CN105740144B - A kind of automated testing method and system of Android mobile terminal - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an automated testing method for an Android mobile terminal. The method includes: automatically traversing and determining all Activity components of the Android mobile terminal when receiving a test start instruction input by a tester; , perform corresponding trigger operations on each Activity component, and obtain UI control information generated by each Activity component in response to its corresponding trigger operation; realize automated testing of Android mobile terminals according to the UI control information of all Activity components. It can be seen that only the tester needs to pre-set the trigger content, and when the test is required, the test start command can be issued directly to realize efficient and reliable automated testing of the Android mobile terminal. Make time to get other things done.

Description

An automated testing method and system for an Android mobile terminal

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of software testing, in particular to an automated testing method and system for an Android mobile terminal.

Background technique

Today, mobile terminal products have a fast delivery cycle and a short life cycle. In order to ensure fast delivery and stable performance of mobile terminals, it usually takes a lot of manpower and a long time to test mobile terminals. Specifically, for Android mobile As far as the terminal is concerned, people will use the Android emulator to perform performance testing. The Android emulator comes with a mobile emulator for the AndroidSDK, which is a virtual device that can run on a computer. The Android emulator allows people to preview, develop and test Android applications without using a physical device.

Existing testing methods are usually manually tested step by step by the tester, for example, the tester manually traverses the Activity path one by one, manually enters the trigger related content when needed, etc. In terms of mechanical repeatability, it is time-consuming and labor-intensive. low efficiency. At the same time, due to the complexity of the mobile terminal software system, manual testing is difficult to fully cover the Activity path, which makes the reliability and accuracy of the test results unguaranteed.

Also, in real life, although a general enterprise has a dedicated software testing team, the ratio of developers to testers is about 10:1, which is far from reaching the industry's 4:1, or the optimal configuration of development and testing at 1:2. . The long-term problem of insufficient manpower has caused serious overtime in this industry. Therefore, an efficient testing method is urgently needed.

Among them, Activity is one of the most basic and most commonly used four components in Android components (Activity, Service service, Content Provider content provider, BroadcastReceiver broadcast receiver). All operations in the Activity are closely related to the user, and it is an application component responsible for interacting with the user. In an android application, an Activity is usually a separate screen on which some controls can be displayed and can also listen to and process user events to respond.

Contents of the invention

In view of this, the present invention provides an automated testing method and system for an Android mobile terminal, so as to efficiently and reliably test the Android mobile terminal.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides an automated testing method for an Android mobile terminal, the method comprising:

When receiving the test start command input by the tester, automatically traverse and determine all Activity components of the Android mobile terminal;

Perform a corresponding trigger operation on each of the Activity components according to the preset trigger content, and obtain UI control information generated by each of the Activity components in response to its corresponding trigger operation;

The automated testing of the Android mobile terminal is realized according to the UI control information of all the Activity components.

In the above method, preferably, the corresponding trigger operation is performed on each of the Activity components according to the preset trigger content, and the UI control information generated by each of the Activity components in response to its corresponding trigger operation is obtained, including :

Obtain the jump paths between the Activity components;

According to the order of the jump path, the corresponding trigger operation is performed on each of the Activity components in turn, and the UI control information generated by each of the Activity components in response to its corresponding trigger operation is obtained.

In the above method, preferably, before using the corresponding trigger content to trigger each of the Activity components, it further includes:

Controls the default Android emulator to start each of the Activity components.

In the above method, preferably, before the automatic traversal and determination of all Activity components of the Android mobile terminal, it also includes:

The test start command is received from a preset shell interface.

In the above method, preferably, after performing the corresponding trigger operation on each of the Activity components according to the preset trigger content, it further includes:

In the process of each of the Activity components responding to their corresponding trigger operations, record the input parameter information when each of the Activity components call the preset sensitive behavior function, and output the recorded parameter information in the form of a log.

The present invention also provides a kind of automatic testing system of Android mobile terminal, and this system comprises:

The traversal unit is used to automatically traverse and determine all Activity components of the Android mobile terminal when receiving the test start instruction input by the tester;

A trigger unit, configured to perform a corresponding trigger operation on each of the Activity components according to a preset trigger content, and obtain UI control information generated by each of the Activity components in response to its corresponding trigger operation;

A testing unit, configured to realize automated testing of the Android mobile terminal according to the UI control information of all the Activity components.

