CN114831192B - Yellow tea processing technology and equipment - Google Patents
Yellow tea processing technology and equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN114831192B CN114831192B CN202210567094.5A CN202210567094A CN114831192B CN 114831192 B CN114831192 B CN 114831192B CN 202210567094 A CN202210567094 A CN 202210567094A CN 114831192 B CN114831192 B CN 114831192B
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- 235000020338 yellow tea Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 183
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013616 tea Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 119
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 13
- 235000011389 fruit/vegetable juice Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 235000019640 taste Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 abstract description 6
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000009849 deactivation Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241001122767 Theaceae Species 0.000 abstract 11
- 244000269722 Thea sinensis Species 0.000 description 109
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000009960 carding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000013824 polyphenols Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000019658 bitter taste Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- -1 polyphenol compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000010415 tidying Methods 0.000 description 2
- PFTAWBLQPZVEMU-DZGCQCFKSA-N (+)-catechin Chemical compound C1([C@H]2OC3=CC(O)=CC(O)=C3C[C@@H]2O)=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 PFTAWBLQPZVEMU-DZGCQCFKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000030523 Catechol oxidase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010031396 Catechol oxidase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013124 brewing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- ADRVNXBAWSRFAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N catechin Natural products OC1Cc2cc(O)cc(O)c2OC1c3ccc(O)c(O)c3 ADRVNXBAWSRFAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000005487 catechin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229930002875 chlorophyll Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000019804 chlorophyll Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ATNHDLDRLWWWCB-AENOIHSZSA-M chlorophyll a Chemical compound C1([C@@H](C(=O)OC)C(=O)C2=C3C)=C2N2C3=CC(C(CC)=C3C)=[N+]4C3=CC3=C(C=C)C(C)=C5N3[Mg-2]42[N+]2=C1[C@@H](CCC(=O)OC\C=C(/C)CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@H](C)C2=C5 ATNHDLDRLWWWCB-AENOIHSZSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229950001002 cianidanol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002255 enzymatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000009569 green tea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002932 luster Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000008442 polyphenolic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001052 yellow pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004383 yellowing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23F—COFFEE; TEA; THEIR SUBSTITUTES; MANUFACTURE, PREPARATION, OR INFUSION THEREOF
- A23F3/00—Tea; Tea substitutes; Preparations thereof
- A23F3/06—Treating tea before extraction; Preparations produced thereby
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23F—COFFEE; TEA; THEIR SUBSTITUTES; MANUFACTURE, PREPARATION, OR INFUSION THEREOF
- A23F3/00—Tea; Tea substitutes; Preparations thereof
- A23F3/06—Treating tea before extraction; Preparations produced thereby
- A23F3/12—Rolling or shredding tea leaves
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/90—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in food processing or handling, e.g. food conservation
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Tea And Coffee (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a yellow tea processing technology and equipment, comprising leaf spreading, enzyme deactivation, rolling and drying; s1, placing picked tea leaves on a screen, and ventilating by a fan to change the water content of the tea leaves; s2, deactivating enzymes of the tea leaves subjected to leaf spreading in the step 1; s3, placing the tea leaves subjected to fixation in the step 2 into a negative pressure rolling disc, and ventilating the negative pressure rolling disc at intervals while keeping negative pressure in the rolling process so as to adjust the temperature and humidity in the rolling disc; s4, drying the tea leaves in the step 3, and arranging the tea leaves before and during rolling, so that damage to the appearance of the tea leaves can be reduced, meanwhile, the effect of leaching and attaching juice on the surface of the tea leaves can be improved by setting negative pressure, and the effect of curling and arranging the tea leaves is further improved, so that the quality of the tea leaves is improved, and the aroma and the taste of the tea leaves can be rapidly unfolded during brewing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of yellow tea processing, in particular to a yellow tea processing technology and equipment.
