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CN1028270C - 具有防短路装置的电动机 - Google Patents

具有防短路装置的电动机 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1028270C
CN1028270C CN91103402A CN91103402A CN1028270C CN 1028270 C CN1028270 C CN 1028270C CN 91103402 A CN91103402 A CN 91103402A CN 91103402 A CN91103402 A CN 91103402A CN 1028270 C CN1028270 C CN 1028270C
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
brush
block piece
reed
end cap
collector ring
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Expired - Lifetime
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CN91103402A
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English (en)
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CN1056606A (zh
Inventor
黄智依
莫锦成
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Johnson Electric Co ltd
Johnson Electric SA
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Johnson Electric Co ltd
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Application filed by Johnson Electric Co ltd filed Critical Johnson Electric Co ltd
Publication of CN1056606A publication Critical patent/CN1056606A/zh
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Publication of CN1028270C publication Critical patent/CN1028270C/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01RELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R39/00Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
    • H01R39/02Details for dynamo electric machines
    • H01R39/58Means structurally associated with the current collector for indicating condition thereof, e.g. for indicating brush wear
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/14Means for supporting or protecting brushes or brush holders
    • H02K5/143Means for supporting or protecting brushes or brush holders for cooperation with commutators
    • H02K5/145Fixedly supported brushes or brush holders, e.g. leaf or leaf-mounted brushes

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Current Collectors (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Frames (AREA)

Abstract

电动机的电刷机构包括阻挡件19,当电刷18A磨损时阻挡件可防止电刷簧片18过于靠近集电环。阻挡件19被支承在端盖16的槽20中,并靠外端子21的唇状端固定在适当的位置上。

