CN103371796A - Demonstrator with two-eye visual function - Google Patents
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- CN103371796A CN103371796A CN2012101166240A CN201210116624A CN103371796A CN 103371796 A CN103371796 A CN 103371796A CN 2012101166240 A CN2012101166240 A CN 2012101166240A CN 201210116624 A CN201210116624 A CN 201210116624A CN 103371796 A CN103371796 A CN 103371796A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a demonstrator with a two-eye visual function. The demonstrator comprises two shell simple eyes, a main board and an auxiliary board. The demonstrator is used in three-dimensional and planar image demonstration for false images (double-images) generated by strabismus, the degree of diplopia and main types of disordered binocular vision. The demonstrator also displays the want-to-see relation of finally sensed imaging position to optical axis, eye position and extraocular muscle. 'Replicating' and repeated and fast comparison can be performed according to detection results of a patient. The patients are allowed to participate and make decisions on their own to reasonably wear and change proper glasses in order to ease the symptom. Optometrists and oculists can master binocular vision detection technologies and treatment methods quickly. The attributes, namely 'optical medicine and medical apparatus', of the glasses can be highlighted, and friendly competition of prescription market is promoted. The demonstrator is ingenious in design and simple in structure, is simpler for crucial decomposition and evolution, and allows for corresponding three-dimensional and planar demonstration which is popular and easy to understand with clear causal relationship and which is highly logical and convincing. In addition, the demonstrator meets the needs of the healthcare and description market and is suitable for use in eyeglasses stores, ophthalmology and visual training rooms.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to an optometry field, relate to a kind of apparatus for demonstrating of binocular vision function.
Background technology
Binocular vision function can cause the asthenopia of general symptom unusually, and China patient at least one hundred million.Opposite with traditional view, the patient often be bore hole or wear mirror also clear, without obviously the stravismus, physiology of eye sign normal, symptom often is invisible, non-distinctive.As correct the ametropia that most people exist, or glasses be changed to more reasonable, suitable, but mostly symptom is extenuated.
But the stereopsis vision specialty is abstract, complicated, understands difficulty, and the suggestion of " wear, change suitable glasses---carry out optical therapeutic for extenuating symptom " often is rejected.
The Chinese search result, existing without the device similar to the present invention's " apparatus for demonstrating of binocular vision function ", also without " schematic model " relevant with binocular vision function.
The present invention has significant advantage and beneficial effect:
Use patent device, the patient can " see " that sight line is different from vision, and normal visual acuity not necessarily sight line is normal, understands the implication of stereopsis vision specialty " minimum standards ".Can " copy " patient's eyes according to testing result, tangible, control the position that causes patient's general symptom.Make it recognize " optical therapeutic "---the necessity that " to extenuate symptom as purpose " worn, changed rationally suitable glasses.
Design ingenious, simple in structure.Abbreviate, crucial decomposition, evolution, and three-dimensional peaceful face demonstration is corresponding, easy-to-understand, cause effect relation is clear and definite, and logicality, cogency are strong.
Meet health care, join the mirror market demand.
Be fit to the use of continuing educating of optician's shop, ophthalmology, visual exercise chamber, teaching, relevant speciality clinicist.
Use patent device, the prism tier pole (that is: stepped prism) that needs eye muscle section to use also can without comprehensive optometry instrument.
List of references:
1. Qu Jia. optometry theory and method. Beijing: People's Health Publisher, 2005.93.
2. Wang Guang cease raining or snowing. stereopsis vision is learned. Beijing: People's Health Publisher, 2005.30.
3. Lv Fan. tiltedly amblyopia and eyes are looked treatment technology. Beijing: Higher Education Publishing House, 2005.83-85.
4. Qu Jia. science of spectacles. Beijing: the People's Health Publisher, 2004. prefaces-4.
5. Lv Fan. pay attention to the unusual clinical research of functional stereopsis vision. ophthalmology 2006,15 (5): 299-301.
6. the Shen row is strong. glasses optics. and Tianjin science tech publishing house, 1997.377-382.
