CN114504636B - Almond oil scald ointment and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Almond oil scald ointment and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of scald plaster, and discloses almond oil scald plaster and a preparation method and application thereof. The method comprises the following steps: 1) Reacting semen Armeniacae amarum with protease, centrifuging, and collecting supernatant fluid which is oleum Armeniacae amarum; filtering the lower layer liquid, and drying to obtain almond polypeptide; 2) Reacting apricot pulp with polysaccharide hydrolase to obtain apricot oligosaccharide; 3) Reacting almond oil with lipase, adding water-insoluble organic solvent and apricot oligosaccharide, and continuing to react to obtain almond oil-apricot oligosaccharide conjugate; 4) Respectively preparing almond polypeptide and almond oil apricot oligosaccharide conjugate into dispersion liquid; and mixing the almond polypeptide dispersion liquid and the almond oil-apricot oligosaccharide conjugate dispersion liquid under the stirring condition, and filtering the mixture to obtain the almond oil scald ointment. The scald ointment of the invention can prevent infection, regulate the fat, sugar and protein metabolism balance of subcutaneous tissues, thereby reducing scar formation while promoting wound healing. The scald ointment of the invention is used for preparing medicines for preventing and treating scalds and repairing scars.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of medicines, and particularly relates to almond oil scald ointment and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Burns and scalds are tissue injuries caused by flames, high-temperature steam or liquid and the like, mainly skin or mucous membrane, and can seriously hurt subcutaneous tissues. Can cause local pain, skin redness and swelling, blisters, breakage, etc. The wound surface treatment and timely administration can effectively relieve the continuous damage and accelerate the recovery, but improper administration not only delays the recovery, but also can generate scars. Scar is formed by abnormal accumulation and arrangement of scar collagen fibers due to disturbance of collagen synthesis and decomposition function caused by local microenvironment change during wound healing. The commonly used medicines include anti-infective medicines, anti-decay and myogenic medicines, such as antibiotics, some blood circulation promoting and stasis removing and nourishing traditional Chinese medicines, and the like, can not change the metabolic balance of collagen, so even if inflammation is controlled and hyperplasia is promoted, the scar can not be necessarily eliminated.
The almond oil has the effect of protecting skin, and CN104288828A, CN105169463A discloses a dressing containing the almond oil, which can be used for treating scalds, but the pure grease only has the effect of isolating air to prevent wound infection, and cannot improve the microenvironment of injured tissues in terms of subcutaneous tissue nutrition metabolism.
The almond oil is reassembled with other components in the almond to prepare the ointment for improving the tissue metabolism microenvironment of burns and scalds so as to accelerate repair and reduce scar generation, and has good clinical application value.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects and shortcomings in the prior art, the primary purpose of the invention is to provide almond oil scald ointment and a preparation method thereof.
The invention also aims at providing an application of the almond oil scald ointment in preparing a medicament for preventing and treating scalds.
The aim of the invention is achieved by the following technical scheme.
An almond oil scald ointment is a nanoemulsion composed of almond oil apricot oligosaccharide conjugate as a shell and almond polypeptide as a core.
The preparation method of the almond oil scald ointment comprises the following steps:
1) Reacting semen Armeniacae amarum with protease in buffer solution with pH of 5-9, centrifuging, and collecting the supernatant which is oleum Armeniacae amarum; filtering the lower liquid film, and drying the filtrate to obtain almond polypeptide; the protease is preferably an immobilized protease; the dosage of the immobilized protease is 1-10% of the mass of the almond; the dosage of the buffer solution is 8-30 times of the mass of the almond; the reaction condition is that the reaction is carried out for 1-3 hours at the temperature of 40-60 ℃; the centrifugation condition is 3000-5000 rpm for 30-60min; the membrane filtration means filtration with a membrane having a molecular weight cut-off of 5-20 kDa; the drying is freeze drying, the freeze drying time is 24-48h, and the freeze drying temperature is-20 to-50 ℃;
2) Reacting apricot pulp with polysaccharide hydrolase in a buffer solution with pH of 5-9, filtering, and drying the filtrate to obtain apricot oligosaccharide; the polysaccharide hydrolase is immobilized polysaccharide hydrolase (namely, the polysaccharide hydrolase is immobilized), and the dosage of the immobilized polysaccharide hydrolase is 0.5-5% of the mass of apricot pulp; the dosage of the buffer solution is 8-30 times of the mass of apricot pulp; the reaction condition is that the reaction is carried out for 1-3 hours at the temperature of 40-60 ℃; the drying is freeze drying, the freeze drying time is 24-48h, and the freeze drying temperature is-20 to-50 ℃;
3) In a buffer solution with pH of 5-9, the almond oil reacts with lipase, water-insoluble organic solvent and apricot oligosaccharide are added, the reaction is continued, standing and supernatant fluid is dried, and the almond oil-apricot oligosaccharide conjugate is obtained;
4) Respectively preparing almond polypeptide and almond oil apricot oligosaccharide conjugate into dispersion liquid by adopting buffer solution; and mixing the almond polypeptide dispersion liquid and the almond oil-apricot oligosaccharide conjugate dispersion liquid under the stirring condition, filtering the mixture, and drying the mixture to obtain the almond oil scald ointment.
