CN102859088B - Net-like three-dimensional building block for building and method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to the construction of buildings and more particularly to a three-dimensional modular element in mesh, which, in combination with other elements of the same, enables the construction of a square enclosure suitable for the construction of rooms.

Description

Netted three-dimensional buildings block and method thereof for construction of buildings

Technical field

This patent disclosure relates generally to the construction of building, more particularly to net vertical module unit Part, this element and other identical element combination are capable of the square being suitable to build room Close the construction in space.

Background technology

Immediate is United States Patent (USP) 5.105.589 in first technology, and this patent belongs to the present invention's Inventor, architect Osvaldo N.Rodriguez.

According to its claim 1, it includes the modular structure for house, it is characterised in that with Accumulation mode horizontally and vertically places to be formed multiple tetrahedrons of multiple inhabitation and domestic space The combination of unit.Each unit includes six bars, and two 9-12 in bar are spaced horizontal, and And it is intersected with each other with 90 degree.Other four residue bars 3,4,5 and 6 with above-mentioned that A little 9-12 diagonal are arranged, first pair of bar 3,4 of described four bars have be attached to described Multiple first lower ends of the opposed end of one bar 12 of crossbar and be attached to another and intersect Multiple first upper ends of one end of bar 9.Second pair of bar 5,6 in four bars has and is attached to The end relative with described crossbar 12 and be attached to each first bar 3-4 another of four bars Multiple second lower ends of one adjacent subordinate end, and there is the other end at described crossbar 9 Multiple second upper ends combined at portion.These six bars form the limit of tetrahedron element Boundary, this corresponds to limit the reality of the living space in house to diagonal bar 3,4,5 and 6 Cubical side surface, these crossbars 9-12 coupling reality of each group is cubical relatively The diagonal bar of base portion, the tetrahedron element that the formation of described bar overlaps with the bar of one group of next-door neighbour Border, in order to provide the sequent occupance space vertically and horizontally selected, in these bars extremely A few bar 9 has the stiffening device of load time, it unit including being similar to rod element 10 The structure that part and the lath between bar 9 and the element being similar to bar 10 are strengthened, Qi Zhongsuo The residue bar stated in bar does not has stiffening device.

This United States Patent (USP) of appellant uses a kind of a kind of as upper by being converted into by a bar The tetrahedron that the net grid support of the supporting of floor adjusts, and have employed appearance in claim Other difference.

Another measure belonging to same inventor is chilean patents P00 01 06 277 and Argentina Patent N ° AR 026905 B1, its theme be " for by make building block relative to It is similar to building block juxtaposition in horizontally and vertically plane in theory unlimited continuous print mode Build the construction block of living space ".

It includes the construction block for building living space in building, this knot Structure building block provides the cubic configuration association making durable pyramid structure with living space The probability adjusted, it includes at least one the durable gold of the bar placed according to half octahedral form Word tower structure unit, this half octahedral form makes for building block and orthogonal The basis of wall is limited, and relative to described basis limit half cubic space, with Half cubic space of juxtaposed building block defines in horizontally and vertically direction when combining On the living space that configures with unlimited continuation mode.

As discussed, a half octahedral part octahedra part similar with other is laterally symmetrical Alignment, as being both the checkerboard in the plane on basis.Another checkerboard basis quilt Be placed between the summit of each building block, summit and subsequently one row basis plane Between leave by wall plane cover space.

In it is summarized, it has been found that the structure that describes within this document and by appellant's Difference between the structure obtained in embodiment.Each assembly is by by claimed mould Block structure combination juxtaposed with one another is formed.Each half octahedral remaining space is by forming wall The panel of wall covers.

Entitled " the knot for building as United States Patent (USP) 3.710.528 of common knowledge Structure ".Each assembly is by being formed combination juxtaposed with one another for modular structure required for protection. The structure that it includes having the framework in punch unit and tetrahedron element is mentioned in its general introduction, Some of them have a summit being positioned at the first horizontal plane, and other has and is positioned at second Summit in plane, the edge of each tetrahedron element is the common edge of adjacent octahedra unit Edge.It is positioned at by the edge of the tetrahedron element on the beam being added to hexagon panel The limit along these tetrahedrons with octahedra unit of the rectangular panel in the perpendicular limited The beam of edge configuration is placed in the first and second planes.Hexagon and rectangular panel are defined as Shape is the unit of similar hexagonal prism.

In this embodiment, basic tetrahedron and octahedra building block are by neighboringly It is combined together to be combined so that it is corresponding summit is coplanar in continuous level.This Plant structure to complete by being placed on by beam on its edge.Resulting structures is different from this file and retouches The structure stated.