Summary of the invention
Apparatus for demonstrating of the present invention is reduced to simple and easy eye with eyeball: only have a semicircle protruding ball lens to do the ghost of half cornea.The patient controls simple and easy eye and takes aim at two lampets of seeing on the same line, and the simple and easy eye of a deflection then lampet becomes false as off-line, and separation degree is different and different with deflection.
Simple and easy eye is combined with the Ma Shi bar of intercepting 1/2.
Subplate with two lampets can stand, puts down, far put, and subplate has two color grids, and is symmetrical up and down, quantizes the displacement of false picture.
Represent eyeball with the flat cutting sheet, the Process Decomposition that will " see ", evolution are three tangible lines: " wanting to see line " " visual axis " " as line ".Show that want to see and the relation optical axis, eye position, extraocular muscles and objective imaging, the position of experiencing.
Demonstrate out with three-dimensional and the two kinds of form images in plane: the vacation picture (double image) that stravismus produces, diplopia degree, character, melt the picture storage level, the extraocular muscles force unbalance, the minimum standards (Sheard and Percival criterion) of assessment, prediction symptom, near point of convergence, gradient AC/A, vertical squint, cornea optical reflection etc., and the unusual main Types of stereopsis vision.
The technical problem that this apparatus for demonstrating will solve is, rectangular thin plate demonstration board mainboard and subplate: the simple and easy eye that inserts two same housings on the mainboard, half of the protruding ball lens of intercepting circle+3.00DS becomes semicircle to do cornea half, and its top, other position of half cornea are empty.A circular portion of utmost point section is done bonnet behind the simple and easy eye, can open.
About two same: the eyeball of flat cutting sheet, rear utmost point section drift bolt is integrated with the visual axis of the expression optical axis, visual axis is also moving during Rotation of eyeball.Want to see line, the expression subjective wishes is rotated separately.The picture line of soft silk thread is drawn from the drift bolt bolt, points to objective imaging, wants the position that the person of seeing experiences.
The subplate vertical line is packed with lamp, lower lamp, and left and right sides grid divides two colors.
Beneficial effect:
Stereopsis vision abnormity asthenopia belongs to the psychosomatic medicine category together with hypertension, diabetes, Peptic Ulcers, coronary heart disease, asthma, malignant tumor etc., also might cause the organic disease (traditional Chinese medical science: the strongly fragrant rear disease of elder generation).Long-term certain discomfort of eye is also long-term: headache, neck, shoulder, backache, articulations digitorum manus is numb, and is dizzy, the autonomic nervous dysfunction, gastrointestinal dysfunction, nausea and vomiting, inappetence, distension, constipation, sleepy, hypomnesis, agitation, insomnia, whole body fatigue is unable, and vasomotion (blood pressure) is unusual, facial spasm, absent minded, " sleepy type student's syndrome " is sick of read-write, sub-health state, should do " regular optometry " (i.e. " the medical science optometry ") that comprises that stereopsis vision detects, get rid of asthenopia, carry out the treatment of " diagnostic ".But stereopsis vision detection technique and diagnostic method are not grasped in ninety percent ophthalmologists, many optician's shops.The muscular asthenopia that the general symptom is typically arranged, ophthalmology, join mirror unit but Chang Buneng obtain diagnosis and treatment." patient is blind to run, and is shouldering and is bearing.Each doctor of section respectively blows each and transfers." the invention apparatus for demonstrating, can make elementary optometrist, ophthalmologists grasp rapidly detection technique and diagnoses and treatment.
The query that the asthenopia patient is natural, as not obtaining satisfied the explanation, the consumption that is easy to do misleads: " why saying my (recessive, latency) stravismus? " " vision how with head, neck and shoulder pain; gastrointestinal upset ... relevant? " how " my ' stereopsis vision is unusual ' serious method? " " with regard to (poor) a little number of degrees; join, wear, change mirror and be necessary? " " daily impact is little; be reluctant that Dai Jing has other way? " this utility model is that the patient participates in demonstration, " copy " eye of oneself, can certainly draw a conclusion.
China glasses wearer 400,000,000, " resist glasses, social common fault " should wear, the person of not wearing 6 10,000,000 at least.Many glasses " improve but asthenopia of vision ", and " though qualified improper " be " medicine is qualified, and it is wrong to write out a prescription " seemingly.Use this device, can highlight glasses due " optics medicine " " medical apparatus " attribute, promote to join the benign competition of mirror market, improve " population is worn the mirror rate ".