In the above system, preferably, the trigger unit includes:

Obtaining subunits, used to obtain jump paths between the Activity components;

The triggering subunit is configured to perform corresponding triggering operations on each of the Activity components in sequence according to the order of the jump path, and obtain the UI control information generated by each of the Activity components in response to its corresponding triggering operation .

In the above system, preferably, it also includes:

The starting unit is configured to control the preset Android emulator to start each of the Activity components before the corresponding trigger content is used to trigger each of the Activity components.

In the above system, preferably, it also includes:

The receiving unit is configured to receive the test start instruction from a preset shell interface before the automatic traversal and determination of all Activity components of the Android mobile terminal.

In the above system, preferably, it also includes:

The recording unit is configured to, after performing the corresponding trigger operation on each of the Activity components according to the preset trigger content, and record each of the Activity components in the process of responding to the corresponding trigger operation. Record the parameter information input when the Activity component calls the preset sensitive behavior function, and output the recorded parameter information in the form of a log.

In the automated testing method and system of a kind of Android mobile terminal provided by the present invention above, when receiving the test start instruction that tester inputs, the system of the present invention can traverse automatically and determine all Activity components of described Android mobile terminal; According to test The trigger content preset by the personnel (the tester does not need to manually input the trigger related content), executes the corresponding trigger operation on each of the Activity components, and obtains the response of each of the Activity components to its corresponding trigger operation. UI control information; realize the automated test to the Android mobile terminal according to the UI control information of all the Activity components. It can be seen that only the tester needs to pre-set the trigger content, and when the test is required, the test start command can be issued directly to realize efficient and reliable automated testing of the Android mobile terminal. Make time to get other things done.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only It is an embodiment of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the provided drawings without creative work.

Fig. 1 is the flowchart of the automated testing method of a kind of Android mobile terminal that the embodiment of the present invention provides;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural block diagram of an automated testing system for an Android mobile terminal provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

The core of the present invention is to provide an automated testing method and system for an Android mobile terminal, so as to efficiently and reliably test the Android mobile terminal.

In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

With reference to Fig. 1, Fig. 1 has shown the flowchart of the automated testing method of a kind of Android mobile terminal that the embodiment of the present invention provides, and this method specifically can comprise the following steps:

Step S100, when receiving the test start instruction input by the tester, automatically traverse and determine all the Activity components of the Android mobile terminal.

The embodiment of the present invention mainly carries out automated testing for the Android software in the Android mobile terminal, and each Android software includes a plurality of Activity components (certainly, does not rule out one situation), like this, for all Android software in the Android mobile terminal, its It is a large collection of many Activity components. Therefore, the present invention mainly monitors the dynamic behavior of the Android software from the Activity component in real time.

Currently, Monkeyrunner is a commonly used testing tool for the Android system, which helps developers deploy large-scale automated tests through scripts. Specifically, the present invention can effectively utilize the API provided by the Monkeyrunner tool to write a python program, and this python program can control the Android emulator to start the Activity component after automatically traversing and determining all Activity components, and then implement subsequent trigger operations and the like.

Further, the python program can be invoked and executed by executing a shell script under linux, wherein, the shell is an interface for human-computer interaction, a "shell" wrapped outside the Linux kernel, and translates instructions (shell commands) entered by Linux users and handed over to the kernel for execution. A bit similar to DOS. In the present invention, when a test is needed, the tester opens a preset shell script that can call and execute the python program, and the test start command is passed to the test system through the shell interface provided by the shell script. When the test system starts from the preset shell When the interface receives the test start command, it will automatically traverse and determine all the Activity components of the Android mobile terminal.

Step S101 , according to the preset trigger content, perform a corresponding trigger operation on each Activity component, and obtain UI control information generated by each Activity component in response to its corresponding trigger operation.

