CN115178906B - Laser welding machine and feeding mechanism thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The application discloses laser welder and feed mechanism thereof, feed mechanism including be used for holding the feed bin of solder, with the transmission board of feed bin butt joint and with the first drive assembly that the transmission board transmission is connected, the transmission board is provided with the material hole that can hold single solder, first drive assembly include first motor, by first motor drive's first eccentric wheel and by first eccentric wheel driven swing piece, swing piece with the transmission board is pegged graft in order to order the lateral shifting of transmission board between primary importance and second place, and the solder of feed bin output is received to its material hole when the primary importance of transmission board, and the solder that receives when the second place falls into the nozzle of welder for the solder can single transport in order, so can accurately control the dose of the solder that welding operation used at every turn, welding speed is fast and the welding is effectual.

Description

Laser welding machine and feeding mechanism thereof

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of welding equipment, in particular to a laser welding machine and a feeding mechanism thereof.

Background

Laser welding is a thermal processing technique using a laser beam as a heat source, has the advantages of high energy density, small deformation, narrow heat affected zone, high welding speed, no subsequent processing and the like, is an important means for processing and manufacturing metal materials in recent years, and is widely applied to the fields of automobiles, ships, aerospace and the like.

In the welding process, laser beams generated by a laser generator form tiny light spots with high energy density through focusing, solder such as a tin ball and the like conveyed to a nozzle of a welding machine is melted, and the melted solder is sprayed onto a workpiece under the action of high-pressure inert gas such as helium, argon, nitrogen and the like, so that the non-contact welding operation is completed. However, the solder is stacked in the bin, and is difficult to be automatically dispersed one by one, and may cause blockage during the transportation process so as not to reach the nozzle opening, or may be transported to the nozzle opening together with a plurality of solder; the dispersed single solder is small in size and light in weight, and due to the fact that the inert gas is in a high-pressure state in the conveying process, micro-flow air flow communicated with the outer cavity is generated, the solder is in a suspension state, and the solder is difficult to convey to the nozzle opening smoothly, so that the welding operation is affected.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the technical problem to be solved by the present application is how to deliver solder to a predetermined position one by one.

In order to solve the technical problem, the application provides a feed mechanism, including the feed bin that is used for holding the solder, with the transmission board of feed bin butt joint and with the first drive assembly that the transmission board transmission is connected, the transmission board is provided with the material hole that can hold single solder, first drive assembly includes first motor, by first motor drive's first eccentric wheel and by the swing piece of first eccentric wheel drive, swing piece with the transmission board is pegged graft in order to order about transmission board lateral shifting between primary importance and second place movably.

For solving above-mentioned technical problem, this application still provides a laser welding machine, including the board, set up in above-mentioned feed mechanism on the board, with feed mechanism complex laser generator and with the nozzle of feed mechanism and laser generator butt joint, the nozzle is provided with the solder passageway, feed mechanism's transmission board is when the second position, the material hole with the solder passageway intercommunication.

Compared with the prior art, the laser welding machine and the feeding mechanism thereof drive the transmission plate to move transversely between the first position and the second position rapidly through the first driving assembly, the material hole of the transmission plate receives the solder output by the bin when the first position is reached, and the received solder falls into the nozzle when the second position is reached, so that the solder can be conveyed in sequence singly, the dosage of the solder used in each welding operation can be accurately controlled, and the laser welding machine is particularly suitable for large-batch and automatic operation, and is high in welding speed and good in welding effect on the whole.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a laser welding machine according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a feeding mechanism of the laser welder shown in fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a top view of the feed mechanism shown in fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the loading mechanism shown in fig. 3 taken along line IV-IV.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a part of the components of the feeding mechanism shown in fig. 2.

Fig. 6 is an exploded view of fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is another angular view of fig. 6.

Fig. 8 is a further exploded view of the first drive assembly of the charging mechanism.

Fig. 9 is another angular view of the first drive assembly of fig. 8.

Fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view along X-X of the first drive assembly of fig. 6.

Fig. 11 is a further exploded view of the second drive assembly of the charging mechanism.

Fig. 12 is another angular view of the second drive assembly of fig. 11.

