CN103003335B - 氨基官能有机硅的乳液 - Google Patents
氨基官能有机硅的乳液 Download PDFInfo
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- CN103003335B CN103003335B CN201180035157.2A CN201180035157A CN103003335B CN 103003335 B CN103003335 B CN 103003335B CN 201180035157 A CN201180035157 A CN 201180035157A CN 103003335 B CN103003335 B CN 103003335B
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- emulsion
- amino
- functional organic
- sio
- organic silicon
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- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 125000001181 organosilyl group Chemical group [SiH3]* 0.000 title description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
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- 239000004205 dimethyl polysiloxane Substances 0.000 claims description 10
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- 125000000962 organic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 8
- HMMGMWAXVFQUOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane Chemical compound C[Si]1(C)O[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)O1 HMMGMWAXVFQUOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
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- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000913 palmityl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004079 stearyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 3
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- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000400 lauroyl group Chemical group O=C([*])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001419 myristoyl group Chemical group O=C([*])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
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- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- 241000195940 Bryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
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- WOWHHFRSBJGXCM-UHFFFAOYSA-M cetyltrimethylammonium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C WOWHHFRSBJGXCM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- 125000002704 decyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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Abstract
本发明涉及通过如下方式制备氨基官能有机硅乳液:形成A)100份的23℃下粘度为至少50,000mm2/s的聚二烷基硅氧烷和B)0.1-100份的氨基官能有机聚硅氧烷的混合物,混入C)0.1-50份的无卤化物的含有至少10个碳原子的季铵表面活性剂以及足量的水,以形成乳液。
Description
相关专利申请的交叉引用
本申请要求2010年7月21日提交的第61/366313号美国专利申请的权利。
背景技术
氨基官能有机硅和高分子量有机硅的乳液广泛用于护发组合物中,以提供各种美感效果。已商业开发出各种类型的乳液,以提供这种氨基官能有机硅聚合物的水基产品,用作头发调理剂。一种制备氨基官能有机硅乳液的方法涉及乳液聚合技术,该技术首先将硅氧烷单体乳化,随后聚合成高分子量。作为另一种选择,可从预形成的氨基官能有机硅制备机械乳液。
减少有机硅乳液中溶剂、未反应的硅氧烷、催化剂残余物、环状聚合副产物以及其他杂质的存在,是本领域当前的一个挑战。当这类杂质与下游应用(例如医疗、美容和个人护理应用)不相容时,在这类杂质的存在会降低乳液的稳定性的情况下,或者在法规规定要求去除或减少这类杂质的存在的情况下,或者出于其他原因,减少这类杂质的需求就会产生。具体而言,人们感兴趣的是减少环硅氧烷如八甲基环四硅氧烷和十甲基环五硅氧烷在有机硅乳液中的存在。
本发明人已发现了生产环硅氧烷含量减低的氨基官能硅氧烷的机械乳液的方法。因此,与通过常规方法制备的乳液相比,通过本发明方法生产的乳液中八甲基环四硅氧烷和十甲基环五硅氧烷的量减少。所得的乳液尤其可用于护发产品。
发明内容
本发明涉及制备氨基官能有机硅乳液的方法,该方法包括:
I)形成以下A)和B)的混合物:
A)100份的聚二烷基硅氧烷,
其在23℃下的粘度为至少50,000mm2/s,
B)0.1-100份的氨基官能有机聚硅氧烷,
II)混入
C)0.1-50份的无卤化物的
含至少10个碳原子的季铵表面活性剂
以及足量的水,以形成乳液,
III)任选地,还剪切混合该乳液。
本发明还涉及通过本发明方法生产的乳液。本发明方法提供的氨基官能有机硅乳液其挥发性硅氧烷含量占乳液的总有机硅含量小于1重量%。
具体实施方式
本发明方法的第一个步骤涉及
I)形成以下A)和B)的混合物:
A)100份的聚二烷基硅氧烷,
其在23℃下的粘度为至少50,000mm2/s,和
B)0.1-100份的氨基官能有机聚硅氧烷。
A)所述聚二烷基硅氧烷
本发明方法中的组分A)为聚二烷基硅氧烷。组分A)可选自具有以下通式的聚二烷基硅氧烷:
[R1 2R2SiO1/2][R1 2SiO2/2]x[R1 2R2SiO1/2]
其中R1为含有1-30个碳原子的烷基基团,R2可为R1烷基基团或羟基基团,下标“x”表示聚合度且大于1000。通常,聚二烷基硅氧烷为三甲基甲硅烷氧基封端的聚二甲基硅氧烷流体,其聚合度(x)足以提供23℃下至少50,000mm2/s(或者50,000厘沲,缩写cS)的聚二甲基硅氧烷流体粘度,作为另一种选择,(x)足以提供23℃下至少100,000mm2/s的聚二甲基硅氧烷流体粘度,作为另一种选择,(x)足以提供23℃下至少500,000mm2/s的聚二甲基硅氧烷流体粘度。适合作为组分A)的三甲基甲硅烷氧基封端聚二甲基硅氧烷流体的代表性商业产品包括粘度为至少50,000厘沲的DowCorning流体(美国密歇根州米德兰市道康宁公司(Dow CorningCorporation,Midland MI))。
所述聚二烷基硅氧烷也可以是各种聚二烷基硅氧烷的混合物。此外,所述聚二烷基硅氧烷也可以溶于合适的溶剂如较低分子量(即x小于1000)聚二烷基硅氧烷中。