The buffer solution in the step 1) to the step 4) is one of acetic acid buffer solution, phosphate buffer solution and Tris-HCl buffer solution.
The almond in the step 1) is crushed and sieved by a 10-30 mesh sieve before being used.
The immobilized protease in the step 1) is more than one of neutral protease, alkaline protease and papain adsorbed or crosslinked on a water-insoluble carrier.
The immobilized polysaccharide hydrolase in the step 2) is one or more of fructose, lactase and glucanase adsorbed or crosslinked on a water-insoluble carrier.
The water-insoluble carrier is mesoporous silica.
The immobilized protease or immobilized polysaccharide hydrolase is prepared by the following method: preparing protease or polysaccharide hydrolase into a solution by adopting a buffer solution to obtain a protease buffer solution or a polysaccharide hydrolase buffer solution; mixing protease buffer solution or polysaccharide hydrolase buffer solution with water insoluble carrier, adding crosslinking agent, reacting, and filtering to obtain immobilized protease or immobilized polysaccharide hydrolase. The mass concentration of the protease buffer solution or the polysaccharide hydrolase buffer solution is 0.5-2%; the dosage of the water-insoluble carrier is 6-15 times of the mass of the protease or polysaccharide hydrolase;
the cross-linking agent is glutaraldehyde, and the dosage of the cross-linking agent is 2-4% of the mass of the carrier.
The reaction condition is that the reaction is carried out for 10-14h at 40-60 ℃.
The water-insoluble organic solvent in the step 3) is more than one of ethyl acetate, petroleum ether and cyclohexane.
The amount of the lipase in the step 3) is 5-10% of the mass of the almond oil; the consumption of the buffer solution is 8-30 times of the mass of the almond oil; the reaction condition is that the reaction is carried out for 1-3 hours at the temperature of 40-60 ℃; the dosage of the water-insoluble organic solvent is 5-10 times of the mass of the almond oil; the mass ratio of the apricot oligosaccharide to the almond oil is (0.5-1.5): 1, a step of; the reaction continuing time is 1-3h; the standing time is 8-24 hours; the drying is vacuum drying, and the conditions of the vacuum drying are as follows: concentrating and drying at 40-60deg.C under 0.01-0.1MPa for 3-8 hr;
the mass ratio of the almond polypeptide to the almond oil apricot oligosaccharide conjugate in the step 4) is 1: (5-20).
The stirring rotation speed in the step 4) is 5000-20000 revolutions/min; the mixing is stirring mixing, and the mixing time is 10-60min; the mixing refers to adding the almond polypeptide dispersion into the almond oil-apricot oligosaccharide conjugate dispersion, stirring and mixing.
The microporous filter membrane in the step 4) is a microporous filter membrane with the diameter of 0.1-0.5 mu m.
The buffer solution in the step 4) is a buffer solution with the pH value of 5-9; the dispersions each have a concentration of 5 to 10% by weight.
The drying in step 4) is freeze drying.
The almond oil scald ointment can be applied to preparation of medicines for preventing and treating scalds, and can regulate subcutaneous tissue fat, sugar and protein metabolism balance while preventing infection, thereby promoting wound healing and reducing scar formation.