Fig. 13 is an enlarged view of XIII in fig. 4, with the transfer plate of the feeding mechanism in the first position.

Fig. 14 is a schematic view of the transmission plate in a second position.

The reference numbers illustrate:

a machine table 10;

the feeding mechanism 30, the bin 32, the conveying pipe 34, the conveying channel 341, the sleeve 35, the plane 351, the conveying plate 36, the material hole 361 and the clamping groove 363;

the first driving assembly 38, the first motor 381, the first eccentric wheel 383, the first convex part 384, the swinging piece 385, the first limiting groove 386, the shaft rod 387 and the fixture block 389;

a second driving assembly 39, a second motor 391, a second eccentric 393, a second protrusion 394, a slider 395, a second limit groove 396, a support plate 397, a through hole 398, a bushing 399, a roller 390;

a guide plate 40, a guide groove 42, a first through hole 44, and a second through hole 46;

a laser generator 50;

nozzle 70, outlet 72, feed inlet 74, laser channel 76, solder channel 78;

and solder 90.

Detailed Description

To facilitate an understanding of the present application, the present application will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. One or more embodiments of the present disclosure are illustrated in the drawings to provide a more accurate and thorough understanding of the subject disclosure. It should be understood, however, that the present application may be embodied in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described below.

The same or similar reference numbers in the drawings of the present application correspond to the same or similar components; in the description of the present application, it is to be understood that if there is an orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc. based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, for convenience of description only and to simplify the description, rather than to indicate or imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus the terms used in describing the positional relationships in the drawings are intended to be illustrative only and should not be construed as limiting the patent, the meaning of which terms will be understood by those skilled in the art as to be specific to that particular situation.

The application provides a laser welding machine, which is mainly used for welding metal materials and the like. Fig. 1 shows a laser welding machine according to an embodiment of the present invention, which includes a machine 10, a feeding mechanism 30 disposed on the machine 10, a laser generator 50 engaged with the feeding mechanism 30, and a nozzle 70. Wherein, the feeding mechanism 30 is used for delivering the solder 90, such as solder ball, to the outlet 72 of the nozzle 70 one by one; the laser generator 50 is used to generate a laser beam that melts the solder 90 delivered to the outlet 72 of the nozzle 70, and the melted solder 90 is sprayed onto the surface of the workpiece to be welded, and laser welding is completed after cooling. The laser welding machine does not physically contact with a workpiece and does not generate chemical reaction in the whole welding process, the welding speed is high, the welding effect is good, no pollution is caused to the environment, and particularly, the precise welding of tiny parts can be realized.

Referring to fig. 2 to 5, the feeding mechanism 30 includes a bin 32, a transfer pipe 34 connected to the bin 32, a transfer plate 36 connected to the transfer pipe 34, a first driving assembly 38 connected to the transfer plate 36, and a second driving assembly 39 connected to the bin 32.

As shown in fig. 6-7, the magazine 32 is a cavity having a volume that can carry a quantity of solder 90. In some embodiments, the solder 90 may be loaded into the silo 32 in batches by a feeding robot or the like. The top of the bin 32 is provided with a bin cover which can be opened, so that the solder 90 can be conveniently replenished into the bin 32. The bottom of the bin 32 is provided with an opening that is plugged into the transfer tube 34 so that the solder 90 in the bin 32 can be delivered through the transfer tube 34 to the transfer plate 36. In the illustrated embodiment, the conveying pipe 34 is vertically arranged, a vertical conveying channel 341 is formed inside, and the solder 90 can be automatically conveyed downwards along the conveying channel 341 under the action of the gravity of the solder; the transmission plate 36 is a thin plate structure extending transversely, a material hole 361 penetrating up and down is formed inside the transmission plate, and the solder 90 can move transversely under the driving of the transmission plate 36 when being embedded into the material hole 361.

