CN103022460A - Method for preparing lithium titanate carbon composite material - Google Patents
Method for preparing lithium titanate carbon composite material Download PDFInfo
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- CN103022460A CN103022460A CN2012104928867A CN201210492886A CN103022460A CN 103022460 A CN103022460 A CN 103022460A CN 2012104928867 A CN2012104928867 A CN 2012104928867A CN 201210492886 A CN201210492886 A CN 201210492886A CN 103022460 A CN103022460 A CN 103022460A
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- porous graphene
- lithium
- lithium titanate
- carbon composite
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing a lithium titanate carbon composite material, and the method comprises the following steps of: dispersing graphite powder in concentrated sulfuric acid, adding KMnO4 and H2O2 while stirring to obtain a nano graphite oxide material, and preparing an aqueous solution of graphene oxide, thereby obtaining porous graphene material; preparing the porous graphene material into porous graphene solution, and evenly mixing a lithium carbonate/lithium acetate mixture, titanium dioxide and deionized water together through ball milling to obtain slurry; next, mixing the slurry with the porous graphene solution under the stirring condition, thereby obtaining porous graphene and lithium titanate precursor powder; and sintering the precursor powder, thereby obtaining the lithium titanate carbon composite material. The lithium titanate carbon composite cathode material prepared by the method provided by the invention employs the composite material of lithium titanate and porous graphene, and has high multiplying power and ultra-stable cycle performance, and further has high energy density; and therefore, the cathode material is high in specific capacity, good in cycle performance and long in service life if being applied to the lithium ion battery.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of lithium battery composite material, relate in particular to a kind of lithium titanate carbon composite and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Lithium ion battery has the advantages that as a kind of novel secondary cell specific capacity is high, voltage is high, fail safe is good, is widely used in the driving power of electric automobile, mobile phone, notebook computer.Along with the development of science and technology, the digital product of various employing lithium ion batteries upgrades that updating speed is very fast, and product mostly is tending towards portability, economization, and this just requires the lithium ion battery product will be to high-energy-density, low-cost future development.
At present, the negative material that lithium ion battery adopts generally all is embedding lithium material with carbon element, such as graphite, soft charcoal, hard charcoal etc.All there are some problems in these material with carbon elements: (1) but its theoretical capacity (372mAhg
-1) limited, (2) make the electrolyte decomposition have potential safety hazard, and (3) first charge-discharge efficiency is low.
Lithium titanate has many good characteristics: at Li as a kind of Novel anode material
+Embed and deviate from the process, the crystal structure of material does not change substantially, i.e. so-called " zero strain " material, and this specific character is so that Li
4Ti
5O
12Have good structural stability and excellent cycle performance; Li
4Ti
5O
12Has higher embedding lithium current potential (1.55V vs.Li/Li
+), can the precipitating metal lithium in the charge and discharge process, this current potential is higher than the reduction potential of most of organic electrolytes, so security performance is high.
But because lithium titanate is a kind of insulating material, its conductivity is low, thereby causes the application in the lithium electricity to have the relatively poor problem of high rate performance, and when working under the high magnification environment, the lithium titanate special capacity fade is rapid.But along with the development of science and technology, single spinel-type Li
4Ti
5O
12Chemical property particularly its multiplying power and cycle performance or not ideal enough.And for the practical application of lithium ion battery, the high magnification operating characteristic is to determine that can it obtain one of key factor of commercial applications.
Summary of the invention
The preparation method who the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of lithium titanate carbon composite uses the lithium ion battery of the anode material of the method preparation to have the characteristics such as specific capacity is large, multiplying power is high, good cycle.
