CN114317075B - Cutting fluid and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Cutting fluid and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114317075B CN114317075B CN202111470768.1A CN202111470768A CN114317075B CN 114317075 B CN114317075 B CN 114317075B CN 202111470768 A CN202111470768 A CN 202111470768A CN 114317075 B CN114317075 B CN 114317075B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cutting fluid and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the cutting fluid comprises the following raw materials, by weight, 10-15 parts of a pH regulator, 5-10 parts of an AP (ammonium phosphate) type demulsifier, 3-5 parts of glycerol and 0.5-1 part of a hardness regulator, wherein the AP type demulsifier comprises polyoxyethylene ether. The pH regulator can effectively ensure the long-term stability of the pH value of the cutting fluid; the hard water has good adaptability, and the anti-impurity oil performance of the cutting fluid can be effectively improved by combining the hardness regulator; the demulsification performance of the oil-based cutting fluid is utilized to effectively separate the equipment oil mixed in the cutting fluid in time, so that the nutrient source of bacteria is cut off, and the normal performance of the cutting fluid is ensured to be stable for a long time; the hardness regulator mixed into the cutting fluid is combined to form saponified substance precipitation, so that the emulsifying capacity of the cutting fluid on equipment oil is reduced, the equipment oil floats on the upper layer of the cutting fluid and is easy to separate and clean, and the service life of the cutting fluid is prolonged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metal processing, and particularly relates to a cutting fluid as well as a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The cutting fluid is an industrial liquid used for cooling and lubricating cutters and workpieces in the process of metal cutting and grinding, is formed by scientifically compounding and matching various super-strong functional additives, and has the characteristics of good cooling performance, lubricating performance, antirust performance, oil removal and cleaning functions, anticorrosion function and easiness in dilution. The water-based cutting fluid can be divided into emulsion, semisynthetic cutting fluid and fully synthetic cutting fluid.
In the cast iron machining industry, cutting fluids are very important for the operation of machining and die machinery. They are critical to reduce heat, friction in the processing system, and to protect the metal surfaces. When cutting fluid is selected, the problem of service life of the cutting fluid is always a concern of enterprises. However, conventional cutting fluids are easily contaminated, and the main sources of contamination are equipment oils that run over, including hydraulic oil, rail oil, spindle oil, swarf, dissolved minerals and other debris. The emulsifier contained in the traditional cutting fluid can continuously emulsify the mixed pollution source, so that a nutrient source is provided for bacterial breeding, when the conditions are sufficient, the bacteria breed in large quantities, and the performance and the service life of the cutting fluid are obviously reduced. The cutting fluid has important significance for processing industry by prolonging the service life of the cutting fluid and reducing fluid replacement cost and waste fluid generation amount for enterprises.
Therefore, the development of a cutting fluid with the miscellaneous oil resistance, the antibacterial performance and the long service life is always a problem of interest in the industry.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art described above. The cutting fluid comprises the following preparation raw materials, by weight, 10-15 parts of a pH regulator, 5-10 parts of an AP type demulsifier, 3-5 parts of glycerol and 0.5-1 part of a hardness regulator; the AP type demulsifier comprises polyoxyethylene ether, and can prolong the service life of the cutting fluid by improving the anti-miscellaneous oil capability of the cutting fluid while ensuring the normal lubricating, cooling and cleaning performances.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the cutting fluid.
The invention also provides application of the cutting fluid in metal processing.
The invention also provides application of the cutting fluid in a cast iron machining process.
The invention provides a cutting fluid, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight, 10-15 parts of PH regulator, 5-10 parts of AP type demulsifier, 3-5 parts of glycerol and 0.5-1 part of hardness regulator;
the AP type demulsifier comprises polyoxyethylene ether.
The cutting fluid disclosed by the invention at least has the following beneficial effects:
the molecular structural formula of the AP demulsifier is as follows: d (PO) x (EO) y (PO) zH, wherein: EO-polyoxyethylene; PO-polyoxypropylene; r-fatty alcohols; d-polyethylene polyamine: x, y, z-degree of polymerization (x: 8-12, y. The AP type demulsifier is used for demulsifying the paraffin-based crude oil emulsion, is suitable for demulsifying the emulsified liquid of the cutting fluid due to the mixing of equipment oil in the using process, and can achieve the effect of quickly demulsifying at low temperature. The AP demulsifier only needs to be settled and demulsified within 1.5h under the normal working condition of the cutting fluid.