B)所述氨基官能有机聚硅氧烷
有机聚硅氧烷是含有独立选自(R3SiO1/2)、(R2SiO2/2)、(RSiO3/2)或(SiO4/2)甲硅烷氧基单元的硅氧烷单元的聚合物,其中R可为任何单价有机基团。当在有机聚硅氧烷的(R3SiO1/2)、(R2SiO2/2)、(RSiO3/2)或(SiO4/2)甲硅烷氧基单元中R为甲基基团时,这些甲硅烷氧基单元通常分别称为M、D、T和Q单元。这些甲硅烷氧基单元可以各种方式进行组合以形成环状、直链或支链结构。所得的聚合物结构的化学和物理性质可不同。例如,取决于平均聚合物分子式中的甲硅烷氧基单元的数目和类型,有机聚硅氧烷可以是挥发性或低粘度流体、高粘度流体/胶、弹性体或橡胶以及树脂。R可以是任何单价有机基团,作为另一种选择,R为含有1-30个碳的烃基,作为另一种选择,R为含有1-30个碳原子的烷基基团,或者作为另一种选择,R为甲基。
本发明的氨基官能有机聚硅氧烷的特征在于分子式RnSiO(4-n)/2中的至少一个R基团为氨基基团。氨基官能团可存在于任何具有R取代基的甲硅烷氧基单元上,也即,它们可存在于任何(R3SiO1/2)、(R2SiO2/2)或(RSiO3/2)单元上,并在本文的化学式中标示为RN。氨基官能有机基团RN由式-R3NHR4、-R3NR2 4或-R3NHR3NHR4的基团例示,其中每个R3独立地为具有至少2个碳原子的二价烃基团,R4为氢或烷基基团。每个R3通常为具有2-20个碳原子的亚烷基基团。R3由诸如以下的基团例示:-CH2CH2-、-CH2CH2CH2-、-CH2CHCH3-、-CH2CH2CH2CH2-、-CH2CH(CH3)CH2-、-CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-、-CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-、-CH2CH2CH(CH2CH3)CH2CH2CH2-、-CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-和-CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-。烷基基团R4如上文对R所例示。当R4为烷基基团时,它通常为甲基。
合适的氨基官能烃基团的一些例子是:
-CH2CH2NH2、-CH2CH2CH2NH2、-CH2CH(CH3)NH2、-CH2CH2CH2CH2NH2、-CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2NH2、-CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2NH2、-CH2CH2NHCH3、-CH2CH2CH2NHCH3、-CH2CH(CH3)CH2NHCH3、-CH2CH2CH2CH2NHCH3、-CH2CH2NHCH2CH2NH2、-CH2CH2CH2NHCH2CH2NH2、-CH2CH2CH2NHCH2CH2CH2NH2、-CH2CH2CH2CH2NHCH2CH2CH2CH2NH2、-CH2CH2NHCH2CH2NHCH3、-CH2CH2CH2NHCH2CH2CH2NHCH3、-CH2CH2CH2CH2NHCH2CH2CH2CH2NHCH3和-CH2CH2NHCH2CH2NHCH2CH2CH2CH3。
作为另一种选择,氨基官能团为-CH2CH(CH3)CH2NHCH2CH2NH2。
用作组分B)的所述氨基官能有机聚硅氧烷可选自那些具有以下平均化学式的氨基官能有机聚硅氧烷:
[R3SiO1/2][R2SiO2/2]a[RRNSiO2/2]b[R3SiO1/2]
其中:a为1-1000,作为另一种选择1-500,作为另一种选择1-200,
b为1-100,作为另一种选择1-50,作为另一种选择1-10,R独立地为单价有机基团,
作为另一种选择,R为含有1-30个碳原子的烃,
作为另一种选择,R为含有1-12个碳的单价烷基基团,或者
作为另一种选择,R为甲基基团;
RN如上定义。
用作组分B)的所述氨基官能有机聚硅氧烷也可以是任何上文提到的氨基官能有机聚硅氧烷的组合。所述氨基官能有机聚硅氧烷也可溶于合适的溶剂如较低分子量有机聚硅氧烷或有机溶剂中。
