CN103404698B - Soft pellet feed and preparation thereof - Google Patents
Soft pellet feed and preparation thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of feed processing technology, and particularly relates to soft pellet feed and the preparation thereof. The preparation comprises the following steps: taking compositions including whey powder, milk powder, cane sugar, trehalose, soybean phospholipid powder and calcium formate as per the matched ratio, and dissolving the compositions in high fructose corn syrup, so as to produce composite syrup; taking materials including rice, corn, peeled soybean meal and fermented soybean meal as per the matched ratio, and smashing the materials preliminarily; performing ultramicro smashing on the materials in the last step and other raw materials until the particle size is 15 microns, mixing all the materials, and sending the materials into a soft pelleter to carry out pelletizing, wherein the pulverization ratio is less than or equal to 6%; uniformly spraying the composite syrup on the surface of the pellet materials by using a syrup spraying dripping device, wherein the pellet diameter is 1-3 mm; finally, packing into finished products in an automatic and quantitative manner. According to the soft pellet feed provided by the invention, the possibility of hardening of the pellet materials in the storage process can be reduced, the nutrient substance loss in the high-temperature pelletization process can be reduced, while good taste and excellent palatability are realized, and food consumption of piglets is increased.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to feed processing technology field, be specifically related to a kind of soft pellet diet and preparation thereof.
Background technology
The porket granule feedstuff that existing market generally uses, the sugar of general interpolation and whey powder and popcorn or other digestible raw materials etc. many, these raw materials are when temperature is higher, viscosity significantly improves, easily cause difficulty of granulating, simultaneously owing to containing a large amount of starch in raw material, if do not take corresponding measure, the problem of aging of starch is inevitably there is in storage process, thus cause the storage time slightly long products just start to become fragile hardening, easy disintegration, taste bad, thus affect the palatability of product, reduce the feed intake of newborn piglet.Fermenting to primary raw material in feed is address this problem the means often adopted.Particulate material is in process in addition, because high-temperature heating is granulated, causes the loss of heat-sensitive nutrition, reduces feed value, thus affects breeding performonce fo animals.
Application number is the invention " fermentation process of bean dregs " of 201110286615.16, relate to a kind of fermentation process of bean dregs, main feature adopts multi-cultur es composite bacteria liquid that material is fermented in fermentation cabin, and during the fermentation to material timing aerating and stirring, to ensure that material is by uniform fermentation, in fermentation, add the subsequent treatment such as expanded, vacuum drying and cooling, after ensureing fermentation further, the nutritional labeling of material is not damaged simultaneously.Application number is the invention " a kind of microbial fermentation processes of dregs of beans and the application in feed thereof " of 201210371968.6, disclose a kind of microbial fermentation processes of dregs of beans and the application in feed thereof, this dregs of beans adopts ferment-fermented, in mass ratio, this leavening comprises bacillus pumilus 8-10 part; Roy's formula lactobacillus 8-10 part; And wine brewing one, yeast 15-18 part.Fermentation process is that dregs of beans and water mix in the ratio of 0.9-1.1:1.2-1.5, and then the ratio of 3-5% adds leavening in mass ratio in the mixture; At 30-37 DEG C of condition bottom fermentation 72-84 hour.Dregs of beans after fermentation can replace the fish meal in formula for pig forage.Application number is the invention " a kind of pig feed soybean meal fermenting method " of 201210053377.4, disclose a kind of pig feed soybean meal fermenting method, by ripe for soybean frying eight points, then the particle being crushed to diameter 3-5mm makes dregs of beans, then in dregs of beans, water and bacterial classification is added, stir, at 25-30 DEG C of bottom fermentation 36-50h.Further, the weight ratio of dregs of beans, bacterial classification, water is 1000:1:280 ~ 1000:3:320.Further, described bacterial classification comprises lactic acid bacteria, saccharomycete, acetic acid bacteria, actinomyces, bacillus subtilis.This beneficial effect of the invention is, use the fermented bean dregs of this invention to raise pork pig, its speed of growth improves about 15%.
Bean pulp fermentation was all prepared feed by foregoing invention afterwards, the ANFs material in dregs of beans can be removed by fermentable, improve the solubility of dregs of beans albumen, improve the organic acid in fermented bean dregs, macro-molecular protein in dregs of beans is converted into the micromolecule polypeptide being more conducive to digest and assimilate, thus improves the feeding value of dregs of beans.But foregoing invention after still generally adopting fermentation dry or part dry after the method for packaging, fundamentally do not solve not easy-formation and storage life product and to become fragile problem that is hardening, taste bad.Particulate material is in process in addition, because high-temperature heating is granulated, easily causes the loss of heat-sensitive nutrition, reduces feed value, thus affects breeding performonce fo animals.
Therefore, for the deficiencies in the prior art, need badly to provide one easily shaping and can reduce in particulate material reservoir process and harden, reduce the loss of high temperature granulating process Middle nutrition material, there are again good attractant, palatability simultaneously, improve the feed of newborn piglet feed intake.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of soft pellet diet and preparation thereof, soft pellet diet comprises the raw material composition of following parts by weight:
Rice 30-45 part, popcorn 4-8 part, corn 2-6 part, steam fish meal 2-4 part, flour 4-7 part, dehulled soybean meal 2-4 part, whey powder 5-10 part, milk powder 3-5 part, sucrose 1-2 part, trehalose 0.5-1 part, HFCS 0.5-1 part, fermented bean dregs 13-20 part, glucose 2-3 part, soybean lecithin powder 1-2 part, salt 0.3-0.5 part, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 0.8-1.2 part, calcium formate 0.01-0.02 part, amino acid 0.2-0.5 part, complex enzyme 0.05-0.1 part, B B-complex 0.3-0.4 part, composite trace element 0.2-0.6 part; Described composite trace element parts by weight consist of: ferrous sulfate 1-3 part, manganese sulfate 2-4 part, zinc oxide 1-2 part, basic copper chloride 3-6 part, copper sulphate 1-2 part, sodium selenite 1-3 part, cobalt chloride 1-3 part, calcium iodate 2-3 part.
