CN103551437B - A kind of hundred meters of high speed heavy rail production methods of microstress - Google Patents
A kind of hundred meters of high speed heavy rail production methods of microstress Download PDFInfo
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 177
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 30
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000677 High-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000994 depressogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013003 hot bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005555 metalworking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000452 restraining effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of hundred meters of high speed heavy rail production methods of microstress, including: temperature control step, temperature when rail arrives cold bed controls in preset temperature section T1In；Pre-bending step, will arrive cold bed and temperature in preset temperature section T1Interior rail carries out pre-bending process；Straightening step, before rectifying, temperature controls in preset temperature section T2In, and the rail after pre-bending processes is carried out straightening processing.Present invention achieves and do not increasing in the case of extras do not carry out heat treatment, processed by pre-bending and straightening processing makes in the case of hundred meters of steel rail straightness meet " rail for high-speed railway " TB/T3276 standard-required, residual stress ensures within 100MPa, the residual stress that final realization is less, improves the safety coefficient of train operation greatly；Also reduce production cost simultaneously, add the added value of rail, improve the market competitiveness of rail.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metal working technical area, particularly to a kind of hundred meters of high speed heavy rail production methods of microstress.
Background technology
It is known that steel hot rolling or welding after the inhomogeneous cooling of its section, steel tissue undergoes phase transition, steel receive
The cold working such as aligning, can be caused residual stress by External Force Acting；Change caused residual stress and crystal grain the most in a organized way
Between microstress also can cause residual stress.In steel, the existence of residual stress is the most tired to the serviceability of steel
Performance has a great impact, if residual stress is crossed conference and directly affected high-speed railway traffic safety in rail.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is to provide a kind of being capable of during Rail Production and reduces in rail
Hundred meters of high speed heavy rail production methods of the microstress of residual stress.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the invention provides a kind of hundred meters of high speed heavy rail production methods of microstress, including: temperature
Control step, temperature when rail arrives cold bed controls in preset temperature section T1In；Pre-bending step, uses ANSYS finite element mould
Intend analyzing the variations in temperature of rail cooling procedure；Rail pre-bending amount is set according to sunykatuib analysis result；According to described pre-bending amount system
Determine pre-bending curve, and formulate the traveling distance being used for that rail is carried out the pre-bending dolly of pre-bending process according to described pre-bending curve；
Traveling distance according to being formulated carries out pre-bending process by pre-bending dolly to rail；Straightening step, before rectifying, temperature controls
Preset temperature section T2In, and put in order by horizontal roller drafts, horizontal roller in setting equipment for straightening respectively, edger roll drafts
And edger roll puts in order and the rail after pre-bending processes is carried out straightening processing.
Further, set rail pre-bending amount according to sunykatuib analysis result to include: described rail interlude pre-bending amount sets
Unanimously, being gradually increased when described rail front end pre-bending amount is at pre-bending dolly, described rail rear end pre-bending amount is at pre-bending dolly
Time be gradually reduced.
Further, described according to sunykatuib analysis result setting rail pre-bending amount；Prebuckling is formulated according to described pre-bending amount
Line, and include for the traveling distance that rail is carried out the pre-bending dolly of pre-bending process according to the formulation of described pre-bending curve:
Stroke according to equation below setting pre-bending dolly and rail pre-bending amount:
Wherein, x is rail length；Y is rail pre-bending amount.
Further, described rail after pre-bending processes is carried out straightening processing includes: by some in equipment for straightening
Individual horizontal roller reduction settings is between 0mm-25mm, and drafts is subtracted successively by the horizontally arranged order of horizontal roller several described
Little.
Further, described by several horizontal roller reduction settings between 0mm-25mm, drafts press several institutes
State the horizontally arranged order of horizontal roller to be sequentially reduced and specifically include: build rail profile simplified model and rail tensile stress changing pattern
Type；Send out when calculating described rail level aligning respectively according to described rail profile simplified model and rail tensile stress variation model
The pure resilient bending moment of raw pure elastic bending, the elasto bending moment of generation elasto bending；Curved according to described pure elasticity
Described in bent moment, described elasto bending torque setting, several horizontal roller drafts are between 0mm-25mm, if drafts is pressed
A dry horizontally arranged order of described horizontal roller is sequentially reduced.
