CN115260105B - 一种芳杂氨基甲酸类化合物及其制备方法和用途 - Google Patents
一种芳杂氨基甲酸类化合物及其制备方法和用途 Download PDFInfo
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- C07D239/24—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings not condensed with other rings having three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D239/28—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings not condensed with other rings having three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种芳杂氨基甲酸类化合物及其制备方法和用途,本发明的化合物结构涉及如通式Ⅰ所示:
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种本发明属于医药技术领域,具体涉及一种3-(2-取代-5-氟吡 啶)芳杂氨基-二环[2.2.2]庚烷-2-甲酸类化合物及其制备方法和用途。
背景技术
埃博拉病毒(EBOV)是一种高致死性的病毒,2014、2019年两次暴发被世 界卫生组织列为国际关注的公共卫生紧急事件,尚缺乏有效的治疗药物。虽有一 款疫苗(Ervebo)和两款中和抗体(Inmazeb、Ebanga)通过FDA审批,但疫苗 仅针对18岁以上成人用于预防,且存在不良反应及运输储存等问题,而接受抗 体Inmazeb、Ebanga治疗的患者在临床实验中28天平均生存率仅为65.5%和 64.9%。
埃博拉病毒侵入时,组织蛋白酶介导的包膜糖蛋白(GP)裂解是埃博拉病 毒侵入宿主细胞关键步骤。EBOV-GP由GP1、GP2亚基组成,其中GP1起吸附 作用,GP2参与病毒和宿主细胞膜的融合。EBOV-GP抑制剂通过与包膜蛋白结合,改变蛋白构象,阻碍其与组织蛋白酶结合,使GP1上糖冠部分不能顺利脱 除,影响后续GP1和GP2分离及GP2成熟释放,干扰病毒与宿主细胞融合。
假病毒(pseudovirus)技术是国内外筛选评价埃博拉活性化合物的主要手段 之一。EBOV具有高致死性及缺乏有效治疗方法,必须在生物安全4级(BSL-4) 实验室中进行实验,而在全球范围内,只有很少的科研机构可以使用真正的EBOV病毒(infectious virus)进行研究。因此,开发了一种膜蛋白假病毒“替 代”系统,该假病毒感染细胞的亲嗜性和感染能力完全由外源膜蛋白的种类和活 性决定。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种可作为埃博拉侵入抑制剂的备选化合物的新化 合物及其制备方法和用途。
本发明的技术解决方案是:
一种3-(2-取代-5-氟吡啶)芳杂氨基-二环[2.2.2]庚烷-2-甲酸类化合物,包括但不限于结构为通式I所描述的化合物及其立体异构体、药学上可接受的盐、酯、 前药或溶剂化物,其特征是:结构式如下:
X为N或CR1;
Y为-NH-、-O-、-CH2-、-C(=O)-、-CH(OH)-、-CH(CN)-、-CH=CH-或-C≡C-;
Z为-NHR2;
其中,R1为卤素;R2为氢、取代或未取代的C1-C6烷基、取代或未取代的 C3-C6环烷基、-C(=O)Ra、-S(O)2Rb;所述“卤素”选自氟、氯、溴或者碘;所 述Ra及Rb各自独立的选自烷基、烷氧基、氨基、多卤代甲基、烯基、取代或未 取代芳基、取代或未取代杂芳基、饱和或不饱和杂环;
U1、U2、U3分别独立选自-CH-、N或CR3;其中,R3选自氟、氯、溴或者 -CN。
所述药学上可接受的盐,包括盐酸盐、氢溴酸盐、硫酸盐、磷酸盐、醋酸盐、 三氟乙酸盐、甲磺酸盐、对甲苯磺酸盐、酒石酸盐、柠檬酸盐、富马酸盐或苹果 酸盐,以及药学上可接受的前体药物和衍生物。
一种3-(2-取代-5-氟吡啶)芳杂氨基-二环[2.2.2]庚烷-2-甲酸类化合物的制备方法,其特征是:具体操作步骤如下:
(1)在溶剂中,原料Ⅱ与二氯芳杂环化合物Ⅲ反应,制得化合物Ⅳ;其反 应通式如下:
所述的溶剂为丙酮、乙腈、甲苯、二氯甲烷、四氢呋喃、二氧六环、N,N- 二甲基甲酰胺、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺、乙醇、异丙醇、正丁醇、异丁醇中的一种或 者多种;
(2)中间体Ⅳ与化合物Ⅴ在溶剂中,在催化剂和配体催化下,发生偶联反 应得化合物Ⅵ,并经水解,最终得目标化合物Ⅰ:
所述的溶剂为水、甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇、正丁醇、丙酮、乙腈、甲苯、二氯 甲烷、四氢呋喃、二氧六环、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺中的一种或 者多种;
所用催化剂为碘化亚铜、氯化亚铜、醋酸钯、氯化钯、四(三苯基膦)钯、 二氯二(三苯基膦)钯中的一种或者多种;