The AP type demulsifier is polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene polyether taking polyethylene polyamine as an initiator, and the initiator polyethylene polyamine determines the structural form of molecules: the molecular chain is long and has a plurality of branched chains, and the hydrophilic ability is strong. The characteristic of the multi-branch chain determines that the AP type demulsifier has higher wettability and permeability, when the emulsion is demulsified, the molecules of the AP type demulsifier can quickly permeate into an oil-water interface film, and occupy more surface area than the arrangement of a vertical monomolecular film of SP type demulsifier molecules, so that the dosage is less and the demulsification effect is obvious. The demulsification performance of the oil-water separator is utilized to effectively separate the equipment oil mixed into the cutting fluid in time, so that the nutrient source of bacteria is cut off, and the normal performance of the cutting fluid is ensured to be stable for a long time.
In some embodiments of the invention, the PH adjusting agent comprises at least one of diglycolamine and isopropanolamine.
Diglycolamine has high alkali value storage capacity and PH buffer performance, and can effectively ensure the long-term stability of the PH value of the cutting fluid; the hard water has good adaptability, and the miscellaneous oil resistance of the cutting fluid can be effectively improved by combining the hardness regulator. The cutting fluid can be effectively prevented from smelling by utilizing the advantages, and simultaneously, the auxiliary antirust performance is provided, the service life of the cutting fluid is indirectly prolonged, and the structure of the cutting fluid is shown as the following formula.
In some embodiments of the invention, the AP-type demulsifier comprises a polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene polyether.
In some embodiments of the invention, the AP-type demulsifier comprises a polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene polyether using a polyethylene polyamine as an initiator.
In some embodiments of the invention, the hardness modifier comprises at least one of calcium chloride, calcium nitrate and magnesium chloride.
The hardness regulator used in the invention is calcium chloride, calcium nitrate and magnesium chloride, wherein Ca is 2+ 、Mg 2+ Ions are combined with an emulsifier mixed in the cutting fluid to form a saponified substance to be separated out, so that the emulsifying capacity of the cutting fluid on equipment oil (impurities) is reduced, the equipment oil floats on the upper layer of the cutting fluid and is easy to separate and clean, and the service life of the cutting fluid is prolonged.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the cutting fluid is prepared from 13 to 15 parts by weight of a PH modifier, 9 to 10 parts by weight of an AP-type demulsifier, and 0.5 to 0.6 part by weight of a hardness modifier.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the cutting fluid may be prepared from 40 to 60 parts by weight of water and 10 to 20 parts by weight of a rust preventive agent.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the cutting fluid is prepared from, by weight, 13 to 15 parts of a PH modifier, 9 to 10 parts of an AP-type demulsifier, 0.5 to 0.6 part of a hardness modifier, 58 to 59 parts of water, 14 to 16 parts of a rust inhibitor, and 3 to 5 parts of glycerol.
In some embodiments of the invention, the rust inhibitor comprises at least one of boric acid, sebacic acid, and dodecanedioic acid.
In a second aspect of the present invention, a method for preparing a cutting fluid is provided, which comprises the following steps:
s1: and dispersing the pH regulator to obtain a mixed solution.
S2: and dispersing the AP type demulsifier and the hardness regulator, and adding the dispersed AP type demulsifier and the hardness regulator into the mixed solution obtained in the step S1.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a method for preparing a cutting fluid, including the steps of:
s1: and mixing water, the pH regulator and the antirust agent to obtain a mixed solution.
S2: and (3) adding the AP type demulsifier, glycerol and the hardness regulator into the mixed solution obtained in the step (S1).
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, in step S1, water, the PH adjuster, and the rust inhibitor are sequentially mixed to obtain a mixed solution.
In some embodiments of the invention, the temperature of the mixing in step S1 is 75 to 90 ℃.
In a third aspect of the invention, the invention provides application of the cutting fluid in metal processing.
In a fourth aspect of the invention, the application of the cutting fluid in the machining process of the cast iron machine is provided.
The cutting fluid for machining the cast iron provided by the invention has excellent anti-impurity oil capability and antibacterial performance, and can effectively prolong the service life of the cutting fluid.