Further, described rail after pre-bending processes is carried out straightening processing includes: by some in equipment for straightening
Individual edger roll displacement is set between 1mm-18mm, and displacement is sequentially reduced by the horizontally arranged order of edger roll several described.
Further, described being set between 1mm-18mm by several edger roll displacements in equipment for straightening, displacement is pressed
Several horizontally arranged orders of described edger roll are sequentially reduced and specifically include: build rail profile simplified model and rail tensile stress
Variation model；Calculate described rail edger roll respectively according to described rail profile simplified model and rail tensile stress variation model to rectify
There is the pure resilient bending moment of pure elastic bending time straight, the elasto bending moment of elasto bending occurs；According to described pure
Described in resilient bending moment, described elasto bending torque setting, several edger roll displacements are between 1mm-18mm, displacement
It is sequentially reduced by the horizontally arranged order of edger roll several described.
Further, described preset temperature section T1It is: 800 DEG C-900 DEG C；And/or, described preset temperature section T2It is: 0 DEG C-
60℃。
Further, the expression formula of described rail tensile stress variation model is: as ε ＜ εsTime, σ=E* ε；As ε >=εs
Time, σ=σS+E1*(ε-εs)；Wherein, σ is rail yield strength；σSIt it is the rail yield strength limit；ε is strain；εsIt is that surrender should
Become；E is elastic modelling quantity, E1For Young's modulus.
The present invention provide hundred meters of high speed heavy rail production methods of a kind of microstress, by by temperature in preset temperature section T1In
Rail carry out pre-bending process；And temperature is controlled in preset temperature section T2Rail after interior and pre-bending processes is carried out at aligning
Reason；Achieve and do not increasing in the case of extras do not carry out heat treatment, processed by pre-bending and straightening processing makes
In the case of hundred meters of steel rail straightness meet " rail for high-speed railway " TB/T 3276 standard-required, residual stress ensures
Within 100MPa.The less residual stress of final realization improves the safety coefficient of train operation greatly；Also reduce life simultaneously
Produce cost, add the added value of rail, improve the market competitiveness of rail.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly that the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to institute in embodiment
The accompanying drawing used is needed to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawing in describing below is only some enforcements of the present invention
Example, for those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, it is also possible to obtains according to these accompanying drawings
Obtain other accompanying drawing.
Hundred meters of high speed heavy rail production method process charts of microstress that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present invention；And
The technological process of pre-bending step in hundred meters of high speed heavy rail production methods of microstress that Fig. 2 provides for the embodiment of the present invention
Figure；And
Fig. 3 carries out the some processes flow chart during horizontal straightening processing for the rail that the embodiment of the present invention provides；With
And
Fig. 4 carries out the some processes flow chart during edger roll straightening processing for the rail that the embodiment of the present invention provides；With
And
The ANSYS FEM (finite element) model schematic diagram that Fig. 5 provides for the embodiment of the present invention；And
The ANSYS hot analysis mode result that Fig. 6 provides for the embodiment of the present invention contrasts schematic diagram with actual measured results；With
And
The pre-bending curve synoptic diagram that Fig. 7 provides for the embodiment of the present invention；And
The rail profile simplified model schematic diagram that Fig. 8 provides for the embodiment of the present invention；And
The pure elastic bending stress schematic illustration of strain that Fig. 9 provides for the embodiment of the present invention；And
The elasto bending ess-strain schematic diagram that Figure 10 provides for the embodiment of the present invention；And
The bilinear pairings material stress strain model schematic diagram that Figure 11 provides for the embodiment of the present invention；And
Figure 12 only penetrates into the partial cut-away schematic diagram of rail head for the plastic strain that the embodiment of the present invention provides；And
Figure 13 penetrates into the partial cut-away schematic diagram of rail head and the flange of rail for the plastic strain that the embodiment of the present invention provides；And
Figure 14 penetrates into the tunneling boring of rail head and the flange of rail for the plastic strain that the embodiment of the present invention provides, and is connected with the flange of rail
The part web of the rail section at place produces the structural representation of plastic strain；And
Figure 15 penetrates into the tunneling boring of rail head and the flange of rail for the plastic strain that the embodiment of the present invention provides, and with rail head and rail
The part web of the rail section of junction, the end produces the structural representation of plastic strain；And
The horizontal straightening process schematic diagram that Figure 16 provides for the embodiment of the present invention；And
The edger roll straightening process schematic diagram that Figure 17 provides for the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete
Describe, it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the present invention rather than whole embodiments wholely.Based on
Embodiment in the present invention, the every other embodiment that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained, broadly fall into present invention protection
Scope.
