CN103323850A - Double-linear polarization Doppler weather radar system - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a double-linear polarization Doppler weather radar system which comprises an outdoor part and an indoor part. The outdoor part comprises an antenna servo subsystem, a transmitting subsystem, a receiving subsystem, a monitoring calibration subsystem and a power distribution subsystem. The indoor part comprises a signal processing terminal and a user subsystem. According to the double-linear polarization Doppler weather radar system, the ingenious signal link design is adopted, the equipment quantity is reduced, and the reliability of the system is improved; a multi-channel signal processing mode is used, simultaneous measurement of all parameters of a double-linear Doppler weather radar is achieved, and the timeliness of detection data is improved; a signal processing technology based on a GPU is utilized, and the processing capacity of double-linear signals is enhanced; a unique two-channel full-path transmitting-receiving calibration technology is used, two-channel transmitting-receiving system errors of the radar system are reduced, and an effective guarantee is provided for improving the quality of the detection data.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the technical field of weather radar.Specifically, the present invention relates to a kind of polarization Doppler Weather Radar system.
Background technology
1, X-band Solid Double Linear-polarization Doppler Weather Radar is in the direction of weather radar future development.At present, the equal Shortcomings part of real-time that this radar system is surveyed at signal link design, binary channels demarcation and parameter, thereby the detection information that obtains is difficult to obtain fully effectively utilize.Its shortcoming is as follows:
(1), the signal system link design is complicated;
(2), receive, launch binary channels and polarization feeder network calibration imperfection;
(3), dual-polarization parameter (LDR) is surveyed poor in timeliness.
2, the special DSP signal processing technology of employing during existing signal is processed, maintenance is made troubles to system upgrade.
3, in the structural design of prior art, antenna reflective face is exposed not to have protective cover outside, vulnerable to pollution, and head-on wind resistance is lower.
4, there is not the live video image collecting function.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of polarization Doppler Weather Radar system, its objective is simplified apparatus, improve that system signal processing power and detection performance, enhancing system survey ageing and the reliability that improves system.
To achieve these goals, the technical scheme taked of the present invention is:
Polarization Doppler Weather Radar provided by the invention system comprises outdoor and indoor two parts, it is characterized in that: described outdoor section comprises antenna servo subsystem, emission subsystem, HF receiving subsystem, monitoring calibration subsystem, sub power distribution system; Described indoor section comprises signal processing terminal, user's subsystem.
Described radar system signal link adopts two CF signal designs.
Described signal processing terminal adopts the processing unit based on the GPU signal processing technology.
Described monitoring calibration subsystem is the subsystem of binary channels complete trails transmitting-receiving calibration technology.
Described antenna servo subsystem adopts the rotary parabolic surface antenna, and is provided with parabolic protective cover.
The present invention adopts technique scheme, has following effect:
1, adopts the signal link design of original creation, simplified feed and the switching network of Dual-Polarized Doppler Weather Radar system complex of the prior art, reduced equipment amount, improved the reliability of system.
2, adopt the mode of multi-channel signal processing, realize that the Fast synchronization of all parameters of two-wire Doppler radar is measured, improved the ageing of detection data.
3, first based on the GPU signal processing technology, greatly improved the signal handling capacity of polarization radar, the real-time measurement of all parameters and the many picture synchronization that satisfy better the polarization radar show, and show possibility is provided for the 3D of meteorological target restores.
4, unique binary channels complete trails is received and dispatched the calibration technology, has greatly reduced the binary channels receive-transmit system error of radar system, provides effective assurance for improving the detection data quality.
5, in configuration aspects, adopt parabolic protective cover design, not only improved the wind loading rating of radar, also reduced the pollution of reflecting surface, feeder network has been played protective effect.
6, first in weather radar, adopt the video image acquisition device, can enroll in real time on-the-spot weather scene and scene characteristic, for weather forecast and research provide the historical basis with real scene reference.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention
Fig. 2 is the side schematic view of structure shown in Figure 1;
Fig. 3 is that remote multi-subscriber terminal of the present invention forms schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is that the signal processing subsystem (terminal) among the present invention forms schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 system chart of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is typical two two radar system block diagrams of receiving of sending out;
Fig. 7 is that the more multiple transistor among the GPU is used for the schematic diagram that data are processed.
