A kind of device of full-time measurement PV component power characteristic
Technical field
The present invention relates to PV assembly measuring instrument technical field, especially relate to a kind of device of full-time measurement PV component power characteristic.
Background technology
Application as semiconductor technology at energy field, photovoltaic generation is the photoelectric effect of based semiconductor material, utilizes PV(Photovoltage, photovoltaic) photoelectric device such as assembly converts solar energy into electrical energy.Due to photovoltaic generation cleanliness without any pollution, at present, countries in the world are the New Energy Industry taking solar energy photovoltaic industry as master at develop actively all.Current, the growth momentum of domestic photovoltaic industry is very swift and violent, no matter is polysilicon solar cell, or thin-film solar cells; But the impetus of whole industry is the Design and manufacture aspect in PV assembly also, aspect test, input is less, and current whole industry is main or traditional PV component power characteristic test system to the power characteristic testing apparatus of PV assembly.
Traditional PV component power characteristic test system generally comprises work stage, signal of telecommunication test circuit and the controller of solar simulator, carrying PV assembly.The course of work of this system is: first utilize benchmark solar cell solar simulator to be carried out to the correction of irradiance, then solar simulator carries out vertical irradiation to the PV assembly to be measured being placed in work stage, meanwhile, signal of telecommunication test circuit collects the I-V characterisitic parameter of tested PV assembly, and these I-V characterisitic parameters are sent to arithmetic and control unit, obtain after treatment the power characteristic of PV assembly.Current, work stage is plane one-dimensional movement, is provided with the vacuum suction structure of fixing PV assembly and the grid line probe of test PV assembly etc. on it.
Above-mentioned test macro is quite effective for the identical PV assembly of test substrate surface texture cardinal principle.But, flourish along with photovoltaic industry, there is the PV assembly that substrate surface structure is different, for example, the photovoltaic module substrate surface structure of traditional solar cell is substantially needle-like (see figure 1), and has produced the solar cell (seeing Fig. 2, Fig. 3) of the photovoltaic module substrate surface structure that is circular hole or square hole at present.
If adopt aforesaid way to measure power characteristic to the PV assembly of different substrate surface structures, just cannot reflect exactly the actual performance of PV assembly.This is the surface texture difference because of substrate, and the photoelectric properties that PV assembly uses in actual environment have very large difference.As shown in Figure 4, Figure 5, substrate surface structure is that the photovoltaic module of needle-like is under true solar light irradiation, when vertical incidence, can obtain the photoelectric conversion region of maximum area, along with the time changes, sunlight turns to substrate surface and is approximately 45 degree, the area of photoelectric conversion region is reduced to 1/3rd of maximum area, and corresponding photo-generated carrier changes violent, makes thus the IV characterisitic parameter of photovoltaic module change obviously; But, substrate surface structure is that the photovoltaic module of circular hole is under true solar light irradiation, when vertical incidence, can obtain the photoelectric conversion region of maximum area, when turning to substrate surface, sunlight is approximately 45 while spending, the area of photoelectric conversion region is reduced to 1/2nd of maximum area, compared with the former, it is many that IV characterisitic parameter changes mitigation, the signal of visible Fig. 6.Therefore, adopt traditional PV component power characteristic test system, can not reflect exactly photovoltaic module that substrate surface structure the is different IV characteristic under actual environment, and then cannot characterize strictly according to the facts the power characteristic of tested PV assembly.
Summary of the invention
The technical issues that need to address of the present invention are to provide a kind of device of full-time measurement PV component power characteristic, adopt this device, can accurately be characterized in faithfully the real power characteristic of the PV assembly of the different substrate surface structures under actual working environment.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of device of full-time measurement PV component power characteristic, comprise solar simulator, work stage, signal of telecommunication test circuit and arithmetic and control unit, described work stage is rotational workpieces platform, described work stage is connected with described signal of telecommunication test circuit, described arithmetic and control unit respectively, and described signal of telecommunication test circuit is connected with described arithmetic and control unit;
Wherein, described solar simulator is for irradiating the tested PV assembly being placed in work stage; Described signal of telecommunication test circuit is used for gathering the I-V characterisitic parameter of tested PV assembly, and described I-V characterisitic parameter is nursed one's health and is sent to described arithmetic and control unit; Described arithmetic and control unit, for the treatment of described I-V characterisitic parameter, calculates the power characteristic of tested PV assembly, and controls translation and the rotation of described work stage.