配体为2-二环己膦基-2'-(N,N-二甲胺)-联苯、2-二环己基磷-2',4',6'-三异丙基 联苯、2-双环己基膦-2',6'-二甲氧基联苯、4,5-双二苯基膦-9,9-二甲基氧杂蒽中的一种或者多种。
步骤(1)中,反应温度为25~140℃,反应时间为4~14h;步骤(2)中反 应条件为加热或微波,温度为50~140℃,反应时间为0.5~14h。
步骤(1)中,原料Ⅱ与二氯芳杂环化合物Ⅲ在碱性条件下反应,使用的碱 为无机碱或有机碱中的一种或多种;所述的化合物II、化合物Ⅲ、碱摩尔比例为1:1:1.5-1:1.5:4,最优摩尔比例为1:1.2:2;步骤(2)中,中间体Ⅳ与化合物Ⅴ在 碱性条件下反应,使用的碱为无机碱或有机碱中的一种或多种;所述的中间体Ⅳ、 化合物Ⅴ与碱的摩尔比为1:1:1.5-1:1.5:3,最优摩尔比例为1:1.2:2;所述的中 间体Ⅳ、催化剂与配体的摩尔比为1:0.05:0.1-1:0.1:0.3,最优摩尔比例为 1:0.05:0.1。
所述无机碱为碳酸钠、碳酸钾、碳酸铯、磷酸钾、氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、钠 氢中的一种或多种;所述有机碱为N,N-二甲基氨基吡啶、三乙胺、二异丙基乙 基胺、三丁胺、叔丁醇钾中的一种或多种。
一种药物组合物,其特征是:含有有效剂量如权利要求1所述的任一化合物 及药用载体。
一种3-(2-取代-5-氟吡啶)芳杂氨基-二环[2.2.2]庚烷-2-甲酸类化合物在制备预防和治疗埃博拉的药物中的应用。
本发明基于包膜病毒的相似性,从抗病毒药物匹莫地韦进行结构改造,以期 从中发现活性、药代性质较好的抗埃博拉病毒活性化合物。同时,为了避免醛氧 化酶在吡咯环2位的代谢,将匹莫地韦的吡咯环开环,得到了一系列骨架新颖的 化合物。运用埃博拉膜蛋白的假病毒模型筛选,该系列化合物不仅对EBOV-GP 靶点具有较强的生物活性,还具有较小的细胞毒性和较高的选择系数,可作为埃 博拉侵入抑制剂的备选化合物,提升国家应对重大公共卫生事件的能力。
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
具体实施方式
化合物Ⅳ的合成:
实施例1:(2S,3S)-3-((2-氯-5-氟吡啶-4-)氨基)二环[2.2.2]辛烷-2-甲酸甲酯的 合成
将(+/-)-3-氨基二环[2.2.2]辛烷-2-甲酸甲酯(3.00g,16.4mmol)溶于N,N-二 甲基甲酰胺中,分两次加入二异丙基乙基胺(8.93mL,54.0mmol),再加入2,4- 二氯-5-氟嘧啶(4.10g,24.6mmol,反应体系明显升温,反应液由无色逐渐加深变成橙黄色,室温下反应5h。乙酸乙酯萃取三次,有机相充分水洗除去N,N-二 甲基甲酰胺,再用饱和氯化钠溶液洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥有机相,柱层析分离, 减压除去有机溶剂,得无色至浅黄色固体3.72g,产率72.4%。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.89(dd,J=2.8,0.8Hz,1H),5.26(s,1H),4.49 (tt,J=6.1,1.8Hz,1H),3.31(s,3H),2.41(dt,J=5.9,1.9Hz,1H),2.02(q,J=2.8 Hz,1H),1.93–1.88(m,1H),1.70–1.60(m,7H).
化合物Ⅰ的合成:
实施例2:(2S,3S)-3-((2-((2-氨基-5-氟吡啶-3-)氨基)-5-氟嘧啶-4-)氨基)二环 [2.2.2]庚烷-2-甲酸的合成
化合物Ⅳ(500mg,3.93mmol)与1,4-二氧六环7mL置于35mL微波管中, 超声以完全溶解。以氩气球给装置持续通入氩气,迅速加入醋酸钯(88.3mg,0.39 mmol)和4,5-双二苯基膦-9,9-二甲基氧杂蒽(454.8mg,0.79mmol),搅拌5min 后加入市售可得的2,3-二氨基-5-氟吡啶,封好微波管,微波反应器设定温度140 摄氏度反应1h,反应结束后以乙酸乙酯(15mL×3)萃取,饱和氯化钠溶液(10mLx3)洗涤有机相,无水硫酸钠干燥,柱层析纯化旋去溶剂再经制备型TLC进 一步分离纯化,得到甲酸酯570mg,产率35.9%。
上一步产物甲酸酯2b(20mg,49.45μmol)与一水合氢氧化锂(8.33mg,0.20 mmol)溶于2mL四氢呋喃和2mL水的混合溶剂中,置换氩气保护,室温下搅 拌两天,反应液以稀盐酸小心调节pH约至5,乙酸乙酯(10mL×3)萃取,有机相 以饱和氯化钠(5mL)洗涤后减压除去溶剂,以制备型TLC纯化,即得到目标化 合物Ⅰ。棕色粉末,重9.16mg,产率47.4%。
1H NMR(400MHz,Acetone-d6)δ7.73(d,J=3.6Hz,1H),7.55(d,J=2.7Hz, 1H),7.01(dd,J=10.2,2.7Hz,1H),4.35(d,J=10.0Hz,1H),2.01(s,1H),1.93– 1.88(m,1H),1.86(d,J=5.1Hz,1H),1.78(s,1H),1.63(m,5H),1.41(t,J=10.7Hz, 2H),1.30(s,1H).