Embodiment
The below contrasts accompanying drawing, and the description by to embodiment is described in further detail the specific embodiment of the present invention, to help those skilled in the art inventive concept of the present invention, technical scheme is had more complete, accurate and deep understanding.
One, general introduction:
Structure of the present invention as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 is a kind of polarization Doppler Weather Radar system, is comprised of outdoor and indoor two parts.The present invention obtains in multi-carrier frequency signals link design, four-way signal processing technology, based on multinomial technology such as GPU signal processing technology, binary channels complete trails transmitting-receiving calibration technology, live video acquisition technology outstanding progressive.
In order to solve the problem that prior art exists and to overcome its defective, realize simplified apparatus, improve the reliability of system, the goal of the invention that improves the ageing of detection data and improve the processing power of signal, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is:
As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, in this polarization Doppler Weather Radar system, its outdoor section is comprised of antenna servo subsystem, emission subsystem, HF receiving subsystem, monitoring calibration subsystem, sub power distribution system etc.; Its indoor section is comprised of signal processing terminal, user's subsystem etc.
Fig. 6 is typical two two dual polarization radar block diagrams of system of receiving of sending out, the horizontal and vertical polarization is the same signal in this system, measure by using high power combination Switching Two polarization measurement and depolarization, detailed process is: under terminal control, when realizing that dual polarization is surveyed, so that the high power combination switch possesses the power splitter function, realize the detections such as Zdr, Kdp by actuating motor control.When surveying LDR, so that the high power combination switch possesses the single-way switch function, namely an emission level polarized signal receives the horizontal and vertical polar echo, thereby obtains LDR by actuating motor control.
As seen above-mentioned, because system has comprised the existence of topworks's motor, all be restricted at aspects such as volume and reliabilities.
And the technical scheme that the present invention takes is:
1, adopt polarization radar signal link design:
This radar adopts the dual signal link design, be that waveform stimulus is two signal sources, transmitter is two (H/V) separate passages, system can be by the echoed signal of the direct processing horizontal passage of frequency selection method and vertical channel like this, two channel errors adopt the calibration mode of this programme to calibrate, and system forms structure as shown in Figure 5.
The present invention adopts the signal link design of original creation, has simplified feed and the switching network of Dual-Polarized Doppler Weather Radar system complex of the prior art, has reduced equipment amount, has improved the reliability of system; Adopt multi-channel signal processing, measure when having realized all parameters of two-wire Doppler radar, improved the ageing of detection data.Based on the GPU signal processing technology, greatly improve the signal handling capacity of polarization radar first, satisfied well the real-time measurement of all parameters of polarization radar, and for the 3D of meteorological target and restore and show possibility is provided.
2, adopt the multi-channel signal processing technology:
From block diagram 5 of the present invention, as seen, in receiver H, except self passage echo is arranged, also have the depolarization echo of V passage, same in receiver V, except self passage echo is arranged, also have the depolarization echo of H passage.Because the present invention adopts the double frequency system, therefore adopt many (four) passage digital if receiver can directly extract four tunnel echoed signals, thereby realize all parameter real-time detections of dual-polarization such as Zdr, Kdp, LDR, existing dual polarization radar then can not.
Two, described signal processing terminal adopts based on the GPU signal processing technology.
Because system of the present invention adopts open signal processing technology, namely carry out pre-service by digital if receiver, by optical fiber the four-way data-signal is sent to indoor computer terminal, is directly carried out the processing of dual-polarization signal by terminal computer, therefore terminal computer is had higher requirement.Be multi-core CPU and multinuclear GPU based on present main flow processor chips, Dual-Polarized Doppler Weather Radar is in the urgent need to 3D figure real-time, high definition simultaneously, programmable GPU has become the first-selection of the processor of a kind of highly-parallel, multithreading, multinuclear, it has outstanding rated output and high bandwidth of memory, reason designs with regard to being GPU to aim at the calculating of computation-intensive, highly-parallel, thereby, the design of GPU can make more multiple transistor be used for data and process, but not data buffer storage and current control.
As shown in Figure 7:
More particularly, GPU is exclusively used in the problem that solution can be expressed as data parallel---and the program of executed in parallel on many data elements has high bulk density (ratio of mathematical operation and memory operations).Because all data elements all carry out identical program, therefore less demanding to accurate current control; Owing to moving at many data elements, and having higher bulk density, thereby can pass through to calculate the concealing memory access delay, and needn't use larger data buffer storage.