Described whey powder is the preparation of roller drying technique, and wherein lactose is beta lactose (sugariness exceedes alpha-lactose);
Described complex enzyme parts by weight consist of: protease 2-5 part, amylase 1-3 part.
Described amino acid masses ratio is Dlys:Dmet:Dthr:Dtrp:Dval=100:35:63:21:69.
Described B B-complex parts by weight composition is: retinol1-3 parts, calciferol-5 parts, vitamin E 3-6 part.
The preparation method of described fermented bean dregs is as follows:
By bean cake powder and corn flour in mass ratio 15:1-2 mix, obtain mix powder, add 5-8 times of weight water in mix powder and control temperature to 50-70 DEG C, add acid protease and AMS and trypsase, enzymolysis 4h, make the pH value of mixture control at 5.5-6.5 in enzymolysis process, in hydrolysed mix, add the glucose of 1.5%, the magnesium sulfate of 0.1% and 0.5% sodium sulphate after enzymolysis, then in 121 DEG C of moist heat sterilization 15-20min; Mixing bacillus subtilis seed liquor is added in fermentation medium, inoculum concentration is 4-8%, temperature 25-30 DEG C, pH value is under the condition of 5-7, and after adding the pickled vegetable fermentation liquor of hydrolysed mix quality 15-25% after cultivating 15-25h, holding temperature keeps 5-12 hour at 10-18 DEG C.Then dry acquisition fermented bean dregs powder.
Described acid protease addition is the 0.2-1% of bean cake powder quality, and AMS addition is the 0.01-0.05% of bean cake powder quality, and trypsase addition is the 0.4-1% of bean cake powder quality;
Bacillus subtilis strain is respectively CICC10063 and CICC20030; The volume ratio of described CICC10063 and CICC20030 seed liquor is 5:1-3; CICC10063 and CICC20030 seed liquor mixes according to volume ratio after cultivating respectively.
CICC20030 culture medium forms: peptone 5.0g, beef leaching thing 3.0g, NaCl5.0g, agar 15.0g, distilled water 1.0L, 3mg MnSO4H2O, pH7.0.Bacillus subtilis CICC20030 produces the strong bacterial strain of alkali protease.
CICC10063 culture medium forms: NaCl5.0g, beef extract 10.0g, dregs of beans 20g, peptone 10.0g, distilled water 1.0L, pH7.2.CICC10063 produces protease.
Containing active bacillus subtilis in fermented bean dregs powder, the bacillus subtilis number of viable contained in every gram of fermented bean dregs powder is 0.5 × 10
8-8 × 10
8individual.
Described pickled vegetable fermentation liquor is the fermented liquid removing pickles gained after pickle fermentation; Pickled vegetable fermentation liquor prepares after obtaining through the old liquid fermentation of conventional Kimchi or adopt lactic acid bacteria, saccharomycete or its fermented by mixed bacterium vegetables.
Pickled vegetable fermentation liquor obtains and following preparation method also can be adopted to obtain:
Vegetable cleaning, cutting, puts into pickle production container, adds the salinity of the fermenting agent of 0.01-1 g/kg, 0.5-2% sucrose, 0.5-2% subsequently, airtight container; Control temperature carries out the prior fermentation of 15-30 hour at 15-30 DEG C, and control temperature carries out after fermentation in 10-30 hour at 10-25 DEG C subsequently; Seal of vessel between whole yeast phase; After complete separation of fermenting removing vegetables, remaining liq is pickled vegetable fermentation liquor.
Described fermenting agent is lactic acid bacteria or saccharomycete or the two mixed bacteria.
The preparation method of feed of the present invention: by whey powder, milk powder, sucrose, trehalose, soybean lecithin powder and calcium formate component by after proportioning feeding, be dissolved in HFCS, make composite syrup;
By rice, corn, dehulled soybean meal and fermented bean dregs are by carrying out after proportioning feeding just pulverizing; Ultramicro grinding is mix after particle diameter 15 μm together with other raw materials again, then sends into the granulation of soft granulator, pulverization rate≤6%;
Utilize syrup spray drop device by the surface of composite syrup even application to particulate material, particle diameter 1-3mm.Finished product is packaged as finally by automatically packing weighed amount.
Beneficial effect:
Adopt the technique that soft granulating system is combined with syrup spray drop system, although sucrose in raw material, milk powder, the material content that at high temperature viscosity can raise such as popcorn does not reduce, but owing to adopting the soft granulating system that temperature is lower, not only improve the mouthfeel of particulate material, reduce pulverization rate, and it is well shaping, shaped granule is soft, smooth surface, decrease the generation that in pellet storage process, granularity is hardening simultaneously, eliminating compared with dry pellet granulates heats and the loss of dry run Middle nutrition composition, constant product quality, nutrition full price balances, so also can keep soft pellet diet good palatability.Composite syrup is sprayed onto particulate material surface by syrup spray drop system, improves the attractant of product, protect soft with nutrition full price; Adopt trehalose to replace part white granulated sugar, can effectively prevent regrouping of starch chain, delay the aging of starch, reduce the risk that sclerosis easily occurs in product storage process; In soft granulation mode, reduce the loss of the heat-sensitive substance that high temperature granulating mode occurs, improve the water-retaining property of product, nutrition full price and palatability simultaneously.