Detailed Description
The idea of the invention and the resulting technical effects will be clearly and completely described below in connection with the embodiments, so that the objects, features and effects of the invention can be fully understood. It is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments, and those skilled in the art can obtain other embodiments without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, and all embodiments are within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The cutting fluid is prepared by the embodiment, and the specific process is as follows:
s1: adding 50 parts by weight of water, 14 parts by weight of diglycolamine and 15 parts by weight of dodecanedioic acid into a stirring vessel in sequence, stirring while adding at the temperature of 80 ℃, and stirring until the solution is uniform and transparent to obtain a mixed solution.
S2: and (2) adding 8 parts by weight of polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene polyether, 4 parts by weight of glycerol and 0.5 part by weight of calcium chloride into the mixed solution obtained in the step (S1), and continuously stirring until the solution becomes uniform and transparent liquid.
Example 2
The cutting fluid is prepared by the embodiment, and the specific process is as follows:
s1: adding 52.3 parts of water, 15 parts of diglycolamine and 17 parts of dodecanedioic acid into a stirring vessel in sequence by weight, stirring while adding at the temperature of 80 ℃, and stirring until the solution is uniform and transparent to obtain a mixed solution.
S2: and (2) adding 10 parts by weight of polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene polyether, 5 parts by weight of glycerol and 0.7 part by weight of calcium chloride into the mixed solution obtained in the step (S1), and continuously stirring until the solution becomes uniform and transparent liquid.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example prepared a cutting fluid, which was prepared by replacing diglycolamine with triethanolamine in the examples, as compared with the examples.
S1: 58.5 parts of water, 14 parts of triethanolamine and 15 parts of dodecanedioic acid are sequentially added into a stirring vessel according to the parts by weight, stirred while adding at the temperature of 80 ℃, and stirred until the solution is uniform and transparent to obtain a mixed solution.
S2: and (2) adding 8 parts by weight of polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene polyether, 4 parts by weight of glycerol and 0.5 part by weight of calcium chloride into the mixed solution obtained in the step (S1), and continuously stirring until the solution becomes uniform and transparent liquid.
Comparative example 2
Compared with the embodiment, the cutting fluid is prepared without adding the AP type demulsifier, and the specific process comprises the following steps:
s1: adding 60 parts of water, 15 parts of diglycolamine and 20 parts of dodecanedioic acid into a stirring vessel in sequence by weight, stirring while adding at the temperature of 80 ℃, and stirring until the solution is uniform and transparent to obtain a mixed solution.
S2: and (3) adding 4 parts of glycerol and 1 part of calcium chloride into the mixed solution obtained in the step (S1) by weight, and continuously stirring until the solution becomes uniform and transparent liquid.
Comparative example 3
Compared with the embodiment, the cutting fluid is prepared without adding calcium chloride, and the specific process comprises the following steps:
s1: adding 60 parts of water, 15 parts of diglycolamine and 10 parts of dodecanedioic acid into a stirring vessel in sequence by weight, stirring while adding at the temperature of 80 ℃, and stirring until the solution is uniform and transparent to obtain a mixed solution.
S2: and (2) adding 10 parts by weight of polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene polyether and 5 parts by weight of glycerol into the mixed solution obtained in the step (S1), and continuously stirring until the solution becomes uniform and transparent liquid.
Test example 1
This test example 1 tested the anti-miscellaneous oil properties of the cutting fluids obtained in examples 1 to 2 and comparative examples 1 to 3.
Pouring 40mL of cutting fluid to be measured into a clean measuring cylinder, then pouring 40mL of miscellaneous oil (selected from Changcheng No. 68 guide rail oil) to a position with the scale of 80mL, fully stirring uniformly by using a stirring device, standing for 30 minutes, and observing and recording the number of the oil, the cutting fluid and the emulsified layer separated in the measuring cylinder. The data are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 test results
| Examples and comparative examples | Volume of oil layer, ml | Emulsion layer volume, ml | Cutting fluid layer volume, ml |
| Example 1 | 40 | 0 | 40 |
| Example 2 | 40 | 0 | 40 |
| Comparative example 1 | 38 | 5 | 37 |
| Comparative example 2 | 29 | 25 | 26 |
| Comparative example 3 | 33 | 12 | 35 |
The triethanolamine and the other emulsifier in the comparative example 1 emulsify the mixed equipment oil, the AP-type demulsifier is not included in the comparative example 2, so that the equipment oil mixed in the cutting fluid cannot be effectively separated in time, and the equipment oil is emulsified, and the calcium chloride is not added in the comparative example 3, so that the emulsifier (the polyalcohol amine and the other external emulsifier) cannot be combined to form a saponified substance to be separated out, and the equipment oil floats on the upper layer of the cutting fluid and is not easy to separate and clean.