In the present invention, the above-mentioned triggering content is preset by the tester according to actual needs, so that during the whole testing process, the tester does not need to manually input the relevant triggering content. In practical applications, each Activity component corresponds to a trigger content, and each trigger content may contain one or more trigger actions according to requirements, and the one or more trigger actions constitute a trigger operation. For example, Activity component A is to display a gallery, and the gallery includes picture folders. The trigger content corresponding to Activity component A is to click a certain picture folder (such as folder F) to view the pictures in it, and the trigger action contained in it is to click " Folder F" control; Activity component B is to display all pictures in folder F, and the trigger content corresponding to Activity component B is to select a certain picture (such as picture P) and delete the picture P, then the trigger operation contained in it is selected "Picture P" control and click on the "Delete" control. and so on.

In practical applications, there are mutual jump paths between the various Activity components (refer to the existing technology), and the Activity jump path can be obtained in the static analysis, and the Activity can be obtained by analyzing the AndroidManifest.xml file and the samli code file decompiled from the apk Jump path, these files declare the four major components of Android. Among them, the broadcast component name is used to set the trigger environment in the dynamic trigger part, the Service component name is used to start the background service in the dynamic trigger part, and the Activity jump path gives the startup sequence of the Activity.

By analyzing the APK decompiled file, the component name and the conversion path of the Activity component are extracted from the AndroidManifest.xml file. The obtained component name can be used to write python programs using the API provided by the Monkeyrunner tool.

For step S101, specifically, first obtain the jump path between the various Activity components, and then perform corresponding trigger operations on each Activity component in turn according to the order of the jump paths to obtain each Activity component in response to its corresponding trigger operation. UI (User Interface) control information. Wherein, for the generation process of UI control information, reference may be made to the prior art.

It is understandable that in order to trigger the Activity component, the premise is that the Activity component must be in the startup state. Therefore, when the current Activity component responds, the Android emulator starts the next jump according to the above jump path. Activity components. In the present invention, the dynamic behavior monitoring of Android is carried out by recording the function calling relationship of the Android software to the system application framework level. When HOOKing the relevant parameters of the function input that the Android software needs to call to read the address book, SMS and other user privacy information, the behavior information is output in the form of a log file. In the specific implementation process, during the process of each Activity component responding to its corresponding trigger operation, record the parameter information input when each Activity component calls the preset sensitive behavior function, and output the recorded parameter information in the form of a log .

Step S102 , realizing automated testing of the Android mobile terminal according to the UI control information of all Activity components.

On each Activity component, the test system will call the UI acquisition component to obtain the UI control information of the current Activity component. Each Activity component is a layout collection of UI elements. Android provides ViewServer service to obtain Activity information. In the specific implementation process, the UI layer information (that is, the UI control information) of the current Activity can be obtained by sending the "DUMP-1" command to the ViewServer. Each UI control uses a line of strings to describe its properties, and the space at the beginning of each line indicates the level information of the control in the current interface. The system calls the parsing script written in python to obtain the required UI control information, including control type, text on the control, control hash value, control id value, etc., and these information can be used to uniquely lock the control for automation UI interaction.

Above the present invention adopts the mode that static code analysis combines with dynamic triggering, set up triggering environment (formed by all triggering content) according to the static analysis result of Android software, preset Andriod emulator, carry out according to Activity component jump order for Activity component Trigger, and obtain the UI control information of the current Activity to perform UI automation interaction processing, so as to realize the UI automation test of the mobile terminal.

It can be seen that only the tester needs to pre-set the trigger content, and when the test is required, the test start command can be issued directly to realize efficient and reliable automated testing of the Android mobile terminal. Make time to get other things done.

Based on the automated testing method for the Android mobile terminal provided by the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention, the embodiment of the present invention also provides an automated testing system for an Android mobile terminal. Referring to FIG. 2, the system 200 may include the following:

The traversal unit 201 is used to automatically traverse and determine all Activity components of the Android mobile terminal when receiving the test start instruction input by the tester;

The trigger unit 202 is configured to perform a corresponding trigger operation on each Activity component according to preset trigger content, and obtain UI control information generated by each Activity component in response to its corresponding trigger operation;

The testing unit 203 is configured to realize the automated testing of the Android mobile terminal according to the UI control information of all Activity components.