Trehalose can be filled in starch molecule interchain rapidly and uniformly in the process of starch gelatinization, thus can effectively prevent regrouping of starch chain, delays the aging of starch.Trehalose also has special oxygenate structure in addition, and this structure has well locks water function, effectively can prevent scattering and disappearing of moisture in food, can effectively prevent particulate material along with the hardening gradually generation of the prolongation of period of storage for feedstuff industry.Glucose can directly absorb in addition.
Add complex enzyme, not only the plant and animal proteinoid in feed can be converted into polypeptide and free amino acid, improve animal to the utilization ratio of protein, promote animal, especially the growing of growing animal; And the macromolecules starch in feed can be converted into the Small molecular carbohydrate of absorption easy to digest, promote that early weaned piglets grows fast, reduction enteron aisle far-end does not digest the adverse effect that chyme produces simultaneously, thus reduces weaning brash rate.
Dregs of beans adopts two microorganisms fermentation, particularly rich bacterial classification mixed processing of producing protease, and effectively improve the decomposition efficiency of dregs of beans, the total protein content of fermented bean dregs can reach 56.8%, and methionine content can reach 43.56mg/g, and lysine content can reach 74.872mg/g.The small peptide component that fermented bean dregs protein degradation products middle-molecular-weihydroxyethyl is less than 1000Da accounts for more than 92%.
In fermented bean dregs, add pickled vegetable fermentation liquor and carry out cold fermentation process, increase a large amount of lactic acid bacteria in fermented bean dregs while, the nutriments such as the vegetables vitamin of enrichment in pickled vegetable fermentation liquor are made also to enter dregs of beans, and the pickled vegetable fermentation liquor being rich in lactic acid effectively increases the palatability of feed product, more nutrition is more agreeable to the taste to make fermented bean dregs.
Detailed description of the invention
Product of the present invention composition and technique is described below by specific embodiment.Unless stated otherwise, technological means used in the present invention is method known in those skilled in the art.In addition, embodiment is interpreted as illustrative, but not limits the scope of the invention, and the spirit and scope of the invention only limited by claims.To those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite not deviating from essence of the present invention and scope, the various change carry out technical scheme in these embodiments or change also belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
(1) soft pellet diet, comprises the raw material composition of following parts by weight:
45 parts, rice, popcorn 4 parts, corn 2 parts, steam fish meal 4 parts, 4 parts, flour, dehulled soybean meal 2 parts, whey powder 10 parts, milk powder 3 parts, sucrose 1 part, trehalose 0.5 part, HFCS 0.5 part, fermented bean dregs 13 parts, glucose 3 parts, 1 part, soybean lecithin powder, salt 0.3 part, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 1.2 parts, calcium formate 0.02 part, 0.2 part, amino acid, complex enzyme 0.05 part, B B-complex 0.4 part, composite trace element 0.2 part; Described composite trace element parts by weight consist of: 3 parts, ferrous sulfate, manganese sulfate 2 parts, 1 part, zinc oxide, basic copper chloride 3 parts, 1 part, copper sulphate, sodium selenite 3 parts, cobalt chloride 3 parts, calcium iodate 2 parts.
Described whey powder is the preparation of roller drying technique, and wherein lactose is beta lactose (sugariness exceedes alpha-lactose);
Described complex enzyme parts by weight consist of: 2 parts, protease, amylase 1 part.
Described amino acid masses ratio is Dlys:Dmet:Dthr:Dtrp:Dval=100:35:63:21:69.
Described B B-complex parts by weight composition is: retinol1 part, calciferol part, vitamin E 3 parts.
The preparation method of described fermented bean dregs is as follows:
By bean cake powder and corn flour in mass ratio 15:1 mix, obtain mix powder, add 5 times of weight water in mix powder and control temperature to 50 DEG C, add acid protease and AMS and trypsase, enzymolysis 4h, make the pH value of mixture control 5.5 in enzymolysis process, add the glucose of 1.5%, the magnesium sulfate of 0.1% and 0.5% sodium sulphate by hydrolysed mix after enzymolysis, then in 121 DEG C of moist heat sterilization 15min; In fermentation medium, add mixing bacillus subtilis seed liquor, inoculum concentration is 4%, temperature 25 DEG C, and pH value is under the condition of 5, and after adding the pickled vegetable fermentation liquor of hydrolysed mix quality 15% after cultivating 25h, holding temperature keeps 12 hours at 10 DEG C.Then freeze drying obtains fermented bean dregs powder.
Described acid protease addition is 0.2% of bean cake powder quality, and AMS addition is 0.01% of bean cake powder quality, and trypsase addition is 1% of bean cake powder quality.
Bacillus subtilis strain is respectively CICC10063 and CICC20030; The volume ratio of described CICC10063 and CICC20030 seed liquor is 5:1; CICC10063 and CICC20030 seed liquor mixes according to volume ratio after cultivating respectively.
CICC20030 culture medium forms: peptone 5.0g, beef leaching thing 3.0g, NaCl5.0g, agar 15.0g, distilled water 1.0L, 3mg MnSO4H2O, pH7.0.Bacillus subtilis CICC20030 produces the strong bacterial strain of alkali protease.