Background
Yellow tea is a popular tea, green tea is subjected to yellow-sealing through a unique yellow-sealing process, the total amount of polyphenol compounds of the yellow tea is reduced under the action of damp and hot, C-EGCG and L-EGC are greatly reduced, and the bitter taste of the polyphenol compounds is changed by automatically oxidizing and isomerizing ester catechin, so that the yellow tea has special golden color and luster, and is more sweet and mellow in tea taste;
the existing yellow tea process has different yellow piling processes, but no yellow tea making process and equipment capable of simultaneously carrying out strip tidying, rolling and yellow sealing processes exist, and the existing tea making equipment still needs to extrude tea juice through crushing tea cells in the rolling process, so that the appearance of the tea leaves is more damaged, the quality of the tea leaves is damaged, the precipitation of the tea juice is relatively less, and the tea taste is slowly developed in the brewing process.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention aims to provide a yellow tea processing technology which comprises leaf spreading, fixation, rolling and drying;
s1, placing picked tea leaves on a screen, and ventilating by a fan to change the water content of the tea leaves;
s2, deactivating enzymes of the tea leaves subjected to leaf spreading in the step 1;
s3, placing the tea leaves subjected to fixation in the step 2 into a negative pressure rolling disc, and ventilating the negative pressure rolling disc at intervals while keeping negative pressure in the rolling process so as to adjust the temperature and humidity in the rolling disc;
s4, drying the tea leaves in the step 3.
As a further improvement of the above scheme:
preferably, in the step 1, the water content of the tea leaves obtained by spreading leaves by a fan is 25-30%.
Preferably, in the step 3, the rolling time is 4-5h, the relative humidity in the negative pressure rolling disc is kept to be 70-80%, and the temperature is 40-50 ℃.
Preferably, the carding is performed before the twisting with the twisting disc in the step 3, so that one end of the tea leaves faces towards the center of the twisting disc and the other end of the tea leaves is far away from the center of the twisting disc.
Preferably, the yellow tea processing equipment comprises a bottom rolling disc, a top rolling disc and a pressure regulating ventilation device, wherein the bottom rolling disc and the top rolling disc can reciprocate up and down;
the bottom rolling disc comprises a shell fixedly connected with a mounting frame body, a mounting plate fixedly connected with a motor output shaft is rotatably connected in the shell through a bearing, a first mounting ring and a second mounting ring are fixedly arranged on the mounting plate, a plurality of rolling strips are slidably connected on the first mounting ring and the second mounting ring, rolling plates are arranged between the rolling strips, the rolling plates are fixedly connected with the first mounting ring and the second mounting ring, one end, facing the inside, of each rolling strip is connected with an air extraction device for exhausting air inside the shell through reciprocating motion, teeth are arranged on two side walls of each rolling strip, first half gears and second half gears facing the same are further arranged on two sides of each rolling strip, only one of the first half gears and the second half gears are meshed with the teeth on two side walls of each rolling strip, the first half gears and the second half gears are fixedly connected with the first gears and the second gears respectively, the first gears and the second gears are connected with the mounting plate through rotating shafts and the bearings, and the first half gears and the mounting plate are fixedly connected with the air vent device on the shell through the mounting plate.
Preferably, the first gear and the second gear are oriented opposite to the adjacent first gear and second gear.
Preferably, the housing peripheral wall end is also provided with a resilient sealing structure comprising an annular extension which is inclined towards a direction facing away from the housing bottom.
Preferably, the air exhaust device comprises a piston cylinder, a piston and a piston rod, the piston rod is fixedly connected with the rolling strip, the tail end of the piston cylinder is connected with a one-way air inlet valve and a one-way air outlet valve, one ends of the one-way air inlet valve and the one-way air outlet valve are communicated with the tail end of the piston cylinder, the other first end of the one-way air inlet valve is communicated with the inner space of the shell, and the other end of the one-way air outlet valve extends out of the shell and is communicated with the outside of the shell.
Preferably, the pressure regulating ventilation device comprises a closed cylinder body, wherein liquid is contained in the closed cylinder body, the liquid level of the liquid is lower than the height of a pipe orifice of the air outlet pipe, an air inlet pipe is further inserted into the top of the closed cylinder body, and a gap is reserved between the tail end of the air inlet pipe and the bottom of the closed cylinder body.