Further, the present invention also has following features: the irradiated area of described solar simulator is 156mm × 156mm, effectively the uniformity in irradiated area is ± 2%, time instability is ± 1%, Spectral matching degree is ± 25%, and the analog light source of described solar simulator is by selecting spectrum and strength characteristics to simulate the light source of multiple solar spectrum.
Further, the present invention also has following features: the stage body structure of described work stage comprises the upper and lower, and described lower floor is along the one-dimensional square of level to movement, and described upper strata is along horizontal rotational shaft.
Further, the present invention also has following features: in described work stage, be provided with voltage sensor, current sensor and apply the probe of voltage or electric current to tested PV assembly; The output of described voltage sensor and described current sensor is connected with described signal of telecommunication test circuit respectively, and described signal of telecommunication test circuit, by the probe in described work stage, applies voltage or electric current to tested PV assembly.
Further, the present invention also has following features: described work stage comprises driver and controller, and work stage motion described in driver drives described in described controller control, to realize described work stage translation and rotation.
Further, the present invention also has following features: described work stage moves horizontally speed maximum can reach 1 meter per second, and positioning precision is 0.1 millimeter, and the anglec of rotation is that-30 degree arrive+30 degree, and positioning precision is 1 degree.
Further, the present invention also has following features: the conditioning mode that described signal of telecommunication test circuit is nursed one's health described I-V characterisitic parameter comprises amplitude adjusting, frequency adjustment and phase adjusted.
Further, the present invention also has following features: described arithmetic and control unit comprises host computer and slave computer, and the interface of described slave computer and host computer is RS232 interface, RS485 interface or USB interface; Described host computer is PC, and for data and the instruction of reception & disposal slave computer, and the data of the user interface that described host computer is had and instruction are passed to described slave computer; Described slave computer adopts microprocessor, for data and the instruction of host computer described in reception & disposal, and transmits in real time image data to described host computer.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
Substitute the one-dimensional plane Moving Workpieces platform of conventional P V component power characteristic test amount system because the present invention adopts rotational workpieces platform, therefore can simulate the illumination condition of PV assembly in the time of real work, thereby realize the power out-put characteristic of measuring PV assembly full-timely.Therefore utilize the present invention, can be characterized in exactly the actual performance of the PV assembly under actual working environment, for screening has full-time power out-put characteristic, good PV assembly provides test basis.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the electron microscope image of traditional substrate surface structure photovoltaic module that is needle-like;
Fig. 2 is that substrate surface structure is the electron microscope image of poroid photovoltaic module;
Fig. 3 is that substrate surface structure is the electron microscope image under another angle of poroid photovoltaic module;
Fig. 4 is that substrate surface structure is the photovoltaic module of the needle-like simulation schematic diagram under true illumination condition;
Fig. 5 is that substrate surface structure is the poroid photovoltaic module simulation schematic diagram under true illumination condition;
Fig. 6 is that substrate surface structure is that poroid photovoltaic module and substrate surface structure are needle-like the photoelectric conversion rate of photovoltaic module under true illumination condition changes schematic diagram;
Fig. 7 is the structural principle block diagram of the device of full-time measurement PV component power characteristic provided by the invention.
Embodiment
In order to understand the present invention in depth, below in conjunction with drawings and the specific embodiments, the present invention is described in detail.
The invention provides a kind of device of full-time measurement PV component power characteristic, structured flowchart as shown in Figure 7, comprise solar simulator, work stage, signal of telecommunication test circuit and arithmetic and control unit, wherein work stage is rotational workpieces platform, work stage is connected with signal of telecommunication test circuit, arithmetic and control unit respectively, and signal of telecommunication test circuit is connected with arithmetic and control unit.Wherein, solar simulator is for irradiating the tested PV assembly being placed in work stage; Signal of telecommunication test circuit is used for gathering the I-V characterisitic parameter of tested PV assembly, and I-V characterisitic parameter is nursed one's health and is sent to arithmetic and control unit; Arithmetic and control unit, for the treatment of I-V characterisitic parameter, calculates the power characteristic of tested PV assembly, and controls translation and the rotation of work stage.
Solar simulator has the irradiated area of 156mm × 156mm, effectively the uniformity in irradiated area reach ± 2%, time instability is ± 1%, Spectral matching degree reaches ± and 25%, the analog light source of solar simulator is by selecting its spectrum and strength characteristics to simulate the light source of solar spectrum under various conditions (AM0, AM1.0, AM1.5, AM1.5Global, AM2.0, AM2.0Global).