CICC10063 culture medium forms: NaCl5.0g, beef extract 10.0g, dregs of beans 20g, peptone 10.0g, distilled water 1.0L, pH7.2.CICC10063 produces protease.
Prepared by bacillus subtilis seed liquor:
(1) first order seed is cultivated: bacillus subtilis slant strains accessed in 500 ml shake flasks, culture medium loading amount 100 milliliters, rotary shaker 180 revs/min, cultivation temperature 30 DEG C, incubation time 24 hours;
(2) secondary seed cultivate: by first order seed according to 10% inoculum concentration access in 500 milliliters of secondary seed shaking flasks, condition of culture is identical with first order seed;
(3) three grades of seed culture: secondary seed is accessed in 5000 milliliters of three grades of seed flask with 10% inoculum concentration, culture medium loading amount 1000 milliliters, rotary shaker 100 revs/min, cultivation temperature 30 DEG C, incubation time 24 hours;
(4) first class seed pot is cultivated: the first class seed pot being 150L with 10% inoculum concentration access total measurement (volume) by three grades of seeds, fermentation medium loading amount 100L, cultivation temperature 28 DEG C, mixing speed 100 revs/min, ventilation (V/V) 1:0.5, tank pressure 0.05MPa, incubation time 24 hours.
Containing activated bacillus subtilis in fermented bean dregs powder, the bacillus subtilis number of viable contained in every gram of fermented bean dregs powder is at 3*10
8.
Pickle preparation method is fermented preparation method of vegetables with denomination of invention, and number of patent application, for described in 201010247425.4, prepares pickles according to the method and is separated acquisition pickled vegetable fermentation liquor.
(2) soft pellet diet preparation method:
By whey powder, milk powder, sucrose, trehalose, soybean lecithin powder and calcium formate component by after proportioning feeding, be dissolved in HFCS, make composite syrup.
By rice, corn, dehulled soybean meal and fermented bean dregs are by carrying out after proportioning feeding just pulverizing; Ultramicro grinding is mix after particle diameter 15 μm together with other raw materials again, then sends into the granulation of soft granulator, pulverization rate≤6%.
Utilize syrup spray drop device by the surface of composite syrup even application to particulate material, particle diameter 1-3mm.Finished product is packaged as finally by automatically packing weighed amount.
Embodiment 2
(1) soft pellet diet, comprises the raw material composition of following parts by weight:
35 parts, rice, popcorn 6 parts, corn 4 parts, steam fish meal 3 parts, 5 parts, flour, dehulled soybean meal 3 parts, whey powder 8 parts, milk powder 4 parts, sucrose 1 part, trehalose 1 part, HFCS 1 part, fermented bean dregs 16 parts, glucose 2 parts, 1.5 parts, soybean lecithin powder, salt 0.4 part, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 1 part, calcium formate 0.01 part, 0.3 part, amino acid, complex enzyme 0.08 part, B B-complex 0.3 part, composite trace element 0.4 part; Described composite trace element parts by weight consist of: 2 parts, ferrous sulfate, manganese sulfate 3 parts, 1 part, zinc oxide, basic copper chloride 5 parts, 1 part, copper sulphate, sodium selenite 2 parts, cobalt chloride 2 parts, calcium iodate 2 parts.
Described whey powder is the preparation of roller drying technique, and wherein lactose is beta lactose (sugariness exceedes alpha-lactose);
Described complex enzyme parts by weight consist of: 4 parts, protease, amylase 2 part.
Described amino acid masses ratio is Dlys:Dmet:Dthr:Dtrp:Dval=100:35:63:21:69.
Described B B-complex parts by weight composition is: dehydroretinol part, vitamine D3 part, vitamin E 5 parts.
The preparation method of described fermented bean dregs is as follows:
By bean cake powder and corn flour in mass ratio 15:2 mix, obtain mix powder, add 6 times of weight water in mix powder and control temperature to 60 DEG C, add acid protease and AMS and trypsase, enzymolysis 4h, make the pH value of mixture control 6 in enzymolysis process, add the glucose of 1.5%, the magnesium sulfate of 0.1% and 0.5% sodium sulphate by hydrolysed mix after enzymolysis, then in 121 DEG C of moist heat sterilization 20min; In fermentation medium, add mixing bacillus subtilis seed liquor, inoculum concentration is 5%, temperature 28 DEG C, and pH value is under the condition of 5-7, and after adding the pickled vegetable fermentation liquor of hydrolysed mix quality 20% after cultivating 20h, holding temperature keeps 8 hours at 15 DEG C.Then dry acquisition fermented bean dregs powder.
Described acid protease addition is 0.5% of bean cake powder quality, and AMS addition is 0.03% of bean cake powder quality, and trypsase addition is 0.8% of bean cake powder quality.
Bacillus subtilis strain is respectively CICC10063 and CICC20030; The volume ratio of described CICC10063 and CICC20030 seed liquor is 5:1.5; CICC10063 and CICC20030 seed liquor mixes according to volume ratio after cultivating respectively.
The seed liquor preparation method of bacillus subtilis CICC10063 and CICC20030 and culture medium are with embodiment 1.
Containing activated bacillus subtilis in fermented bean dregs powder, the bacillus subtilis number of viable contained in every gram of fermented bean dregs powder is 5 × 10
8individual.
Pickled vegetable fermentation liquor adopts following preparation method to obtain:
Vegetable cleaning, cutting, puts into pickle production container, add subsequently the fermenting agent of 0.5 g/kg, 2% sucrose, 1% salinity, airtight container; Control temperature carries out the prior fermentation of 30 hours at 25 DEG C, and control temperature carries out after fermentation in 20 hours at 15 DEG C subsequently; Seal of vessel between whole yeast phase; After complete separation of fermenting removing vegetables, remaining liq is pickled vegetable fermentation liquor.
