CN102841845A - Automatic testing method of Android device software - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of Android device software automatic testing method, comprises automatic script recording, playback and verification steps, wherein recording comprises: 101) start the program under test, and create a layer of transparent visual (View) covered on the program under test layer; the transparent View layer is a subclass of android.view.View; 102) operate the screen or buttons according to the test requirements; in the operation process, the transparent View layer intercepts and records the corresponding touch/key event, and then passes to the The test program sends corresponding and consistent simulated touch/key event transfer operation instructions; the test program executes the operation instructions. This automatic testing method, based on the Android system itself, does not need to use shell commands and high-performance PCs, thereby improving the safety, reliability, extensiveness and ease of implementation of the test.

Description

An Android device software automatic testing method

technical field

The invention relates to software black-box testing technology, in particular to an Android (Android) device software automatic testing method, especially applied to smart phones.

Background technique

Existing, Android system software automation test tool is roughly divided into three kinds, one is that test developer pre-designs test tool for a certain test path of a certain program (such as the current popular Juit (java unit test) and Robotium (an Android-based black-box automated testing framework), which is then used for automated testing. This has the advantage of saving the workload of the tester, but greatly increasing the workload of the test developer. First, a program exists If there are multiple test paths, test developers must design test tools according to different test paths. Otherwise, the comprehensiveness of program testing will not be achieved. Therefore, if the above problems cannot be done well, automated testing will not be done well. At the same time, it will also lead to serious risks and defects in the product. Maybe you can say that testing is done manually! This can indeed solve the problem of automated testing, but traditional manual testing has narrow coverage, long cycle, and high labor costs. unacceptable by the manufacturer.

The second is to use a computer (pc) to connect to the Android terminal, which is realized by installing Android's own Android driver (ADB) tool on the pc or connecting and configuring the peripheral device through the universal serial bus (USB). Socket communication parameters are displayed on the interface through the standard small window toolbox (swt)/jface tool, and at the bottom layer, the information of the device under test is obtained through the shell command to generate the corresponding test script , although the above problems can be solved like this, it cannot be separated from the computer, and it cannot be automated testing anytime and anywhere. The convenience and practicality of the tool are very poor, such as the patent application number: 201110446674.0.

The third is to obtain the information of the program under test on the device by opening the highest management authority of the device and the shell command that can only be used when the highest use authority of the device is obtained to generate the corresponding test script. This method is closely connected with the bottom layer of the Android system, which is not conducive to The security of Android devices is easy to become a tool/technology for hackers, such as the security issue of the patent application number: 201010616361.0, which is worrying.

Therefore, in the current testing technology, it is not enough to do a good job in the automated testing of the Android system, and it needs to be improved urgently.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is how to provide an automatic testing method for Android device software without using shell commands and high-performance PCs for automatic testing, thereby improving test safety, reliability, extensiveness and ease of implementation.

Above-mentioned technical problem of the present invention is solved like this: build a kind of Android device software automatic testing method, comprise following automatic script recording step:

101) start the program under test, and create a layer of transparent visible (View) layer; the View layer is a subclass of android.view.View;

102) Operate the screen or buttons according to the test requirements;

During operation, the transparent View layer intercepts and records corresponding touch/key events, and then transmits operation instructions by sending corresponding and consistent simulated touch/key events to the program under test; the program under test executes the operation instructions.

According to the Android device software automatic testing method provided by the present invention, in step 102), the simulated touch/key event is sent to the program under test through the callback function HandleEvent and the automatic testing framework Instrumention.

According to the Android device software automatic testing method provided by the present invention, in step 102), the program under test executes the operation instructions including updating the screen interface.

According to the Android device software automatic testing method provided by the present invention, when the transparent View monitors that there is an UP action, it temporarily removes itself and transmits the recording information to the callback function HandleEvent, and the callback function HandleEvent is combined with the automated testing framework Instrumentation according to the recorded information. Sending simulated touch/key events to update the program interface under test, and intercepting the record in step 102) includes recording the corresponding screen interface.

According to the Android device software automatic testing method provided by the present invention, the automatic script recording step includes cross-process recording, which cannot be achieved in a shell-based and PC-based manner.

According to the Android device software automatic testing method provided by the present invention, the recording step also includes notifying the transparent View layer to end the recording through a predefined interactive mode, and generating a recording script, specifically: the recording step also includes when the transparent View monitors that there is After the recording request ends, the recording ends and the background service RecordService is notified to extract the recording information and generate a recording script.

