CN114457009A - 一种干细胞提取物的制备方法及其应用 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及生物技术领域,特别涉及一种干细胞提取物的制备方法及其应用。本发明基于干细胞的修复和再生能力,提供一种干细胞提取物的制备工艺,制备方法简单,使用便捷,在治疗脱发和糖尿病创面具有极大的应用潜力。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及生物技术领域,特别涉及一种干细胞提取物的制备方法及其应用。
背景技术
干细胞具有自我更新和分化的特性,是组织工程的万能种子细胞,可分泌多种生长因子(HGF、VEGF、IGF、PDGF)促进组织再生和修复。同时由于干细胞的低免疫原性,在进行同种异体移植时生物相容性极好,在治疗脱发和糖尿病创面方面都有大量的临床应用。
脱发患者包括雄激素脱发、油脂性脱发和病理性脱发。雄激素脱发(AGA)是最常见的脱发类型,在50岁以上人群中,50%男性和45%女性都会发生不同程度的AGA。虽然脱发并不危及人的生命安全,但是会影响人的外貌和自尊,造成极大的心理负担。目前经国内外药监局批准治疗AGA的药物主要是甾体类5α-还原酶抑制剂,代表药物为非那雄胺、度他雄胺和依立雄胺,此类药物可以有效地控制男性型秃发患者头发的继续脱落,但是会引起不良反应包括性欲减退、勃起功能障碍、射精量减少、射精障碍、皮疹、乳房增大或压痛等。2019年英国进行的一项干细胞治疗脱发项目中,将毛囊干细胞与盐水混合并注入头皮,结果显示休眠毛囊细胞被触发进入新生长阶段,显著增加头发密度。
中国的糖尿病患者有1.4亿人,糖尿病患者容易发生皮肤溃疡,15-25%的患者会发展成糖尿病足。糖尿病创面属于慢性创面,可能存在多种病原微生物、炎症介质等构成不利于干细胞修复的微环境,同时糖尿病患者以中老年为主,体内的干细胞数量和活性都出现下降,以致组织修复能力下降。目前国内外有大量临床数据,证实通过在溃疡四周采取点阵注射或者静脉回输的方式,都可以促进病变和坏死的皮肤、血管、神经等组织进行再生修复,促进伤口愈合。
但是在以往的临床研究中,都是通过微针或注射的方式将活的干细胞移植到体内,易造成局部感染,且干细胞存活率低,要达到良好的疗效需要重复注射多次,给患者带来不便和痛苦。
因此,本领域亟待开发新型的干细胞提取物和应用方法,以推进干细胞技术的临床应用。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种干细胞提取物制备方法及其应用,能够有效治疗脱发和糖尿病创面。
本发明的技术方案是这样实现的:
1.分离间充质干细胞。使用组织块培养、酶消化培养,从人来源的脐带、胎盘、脂肪、骨髓、牙髓、外周血、脐带血、尿液、宫内膜、经血中分离得到间充质干细胞,加入10%胎牛血清的DMEM培养基进行培养,细胞接种密度为1-5×105cells/cm2,三天后清洗掉未贴壁细胞,当间充质干细胞融合度达到80-90%,加入0.05%的胰酶消化,按1:3比例进行传代培养。
2.鉴定间充质干细胞。通过流式鉴定其表面干细胞标记物CD44,CD29,CD105呈阳性,内皮细胞标记物CD31,CD45呈阴性。
2.在收集干细胞前2天更换培养基为无血清培养,收集P2-P5代干细胞10e7-10e8,使用1-10 mLPBS重悬细胞,对收获的干细胞进行流式检测。
3获得干细胞提取物。使用组织匀浆或者超声破碎技术将干细胞进行细胞破碎,显微镜下观察破碎情况。
4.浓缩和过滤干细胞提取物。将破碎后的干细胞经超速离心机进行离心,转速在800-150000g,使用生理盐水重悬沉淀物,并进行除菌过滤。
5.制备干细胞提取物终产品。将无菌处理后的干细胞提取物,按体积比例(v/v)0.5-10%加入无菌的水、生理盐水、PBS、葡萄糖溶液等溶液中的1种或多种制备成液体制剂,或者加入水凝胶(胶原、海藻酸盐、壳聚糖、玻尿酸)制成凝胶敷料。