实施例3:(2S,3S)-3-((2-((2-(乙胺基)-5-氟吡啶-3-)氨基)-5-氟嘧啶-4-)氨基) 二环[2.2.2]辛烷-2-甲酸的合成
向干燥的反应瓶中加入2-溴-3-硝基-5-氟吡啶(500mg,2.26mmol)和5mL 浓度为2M的乙胺四氢呋喃溶液,室温下搅拌,可见反应迅速放热颜色变深。室 温下反应30min后直接减压除去多余溶剂和乙胺,得到的黄色油状液体即为硝 基苯乙胺中间体,无需纯化可投入下一步反应。
硝基苯乙胺中间体3b(419mg,2.26mmol)与活化锌粉(740mg,11.3mmol)、 氯化铵固体(605mg,11.3mmol)分散于10mL乙醇和3mL水中,装置置换氩 气氛保护,加热至90摄氏度反应2h,反应液用饱和碳酸氢钠溶液调节pH 8-9, 通过硅藻土过滤,滤渣乙醇洗三次,合并滤液,减压除去部分溶剂,剩余部分以 乙酸乙酯萃取,有机相旋去溶剂,柱层析纯化,得到二胺中间体161mg,产率45.7%。
二胺中间体3c(50mg,0.16mmol)与1,4-二氧六环3mL置于10mL微波反 应管中,超声以完全溶解。以氩气球给装置持续通入氩气,迅速加入醋酸钯 (7.16mg,31.9μmol)和4,5-双二苯基膦-9,9-二甲基氧杂蒽(36.9mg,63.7μmol), 搅拌5min后加入化合物Ⅳ(37.1mg,0.24mmol),封好微波管,微波反应器设定温度140摄氏度反应45min,反应结束后以乙酸乙酯(10mL×3)萃取,饱和氯化 钠溶液(5mL×2)洗涤有机相,无水硫酸钠干燥,经制备型TLC分离纯化,即得 甲酸甲酯3d 28.3mg,产率41.1%。
中间体甲酸甲酯全部投入下一步,与一水合氢氧化锂(11.0mg,0.26mmol) 溶2mL四氢呋喃和2mL水的混合溶剂中,置换氩气保护,室温下搅拌两天, 反应液以稀盐酸小心调节pH约至5,乙酸乙酯(10mL×3)萃取,有机相以饱和氯 化钠(5mL)洗涤后减压除去溶剂,以制备型TLC纯化,即得到目标化合物(12.3 mg,产率44.3%)。
浅橙色粉末:1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.27(s,1H),8.07(dd,J=11.1, 2.8Hz,1H),7.90(d,J=3.8Hz,1H),7.66(d,J=2.8Hz,1H),7.51(d,J=7.1Hz, 1H),6.19(t,J=5.1Hz,1H),4.44(t,J=7.3Hz,1H),3.32–3.29(m,2H),2.77(d,J =7.3Hz,1H),1.96(s,1H),1.77(s,1H),1.69(d,J=8.6Hz,2H),1.63(d,J=14.4 Hz,2H),1.49–1.32(m,6H),1.23(s,1H),1.17(t,J=7.2Hz,4H).
实施例4:(2S,3S)-3-((2-((2-(环己胺基)-5-氟吡啶-3-)氨基)-5-氟嘧啶-4-)氨基) 二环[2.2.2]辛烷-2-甲酸的合成
合成方法同实施例3。黄色粉末,11.1mg,产率37.6%:1H NMR(400MHz, DMSO-d6)δ8.36(s,1H),8.10(dd,J=11.2,2.8Hz,1H),7.87(d,J=3.8Hz,1H), 7.63(d,J=2.8Hz,1H),7.39(d,J=7.1Hz,1H),6.00(d,J=7.0Hz,1H),4.47(t,J= 7.2Hz,1H),3.77(dq,J=10.5,6.7,5.2Hz,2H),2.61(d,J=7.1Hz,1H),1.95(s, 3H),1.74(d,J=8.1Hz,2H),1.68(d,J=17.0Hz,3H),1.65–1.57(m,2H),1.48– 1.39(m,3H),1.35–1.28(m,3H),1.25–1.17(m,4H).
实施例5:(2S,3S)-3-((2-((2-氨基-3,5-二氟苯基)氨基)-5-氟嘧啶-4-)氨基)二环 [2.2.2]辛烷-2-甲酸的合成
取中间体Ⅳ(500mg,1.59mmol)和磷酸钾(677mg,3.19mmol)溶于15mL甲 苯中,装置置换氩气五次,迅速加入三(二亚苄基丙酮)二钯(291mg,0.32mmol) 和2-二环己基膦-2’,4’,6’-三异丙基联苯(303mg,6.36mmol),再次置换氩气, 室温下搅拌5min,迅速加入3,5-二氟-2硝基苯胺(361mg,2.07mmol),置换氩 气三次。于100摄氏度下反应4h,TLC确认中间体Ⅳ消失,将反应液通过硅藻 土过滤,滤渣以乙酸乙酯洗涤三次,合并滤液,以乙酸乙酯(15mL)萃取三次, 有机相以无水硫酸钠干燥后除去溶剂进行柱层析分离,得到277mg,产率38.5%。
将上一步产物5b(277mg,0.61mmol)溶于10mL无水乙醇中,加入钯碳 (10%钯)(100mg),反应体系置换为氢气,水浴加热40摄氏度下反应6h,反 应结束。可以观察到原料的黄色完全消失,双层滤纸常压滤除钯碳,滤液初始无 色,后颜色逐渐变深至棕色,减压除去多余溶剂。
将甲酸甲酯5c(20mg,47.46μmol)与一水合氢氧化锂(7.97mg,0.19mmol) 溶于2mL四氢呋喃和2mL水的混合溶剂中,置换氩气保护,室温下搅拌两天, 反应液以稀盐酸小心调节pH约至5,乙酸乙酯萃取,有机相以饱和氯化钠洗涤后减压除去溶剂,以制备型TLC纯化,即得到目标化合物,紫色粉末12.44mg, 产率64.4%。
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.20(s,1H),7.87(d,J=3.8Hz,1H),7.69(dt, J=11.7,2.3Hz,1H),7.44(d,J=7.0Hz,1H),6.71(ddd,J=11.3,8.7,2.9Hz,1H), 4.72(s,2H),4.47(t,J=7.2Hz,1H),2.71(d,J=7.2Hz,1H),1.95(s,1H),1.86(s, 1H),1.78(s,1H),1.67(t,J=10.9Hz,3H),1.44(d,J=12.9Hz,3H),1.32(d,J= 11.8Hz,2H),1.23(s,1H).