It is known that hundred meters of rail are after air cooling, owing to rail profile each position Metal Distribution is different, so cooling speed
Degree and contraction are also different, furthermore metal also can cause change in volume from austenite to perlitic transformation, all can cause deflection of rail.
Owing to rail's end portion metal is bigger than bottom metal proportion, under equal cooling condition, flange of rail rate of cooling is very fast, and rail head
Rate of cooling is relatively slow, and when the flange of rail is cooled to no longer produce contraction distortion, the temperature of rail head is the highest, relays in cooling procedure
Continuous generation contraction distortion, therefore, after rail head cools down completely, whole heavy rail will bend to rail head, and this flexibility is before rectifying
Flexibility.Bending rail cannot be processed, and also cannot use, so finished product rail must be delivered goods with straightened condition, reach straight
State is necessary for aligning rail, and when deflection of rail is spent big, straightening deformation certainly will be excessive, and result can produce bigger
Residual stress, even rectifys disconnected.Based on above-mentioned analysis, in order to reduce the residual stress after aligning, the embodiment of the present invention provide one
Plant hundred meters of high speed heavy rail production methods of microstress, refer to Fig. 1, including:
S101: temperature control step, temperature when rail arrives cold bed controls in preset temperature section T1In；
Specifically, owing to the too low steel rail spring of temperature is excessive during actual job, then pre-bending it is difficult to；Temperature is too high,
Rail Surface hardness is relatively low, then easy galled spots during pre-bending；In order to ensure that rail in abundant pre-bending and does not affect it
Ensure in the case of quality that rail, more than austenitizing temperature, can be arrived temperature control during cold bed by rail arrival cold bed temperature
System is in preset temperature section T1In；Preferably, preset temperature section T1It it is 800 DEG C-900 DEG C.
S102: pre-bending step, uses the variations in temperature of ANSYS FEM Simulation rail cooling procedure；According to simulation
Analysis result sets rail pre-bending amount；Formulate pre-bending curve according to described pre-bending amount, and be used for according to the formulation of described pre-bending curve
Rail is carried out the traveling distance of the pre-bending dolly of pre-bending process；According to the traveling distance formulated by pre-bending dolly to rail
Carry out pre-bending process；
Wherein, rail is special-shaped section shaped steel, and the area of dissipation of section each several part differs relatively big with the ratio of volume, cooling speed
Degree difference is very big, thus causes the uneven distribution of temperature on heavy rail section, causes the amount of contraction of heavy rail section each several part to differ
Sample, produces thermal stress and hot bending square.Namely above-mentioned analysis theories is under equal cooling condition, flange of rail rate of cooling is very fast, and rail
Head rate of cooling is relatively slow, and when the flange of rail is cooled to no longer produce contraction distortion, the temperature of rail head is the highest, in cooling procedure
Continuing to produce contraction distortion, therefore, after rail head cools down completely, whole heavy rail will bend to rail head, and this flexibility is strong
Antecurvature curvature.In order to reduce strong antecurvature curvature, need to carry out pre-bending before rectifying, simultaneously for rational prebending process, can press
Operate according to following concrete steps:
Use the variations in temperature 201 of ANSYS FEM Simulation rail cooling procedure；Set according to sunykatuib analysis result
Rail pre-bending amount 202；Formulate pre-bending curve according to described pre-bending amount, and formulate for rail is carried out according to described pre-bending curve
The traveling distance 203 of the pre-bending dolly that pre-bending processes；Rail is carried out pre-by pre-bending dolly by the traveling distance according to being formulated
Crook reason 204.