The principle of the invention is as follows: extracting almond oil from almond by using buffer solution containing immobilized protease, ultrafiltering the residual solution to obtain almond polypeptide, and extracting apricot pulp by using buffer solution containing immobilized polysaccharide hydrolase to obtain apricot oligosaccharide. The almond oil is hydrolyzed to fatty acids by lipase and forms a conjugate with apricot oligosaccharides. Because the hydrophobic part of the almond oil apricot oligosaccharide conjugate is connected with the hydrophobic group of the almond polypeptide, the nano-structure with the almond oil apricot oligosaccharide conjugate as a shell and the almond polypeptide as a core is formed. The structure makes it easy to enter tissue cell and release polypeptide, oligosaccharide and fatty acid under the action of intracellular enzyme, so that the level of polypeptide, sugar and fat in cell can be regulated to avoid excessive synthesis of collagen and formation of scar.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and effects:
(1) The invention prepares the nano preparation of the almond oil-apricot oligosaccharide conjugate coated with the almond polypeptide, which is beneficial to skin penetration and cell absorption.
(2) The invention overcomes the defect that the effects of grease, polysaccharide and polypeptide are single and the metabolism cannot be regulated, and the formed nano-emulsion can improve the metabolic microenvironment of the burn and scald tissues, inhibit the excessive proliferation of collagen and reduce the generation of scars.
(3) The invention has mild reaction condition and is easy for industrial production.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
The immobilized enzyme used in the following examples was obtained by adding 10 times by mass of mesoporous silica to 1wt% of an enzyme buffer (phosphate buffer solution having pH 7), uniformly mixing, adding 3% glutaraldehyde (the amount of glutaraldehyde added is 3% of the mass of the mesoporous silica), reacting at 40 to 60℃for 12 hours, and filtering.
Example 1
(1) Crushing 1kg of almond, sieving with a 10-mesh sieve, adding 10g of immobilized neutral protease and 8kg of acetic acid buffer solution with the pH of 5 at 40 ℃ for extraction for 1h, centrifuging at 3000 rpm for 60min, collecting the supernatant as sweet almond oil, filtering with a membrane with the molecular weight cutoff of 5kDa, and freeze-drying the filtrate for 24h to obtain 165g of almond polypeptide;
(2) Adding 5g of immobilized fructose and 8kg of pH5 acetic acid buffer solution into 1kg of apricot pulp, reacting at 40 ℃ for 1h, filtering, and freeze-drying the filtrate for 24h to obtain 87g of apricot oligosaccharide;
(3) 100g of almond oil is added with 5g of lipase and 800g of acetic acid buffer solution with the pH value of 5 at 40 ℃ for reaction for 1h, then 500g of ethyl acetate and 50g of apricot oligosaccharide are added, the mixture is kept stand for 8h after the reaction is continued for 1h, and the supernatant is concentrated and dried for 3h at 50 ℃ under the pressure of 0.01MPa, so as to obtain 85g of almond oil-apricot oligosaccharide conjugate;
(4) Preparing 10g of almond polypeptide and 50g of almond oil-apricot oligosaccharide conjugate into 5% dispersion liquid by using pH5 acetic acid buffer solution respectively, adding the almond polypeptide dispersion liquid into the almond oil-apricot oligosaccharide conjugate dispersion liquid under 5000 r/min stirring, stirring for 10min, passing through a 0.1 mu m microporous filter membrane, and freeze-drying (-50 ℃ for 24 h) to obtain the almond oil scald ointment.