实施例6:(2S,3S)-3-((2-((2-丙烯酰胺基-3,5-二氟苯基)氨基)-5-氟吡啶-4-)氨 基)二环[2.2.2]辛烷-2-甲酸的合成
将实施例5中甲酯5c(50mg,0.12mmol)置于反应瓶中,加入新鲜干燥的 四氢呋喃5mL和20μL干燥三乙胺溶解,置换氩气保护,冰浴条件下迅速加入 12μL丙烯酰氯,计时反应90s,加饱和碳酸氢钠淬灭反应。反应液以乙酸乙酯 (10mL×3)萃取,有机相饱和氯化钠溶液(5mL)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,制备型 TLC纯化得到N-烷基化中间体(24.03mg,产率42.6%)。
上述得到的中间体6a全部加入反应瓶中,与一水合氢氧化锂(8.47mg,0.21 mmol)溶于2mL四氢呋喃和2mL水的混合溶剂中,置换氩气保护,室温下搅 拌两天,反应液以稀盐酸小心调节pH约至5,乙酸乙酯萃取,有机相以饱和氯 化钠洗涤后减压除去溶剂,以制备型TLC纯化,即得到目标化合物15.7mg,产 率65.5%。
白色粉末:1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.22–8.16(m,2H),7.96(d,J= 3.8Hz,1H),7.72(d,J=7.0Hz,1H),6.89(ddd,J=10.0,8.7,3.0Hz,1H),4.50(t,J =7.2Hz,1H),3.06–3.02(m,3H),2.84(d,J=7.2Hz,1H),1.99(s,1H),1.83(s,1H), 1.70(t,J=10.7Hz,3H),1.59–1.21(m,6H).
实施例7:(2S,3S)-3-((2-((2-乙酰胺基-3,5-二氟苯基)氨基)-5-氟吡啶-4-)氨基) 二环[2.2.2]辛烷-2-甲酸的合成
合成方法同实施例6。浅粉色粉末,7.23mg,产率37.3%:1H NMR(400MHz, DMSO-d6)
δ9.76(s,1H),8.11–8.03(m,2H),7.91(d,J=3.8Hz,1H),7.62(d,J=7.0Hz,1H),6.89(ddd,J=10.1,8.7,2.9Hz,1H),6.51(dd,J=17.1,10.2Hz,1H),6.26(dd,J= 17.1,1.9Hz,1H),5.81(dd,J=10.2,1.9Hz,1H),4.48(t,J=7.3Hz,1H),2.78–2.70(m,1H),1.97(s,1H),1.79(s,1H),1.68(t,J=10.0Hz,3H),1.47(q,J=9.1,7.5 Hz,3H),1.37–1.32(m,1H),1.24(d,J=3.6Hz,1H).
实施例8:(2S,3S)-3-((2-((2-甲磺酰胺基-3,5-二氟苯基)氨基)-5-氟吡啶-4-)氨 基)二环[2.2.2]辛烷-2-甲酸的合成
合成方法同实施例6。浅红色粉末,7.15mg,产率40.3%:1H NMR(400MHz, DMSO-d6)δ9.42(s,1H),8.07(dd,J=12.0,1.7Hz,2H),7.93(d,J=3.8Hz,1H), 7.66(d,J=7.0Hz,1H),6.84(ddd,J=10.0,8.8,2.9Hz,1H),4.48(t,J=7.2Hz,1H), 2.80(d,J=7.2Hz,1H),2.10(s,3H),1.97(s,1H),1.90(s,1H),1.81(s,1H),1.69(t, J=9.4Hz,3H),1.57–1.30(m,6H).
实施例9:(2S,3S)-3-((2-((2-(乙胺基)-3,5-二氟苯基)氨基)-5-氟吡啶-4-)氨基) 二环[2.2.2]辛烷-2-甲酸的合成
向干燥洁净的反应瓶中加入2,3,5-三氟硝基苯(500mg,2.82mmol)以及3 mL乙胺四氢呋喃溶液,室温下搅拌,可以观察到反应颜色迅速变深且急剧放热, 反应体系固化。向反应体系中补加5mL干燥四氢呋喃,固体溶解,继续搅拌 10min,减压除去溶剂过量乙胺,无需进一步纯化。
向上述产物9b(理论量571mg)的反应瓶中加入活化锌粉(922mg,14.10 mmol)及氯化铵固体(754mg,14.10mmol),随后加入乙醇10mL及水3mL, 分散均匀后置换氩气氛保护,90摄氏度下加热2h。停止反应后以饱和碳酸钠溶 液调节体系pH至8-9,通过硅藻土滤除多余锌粉及盐固体,滤渣乙醇/二氯甲烷 冲洗三次,合并滤液,减压除去绝大部分溶剂,剩下部分以乙酸乙酯(15mL×3) 萃取,有机相饱和氯化钠溶液(10mL×3)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,柱层析纯化, 旋去溶剂得到棕色黏稠固体即二胺中间体。
将取代嘧啶中间体Ⅳ(200mg,0.64mmol)置于35mL微波反应管中,加 入7mL 1,4,-二氧六环溶解,以氩气球持续给装置通入氩气,5min后迅速加入醋 酸钯(28.6mg,0.13mmol)和4,5-双二苯基膦-9,9-二甲基氧杂蒽(147mg,0.27 mmol),搅拌5min后迅速加入二胺中间体(165mg,0.96mmol),封好微波反 应管,将微波反应器设定至温度140摄氏度,反应时间1h。反应液以乙酸乙酯 (10mL×3)萃取,有机相饱和氯化钠(10mL×3)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,柱层析 纯化,旋去溶剂即得甲酸甲酯9d(80.2mg,产率28.04%)。
取甲酸甲酯9d(30mg,66.7μmol)与一水合氢氧化锂(11.2mg,0.27mmol) 溶解于2mL四氢呋喃和2mL水的混合溶剂中,置换氩气保护,室温下搅拌两 天,反应液以稀盐酸小心调节pH约至5,乙酸乙酯萃取,有机相以饱和氯化钠 洗涤后减压除去溶剂,以制备型TLC纯化,即得到目标化合物12.0mg,产率 41.5%。
浅粉色粉末:1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.27(s,1H),8.06–8.01(m,1H), 7.93(d,J=3.8Hz,1H),7.62(d,J=7.0Hz,1H),7.36(d,J=3.2Hz,1H),6.73(ddd, J=10.5,9.0,2.9Hz,1H),4.49(t,J=7.2Hz,1H),4.25(t,J=6.6Hz,1H),2.88(p,J =6.9Hz,2H),2.81(d,J=7.1Hz,1H),1.98(s,1H),1.85(s,1H),1.70(d,J=8.4Hz, 3H),1.55–1.49(m,2H),1.49–1.38(m,3H),1.35(d,J=8.6Hz,1H),1.24(s,1H), 1.09(t,J=7.1Hz,3H).