In the present embodiment, ANSYS finite element (Fig. 5 is FEM (finite element) model) is used to analyze cooling procedure variations in temperature, by Fig. 6
Visible ANSYS heat analyzes the analog result to heavy rail cooling temperature field, the most identical with actual measured results.Cold according to rail
But curve, due to the friction between rail and cold bed and by head, the restraining function of two sections of rail self of tail, after interlude cooling
Bending less, i.e. rail interlude pre-bending amount can be set to unanimously, keep rail interlude straight；And adopt during the pre-bending of rail front end
With curve, the pre-bending amount at pre-bending dolly is gradually increased, and is gradually reduced when described rail rear end pre-bending amount is at pre-bending dolly,
And formulate pre-bending curve as shown in Figure 7, according to pre-bending curve with a length of X-axis of rail, pre-bending amount is Y-axis, and curve can divide
It it is three sections.End to end two sections of curves are fitted respectively, obtain following pre-bending curvilinear equation and final according to pre-bending curvilinear equation
The stroke of formulation pre-bending dolly:
S103: straightening step, before rectifying, temperature controls in preset temperature section T2In, and by setting in equipment for straightening respectively
Horizontal roller drafts, horizontal roller put in order, edger roll drafts and edger roll put in order to the rail after pre-bending processes
Carry out straightening processing；
Wherein, owing to rail is high-carbon steel, in order to ensure its leveling effect, utilize rail in bigger elasto bending condition
Under, no matter its original curved degree has much differences, and the degree of crook difference remained after spring-go can be substantially reduced, and even can
Reach unanimity；Along with the reduction of press-bending degree, the residual bending after its spring-go unanimously will necessarily tend to null value and reach to align mesh
, just because of being subject to bigger power during steel rail straightening, so straightening temperature is difficult to too high, therefore, before rectifying, temperature controls
Preset temperature section T2In；Preferably, preset temperature section T2It is: 0 DEG C-60 DEG C.
In the present embodiment, the rail after pre-bending processes is carried out straightening processing and includes: several horizontal roller are depressed
Amount is set between 0mm-25mm, and drafts is sequentially reduced by the horizontally arranged order of horizontal roller several described；Specifically: structure
Build rail profile simplified model and rail tensile stress variation model 301；Draw according to described rail profile simplified model and rail
Stretch and the pure resilient bending moment of pure elastic bending, generation bullet occur when STRESS VARIATION model calculates described rail level aligning respectively
The elasto bending moment 302 of plastic bending；According to described pure resilient bending moment, described elasto bending torque setting
Several horizontal roller drafts are between 0mm-25mm, and drafts is sequentially reduced by the horizontally arranged order of horizontal roller several described
303。
Further, when building rail profile simplified model, the optional section to 60kg/m rail simplifies, as
Shown in Fig. 8: b1=73mm, b2=150mm, Z1=95mm, Z2=81mm, a1=55.2mm, a2=61.8mm, t=16.5mm, its
In, b1: rail head width；b2: flange of rail width；z1: the distance of rail head surface to neutral axis；z2: flange of rail surface to neutral axis away from
From；a1: the distance of rail head lower jaw to neutral axis；a2: the distance of flange of rail upper surface to neutral axis, t is web of the rail thickness；Simultaneously because
Rail (high-carbon steel) tensile strength is at more than 880MPa, and during stretching, yield limit is inconspicuous, does not has yield point elongation, and plasticity is occurring
There is the phenomenon that elastoplasticity strengthens during deformation, for the ease of analyzing, use bilinearity strong on the tensile stress-strain model of rail
Changing model to simplify, as shown in figure 11, in figure, OA and OB line segment analytical expression is: as ε ＜ εsTime, σ=E* ε；As ε >=εs
Time, σ=σS+E1*(ε-εs)；Wherein, σ is rail yield strength；σSIt it is the rail yield strength limit；ε is strain；εsIt is that surrender should
Become；E is elastic modelling quantity, E1For Young's modulus.