The stage body of work stage is the double-decker that comprises the upper and lower, and lower floor can be along the one-dimensional square of level to movement, upper strata can the PV assembly of loaded area below 156mm × 156mm along horizontal rotational shaft.Work stage also comprises driver and controller, and the motion of controller control driver drives work stage, to realize work stage translation and rotation.The speed that the moves horizontally maximum of work stage can reach 1 meter per second, and positioning precision is 0.1 millimeter, and the anglec of rotation is that-30 degree arrive+30 degree, and positioning precision is 1 degree, and has Incision Machine's.In work stage, be provided with the voltage sensor of detecting voltage signal and the current sensor of probe current signal, also oriented PV assembly applies the probe of voltage or electric current, utilizes these probes to apply voltage or electric current to the PV assembly to be measured being carried in work stage.The output of voltage sensor and current sensor is connected to respectively signal of telecommunication test circuit.
Signal of telecommunication test circuit receives and comes from the voltage sensor of work stage, voltage signal and the current signal of current sensor, then these signals are nursed one's health to such an extent as to applicable arithmetic and control unit processing, the mode of conditioning comprises amplitude adjusting, frequency adjustment and phase adjusted, wherein amplitude regulate comprise amplification, dwindle, intercepting etc., frequency adjustment comprises frequency multiplication, frequency division etc., and phase adjusted comprises in advance, maintenance, hysteresis etc.; In addition, signal of telecommunication test circuit, also by the voltage probe in work stage and current probe, applies suitable voltage, electric current to tested PV assembly.
Arithmetic and control unit comprises slave computer and host computer, and wherein host computer can be PC, and host computer has good user interface, has luminous intensity measurement and debugging functions, has data, profile memory, printing and test data analysis function; Slave computer adopts high-performance microprocessor, and is connected with AD/DA change-over circuit, can be RS232 interface, RS485 interface or USB interface with the interface of host computer.Slave computer can transmit image data in real time to host computer, or host computer by the command routing of user interface to slave computer.On the one hand, arithmetic and control unit receives the conditioned signal that comes from signal of telecommunication test circuit, calculates open circuit voltage, short circuit current, maximum power, maximum power point voltage, maximum power point electric current, fill factor, curve factor and conversion efficiency under this test condition; On the other hand, arithmetic and control unit also can be controlled translation and the rotation of work stage, and the location of tested PV assembly is fixed.
The course of work of the device of the full-time measurement of the present invention PV component power characteristic is as follows:
First, utilize the method for traditional demarcation sunlight analogue system to set the irradiance of solar simulator, measure the electric current of the benchmark solar cell similar to the spectral response of tested PV assembly, because reference battery is through demarcating, can set according to the reference current numerical value of gained thus the irradiance of solar simulator; The demarcation of this irradiance is not limited to sunlight vertical incidence situation, the sunlight irradiation degree that can demarcate corresponding position in the time that sunlight and work stage are different angles according to reference battery assay method, sunlight irradiation degree can change according to certain rule as required.
Secondly, under the solar simulator having set, PV assembly to be measured is placed in work stage, under the control of arithmetic and control unit, the work stage of carrying tested PV assembly along the certain angle of horizontal rotational shaft, for example, changes to adjust lighting angle according to the angle between daily sunlight and ground level in time.
Then,, by means of the voltage probe arranging in work stage, current probe, signal of telecommunication test circuit applies voltage, current signal to tested PV assembly; Simultaneously now, utilize voltage sensor and current sensor in work stage, the I-V characterisitic parameter that signal of telecommunication test circuit is measured tested PV assembly in real time (comprises open circuit voltage V
oC, short circuit current I
sC).
Finally, the IV characterisitic parameter that arithmetic and control unit utilization is surveyed, the parameter (maximum power point Pmax, at voltage Vmp and electric current I mp, efficiency eta and the fill factor, curve factor FF at Pmax place) of the power characteristic that characterizes PV assembly is derived in calculating, and taking the anglec of rotation of work stage as independent variable, the parameter of power characteristic is variable, form one dimension functional relation, to filter out the PV assembly that full-time power out-put characteristic is good.
Above-described embodiment; object of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect are further described; institute is understood that; the foregoing is only the specific embodiment of the present invention; be not limited to the present invention; all within essence of the present invention and general principle, any amendment of making, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.