Stereopsis vision is unusual and ametropia interacts, can not separate, and symptom is same, extenuates same by wearing, change suitable glasses.The inventor uses this device to be combined with for many years with " ametropia is seen and far seen near apparatus for demonstrating " (another invention ZL 2,009 2 0251945.5 of the inventor), " suspected patient " symptom is extenuated mostly, and oneself confirmation has cause effect relation with glasses: once thought the symptom of " certain illness " or " certain organic disease causes ", real be " with the different disease of disease " or with asthenopia " vicious cycle " " intersect performance " (clinical evidence of evidence-based medicine EBM).
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is:
The apparatus for demonstrating of this binocular vision function comprises the simple and easy eye 1 of two same ellipses, housing.Two is same: the flat cutting sheet 10 of oval eyeball.Insert and follow closely on a rectangular thin plate demonstration board mainboard 2.
Two same simple and easy eyes 1 about inserting on the demonstration board mainboard 2: half of the protruding ball lens of intercepting circle+3.00DS becomes semicircle, does lower cornea 4, and its top is cornea sky 5.One circular portion at simple and easy eye 1 rear portion is done bonnet 17, opens rear patient's a glance and takes aim at from here and see.
About on the demonstration board mainboard 2 there being nail two same: the flat cutting sheet 10 of oval eyeball is integrated with banded visual axis 14.There are medial rectus 12 and lateral rectus 13 in the both sides of flat cutting sheet 10.Drift bolt 11 is in the rear utmost point section perforation of flat cutting sheet 10, and is during flat cutting sheet 10 left-right rotation, also moving with the visual axis 14 of its one.Strip wants to see line 15, below drift bolt 11 flat cutting sheets 10, draw after 11 perforation of same drift bolt, is not connected independent left-right rotation with flat cutting sheet 10.The picture line 16 of soft silk thread can change separately direction, fast guide demonstration board subplate 3 into above flat cutting sheet 10, after same drift bolt 11 bolts are drawn, be stretching.
Demonstration board subplate 3: grid color left blue 8, right red 9.Be packed with lamp 6, lower lamp 7 at vertical line.
The Ma Shi bar that optometry is used along pillar lens direction intercepting 1/2, becomes semicircle.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention.
Wherein: 1, simple and easy eye 2, demonstration board mainboard 3, demonstration board subplate 4, lower cornea 5, cornea sky 6, upper lamp 7, lower lamp 8, left blue 9, right red 10, flat cutting sheet 11, drift bolt 12, medial rectus 13, lateral rectus 14, visual axis 15, want to see line 16, as line 17, bonnet 18, carriage 19, triangular plate 20, Rectus muscle
The specific embodiment
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
About two same simple and easy eyes 1: half of the protruding ball lens of intercepting+3.00DS becomes semicircle, does lower cornea 4.That is: the cornea of full circle shape is removed half, and the position of the top of lower cornea 4, half cornea of removal is empty, and this vacancy is cornea sky 5.Simple and easy eye 1 is oval, hollow shell, and the surface is drawn and dissected the eyeball profile.Distance between lower cornea 4 and the bonnet 17, that is: simple and easy eye 1 internal diameter 10cm～12cm.Under have pillar to be inserted on the rectangular thin plate demonstration board mainboard 2.The eye muscle that 6 flexible glues are arranged is about 2 times into simple and easy eye 1 diameter, is attached to the outside of simple and easy eye, hangs down after drawing backward, when needing particularity that demonstration eye muscle tractive has an effect, can simulate the extraocular muscles anatomic construction and bring funnel, taper together.(annotate: accompanying drawing only draws the sub-fraction of a Rectus muscle.) the tractive eye muscle, simple and easy eye 1 can rotate on demonstration board mainboard 2 by a small margin, shows that the strength of eye muscle determines the eyeball direction, and eye muscle is the reason that causes looking side ways with the general symptom unusually.
The circular bonnet 17 at rear portion, diameter 5cm opens rear patient a glance and takes aim at from here and see.