The inner diameter of the transfer tube 34, i.e., the diameter of the transfer channel 341, is generally matched to the size of the solder 90 so that the solder 90 can enter the transfer tube 34 and be transported down the transfer channel 341. In the illustrated embodiment, the top end of the transfer tube 34 is inserted into the hopper 32 and is provided with a divergent guide opening to facilitate the entry of the solder 90 into the transfer channel 341; the bottom end of the transfer tube 34 abuts against a transfer plate 36, which is preferably a sliding fit. The aperture of the material hole 361 of the transfer plate 36 is matched to the size of the solder 90, and in the illustrated embodiment, the diameter of the material hole 361 is equivalent to the inner diameter of the transfer tube 34. When the transfer plate 36 is moved laterally to the first position, the material hole 361 thereof faces the transfer passage 341 of the transfer tube 34, and the solder 90 directly drops and is embedded in the material hole 361 of the transfer plate 36 when sliding out of the transfer tube 34, as shown in fig. 13.

Referring to fig. 8 to fig. 10, the first driving assembly 38 includes a first motor 381, a first eccentric wheel 383 sleeved with an output shaft of the first motor 381, and a swinging member 385 engaged with the first eccentric wheel 383, wherein the swinging member 385 is movably inserted into the transmission plate 36. The rotation of the first motor 381 is converted into the linear motion of the transmission plate 36 by the cooperation of the first eccentric 383 and the swinging member 385. Specifically, the transmission plate 36 is moved to a first position (as shown in fig. 13) along the X direction (i.e. the left and right direction shown in the figure) under the action of the first motor 381, the sensor determines whether the first position and the second position are in place, so that the material hole 361 is aligned with the transmission pipe 34 and communicated with the transmission channel 341 to receive the solder 90 conveyed by the transmission channel 341; alternatively, when the nozzle is moved to the second position (as shown in fig. 14), the sensor determines whether the second position is in place, such that the material hole 361 is aligned with the feeding hole 74 of the nozzle 70 to output the received solder 90.

In this embodiment, the first eccentric wheel 383 is protrudingly provided with a first protrusion 384, and the swinging member 385 is formed with a first limiting groove 386 to be inserted into the first protrusion 384. The first projection 384 is offset from the rotational axis of the first eccentric 383 by the drive of the first motor 381. In the illustrated embodiment, the first eccentric 383 has a shaft hole formed at a lower end thereof for being inserted into an output shaft of the first motor 381, and has an upper end extending toward the first limit groove 386 of the swinging member 385 to form the first protrusion 384. The first motor 381 is disposed laterally, and its output shaft extends in the Y direction (i.e., the front-rear direction in the figure). The first eccentric wheel 383 rotates by taking the output shaft of the first motor 381 as an axis under the action of the first motor 381; the first projection 384 revolves around the output shaft of the first motor 381, and is displaced in the X direction and the Z direction (i.e., in the vertical direction in the figure).

The first limit groove 386 is preferably a vertically extending kidney-shaped groove and is disposed at a substantially central position of the pendulum 385. The lateral width of the first limiting groove 386 is equivalent to the width of the first protrusion 384 in the X direction, and the height in the Z direction is larger than the height of the first protrusion 384, so that the first protrusion 384 can move in the Z direction in the first limiting groove 386. Thus, when the first protrusion 384 revolves around the output shaft of the first motor 381 under the driving of the first motor 381, the movement in the Z direction is represented as a sliding movement in the first limit groove 386 relative to the swinging member 385, and the movement in the X direction drives the swinging member 385 to move therewith, so that the swinging member 385 is displaced in the X direction, and further drives the transmission plate 36 to move left and right between the first position and the second position.

In the illustrated embodiment, the top of the swing member 385 is provided with a pivot hole, a shaft 387 is rotatably inserted into the pivot hole, and the end of the shaft 387 is connected to a fixed member, such as a base of the first motor 381. In this way, the swinging member 385 swings left and right about the shaft 387 by the driving of the first motor 381. A clamping block 389 is formed at the bottom of the swinging piece 385 in a protruding mode, a clamping groove 363 is formed in the transmission plate 36, the clamping block 389 is inserted into the clamping groove 363, the swinging piece 385 and the transmission plate 36 are meshed, and the transmission plate 36 can be driven to move left and right when the swinging piece 385 swings left and right. In some embodiments, the locking slot 363 may be disposed on the swinging member 385, and the locking block 389 may be disposed on the transmission plate 36, so that the swinging member 385 can drive the transmission plate 36 to move left and right by the engagement of the locking slot 363 and the locking block 389.