Stress and strain model after above-mentioned two aspect model simplifications, during deflection of rail process generation elastic-plastic deformation
As shown in Fig. 9 (pure elastic bending), Figure 10 (elasto bending).Below according to flexural deformation degree, rail level is discussed respectively
Plastic bending moment when occurring the bending moment of pure elastic bending and elastic-plastic strain to penetrate into different depth during aligning.
1, bending moment during the pure elastic bending of rail generation；When rail head surface bending stress reaches rail yield limit σS
Time, rail bears the pure resilient bending moment of maximum, and its integral expression is:
In formula, σ=(z/z1)σs, heavy rail cross dimensions data are substituted into, the pure resilient bending moment obtaining maximum is MPlay max
=0.355 σs。
2, bending moment during rail generation elastic-plastic deformation.When bending moment exceedes the elasto bending power that heavy rail is maximum
Square MPlay maxTime, elastic and plastic bending deformation will occur, penetrate into heavy rail section depth according to plastic strain different, can be divided into such as figure
Shown in 12-14 four kind situation, wherein, dash area is plastically deforming area, and blank parts is elastic deformation area:
1. plastic strain only penetrates into the partial cut-away of rail head.The now long z in elastic region half0Meet z2≤z0＜ z1, refer to
Figure 12, bending moment integral expression is:
In formula, Δ σ=(z-z0)/z0σsη, σ=(z/z1)σs, wherein, η is hardening coefficient, for Properties of Heavy Rail Steel η=0.08.
2. plastic strain penetrates into the partial cut-away of rail head and the flange of rail.The now long z in elastic region half0Meet a2≤z0＜ z1, please
Refering to Figure 13, bending moment integral expression is:
3. plastic strain penetrates into the tunneling boring of rail head and the flange of rail, and also produces with the part web of the rail section of flange of rail junction
Plastic strain.The now long z in elastic region half0Meet a2≤z0＜ z1, referring to Figure 14, bending moment integral expression is:
4. plastic strain penetrates into the tunneling boring of rail head and the flange of rail, and with the part web of the rail section of rail head and flange of rail junction
Also plastic strain is created.The now long z in elastic region half0Meet 0 ＜ z0＜ a1, refer to Figure 15, bending moment integral expression
For:
In the present embodiment, the rail after pre-bending processes is carried out straightening processing and also includes: by several edger roll displacements
Amount is set between 1mm-18mm, and displacement is sequentially reduced by the horizontally arranged order of horizontal roller several described；Specifically: structure
Build rail profile simplified model and rail tensile stress variation model 401；Draw according to described rail profile simplified model and rail
Stretch and the pure resilient bending moment of pure elastic bending, generation bullet occur when STRESS VARIATION model calculates described rail edger roll aligning respectively
The elasto bending moment 402 of plastic bending；According to described pure resilient bending moment, described elasto bending torque setting
Several edger roll displacements are between 1mm-18mm, and displacement is sequentially reduced 403 by the horizontally arranged order of edger roll several described.
Further, during vertical aligning, straightening point concentrates on rail head chin part, and heavy rail is risen by the position of roller circle bulge
To being drawn effect.Causing the diastrophic exopathogenic factor of heavy rail is moment of flexure, therefore, carries out vertical straightening process from bending moment angle
Analyze.Data process for convenience, and the section configuration of 60kg/m heavy rail is done suitable simplification, and the symmetrical axle of heavy rail is neutral
Axle, wherein: b1=73mm, b2=150mm, z1=95mm, z2=81mm, a1=55.2mm, a2=61.8mm, t=16.5mm.Order
H=a1+a2, h1=z1-a1, h2=z2-a2.Identical with rail level aligning analysis process, send out when rail edger roll aligning is discussed respectively
The bending moment of raw pure elastic bending and elastic-plastic strain penetrate into plastic bending moment during different depth.
1, bending moment during the pure elastic bending deflection of rail generation；On section bending stress size and this point of certain point from
The distance of neutral axis is directly proportional.When heavy rail occurs pure elastic bending deflection, its bending moment integral expression is:
Section each several part stress distribution is linear elasticity, and its maximum is σs, show that each several part STRESS VARIATION isSubstitution above formula obtains:
As a example by yield strength is as 609Mpa, each parameter is substituted into above formula, obtain M=68.67kN m.