Parallel data processing can be with data element mappings to the parallel processing thread.But the application program of many processing large data collection all usage data parallel programming model is come speed-up computation.In 3D plays up, a large amount of pixels and vertex set will be mapped to parallel thread.Similarly, image and media nursing application programs (such as post-processed, Video coding and decoding, image scaling, stereoscopic vision and the pattern-recognition etc. of rendering image) can arrive the parallel processing thread with image block and pixel mapping.In fact, the many algorithms outside image rendering and process field also all accelerate by parallel data processing---from normal signal process or physical simulation until mathematics finance or mathematic biology.
Aspect program design, the CUDA programming model is fit to the parallel function of open GPU very much.The NVIDIA GPU of latest generation supports the CUDA programming model based on Tesla framework (can check the GPU tabulation that all support CUDA in appendix A), can significantly accelerate the CUDA application program.
Three, described monitoring calibration subsystem is the subsystem of binary channels complete trails transmitting-receiving calibration technology.
The present invention adopts the calibration mode of original creation, namely by antenna feed as calibration point so that transmit path and receiving cable complete detection and calibration, and existing radar does not carry out calibration to feed and transmission channel.
Unique binary channels complete trails is received and dispatched the calibration technology, has greatly reduced the binary channels receive-transmit system error of radar system, provides effective assurance for improving the detection data quality.
Four, described monitoring calibration subsystem is used for:
1), receives APC01 subsystem monitor data;
2), receive TX02 subsystem monitor data;
3), receive RX03 subsystem monitor data;
4), show SPTE04 subsystem monitor data;
5), produce the required various clock signals of calibration;
6), the emission binary channels is carried out amplitude, phase place calibration and first phase calibration;
7), carry out amplitude, phase place calibration and carry out Noise Calibration receiving binary channels;
8), environmental requirement :-40 ℃～+ 55 ℃.
Five, described antenna servo subsystem adopts the rotary parabolic surface antenna, and is provided with paraboloid of revolution protective cover.
Adopt parabolic protective cover design, not only improved the wind loading rating of radar, also reduced the pollution of reflecting surface, feeder network has been played protective effect.
See Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.
Six, described antenna servo divides the parameter that is to be:
Antenna form: the paraboloid of revolution;
1), frequency: X-band;
2), polarization mode: level, vertical dual linear polarization;
3), diameter: 1.8m;
4), gain: 〉=40dB;
5), minor level :≤-27dB;
6) it is poor that, electric axis is pointed to the wave beam major axes orientation :≤0.1 °;
7), antenna scanning mode: PPI, RHI, body are swept, fan sweeping, fixed point;
8), antenna scanning scope: 0～360 ° in orientation; 0～90 ° of pitching;
9), antenna scanning speed: orientation 1～4rpm; Pitching 1～2rpm;
10), wind loading rating (fitful wind): moderate gale can be worked, and strong gale is not suffered a loss;
Seven, the parameter of described emission subsystem is:
1), frequency of operation: X-band;
2), output power: 〉=150W; (independent dual transmitter)
3), maximum pulse width: 100uS, dutycycle＞20%;
4), repetition frequency: 400Hz～4kHz;
5), amplitude coincidence: ± 1dB;
6), phase equalization: ± 10 °.
7), stream time: be not less than 24h;
8), environmental requirement :-40 ℃～+ 55 ℃.
Eight, the parameter of described HF receiving subsystem is:
1), frequency of operation: X-band (binary channels);
2), receiver gain: 40dB ± 3dB;
3), noise figure :≤3.0dB;
4), IF-FRE: IF1, IF2;
5), intermediate-frequency bandwidth 3dB:IF1 ± 2.5MHz, IF2 ± 2.5MHz;
6), intermediate frequency output amplitude peak: 10dBm;
7), amplitude coincidence: ± 0.5dB;
8), phase equalization: ± 10 °;
9), environmental requirement :-40 ℃～+ 55 ℃.
Nine, described Weather radar system is provided with the video image acquisition device.
In weather radar, adopt the video image acquisition device first, can enroll in real time on-the-spot weather scene and scene characteristic, for weather forecast and research provide the historical basis with real scene reference, as shown in Figure 1.
