CN103918461A - Single root stock bud fast propagation expanding method for miscanthus sacchariflorus - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a single root stock bud fast propagation expanding method for miscanthus sacchariflorus. The method comprises the steps of (1) field material selecting, (2) bud body selecting, (3) substrate preparing, (4) seedbed preparing, (5) seed sowing, (6) cultivating and (7) transplanting. A miscanthus sacchariflorus community of wetlands is selected in the step of field material selecting. In the step of bud body selecting, rootstocks taken back from the field is washed through run water to remove soil, and the rootstocks are maintained moist. In the step of seed sowing, selected rootstock sections with buds are sown in a furrow horizontally, and the buds are upward. In the step of cultivating, watering is carried out every one or two days to maintain the moist of the substrates, watering is carried out by spraying, the buds start to germinate after one week, and seedlings can reach 15 cm in two weeks. In the step of transplanting, when the seedlings reach 40 cm after four weeks, four to six leaves are grown on each seedling, and new roots are grown on the rootstocks, plants are dug out from the substrates and transplanted into soil. The method is easy to achieve and easy and convenient to operate, the propagation expanding period is short, the germination rate reaches 80%, and the survival rate of transplanting reaches 98%. The cost is low, a great amount of high-quality seedlings of the miscanthus sacchariflorus can be obtained in a short period of time, and the needs of wetland vegetation recovery and the construction of constructed wetlands and industrial raw material bases are met.

Description

A kind of single stem eye fast-propagation method of southern reed

Technical field

The invention belongs to biological technical field, more specifically relate to a kind of single stem eye fast-propagation method of southern reed, it is applicable to wetland recovery, artificial swamp and the industrial raw material base construction demand to a large amount of high-qualitys south reed seedling.

Background technology

Nan Di ( triarrhena lutarioriparia) originate in each province on the south China middle and lower reach of Yangtze River, be mainly distributed in river, lake, coastal beach land and water zone of transition, as Lake Dongting area, Hunan and Poyang Lake area, Jiangxi.Nan Di is perennial bamboo shape draft, high 3-7 rice, and profile and reed are quite similar, are often mistaken as reed.The main distinction of Nan Di and reed is: reed stalk wall is thin, pulp cavity is large, and southern reed stalk wall thickness, pulp cavity are little; Reed Leaves band shape, alternate, and southern reed leaf is close to wire lanceolar, edge is sharper.The very flourishing root-like stock of south reed tool, there are thick root and young shoot in joint place, and the bud number of every square metre reaches 330 ± 52 (mean ± standard errors).Nan Di adapts to the water alternate environment falling that rises, and has the characteristic of " land and water two is raw ".Nan Di not only can dyke strengthening flood control, improve lake, river capacity of flood storage, but also be improved surrounding area climatic environment, purify water, safeguard the function of natural ecosystems.Nan Di is C4 plant, has high light efficiency, the feature of growing fast, per hectare can output 22.5-30 ton stem stalks, can produce the dry pulp plate of 15 tons, are a kind of high-biomass resources of sustainable use.There are some researches show, utilize reed class plant community to set up artificial swamp, both can play the effect such as purifying water body and protection bio-diversity, can be used as again raw material of industry production base.Along with a large amount of enforcements of the engineerings such as the middle and lower reach of Yangtze River restores farmland to lakes, artificial swamp, more and more urgent to the seedling demand of southern reed, and current technology will be difficult to meet the growing market demand.Therefore, invent a kind of can Quick for the method for a large amount of high-qualitys south reed seedling demand that is inevitable.

Through Chinese patent net and relevant paper retrieved web, find at present more existing reports about southern reed propagation technique, as Gao Handong etc. " cultivation of reed grass and utilization " [ chinese Wild plant resources, 2009,28:(3) and 65-67] subterranean stem mentioned buries breeding, terrestrial stem cottage propagation, terrestrial stem propagation by layering technology, but it is low to expand numerous coefficient, unfavorable transplanting; Wang Yuzhen " propagation technique of reed " [ extraordinary Economic animals and plants, 2007, (6): 33] and the breeding of seedling pier, root-like stock breeding and the breeding of green manuring method mentioned, but exist, to expand numerous coefficient low, large to original vegetation deterioration, the problem such as is inconvenient to transplant; Guo Xiayu etc. " tissue of Nan Di is cultivated and quick propagating technology " [ plant physiology journal, 2011,47(10): 987-990] in taking young fringe as explant, obtained higher callus induction, differentiation and rooting rate, but the cycle is longer, and draws materials and be subject to time restriction.Easily rely on oneself etc. and to have set up a set of regenerating system taking reed stem section as explant at " method for quickly breeding of reed " (application publication number CN 101711504 A), but need to use hormone and chemicals, operation more complicated, general engineering technology personnel are difficult to grasp.