Test example 2
This test example 2 tested the antibacterial properties of the cutting fluids obtained in examples 1 to 2 and comparative examples 1 to 3.
100ml of solution to be tested with 5% is prepared, 0.1ml of strain is introduced every week, and the solution is placed in a constant temperature oven at a constant temperature of 35 ℃. Colony proliferation in the test solutions was tested once a week and the data are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 test results
From the experimental results shown in Table 2, it was revealed that the antibacterial properties were substantially lost by the occurrence of bacteria in comparative examples 1, 2 and 3 from the fifth, third and fourth weeks, respectively, and the number of bacteria continued to increase for several weeks thereafter. The performance of the cutting fluid can rapidly slide down due to the breeding of bacteria until the most basic anti-rust and lubricating performance is completely lost, and the PH of the cutting fluid is rapidly reduced to below 7 due to the breeding of the bacteria, so that the rusting of a workpiece is accelerated. In contrast, no colonies appeared in examples 1 and 2 from the first week to the tenth week, indicating that the antibacterial activity was still exhibited at the tenth week.
The above description is only an example of the present invention, and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the present invention. Insubstantial changes from the disclosed embodiments, variations from or substitutions to one or more other processes, or other insubstantial changes from the disclosed embodiments, as viewed in light of the above teachings, are intended to be covered by the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The cutting fluid is characterized by being prepared from 10 to 15 parts by weight of a pH regulator, 5 to 10 parts by weight of an AP (access point) type demulsifier, 3 to 5 parts by weight of glycerol and 0.5 to 1 part by weight of a hardness regulator;
the AP type demulsifier is polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene polyether taking polyethylene polyamine as an initiator;
the pH regulator is diglycolamine;
the hardness modifier includes at least one of calcium chloride, calcium nitrate and magnesium chloride.
2. The cutting fluid according to claim 1, wherein the pH regulator comprises 14 to 15 parts of polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene polyether, 4 to 5 parts of glycerol and 0.5 to 0.7 part of a hardness regulator.
3. The cutting fluid according to claim 1, wherein the cutting fluid is prepared from 40 to 60 parts by weight of water and 10 to 20 parts by weight of an antirust agent.
4. The cutting fluid of claim 3, wherein the rust inhibitor comprises at least one of boric acid, sebacic acid, and dodecanedioic acid.
5. A preparation method of the cutting fluid according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: dispersing the pH regulator to obtain a mixed solution;
s2: and dispersing the AP type demulsifier and the hardness regulator, and adding the dispersed AP type demulsifier and the hardness regulator into the mixed solution obtained in the step S1.
6. The method for producing the cutting fluid according to claim 5, wherein the temperature of dispersion in step S1 is 75 to 90 ℃.
7. Use of the cutting fluid according to any one of claims 1 to 4 in metal working.
8. Use of the cutting fluid according to any one of claims 1 to 4 in a cast iron machining process.
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| CN104830428A (en) * | 2015-04-22 | 2015-08-12 | 青岛承天伟业机械制造有限公司 | Antioxidation cutting fluid |
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| CN105567399B (en) * | 2016-01-18 | 2018-11-09 | 清华大学 | Water base titanic alloy machining liquid and its application |
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| CN109694770A (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2019-04-30 | 上海樱花化研化工科技有限公司 | One Albatra metal cutting fluid composite and preparation method thereof |
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| JPS62192495A (en) * | 1986-02-19 | 1987-08-24 | Nippon Oil Co Ltd | Manual transmission oil composition |
| JP2003129080A (en) * | 2001-10-24 | 2003-05-08 | Kyodo Yushi Co Ltd | Water soluble oil for cutting work |
| CN102268318A (en) * | 2010-06-01 | 2011-12-07 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Water base cutting fluid composition and preparation method thereof |
| CN102559354A (en) * | 2010-12-30 | 2012-07-11 | 安集微电子（上海）有限公司 | Water-based glass grinding fluid |
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