Described fermenting agent is lactic acid bacteria and saccharomycetic mixed bacteria.
(2) feed producing method is substantially with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3
(1) soft pellet diet, comprises the raw material composition of following parts by weight:
30 parts, rice, popcorn 8 parts, corn 6 parts, steam fish meal 2 parts, 7 parts, flour, dehulled soybean meal 2 parts, whey powder 5 parts, milk powder 5 parts, sucrose 2 parts, trehalose 1 part, HFCS 1 part, fermented bean dregs 20 parts, glucose 2 parts, 2 parts, soybean lecithin powder, salt 0.5 part, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 0.8 part, calcium formate 0.01 part, 0.2 part, amino acid, complex enzyme 0.1 part, B B-complex 0.3 part, composite trace element 0.2 part; Described composite trace element parts by weight consist of: 1 part, ferrous sulfate, manganese sulfate 4 parts, 1 part, zinc oxide, basic copper chloride 6 parts, 2 parts, copper sulphate, sodium selenite 1 part, cobalt chloride 1 part, calcium iodate 3 parts.
Described whey powder is the preparation of roller drying technique, and wherein lactose is beta lactose (sugariness exceedes alpha-lactose);
Described complex enzyme parts by weight consist of: 5 parts, protease, amylase 3 parts.
Described amino acid masses ratio is Dlys:Dmet:Dthr:Dtrp:Dval=100:35:63:21:69.
Described B B-complex parts by weight composition is: 3-Hydroxyretinol part, Vitamin D5 part, vitamin E 6 parts.
The preparation method of described fermented bean dregs is as follows:
By bean cake powder and corn flour in mass ratio 15:2 mix, obtain mix powder, add 8 times of weight water in mix powder and control temperature to 70 DEG C, add acid protease and AMS and trypsase, enzymolysis 4h, make the pH value of mixture control 6.5 in enzymolysis process, add the glucose of 1.5%, the magnesium sulfate of 0.1% and 0.5% sodium sulphate by hydrolysed mix after enzymolysis, then in 121 DEG C of moist heat sterilization 15-20min; In fermentation medium, add mixing bacillus subtilis seed liquor, inoculum concentration is 8%, temperature 30 DEG C, and pH value is under the condition of 7, and after adding the pickled vegetable fermentation liquor of hydrolysed mix quality 25% after cultivating 15h, holding temperature keeps 5 hours at 18 DEG C.Then dry acquisition fermented bean dregs powder.
Described acid protease addition is 1% of bean cake powder quality, and AMS addition is 0.05% of bean cake powder quality, and trypsase addition is 0.4% of bean cake powder quality.
Bacillus subtilis strain is respectively CICC10063 and CICC20030; The volume ratio of described CICC10063 and CICC20030 seed liquor is 5:1-3; CICC10063 and CICC20030 seed liquor mixes according to volume ratio after cultivating respectively.
CICC20030 culture medium forms: peptone 5.0g, beef leaching thing 3.0g, NaCl5.0g, agar 15.0g, distilled water 1.0L, 3mg MnSO4H2O, pH7.0.Bacillus subtilis CICC20030 produces the strong bacterial strain of alkali protease.
CICC10063 culture medium forms: NaCl5.0g, beef extract 10.0g, dregs of beans 20g, peptone 10.0g, distilled water 1.0L, pH7.2.CICC10063 produces protease.
Containing activated bacillus subtilis in fermented bean dregs powder, the bacillus subtilis number of viable contained in every gram of fermented bean dregs powder is 4 × 10
8individual.
Described pickled vegetable fermentation liquor is the fermented liquid removing pickles gained after pickle fermentation; Pickled vegetable fermentation liquor obtains or obtains after employing lactic acid bacteria, saccharomycete or its fermented by mixed bacterium vegetables for be separated vegetables after the old liquid fermented vegetable of conventional Kimchi after.
Pickled vegetable fermentation liquor is separated after adopting traditional fermentation methods to make pickles and obtains pickled vegetable fermentation liquor.
(2) feed producing method is substantially with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 4
Feeding effect is verified: the soft pellet diet adopting embodiment 2 to prepare does following demonstration test.
(1) test material
(1) test period: tested in May, 2012, last 14 days.
(2) test site: kind pig farm, Fengshan, Liaoning Province.
(3) experimental animal: select the long white three way cross certified milk piglet totally 160 of Duroc * great Bai *.
(4) daily ration is tested: test establishes totally 2 process of control group and test group, each process 8 repetition.Experimental group is the soft pellet diet of example 1 of the present invention.Control group feed is the feed that conventional market sells containing fermented bean dregs powder.
(2) test method
(1) experimental design
This test adopts single factor test Random Design, wean about selecting 28 ages in days pig, average original body mass be about Duroc × length of 8.52 ± 0.72kg in vain × great Bai three way cross healthy growth pig totally 160, by the close principle similar with hereditary basis of body weight, be divided into 2 process at random, two kinds of different daily rations of feeding respectively.Each process 8 repetition, each repetition (circle) 10 pigs, male and female half and half, experimental period is the last fortnight after wean.14 days experimental periods, record feed intake, weighing test is initial and end is heavy, and calculates daily gain, daily ingestion amount and feed-weight ratio.
(2) feeding and management
Test pig is raised in confined swine housing, bed is raised, well-ventilated.Duration of test free choice feeding and drinking-water, without raising the phase in advance.Carry out disinfection by pig farm conventional program, expelling parasite and immunity.