Summary of the invention

A kind of single stem eye fast-propagation method that the object of the invention is to be to provide southern reed, easy to implement the method, easy and simple to handle, the inventive method does not need to use hormone and chemicals, expands numerous cycle short, and germination rate reaches 80%, and transplanting survival rate reaches 98%.Can supply a large amount of high-qualitys south reed seedling by Quick by the method, and cost is low, makes can obtain in a short time a large amount of high-qualitys south reed seedling, meets the needs that muskeg recovery, artificial swamp and industrial raw material base are built.

In order to realize above-mentioned object, the present invention adopts following technical measures:

A single stem eye fast-propagation method for southern reed, the steps include:

(1) draw materials in field: choose the Nan Di group that conversation in Dongting Lake area grows fine, by after acrial part harvesting, take the rhizome of underground 0.1-10cm soil layer.Get colors as far as possible more shallow and diameter 0.8-1.5 cm one, biennial rhizome.

(2) select sprout: the rhizome that field is fetched running water rinses, and washes earth off, and make rhizome keep moisture state.Select apart from rhizome terminal bud 3-50 cm, and length is the axillalry bud of 0.5-1.5 cm, with secateurs, band axillalry bud rhizome section is cut, length is 3-4 cm, makes axillalry bud be positioned at the centre position of rhizome section.

(3) substrate preparation: matrix refers to and replaces soil that the solid dielectric that plant machinery is supported and material is supplied is provided.River sand is crossed to 2 mm sieves, remove the bulky grain things such as gravel pebbles, then isopyknic river sand and peat soil are mixed and be mixed with culture matrix, for subsequent use.

(4) prepare in seedbed: seedbed should be chosen in and be difficult for ponding, and the location that does not have trees or building to shade.Culture matrix is layered on seedbed, and thickness is 9-11cm.

(5) sowing: the band bud rhizome section level of choosing is placed in seed furrow, and upwards, the distance between rhizome section is 9-11 cm to sprout.Then use step (3) culture matrix to cover, thickness is at 0.9-1.1 cm.

(6) cultivate: look weather condition, every 1-2 days waters water one time, make matrix keep moistening.While watering, preferably take to spray or spraying, current are unsuitable large, cause rhizome section to expose in order to avoid wash away matrix.After one week, sprout starts to sprout, more than seedling can reach 15 cm in 2 weeks.

(7) transplant: after 4 weeks, seedling reaches more than 40 centimeters, and 4-6 sheet leaf, grows new root on rhizome, plant is dug out from matrix, is transplanted in soil.

The present invention has set up the technical system of a fast-propagation south reed, and the present invention compared with prior art, has the following advantages and effect:

(1) material source is simple, the underground rhizome prosperity of Nan Di, and the bud of every square metre is counted 330 of average out to;

(2) cycle short, from broadcast bud to transplant only need about 30 days;

(3) sprout germination rate is high, reaches 80%, and rooting rate is up to 100%;

(3) transplanting survival rate is high, is 98%;

(4) do not need to carry out chemicals and HORMONE TREATMENT, technology is simple, be easy to grasp, and cost is low, is applicable to large-scale production seedling;

(5) in the present invention, material therefor is taken at Dongting Lake, and plant is tall and big, and average approximately 6 m, can be widely used in streamside, recovery of lakeside areas and industrial raw material base construction.