实施例10:(2S,3S)-3-((2-((2-(环己胺基)-3,5-二氟苯基)氨基)-5-氟吡啶-4-)氨基)二环[2.2.2]辛烷-2-甲酸的合成
合成方法同实施例9。白色粉末,11.2mg,产率40.7%:1H NMR(400MHz, DMSO-d6)
δ12.34(s,1H),8.30(d,J=1.4Hz,1H),8.09(ddd,J=11.7,2.9,1.5Hz,1H),7.95(d, J=3.8Hz,1H),7.66(d,J=6.9Hz,1H),6.71(ddd,J=10.2,9.1,2.9Hz,1H),4.49(t, J=7.2Hz,1H),4.12(d,J=6.9Hz,1H),2.85(d,J=7.2Hz,1H),2.69(d,J=6.2Hz, 1H),1.99(s,1H),1.87(s,1H),1.79(d,J=10.8Hz,2H),1.69(t,J=9.9Hz,5H), 1.52(d,J=11.0Hz,2H),1.49–1.39(m,3H),1.36(d,J=9.1Hz,1H),1.18(dt,J= 22.3,10.5Hz,5H).
实施例11:(2S,3S)-3-((2-(2-氨基-3,5-二氟苯氧)-5-氟嘧啶-4-)氨基)二环[2.2.2] 辛烷-2-甲酸的合成
将中间体Ⅳ(1.0g,3.19mmol)及磷酸钾(1.35g,6.37mmol)分散于于 20mL甲苯中,反应瓶置换氩气氛五次,迅速加入2-二叔丁基磷-3,4,5,6-四甲基 -2',4',6'-三异丙基联苯(460mg,0.96mmol)和醋酸钯(143mg,0.64mmol), 再次置换氩气,室温搅拌5min后迅速加入3,5-二氟-2-硝基苯酚(725mg,4.14 mmol),再次置换氩气。将反应瓶于110摄氏度下加热36h,反应液通过硅藻土 过滤,滤渣少量乙酸乙酯洗涤三次,合并滤液。滤液以乙酸乙酯(30mL×3)萃取, 饱和氯化钠溶液(15mL×3)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,柱层析纯化,旋去溶剂得到 浅黄色粉末(258mg,产率17.89%)。
将上述所得全部产物11b与钯碳(10%钯)(100mg)分散于10mL乙醇中, 体系置换氢气,于40摄氏度水浴下反应6h。反应液通过滤纸常压过滤,滤液初始无色,渐渐变为浅棕色,旋干溶剂后得201mg,产率83.4%。
甲酸甲酯11c(30mg,71.0μmol)与一水合氢氧化锂(11.9mg,0.28mmol) 溶于2mL四氢呋喃和2mL水的混合溶剂中,置换氩气保护,室温下搅拌两天, 反应液以稀盐酸小心调节pH约至5,乙酸乙酯(10mL×3)萃取,有机相用饱和 食盐水(5mL×2)洗涤后减压除去溶剂,以制备型TLC纯化,即得目标化合物 (19.3mg,产率66.7%)。
浅粉色粉末:1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ12.38(s,1H),7.93(d,J=3.3 Hz,1H),7.79(d,J=6.8Hz,1H),6.98(ddd,J=11.5,8.9,2.9Hz,1H),6.80(dt,J= 9.5,2.4Hz,1H),4.66(s,2H),4.22(t,J=7.1Hz,1H),2.80–2.70(m,1H),1.92(d,J =9.0Hz,1H),1.76(s,1H),1.64(q,J=6.7,4.4Hz,2H),1.42(d,J=5.7Hz,1H), 1.36(d,J=9.2Hz,3H),1.32–1.22(m,2H).
实施例12:(2S,3S)-3-((2-(2-丙烯酰胺基-3,5-二氟苯氧基)-5-氟嘧啶-4-)氨基) 二环[2.2.2]辛烷-2-甲酸的合成
将实施例11中甲酯11c(50mg,118μmol)溶解于5mL新鲜干燥的四氢呋 喃中,再加入19.7μL超干三乙胺,置换氩气氛保护反应体系,冰浴条件下迅速 加入丙烯酰氯(10.7μL,0.14mmol),计时反应90s,以饱和碳酸氢钠溶液淬灭 反应。反应体系以乙酸乙酯(10mL×3)萃取,有机相经饱和氯化钠溶液(5mL x 2) 洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,制备型TLC纯化得N-烷基化中间体(18.1mg,产率39.5%)。
将上述产物12a与一水合氢氧化锂(6.38mg,0.15mmol)溶于2mL四氢 呋喃和2mL水的混合溶剂中,置换氩气保护,室温下搅拌两天,反应液以稀盐 酸小心调节pH约至5,乙酸乙酯萃取,有机相以饱和氯化钠洗涤后减压除去溶 剂,以制备型TLC纯化,即得到目标化合物11.2mg,产率63.9%。
白色粉末:1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ9.64(s,1H),7.91(d,J=3.3Hz, 1H),7.83(d,J=7.0Hz,1H),7.24(td,J=9.6,2.9Hz,1H),7.13(dt,J=9.7,2.2Hz, 1H),6.41(dd,J=17.1,10.2Hz,1H),6.16(dd,J=17.1,2.1Hz,1H),5.70(dd,J=10.1,2.0Hz,1H),4.26(t,J=7.1Hz,1H),2.70(d,J=6.9Hz,1H),1.93(s,1H),1.66 (d,J=10.9Hz,3H),1.47–1.27(m,7H),1.24(s,1H),1.10(t,J=7.0Hz,1H).