Example 2
(1) Crushing 1kg of almond, sieving with a 30-mesh sieve, adding 100g of immobilized alkaline protease and 30kg of phosphate buffer solution with pH9 at 60 ℃ for extraction for 3 hours, centrifuging at 5000 rpm for 30 minutes, collecting the upper layer liquid which is sweet almond oil, filtering the lower layer liquid by a membrane with a molecular weight cut-off of 20kDa, and freeze-drying the filtrate for 48 hours to obtain 235g of almond polypeptide;
(2) Adding 50g of immobilized lactase and 30 times of pH9 phosphate buffer solution into 1kg of apricot pulp, reacting at 60 ℃ for 3 hours, filtering, and freeze-drying the filtrate for 48 hours to obtain 117g of apricot oligosaccharide;
(3) 100g of almond oil is added with 10g of lipase and 3kg of pH9 phosphate buffer solution at 60 ℃ for reaction for 3 hours, 1kg of petroleum ether and 150g of almond oligosaccharide are added for continuous reaction for 3 hours, the mixture is stood for 24 hours, and the supernatant is concentrated and dried for 8 hours at 70 ℃ under 0.1MPa to obtain 120g of almond oil-apricot oligosaccharide conjugate;
(4) 10g of almond polypeptide and 200g of almond oil-apricot oligosaccharide conjugate are respectively prepared into 10% dispersion liquid by using pH9 phosphate buffer solution, the almond polypeptide dispersion liquid is added into the almond oil-apricot oligosaccharide conjugate dispersion liquid under 20000 revolutions per minute of stirring, after stirring for 60 minutes, the almond oil-apricot oligosaccharide conjugate is filtered through a microporous membrane of 0.5 mu m, and freeze-dried, so that the almond oil scald ointment is obtained.
Example 3
(1) Crushing 1kg of almond, sieving with a 20-mesh sieve, adding 50g of immobilized papain and 15kg of 60 ℃ pH6Tris-HCl buffer solution for extraction for 2 hours, centrifuging at 4000 rpm for 40 minutes, collecting the upper layer liquid which is sweet almond oil, filtering the lower layer liquid by a membrane with a molecular weight cut-off of 10kDa, and freeze-drying the filtrate for 36 hours to obtain 215g of almond polypeptide;
(2) Adding 25g of immobilized dextranase and 20 times of pH6Tris-HCl buffer solution into 1kg of apricot pulp, reacting at 60 ℃ for 2 hours, filtering, and freeze-drying the filtrate for 36 hours to obtain 104g of apricot oligosaccharide;
(3) 100g of almond oil is added with 7g of lipase and 1.5kg of Tris-HCl buffer solution with the pH of 6 at 60 ℃ for 2 hours, 700g of cyclohexane and 100g of almond oligosaccharide are added, after the reaction is continued for 2 hours, the mixture is kept stand for 16 hours, and the supernatant is concentrated and dried for 5 hours at 60 ℃ under the pressure of 0.05MPa, so as to obtain 132g of almond oil-apricot oligosaccharide conjugate;
(4) Preparing 10g of almond polypeptide and 100g of almond oil-apricot oligosaccharide conjugate into 7% dispersion liquid by using pH6Tris-HCl buffer solution respectively, adding the almond polypeptide dispersion liquid into the almond oil-apricot oligosaccharide conjugate dispersion liquid under 10000 revolutions/min stirring, stirring for 30min, passing through a 0.3 mu m microporous filter membrane, and freeze-drying to obtain the almond oil scald ointment.
Example 4
(1) Crushing 1kg of almond, sieving with a 10-30 mesh sieve, adding 20g of immobilized neutral protease and 10kg of pH6 acetic acid buffer solution at 55 ℃ for extraction for 1.5 hours, centrifuging at 3500 rpm for 50 minutes, collecting the upper layer liquid which is sweet almond oil, filtering the lower layer liquid by a membrane with a molecular weight cut-off of 10kDa, and freeze-drying the filtrate for 30 hours to obtain 185g of almond polypeptide;
(2) Adding 10g of immobilized fructose and 12 times of pH6 acetic acid buffer solution into 1kg of apricot pulp, reacting for 1.5 hours at 55 ℃, filtering, and freeze-drying filtrate for 30 hours to obtain 96g of apricot oligosaccharide;
(3) 100g of almond oil is added with 6g of lipase and 1kg of pH6 acetic buffer solution at 55 ℃ for reaction for 1.5 hours, 600g of ethyl acetate and 80g of almond oligosaccharide are added for continuous reaction for 1.5 hours, the mixture is stood for 12 hours, and the supernatant is concentrated and dried for 5 hours at 55 ℃ under 0.05MPa to obtain 113kg of almond oil-apricot oligosaccharide conjugate;
(4) Preparing 10g of almond polypeptide and 80g of almond oil-apricot oligosaccharide conjugate glycoside into 7% dispersion liquid by using acetic acid buffer solution with pH of 5.5, stirring at 8000 rpm, adding the almond polypeptide dispersion liquid into the almond oil-apricot oligosaccharide conjugate dispersion liquid, stirring for 20min, passing through a 0.3 mu m microporous filter membrane, and freeze-drying to obtain the almond oil scald ointment.