Preferably, a heating device is arranged in the sealing cylinder, and the pipeline is also connected with a humidity adjusting device.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. after negative pressure is added, the damage to tea leaves in the rolling process is reduced, the effect of separating out tea juice is improved, the tea juice is attached to the surface of a tea strip, the viscosity is increased, the tea leaves are curled into strips more easily in the rolling process, the tea leaves are more tightly and tightly, meanwhile, the tea products are better after the tea leaves are rolled and are unfolded more completely after being brewed, and the tea color and taste aroma can be displayed more quickly after being brewed after being dried due to the reduction of the damage to the tea leaves;
2. before the rolling disc is used for rolling, carding is carried out firstly, one end of tea leaves is far away from the center of the rolling disc towards the other end of the center of the rolling disc, the tea leaves can be smoothly rolled into curled strips in the rolling process by carding, the appearance damage is less, and the tea juice is leached and attached to the surface of the tea leaves by negative pressure setting, so that the curled strips are easier;
3. the motor frame drives the bottom rolling disc to rotate in a reciprocating manner, so that the rolling strips extend into and out of the bottom rolling disc, and meanwhile, the bottom rolling disc rotates in a quick reciprocating manner, so that tea leaves in the bottom rolling disc can be tidied, the tea leaves on the rolling plate are arranged approximately in parallel with the rolling strips, the subsequent rolling process can be smoother, damage to the surface of the tea leaves can be reduced, and meanwhile, the tea leaves can be curled into strips more smoothly;
4. the bottom rolling disc and the top rolling disc capable of vertically reciprocating are used for forming a sealed rolling cavity, the bottom rolling disc and the top rolling disc are driven to rotate through different motors, the rotating speed of the motors is controlled, so that the bottom rolling disc and the top rolling disc are rotated relatively, tea leaves between the bottom rolling disc and the top rolling disc can be rolled, rolling strips can be driven to extend into and extend out of the bottom rolling disc and the top rolling disc in a reciprocating manner in the rotating process, the moving directions of two adjacent rolling strips are opposite, the tea leaves are further kept in parallel with the rolling strips in the rolling process, the tea leaves are not disordered in the rolling process, the rolling strips are moved to drive a piston to move, air in the rolling cavity is discharged, the tea leaves can be prevented from being adhered to the surface of the tea leaves after being pressed, the tea leaves are prevented from being broken, the tea leaves can be unfolded, the tea leaves can be dried, and the tea leaves can be more completely and completely rolled after being dried.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an overall structural view of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is one of the partial enlarged views of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a second enlarged view of a portion of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a third enlarged view of a portion of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a fourth enlarged view of a portion of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a fifth partial enlarged view of the present invention.
Reference numerals: 1. a top twisting plate; 2. an annular extension edge; 3. a bottom twisting plate; 4. a motor; 5. a closed cylinder; 501. an air inlet pipe; 6. a humidity adjusting device; 7. twisting the plate; 8. twisting the strips; 801. teeth; 9. an air extracting device; 901. a one-way air inlet valve; 902. a one-way air outlet valve; 903. a piston rod; 10. a gear ring; 11. a first half gear; 12. a second half gear; 13. a first gear; 14. a second gear; 15. a mounting plate; 16. a second mounting ring; 17. a first mounting ring.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments.
In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more; the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," "front," "rear," "head," "tail," and the like are used as an orientation or positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the invention and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
Examples:
1-6, a yellow tea processing technology comprises leaf spreading, enzyme deactivation, rolling and drying;
s1, placing picked tea leaves on a screen, and ventilating by a fan to change the water content of the tea leaves; therefore, the water content of the tea leaves is more balanced and unified, the tea leaves are more balanced in fixation, and meanwhile, the fixation effect is controlled by controlling the water content, so that the tea leaves are fried to be fragrant and the tea leaves are prevented from being fried to be old.