Because of the center of oscillation of the oscillating piece 385, i.e. the shaft 387, is located at the top thereof; the first protrusion 384 is inserted into the first limit groove 386 in the middle of the swing member 385, the latch 389 is located at the bottom of the swing member 385, the latch 389 is located at the radial outer side of the first protrusion 384, the first protrusion 384 can enable the latch 389 and the transmission plate 36 driven by the latch 389 to generate large displacement in the X direction through a small swing angle, the reciprocating speed of the transmission plate 36 is accelerated, the time required by the transmission plate 36 to receive the solder 90 and output the solder 90 is shortened, the time required by the transmission plate 36 to be conveyed to the nozzle 70 is prolonged, and the welding efficiency is improved.

As shown in fig. 6 and 7, a guide plate 40 is further disposed between the transmission plate 36 and the nozzle 70, a guide groove 42 extending in the X direction is formed in the guide plate 40, and the transmission plate 36 is located in the guide groove 42 and slides left and right along the guide groove 42, so as to improve the smoothness of movement. The groove bottom of the guide groove 42 is formed with a first through hole 44 at a position corresponding to the feed opening 74 of the nozzle 70 for communicating the material hole 361 of the transfer plate 36 and the feed opening 74 of the nozzle 70.

Referring to fig. 11 and 12, the second driving assembly 39 is used to drive the bin 32 to reciprocate up and down, so that the solder 90 in the bin 32 is vibrated and dispersed to enter the transfer channels 341 of the transfer pipes 34 one by one. By the up-and-down reciprocating movement of the bin 32, the solder 90 can be prevented from being accumulated in the bin 32 for a long time and being difficult to enter the transfer pipe 34, and the conveying of the solder 90 can be prevented from being influenced. The second drive assembly 39 includes a second electric motor 391, a second eccentric 393 coupled to an output shaft of the second electric motor 391, and a slide 395 coupled to the second eccentric 393. Through the cooperation of second eccentric wheel 393 and slider 395, convert the rotation of second motor 391 into the linear motion of slider 395, and then drive feed bin 32 reciprocating motion from top to bottom fast, form the effect of vibrations feed bin 32.

Specifically, the second eccentric 393 is protrudingly provided with a second convex portion 394, and the second convex portion 394 is offset from the rotational axis center of the second eccentric 393 driven by the second motor 391. Correspondingly, the sliding member 395 is formed with a second limiting groove 396 inserted into the second protrusion 394, and the second limiting groove 396 is preferably a transversely extending kidney-shaped groove hole. In the illustrated embodiment, the second eccentric 393 has an upper end forming a shaft hole connected to the output shaft of the second motor 391 and a lower end extending laterally toward the slider 395 forming the second protrusion 394. The second stopper groove 396 has a lateral width in the Y direction larger than that of the second protrusion 394 and a height in the Z direction equivalent to that of the second protrusion 394 so that the second protrusion 394 is movable in the Y direction within the second stopper groove 396.

The second motor 391 is disposed laterally with its output shaft extending in the X direction. The second eccentric 393 rotates around the output shaft of the second motor 391 as a center shaft by the second motor 391, and the second protrusion 394 revolves around the output shaft of the second motor 391 to displace in the Y direction and the Z direction, wherein the movement in the Y direction is expressed as a slide relative to the slider 395 in the second stopper groove 396 thereof, and the movement in the Z direction drives the slider 395 to move up and down along with the slide. Thus, the rotation of the second motor 391 is converted into the up-and-down movement of the slider 395. In the illustrated embodiment, the top of the slide 395 is provided with a support plate 397, and the bin 32 is carried on the support plate 397 to move up and down with the slide 395.