To achieve these goals, the preparation method of a kind of lithium titanate carbon composite provided by the invention comprises the steps:
Step 1, preparation porous graphene material
Under 0 ℃ of ice bath, press mass volume ratio (1-4) g of graphite powder and the concentrated sulfuric acid
:(2-3) ml is distributed to graphite powder in the concentrated sulfuric acid, stirs the lower KMnO of adding
4, institute adds KMnO
4Quality be graphite 2-3 doubly, stirred 1-2 minute, temperature rises to 40-45 ℃, adds concentrated sulfuric acid volume 2-3 distilled water doubly, stirs the H of the mass concentration 30% that adding concentrated sulfuric acid volume is 1-2 times 40-50 minute
2O
2, stirred 10-15 minute, through centrifugation, with obtaining the graphite oxide nano material behind mass concentration 5-7% acetum, distilled water and the ethylene glycol cyclic washing;
With the graphite oxide aqueous solution of above-mentioned graphite oxide nano material preparation 5-10 mg/mL, the graphite oxide aqueous solution is poured in the reactor that fluoropolymer is inner bag, wherein the volume ratio of graphite oxide aqueous solution and fluoropolymer is (3-4)
:5, reaction is 12-15 hour under 190-200 ° of C condition, is cooled to room temperature, removes the moisture content in the solution, with the powder for drying that obtains, obtains the porous graphene material;
Step 2, porous graphene and lithium titanate precursor powder
Three-dimensional porous Graphene is scattered in the water, and being made into concentration is the three-dimensional porous graphene solution of 10-20 mg/mL, in molar ratio Li
:Ti=0.8
:Ratio (1-1.1) is got respectively lithium carbonate/lithium acetate mixture and titanium dioxide, and wherein the mass ratio of lithium carbonate and lithium acetate is 1
:(2-4), be that lithium carbonate/lithium acetate mixture 0.5-1 deionized water ball milling doubly mixes with lithium carbonate/lithium acetate mixture, titanium dioxide and quality, obtain slurry, then mix above-mentioned slurry and porous graphene solution under stirring condition, wherein the volume ratio of slurry and porous graphene solution is (1-3)
:(2-5), obtain porous graphene and lithium titanate precursor collosol and gel, lower dry 100 ℃-120 ℃ of temperature, be 12-15 hour drying time, obtains porous graphene and lithium titanate precursor powder;
Step 3, solid phase reaction
Above-mentioned precursor powder speed with per minute 5-10 ℃ under inert gas atmosphere is warming up to 800-900 ℃, and sintering 12-15 hour, products therefrom namely got the lithium titanate carbon composite through grinding.
Wherein, inert gas described in the step 3 is argon gas.
Wherein, fluoropolymer described in the step 1 is polytetrafluoroethylene.
The present invention also provides a kind of lithium titanate carbon composite of said method preparation.
The lithium titanate carbon compound cathode materials of the present invention preparation has adopted the composite material of lithium titanate and porous graphene, has high multiplying power and overstable cycle performance, also have higher energy density, when being used for lithium ion battery, specific capacity is high, good cycle, long service life.
Embodiment
Embodiment one
Preparation porous graphene material
Under 0 ℃ of ice bath, press the mass volume ratio 1g of graphite powder and the concentrated sulfuric acid
:2ml is distributed to graphite powder in the concentrated sulfuric acid, stirs the lower KMnO of adding
4, institute adds KMnO
4Quality be 2 times of graphite, stirred 1 minute, temperature rises to about 40 ℃, adds 2 times of distilled water of concentrated sulfuric acid volume, stirs the H of the mass concentration 30% that adding concentrated sulfuric acid volume is 1 times 40 minutes
2O
2, stirred 10 minutes, through centrifugation, with obtaining the graphite oxide nano material behind mass concentration 5% acetum, distilled water and the ethylene glycol cyclic washing.
Above-mentioned graphite oxide nano material is prepared the graphite oxide aqueous solution of 5 mg/mL, the graphite oxide aqueous solution is poured in the stainless steel cauldron that polytetrafluoroethylene is inner bag, wherein the volume ratio of graphite oxide aqueous solution and polytetrafluoroethylene is 3
:5, the stainless steel cauldron sealing is placed air dry oven, reaction is 15 hours under 190 ° of C conditions, then stainless steel cauldron is naturally cooled to room temperature, with the moisture content in the filter paper draw solution, the powder that obtains places vacuum drying chamber fully dry, obtains the porous graphene material.