S2, deactivating enzymes of the tea leaves subjected to leaf spreading in the step 1; the tea leaves are changed from hard to soft by enzyme deactivation and reduction of the moisture of the tea leaves, so that the tea leaves are convenient to knead and shape, meanwhile, the tea leaves are fried to have fragrance, the activity of polyphenol oxidase in fresh leaves is destroyed, and the enzymatic oxidation of polyphenols is inhibited.
S3, placing the tea leaves subjected to fixation in the step 2 into a negative pressure rolling disc, and ventilating the negative pressure rolling disc at intervals while keeping negative pressure in the rolling process so as to adjust the temperature and humidity in the rolling disc; after negative pressure is added, the damage to tea leaves in the rolling process is reduced, the effect of separating out tea juice is improved, the tea juice is attached to the surface of a tea strip, the viscosity is increased, the tea leaves are curled into strips more easily in the rolling process, the tea leaves are more tightly and tightly, meanwhile, the tea products are better after the tea leaves are rolled and are unfolded more completely after being brewed, and the tea color and taste aroma can be displayed more quickly after being brewed after being dried due to the reduction of the damage to the tea leaves; simultaneously, air is introduced in the rolling process, and the temperature and the humidity are controlled, so that chlorophyll of the tea is partially decomposed and converted into pheophytin, the green of the tea is removed, the yellow pigment is exposed, and the sugar and amino acid are converted, so that the bitterness can be reduced, and the taste of the yellow tea is more sweet and mellow.
S4, drying the tea leaves in the step 3.
In the step 1, the water content of the tea leaves obtained by spreading leaves through a fan is 25-30%, and when the water content of the tea leaves of different varieties is 25-30%, the prepared yellow tea is best in tea taste and mellow.
In the step 3, the rolling time is 4-5h, the relative humidity in the negative pressure rolling disc is kept to be 70-80%, the temperature is 40-50 ℃, the yellowing process of tea leaves can be controlled by controlling the temperature and humidity, meanwhile, the fragrance and taste alcohol thickness of tea leaf samples can be different in different rolling and steaming time, when the rolling time is 4-5h, the relative humidity is 70-80%, and when the temperature is 40-50 ℃, the tea leaves are rolled and steaming, the tea leaves are mellow most, and no water steaming taste exists.
Before using the rolling disc to roll in step 3, reason strip is carried out first for tealeaves one end is kept away from the rolling disc center towards rolling disc center other end, reason strip through to tealeaves for tealeaves is rolled into curling strip more smoothly in the rolling process, and the outward appearance destroys more feebly, sets up through the negative pressure for tealeaves juice leaches and attaches on the tealeaves surface, thereby makes curling strip easier.
A yellow tea processing device comprises a bottom rolling disc 3, a top rolling disc 1 and a pressure-regulating ventilation device, wherein the bottom rolling disc 3 and the top rolling disc 1 can reciprocate up and down;
the bottom rolling disc 3 comprises a shell fixedly connected with a mounting frame body, a mounting plate 15 fixedly connected with an output shaft of a motor 4 is rotatably connected in the shell through a bearing, a first mounting ring 17 and a second mounting ring 16 are fixedly arranged on the mounting plate 15, a plurality of rolling strips 8 are slidably connected on the first mounting ring 17 and the second mounting ring 16, the rolling strips 8 are embedded and slidably connected with dovetail sliding grooves on the first mounting ring 17 and the second mounting ring 16 through dovetail sliding seats, or other sliding seats and sliding grooves can be used for matching and embedding and slidably connected, rolling plates 7 are arranged between the rolling strips 8, the rolling plates 7 are fixedly connected with the first mounting ring 17 and the second mounting ring 16, one end of the rolling strips 8 facing the inside is connected with an air extractor 9 for extracting air inside the shell through reciprocating motion and discharging the air outside the shell, teeth 801 are arranged on two side walls of the rolling strips 8, the two sides of the rolling bar 8 are also provided with a first half gear 11 and a second half gear 12 which face the same direction, one of the first half gear 11 and the second half gear 12 is meshed with teeth 801 on the two side walls of the rolling bar 8, the first half gear 11 and the second half gear 12 are respectively and fixedly connected with a first gear 13 and a second gear 