(keep flat shown in the accompanying drawing, do not erect) when subplate 3 vertically erects, with the about 45cm of lower cornea 4 distances.
Subplate 3 vertically erects, and opens bonnet 17, and the patient takes aim to the subplate 3 that erects thus and sees.The link of opening can make the patient recognize sight line through lower cornea 4, be exactly simple and easy eye optical fundus imaging, be simple and easy eye " affiliated people " is seen.Make the patient with being adjusted into up and down of seeing of take aim at: the straight flange of the level of semicircular lower cornea 4, take aim between lower lamp 7 and upper lamp 6.That is: sight line is through lower cornea 4 appreciable lower lamps 7, and for this simple and easy eye 1 " affiliated people " sees, sight line is through the empty 5 appreciable upper lamps 6 of the cornea of simple and easy eye 1, non-should simple and easy 1 " affiliated people " seeing.
Make patient's side hold up simple and easy eye 1, take aim at while horizontally rotating and to see, when the vertical line that forwards lower cornea 4 being seen lower lamps 7 to, when docking up and down with the vertical line of the empty 5 being seen upper lamps 6 of cornea, that is: lower lamp 7 and upper lamp 6 are on same vertical line, this simple and easy eye 1 be in level (about) normotopia eye position, without deflection.
Based on " the convex lens polarisation can produce prism effect when learning the center; imaging shifts into false picture to drift angle " principle, simple and easy eye 1 left or right avertence oblique, 4 polarisations of the lower cornea of convex lens are learned the center, lower cornea 4 being seen lower lamps 7 can shift into false picture (ophthalmology is commonly referred to as double image).The upper lamp 6 of imaging is not the horizontal level at lower lamp 7 original places.Behind the polarisation center, the vertical line of the vertical line of imaging and false picture does not disconnect yet, and left blue 8 and right red 9 grid also staggers.The degree that two lamp horizontal directions are separated, that is: how many grids of different colours staggers up and down, and are different and different with simple and easy eye 1 deflection.
A demonstration board mainboard 2 is about 60cm, the thin plate of wide about 40cm.About two same: the about 12cm of length before and after the flat cutting sheet 10 of the lamellar of oval eyeball, eyeball, with banded visual axis 14 same being integrated.Drift bolt 11 is in the rear utmost point section perforation of flat cutting sheet 10, and flat cutting sheet 10 left-right rotation are also moving together with visual axis 14.The medial rectus 12 of eyeball flat cutting sheet 10 both sides and lateral rectus 13 (corresponding with simple and easy ophthalmic, lateral rectus), length is about 2 times of flat cutting sheet 10 diameters, becomes backward triangular pyramidal to bring together and puts.(annotate: accompanying drawing only draws a part of length, does not draw triangular pyramidal.) pull medial rectus 12 or lateral rectus 13 and can cause visual axis 14 and change directions, show the sensing of visual axis 14, depend on the separately size of tractive strength of this two flesh.
The process that to " see ", decompose, develop be about each three tangible sight line: " wanting to see line 15 " " visual axis 14 " " as line 16 ".Show with the plane that simple and easy eye 1 " affiliated people " want to see again with the optical axis, with the eye position, with the relation of extraocular muscles power and the image space experienced at last.
Want to see line 15, strip is subjective wishes, points to and to want the lampet watched attentively.Below flat cutting sheet 10, in 11 perforation of same drift bolt, can about rotate separately; The optical axis 14, band shape is eyeball (simple and easy eye 1) the intrinsic direction of this visual organ self, is integrated together with the flat cutting sheet 10 that represents eyeball, the direction that visual axis 14 rotates is exactly the direction of the antero posterior axis of flat cutting sheet 10 eyeballs.Desirable visual axis 14 points to, and should be to satisfy to want to see line 15 subjective wishes demands, reach the target of wanting to see line 15, and wants to see that line 15 overlaps.Picture line 16, soft silk thread above flat cutting sheet 10, can change separately direction after same drift bolt 11 bolts are drawn, be stretching, points to the objective imaging the 3 lampet imagings of demonstration board subplate after, simple and easy 1 position of experiencing.The level position of looking straight is wanted to see line 15, visual axis 14, is that three lines overlap as line 16, refers to together the lower lamp 7 (shown in the left flat cutting eye portion of accompanying drawing) that not displacement is put,---the solid that is in normotopia eye position with simple and easy eye 1 is demonstrated corresponding.