2, bending moment during rail generation elastic and plastic bending deformation；Plastic bending moment during aligning:
Because tunneling boring is in state of plastic deformation, therefore σ1=σ2=σ3=σs, substitute into above formula and arrange and can obtain:
Each parameter is substituted into obtain M=102.91kN m.
Refer to Figure 16-17, bending force when there is pure elastic bending time to sum up to level aligning and edger roll aligning and sending out
Bending moment simulation during raw elastic-plastic deformation and calculating, thus set horizontal roller drafts and ensure between 0mm～25mm, pressure
Lower amount gradually reduces；Edger roll displacement ensures that, between 1mm～18mm, displacement gradually reduces.
Below, the hundred meters of high speed heavy rail production methods of a kind of microstress provided the present invention by example 1-5 are at actual job
During concrete application elaborate, to support the technical problem to be solved further, wherein, rail arrives
Cold bed temperature controls between 800 DEG C～900 DEG C, and before rectifying, temperature controls within 50 DEG C, and straightening of kinked rail rank is 60kg/m, steel
Planting is U71Mn, and its chemical composition is shown in Table 1, and the traveling distance of each pre-bending dolly of example 1-5 is shown in Table 2.1-2.5, example 1-5 Ping Lifu
Closing straightener drafts and displacement is shown in Table 3.1-3.5, at the bottom of the Rail after example 1-5 aligning, residual stress and mechanical property are shown in Table
4:
Table 1: the chemical composition (wt%) of example 1-5 rail
| Composition | C | Si | Mn | P | S |
| Example 1 | 0.6880 | 0.2490 | 1.1870 | 0.0100 | 0.0110 |
| Example 2 | 0.6930 | 0.2430 | 1.1960 | 0.0180 | 0.0120 |
| Example 3 | 0.6880 | 0.2420 | 1.2060 | 0.0160 | 0.0120 |
| Example 4 | 0.6960 | 0.2460 | 1.1940 | 0.0150 | 0.0110 |
| Example 5 | 0.6880 | 0.2600 | 1.1810 | 0.0130 | 0.0100 |
Table 2.1: the stroke (stroke unit is mm) of each pre-bending dolly in example 1
| Dolly sequence number | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| Traversing stroke | 420 | 425 | 435 | 455 | 500 | 520 | 580 | 680 | 790 | 900 |
| Dolly sequence number | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 |
| Traversing stroke | 950 | 1050 | 1260 | 1380 | 1470 | 1620 | 1760 | 1870 | 1920 | 2150 |
| Dolly sequence number | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 |
| Traversing stroke | 1920 | 1870 | 1760 | 1620 | 1470 | 1380 | 1260 | 1050 | 950 | 900 |
| Dolly sequence number | 31 | 32 | 33 | 34 | 35 | 36 | 37 | 38 | 39 | |
| Traversing stroke | 790 | 680 | 580 | 520 | 500 | 455 | 435 | 425 | 420 |
Table 2.2: the stroke (stroke unit is mm) of each pre-bending dolly in example 2
| Dolly sequence number | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| Traversing stroke | 425 | 430 | 440 | 460 | 505 | 525 | 585 | 685 | 795 | 905 |
| Dolly sequence number | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 |
| Traversing stroke | 955 | 1055 | 1265 | 1385 | 1475 | 1625 | 1765 | 1875 | 1925 | 2155 |
| Dolly sequence number | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 |
| Traversing stroke | 1925 | 1875 | 1765 | 1625 | 1475 | 1385 | 1265 | 1055 | 955 | 905 |
| Dolly sequence number | 31 | 32 | 33 | 34 | 35 | 36 | 37 | 38 | 39 | |
| Traversing stroke | 795 | 685 | 585 | 525 | 505 | 460 | 440 | 430 | 425 |
Table 2.3: the stroke (stroke unit is mm) of each pre-bending dolly in example 3
| Dolly sequence number | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| Traversing stroke | 405 | 410 | 420 | 440 | 485 | 5025 | 565 | 665 | 775 | 885 |
| Dolly sequence number | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 |
| Traversing stroke | 935 | 1035 | 1245 | 1365 | 1455 | 1605 | 1745 | 1855 | 1905 | 2135 |
| Dolly sequence number | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 |
| Traversing stroke | 1905 | 1855 | 1745 | 1605 | 1455 | 1365 | 1245 | 1035 | 935 | 885 |
| Dolly sequence number | 31 | 32 | 33 | 34 | 35 | 36 | 37 | 38 | 39 | |
| Traversing stroke | 775 | 665 | 565 | 505 | 485 | 440 | 420 | 410 | 405 |
Table 2.4: the stroke (stroke unit is mm) of each pre-bending dolly in example 4
Table 2.5: the stroke (stroke unit is mm) of each pre-bending dolly in example 5
| Dolly sequence number | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| Traversing stroke | 505 | 510 | 520 | 540 | 585 | 605 | 665 | 785 | 875 | 985 |
| Dolly sequence number | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 |