According to the Android device software automatic testing method provided by the present invention, the automatic testing method also includes a script playback step: sending a series of simulated touch/key events corresponding to the recorded script to the program under test according to the recorded script.

According to the Android device software automatic testing method provided by the present invention, the script playback step is repeated many times.

According to the Android device software automatic testing method provided by the present invention, the playback step further includes script analysis and validity detection sub-steps.

According to the Android device software automatic testing method provided by the present invention, the automatic testing method also includes a result verification step.

According to the Android device software automatic testing method provided by the present invention, the result verification step includes but is not limited to the following methods:

(1) said result verification step includes intercepting the screen output of the program under test and automatic/manual image comparison;

(2) The result verification step includes recording the data output of the tested program and automatic numerical comparison.

The Android device software automatic testing method provided by the invention is especially applied to smart phones, and has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

1. The program under test can record test scripts of different test paths through the present invention, and does not need to write any code or modify test scripts, avoiding manual recording of scripts of different test paths to solve the problem of program test path diversity and test tool developer design Difficult tools and heavy workload;

2. There is no need to use a PC to realize automatic recording, and no need for the highest management authority of Android devices; using technology to completely simulate the human-computer interaction function, more than 90% of test scripts with a variety of program test paths can be recorded, thereby reducing automated testing The development of tools and the investment of human capital have greatly improved the efficiency of automated testing;

3. For automated testing by collecting element coordinates, since the recording test script will only be recorded according to the switching of the interface during recording, cross-process script recording and script playback testing can be performed;

4. It can be used for regression testing, smoke testing and functional testing, which is more practical, safer, more convenient and more reliable.

Description of drawings

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment the present invention is further described in detail:

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the program flow of the automatic test software on the smart phone with touch screen according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

At first, explain the foundation and key of the present invention:

(1) Basic idea

During the recording process, when the program under test starts, a transparent View is created and placed on the program under test. When an event occurs, the monitoring method implemented by the View will record the coordinates of the element touched by the program under test or the key value of the device and generate a test script and save it on the memory card of the mobile phone. During playback, the cross-process playback test is realized according to the corresponding script parsing algorithm combined with Instrumentation (an automated test framework for the Android platform).

(2) Custom View layer

The custom transparent View inherits from android.view.View, and monitors device action events by overriding its key events onKeyDown(), onKeyUp(), onKeyLong() and touch event onTouchEvent(). At the same time, this step will also package the Target Package, ActivityName (package name and main class name of the program under test) and the information of the current device (custom code is 0) of the program under test into a special String (format: "custom code"+", "+"TargetPackage"+", "+"Activity Name"+", "+"XX") is added to StringBuffer (a string similar to String in java buffer)).

Second, describe in detail the specific implementation of the present invention in conjunction with preferred embodiments:

As shown in Figure 1, the automatic test software program on the touch screen smart phone of the preferred embodiment of the present invention specifically includes the following steps:

301) Start the program, choose to start recording (the realization of this step is to obtain all visible and operable programs of the current device and list them on the screen, and click to select an item to start the program, and also create a layer of self- The defined transparent View covers it; when the program under test is started, the Target Package, Activity Name and current device information of the program under test are encapsulated into a special string and added to the StringBuffer;

302) During the recording, touch the screen at will (this step is realized by listening to some simulated keyboard/touch screen events of the current tester on the transparent View, the rules are as follows:

If it is a button event, take the event code (custom code is 1) and the action type (the types are divided into: UP (bounce), DOWN (press), LONG (long press)) and the button value (such as the "" The return key " has a key value of 4).

If it is a touch event, take the event code (the custom code is 2) and the action type (the types are divided into: UP (bounce), DOWN (press), MOVE (move)) and the X where the interface control element is located. The coordinates of the axis Y axis (note: a click action is composed of a DOWN and an UP action; and a moving action is composed of a DOWN, multiple MOVE and an UP action) and encapsulate its value into a special The character strings (one format is: "custom code"+", "+" action type "+", "+" X-axis coordinates "+", "+"Y-axis coordinates") are added to StringBuffer and List respectively Set (an ordered sequence in java), while judging the action type of the event, the rules are as follows:

If the action type is up type, temporarily remove the transparent view, and then loop out each string from the List collection and convert it into a string array to determine the value of the first element of the string array. If the value is "1" ", take the values of all the elements after it and combine with Instrumentation's sendKeySync() method to send simulated keyboard events. If the value is "2", take the values of all elements after it and send touch events in combination with Instrumentation's sendPointerSync() method. And thus realize the touch action on the transparent view/click various action events of the device button (for example, under the transparent view, we can see some controls on the interface of the program under test, when you click (the action Composed of down and up types, that is to say, the action is to press first and then release) when a certain control is unresponsive, because the clicked object is a transparent view, when the background program detects that the click action just now contains When the action type is UP, the program will temporarily remove the transparent view, and then take out the event information just saved in the List collection, and after parsing, combine with the sendPointerSync() method of Instrumentation() to send the click action, so the interface jump is realized or update), when the action is completed, the transparent view is covered on it and all values of the List class are cleared, so the footsteps are recorded in this repeated way until the program listens to the exit command);

303) When exiting the recording, click the X monitoring icon at the bottom of the screen (the realization of this step is to write the information stored in the public temporary area to the local memory card, and the automated test script will be recorded after this);

304) After step 303) is completed, the program will return to the main interface, and at this time select to start testing (the mechanism of this step is to implement a simple file manager, whose purpose is to manage the test script recorded by the present invention);

305) Find the script that has just been recorded and click, and the program automatically starts to detect (the realization of this step is to detect whether the test script is valid after finding the test script file, and then directly enter step 307 if it is valid);

306) If it is detected that the test script is invalid, the program will prompt the tester whether to re-record or cancel (the realization of this step is to directly enter step 302 if the tester selects re-recording), otherwise cancel);

307) The program enters the parsing stage, and after parsing, the tester is prompted to set the number of tests and the test delay or click "cancel" (if the realization of this step is by step 305) to jump, then directly parse the test script file and put each The parsed string is added to the List collection);

308) After setting, after clicking "OK", the program will perform automated testing according to the set information (the realization of this step is to obtain the List class after parsing in step 307), and take out each item with an event by looping the value method The string of information is converted into a string array through the spit(″,″) method of String and judged according to the value of the first element of the string. The rules are as follows:

If the value is "0", take the values of the second element and the third element to start the program under test;

If the value is "1", take the values of all the elements after it and combine with Instrumentation's send KeySync() method to send simulated keyboard events;

If the value is "2", take the values of all elements after it and send touch events in combination with Instrumentation's send PointerSync() method;

309) During the automated test, the program will display the test progress on the screen, and the test can also be stopped manually in the middle;

310) After the test is executed, the program will pop up a dialog box to ask the tester whether to continue;

311) If you click to continue, the automated test will restart, if you click to stop, the automated test will exit;

312) End.

Finally, the above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications made according to the scope of the claims of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. an Android device software automatic testing method, is characterized in that, comprises following automatic script recording step: 101) start the program under test, and create a transparent View layer covering the program under test; the View layer is a subclass of android.view.View; 102) Operate the screen or buttons according to the test requirements; During operation, the transparent View layer intercepts and records corresponding touch/key events, and then transmits operation instructions by sending corresponding and consistent simulated touch/key events to the program under test; the program under test executes the operation instructions. 2. according to the described Android device software automatic testing method of claim 1, it is characterized in that, in the step 102), send simulated touch/key event to program under test by analyzing the test script of recording in conjunction with automatic test frame. 3. according to the described Android device software automatic testing method of claim 2, it is characterized in that, when transparent View monitors to have UP action, first temporarily removes itself and transmits recording information in the callback function HandleEvent, and callback function HandleEvent then according to recording The information is combined with the automated testing framework Instrumention to send simulated touch/key events to update the interface of the program under test, and the intercepting record in step 102) includes recording the corresponding screen interface. 4. according to the described Android device software automatic testing method of claim 3, it is characterized in that, automatic script recording step comprises cross-process recording. 5. according to any one of claim 1-4 described Android device software automatic testing method, it is characterized in that, described recording step also comprises when transparent View listens to have end recording request to end recording and notify background service RecordService to extract recording information , to generate a recording script. the 6. according to the described Android device software automatic testing method of claim 5, it is characterized in that, this automatic testing method also comprises script playback step: according to recording script, send a series of simulated touch/key events corresponding to recording script to program under test . 7. according to the described Android device software automatic testing method of claim 6, it is characterized in that, described playback step also comprises script parsing and validity detection sub-step. 8. according to the described Android device software automatic testing method of claim 6, it is characterized in that, this automatic testing method also comprises result verifying step, and described result verifying step comprises intercepting tested program screen output and automatic/artificial image comparison. 9. Android device software automatic testing method according to claim 6, is characterized in that, this automatic testing method also comprises result verification step, and described result verification step comprises recording tested program data output and automatic value comparison. the