Ten, described Weather radar system is provided with and frequently combines subsystem, and described frequency is combined the subsystem parameter and is:
1), local oscillation signal: X-band;
2), binary channels up-conversion: X-band;
3), waveform signal: IF1, IF2;
4), output calibration signal: intensity, speed;
5), reference signal: 100MHz
I. phase noise:＜-160dBc/Hz ,@1kHz;
Ii. frequency stability:＜3 * 10
-11/ ms.
6), environmental requirement :-40 ℃～+ 55 ℃.
11, the software of described signal processing terminal and Meteorological Products comprise:
1), main processing capacity: PPP, FFT, self-adapting clutter suppress, eliminate and recovery based on the second trip echo of random phase encoding.
2), fundamental physical quantity:
Z intensity, V speed, W spectrum width, ZDR reflectance difference rate, KDP differential phase shift propagation constant, LDR depolarization ratio and 16 I/Q, Doppler's power spectrum of specific range unit;
3), master data product:
The planimetric position shows that PPI, distance highly show RHI, contour plane position display CAPPI, composite reflectivity factor CR.
4), physical quantity product:
High planimetric position showed that EBPPI, one hour accumulative rainfall amount OHP, three hours accumulative rainfall amount THP, the total accumulative rainfall amount of storm STP, vertical integration aqueous water VIL, orientation vorticitys show that ARD, radial divergence show RVD, synthetic shear CS, layering combination turbulent flow CTA at the bottom of the echo high planimetric position showed ETPPI, echo.
5), Wind Products:
Velocity Azimuth shows VAD, VAD wind profile VWP.
6), strong weather identification product:
Storm structure SS, hail index HI, storm tracked information STI, mesoscale cyclone M, spout vortex feature TVS, downburst DB.
7), graphics process:
Multi-layer graphical shows: show simultaneously a plurality of CAPPI (contour plane position display);
Many picture displies: on same screen, can show more than 4 width of cloth and above picture;
Animation: animation speed is variable, manual animation, and animation width of cloth number is determined by product specification;
Figure amplifies, roaming;
Graphics memory and Background load;
Histogram shows;
Isoline shows;
Roaming guiding: by the vernier admission and show the orientation, distance of vernier loca, highly, the information such as echo strength, speed.
8), radar control and management software: radar control software, the monitoring of radar complete machine, fault alarm software, Radar Calibration calibration software, radar data management software, network communication software.
12, the parameter of described sub power distribution system is:
1), input voltage: 220Vac, frequency: 50Hz;
2), power :≤2kVA.
13, multi-user's subsystem:
Native system adopts the open type data tupe, and the user is by being authorized to or sharing mode obtains the product source book, and the algorithm development of using oneself goes out how required Meteorological Products.
The above has carried out exemplary description to the present invention by reference to the accompanying drawings, and the application of the various combination mode of each technical scheme can obtain better technique effect.Obviously specific implementation of the present invention is not subjected to the restriction of aforesaid way; as long as adopted the improvement of the various unsubstantialities that method of the present invention design and technical scheme carry out; or without improving design of the present invention and technical scheme are directly applied to other occasion, all within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a polarization Doppler Weather Radar system comprises outdoor and indoor two parts, it is characterized in that: described outdoor section comprises antenna servo subsystem, emission subsystem, HF receiving subsystem, monitoring calibration subsystem, sub power distribution system; Described indoor section comprises signal processing terminal, user's subsystem.
2. according to polarization Doppler Weather Radar claimed in claim 1 system, it is characterized in that: described radar system adopts link design, and described signal processing terminal adopts based on the GPU signal processing technology.
3. according to polarization Doppler Weather Radar claimed in claim 1 system, it is characterized in that: described monitoring calibration subsystem is the subsystem of binary channels complete trails transmitting-receiving calibration technology; This system is used for:
1), receives APC01 subsystem monitor data;
2), receive TX02 subsystem monitor data;
3), receive RX03 subsystem monitor data;
4), show SPTE04 subsystem monitor data;
5), produce the required various clock signals of calibration;
6), the emission binary channels is carried out amplitude, phase place calibration and first phase calibration;
7), carry out amplitude, phase place calibration and carry out Noise Calibration receiving binary channels.