Example 5
(1) Crushing 1kg of almond, sieving with a 25-mesh sieve, adding 80g of immobilized alkaline protease and 20kg of phosphate buffer solution with pH8 at 45 ℃ for 2.5 hours, centrifuging for 35 minutes at 4500 rpm, collecting the upper layer liquid which is sweet almond oil, filtering the lower layer liquid by a membrane with a molecular weight cut-off of 15kDa, and freeze-drying the filtrate for 40 hours to obtain 218g of almond polypeptide;
(2) Adding 40g of immobilized dextranase and 25 times of pH8 phosphate buffer solution into 1kg of apricot pulp, reacting at 45 ℃ for 2.5 hours, filtering, and freeze-drying the filtrate for 40 hours to obtain 109g of apricot kernel oligosaccharide;
(3) 100g of almond oil is added with 8g of lipase and 2kg of phosphate buffer solution with pH8 at 45 ℃ for 2.5 hours, 800g of cyclohexane and 120g of almond oligosaccharide are added, after the reaction is continued for 2.5 hours, the mixture is stood for 20 hours, and the upper layer solution is concentrated and dried for 6 hours at 65 ℃ under 0.06MPa, so as to obtain 126g of almond oil-apricot oligosaccharide conjugate;
(4) Preparing 10g of almond polypeptide and 180g of almond oil-apricot oligosaccharide conjugate into 8% dispersion liquid by using pH8 phosphate buffer solution respectively, stirring at 15000 r/min, adding the almond polypeptide dispersion liquid into the almond oil-apricot oligosaccharide conjugate dispersion liquid, stirring for 40min, passing through a 0.4 mu m microporous filter membrane, and freeze-drying to obtain the almond oil scald ointment.
Comparative example 1
The procedure is as in example 1, but no almond oligosaccharide is added in step (3), and the product obtained is control 1.
Comparative example 2
The procedure is as in example 1, but in step (4) the almond oil-apricot oligosaccharide conjugate is replaced with lecithin, yielding a product of control 2.
Test 1 analysis of compositions of apricot oil apricot oligosaccharide conjugates prepared in examples 1-5
The method comprises the following steps: the almond oil apricot oligosaccharide conjugate prepared in the examples 1-5 is taken to be a proper amount, the sugar content in a sample is measured according to the agricultural industry standard of the people's republic of China, namely the measurement of the content of crude polysaccharide in edible fungi (NY/T1676-2008), and the fatty acid content in the sample is measured according to the first method of the national food safety standard, namely the measurement of fatty acid in food (GB 5009.168-2016).
Results: the sugar and fatty acid content of the almond oil apricot oligosaccharide conjugate prepared in examples 1-5 are shown in Table 1, and the products contain 31.6-42.7% sugar and 52.3-65.5% fatty acid, which shows that the conjugate contains both sugar and fatty acid.
The almond oil oligosaccharide prepared in this example 1-5 has a molecular weight of 600-1500Da and is reducing.
TABLE 1 content composition of apricot oil and apricot oligosaccharide conjugate
| Sample source | Sugar content% | Fatty acid content% |
| Example 1 | 31.6 | 65.5 |
| Example 2 | 42.7 | 52.3 |
| Example 3 | 37.4 | 58.5 |
| Example 4 | 33.8 | 62.1 |
| Example 5 | 40.4 | 56.2 |
Test 2 determination of nanometer particle size of almond oil scalding paste prepared in examples 1-5 and measurement of almond polypeptide drug loading
The method comprises the following steps: the almond oil scald ointment prepared in the examples 1-5 is subjected to particle size measurement by a Markov nanometer particle analyzer, a proper amount of free almond polypeptide is removed by a microcolumn centrifugation method, the protein content in a sample is measured according to a Coomassie Brilliant blue method (SN/T3926-2006) for measuring the protein content in milk, eggs and bean foods which are the standard of the people's republic of China exit inspection and quarantine industry, and the medicine carrying quantity of the almond polypeptide is calculated.