14, the first gear 13 and the second gear 14 are rotationally connected with a mounting plate 15 through a rotating shaft and a bearing, the first gear 13 and the second gear 14 are meshed with a gear ring 10 fixed on a shell, the shell is connected with a pressure-regulating ventilation device through a pipeline, the bottom rolling disc 3 is driven to rotate reciprocally through a motor 4 frame so that the rolling bar 8 stretches into and stretches out, and simultaneously the bottom rolling disc 3 rotates reciprocally fast, so that tea leaves in the bottom plate rolling disc can be tidied, the tea leaves on the rolling plate 7 are approximately parallel to the rolling strips 8, so that the subsequent rolling process is smoother, the damage to the surface of the tea leaves can be reduced, the tea leaves are curled into strips more smoothly, and the tea products are better after the tea leaves are rolled;
the bottom rolling disc 3 and the top rolling disc 1 capable of vertically reciprocating are used for forming a sealed rolling cavity, the bottom rolling disc 3 and the top rolling disc 1 are driven to rotate by different motors 4, relative rotation is achieved between the bottom rolling disc 3 and the top rolling disc 1 by controlling the rotation speed of the motors 4, tea leaves between the bottom rolling disc 3 and the top rolling disc 1 can be rolled, rolling strips 8 can be driven to extend into and extend out in a reciprocating manner in a rotating process, and the moving directions of two adjacent rolling strips 8 are opposite, so that the tea leaves and the rolling strips 8 are further kept in a parallel arrangement in a rolling process, the tea leaves are not disordered in the rolling process, the rolling strips 8 move smoothly, a piston is driven to move by the movement of the rolling strips 8, air in the rolling cavity is discharged, the rolling cavity is negative pressure is formed, the leaching effect of tea juice can be improved, the tea juice is attached to the surface, the tea leaves can be rolled into a full color and a rolling strip, the tea leaves can be dried and the tea leaves are more completely and completely rolled, the tea leaves are more completely rolled, the tea leaves are dried, and the tea leaves are more completely rolled.
The directions of the first gear 13 and the second gear 14 are opposite to those of the adjacent first gear 13 and second gear 14, so that the moving directions of the adjacent rolling strips 8 are opposite, and the tea leaves can be prevented from being carried away from the rolling plate 7 by the same-direction movement while the tea leaves are subjected to strip tidying.
The end of the peripheral wall of the shell is also provided with an elastic sealing structure, the elastic sealing structure comprises an annular extending edge 2, the annular extending edge 2 is obliquely arranged, the inclination of the annular extending edge 2 faces the direction away from the bottom of the shell, the sealing performance of the shell is improved, the sealing performance is better after the bottom rolling disc 3 and the top rolling disc 1 are attached together, and tea leaves can be subjected to smoldering and yellow operation simultaneously in the rolling process.
The air extractor 9 comprises a piston cylinder, a piston and a piston rod 903, the piston rod 903 is fixedly connected with the rolling strip 8, the tail end of the piston cylinder is connected with a one-way air inlet valve 901 and a one-way air outlet valve 902, one end of the one-way air inlet valve 901 and one end of the one-way air outlet valve 902 are communicated with the tail end of the piston cylinder, the other first end of the one-way air inlet valve 901 is communicated with the inner space of the shell, the other end of the one-way air outlet valve 902 extends out of the shell and is communicated with the outside of the shell, and the air extractor 9 is used for driving the piston to move by the movement of the rolling strip 8 so as to extract air in the rolling cavity, so that negative pressure is formed in the rolling cavity.
The pressure regulating ventilation device comprises a closed cylinder body 5, liquid is contained in the closed cylinder body 5, the liquid level of the liquid is lower than the height of a pipe orifice of an air outlet pipe, an air inlet pipe 501 is further inserted into the top of the closed cylinder body, a gap is reserved between the tail end of the air inlet pipe 501 and the bottom of the closed cylinder body, a constant negative pressure value in a rolling cavity can be adjusted by adjusting the liquid level, the air inflow can be adjusted when the diameter of the air inlet pipe 501 changes, and the time for introducing the air interval in the rolling cavity can be adjusted by adjusting the connection number of the rolling strips 8 and the piston rod 903.