Porous graphene and lithium titanate precursor powder
Three-dimensional porous Graphene is scattered in the water, and being made into concentration is the three-dimensional porous graphene solution of 20 mg/mL, in molar ratio Li
:Ti=0.8
:1.1 ratio get respectively lithium carbonate/lithium acetate mixture and titanium dioxide, wherein the mass ratio of lithium carbonate and lithium acetate is 1:2, be that the deionized water of 0.5 times of lithium carbonate/lithium acetate mixture is put into the ball grinder ball milling and mixed with lithium carbonate/lithium acetate mixture, titanium dioxide and quality, obtain slurry, then mix above-mentioned slurry and porous graphene solution under stirring condition, wherein the volume ratio of slurry and porous graphene solution is 1
:2, obtain porous graphene and lithium titanate precursor collosol and gel, lower dry 100 ℃ of temperature, be 15 hours drying time, obtains porous graphene and lithium titanate precursor powder.
Solid phase reaction
Above-mentioned precursor powder speed with 5 ℃ of per minutes under argon gas atmosphere is warming up to 800 ℃, constant temperature sintering 15 hours, products therefrom namely gets the lithium titanate carbon composite through grinding.
Embodiment two
Preparation porous graphene material
Under 0 ℃ of ice bath, press the mass volume ratio 4g of graphite powder and the concentrated sulfuric acid
:3ml is distributed to graphite powder in the concentrated sulfuric acid, stirs the lower KMnO of adding
4, institute adds KMnO
4Quality be 3 times of graphite, stirred 2 minutes, temperature rises to about 45 ℃, adds 3 times of distilled water of concentrated sulfuric acid volume, stirs the H of the mass concentration 30% that adding concentrated sulfuric acid volume is 2 times 40 minutes
2O
2, stirred 15 minutes, through centrifugation, with obtaining the graphite oxide nano material behind mass concentration 7% acetum, distilled water and the ethylene glycol cyclic washing;
Above-mentioned graphite oxide nano material is prepared the graphite oxide aqueous solution of 10 mg/mL, the graphite oxide aqueous solution is poured in the stainless steel cauldron that polytetrafluoroethylene is inner bag, wherein the volume ratio of graphite oxide aqueous solution and polytetrafluoroethylene is 4
:5, the stainless steel cauldron sealing is placed air dry oven, reaction is 12 hours under 200 ° of C conditions, then stainless steel cauldron is naturally cooled to room temperature, with the moisture content in the filter paper draw solution, the powder that obtains places vacuum drying chamber fully dry, obtains the porous graphene material.
Porous graphene and lithium titanate precursor powder
Three-dimensional porous Graphene is scattered in the water, and being made into concentration is the three-dimensional porous graphene solution of 20 mg/mL, in molar ratio Li
:Ti=0.8
:1.1 ratio get respectively lithium carbonate/lithium acetate mixture and titanium dioxide, wherein the mass ratio of lithium carbonate and lithium acetate is 1:4, be that the deionized water of 1 times of lithium carbonate/lithium acetate mixture is put into the ball grinder ball milling and mixed with lithium carbonate/lithium acetate mixture, titanium dioxide and quality, obtain slurry, then mix above-mentioned slurry and porous graphene solution under stirring condition, wherein the volume ratio of slurry and porous graphene solution is 3
:5, obtain porous graphene and lithium titanate precursor collosol and gel, lower dry 120 ℃ of temperature, be 12 hours drying time, obtains porous graphene and lithium titanate precursor powder.
Solid phase reaction
Above-mentioned precursor powder speed with 10 ℃ of per minutes under argon gas atmosphere is warming up to 900 ℃, constant temperature sintering 12 hours, products therefrom namely gets the lithium titanate carbon composite through grinding.
Comparative example
Titanium dioxide, lithium hydroxide are compared n according to the atom metering
Li :n
Ti=1
:1.1 be dissolved in respectively in a certain amount of absolute ethyl alcohol, again both are mixed, stir 30min.Be designated as A liquid.Take by weighing carbon fiber and be dissolved in absolute ethyl alcohol according to target product quality 3%, ultrasonic 30min is designated as B liquid.Under magnetic agitation, B solution is slowly joined in the A solution, ageing 10 hours is C liquid.Dry C solution made it become xerogel in 12 hours in vacuum drying chamber, and xerogel speed with 5 ℃ of per minutes under protective atmosphere is warming up to 800 ℃, constant temperature sintering 15 hours, and products therefrom namely gets lithium titanate-carbon fibre composite through grinding.