Results: the particle size and the content of the almond polypeptide of the almond oil scald ointment prepared in the examples 1-5 are shown in the table 2, the particle size is 227-284nm, the drug loading is 4.65-13.8%, and the almond polypeptide-loaded nano preparation is shown. Comparative example 1 was drug-free, indicating that almond fatty acid did not possess entrapment capacity; control 2 has a small drug loading, indicating that the liposome can encapsulate the almond polypeptide, but the drug loading is low.
Table 2 particle size and almond polypeptide drug loading for almond oil scalds
Test 3 application Effect of the almond oil scalding paste prepared in example 1
The method comprises the following steps: 48 male SD rats with the diameter of 250+/-25 g are taken, after being fed for 1 week, a shaver is used for dehairing, then alcohol with the volume fraction of 70% is used for disinfection, then chloral hydrate (with the volume fraction of 10% and 350 mg/kg) is injected into the abdominal cavity for anesthesia, an iron rod with the diameter of 3cm is put into boiling water for 15min, and after being taken out, the iron rod is quickly wiped with gauze, one end of the iron rod is tightly attached to the back skin of the rat for 7s, and a deep II-degree scald model is formed. The experimental rats were randomly divided into 8 groups of 6 animals each, each group being a negative control group (physiological saline group), a positive control group (sulfadiazine silver ointment group) and 3-8 groups of administration (example 1 almond oil, almond polypeptide, apricot oligosaccharide, almond oil apricot oligosaccharide conjugate, almond oil scald ointment and comparative example 2) and were housed in separate cages. About 20mg was administered to each rat 1 time per day. The area of the wound surface of the scald is measured on the 2 nd day, the 7 th day and the 14 th day and 8 th morning, and the scar generation condition is observed. The wound healing rate was calculated according to the following formula: wound healing rate = (original wound area-unhealed wound area)/original wound area x 100%.
Results: the results are shown in Table 3, compared with the negative control group, the almond oil, the almond polypeptide, the almond oligosaccharide and the control example 2 all have certain effect of promoting wound healing, but the effect is weaker than that of the positive control, the almond oil and apricot oligosaccharide conjugate has similar effect to the positive control, the wound healing rate of the almond oil and apricot oligosaccharide conjugate is obviously better than that of the single component, and the wound healing rate of the almond oil scald ointment is obviously better than that of other groups. After 14 days, the almond oil scald ointment has no scar on the wound surface, and other groups have scars, which indicates that the almond oil scald ointment plays the synergistic effect of the components and has the effects of promoting wound healing and reducing the generation of scars.
TABLE 3 wound surface of ratsHealing rate%％)
The above examples of the present invention are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations or modifications of the above teachings will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. It is not necessary here nor is it exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. which come within the spirit and principles of the invention are desired to be protected by the following claims.
Claims (5)
1. A preparation method of almond oil scald ointment is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
1) In a buffer solution with pH of 5-9, the almond reacts with immobilized protease at 40-60 ℃ for 1-3h, and the supernatant is sweet almond oil; filtering the lower layer liquid with membrane with molecular weight cut-off of 5kDa-20kDa, and drying the filtrate to obtain semen Armeniacae amarum polypeptide; the dosage of the immobilized protease is 1-10% of the mass of the almond; the immobilized protease is one of neutral protease, alkaline protease and papain adsorbed or crosslinked on a water-insoluble carrier; the buffer solution is selected from one of acetic acid buffer solution, phosphate buffer solution and Tris-HCl buffer solution;
2) Reacting apricot pulp with immobilized polysaccharide hydrolase in a buffer solution with pH of 5-9 at 40-60 ℃ for 1-3h, filtering, and drying the filtrate to obtain apricot oligosaccharide, wherein the dosage of the immobilized polysaccharide hydrolase is 0.5-5% of the mass of the apricot pulp; the immobilized polysaccharide hydrolase is one of fructose, lactase and glucanase adsorbed or crosslinked on a water-insoluble carrier; the buffer solution is selected from one of acetic acid buffer solution, phosphate buffer solution and Tris-HCl buffer solution;
