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CN103068681B - 用于制造和填充由热塑性塑料制成的容器的方法和装置以及这样制造的容器 - Google Patents

用于制造和填充由热塑性塑料制成的容器的方法和装置以及这样制造的容器 Download PDF

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CN103068681B
CN103068681B CN201180040274.8A CN201180040274A CN103068681B CN 103068681 B CN103068681 B CN 103068681B CN 201180040274 A CN201180040274 A CN 201180040274A CN 103068681 B CN103068681 B CN 103068681B
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CN103068681A (zh
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贝恩德·汉森
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65BMACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B3/00Packaging plastic material, semiliquids, liquids or mixed solids and liquids, in individual containers or receptacles, e.g. bags, sacks, boxes, cartons, cans, or jars
    • B65B3/003Filling medical containers such as ampoules, vials, syringes or the like
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65BMACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B3/00Packaging plastic material, semiliquids, liquids or mixed solids and liquids, in individual containers or receptacles, e.g. bags, sacks, boxes, cartons, cans, or jars
    • B65B3/18Controlling escape of air from containers or receptacles during filling
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65BMACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B3/00Packaging plastic material, semiliquids, liquids or mixed solids and liquids, in individual containers or receptacles, e.g. bags, sacks, boxes, cartons, cans, or jars
    • B65B3/02Machines characterised by the incorporation of means for making the containers or receptacles
    • B65B3/022Making containers by moulding of a thermoplastic material
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65DCONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D1/00Containers having bodies formed in one piece, e.g. by casting metallic material, by moulding plastics, by blowing vitreous material, by throwing ceramic material, by moulding pulped fibrous material, by deep-drawing operations performed on sheet material
    • B65D1/02Bottles or similar containers with necks or like restricted apertures, designed for pouring contents
    • B65D1/0223Bottles or similar containers with necks or like restricted apertures, designed for pouring contents characterised by shape
    • B65D1/0261Bottom construction
    • B65D1/0276Bottom construction having a continuous contact surface, e.g. Champagne-type bottom
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65DCONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D1/00Containers having bodies formed in one piece, e.g. by casting metallic material, by moulding plastics, by blowing vitreous material, by throwing ceramic material, by moulding pulped fibrous material, by deep-drawing operations performed on sheet material
    • B65D1/02Bottles or similar containers with necks or like restricted apertures, designed for pouring contents
    • B65D1/0223Bottles or similar containers with necks or like restricted apertures, designed for pouring contents characterised by shape
    • B65D1/0292Foldable bottles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65DCONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D21/00Nestable, stackable or joinable containers; Containers of variable capacity
    • B65D21/08Containers of variable capacity
    • B65D21/086Collapsible or telescopic containers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65DCONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D81/00Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents
    • B65D81/18Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents providing specific environment for contents, e.g. temperature above or below ambient
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C49/00Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C49/02Combined blow-moulding and manufacture of the preform or the parison
    • B29C49/04Extrusion blow-moulding
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C49/00Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C49/42Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C49/4273Auxiliary operations after the blow-moulding operation not otherwise provided for
    • B29C49/428Joining
    • B29C49/42802Joining a closure or a sealing foil to the article or pincing the opening
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C49/00Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C49/42Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C49/4273Auxiliary operations after the blow-moulding operation not otherwise provided for
    • B29C49/42808Filling the article
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C49/00Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C49/42Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C49/4273Auxiliary operations after the blow-moulding operation not otherwise provided for
    • B29C49/4283Deforming the finished article
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C49/00Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C49/42Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C49/48Moulds
    • B29C49/54Moulds for undercut articles
    • B29C49/541Moulds for undercut articles having a recessed undersurface