| Traversing stroke | 1035 | 1145 | 1345 | 1465 | 1555 | 1705 | 1885 | 2055 | 2205 | 2345 |
| Dolly sequence number | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 |
| Traversing stroke | 2205 | 2055 | 1885 | 1705 | 1555 | 1465 | 1345 | 1135 | 1045 | 985 |
| Dolly sequence number | 31 | 32 | 33 | 34 | 35 | 36 | 37 | 38 | 39 | |
| Traversing stroke | 875 | 785 | 665 | 605 | 585 | 540 | 520 | 510 | 505 |
Horizontal roller drafts and edger roll displacement (unit is mm) in table 3.1 example 1
Table 3.2: horizontal roller drafts and edger roll displacement (unit is mm) in example 2
Table 3.3: horizontal roller drafts and edger roll displacement (unit is mm) in example 3
Table 3.4: horizontal roller drafts and edger roll displacement (unit is mm) in example 4
Table 3.5: horizontal roller drafts and edger roll displacement (unit is mm) in example 5
Table 4: flange of rail residual stress and mechanical property
From above-mentioned table 4 (flange of rail residual stress and mechanical property) result, a kind of microstress hundred meters that the present invention provides
High speed heavy rail production method is not increasing in the case of extras do not carry out heat treatment, by optimizing the stroke of pre-bending dolly
And horizontal roller and the drafts of edger roll, meet in the case of " speed per hour 350km standard " require at hundred meters of steel rail straightness, remaining should
Power still ensures that within 100Mpa, finally makes less residual stress greatly improve the safety coefficient of train operation；
Also reduce production cost simultaneously, add the added value of rail, improve the market competitiveness of rail, have simple to operate,
The feature that security performance is high and degree of accuracy is high.
It should be noted last that, above detailed description of the invention only in order to technical scheme to be described and unrestricted,
Although the present invention being described in detail with reference to example, it will be understood by those within the art that, can be to the present invention
Technical scheme modify or equivalent, without deviating from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be contained
In the middle of scope of the presently claimed invention.
Claims (7)
1. hundred meters of high speed heavy rail production methods of a microstress, it is characterised in that including:
Temperature control step, temperature when rail arrives cold bed controls in preset temperature section T1In, described T1More than austenitizing temperature
Degree；Described preset temperature section T1It it is 800 DEG C-900 DEG C；
Pre-bending step, uses the variations in temperature of ANSYS FEM Simulation rail cooling procedure；Set according to sunykatuib analysis result
Determine rail pre-bending amount；Formulate pre-bending curve according to described pre-bending amount, and formulate for rail is carried out according to described pre-bending curve
The traveling distance of the pre-bending dolly that pre-bending processes；Traveling distance according to being formulated carries out pre-crook by pre-bending dolly to rail
Reason；Wherein, described rail is special-shaped section shaped steel, and the flange of rail rate of cooling of described rail is more than the rail head cooling of described rail
Speed；
Straightening step, before rectifying, temperature controls in preset temperature section T2In, and depress by setting horizontal roller in equipment for straightening respectively
Amount, horizontal roller put in order, edger roll drafts and edger roll put in order is carried out at aligning the rail after pre-bending processes
Reason；Described preset temperature section T2It it is 0 DEG C-50 DEG C；
Wherein, the residual stress of described rail is within 100Mpa；The rank of described rail is 60kg/m, and steel grade is U71Mn；
Described rail interlude pre-bending amount sets consistent, is gradually increased, institute when described rail front end pre-bending amount is at pre-bending dolly
State rail rear end pre-bending amount at pre-bending dolly time be gradually reduced.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described according to sunykatuib analysis result setting rail pre-bending amount；
Formulate pre-bending curve according to described pre-bending amount, and formulate the pre-bending for rail being carried out pre-bending process according to described pre-bending curve
The traveling distance of dolly includes:
Stroke according to equation below setting pre-bending dolly and rail pre-bending amount:
Wherein, x is rail length, and y is rail pre-bending amount.