In the present invention, the above-mentioned triggering unit 202 may specifically include the following content:

Obtain subunits, which are used to obtain the jump paths between the Activity components;

The triggering subunit is configured to perform corresponding triggering operations on each Activity component in sequence according to the order of the jump path, and obtain UI control information generated by each Activity component in response to its corresponding triggering operation.

In the present invention, the above-mentioned system 200 may further include a starting unit, configured to control a preset Android emulator to start each Activity component before using corresponding trigger content to trigger each Activity component.

In addition, the above-mentioned system 200 may further include a receiving unit, configured to receive a test start instruction from a preset shell interface before automatically traversing and determining all Activity components of the Android mobile terminal.

In the present invention, the above-mentioned system 200 may further include a recording unit, which is used to, after performing the corresponding trigger operation on each Activity component according to the preset trigger content, during the process of each Activity component responding to its corresponding trigger operation, Record the parameter information input when each Activity component calls the preset sensitive behavior function, and output the recorded parameter information in the form of a log.

It should be noted that each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. For the same and similar parts in each embodiment, refer to each other, that is, Can. As for the system embodiment, because it is basically similar to the method embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and for the related parts, please refer to the part of the description of the method embodiment.

The above describes in detail the automatic testing method and system for an Android mobile terminal provided by the present invention. In this paper, specific examples are used to illustrate the principle and implementation of the present invention, and the descriptions of the above embodiments are only used to help understand the method and core idea of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principles of the present invention, some improvements and modifications can be made to the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. an automated testing method for an Android mobile terminal, characterized in that the method comprises: When receiving the test start command input by the tester, automatically traverse and determine all Activity components of the Android mobile terminal; Perform a corresponding trigger operation on each of the Activity components according to the preset trigger content, and obtain UI control information generated by each of the Activity components in response to its corresponding trigger operation; Realize the automated testing of the Android mobile terminal according to the UI control information of all the Activity components; Wherein, during the process of each of the Activity components responding to its corresponding trigger operation, record the parameter information input when each of the Activity components call the preset sensitive behavior function, and output the recorded parameter information in the form of a log . 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein, according to the preset trigger content, a corresponding trigger operation is performed on each of the Activity components, so that each of the Activity components responds to its corresponding trigger operation The generated UI control information includes: Obtain the jump paths between the Activity components; According to the order of the jump path, the corresponding trigger operation is performed on each of the Activity components in turn, and the UI control information generated by each of the Activity components in response to its corresponding trigger operation is obtained. 3. The method according to claim 2, further comprising: before using the corresponding trigger content to trigger each of the Activity components: Controls the default Android emulator to start each of the Activity components. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein, before the automatic traversal and determination of all Activity components of the Android mobile terminal, further comprising: The test start command is received from a preset shell interface. 5. an automated testing system for an Android mobile terminal, characterized in that the system comprises: The traversal unit is used to automatically traverse and determine all Activity components of the Android mobile terminal when receiving the test start instruction input by the tester; A trigger unit, configured to perform a corresponding trigger operation on each of the Activity components according to a preset trigger content, and obtain UI control information generated by each of the Activity components in response to its corresponding trigger operation; A test unit, configured to implement automated testing of the Android mobile terminal according to the UI control information of all the Activity components; The recording unit is configured to, after performing the corresponding trigger operation on each of the Activity components according to the preset trigger content, and record each of the Activity components in the process of responding to the corresponding trigger operation. Record the parameter information input when the Activity component calls the preset sensitive behavior function, and output the recorded parameter information in the form of a log. 6. The system according to claim 5, wherein the trigger unit comprises: Obtaining subunits, used to obtain jump paths between the Activity components; The triggering subunit is configured to perform corresponding triggering operations on each of the Activity components in sequence according to the order of the jump path, and obtain the UI control information generated by each of the Activity components in response to its corresponding triggering operation . 7. The system of claim 6, further comprising: The starting unit is used to control the preset Android emulator to start each of the Activity components before using the corresponding trigger content to trigger each of the Activity components. 8. The system of claim 5, further comprising: The receiving unit is configured to receive the test start instruction from a preset shell interface before the automatic traversal and determination of all Activity components of the Android mobile terminal.