Preferably, the support plate 397 is formed with a through hole 398 at a position corresponding to the magazine 32, and a bushing 399 is provided in the through hole 398; the outer side of the transfer tube 34 is sleeved with a sleeve 35, and the sleeve 35 can be made of wear-resistant material. The shaft sleeve 399 is sleeved with the sleeve 35, and in the process that the supporting plate 397 pushes the stock bin 32 to move up and down, the sleeve 35 and the shaft sleeve 399 form relative sliding, so that friction can be effectively reduced, and a protection effect on the transmission pipe 34 is achieved. Preferably, a pair of rollers 390 are spaced apart from each other at the bottom of the sliding member 395; the sleeve 35 is grooved on two opposite sides of the outer peripheral surface to form a smooth plane 351, and the two rollers 390 are positioned on the outer side of the sleeve 35 and respectively abut against the smooth plane 351 of the sleeve 35, so that the rollers 390 and the sleeve 35 form rolling friction, and the friction resistance can be effectively reduced while the guiding effect is achieved.

Referring to fig. 4, 13 and 14, the nozzle 70 is provided with a vertical laser channel 76 and an angled solder channel 78. The top end of the laser channel 76 is connected to the laser generator 50 through corresponding components, and the bottom end is the outlet of the nozzle 70. The focused, etc. laser light may be directed down the laser channel 76 toward the exit port 72. The guide plate 40 forms a second through hole 46 penetrating up and down at a position corresponding to the laser channel 76, so as to avoid influencing the transmission of the laser. Alternatively, the guide plate 40 may be provided with a gas hole connected to an external gas supply line for introducing an inert gas such as helium, argon, nitrogen, etc. into the laser passage 76. The top end of the solder channel 78 is the feed opening 74 of the nozzle 70, and the bottom end is in communication with the laser channel 76 at a position near the bottom end of the laser channel 76 and away from the top end of the laser channel 76, i.e., near the outlet 72 of the nozzle 70.

In this way, the laser and the inert gas are delivered along the laser passage 76, the solder 90 is delivered to the outlet 72 along the solder passage 78, the delivery path of the inert gas is separated from the delivery path of the solder 90, and the solder 90 is not affected by the inert gas and does not generate a floating state during the whole delivery process. After passing through the delivery tube 34 and the delivery plate 36, the solder 90 can reach the outlet 72 of the nozzle 70 along the solder channel 78, and then be melted under the action of laser and sprayed to the welding position of the workpiece under the action of inert gas, so that the non-contact welding is realized, and the whole welding operation is rapid, efficient and can be fully automated. The diameter of the outlet 72 may be designed to be slightly smaller than the size of the solder 90 so that the solder 90 delivered to the outlet 72 does not automatically fall out of the outlet 72 without the action of the laser.

The first drive assembly 38 causes the transfer plate 36 to move rapidly laterally between the first and second positions, in the first position its feed hole 361 interfaces with the transfer tube 34 to receive the solder 90, at this time, the material hole 361 is dislocated with the feed opening 74 of the nozzle 70, and the solder 90 falling into the material hole 361 can rapidly move toward the second position along with the transfer plate 36; in the second position, the feed opening 361 interfaces with the feed opening 74 of the nozzle 70 so that the received solder 90 may fall into the solder passage 78 of the nozzle 70. Each material hole 361 is designed to only contain a single solder 90, so that the solder 90 can be sequentially conveyed, the dosage of the solder 90 used in each welding operation can be accurately controlled, the method is particularly suitable for large-batch and automatic operation, and the welding speed is high and the welding effect is good on the whole.

The second drive assembly 39 moves the hopper 32 up and down rapidly to shake the solder material 90 out of the hopper 32 so that the solder material 90 can be fed into the transfer tube 34 and out in a single sequence, further ensuring a dose of solder material 90 for each soldering operation. It should be understood that the solder 90 stacked in the bin 32 may also be shaken by rotation, oscillation, etc. to realize single-particle sequential output of the solder 90, which is not limited to a specific embodiment. In addition, the transfer tube 34 is configured to transfer the solder 90 from the hopper 32 to the transfer plate 36, and in some embodiments, other configurations are possible, such as the transfer tube 34 may be tilted, bent, etc.; alternatively, in some embodiments the transfer plate 36 may also interface directly with the silo 32, omitting the transfer tube 34.

It should be noted that the present application is not limited to the above embodiments, and other changes and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art according to the spirit of the present application, and all changes and modifications made according to the spirit of the present application are intended to be included within the scope of the present application.