3) In a buffer solution with pH of 5-9, sweet almond oil and lipase react at 40-60 ℃ for 1-3h, water-insoluble organic solvent and apricot oligosaccharide are added, the reaction is continued for 1-3h, standing is carried out, and supernatant fluid is dried, so as to obtain an almond oil-apricot oligosaccharide conjugate; the water-insoluble organic solvent is selected from one of ethyl acetate, petroleum ether and cyclohexane; the dosage of the water-insoluble organic solvent is 5-10 times of the mass of the almond oil; the mass ratio of the apricot oligosaccharide to the almond oil is 0.5:1-1.5:1, a step of; the dosage of the lipase is 5% -10% of the mass of the almond oil; the buffer solution is selected from one of acetic acid buffer solution, phosphate buffer solution and Tris-HCl buffer solution;
4) Respectively preparing almond polypeptide and almond oil apricot oligosaccharide conjugate into dispersion liquid by adopting buffer solution; mixing the almond polypeptide dispersion liquid and the almond oil-apricot oligosaccharide conjugate dispersion liquid under the stirring condition of the rotation speed of 5000-20000 revolutions per minute, passing through a microporous filter membrane with the thickness of 0.1-0.5 mu m, and drying to obtain the almond oil scald ointment, namely the ointment for preventing and treating scalds and repairing and reducing scars; the mass ratio of the almond polypeptide to the almond oil apricot oligosaccharide conjugate is 1:5-1:20, a step of; the buffer solution is selected from one of acetic acid buffer solution, phosphate buffer solution and Tris-HCl buffer solution;
the immobilized protease or immobilized polysaccharide hydrolase is prepared by the following method: preparing protease or polysaccharide hydrolase into a solution by adopting a buffer solution to obtain a protease buffer solution or a polysaccharide hydrolase buffer solution; uniformly mixing protease buffer solution or polysaccharide hydrolase buffer solution with a water-insoluble carrier, adding a cross-linking agent, reacting at 40-60 ℃ for 10-14h, and filtering to obtain immobilized protease or immobilized polysaccharide hydrolase; the mass concentration of the protease buffer solution or the polysaccharide hydrolase buffer solution is 0.5% -2%; the dosage of the water-insoluble carrier is 6-15 times of the mass of protease or polysaccharide hydrolase; the water-insoluble carrier is mesoporous silica; the cross-linking agent is glutaraldehyde, and the dosage of the cross-linking agent is 2% -4% of the mass of the carrier.
2. The method for preparing almond oil scald ointment as defined in claim 1, wherein:
the amount of the buffer solution in the step 1) is 8-30 times of the mass of the almond; the centrifugation condition in the step 1) is 3000-5000 rpm for 30-60min; the amount of the buffer solution in the step 3) is 8-30 times of the mass of the almond oil;
the amount of the buffer solution in the step 2) is 8-30 times of the mass of the apricot pulp; the mixing in the step 4) is stirring mixing, and the mixing time is 10min-60min;
the buffer solution in the step 4) is a buffer solution with the pH value of 5-9; the dispersions each have a concentration of 5% to 10% by weight.
3. The method for preparing almond oil scald ointment as defined in claim 1, wherein:
crushing the almond in the step 1) before use, and sieving the crushed almond with a 10-30-mesh sieve; the drying in the step 1) is freeze drying, the freeze drying time is 24-48h, and the freeze drying temperature is-20 ℃ to-50 ℃;
the drying in the step 2) is freeze drying, the freeze drying time is 24-48h, and the freeze drying temperature is-20 ℃ to-50 ℃;
the standing time in the step 3) is 8-24 hours; the drying in the step 3) is vacuum drying, and the conditions of the vacuum drying are as follows: concentrating and drying at 40-60 deg.c and 0.01-0.1MPa for 3-8 hr;
the mixing in the step 4) means that the almond polypeptide dispersion liquid is added into the almond oil-apricot oligosaccharide conjugate dispersion liquid and stirred and mixed; the drying in step 4) is freeze drying.
4. An almond oil scald ointment obtained by the preparation method of any one of claims 1-3, which is characterized in that: is a scald ointment which takes almond oil and apricot oligosaccharide conjugate as a shell and almond polypeptide as a core.
5. The use of the almond oil scald ointment as defined in claim 4 in preparing a medicament for preventing and treating scalds and repairing scars.
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