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Basic Packing Technique (AREA)
  • Blow-Moulding Or Thermoforming Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Containers Having Bodies Formed In One Piece (AREA)
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  • Vacuum Packaging (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于制造和填充由热塑性塑料制成的容器(1)的方法,其中,将挤出的塑料软管引入到打开的、具有能移动的模具部件的模具中,使形成容器(1)的模具部件合模,其中软管通过作用在其上的压差被撑开成优选形式为波纹管的容器(1)并用填料填充,并且填料的水平位通过朝向容器开口的方向挤压容器容积而升高,其中通过使模具的顶部颚板合模由软管形成用于容器开口的容器盖(5),其特征在于,优选在容器盖(5)的区域中容器(1)这样成型,即,塑料软管的至少一个部段首先保持不封闭以便形成排气套管(3);并且在挤压容器容积时填料的水平位这样升高,即,至少将空气从容器(1)中经由排气套管(3)挤出,并且通过使顶部鄂板合模或使附加顶部鄂板合模来封闭相应的排气套管(3)。

Description

用于制造和填充由热塑性塑料制成的容器的方法和装置以及这样制造的容器
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于制造和填充由热塑性塑料制成的容器的方法,其中,将挤出的塑料软管引入到打开的、具有能移动的模具部件的模具中,使形成容器的模具部件合模,其中软管通过作用在其上的压差被撑开成优选形式为波纹管的容器并用填料填充,并且填料的水平位通过朝向容器开口的方向挤压容器容积而升高,其中通过使模具的顶部颚板合模由软管形成用于容器开口的容器盖。此外,本发明涉及一种用于实施所述方法的装置以及这样制造的容器。
背景技术
这种类型的方法如系统一样被广泛应用,以便制造具有不同形状、尺寸的以及用于不同使用目的的容器。在此,该容器也可是指共挤容器。在此,该容器可特别是指由聚乙烯或聚丙烯制成的透明的、柔性容器。在许多情况下在无菌操作时在一个工作流程中,容器既被制造也用例如药品的消毒填料来填充和封闭。文献WO2009/086864A1公开了这类方法。
在医学领域使用这类容器时,对于使用特性重要的是,填料的取出能够以适宜的方式进行。当填料例如是待注入的液体(例如麻醉剂)时,则必须确保在容器中仅存在最小空气残余量,从而当通过挤压柔性容器而压出液体时,该液体以非常精确的剂量排出。
发明内容
鉴于这个需求,本发明提出的目的是提供一种方法,该方法能够实现满足高效制造的、几乎无空气的容器。
相应地,本发明的重要特征在于,在由塑料软管成型出容器盖时这样进行,即塑料软管的一个部段保持不封闭,并且形成排气套管。在相同的或附加的挤压步骤中,其中填料的水平位相应地升高,现在空气残余量从容器中经由排气套管挤出,由此通过使模具的顶部颚板合模或使模具的附加顶部颚板合模将排气套管封闭进而将容器封闭。在这样升高液体水平位时,在封闭排气套管之后在容器内基本上不残留或者仅残留微少的空气量。然后,排气套管本身或排气套管的一些部分能够与其余的残渣一起清除。在特别的设计结构中,水平位也可尽量升高或进一步升高,使得液体经由相应的排气通道向外挤压,这则导致完全无空气的容器内容物。
当所述排气套管形成在容器盖的上端时,能够排除任何相关的空气残余量,而填料不必一直被挤至排气套管中。
排气套管优选通过附加顶部颚板直接在容器盖的壁上封闭,从而排气套管能够直接在容器盖上分离,并且从而在容器盖上不留有套管的较大的、凸出的剩余部分。特别有利地能够这样进行,即,排气套管通过附加顶部颚板不仅被封闭,而且在合模位置或焊接位置处同时被分离。附加顶部颚板封闭排气通道,并通过切割边在材料中紧接着容器盖产生一薄弱位置,从而还存在下述可能性:在脱模之后接着的冲压过程中,将所谓的顶部凸部连同之前的排气通道一起容易地清除。
所述排气套管优选由塑料软管的位于容器盖的中央区域之外的部分形成。由此,容器的中央区域以有利的方式保持不具有排气套管的接口位置或焊接位置,从而容器盖作为注入式连接头的可应用性保持不受损害。