步骤(I)中的混合可以通过本领域已知的任何用来实现高粘度材料的混合的方法来完成。混合可以以批式工艺、半连续工艺或者连续工艺来进行。混合可以例如使用以下设备来进行:具有中/低剪切的批式混合设备,包括换罐式混合机、双行星混合机、带状混料机、双臂或弓刀(sigma blade)混合机;具有高剪切和高速度分散器的批式设备,包括Charles Ross&Sons公司(纽约州)、Hockmeyer Equipment Corp.公司(新泽西州)制造的那些设备;如以商品名出售的那些批式混合设备;具有高剪切作用的批式设备,包括Banbury型(CW Brabender Instruments Inc.公司,新泽西州)和Henschel型(Henschel mixers America公司,得克萨斯州)。连续混合机/混炼机的示例性例子包括挤出机单螺旋、双螺旋和多螺旋挤出机、共旋转挤出机,如Krupp Werner&Pfleiderer Corp公司(新泽西州拉姆齐(Ramsey,NJ))和Leistritz(新泽西州)制造的那些挤出机;双螺旋反转挤出机、二段式挤出机、双转子连续混合机、动态或静态混合机或者这些设备的组合。
本发明方法中的步骤II)涉及混入
C)0.1-50份的无卤化物的
含至少10个碳原子的季铵表面活性剂以及
足量的水,以形成乳液。
C)所述季铵表面活性剂
本发明方法中的组分C)是无卤化物的含有至少10个碳原子的季铵表面活性剂。本文所用的“无卤化物的”意指所述季铵表面活性剂不含氟化物、氯化物、溴化物或碘化物作为季铵化合物中的反荷离子。
所述无卤化物的季铵表面活性剂可具有以下化学式:
R5 aR6 (4-a)N+X-,其中
下标“a”可在1-4的范围内,作为另一种选择,“a”为1。
R5为含有至少10个碳原子的有机基团,
R6独立地为含有1-20个碳原子的烃基团,
X为无卤化物的反荷离子。
在上式中,R5为含有至少10个碳原子的有机基团。R5的代表性非限制性例子包括烷基基团,如癸基、十一烷基、十二烷基、十六烷基、十八烷基等。R5也可选自那些被认为衍自“脂肪酸或脂肪醇”的有机基团,如月桂基、鲸蜡基、椰油基(coco)、硬脂基、牛油基、椰油酰基(cocoyl)、月桂酰基、棕榈酰基、肉豆蔻酰基或硬脂酰基。作为另一种选择,R1为椰油基。
R6独立地为含有1-20个碳原子的烃基团。R6可以是烷基基团、烯基基团、芳基或烷基芳基基团。作为另一种选择,R6是含有1-4个碳原子的烷基基团,如甲基、乙基、丙基或丁基。作为另一种选择,R2为甲基或乙基。
X为无卤化物的反荷离子。因此,X可选自甲基硫酸盐、乙基硫酸盐、乙酸盐、甲苯磺酸盐、磷酸盐或硝酸盐作为可能的反荷离子。
适于本发明方法的市售季铵盐的代表性非限制性例子包括:
在本发明方法的步骤II)中还可包括任选的非离子型表面活性剂,在本文中标示为组分D)。一些可使用的合适非离子型表面活性剂包括聚氧乙烯烷基醚、聚氧乙烯烷基苯基醚、聚氧乙烯脂肪酸酯、脱水山梨糖醇脂肪酸酯和聚氧乙烯脱水山梨糖醇脂肪酸酯。市售的非离子型表面活性剂包括诸如以下的组合物:(i)以商品名Tergitol TMN-6和Tergitol TMN-10出售的2,6,8-三甲基-4-壬基聚氧乙烯醚;(ii)由密歇根州米德兰市陶氏化学公司(Dow Chemical Company,Midland,Michigan)以商品名Tergitol 15-S-7、Tergitol 15-S-9、Tergitol 15-S-15、Tergitol 15-S-30和Tergitol 15-S-40出售的C11-15仲烷基聚氧乙烯醚;由密歇根州米德兰市陶氏化学公司(DowChemical Company,Midland,Michigan)以商品名Triton X405出售的辛基苯基聚氧乙烯(40)醚;(iii)由伊利诺伊州北田市Stepan公司(Stepan Company,Northfield,Illinois)以商品名Makon出售的壬基苯基聚氧乙烯(10)醚;(iv)由俄亥俄州辛辛那提市艾默瑞集团汉高公司(Henkel Corp./Emery Group,Cincinnati,Ohio)以商品名Trycol 5953出售的乙氧基化醇;以及(v)由特拉华州威尔明顿市ICI表面活性剂集团有利凯玛公司(Uniqema(ICISurfactants),Wilmington,Delaware)以商品名Brij出售的乙氧基化醇,和以商品名Lutensol(巴斯夫公司(BASF))出售的基于C10-Guerbet醇的烷基聚乙二醇醚的乙氧基化物,如Lutensol XP 79。