实施例13:(2S,3S)-3-((2-(2-乙酰胺基-3,5-二氟苯氧基)-5-氟嘧啶-4-)氨基)二 环[2.2.2]辛烷-2-甲酸的合成
合成方法同实施例12。白色粉末,12.5mg,产率38.6%:1H NMR(400MHz, DMSO-d6)
δ9.46(s,1H),7.90(d,J=3.4Hz,1H),7.76(d,J=7.1Hz,1H),7.19(td,J=9.5,2.9 Hz,1H),7.08(dt,J=9.7,2.2Hz,1H),4.29(t,J=7.2Hz,1H),3.17(s,1H),1.92(s,3H),1.85(s,1H),1.63(d,J=8.0Hz,3H),1.39(d,J=10.2Hz,2H),1.30–1.23(m, 4H).
实施例14:(2S,3S)-3-((2-(2-(乙胺)-3,5-二氟苯氧基)-5-氟嘧啶-4-)氨基)二环 [2.2.2]辛烷-2-甲酸的合成
将将实施例11中甲酯11c(50mg,0.12mmol)与干燥的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺 (7mL)加入带冷凝管的反应瓶中,置换氩气氛,加入30uL的二异丙基乙基胺 与28uL(0.36mmol)的碘乙烷,60摄氏度下反应20h。向体系中加入水淬灭 反应,乙酸乙酯(10mL×3)萃取,有机相水(5mL)洗三次,饱和氯化钠溶液(5mL×2) 洗涤三次,无水硫酸钠干燥,制备型薄层色谱纯化,即得到苯乙胺中间体14a (11.4mg,产率21.4%)。
将上述过程制备的全部产物14a与一水合氢氧化锂(4.25mg,0.10mmol) 溶于2mL四氢呋喃和2mL水的混合溶剂中,置换氩气保护,室温下搅拌两天, 反应液以稀盐酸小心调节pH约至5,乙酸乙酯萃取,有机相以饱和氯化钠洗涤 后减压除去溶剂,以制备型TLC纯化,即得到目标化合物6.2mg,产率56.1%。
白色粉末:1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.15(s,1H),7.83–7.73(m,1H), 7.60(d,J=3.8Hz,1H),7.33(d,J=10.9Hz,1H),6.83(dd,J=10.9,2.9Hz,1H), 4.49(t,J=7.2Hz,1H),2.86(d,J=6.9Hz,2H),2.81(d,J=7.1Hz,1H),1.98(s, 1H),1.85(s,1H),1.70(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),1.45–1.39(m,2H),1.39–1.35(m,2H), 1.35(d,J=8.6Hz,1H),1.24(s,1H),1.05(t,J=7.1Hz,3H).
实施例15:(2S,3S)-3-((4-(2-氨基-5-氟烟酰基)-5-氯嘧啶-2-)氨基)二环[2.2.2] 辛烷-2-甲酸的合成
2,5-二氯-4-五氟苯氧基嘧啶15b的合成:
将2,4,5-三氯嘧啶(10.0mmol)溶于无水N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中,加入2mL 三乙胺和五氟苯酚(2.00g,10.8mmol),室温下搅拌3h。向反应体系内加入30mL 二氯甲烷,体系用饱和氯化铵水溶液50mL洗涤3次,无水硫酸钠干燥有机相, 减压除去有机溶剂得粗产物。粗产物经柱层析(PE:EA=50:1v/v)纯化,即得。 白色固体2.87g,产率87.1%。
N-杂环卡宾催化剂碘化N,N-二甲基苯并[b]咪唑鎓(NHC cat.)的合成:
将N-甲基苯并咪唑(1.32g,10.0mmol)置于20mL乙腈中,加入1.5mL碘 甲烷(3.42g,24.0mmol),室温下搅拌过夜。有大量固体析出。抽滤除去乙腈, 滤液减压除去部分乙腈后,加入乙醚(50mL),析出的固体再次抽滤,与第一次 抽滤的滤饼合并,用乙醚(10mL)洗涤1次。滤饼用无水乙醇进行重结晶,所得 的固体抽滤,滤饼用10mL冰乙醇洗涤一次,再用10mL乙醚洗涤一次。将洗 涤后的滤饼进行真空干燥,得浅粉色固体2.37g,产率95.2%