Description

本发明涉及了用于电动机的电刷机构,特别是当电刷已经磨损,为防止电动机的电刷簧片与集电环间短路的一种装置。
小型电动机,特别是小功率永磁直流电动机(PMDC)中的电刷机构,一般包括碳刷,该碳刷装在弹性导电臂(也即电刷簧片)的一端。这种电刷簧片配置得可使电刷偏压在电动机旋转轴的集电环上。这种电刷机构通常安装在一端盖上,此端盖带有用于承载电动机旋转轴的轴承,并且成为电动机组件的一个结构部分。
随着电刷磨薄,该支承电刷簧片移近集电环。这样就会产生电刷簧片绊住集电环的危险。尤其是它可能卡在集电环的环片之间,且被旋转的集电环所拖刮。这将导致此电刷或电刷簧片直接或经同一集电环环片与另一电刷或电刷簧片电接触。这种电刷簧片间的短路是非常危险的,在某些小功率永磁直流电动机(PMDC)的应用中将导致着火的危险。
在英国专利GB-2201299A的说明书中,提到一种装置,其中使用了一种阻挡件来防止电刷簧片过份靠近集电环。这种阻挡件是与塑料电刷支承组件整体成型的。实际上,电动机使用时所产生的热会导致此阻挡件的塑料材质的不稳定性。在某些情况下为克服这个问题,则使用金属阻挡件来替换塑料阻挡件,但这需要有某种形式的将电动机部件固定在适当位置上的紧固件,且在制造或组装此电动机部件时需要一道单独的工序。
因此,本发明的目的在于提供一种具有便于装配的防短路装置的 电动机及其制造的方法。
根据本发明的一种构思,可提供一种电动机,它具有一集电环和一对电刷簧片,每一电刷簧片上装有一电刷,且使此电刷偏压在集电环上,以使其与集电环保持电接触;其特点为对应于每一电刷簧片有一细长的阻挡件,以防止电刷簧片过于靠近集电环;还有一个带有些槽的端盖,上述阻挡件安装于其槽内;以及穿过该端盖与相应的电刷簧片保持电接触的外端子,这些电刷簧片迫使该阻挡件顶压该端盖,并使其保持在这些槽内。
上述阻挡件可呈L形,而端盖上制有相应的槽,所述阻挡件的弯头可被滑动地安装在其内。
阻挡件可由金属材料制成。
根据本发明的另一构思,可提供制造这种电动机的方法,它具有一集电环和一对电刷簧片,每一电刷簧片上装有一电刷与对应于每一电刷簧片的阻挡件,以防止电刷簧片过于靠近集电环;还有一个带有一些槽的端盖,所以阻挡件可滑动地安装于其槽内;以及外端子,它与相应的电刷簧片保持电接触,该方法包括下述步骤,将所述阻挡件滑入端盖上的槽内,并将外端子穿过端盖,使阻挡件顶压并保持在槽内适当的位置上。
根据本发明的一种小功率直流电动机,现参见附图通过例子加以说明。其中:
图1是将端盖移开的电动机的局部破碎轴测图;
图2是端盖的侧剖视图;
图3是该端盖的内端视图;
参见附图,在图1中该电动机有一旋转轴10,其上装有绕制的 电枢11和集电环12。外壳13中安装了两个激磁磁铁14和用以支承轴10的端轴承15。
在图2和图3中,一模制塑料端盖16提供了塑料电刷支架,用以支承两个电刷臂。每一个电刷臂包括了一个承托在电刷支架的槽中的端子件17,并与弹性电刷支承件或电刷簧片18连接。电刷18A由电刷簧片18的自由端支承,使用时它被顶着与集电环12接触。L形刚性金属阻挡件19适配于槽20中,此槽成型于包围每一阻挡件19弯头的电刷支架中。每一阻挡件19的端部延伸到相应电刷簧片18的径向内侧,在该位置上它们压着簧片,以防止使用中此簧片移至太靠近集电环12的外表面。这样当任一电刷18A受到磨损从而不再保持电刷簧片离开集电环表面时,就可防止电刷簧片直接靠上集电环。
与相应端子件17电接触,对应各电刷的外端子21穿过模塑电刷支架并以压配合方式固定于模塑电刷支架内适当位置,外端子21具有靠着阻挡件19弯头部的唇状物22,并使它们牢固地保护在电刷支架的槽20中。在端盖上安装一端轴承23,用以支承轴10的一端。
应当注意,阻挡件19按正确选定方向由电刷支架的槽20所支承,上述槽夹紧每一阻挡件的弯头部,并且该阻挡件借助于唇状物22保持顶压在端盖上。用这种方法,就可将阻挡件19固定在适当的位置上,而无需在电刷支架中设置如塑料撑条或突出物。在电动机使用期间如果端盖承受正常受热,那么撑条及其类似物具有至少提供某种不可靠固定方式的缺点。
这些唇状物22可以采用其它形式,例如可以是外端子的“外凸状”或槽厚的端部。但一般而言,如图所示,此唇状物22为外端子21的弯折端部。
为装配所述电动机,将其弯头部轻轻放到电刷支架的槽20中,装配L型阻挡件19。外端子21与端子17刚性连接,并与已电刷18A连接的电刷簧片18装配在一起,然后将此外端子21压进电刷支架的槽中,并穿过电刷支架直至唇状物22压住阻挡件19且使其紧靠在电刷支架的内侧。为把阻挡件19放置并固定到适当的位置无需机加工和附加工序。
通过冲压和按要求弯曲,用合适的导电板材可整体制成型上述外端子21和端子件17。

Claims (5)

1、一种具有包含集电环和一对电刷簧片的防短路装置的电动机,每一电刷簧片装有一电刷并使该电刷偏压在该集电环上,以使其与该集电环保持电接触,其特征在于对应于每一电刷簧片有一细长的阻挡件,以防止该电刷簧片过于靠近该集电环;还有一个带有一些槽的端盖,上述阻挡件安装于其槽内;以及穿过端盖与相应的电刷簧片保持电接触的外端子,电刷簧片迫使该阻挡件顶压该端盖,并将阻挡件保持在这些槽内。
2、根据权利要求1的电动机,其特征在于所述阻挡件呈L形,而端盖上制有相应的槽,所述阻挡件的弯头可被滑动地安装于其内。
3、根据权利要求1或2的电动机,其中阻挡件是由金属材料构成的。
4、一种制造电动机的方法,这种电动机具有一集电环和一对电刷簧片,每一电刷簧片上装有一电刷与对应于每一电刷簧片的阻挡件,以防止电刷簧片过于靠近集电环;还有一个带有一些槽的端盖,所述阻挡件可滑动地安装于其槽内;以及外端子,它与相应的电刷簧片保持电接触,其特征在于所述方法包括如下步骤:将所述阻挡件滑入端盖上的槽内,并将外端子穿过端盖,使阻挡件顶压并保持在槽内适当的位置上。
5、按权利要求4的方法,其特征在于在将外端子穿过端盖之前,将相应电刷簧片刚性安装在外端子上。
CN91103402A 1990-05-14 1991-05-14 具有防短路装置的电动机 Expired - Lifetime CN1028270C (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9010726A GB2244178B (en) 1990-05-14 1990-05-14 Brush protection in an electric motor
GB9010726.9 1990-05-14