The sealing cylinder is internally provided with a heating device, the pipeline is also connected with a humidity adjusting device 6, the humidity of the introduced gas can be adjusted through the humidity adjusting device 6, and the temperature of the liquid in the sealing cylinder can be controlled through the heating device, so that the temperature of the introduced gas is controlled.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
firstly spreading the freshly picked tea leaves on a screen, arranging an air duct at the lower part of the screen, connecting the tail end of the air duct with a fan, ventilating the lower part of the screen through the fan, manually turning over fresh tea leaves, and airing the tea leaves by wind power brought by the fan in the turning process, so that the water content of the tea leaves is balanced, and the water content of the tea leaves is kept at 25-30%;
after the leaf making water content is finished, carrying out a fixation step, and stir-frying and fixation are carried out on the tea leaves with the leaf making water content of 25-30% through a frying pan;
after completing fixation, placing tea leaves into a bottom rolling disc 3, uniformly placing the tea leaves on a rolling plate 7, starting a motor 4 of the bottom rolling disc 3, enabling the motor 4 to rotate at intervals in the forward and reverse directions, enabling a rolling strip 8 to extend in a reciprocating manner when the motor 4 rotates in the forward and reverse directions, enabling the tea leaves on the rolling plate 7 to receive inertia force in the tangential direction of the rolling disc and friction force of the rolling strip 8 extending in the reciprocating manner at the same time, and therefore carding the tea leaves, and enabling the tea leaves to be approximately parallel to the rolling strip 8;
the top rolling disc 1 is driven to move downwards, so that the shells of the bottom rolling disc 3 and the top rolling disc 1 are in sealing and pressing connection, a sealed rolling cavity is formed by the bottom rolling disc 3 and the top rolling disc 1, the rotating speed and the rotating direction of a motor 4 of the bottom rolling disc 3 and the top rolling disc 1 are adjusted, the rotating speed difference between the bottom rolling disc 3 and the top rolling disc 1 can be adjusted, the bottom rolling disc 3 and the top rolling disc 1 relatively rotate, and tea leaves between the bottom rolling disc 3 and the top rolling disc 1 are subjected to rolling action;
when the motor 4 is started, the motor 4 drives the mounting plate 15, the first mounting ring 17, the second mounting ring 16, the rolling strips 8 and the rolling plate 7 to rotate, the first gear 13 and the second gear 14 which are mounted on the mounting plate 15 are rotated to generate relative displacement with the gear ring 10, so as to drive the first gear 13 and the second gear 14 to rotate, the first gear 13 and the second gear 14 rotate to drive the first half teeth and the second half teeth to rotate, the first half teeth and the second half teeth are meshed with the teeth 801 on two sides of the rolling strips 8 at intervals in the rotating process, so that the rolling strips 8 are driven to reciprocate, and the first half teeth and the second half teeth on two sides of the adjacent rolling strips 8 are driven to reciprocate in opposite directions, so that the piston rod 903 drives the piston to do piston motion in the piston cylinder, and gas in the rolling cavity is pumped out to the outside through the piston motion, so that negative pressure is formed in the rolling cavity, and the negative pressure cavity is formed, and then the air level is continuously reduced to the air inlet pipe 501 through the air inlet pipe 501 and the air inlet pipe 501 continuously rotates along with the top of the air inlet pipe 1, and the top of the air inlet pipe 501 continuously rotates along with the top of the air inlet pipe 1, and the bottom of the top of the air inlet pipe 1 is continuously reduced;
the inside of the airtight cylinder 5 is also provided with a heating device, so that the liquid in the airtight cylinder 5 can be heated to a proper temperature, the external air can be washed by the liquid in the airtight cylinder 5 after entering the airtight cylinder 5, impurities in the air can be removed, the temperature of the air can be increased at the same time, the hot and humid air can pass through the humidity adjusting device 6 after passing through the pipeline, the humidity adjusting device 6 is a market conventional product, and the air is introduced into the bottom rolling disc 3 and the top rolling disc 1 to form a sealed rolling cavity after the hot and humid air is adjusted, so that the bottom rolling disc 3 and the top rolling disc 1 form the sealed rolling cavity to keep the temperature and humidity of yellow, and the yellow-sealing operation can be performed at the same time of rolling;
the negative pressure intensity in the rolling cavity can be controlled by controlling the liquid level of the closed cylinder 5;
the exhaust speed can be adjusted by adjusting the number of piston rods 903 connected with the rolling strips 8;
the time interval of air ventilation into the rolling cavity can be further adjusted by adjusting the exhaust speed;
the interval between air introduction into the rolling chamber and the amount of air introduced can be adjusted by adjusting the diameter of the air inlet pipe 501.