Can the position of picture line 16 meet subjective wishes and want to see that line 15 overlaps, and depends on the sensing of visual axis 14, namely depends on the medial rectus 12 of flat cutting sheet 10 eyeballs and having an effect of lateral rectus 13 (being the Rectus muscle of simple and easy eye both sides).
Also can fast change again direction (shown in the accompanying drawing right eye) by triangular plate 19 places as line 16, also can shorten, not be put into demonstration board subplate 3, expression " unclear " " without imaging ".
Demonstration board subplate 3 is about 30cm, the thin plate of wide about 15cm.Vertical line both sides grid colors is different, and is right red 9, left blue 8, symmetrical up and down, is convenient to take aim at and sees, demonstrates, contrasts.The upper lamp 6 of (the LED light emitting diode) of vertical line embedding diameter 0.5cm and lower lamp 7 at a distance of about 2cm, all can be switched on.Demonstration board subplate 3 with demonstration board mainboard 2 splicing, adjustable, vertically erects during the solid demonstration of simple and easy eye 1, sets level (such as accompanying drawing) during the plane demonstration of flat cutting sheet 10, unload playback far away show see far away.
19 3 of oblique angle, the right-angle side triangular plates that obviously difference is high, large, medium and small three kinds of different refraction strength (the prism number of degrees) of simulation prism tier pole (that is: stepped prism).
Embodiment one, in conjunction with the demonstration of Ma Shi bar.
The Ma Shi bar that one optometry is used, semicircle along 1/2 one-tenths of pillar lens direction intercepting, put on right simple and easy the 1 semicircle carriage 18, namely be placed in lower cornea 4 before.The two lamps energising of subplate 3.Make the patient take aim at and see, be adjusted into up and down, lower cornea 4 is normal beams that the Ma Shi bar becomes lower lamp 7, and cornea sky 5 is upper lamps 6.Be adjusted into the normal beam of seeing of taking aim at again and overlap with lamp 6 on the cornea sky 5, namely normal beam and upper lamp 6 are all at vertical line, and this moment, right simple and easy eye 1 was horizontal normotopia.Such as simple and easy eye 1 left and right sides deflection, then normal beam leaves the upper lamp 6 of cornea sky 5, and deflection is larger, light beam from lampet 6 more away from.
The left simple and easy eye of not putting the Ma Shi bar is adjusted to the normotopia eye.This moments two simple and easy eye the finding of " affiliated people ": right simple and easy eye 1 is the normal beam that is become by lower lamp 7 alterations of form, and left simple and easy eye is lampet,---when carrying out the test of Ma Shi bar with the patient two being seen " lamp and light beams " with.The normal beam that the heterophoric patient Ma Shi of level bar detects is exactly the lower lamp 7 that this demonstration has changed the position." lamp and a light beam " is actual to be right simple and easy eye 1 finding of a lamp and the deflection " ".The normal beam that the Ma Shi bar is shown---lower lamp 7 because profile has been lampet no longer, causes eyes can not make great efforts to melt picture, unite two into one.Be the patient that the Ma Shi bar detects, naturally can replace with " affiliated people " finding this moment, approves when own eyes do not make great efforts to merge, and a glance is deflection.
With the prism tier pole of surveying vertical squint, select the number of degrees of exophoria patient Ma Shi bar testing result, traverse, the end, is before be built in 1 time cornea 4 of simple and easy eye, rotate simple and easy eye 1, when lamp 6 on empty 5 findings of normal beam and cornea overlaps, during all at vertical line, simple and easy 1 residing position is " copying " of the oblique degree of this patient's eye.
Simple and easy eye 1 outer (tiltedly) moves to the opposition side of right eye in the normal beam when turning, belong to heteronymous diplopia, in when turning (tiltedly) normal beam move to right eye the same side outward, genus " homonymous diplopia ".Homonymous diplopia is greater than 2 Δs, and heteronymous diplopia has symptom should get rid of asthenopic possibility greater than 4 Δs.