6.干细胞提取物终产品的临床应用。将干细胞提取物终产品涂抹或喷洒在脱发或糖尿病创面部位,每日1-4次,持续使用4-48周。
本发明的优点在于:
1)干细胞提取物制备工艺简便易行,易于放大和规模化生产。
2)相较于活的干细胞,干细胞提取物更易无菌处理,储存、运输更加方便。
3)避免有创操作,使用便捷,适合个人家庭使用。
附图说明
下面对间充质干细胞提取物的制备和应用进行说明。
图1是本发明所述的间充质干细胞流式细胞检测结果。表面干细胞标记物CD45,CD69,CD105呈阳性,内皮细胞标记物CD31,CD45呈阴性。
图2 是使用干细胞提取物喷雾治疗前后脱发患者的头发增量照片。
图3是使用干细胞提取物凝胶治疗前后糖尿病足患者的创口部位照片。
具体实施方式
本发明结合附图和实施例进行进一步的说明。
实施例1 一种干细胞提取物制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1.实施例中所用的材料、试剂、仪器等,如无特殊说明,均可以从商业途径得到。
2.脐带间充质干细胞的分离和鉴定
1)在健康产妇知情情况下获得脐带30 cm,在手术室采集后即使用无菌PBS浸泡并运送到实验室,75%酒精浸泡1分钟并冲洗后放在10 cm平皿中,无菌PBS冲洗3次。
2)将脐带剪成5 cm小段,用镊子撕开脐带并小心去除血管(包括2根动脉、1根静脉),小心将脐带撕成细丝。
3)将细丝转移到50 mL离心管中,加入10mLPBS混匀后,将手术剪插入离心管进行快速剪碎。
4)将剪碎的组织块接种在10cm直径的培养皿中,放置在培养箱进行培养。等待组织块附着部分有细胞爬出贴壁生长时,洗去组织块,更换培养基,继续培养72小时。
5)取出培养皿观察,继续培养到细胞融合度80%,加入胰酶消化并传代。
6)使用流式细胞仪检测间充质干细胞的表面干细胞标记物CD44,CD29,CD105的表达。
3.间充质干细胞的制备
在收集干细胞前2天更换培养基为无血清培养,收集P2-P5代干细胞10e7-10e8,使用1-10 mLPBS重悬细胞。
4. 获得干细胞提取物
使用超声破碎技术将干细胞进行细胞破碎,显微镜下观察破碎情况。
5.浓缩和过滤干细胞提取物
将破碎后的干细胞经超速离心机进行离心,转速50000g,使用生理盐水重悬沉淀物,并经0.22微米滤膜进行除菌过滤。
6.干细胞提取物终产品
将无菌处理后的干细胞提取物,按提取物浓度1%(v/v)比例加入无菌的生理盐水,并装入真空喷雾瓶中。
实施例2 一种干细胞提取物制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1.实施例中所用的材料、试剂、仪器等,如无特殊说明,均可以从商业途径得到。
2. 胎盘间充质干细胞的分离和鉴定
1)在健康产妇知情情况下获得胎盘,在手术室采集后即使用无菌PBS浸泡并运送到实验室,75%酒精浸泡1分钟并冲洗后,无菌PBS冲洗3次。
2)小心剥离胎盘蜕膜,用剪刀和镊子撕成细条状。
3)将细条状组织转移到50 mL离心管中,加入10mLPBS混匀后,将手术剪插入离心管进行快速剪碎。
4)向离心管加入10 mL 0.1%的I型胶原酶,将离心管放置在摇速90 rpm,温度37℃的恒温摇床上进行消化2小时。
5)取出离心管,此时组织块已消化,液体呈现粘稠状态,使用巴氏吸管进行吹打,并使用80目钢筛过滤,收集滤过液中细胞。
6)将滤过液进行离心,转速1200 rpm,离心5分钟,使用PBS离心洗涤2次。
7)将离心后的细胞平均接种到4个25 cm2培养瓶中,在CO2培养箱37℃培养,24小时后观察无细胞污染现象,继续培养48小时。
8)取出培养瓶观察,有少量细胞贴壁,继续培养到细胞融合度80%,加入胰酶消化并传代。