With embodiment one, two and comparative example gained lithium titanate carbon composite, be 90 according to active material lithium titanate carbon, conductive carbon black, binding agent Kynoar (PVDF) three's mass ratio
:5
:5 mix, and film into the approximately electrode film of 0.15mm of thickness with the wet film preparing device, and 120 ℃ of dryings are 24 hours under vacuum, are cut into the electrode slice that diameter is 12mm with slicing machine, weigh and the accurate quality of calculated activity material.As to electrode and reference electrode, Clegard2500 makes barrier film, 1mol/L LiPF with metal lithium sheet
6EC+DMC(volume ratio 1
:1) solution is electrolyte, is assembled into 2016 type button cells in being full of the glove box of argon gas.Then with the preparation its chemical property of battery testing: after tested this embodiment one with two material compare with the material of comparative example, first discharge specific capacity has promoted more than the 40-45%, cycle life has improved more than 1.5 times.
Above specific embodiments of the invention are described in detail, but it is just as example, the present invention is not restricted to specific embodiment described above.To those skilled in the art, any equivalent modifications that the present invention is carried out and substituting also all among category of the present invention.Therefore, not breaking away from impartial conversion and the modification of doing under the spirit and scope of the present invention, all should contain within the scope of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. the preparation method of a lithium titanate carbon composite is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
Step 1, preparation porous graphene material
Under 0 ℃ of ice bath, press mass volume ratio (1-4) g of graphite powder and the concentrated sulfuric acid
:(2-3) ml is distributed to graphite powder in the concentrated sulfuric acid, stirs the lower KMnO of adding
4, institute adds KMnO
4Quality be graphite 2-3 doubly, stirred 1-2 minute, temperature rises to 40-45 ℃, adds concentrated sulfuric acid volume 2-3 distilled water doubly, stirs the H of the mass concentration 30% that adding concentrated sulfuric acid volume is 1-2 times 40-50 minute
2O
2, stirred 10-15 minute, through centrifugation, with obtaining the graphite oxide nano material behind mass concentration 5-7% acetum, distilled water and the ethylene glycol cyclic washing;
With the graphite oxide aqueous solution of above-mentioned graphite oxide nano material preparation 5-10 mg/mL, the graphite oxide aqueous solution is poured in the reactor that fluoropolymer is inner bag, wherein the volume ratio of graphite oxide aqueous solution and fluoropolymer is (3-4)
:5, reaction is 12-15 hour under 190-200 ° of C condition, is cooled to room temperature, removes the moisture content in the solution, with the powder for drying that obtains, obtains the porous graphene material;
Step 2, porous graphene and lithium titanate precursor powder
Three-dimensional porous Graphene is scattered in the water, and being made into concentration is the three-dimensional porous graphene solution of 10-20 mg/mL, in molar ratio Li
:Ti=0.8
:Ratio (1-1.1) is got respectively lithium carbonate/lithium acetate mixture and titanium dioxide, and wherein the mass ratio of lithium carbonate and lithium acetate is 1
:(2-4), be that lithium carbonate/lithium acetate mixture 0.5-1 deionized water ball milling doubly mixes with lithium carbonate/lithium acetate mixture, titanium dioxide and quality, obtain slurry, then mix above-mentioned slurry and porous graphene solution under stirring condition, wherein the volume ratio of slurry and porous graphene solution is (1-3)
:(2-5), obtain porous graphene and lithium titanate precursor collosol and gel, lower dry 100 ℃-120 ℃ of temperature, be 12-15 hour drying time, obtains porous graphene and lithium titanate precursor powder;
Step 3, solid phase reaction
Above-mentioned precursor powder speed with per minute 5-10 ℃ under inert gas atmosphere is warming up to 800-900 ℃, and sintering 12-15 hour, products therefrom namely got the lithium titanate carbon composite through grinding.
2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, inert gas described in the step 3 is argon gas.
3. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, fluoropolymer described in the step 1 is polytetrafluoroethylene.
4. lithium titanate carbon composite of method preparation as claimed in claim 1.