Claims (9)

1. The utility model provides a feed mechanism (30), is applied to among the laser welding machine which characterized in that: the feeding mechanism comprises a storage bin for containing solder, a transmission plate butted with the storage bin, a transmission pipe arranged between the storage bin and the transmission plate and a first driving assembly in transmission connection with the transmission plate, the transmission plate is provided with a material hole capable of containing a single solder, the top end of the transmission pipe is inserted into the storage bin and is provided with a gradually expanded guide port, and the bottom end of the transmission pipe is butted on the transmission plate; the aperture of the material hole is matched with the size of the solder, and the inner diameter of the transmission pipe is equivalent to the aperture of the material hole;

the first driving assembly comprises a first motor, a first eccentric wheel driven by the first motor and a swinging piece driven by the first eccentric wheel, an output shaft of the first motor is arranged in an extending mode along the Y direction, and the swinging piece is movably inserted into the transmission plate to drive the transmission plate to transversely move between a first position and a second position along the X direction; when the transmission plate is positioned at the first position, the material hole is communicated with the transmission pipe, and when the transmission plate is positioned at the second position, the material hole is communicated with the solder channel of the nozzle;

the feeding mechanism further comprises a second driving assembly in transmission connection with the bin, the second driving assembly comprises a second motor, a second eccentric wheel driven by the second motor and a sliding piece driven by the second eccentric wheel to move up and down along the Z direction, an output shaft of the second motor extends along the X direction, and the bin is arranged on the sliding piece;

the X direction, the Y direction and the Z direction are mutually vertical, the X direction and the Y direction are positioned on a horizontal plane, and the Z direction is positioned on a vertical direction.

2. The loading mechanism according to claim 1, wherein said first eccentric is provided with a first protrusion, said first protrusion is offset from a rotation axis of said first eccentric driven by said first motor; the swinging piece forms a first limiting groove which is spliced with the first convex part, and the first limiting groove is a longitudinally extending waist-shaped groove.

3. The loading mechanism as claimed in claim 2, wherein the swinging member has a top pivoted with a shaft rod and a bottom inserted into the transmission plate, and the first eccentric wheel drives the swinging member to swing around the shaft rod.

4. The loading mechanism according to claim 3, wherein one of said swinging member and said transmission plate is provided with a protrusion having a catching groove, and the other one of said swinging member and said transmission plate is provided with a catching groove, and said catching groove is engaged with said catching groove.

5. The loading mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a guide plate stacked below the transfer plate; the guide plate is provided with a transverse guide groove, the transmission plate is arranged in the guide groove in a sliding mode, and a first through hole is formed in the bottom of the guide groove.

6. The loading mechanism according to claim 5, wherein a supporting plate is provided on a top of the slider, and the bin is mounted on the supporting plate; the transmission pipe is sleeved with a sleeve pipe, and the sleeve pipe and the transmission pipe are movably arranged in the supporting plate in a penetrating manner; the bottom of the sliding piece is provided with a pair of rollers, a pair of planes are formed on the outer side of the sleeve, and the rollers are clamped at the planes of the sleeve.

7. The loading mechanism according to claim 5, wherein the second eccentric wheel is provided with a second convex part, and the second convex part is deviated from the rotating shaft center of the second eccentric wheel driven by the second motor; the sliding piece is provided with a second limiting groove which is inserted into the second convex part, and the second limiting groove is a transversely extending waist-shaped groove.

8. The utility model provides a laser welding machine, includes the board, set up in feed mechanism on the board, with feed mechanism complex laser generator and with the nozzle of feed mechanism and laser generator butt joint, its characterized in that: the feeding mechanism is the feeding mechanism of any one of claims 1 to 7, the nozzle is provided with a solder channel, and the material hole is communicated with the solder channel when the transmission plate of the feeding mechanism is at the second position.

9. The laser welder according to claim 8, characterized in that said nozzle is further provided with a laser channel, said laser channel extending vertically; the solder channel extends obliquely, the top end of the solder channel is butted with the transmission plate, and the bottom end of the solder channel is connected with the laser channel and is close to the bottom of the laser channel and far away from the top of the laser channel.

Images