(5-氯-2-((五氟苯氧基)嘧啶-4-基)(2-氯-5-氟吡啶-3-基)甲酮15c的合成:将中间体4-嘧啶五氟苯酚醚(1mmol)、催化剂碘化N,N-二甲基苯并[b]咪唑鎓 (0.50mmol,0.12g)和2-氯-5-氟吡啶-3-甲醛(1.00mmol)溶于无水DMF(5mL) 中,将体系置换为氩气气氛,氩气保护下加入NaH(1.5mmol,60%分散于石 蜡中,60.0mg).待反应体系不再有气体逸出后,加热反应体系至80℃,搅拌过夜。用饱和氯化铵水溶液(20mL×3)淬灭反应。用乙酸乙酯(10mL×3)萃取,萃 取液用30mL饱和氯化铵水溶液洗涤3次,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压除去有机溶 剂后柱层析分离(PE:EA=10%-16%)纯化得产物。浅黄色油状液体71mg,真 空下长时间放置可变为浅黄色蜡状固体,产率16%。
(+/-)-甲基-3-((5-氯-4-(2-氯-5-氟烟酰基)嘧啶-2-基)氨基)二环[2.2.2]辛烷-2-羧酸酯15d的合成:将吡啶嘧啶酮中间体溶于无水DMF(3-4mL)中,加入2-氨 基-二环[2.2.2]辛烷羧酸甲酯(0.184g,1mmol)和N,N-二异丙基乙胺(1mL)。 40℃下反应过夜,用50mL乙酸乙酯稀释反应体系,饱和氯化铵水溶液(10mLx2) 洗涤,有机相经无水硫酸钠干燥后,减压除去有机溶剂,柱层析分离(PE:EA=9:1 v/v)纯化,得到相应产物。黄色油状液体,经二氯甲烷-石油醚打浆后可得黄色 粉末状固体87.3mg,直接用于下一步水解。
(+/-)-3-((5-氯-4-(2-氯-5-氟烟酰基)嘧啶-2-基)氨基)二环[2.2.2]辛烷-2-羧酸 15e的合成。将连接桥环的甲酯15d溶于4mL甲醇中,另外准备5M氢氧化钠 溶液(0.20g,5mmol溶于1mL水中),将5M氢氧化钠水溶液加入甲醇中,LC-MS 跟踪反应至原料全部消耗完毕,加入20mL水,小心地用1M盐酸将溶液pH调 至3-5,形成的乳浊液用乙酸乙酯(20mL)萃取3次,萃取液用20mL氯化钠洗涤1次,将有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥,减压除去有机溶剂后柱层析分离(PE:EA =9:1转CH2Cl2:MeOH=95:5)。黄色油状液体,长时间置于真空下可转化为黄色固体,两步产率25.1%。
(+/-)-3-((5-氯-4-(2-氨基-5-氟烟酰基)嘧啶-2-基)氨基)二环[2.2.2]辛烷-2-羧酸 15f的合成:将中间体15e溶于2mL氨水中,用微波反应仪加热至130℃,反应 过程中,调整微波功率和温度使体系压力在90-100psi之间,微波氨解1小时。 用20mL水稀释反应体系,小心加入2M盐酸将体系pH调至中性,用乙酸乙 酯(10mL)萃取反应体系5次,干燥有机相,减压除去有机溶剂后用反相柱层析 (MeOH/H2O+1‰甲酸40-70%,梯度)分离纯化,减压除去大部分甲醇和水, 用无水乙醇带去剩余水分,置于真空下干燥,得产物15f。黄色粉末,产率40.1%:1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3-d)δ13.41(br,1H),8.37(s,1H),8.10(d,1H),7.84(d,1H), 7.51(s,1H),5.73(s,1H),5.33(s,1H),4.17(dd,1H),2.41(d,1H),1.92–0.74(m,10H).
实施例16:(2S,3S)-3-((4-(2-氨基-5-氟烟酰基)-5-溴嘧啶-2-)氨基)二环[2.2.2] 辛烷-2-甲酸的合成
合成方法同实施例15。2-氯-4-五氟苯氧基-5-溴嘧啶16b,白色固体3.06g, 产率82.4%。
(5-溴-2-((五氟苯氧基)嘧啶-4-基)(2-氯-5-氟吡啶-3-基)甲酮16c:由中间体4-嘧啶五氟苯酚醚与2-氯-5-氟吡啶-3-甲醛合成,白色固体84mg,产率17%。
(+/-)-甲基-3-((5-溴-4-(2-氯-5-氟烟酰基)嘧啶-2-基)氨基)二环[2.2.2]辛烷-2-羧酸酯16d,黄色油状液体,经二氯甲烷-石油醚打浆后可得黄色粉末状固体 50.0mg,直接用于下一步水解。
(+/-)-3-((5-溴-4-(2-氯-5-氟烟酰基)嘧啶-2-基)氨基)二环[2.2.2]辛烷-2-羧酸 16e黄色油状液体,长时间置于真空下可转化为黄色固体,两步产率20.3%。
(+/-)-3-((5-溴-4-(2-氨基-5-氟烟酰基)嘧啶-2-基)氨基)二环[2.2.2]辛烷-2-羧酸 16f,橙色粉末,产率7.38%:1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ13.41(br,1H),8.45(s,1H),8.08(d,1H),7.84(d,1H),7.49(s,1H),5.73(s,1H),5.33(s,1H),4.16(dd,1H),2.42 (dd,1H),2.00–0.88(m,10H).