当步骤II)中使用任选的非离子型表面活性剂时,其量可为对于每100份的本发明方法中使用的聚二烷基硅氧烷,有0.01-50份的该非离子型表面活性剂。
步骤II还涉及加入水并与步骤I)所得的混合物、与组分C)和任选的D)进行混合。通常,对于每100份的步骤I混合物,混合5-700份的水以形成乳液。
步骤II中各组分的混合可通过与上文对步骤I)所描述相同的混合技术来实现。混合还可使用剪切混合技术来实现,如转子定子混合机、均质机、声谱显示仪(sonolator)、微射流均质机(microfluidizer)、胶体磨、装配有高速旋转桨叶或能产生高剪切的桨叶的混合容器、或者超声处理,以实现乳液的形成。
在一个实施例中,形成的乳液为水连续乳液。通常,水连续乳液具有步骤I)混合物的分散颗粒,并且具有小于1000μm的平均粒度。作为另一种选择,根据本发明方法制备的乳液的平均体积粒度在0.05μm至1000μm之间;或者在0.1μm至500μm之间;或者在0.1μm至100μm之间;或者在1至10μm之间。
本发明乳液的粒度可通过激光衍射来测量。合适的激光衍射技术是本领域公知的。粒度由粒度分布(PSD)获得。PSD可根据体积、表面积和长度来测定。体积粒度等于具有与给定颗粒相同的体积的球体的直径。术语Dv表示多核微囊体(polynuclear microcapsule)的平均体积粒度。Dv 0.5是对应于累积颗粒群体(cumulative particle population)的50%所测量的体积粒度。换句话说,如果Dv 0.5=10μm,则50%的颗粒的平均体积粒度低于10μm,且50%的颗粒的平均体积粒度高于10μm。除非另有指明,否则所有平均体积粒度都用Dv 0.5计算。
步骤II)中加入的水量可为5-700份每100重量份的步骤I混合物。水是以使得形成步骤I混合物的乳液的速度加到步骤I混合物。虽然这个水量可根据所存在的聚二烷基硅氧烷和氨基官能有机聚硅氧烷以及所使用的具体季铵表面活性剂的量的选择而变,但通常水量为5-700份每100重量份的步骤I混合物,作为另一种选择,为5-100份每100重量份的步骤I混合物,或者作为另一种选择,为5-70份每100重量份的步骤I混合物。
加到步骤I混合物的水可以以递增部分(incremental portion)进行,按此办法,每个递增部分占步骤I混合物的不到30重量%,并且每个递增部分的水依次在前一递增部分的水分散后加入,其中足够的递增部分的水被加入以形成乳液。
在乳液组合物中还可包括另外的添加剂和组分,如防腐剂、冷冻/解冻添加剂以及各种增稠剂。
本发明还涉及通过本发明方法产生的乳液。在一个实施例中,通过本发明方法产生的乳液其八甲基环四硅氧烷和十甲基环五硅氧烷含量占总有机硅乳液不到1重量%。环状硅氧烷含量(即八甲基环四硅氧烷(D4)和十甲基环五硅氧烷(D5))可通过用极性和非极性有机溶剂的混合物收获乳液的有机硅相来进行测定。然后可用普通的气相色谱技术分析含有任何环状硅氧烷的溶剂。
本发明乳液可配制成个人护理产品。个人护理组合物可为乳膏、凝胶、粉末、糊或者可自由倒出的液体的形式。一般而言,这种组合物如果在室温下在其中不存在固体材料的话,通常可使用简单的桨式混合机、Brookfield反转混合机或均质混合机在室温下进行制备。通常不需要特殊的设备或加工条件。制备方法将随所作的形式的类型而不同,但这类方法是本领域公知的。
个人护理产品可对其被施用到的身体部位具有美容功能、治疗功能或者这些功能的某种组合。这种产品的常规例子包括但不限于:止汗剂和除臭剂、皮肤护理霜、皮肤护理洗液、保湿剂、面部处理剂如痤疮或皱纹去除剂、个人和面部清洁剂、沐浴油、香水、科隆香水、香粉、防晒剂、剃须前和剃须后洗液、剃须皂和剃须肥皂泡、洗发香波、头发调理剂、头发着色剂、头发松弛剂、喷发胶、摩丝、凝胶、烫发剂、脱毛剂和表皮涂剂(cuticle coat)、美容品、加色化妆品、粉底、掩饰用化妆品、腮红、口红、眼线膏、睫毛油、油去除剂、加色化妆品去除剂、以及底粉、药物霜、糊或喷剂,包括抗痤疮剂、牙齿卫生剂、抗生素、愈合促进剂、营养剂等,可以是预防性的和/或治疗性的。一般而言,个人护理产品可用能便于以任何常规形式施用的载体进行配制,所述形式包括但不限于液体、润丝(rinses)、洗液、膏霜、糊、凝胶、泡沫、摩丝、油膏、喷剂、气溶胶、肥皂、棒(stick)、软固体、固体凝胶和凝胶。合适载体的组成是本领域普通技术人员显然知道的。