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Cited By (11)
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CN103199218A (en) * | 2013-04-08 | 2013-07-10 | 严红飞 | Preparation method of positive material of lithium-ion battery for portable game machine |
CN103833032A (en) * | 2014-03-11 | 2014-06-04 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Graphene-based composite cathode material |
CN104091937A (en) * | 2014-07-18 | 2014-10-08 | 深圳市振华新材料股份有限公司 | Lithium titanate-coated surface-treated graphite negative electrode material, preparation method and application of negative electrode material |
CN104377344A (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2015-02-25 | 李宏斌 | Preparation method and use of LiTi2O4-graphene composite material |
CN104852028A (en) * | 2015-04-08 | 2015-08-19 | 合肥工业大学 | Lithium titanate/graphene composite cathode material for lithium ion battery |
CN105762346A (en) * | 2016-05-09 | 2016-07-13 | 河北工业大学 | Preparation method of spherical lithium titanate-graphene composite material for cathodes of lithium ion batteries |
CN105826547A (en) * | 2016-05-15 | 2016-08-03 | 河北工业大学 | Method for preparing graphene-doped/carbon-clad lithium titanate composite negative electrode material through three-step method |
WO2016188130A1 (en) * | 2015-05-22 | 2016-12-01 | 田东 | Preparation method for porous graphite-doped and carbon-coated lithium titanate negative electrode material |
CN110400924A (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2019-11-01 | 卢昌琴 | A kind of cathode material of lithium-ion power battery and preparation method thereof |
CN113460991A (en) * | 2021-06-17 | 2021-10-01 | 四川启睿克科技有限公司 | Self-supporting porous lithium titanate composite precursor, negative electrode material thereof and preparation method |
CN115626637A (en) * | 2022-09-23 | 2023-01-20 | 天能新能源(湖州)有限公司 | Preparation method of carbon/graphene/lithium titanate composite negative electrode material |
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CN103199218A (en) * | 2013-04-08 | 2013-07-10 | 严红飞 | Preparation method of positive material of lithium-ion battery for portable game machine |
CN103833032A (en) * | 2014-03-11 | 2014-06-04 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Graphene-based composite cathode material |
CN104091937B (en) * | 2014-07-18 | 2016-05-04 | 深圳市振华新材料股份有限公司 | Lithium titanate coated negative material, method for making and application thereof through surface treatment graphite |
CN104091937A (en) * | 2014-07-18 | 2014-10-08 | 深圳市振华新材料股份有限公司 | Lithium titanate-coated surface-treated graphite negative electrode material, preparation method and application of negative electrode material |
CN104377344B (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2017-02-15 | 李宏斌 | Preparation method and use of LiTi2O4-graphene composite material |
CN104377344A (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2015-02-25 | 李宏斌 | Preparation method and use of LiTi2O4-graphene composite material |
CN104852028A (en) * | 2015-04-08 | 2015-08-19 | 合肥工业大学 | Lithium titanate/graphene composite cathode material for lithium ion battery |
WO2016188130A1 (en) * | 2015-05-22 | 2016-12-01 | 田东 | Preparation method for porous graphite-doped and carbon-coated lithium titanate negative electrode material |
CN105762346A (en) * | 2016-05-09 | 2016-07-13 | 河北工业大学 | Preparation method of spherical lithium titanate-graphene composite material for cathodes of lithium ion batteries |
CN105826547A (en) * | 2016-05-15 | 2016-08-03 | 河北工业大学 | Method for preparing graphene-doped/carbon-clad lithium titanate composite negative electrode material through three-step method |
CN110400924A (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2019-11-01 | 卢昌琴 | A kind of cathode material of lithium-ion power battery and preparation method thereof |
CN113460991A (en) * | 2021-06-17 | 2021-10-01 | 四川启睿克科技有限公司 | Self-supporting porous lithium titanate composite precursor, negative electrode material thereof and preparation method |
CN115626637A (en) * | 2022-09-23 | 2023-01-20 | 天能新能源(湖州)有限公司 | Preparation method of carbon/graphene/lithium titanate composite negative electrode material |
CN115626637B (en) * | 2022-09-23 | 2024-03-19 | 天能新能源(湖州)有限公司 | Preparation method of carbon/graphene/lithium titanate composite anode material |
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