The entitled of United States Patent (USP) 4.869.041 recently becoming common knowledge " has octahedron The special frames of/tetrahedron combiner and for assembling the parts of this special frames ".Its bag Include the multiple identical lateral support of the geometry of use octahedron/tetrahedron (combination), The lateral support wherein replacing simple tubular element is made into longitudinal space structure.This invention It is fixed that second aspect relates to the end so that the lateral support for octahedron/tetrahedron combinative structure To the connector with combination.

In one embodiment, connector has two tetrahedron shape penetrated each other, Each lateral support is made to be installed in the case of not disturbing other lateral support and move Remove.Component is kept to be described as need not assembling tool.

United States Patent (USP) N ° 4.869.041 has many difference relative to this invention.They come from Octahedron/tetrahedral geometry, the tetrahedron penetrated each other eliminates as this structure The lateral support of parts, and it is desirably combined into the holding means of the different parts of attachment structure.

United States Patent (USP) 4.722.162 as common knowledge equally relates to " by multiple rule four sides The octahedral structure that body crystal lattice type unit is constituted ".

Regular tetrahedral crystal lattice type unit (RTL) can have lightweight, ruggedness and rigidity Outstanding situation one-dimensional, two peacekeeping three dimensional structures in be used as structural mass.Network structure can Including at least three imaginary non-boundary cube to think, the most each unit includes a pair RTL, their every pair is formed by six elements completely, and these elements, with crossing at right angle, have The arm of equal length, and combine at eight apex.Each of eight summits is corresponding to vacation Think the turning of cubic units, and in each cubic units and those paired RTL Other cubic units of another and at least one and this of described crystal lattice type structure to RTL Share interface.These structures can form string on straight line, and with three-dimensional crossing at right angle, from And contribute to traditional construction by simple manufacture method and rapid field restorative procedure.

Crystal lattice type structure the most required for protection includes at least three not having edge Imagination cubic units, the most each unit includes a pair regular tetrahedral crystal lattice type structure, And every pair of regular tetrahedral structure is only formed by with decussate 6 elements, these yuan Part assembles equally, has identical length, combines in 8 summits, and each summit is equal to In a turning of one of described cubic units, each of wherein said cubic units With this to regular tetrahedral structure each together with at least another cubic units and lattice This of formula structure is to regular cube units shared interface.

The combination in specific part of the tetrahedron building block is used for forming framework, with right angle Intersect and be again directed at.In the present invention only including fundamental tetrahedron building block permissible Find these situations, and with the addition of in earlier embodiments unexistent tensioning member or Hold.

Summary of the invention

The conceptive netted three-dimensional buildings block for construction of buildings includes: multiple tradition Tetrahedral element, each element by being attached to an opposite vertexes of described element by tensioning member And it is combined with the tensioning member with the length-specific equal to tetrahedron height a pair, thus structure Become building block；For having the building at least one room in single floor, make With single building block, and tetrahedral two summits anchor to basic part, and its In a described tensioning member be fixed to a described tetrahedral summit by its one end and just come Position, and another tensioning member is again secured to belong to identical another summit tetrahedral so that The direction of the described tensioning member of parallel installation orients on building vertical direction；At each Between each respective end and the described tetrahedral summit being fixed to basic part of tight component Having the square floor panel of one, described square floor panel is together with multiple wall panel Forming room, at least one wall panel is provided with opening, thus be fixed to therefore be formed The roof panels of structure complete room；For at least having the building of the second floor, with 90 degree of second building blocks rotated and the unit juxtaposition installed for the first floor, building The lower horizontal bar of thing block and the upper level bar weight of the building block of the first floor bottom surface Close.Corresponding tensioning member is fixed to corresponding summit, installs and constitutes the first floor bottom surface The square floor panel on roof；For each bottom surface, it is carried out continuously identical process so that Building block replaces, until realizing desired height.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of simple solid netted configuration of module, should Configuration is made up of durable section bar, and makes a combination thereof to obtain framework or bracing piece, thus supports House, the framework in house can use the mode of longitudinally adjacent shape and vertically stacking extending Floor level in assemble.

General object of the present invention be to provide a kind of by single building block limit new Embodiment, from there through adding some tensioning member, in order to for building living space institute Required panel is added in the formation of the floor, ceiling and the wall that need.

The reinforcement that another object of the present invention is to obtain limiting building that will be described below The structure of bar, its outstanding durability characteristics can stand the tensile stress of any character, compression With bending, itself load and the natural load coming from such as high wind.Therefore formed anti- The structure of earthquake.

Another object of the present invention includes that the netted three-dimensional buildings block using the present invention comes Procedure below to various building.