本发明的组合物可通过标准的方法来使用,如使用施用器具、刷子将它们施用到人的身体(例如皮肤或者头发),通过手来施用,将它们倒出和/或可能地将组合物摩擦或按摩到身体上或者身体中。去除方法(例如加色化妆品的去除方法)也是公知的标准方法,包括洗涤、擦拭、剥离等。对于在皮肤上使用,将本发明的组合物可以按常规方式使用,例如用于调理皮肤。将有效量的用于该目的的组合物施用到皮肤。这种有效量通常可在约1mg/cm2至约3mg/cm2的范围内。施用于皮肤通常包括使组合物透入皮肤中。这个施用于皮肤的方法包括使皮肤与有效量的组合物接触的步骤和然后将组合物揉擦到皮肤中的步骤。这些步骤可按需重复多次以达到所需的效果。
本发明组合物在头发上的使用可采用常规的头发调理方式。将有效量的头发调理组合物施用到头发。这种有效量通常在约0.5g至约50g、优选地约1g至约20g的范围内。施用于头发通常包括使组合物透入头发,使得头发的大部分或者全部与组合物接触。这个调理头发的方法包括将有效量的头发护理组合物施用于头发的步骤和然后使组合物透入头发的步骤。这些步骤可按需重复多次以达到所需的调理效果。
实例
本说明书包括如下实例以阐述本发明的优选实施例。本领域的技术人员应该理解,随后的实例中公开的技术代表本发明人发现在实施本发明中表现良好的技术,因而可视为构成其实施的优选模式。然而,本领域的技术人员应该理解,根据本公开内容,可以在不背离本发明的精神和范围的情况下,在所公开的具体实施例中做出许多改变且仍可获得类似或相同的结果。所有的百分数为重量%。除非另外指明,否则所有的测量均在23℃下进行。
实例1
首先,将23℃下粘度为600,000mm2/s(cS)的283.5克聚二甲基硅氧烷(Dow200流体)加入到Max 500牙科混合杯。然后,加入31.6克的Dow2-8566氨基流体(三甲基甲硅烷氧基封端的,二甲基,甲基(氨基乙基氨基异丁基)聚硅氧烷,具有随机分布的两摩尔百分比硅原子被甲基(氨基乙基氨基异丁基)官能团取代和具有足够分子量以提供的3,000mPa·s(cP)的旋转粘度)。用DAC 600FVZ SpeedMixerTM(FlackTekInc.公司)将有机硅流体进行混合。一旦均匀,加入4.5克的XP79(巴斯夫公司(BASF))、7.4克的Mono LS(巴斯夫公司)和11.5克的去离子水。用SpeedMixerTM进行混合,得到高度粘稠的白色不透明乳液。随后,用110.2克的去离子水稀释乳液,再次用SpeedMixerTM混合。使用Mastersizer 2000(Malvern Instruments Ltd公司)测量粒度。50%粒度为2.047微米,90%粒度为3.782微米。
在22℃下14天后,将实例1乳液的等分试样用极性和非极性有机溶剂的混合物处理,以收获乳液的内相。使用气相色谱法分析溶剂的八甲基环四硅氧烷(D4)和十甲基环五硅氧烷(D5),得出在乳液中的数值分别为0.03重量%和0.05重量%。
在22℃下191天后,将实例1乳液的等分试样用极性和非极性有机溶剂的混合物处理,以收获乳液的内相。用气相色谱法测定D4和D5的重量%,发现分别为0.23重量%和0.06重量%。
将实例1乳液的样品在50℃下老化191天,然后用极性和非极性有机溶剂的混合物处理,以收获乳液的内相。用气相色谱法发现,乳液中D4的重量%为0.40重量%,而D5的重量%为0.07重量%。
实例2
将63.0克的聚二甲基硅氧烷流体(Dow200流体)(23℃下粘度为600,000mm2/s(cS))和7.0克的Dow2-8566氨基流体加到Max 100牙科混合杯,用DAC 150FVZ SpeedMixerTM(Flacktek Inc公司)混合至均匀。加入1.0克的XP 79(BASF公司)、1.7克的932(SurTec公司)和2.5克的去离子水,将内容物用DAC 150FVZ SpeedMixerTM进行混合。接着用24.5克的去离子水稀释乳液,然后充分混合以将乳液均匀分散于水中。乳液的中值粒度为2.756微米,90%粒度为4.70微米。
实例3
将63.0克的聚二甲基硅氧烷流体(Dow200流体)(23℃下粘度为600,000mm2/s(cS))和7.0克的Dow2-8566氨基流体加到Max 100牙科混合杯,用DAC 150 FVZ SpeedMixerTM(Flacktek,Inc公司)混合至均匀。向杯中加入1.0克的XP 79(BASF公司)、1.2克的Servamine KAC 458(Elementis Specialties公司)和3.0克的去离子水,用DAC 150 FVZ SpeedMixerTM进行混合。接着用24.5克的去离子水稀释乳液,充分混合。乳液的中值粒度为2.756微米,90%粒度为4.70微米。