Method the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described to through pre-bending process after rail carry out at aligning
Reason includes:
By several horizontal roller reduction settings in equipment for straightening between 0mm-25mm, drafts presses several described horizontal roller
Horizontally arranged order is sequentially reduced.
Method the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that described by several horizontal roller reduction settings at 0mm-
Between 25mm, drafts is sequentially reduced by the horizontally arranged order of horizontal roller several described and specifically includes:
Build rail profile simplified model and rail tensile stress variation model；
When calculating described rail level aligning respectively according to described rail profile simplified model and rail tensile stress variation model
There is the pure resilient bending moment of pure elastic bending, the elasto bending moment of elasto bending occurs；
According to several horizontal roller drafts described in described pure resilient bending moment, described elasto bending torque setting at 0mm-
Between 25mm, drafts is sequentially reduced by the horizontally arranged order of horizontal roller several described.
Method the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that described to through pre-bending process after rail carry out at aligning
Reason includes:
Being set between 1mm-18mm by several edger roll displacements in equipment for straightening, displacement presses several described edger roll levels
Put in order and be sequentially reduced.
Method the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that described several edger roll displacements in equipment for straightening are set
Between 1mm-18mm, displacement is sequentially reduced by the horizontally arranged order of edger roll several described and specifically includes:
Build rail profile simplified model and rail tensile stress variation model；
When calculating described rail edger roll aligning respectively according to described rail profile simplified model and rail tensile stress variation model
There is the pure resilient bending moment of pure elastic bending, the elasto bending moment of elasto bending occurs；
According to several edger roll displacements described in described pure resilient bending moment, described elasto bending torque setting at 1mm-
Between 18mm, displacement is sequentially reduced by the horizontally arranged order of edger roll several described.
Method the most according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the expression formula of described rail tensile stress variation model is:
As ε ＜ εsTime, σ=E* ε；
As ε >=εsTime, σ=σS+E1*(ε-εs)；
Wherein, σ is rail yield strength；σSIt it is the rail yield strength limit；ε is strain；εsIt it is yield strain；E is springform
Amount, E1For Young's modulus.
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Families Citing this family (8)
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| CN104874612B (en) * | 2015-05-15 | 2017-05-17 | 河北钢铁股份有限公司邯郸分公司 | Hundred-meter-rail double-arc reverse pre-bending process |
| CN107377641A (en) * | 2017-07-28 | 2017-11-24 | 河钢股份有限公司邯郸分公司 | A kind of cold bed pre-bending method before rail is strong |
| CN107815524A (en) * | 2017-09-18 | 2018-03-20 | 武汉百旭新材料有限公司 | A kind of microstress hot-rolled steel stretches production method |
| CN109182715B (en) * | 2018-09-19 | 2020-04-07 | 武汉钢铁有限公司 | Steel rail online heat treatment flatness control method |
| CN109513748B (en) * | 2018-11-28 | 2020-11-24 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | Pre-bending method used before cooling of hectometer steel rail |
| CN110538873A (en) * | 2019-07-26 | 2019-12-06 | 邯郸钢铁集团有限责任公司 | method for controlling residual stress at rail bottom of hectometer steel rail |
| CN111530937B (en) * | 2020-05-07 | 2022-04-12 | 中冶东方工程技术有限公司 | A kind of rolling stock pre-bending control method |
| CN112475821B (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2022-07-19 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | Low-web residual tensile stress steel rail and preparation method thereof |
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