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN1056606A CN1056606A (zh) 1991-11-27
CN1028270C true CN1028270C (zh) 1995-04-19

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CN91103402A Expired - Lifetime CN1028270C (zh) 1990-05-14 1991-05-14 具有防短路装置的电动机

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US (1) US5138212A (zh)
JP (1) JPH05122905A (zh)
CN (1) CN1028270C (zh)
DE (1) DE4114738B4 (zh)
GB (1) GB2244178B (zh)
HK (1) HK37295A (zh)

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US5386164A (en) * 1993-01-19 1995-01-31 General Electric Company Motor assembly with removable lead guard
DE4412319A1 (de) * 1994-04-11 1995-10-12 Teves Gmbh Alfred Stromzuführungsanordnung für einen Elektromotor mit vier Bürsten
US6963859B2 (en) * 1994-11-23 2005-11-08 Contentguard Holdings, Inc. Content rendering repository
IN187060B (zh) * 1995-04-24 2002-01-12 Mitsuba Corp
US7551288B1 (en) 1997-10-28 2009-06-23 Rockwell Automation Technologies, Inc. System for monitoring bearing wear
US6111643A (en) * 1997-10-28 2000-08-29 Reliance Electric Industrial Company Apparatus, system and method for determining wear of an article
JP3699644B2 (ja) * 2000-02-10 2005-09-28 アスモ株式会社 給電端子内蔵モータ
US8141231B2 (en) * 2003-09-15 2012-03-27 Shop Vac Electric motor
US7199499B2 (en) * 2005-06-09 2007-04-03 General Atomics Homopolar machine with brush improvement
US7466056B2 (en) 2006-10-06 2008-12-16 Remi International, Inc Dynamoelectric machine brush holder assembly and method
US7705512B2 (en) 2006-10-06 2010-04-27 Remy International, Inc. Dynamoelectric machine conductor
US7696666B2 (en) 2006-10-06 2010-04-13 Remy Technologies, L.L.C. Dynamoelectric machine grommet
WO2008096581A1 (ja) * 2007-02-06 2008-08-14 Mabuchi Motor Co., Ltd. モータ用ブラシ装置
DE102010040525A1 (de) * 2010-09-09 2012-03-15 Robert Bosch Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Verschleißüberwachung einer Bürste eines Kommutatorsystems in einer elektrischen Maschine

Family Cites Families (9)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5510112B2 (zh) * 1974-10-11 1980-03-13
US4338538A (en) * 1980-04-18 1982-07-06 Eltra Corporation Removable brush holder for dynamoelectric machine
GB8606494D0 (en) * 1986-03-17 1986-04-23 Johnson Electric Ind Mfg Electric motor
GB2189943A (en) * 1986-05-02 1987-11-04 Johnson Electric Ind Mfg Assembling brush gear in an electric motor
US4698540A (en) * 1986-09-29 1987-10-06 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Brush assembly for a homopolar generator
GB2201299B (en) * 1987-02-16 1991-05-22 Johnson Electric Ind Mfg Brush protection in an electric motor
JPS63146453U (zh) * 1987-03-16 1988-09-27
JPH0615501Y2 (ja) * 1988-07-15 1994-04-20 アスモ株式会社 小型モータ
GB2226709B (en) * 1988-12-30 1993-05-26 Johnson Electric Ind Mfg Terminal arrangement for an electric motor

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Publication number Publication date
JPH05122905A (ja) 1993-05-18
CN1056606A (zh) 1991-11-27
US5138212A (en) 1992-08-11
GB2244178B (en) 1994-06-29
DE4114738B4 (de) 2006-01-26
DE4114738A1 (de) 1991-11-21
GB2244178A (en) 1991-11-20
GB9010726D0 (en) 1990-07-04
HK37295A (en) 1995-03-24

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C15 Extension of patent right duration from 15 to 20 years for appl. with date before 31.12.1992 and still valid on 11.12.2001 (patent law change 1993)
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Expiration termination date: 20110514

Granted publication date: 19950419