本发明的主题还在于一种用于实施所述方法的装置,该装置具有用于由挤出的塑料软管成型出容器的能移动的模具部件,其中,模具的形成容器盖的主顶部鄂板在其合模面上具有凹槽,所述凹槽使塑料软管的一部分不封闭以形成排气套管;并且能相对于主顶部鄂板移动的附加顶部鄂板能移动到封闭所述排气套管的作用位置上。
在此,优选如下设置,即所述附加顶部鄂板这样集成到主顶部鄂板中,即,所述附加顶部鄂板穿过所述凹槽并朝着主顶部鄂板的合模运动的方向能移动到作用位置上。
以特别有利的方式,所述附加顶部鄂板能借助于位于主顶部鄂板中的、能操纵压力介质的工作缸移动。附加地或可替代地,也可以使用伺服马达替代所提及的工作缸。
此外,本发明的主题在于一种根据本发明的方法借助于本发明的装置制造的无空气的容器,具有分离的排气套管的封闭的连接位置。附图说明
下面借助于附图详细阐述本发明。附图示出:
图1在分离排气套管之前示出的、形式为可轴向挤压的波纹管的根据本发明制造的容器的一个实施例的与实际的实施形式相比略微缩小地绘出的侧视图;
图2容器的与图1相比缩小地绘出的立体斜视图;
图3在分离排气套管之后的容器的对应于图2的斜视图;
图4部分合模的吹模连同在其中成型的容器的简化示意图,其中示出用填料填充容器的操作状态并示出模具的成型出容器盖的仍处于打开位置的顶部颚板;
图5图4的容器的示意性的简化俯视图,其中在各模具部件中仅打开的顶部颚板可见;
图6类似于图4的视图,然而其中填料的填充水平位在第一挤压步骤中升高;
图7图6中的容器的对应于图5的俯视图;
图8类似于图6的视图,然而其中模具的顶部颚板已合模,从而由塑料软管成型出容器盖以及排气套管;
图9图8的俯视图,但是与图8相比以放大的比例示出;
图10类似于图8的视图,然而其中填料的填充水平位在第二挤压步骤中进一步升高;
图11图10的对应于图9的俯视图;
图12类似于图10的视图,其中附加顶部颚板被示出已合模,排气套管借助于所述附加顶部颚板封闭和分离;以及
图13图12的对应于图11的俯视图,其示出处于合模位置的附加顶部颚板。
具体实施方式
下面,借助于波纹管形的容器1的示例来阐述本发明,如其在图1至3中所详细示出的。可以理解,本发明同样可有利地用于制造光滑壁的容器。图1和2示出处于未完成状态的容器1,在该未完成状态下,该容器从吹模装置中取出,而排气套管3没有被封闭且不与容器盖5分离。图3示出完成状态,在该完成状态下,排气套管3在焊接或接口位置7与容器盖5分离。如可见的,排气套管3以及接口位置7位于容器盖5的中央区域之外。
如图1所示,容器1的底部不成型为平坦面的,而是具有向内的穹拱部9。因此,在从容器1中排出液体时,通过挤压波纹管可将液体从容器1中挤出而不会残留液体残余量,因为拱起部9形成挤压体,该挤压体补偿在完全挤压波纹管的情况下所剩余的死点长度。
图4至13说明根据本发明的方法的流程,该方法基于已知的系统实施。在此,图4和5示出在用液体填料15填充期间在吹模11中由塑料软管13形成的容器1,其中吹模11的可移动的顶部鄂板17位于打开位置,从而还没有通过顶部鄂板17形成容器盖,并且因此容器1还是打开的。图6和7说明第一挤压步骤,在该第一挤压步骤中借助于挤压冲头19从底部21挤压容器容积,从而填料15的液体水平位23升高到在图6中示出的中间水平位高度。顶部鄂板17仍位于打开位置,从而图7的俯视图对应于图5的俯视图。
如从图5和7中得知的,顶部鄂板17在其合模面24上具有朝向彼此的半圆柱形的凹槽25。当顶部鄂板17移到一起(如在图8中通过箭头所示),并且因此容器盖5由塑料软管13形成(见图8和9)时,塑料软管13的位于凹槽25中的部分保持未封闭,从而形成在图1和2中所示的排气套管3。凹槽25位于顶部鄂板17的中央区域之外(见图5和7),从而如已提及的那样排气套管3在容器盖5上偏心地通入。
图10和11说明一种状态,在该状态下,在构造出容器盖5和排气套管3之后在顶部鄂板17还合模的情况下借助于挤压冲头19执行第二挤压步骤,从而在空气从容器1经由排气套管3流出时液体水平位23升高,直至升高到排气套管3在容器盖5内的接口区域附近,因此容器1几乎没有残余空气量。
在达到该状态之后,如在图12和13中所示,排气套管3封闭。这借助于集成到顶部鄂板17中的附加顶部鄂板31实现,如借助在图12和13中的运动箭头33所标明的,各附加顶部鄂板可朝向彼此移动。附加顶部鄂板31具有焊接边35,该焊接边在排气套管3上执行合模和分离过程,从而排气套管3在接口位置7与容器盖5分离。附加顶部鄂板31借助于可操纵压力介质的操纵缸37(图13)来操纵。