The patient is understood: the prism composition of " make lamp 6 overlaps on empty 5 findings of normal beam and cornea ", in the adding glasses, can make and look one is that distance between two " two " is dwindled, that is: what unite two into one when the minimizing patient watches attentively pays.
Embodiment two, and demonstration causes outer hidden oblique myopia with general symptom, adjusting factor.
Simple and easy eye 1 by normotopia outwards rotates, and the lower lamp 7 that then descend cornea 4 to take aim to see is sidesway left, takes aim at upper lamp 6 dislocation of seeing with empty 5 of cornea, and right red 9 also have the part grid to move to left, grid by about the normotopia homochromy become under the blueing red.Lower lamp 7 is the vacation pictures (double image) that caused by this simple and easy eye 1 outside deflection.
Left eye is adjusted to the normotopia eye, two being seen same lower lamps 7 about this two simple and easy eye " affiliated people " then are again: the lower lamp 7 that right eye has changed the position, has been moved to the left---false picture, and left eye do not change two pictures of lamp 7 under the position,---diplopia has occured.When being somebody's turn to do " affiliated people " two eye fixation, the simple and easy eye 1 of deflection must be done first the become a full member action of position, (melting a picture) effort that unites two into one.Diplopia not when watching attentively, appearance is not seen stravismus yet, is that simple and easy eye 1 turns to have finished and unites two into one, melts picture when watching attentively.
Outer hidden tiltedly different with the normotopia eye, be many one: what inwardly turn to normotopia, subdue distance between true picture and the false picture, unite two into one melts as effort.(manifest strabismus, the usefulness of at a glance need not, giving up, without this effort, often asymptomatic.)
Effort needs the Rectus muscle 20 (that is medial rectus 12, lateral rectus 13 of plane demonstration flat cutting sheet 10) of simple and easy eye 1 both sides to cooperate for a long time constantly, precise and tiny, improper and have an effect, and all clearly all are accompanied by this improper.The nerve of domination Rectus muscle 20, long-term over loading is paid, and can cause the generation reflexive pain such as neural corresponding position neck shoulder.Wherein the vegetative nerve over loading is paid, and can cause the dysfunctions such as gastrointestinal that this nervous system also arranging simultaneously, heart, vasomotion.
Only wear and watch at a distance clearly glasses attentively, eyeball just may go to aim at accurately, just has accurate rotation, Rectus muscle 20 work of could constantly having an effect.Demonstration board subplate 3 is far put slightly mobile again, but does not make simple and easy eye 1 rotate, and not imaging is at a distance seen in expression: the Rectus muscle 20 of tractive domination eyeball is to walk off from one's job.Can cause for a long time that Rectus muscle is 20 unable, each bar eye muscle is had an effect imbalance, contradiction.It is excessively shallow not wear mirror or the number of degrees, though closely clear, because Rectus muscle 20 is strength deficiencies, the degree that turns in having an effect is inadequate, and uniting two into one, over-burden.Conclusion: wear the number of degrees and reach clearly glasses of imaging at a distance, the strength of Rectus muscle 20, having an effect to be tending towards normal, can be changed into normotopia, pays relative minimizing, remission (being to wear the mirror main purpose).
Embodiment three, outer hidden oblique plane demonstration.
The right side wants to see that line 15 is aimed at wants the lower lamp 7 seen.Flat cutting sheet 10 deflection is outer to be turned, and the visual axis 14 that namely is inconjunction with also points to the right side of time lamp 7, and wants to see that line 15 does not overlap, and between two lines angle is arranged.Seeing nearly time image line 16 position that moved to left, be placed on the inboard of wanting to see line 15, is the false the position of image of lower lamp 7.And the left eye normotopia: the optical axis of left flat cutting sheet, want to see, overlap as line, jointly point to lower lamp 7 (shown in the accompanying drawing left eye).Two picture lines 16 of two should refer to together lower lamp 7, but form the lower lamp 7 of a normotopia left eye indication, also have one to be that right abtorsion causes the inwardly displaced vacation picture of lower lamp 7, formed and looked one and be two, two and should have taperedly but formed intersection as line: intersect (being heteropleural) diplopia.(right eye of accompanying drawing, as removing triangular plate 19 and picture line 16 directions are constant, then shown in therewith embodiment two with.)