The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, since modifications, equivalent changes, improvements, etc. made in accordance with the claims of the present invention still fall within the scope of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. A yellow tea processing device is characterized in that: comprises a bottom rolling disc with the same structure, a top rolling disc capable of reciprocating up and down and a pressure-regulating ventilation device;
the bottom rolling disc comprises a shell fixedly connected with a mounting frame body, a mounting plate fixedly connected with a motor output shaft is rotationally connected in the shell through a bearing, a first mounting ring and a second mounting ring are fixedly arranged on the mounting plate, a plurality of rolling strips are slidingly connected on the first mounting ring and the second mounting ring, rolling plates are arranged between the rolling strips, the rolling plates are fixedly connected with the first mounting ring and the second mounting ring, one end of the rolling strips facing the inside is connected with an air extraction device for exhausting air inside the shell to the outside through reciprocating motion, teeth are arranged on two side walls of the rolling strips, a first half gear and a second half gear facing the same are also arranged on two sides of the rolling strips, one of the first half gear and the second half gear is meshed with the teeth on two side walls of the rolling strips, the first half gear and the second half gear are respectively and fixedly connected with the first gear and the second gear, the first gear and the second gear are rotationally connected with the mounting plate through a rotating shaft and a bearing, the first gear and the second gear are meshed with a gear ring fixed on the shell, the shell is connected with a pressure-regulating ventilation device through a pipeline, the air extraction device comprises a piston cylinder, a piston and a piston rod, the piston rod is fixedly connected with a rolling tightening strip, the tail end of the piston cylinder is connected with a one-way air inlet valve and a one-way air outlet valve, one ends of the one-way air inlet valve and the one-way air outlet valve are communicated with the tail end of the piston cylinder, the other first end of the one-way air inlet valve is communicated with the inner space of the shell, the other end of the one-way air outlet valve extends out of the shell and is communicated with the outside of the shell, the pressure-regulating ventilation device comprises a closed cylinder body, liquid is contained in the closed cylinder, the liquid level of the liquid is lower than the height of the pipe orifice of the air outlet pipe, the top of the airtight cylinder is also inserted with an air inlet pipe, and a gap is reserved between the tail end of the air inlet pipe and the bottom of the airtight cylinder.
2. A yellow tea processing device according to claim 1, wherein: the first gear and the second gear are opposite to the adjacent first gear and second gear.
3. A yellow tea processing device according to claim 1, wherein: the shell peripheral wall end is also provided with an elastic sealing structure, the elastic sealing structure comprises an annular extending edge, the annular extending edge is obliquely arranged, and the inclination of the annular extending edge faces the direction deviating from the bottom of the shell.
4. A yellow tea processing device according to claim 1, wherein: the closed cylinder is internally provided with a heating device, and the pipeline is also connected with a humidity adjusting device.
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| CN202210567094.5A CN114831192B (en) | 2022-05-23 | 2022-05-23 | Yellow tea processing technology and equipment |
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| CN202210567094.5A CN114831192B (en) | 2022-05-23 | 2022-05-23 | Yellow tea processing technology and equipment |
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