Embodiment

Further illustrate the present invention below in conjunction with embodiment, instead of restriction the present invention

embodiment 1:

A single stem eye fast-propagation method for southern reed, the steps include:

1. draw materials in field: choose southern reed that conversation in Dongting Lake area grows fine, by after the harvesting of terrestrial stem stalk, with first-class instrument by underground 0.1 or the rhizome of 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 or 7 or 8 or 9 or 10 cm soil layers rout up, select the more shallow and diameter of color at one, two of 0.8 or 1 or 1.1 or the 1.3 or 1.5 cm stem of taking root, pack in bag weaved and take back.Remaining rhizome is embedded in original place, and these rhizomes still can germinated plantlet, not can to sampling damage.

2. select sprout: the rhizome water of adopting back from field is rinsed well, the scaly leaf covering on rhizome is peeled off, sprout is more easily recognized.Selected distance rhizome terminal bud 3 or 10 or 24 or 36 or 45 or 50 cm, and length is at the axillalry bud of 0.5 or 0.8 or 1.2 or 1.5 cm, respectively stays 1 or 2 cm at the two ends of bud, with secateurs, band bud rhizome section is cut, and the length of rhizome section is 3 or 4 cm.

3. seeding in nursery bed: isopyknic fine sand and peat soil are mixed and be mixed with culture matrix, and this matrix is ventilative good, is conducive to the sprouting of rhizome bud and takes root, and easily take plant in the time transplanting.The matrix preparing is laid on seedbed, and thickness is 9 or 10 or 11 cm.The dark seed furrow of approximately 1 cm is marked to scoop in seedbed, the rhizome section of choosing is placed in seed furrow, the distance between rhizome section is 9 or 10 or 11 cm, then earthing, and thickness is about 0.9 or 1 or 1.1 cm.

4. cultivate: after planting water once permeablely, this backsight weather condition, waters water one time in every 1 or 2 day, make seedbed keep moisture state.While watering, take to spray or spraying, in order to avoid cause washing away with rhizome of matrix to expose as far as possible.The temperature in seedbed is controlled at 15 or 18 or 21 or 23 or 25 DEG C, as has ready conditions and seedbed can be built in greenhouse or booth.Illumination can adopt natural lighting condition.After 1 week, sprout starts to sprout, and more than seedling can reach 15 cm in 2 weeks, produces 2 or 3 young leaves.Germination rate is 80%.

5. transplant: after 4 weeks, seedling reaches more than 40 centimeters, and 4 or 5 or 6 leaves, grow new root on rhizome, now plant can be dug out from matrix, are transplanted in soil.Dig Miao Shike and dig out together with the matrix of seedling root, make root keep moistening, and be transplanted to as early as possible in soil.Transplanting survival rate reaches 98%.

Claims (1)

1. a single stem eye fast-propagation method for southern reed, the steps include:

(1) draw materials in field: choose the Nan Di group of wetland, by after acrial part harvesting, take the rhizome of underground 0.1-10cm soil layer, select diameter 0.8-1.5 cm one, biennial rhizome;

(2) select sprout: the rhizome that field is fetched running water rinses, wash earth off, make rhizome keep moistening, select apart from rhizome terminal bud 3-50 cm, length is the axillalry bud of 0.5-1.5 cm, with secateurs, band axillalry bud rhizome section is cut, length is 3-4 cm, makes axillalry bud be positioned at the centre position of rhizome section;

(3) substrate preparation: river sand is crossed to 2 mm sieves, remove gravel pebbles bulky grain thing, isopyknic river sand and peat soil are mixed and be mixed with culture matrix, for subsequent use;

(4) prepare in seedbed: seedbed is chosen in and is difficult for ponding, and the location that does not have trees or building to shade is layered on culture matrix on seedbed, and thickness is 9-11cm;

(5) sowing: the band bud rhizome section level of choosing is placed in seed furrow, and upwards, the distance between rhizome section is 9-11 cm to sprout, with the covering of step (3) culture matrix, thickness is at 0.9-1.1 cm;

(6) cultivate: every 1-2 days waters water one time, make matrix keep moistening, water and take to spray or spraying, after one week, sprout starts to sprout, and seedling reached 15 cm in 2 weeks;

(7) transplant: after 4 weeks, seedling reaches 40 centimeters, and 4-6 sheet leaf, grows new root on rhizome, plant is dug out from matrix, is transplanted in soil.