3.间充质干细胞的制备
在收集干细胞前2天更换培养基为无血清培养,收集P2-P5代干细胞10e7-10e8,使用1-10 mLPBS重悬细胞。
4. 获得干细胞提取物
使用超声破碎技术将干细胞进行细胞破碎,显微镜下观察破碎情况。
5.浓缩和过滤干细胞提取物
将破碎后的干细胞经超速离心机进行离心,转速10000g,使用生理盐水重悬沉淀物,并经0.22微米滤膜进行除菌过滤。
6.干细胞提取物终产品
将无菌处理后的干细胞提取物,按提取物浓度5%(v/v)比例加入无菌的海藻酸钠溶液(质量浓度1.5%),并装入真空瓶中。
实施例3 干细胞提取物治疗脱发
1.患者分组。将脱发患者20人分为2组,实验组10人,安慰剂组10人,分别使用实施例1制备的干细胞提取物喷雾和安慰剂生理盐水。
2.使用方法,将安慰剂或干细胞提取物喷洒在脱发部位,每日2次,持续使用16周。
3.效果评估,每8周对患者进行效果评估,包括头发密度、副作用。头发密度的评估按照7等级进行:-3,明显降低;-2,中等降低;-1,轻微降低;0,无变化;1,轻微增加;2,中等增加;3,明显增加。副作用包括瘙痒、红肿。
4.使用结果分析,在使用8周的过程中,试验组有1人出现使用部位瘙痒现象,安慰剂组无过敏现象。使用毛囊检测仪对使用前后的头发状态进行检测和拍照,对比发现,使用干细胞提取物的10名患者有4人的头发密度显著增加(具体情况见图2),3人中等增加,2人轻微增加,1人中等降低,而使用安慰剂的10名患者有3人无变化,5人轻微降低,2人明显降低。
实施例4 干细胞提取物治疗糖尿病足
患者李先生,年龄54岁,糖尿病史9年,1年前左足内侧出现溃疡面,面积约8cm×4cm,对创面进行清创后,早晚使用实施例2制备的干细胞提取物凝胶各1次,连续使用7周。
治疗效果观察,从第2周开始溃疡创口面快速愈合;第5周创口基本愈合,可见粉色部分新生皮肤;第7周治疗结束时创口完全愈合。
本发明仅以实施例1-4为例进行描述,并不意味着对本发明构成限制,参照本发明的描述,其他来源的间充质干细胞以及实施例的其他变形,对于本领域的技术人员是可预料的,这样的变形不会脱离所属权利要求限定的范围及精神。
Claims (8)
1.一种干细胞提取物制备方法及其应用,其特征在于,实现此发明主要包括以下步骤:(1)分离和鉴定间充质干细胞;(2)在培养瓶(皿)或生物反应器中,培养间充质干细胞;(3)使用机械方法破碎间充质干细胞,收获干细胞提取物;(4)制备含有干细胞提取物的终产品;(5)干细胞提取物终产品的临床应用。
2.根据权利要求1所述的干细胞提取物制备方法,其特征在于,所述间充质干细胞包括脐带、胎盘、脂肪、骨髓、牙髓、外周血、脐带血、尿液、宫内膜、经血来源的间充质干细胞。
3.根据权利要求1所述的干细胞提取物制备方法,其特征在于,所述间充质干细胞分离方法包括组织块培养和酶消化培养。
4.根据权利要求1所述的干细胞提取物制备方法,其特征在于,所述细胞破碎所使用仪器包括组织匀浆仪和超声波细胞破碎仪。
5.根据权利要求1所述的干细胞提取物制备方法,其特征在于,所述的离心机转速在800-150000g。
6.根据权利要求1所述的干细胞提取物制备方法,其特征在于,所述的干细胞提取物终产品制备方法,包括按体积比例(v/v)0.5-10%加入的无菌的水、生理盐水、PBS、葡萄糖溶液等溶液中的1种或多种制备成液体制剂,或者加入水凝胶(胶原、海藻酸盐、壳聚糖、玻尿酸)制成凝胶敷料。
7.一种应用权利要求1所述的干细胞提取物制备方法在脱发治疗中的应用,所述的脱发患者包括雄激素脱发、油脂性脱发和病理性脱发。
8.一种应用权利要求1所述的干细胞提取物制备方法在糖尿病创面治疗中的应用。
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