实施例17:(2S,3S)-3-((4-(2-氯-5-氟烟酰基)-5-氯嘧啶-2-)氨基)二环[2.2.2]辛 烷-2-甲酸的合成
化合物15d(72.6μmol)与一水合氢氧化锂(19.0g,0.15mmol)溶于2mL 四氢呋喃和2mL水的混合溶剂中,置换氩气保护,室温下搅拌两天,反应液以 稀盐酸小心调节pH约至5,乙酸乙酯(10mL×3)萃取,有机相以饱和氯化钠(10mL)洗涤后减压除去溶剂,以制备型TLC纯化,即得到目标化合物。
实施例18:(2S,3S)-3-((4-(2-氯-5-氟烟酰基)-5-溴嘧啶-2-)氨基)二环[2.2.2]辛 烷-2-甲酸的合成
化合物16d(72.6μmol)与一水合氢氧化锂(19.0g,0.15mmol)溶于2mL 四氢呋喃和2mL水的混合溶剂中,置换氩气保护,室温下搅拌两天,反应液以 稀盐酸小心调节pH约至5,乙酸乙酯(10mL×3)萃取,有机相以饱和氯化钠(10mL)洗涤后减压除去溶剂,以制备型TLC纯化,即得到目标化合物。
实施例19:(2S,3S)-3-((4-(2-甲氧基-5-氟烟酰基)-5-氯嘧啶-2-)氨基)二环[2.2.2] 辛烷-2-甲酸的合成
合成方法同实施例15。
实施例20:(2S,3S)-3-((4-(2-甲氧基-5-氟烟酰基)-5-溴嘧啶-2-)氨基)二环[2.2.2] 辛烷-2-甲酸的合成
合成方法同实施例15。
实施例21:(2S,3S)-3-((2-((2-氨基-5-氟吡啶-3-)乙炔基)-5-氟嘧啶-4-)氨基)二 环[2.2.2]辛烷-2-甲酸的合成
向反应瓶中加入2-氨基-3-碘-5-氟吡啶(1.00g,5.24mmol)、碘化亚铜(99.7 mg,0.52mmol)、三乙胺2.18mL和乙腈20mL,装置置换氩气氛保护,再加入 双三苯基膦二氯化钯(368mg,0.52mmol)和三甲基硅基乙炔2.18mL。常温下 反应4h,反应液以乙酸乙酯(30mL×3)萃取,饱和氯化钠溶液(15mL×3)洗涤, 无水硫酸钠干燥,柱层析纯化,旋去溶剂得浅棕色固体764mg即为炔中间体, 产率70.1%。
将上一步产物21b(100mg,0.48mmol)、中间体Ⅳ(151mg,0.48mmol)、 碘化亚铜(9.14mg,48.0μmol)和氟化铯(182mg,1.20mmol)投入反应瓶中, 另加入溶剂乙腈10mL和三乙胺0.2mL使固体溶解,反应装置置换氩气保护, 再加入双三苯基膦二氯化钯(33.7mg,48.0μmol)再次置换氩气。加热至90摄 氏度回流4h,反应液以乙酸乙酯(15mLx3)萃取,饱和氯化钠溶液(10mLx3)洗涤, 无水硫酸钠干燥,柱层析纯化,减压除去溶剂得甲酸酯,浅棕色固体129mg,产率65.0%。
甲酸酯21c(30.0mg,72.6μmol)与一水合氢氧化锂(19.0g,0.15mmol) 溶于2mL四氢呋喃和2mL水的混合溶剂中,置换氩气保护,室温下搅拌两天, 反应液以稀盐酸小心调节pH约至5,乙酸乙酯(10mL×3)萃取,有机相以饱和氯 化钠(10mL)洗涤后减压除去溶剂,以制备型TLC纯化,即得到目标化合物21d (18.2mg,产率62.9%)。
棕色粉末:1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.13(d,J=3.8Hz,1H),8.03(d,J =3.0Hz,1H),7.74(dd,J=8.8,3.0Hz,1H),7.71(d,J=7.6Hz,1H),6.18(s,2H), 4.52(s,1H),1.95(s,1H),1.72(s,1H),1.68(d,J=8.1Hz,2H),1.58(d,J=12.2Hz, 1H),1.46(d,J=15.5Hz,4H),1.30(d,J=11.9Hz,2H).
实施例22:抗埃博拉生物活性测试
本课题组筛选抑制埃博拉病毒化合物,筛选靶点为埃博拉病毒外膜蛋白GP(EBOV-GP)的侵入抑制剂。利用带有报告基因的复制缺陷型HIV基因组质粒 与埃博拉病毒GP蛋白表达质粒,在293T细胞上包装假病毒颗粒 (EBOV-GP-HIV),感染Vero细胞后通过报告基因定量检测假病毒侵入活性。报告基因为萤火虫荧光素酶蛋白。化合物细胞毒性采用MTT法测定。通过化合 物对对照组VSV-G假病毒的感染活性的抑制,以判断化合物可能的假阳性及脱 靶效应。
细胞毒性(MTT法,570nm波长下测定)筛选数据经整理后,以铺种细胞 但无化合物对照孔为100%,计算细胞相对存活率(Viability,%)。假病毒侵入 活性(FLuc,RLU)筛选数据经整理后,以铺种细胞但无化合物对照孔为100%, 计算假病毒相对侵入活性(Infectivity,%),及假病毒抑制活性(Inhibition=100% -Infectivity)。
同时,对于活性化合物筛选实验中,我们以水泡口炎病毒(vesicular stomatitisvirus,VSV)膜蛋白为对照,G蛋白包装的假病毒(VSV-G-HIV)作为无关靶点 对照。我们将化合物对EBOV-GP的抑制率与VSV-G的抑制率的比值定义为化 合物靶向EBOV-GP的特异性指数(Spec.Index),该特异性指数越大则说明化合 物对埃博拉病毒膜蛋白GP功能的特异性抑制越强。以化合物CC50/EC50比值计 算选择指数(SI)。
本发明用阳性药物托瑞米芬(Toremifene)作对照品,代表活性化合物对 EBOV-GP的抑制结果见表1(在Vero细胞中的抗埃博拉活性和细胞毒性)。
表1
EC50:半数有效浓度
CC50:半数致死浓度
SI:选择性指数,SI=CC50/EC50。
实验结果表明,化学通式中所包含的部分化合物具有一定的抗埃博拉病毒活 性,较低的细胞毒性和一定的选择性指数。
本发明包括但不限于上述实例。
Claims (1)
1.一种芳杂氨基甲酸类化合物在制备治疗埃博拉的药物中的应用,其特征是:所述芳杂氨基甲酸类化合物为下列结构式的化合物:
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