(3) testing index
A. ration ingredient
The method that diet dry substance, thick protein, calcium and total phosphorus are recommended with reference to National Standard of the People's Republic of China GB/T6435-1986, GB/T6432-1994, GB/T6436-2002 and GB/T6437-2002 respectively measures.
Daily ration sample measures 15 seed amino acids and sulfur-containing amino acid through hydrochloric acid hydrolysis 24h automatic amino acid analyzer (Hitachi L-8800, Japan) after performic oxidation 16h at 6mol/L hydrochloric acid hydrolysis 24h and 0 DEG C respectively at 110 DEG C; After being hydrolyzed 22h with 4mol/L NaOH at 110 DEG C, high performance liquid chromatograph (Shimadzu LC-10A, Japan) is used to measure tryptophan.
B. growth performance
Respectively at each on-test and at the end of morning on an empty stomach individuality weigh, to repeat (circle) for unit record feed consumption rate, calculate average daily gain, average daily ingestion amount and feed weightening finish and compare.
(4) statistical analysis
After test data Excel software carries out preliminary treatment, adopt general linear model (general linear model, GLM) the modeling statistics analysis (SAS, 2001) of SAS8.2.
(3) results and analysis
Two kinds of feeds are to the contrast table of newborn piglet growth performance
| ? | Control group one | Test group |
| Starting weight (kg) | 8.55±0.77 | 8.49±0.70 |
| End heavy (kg) | 12.02±0.54 | 13.05±0.35 |
| Average daily gain (g/d) | 247.86±55A | 325.71±0.62B |
| Average daily ingestion amount (g/d) | 405.36 | 485.25 |
| Feed/weightening finish | 1.64 | 1.49 |
| Hair color marking (ten point system) | 5.5 | 8.5 |
| ? | ? | ? |
Result shows, the growth performance of control group and test group comprises feed intake, average daily gain, feed-weight ratio, all has clear improvement compared with control group: average daily gain improves 31.41%, and average daily ingestion amount improves 19.71%, and feedstuff-meat ratio reduces by 9.15%.Experimental group antibiotic dosage reduces 65-80% than control group; Result of the test shows, feed of the present invention significantly improves palatability and the feed intake of newborn piglet, improves immunity and the general level of the health of newborn piglet.Thus improve income of raising pigs.
Claims (9)
1. a soft pellet diet, is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight:
Rice 30-45 part, popcorn 4-8 part, corn 2-6 part, steam fish meal 2-4 part, flour 4-7 part, dehulled soybean meal 2-4 part, whey powder 5-10 part, milk powder 3-5 part, sucrose 1-2 part, trehalose 0.5-1 part, HFCS 0.5-1 part, fermented bean dregs 13-20 part, glucose 2-3 part, soybean lecithin powder 1-2 part, salt 0.3-0.5 part, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 0.8-1.2 part, calcium formate 0.01-0.02 part, amino acid 0.2-0.5 part, complex enzyme 0.05-0.1 part, B B-complex 0.3-0.4 part, composite trace element 0.2-0.6 part, described composite trace element parts by weight consist of: ferrous sulfate 1-3 part, manganese sulfate 2-4 part, zinc oxide 1-2 part, basic copper chloride 3-6 part, copper sulphate 1-2 part, sodium selenite 1-3 part, cobalt chloride 1-3 part, calcium iodate 2-3 part,
Described whey powder is the preparation of roller drying technique, and wherein lactose is beta lactose;
Described complex enzyme parts by weight consist of: protease 2-5 part, amylase 1-3 part;
Described amino acid masses ratio is Dlys:Dmet:Dthr:Dtrp:Dval=100:35:63:21:69;
Described B B-complex parts by weight composition is: retinol1-3 parts, calciferol-5 parts, vitamin E 3-6 part;
It is characterized in that, the preparation method of described fermented bean dregs is as follows: by bean cake powder and corn flour in mass ratio 15:1-2 mix, obtain mix powder, add 5-8 times of weight water in mix powder and control temperature to 50-70 DEG C, add acid protease and AMS and trypsase, enzymolysis 4h, the pH value of mixture is made to control at 5.5-6.5 in enzymolysis process, the glucose of 1.5%, the magnesium sulfate of 0.1% and 0.5% sodium sulphate is added by hydrolysed mix, then in 121 DEG C of moist heat sterilization 15-20min after enzymolysis; Add mixing bacillus subtilis seed liquor, inoculum concentration is 4-8%, temperature 25-30 DEG C, pH value is under the condition of 5-7, and after adding the pickled vegetable fermentation liquor of hydrolysed mix quality 15-25% after cultivating 15-25h, holding temperature keeps 5-12 hour at 10-18 DEG C; Then dry acquisition fermented bean dregs powder.
2. a kind of soft pellet diet as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, comprises the raw material composition of following parts by weight:
35 parts, rice, popcorn 6 parts, corn 4 parts, steam fish meal 3 parts, 5 parts, flour, dehulled soybean meal 3 parts, whey powder 8 parts, milk powder 4 parts, sucrose 1 part, trehalose 1 part, HFCS 1 part, fermented bean dregs 16 parts, glucose 2 parts, 1.5 parts, soybean lecithin powder, salt 0.4 part, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 1 part, calcium formate 0.01 part, 0.3 part, amino acid, complex enzyme 0.08 part, B B-complex 0.3 part, composite trace element 0.4 part; Described composite trace element parts by weight consist of: 2 parts, ferrous sulfate, manganese sulfate 3 parts, 1 part, zinc oxide, basic copper chloride 5 parts, 1 part, copper sulphate, sodium selenite 2 parts, cobalt chloride 2 parts, calcium iodate 2 parts.