Claims (11)

1.一种用于制造和填充由热塑性塑料制成的容器(1)的方法,其中,将挤出的塑料软管(13)引入到打开的、具有能移动的模具部件的模具(11)中,使形成容器(1)的模具部件合模,其中软管通过作用在其上的压差被撑开成容器(1)并用填料(15)填充,并且填料(15)的水平位(23)通过朝向容器开口的方向挤压容器容积而升高,其中通过使模具(11)的顶部颚板(17)合模由软管(13)形成用于容器开口的容器盖(5),
其特征在于,在顶部鄂板(17)移到一起时由塑料软管(13)形成容器盖(5),塑料软管(13)的位于顶部鄂板(17)的凹槽(25)中的部分保持未封闭,从而形成至少一个排气套管(3);并且在挤压容器容积时填料(15)的水平位(23)这样升高,即,至少将空气从容器(1)中经由相应的排气套管(3)挤出,并且通过使顶部鄂板(17)合模或使附加顶部鄂板(31)合模来封闭相应的排气套管(3)。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,软管通过作用在其上的压差被撑开成形式为波纹管的容器(1)。
3.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述排气套管(3)形成在容器盖(5)的上端的区域中。
4.如权利要求3所述的方法,其特征在于,所述排气套管(3)通过附加顶部鄂板(31)直接在容器盖(5)的外侧封闭。
5.如权利要求4所述的方法,其特征在于,所述排气套管(3)通过附加顶部鄂板(31)直接在容器盖(5)的壁上分离。
6.如权利要求1至5之一所述的方法,其特征在于,所述排气套管(3)由塑料软管(13)的位于容器盖(5)的中央区域之外的部分形成。
7.如权利要求1至5之一所述的方法,其特征在于,所述挤压容器容积这样执行,即,从容器的底部(21)产生该底部(21)的伸入到容器(1)内部的拱起部(9)。
8.一种用于实施如权利要求1至7之一所述方法的装置,具有用于由挤出的塑料软管(13)成型出容器(1)的能移动的模具部件,
其特征在于,模具(11)的形成容器盖(5)的主顶部鄂板(17)在其合模面(24)上具有凹槽(25),所述凹槽使塑料软管(13)的一部分不封闭以形成至少一个排气套管(3);并且能相对于主顶部鄂板(17)移动的附加顶部鄂板(31)能移动到封闭所述排气套管(3)的作用位置上。
9.如权利要求8所述的装置,其特征在于,所述附加顶部鄂板(31)这样集成到主顶部鄂板(17)中,即,所述附加顶部鄂板穿过所述凹槽(25)并朝着主顶部鄂板(17)的合模运动的方向能移动到作用位置上。
10.如权利要求8或9所述的装置,其特征在于,所述附加顶部鄂板(31)能借助于位于主顶部鄂板(17)中的、能操纵压力介质的工作缸(37)移动。
11.一种根据如权利要求1至7之一所述的方法借助于如权利要求8至10之一所述的装置制成的无空气的容器(1),具有分离的排气套管(3)的封闭的连接位置(7)。
CN201180040274.8A 2010-07-20 2011-06-30 用于制造和填充由热塑性塑料制成的容器的方法和装置以及这样制造的容器 Expired - Fee Related CN103068681B (zh)

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