Right visual axis 14 is healed large with wanting to see line 15 angles, be that the right eye gradient is larger, want then to see that line 15 is also just large with the angle of picture line 16, the picture line 16 indication positions of right eye, and the distance between the picture line indication position of left eye, finding, not mobile lower lamp 7 pictures is larger, and the effort that unites two into one is paid the more.
Demonstration board subplate 3 is put far again, wants to see line 15 alignings lampet at a distance, and shortening, be not placed on demonstration board subplate 3 as line 16, expression myopia far can not become to know picture soon.Slightly mobile lampet wants to see also mobile aligning the slightly thereupon of line 15, but not mobile visual axis 14 and flat cutting sheet 10, that is: medial rectus 12, lateral rectus 13 be in motionless, without user mode, corresponding with embodiment two " Rectus muscle 20 of tractive domination eyeball walks off from one's job ".
Embodiment four, the demonstration of stereopsis vision " (set) melts the picture storage level ".
Three-dimensional: right simple and easy eye 1 is outer when oblique, will survey the prism tier pole traverse of vertical squint, and the end is outside, deposit cornea 4 before, first degree of loweing prism, the patient can take aim at and see that lower lamp 7 moves to left again, increases the prism tier pole prism number of degrees of traverse again, lower lamp 7 more moves to left.The patient can understand that detection (set) melts the picture storage level, is to be that distance between two " two " enlarges gradually looking one, detects the limit capacity that stereopsis vision unites two into one.Breakdown point (watch attentively look one be two) has occured when the patient detects, and has exceeded exactly ultimate value.
The plane: right soft silk thread can fast change direction, the lower lamp 7 of expression move to left again (shown in the accompanying drawing right eye) as line 16 from triangular plate 19.Triangular plate 19 is changed to that the simulation prism number of degrees are high, refraction strength is large again, and transfer to do greatly from here as line 16 moves to left, and the lower lamp 7 of expression moves to left more, is distance expansion between two " two " looking one, unites two into one, melts as the amount of demand larger.
" sight line is different from vision, and normal visual acuity not necessarily sight line is normal ", sight line needs " flexible, masterly ".Change direction, the position of the picture line 16 after moving to left, the position that the normal person should reach---melt the amount of picture deposit, " minimum standards " (Sheard and Percival criterion) arranged.As numerical value is low when detecting, that is: can not move to left much as line 16, illustrates that the ability that unites two into one is low, even patient's " clear, do not look be two " but is over loading, almost tries one's best and just obtain, the patient have symptom should get rid of asthenopic may.
1 time cornea 4 of the simple and easy eye of this device be changed to post mirror lens (+1.50DC or+2.00DC) half, change placed angle (the axial degree that is the post mirror changes), can simulate cyclophoria; Lower cornea 4 and subplate 3 each accent turn 90 degrees, and can demonstrate vertical squint; Lower cornea 4 is changed to about 1.00DS's, and subplate 3 is put far, lengthens as line 16, can take aim at and see, demonstrates far.
Claims (1)
1. the apparatus for demonstrating of a binocular vision function, comprise two same simple and easy eyes (1), a rectangular thin plate demonstration board mainboard (2) and subplate (3), the flat cutting sheet (10) of two same circular eyeballs, it is characterized in that: described simple and easy eye (1): half one-tenth that intercepts circular protruding ball lens is semicircle, do lower cornea (4), its superjacent air space is cornea empty (5), Rectus muscle (20) is adhered in the outside, the rear portion is bonnet (17), under have pillar to be inserted on the mainboard (2), there are medial rectus (12) and lateral rectus (13) in flat cutting sheet (10) both sides, be integrated with banded visual axis (14), drift bolt (11) is in flat cutting sheet (10), want to see the rear portion perforation of line (15), the picture line (16) of soft silk thread is drawn from drift bolt (11) bolt, subplate (3): grid left and right sides different colours, symmetrical up and down, vertical line is packed with lamp (6) and lower lamp (7).
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| CN202102630U (en) * | 2011-05-23 | 2012-01-04 | 西安交通大学 | Electric model simulating movement of eyeball and extraocular muscles |
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