4. according to polarization Doppler Weather Radar claimed in claim 1 system, it is characterized in that: described antenna servo subsystem adopts the rotary parabolic surface antenna, and is provided with paraboloid of revolution protective cover; The parameter of this subsystem is:
1), frequency: X-band;
2), polarization mode: level, vertical dual linear polarization;
3), diameter: 1.8m;
4), gain: 〉=40dB;
5), minor level :≤-27dB;
6) it is poor that, electric axis is pointed to the wave beam major axes orientation :≤0.1 °;
7), antenna scanning mode: PPI, RHI, body are swept, fan sweeping, fixed point;
8), antenna scanning scope: 0～360 ° in orientation; 0～90 ° of pitching;
9), antenna scanning speed: orientation 1～4rpm; Pitching 1～2rpm.
5. according to polarization Doppler Weather Radar claimed in claim 1 system, it is characterized in that: the parameter of described emission subsystem is:
1), frequency of operation: X-band;
2), output power: 〉=150W, independent dual transmitter;
3), maximum pulse width: 100uS, dutycycle＞20%;
4), repetition frequency: 400Hz～4kHz;
5), amplitude coincidence: ± 1dB;
6), phase equalization: ± 10 °.
6. according to polarization Doppler Weather Radar claimed in claim 1 system, it is characterized in that: the parameter of described HF receiving subsystem is:
1), frequency of operation: X-band, binary channels;
2), receiver gain: 40dB ± 3dB;
3), noise figure :≤3.0dB;
4), IF-FRE: IF1, IF2;
5), intermediate-frequency bandwidth 3dB:IF1 ± 2.5MHz, IF2 ± 2.5MHz;
6), intermediate frequency output amplitude peak: 10dBm;
7), amplitude coincidence: ± 0.5dB;
8), phase equalization: ± 10 °.
7. according to polarization Doppler Weather Radar claimed in claim 1 system, it is characterized in that: described Weather radar system is provided with the video image acquisition device.
8. according to polarization Doppler Weather Radar claimed in claim 1 system, it is characterized in that: described Weather radar system is provided with combines subsystem frequently, and described frequency is combined the subsystem parameter and is:
1), local oscillation signal: X-band;
2), binary channels up-conversion: X-band;
3), waveform signal: IF1, IF2;
4), output calibration signal: intensity, speed;
5), reference signal: 100MHz
I. phase noise:＜-160dBc/Hz ,@1kHz;
Ii. frequency stability:＜3 * 10
-11/ ms.
9. according to polarization Doppler Weather Radar claimed in claim 1 system, it is characterized in that: software and the Meteorological Products of described signal processing terminal comprise:
1), main processing capacity: PPP, FFT, self-adapting clutter suppress, eliminate and recovery based on the second trip echo of random phase encoding;
2), fundamental physical quantity:
Z intensity, V speed, W spectrum width, ZDR difference emissivity, KDP differential phase shift propagation constant, LDR depolarization ratio and 16 I/Q, Doppler's power spectrum of specific range unit;
3), master data product:
The planimetric position shows that PPI, distance highly show RHI, contour plane position display CAPPI, composite reflectivity factor CR;
4), physical quantity product:
High planimetric position showed that EBPPI, one hour accumulative rainfall amount OHP, three hours accumulative rainfall amount THP, the total accumulative rainfall amount of storm STP, vertical integration aqueous water VIL, orientation vorticitys show that ARD, radial divergence show RVD, synthetic shear CS, layering combination turbulent flow CTA at the bottom of the echo high planimetric position showed ETPPI, echo;
5), Wind Products:
Velocity Azimuth shows VAD, VAD wind profile VWP;
6), strong weather identification product:
Storm structure SS, hail index HI, storm tracked information STI, mesoscale cyclone M, spout vortex feature TVS, downburst DB;
7), graphics process:
Multi-layer graphical shows: show simultaneously a plurality of CAPPI, i.e. the contour plane position display;
Many picture displies: on same screen, can show more than 4 width of cloth and above picture;
Animation: animation speed is variable, manual animation, and animation width of cloth number is determined by product specification;
Figure amplifies, roaming;
Graphics memory and Background load;
Histogram shows;
Isoline shows;
Roaming guiding: by the vernier admission and show the orientation, distance of vernier loca, highly, the information such as echo strength, speed;
8), radar control and management software: radar control software, the monitoring of radar complete machine, fault alarm software, Radar Calibration calibration software, radar data management software, network communication software.
10. according to polarization Doppler Weather Radar claimed in claim 1 system, it is characterized in that: the parameter of described sub power distribution system is:
1), input voltage: 220Vac, frequency: 50Hz;
2), power :≤2kVA.
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