3. a kind of soft pellet diet as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, acid protease addition described in the preparation of fermented bean dregs is the 0.2-1% of bean cake powder quality, a-amylase addition is the 0.01-0.05% of bean cake powder quality, and trypsase addition is the 0.4-1% of bean cake powder quality.
4. a kind of soft pellet diet as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that, described Bacillus subtilis strain is respectively CICC10063 and CICC20030; The volume ratio of described CICC10063 and CICC20030 seed liquor is 5:1-3; CICC10063 and CICC20030 seed liquor mixes according to volume ratio after cultivating respectively;
CICC20030 culture medium forms: peptone 5.0g, beef leaching thing 3.0g, NaCl5.0g, agar 15.0g, distilled water 1.0L, 3mgMnSO4H2O, pH7.0;
CICC10063 culture medium forms: NaCl5.0g, beef extract 10.0g, dregs of beans 20g, peptone 10.0g, distilled water 1.0L, pH7.2.
5. a kind of soft pellet diet as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, pickled vegetable fermentation liquor adopts following preparation method to obtain: vegetable cleaning, cutting, put into pickle production container, add the salinity of the fermenting agent of 0.01-1 g/kg, 0.5-2% sucrose, 0.5-2% subsequently, airtight container; Control temperature carries out the prior fermentation of 15-30 hour at 15-30 DEG C, and control temperature carries out after fermentation in 10-30 hour at 10-25 DEG C subsequently; Seal of vessel between whole yeast phase; After complete separation of fermenting removing vegetables, remaining liq is pickled vegetable fermentation liquor; Described fermenting agent is lactic acid bacteria or saccharomycete or the two mixed bacteria.
6. prepare a method for the arbitrary described soft pellet diet of claim 1-5, comprise the steps:
By whey powder, milk powder, sucrose, trehalose, soybean lecithin powder and calcium formate component by after proportioning feeding, be dissolved in HFCS, make composite syrup; By rice, corn, dehulled soybean meal and fermented bean dregs are by carrying out after proportioning feeding just pulverizing; Ultramicro grinding is mix after particle diameter 15 μm together with other raw materials again, then sends into the granulation of soft granulator, pulverization rate≤6%; Utilize syrup spray drop device by the surface of composite syrup even application to particulate material, particle diameter 1-3mm; Be finished product finally by automatic packing balance quantitative package.
7. prepare the method for soft pellet diet as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, the preparation method of described fermented bean dregs is as follows:
By bean cake powder and corn flour in mass ratio 15:1-2 mix, obtain mix powder, add 5-8 times of weight water in mix powder and control temperature to 50-70 DEG C, add acid protease and AMS and trypsase, enzymolysis 4h, make the pH value of mixture control at 5.5-6.5 in enzymolysis process, add the glucose of 1.5%, the magnesium sulfate of 0.1% and 0.5% sodium sulphate by hydrolysed mix after enzymolysis, then in 121 DEG C of moist heat sterilization 15-20min; Add mixing bacillus subtilis seed liquor, inoculum concentration is 4-8%, temperature 25-30 DEG C, pH value is under the condition of 5-7, and after adding the pickled vegetable fermentation liquor of hydrolysed mix quality 15-25% after cultivating 15-25h, holding temperature keeps 5-12 hour at 10-18 DEG C; Then dry acquisition fermented bean dregs powder;
The 0.01-0.05% of described acid protease addition to be the 0.2-1% of bean cake powder quality, a-amylase addition be bean cake powder quality, trypsase addition is the 0.4-1% of bean cake powder quality.
8. prepare the method for soft pellet diet as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, described Bacillus subtilis strain is respectively CICC10063 and CICC20030; The volume ratio of described CICC10063 and CICC20030 seed liquor is 5:1-3; CICC10063 and CICC20030 seed liquor mixes according to volume ratio after cultivating respectively;
CICC20030 culture medium forms: peptone 5.0g, beef leaching thing 3.0g, NaCl5.0g, agar 15.0g, distilled water 1.0L, 3mgMnSO4H2O, pH7.0;
CICC10063 culture medium forms: NaCl5.0g, beef extract 10.0g, dregs of beans 20g, peptone 10.0g, distilled water 1.0L, pH7.2.