" netted three-dimensional buildings block and the side thereof for construction of buildings is included in order to understand Method " the present invention so that it is can easily implement, with reference to appended exemplary drawings, under Face paragraph will be given the accurate description of preferred implementation, all these the most exemplary Rather than the limitative examples of the present invention, its parts can select in many equivalents, Principle without departing from the present invention set up within this document.

Accompanying drawing explanation

For in the signal accompanying drawing appended by description legal in technology, we have:

Fig. 1 represents how the order according to the present invention is formed based on its critical piece element substantially Netted three-dimensional buildings block to obtain the perspective view of the building in inhabitation room；

Fig. 2 includes another fragmentary, perspective view of the assembling sequence according to stacked continuous elements, So as the framework obtained in the different floor level of building.Last of this series is corresponding In two adjacent cells.

Fig. 3 is the fragmentary, perspective view of the framework of multiple floor level, and wherein floor was being built In journey in place.The diagram of this example only has four cubes forming four adjacent room.

Fig. 4, corresponding to the perspective view of the framework shown in earlier drawings, depicts six buildings here Layer plane, the room without roof arranges door and window.

In the drawing, identical reference represents similar or corresponding parts.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 is the view of a series of images of the building course representing single room.This list The quantity making the room of specific buildings is doubled by unit when repeating.

Primary element is represented by the tetrahedron being made up of six section bars in I and II, section bar Continuously be referred to as bar 1,2,3,4,5 and 6, these bars preferably by its respective end that This fixes, and forms summit 7,8,9 and 10.

The load suffered in building course according to them and stress are selected by the cross section of bar Select.

In the II of Fig. 1, it can be seen that this tetrahedron, two of which tensioning member is added to One opposite vertexes 11 and 12.

In the III of Fig. 1 subsequently, half floor panel 13 is to be attached to tensioning member 11 End and the mode on summit 9 and 10 be added.

Proceed to accompanying drawing IV, it can be seen that completed the building of unit by another half floor panel Layer 14, i.e. uses tensioning member 12 to make it be held in place with summit 9 and 10.Floor props up Hold on the summit overlapped with the end of tensioning member, and horizon bar overlaps with floor.

With reference to figure V, add between summit 8, tensioning member 12 and summit 10 corresponding to Indicate the panel of the room partition wall of reference 16.On summit 8, tensioning member 12 and Between summit 9, with the addition of the room partition wall indicating reference 15.

In figure VI subsequently, front panel 17 is bonded to summit 7, tensioning member 11 And between summit 10.Be attached in this front panel 17 is into and out door 18 and window 19.

In figure VI I, last panel 20 is incorporated in unit, with roof 21 1 Act the room formed in VIII.

In fig 2, sketch III and IV builds in the same manner described above, result be In netted tetrahedron, the bottom surface of floor is at tensioning member 11 and 12 and half panel 13 and 14 With the help of formed.

We see now in sketch IX, in order to build another bottom surface on top of this, and must By means of being similar to the modular assembly that obtained in II, but 90 degree must be rotated.Existing It is observed that summit 7 initially with the second tetrahedral 8th summit and summit 8 and the The coincidence on two tetrahedral 7th summits.9th and the 10th summit occurs in the far-end of assembly. First tetrahedral bar 2 2nd bar tetrahedral with second overlaps, and second is tetrahedral Tensioning member 11 becomes now relevant to the 9th and the 10th summit with 12.

In sketch X, the basic module assembly of tristerahedron intersects again, be maintained at Be used as the identical position of the first tetrahedral basic module assembly on basis, for all with After XII sketch and the first file for sketch XIII the most so continue.

It is important to note that the tensioning member " suspended " from corresponding tuberosity can pass through column P Replacing, it is necessary for particularly pointing out them for last floor.See Fig. 3 and 4.

In all cases, basic part is substantially the suitable of the oeverall quality for building Select.

In view XIII, there are two files installed in the same manner so that substantially build Build thing block and tensioning member replaces.In the accompanying drawings it can be seen that be denoted as 4 in the view And in succession 4 ', 4 " and 4 " ' section bar holding is directed at.The 5 of the distal face of building are also Identical situation occurs.Panel needed for wall will have opening, and opening is according to each difference The configuration of construction situation be probably necessary.

The all sketches being included in different building probability can be formed in a similar fashion (illustrating see accompanying drawing).

Interestingly observe some floors how from its tensioning member from tetrahedral top The crossed node N of point keeps suspension, and these nodes overlap in outside or in internal M.