比较例1
将315.0克的聚二甲基硅氧烷流体(Dow200流体)(23℃下粘度为600,000mm2/s(cS))和35.0克的Dow2-8566氨基流体加到Max 500牙科混合杯,用DAC 600FVZ SpeedMixerTM(Flacktek,Inc公司)混合至均匀。加入5.0克的XP 79(BASF公司)、8.5克的Arquad 16-29(Akzo Nobel公司)和12.50克的去离子水,然后混合直到乳液形成。用122.50克的去离子水进行稀释,充分混合以将乳液彻底分散。使用Mastersizer 2000(Malvern Instruments Ltd.公司),测得中值粒度为2.12微米,90%粒度为3.35微米。生产七天后,用极性和非极性有机溶剂的混合物收获乳液的内相。通过气相色谱法分析溶剂。发现乳液中D4的重量%为0.14重量%。乳液中D5含量为0.11重量%。
将比较例1的乳液的样品在22℃下老化200天。老化后,将乳液样品用极性和非极性有机溶剂的混合物处理以收获内相。用气相色谱法分析溶剂,定量测得乳液中D4和D5的浓度分别为0.67重量%和0.09重量%。
从比较例1中制备的乳液取等分试样在50℃下老化200天。老化后,将乳液样品用极性和非极性有机溶剂的混合物处理以收获内相。收获后分析溶剂,定量测得乳液中D4和D5的浓度分别为1.7重量%和0.23重量%。
Claims (12)
1.一种制备氨基官能有机硅乳液的方法,所述方法包括:
I)形成以下A)和B)的混合物:
A)100份的聚二烷基硅氧烷,
其在23℃的粘度为至少50,000mm2/s,和
B)0.1-100份的氨基官能有机聚硅氧烷,
II)混入
C)0.1-50份的无卤化物的含至少10个碳原子的季铵表面活性剂,以及
足量的水,以形成乳液,
III)任选地,还剪切混合所述乳液,
其中所述氨基官能有机硅乳液具有1至10μm之间的粒度,并且其中所述氨基官能有机硅乳液具有小于所述氨基官能有机硅乳液的1重量%的八甲基环四硅氧烷(D4)和十甲基环五硅氧烷(D5)含量。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述聚二烷基硅氧烷是在23℃的粘度为至少100,000mm2/s的三甲基甲硅烷氧基封端的聚二甲基硅氧烷。
3.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述氨基官能有机聚硅氧烷具有以下平均分子式:
[R3SiO1/2][R2SiO2/2]a[RRNSiO2/2]b[R3SiO1/2]
其中:a为1-1000,b为1-100,
R独立地为单价有机基团,及
RN为氨基官能团。
4.根据权利要求3所述的方法,其中R为甲基,且所述氨基官能团为
-CH2CH(CH3)CH2NHCH2CH2NH2。
5.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述无卤化物的季铵表面活性剂具有以下化学式:
R5 aR6 (4-a)N+X-,其中
a为1-4,
R5为含有至少10个碳原子的有机基团,
R6独立地为含有1-20个碳原子的烃基团,
X为无卤化物的反荷离子。
6.根据权利要求5所述的方法,其中R5为月桂基、鲸蜡基、椰油基、硬脂基、牛油基、椰油酰基、月桂酰基、棕榈酰基、肉豆蔻酰基或硬脂酰基。
7.根据权利要求5或权利要求6所述的方法,其中R6为甲基或乙基。
8.根据权利要求5所述的方法,其中X为甲基硫酸盐、乙基硫酸盐、乙酸盐、甲苯磺酸盐、磷酸盐或硝酸盐。
9.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中步骤II)还包括加入D)非离子型表面活性剂。
10.根据权利要求9所述的方法,其中所述非离子型表面活性剂为基于C10-Guerbet醇的烷基聚乙二醇醚。
11.一种氨基官能有机硅乳液,其是通过权利要求1所述的方法生产的,其中所述乳液具有1至10μm之间的粒度,并且所述乳液具有小于所述乳液的1重量%的八甲基环四硅氧烷(D4)和十甲基环五硅氧烷(D5)含量。
12.一种个人护理组合物,其包含根据权利要求11所述的氨基官能有机硅乳液。
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