9. prepare a method for the arbitrary described soft pellet diet of claim 1-5, it is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
Soft pellet diet is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight: 35 parts, rice, popcorn 6 parts, corn 4 parts, steam fish meal 3 parts, 5 parts, flour, dehulled soybean meal 3 parts, whey powder 8 parts, milk powder 4 parts, sucrose 1 part, trehalose 1 part, HFCS 1 part, fermented bean dregs 16 parts, glucose 2 parts, 1.5 parts, soybean lecithin powder, salt 0.4 part, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 1 part, calcium formate 0.01 part, 0.3 part, amino acid, complex enzyme 0.08 part, B B-complex 0.3 part, composite trace element 0.4 part; Described composite trace element parts by weight consist of: 2 parts, ferrous sulfate, manganese sulfate 3 parts, 1 part, zinc oxide, basic copper chloride 5 parts, 1 part, copper sulphate, sodium selenite 2 parts, cobalt chloride 2 parts, calcium iodate 2 parts;
By whey powder, milk powder, sucrose, trehalose, soybean lecithin powder and calcium formate component by after proportioning feeding, be dissolved in HFCS, make composite syrup; By rice, corn, dehulled soybean meal and fermented bean dregs are by carrying out after proportioning feeding just pulverizing; Ultramicro grinding is mix after particle diameter 15 μm together with other raw materials again, then sends into the granulation of soft granulator, pulverization rate≤6%; Utilize syrup spray drop device by the surface of composite syrup even application to particulate material, particle diameter 1-3mm; Finished product is packaged as finally by automatically packing weighed amount;
Described whey powder is the preparation of roller drying technique, and wherein lactose is beta lactose;
Described complex enzyme parts by weight consist of: 4 parts, protease, amylase 2 part;
Described amino acid masses ratio is Dlys:Dmet:Dthr:Dtrp:Dval=100:35:63:21:69;
Described B B-complex parts by weight composition is: dehydroretinol part, vitamine D3 part, vitamin E 5 parts;
The preparation method of described fermented bean dregs is as follows: by bean cake powder and corn flour in mass ratio 15:2 mix, obtain mix powder, add 6 times of weight water in mix powder and control temperature to 60 DEG C, add acid protease and AMS and trypsase, enzymolysis 4h, make the pH value of mixture control 6 in enzymolysis process, add the glucose of 1.5%, the magnesium sulfate of 0.1% and 0.5% sodium sulphate by hydrolysed mix after enzymolysis, then in 121 DEG C of moist heat sterilization 20min; Add mixing bacillus subtilis seed liquor, inoculum concentration is 5%, temperature 28 DEG C, and pH value is under the condition of 5-7, after adding the pickled vegetable fermentation liquor of hydrolysed mix quality 20% after cultivating 20h, holding temperature keeps 8 hours at 15 DEG C, then dry acquisition fermented bean dregs powder;
Described acid protease addition is 0.5%, a-amylase addition of bean cake powder quality is 0.03% of bean cake powder quality, and trypsase addition is 0.8% of bean cake powder quality;
Bacillus subtilis strain is respectively CICC10063 and CICC20030; The volume ratio of described CICC10063 and CICC20030 seed liquor is 5:1.5; CICC10063 and CICC20030 seed liquor mixes according to volume ratio after cultivating respectively; CICC20030 culture medium forms: peptone 5.0g, beef leaching thing 3.0g, NaCl5.0g, agar 15.0g, distilled water 1.0L, 3mgMnSO4H2O, pH7.0; CICC10063 culture medium forms: NaCl5.0g, beef extract 10.0g, dregs of beans 20g, peptone 10.0g, distilled water 1.0L, pH7.2;
Prepared by bacillus subtilis seed liquor:
(1) first order seed is cultivated: bacillus subtilis slant strains accessed in 500 ml shake flasks, culture medium loading amount 100 milliliters, rotary shaker 180 revs/min, cultivation temperature 30 DEG C, incubation time 24 hours;
(2) secondary seed cultivate: by first order seed according to 10% inoculum concentration access in 500 milliliters of secondary seed shaking flasks, condition of culture is identical with first order seed;
(3) three grades of seed culture: secondary seed is accessed in 5000 milliliters of three grades of seed flask with 10% inoculum concentration, culture medium loading amount 1000 milliliters, rotary shaker 100 revs/min, cultivation temperature 30 DEG C, incubation time 24 hours;
(4) first class seed pot is cultivated: the first class seed pot being 150L with 10% inoculum concentration access total measurement (volume) by three grades of seeds, fermentation medium loading amount 100L, cultivation temperature 28 DEG C, mixing speed 100 revs/min, ventilation V/V1:0.5, tank pressure 0.05MPa, incubation time 24;
Pickled vegetable fermentation liquor adopts following preparation method to obtain: vegetable cleaning, and pickle production container is put in cutting, add subsequently the fermenting agent of 0.5 g/kg, 2% sucrose, 1% salinity, airtight container; Control temperature carries out the prior fermentation of 30 hours at 25 DEG C, and control temperature carries out after fermentation in 20 hours at 15 DEG C subsequently; Seal of vessel between whole yeast phase; After complete separation of fermenting removing vegetables, remaining liq is pickled vegetable fermentation liquor; Described fermenting agent is lactic acid bacteria and saccharomycetic mixed bacteria.
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| CN103734549B (en) * | 2014-01-27 | 2015-07-08 | 辽宁禾丰牧业股份有限公司 | Large-grain milk replacer and preparing method thereof |
| CN104206915B (en) * | 2014-09-16 | 2016-05-11 | 唐山师范学院 | Promote production method and the application thereof of the additive of piglet growth |
| CN105309807A (en) * | 2015-11-05 | 2016-02-10 | 中粮饲料有限公司 | Nutrient composition for animals and preparation method thereof |
| CN107821764B (en) * | 2017-12-05 | 2021-09-07 | 武汉轻工大学 | Soft pellet shrimp feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN108208554A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2018-06-29 | 浙江工商大学 | A kind of processing method of fast food the Liao Dynasty ginseng milled congee |
| CN108464393A (en) * | 2018-04-17 | 2018-08-31 | 佛山市雷米高动物营养保健科技有限公司 | A kind of pet composition and preparation method thereof containing fermented bean dregs |
| CN111616392B (en) * | 2020-06-28 | 2021-12-28 | 江苏波杜农牧股份有限公司 | Feed preparation system with feed pulp wrapping function and feed processing method |
| CN112219947B (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2023-06-06 | 新疆希普生物科技股份有限公司 | Composition containing cottonseed protein powder and preparation method thereof |
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