Process for construction of buildings as described above is carried out in accordance with the following steps:

Step 1: prepare the enough basic parts for building, and the first tetrahedron building Block is by two anchorings in its free summit so that be arranged on the tensioning on other summit On the basis of component remains supported on；

Step 2: tetragon floor plates is installed by multiple half so that it is three in turning continuously Two summits tetrahedral with the two of tensioning member ends and first overlap；

Step 3: installing adjacent component until completing bottom, configuring continuous print modular assembly, making The external crossbar that must form each assembly takes contrary inclination；

Step 4: the summit of coincidence is attached to one another, floor plates and roofing board with prodefined opening is set Wall panel be installed together；

Step 5: modular assembly is juxtaposed, in order to set up the second floor, its tensioning member or vertical Post with 90 degree of placements, and will overlap relative to those of the first floor at each node Summit rigidly fixes each other, installs corresponding floor plates and ceiling；

Step 6: identical process is carried out continuously for each floor level so that building block Body replaces, until completing required height.

Once have built up and define the different component form of the present invention so that its character to be described, Then remarked additionally by the function of its parts and operative relationship and the result that provided thereof.

For the purpose of simplifying the description, in the structural explanation of the present invention, have been incorporated into the thin of installation Joint, to contribute to illustrating the function of each critical elements.

It is important to emphasize that in building course, the netted stereoscopic configurations of each fabrication block It is derived from the crossed node on its summit, wherein must provide for good being coupled to each other, thus integrate The static state of each and dynamic situation.In principle, it is possible to use electric welding, or on each top There is provided the device being used as intermediate so that it is more prone at Dian.In the same circumstances or always For, only bar is different material.

The mode that building block arranges in different directions, orient makes to be configured in office Obtaining the biggest structural durability on what direction in space, these ruggedness can be due to mistake in the future Necessary to degree load.

In this way, we describe the probability in a kind of structure implementing the present invention and Mode of operation, presents can be by the present invention's contained in claims appended below Combination supplements.

Claims (4)

1. a netted three-dimensional buildings block, is spliced by multiple basic architecture thing blocks, Each basic architecture thing block is used for being formed single room, and each basic architecture thing block is by just Tetrahedral element and wall panel, square floor plates, ceiling panel are constituted；

Positive tetrahedron element is fixed to one another by its respective end by the profiled bars of six roots of sensation equal length And formed, two summits of positive tetrahedron element and two diagonal summits of square floor plates Anchoring, two other summit of positive tetrahedron element is attached a tensioning member respectively；

Two described tensioning member length are equal, and in the vertical direction moves towards abreast, its The other end is respectively fixed on two other diagonal summit of square floor plates, is consequently formed The framework of basic architecture thing block, framework has two horizontal profile bars and four inclinations are horizontal Profiled bars, arranges wall panel, and and ceiling panel along tensioning member and square floor plates Forming room, at least one described wall panel is provided with opening；

One laterally it is assembled in the following way between the basic architecture thing block of same floor Rise: the respective summit bottom two positive tetrahedrons is bonded to each other, meanwhile, two positive four A respective summit on body top, face is also bonded to each other so that incline combine apex two Tiltedly the incline direction of transverse profile bar is contrary；

One vertically it is assembled in the following way between the basic architecture thing block of successive floors Rise: by the upper strata basic architecture thing block identical with lower floor basic architecture thing block relative to perpendicular Straight axis 90-degree rotation juxtaposition is on lower floor's basic architecture thing block so that upper strata basic architecture Two summits bottom thing block positive tetrahedron and lower floor's basic architecture thing block positive tetrahedron top Two summits in portion coincide with one another, as the inclination transverse profile bar of the bracing piece of multiple floors Remain parallel to each other trend.

Building block the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described square Floor plates and wall include the half of triangle.

3. the side being used for using the building block construction of buildings described in claim 1 Method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:

A. prepare to be applicable to the ground of described building, by the first basic architecture thing block just Tetrahedral two free lower vertex are anchored on ground；

B. be subsequently assembled described square floor plates so that it is continuously three in turning respectively with institute Two lower vertex of one of lower end stating tensioning member and positive tetrahedron overlap；

Hold up adjacent basic architecture thing block the most subsequently, until the first floor completes；

D. the top overlapped between each basic architecture thing block is attached to one another, ceiling and wall Wall board is installed together, and described wall panel arranges planned opening；

E. by the basic architecture thing block identical with the first floor basic architecture thing block relative to Vertical axis 90-degree rotation juxtaposition is on the basic architecture thing block of the first floor so that upper strata Two summits bottom basic architecture thing block positive tetrahedron are with lower floor's basic architecture thing block just Two summits at tetrahedron top coincide with one another, and the summit of the most rigidly attached coincidence, Corresponding floor plates and ceiling are installed, are consequently formed the second floor；

F. identical method is carried out continuously for each floor so that basic architecture thing block is handed over Replace, until realizing desired height.

Method for construction of buildings the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that In step (a), the quantity of building block to be anchored and each floor will have The quantity in room is identical, completes to erect, and the wall forming panel includes for door or window Required opening.