CN102783422A - Livestock house utilizing plants to purify air - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a livestock and poultry house that uses plants to purify the air, comprising a pen surrounded by two longitudinal side walls and two transverse side walls, plants are placed on the two longitudinal side walls of the pen, the pen The house has a ceiling made of plants. The invention utilizes the physiological characteristics of plants to effectively regulate the temperature and humidity in the livestock and poultry house, purifies the air in the livestock and poultry house, reduces the _NH3 concentration in the livestock and poultry house by more than 50-70%, and reduces the concentration of volatile organic compounds by 40-60%, Conducive to the health of livestock and poultry.

Description

A livestock and poultry house that uses plants to purify the air

technical field

The invention relates to an environment-friendly livestock and poultry house, in particular to a livestock and poultry house which uses plants to purify the air.

Background technique

Environmental factors for livestock and poultry production can be divided into the following three categories: one is physical factors, mainly referring to air temperature, humidity, airflow, light, etc.; the other is chemical factors, mainly referring to chemical substances in the living air of livestock and poultry, such as NH _3. Harmful gases such as H ₂ S and CO ₂ ; there is another category of biological factors, mainly referring to microorganisms and other related factors in the living space of livestock and poultry. A suitable environment is a necessary condition for the normal growth and development of livestock and poultry, and determines whether the excellent genetic characteristics of excellent breeds of livestock and poultry can actually be fully expressed. Creating a good microclimate in livestock and poultry houses and ensuring a suitable environment for the growth and breeding of livestock and poultry are important means and guarantee conditions to promote the growth of livestock and poultry and improve the output and quality of livestock products in the intensive and modern production of animal husbandry.

The physical factors in the current livestock and poultry house environment are mainly realized by fans, but this control method only continuously replaces the dirty air in the house by increasing the airflow speed, and cannot effectively reduce the air temperature in the livestock and poultry house. In summer, a small number of closed livestock and poultry houses use the wet curtain cooling system to reduce the air temperature in the house, but at the same time, the air humidity in the house is greatly increased. Excessive humidity is not good for the growth of livestock and poultry. And no matter which kind of ventilation system can not update the dirty air in the house in time under the low temperature situation in winter, resulting in poor environment in the winter livestock and poultry house.

There are few purification methods for chemical factors and biological factors in the livestock and poultry house environment. The patent application whose application number is 200910215744.4 discloses a Yucca extract and its preparation method for reducing the ammonia nitrogen concentration in livestock and poultry houses. The production of the Yucca extract generally involves soaking and softening the Yucca plant and squeezing the juice. Then it is purified by distillation, added to the carrier and sprayed dry. Although it can reduce the concentration of harmful gases such as ammonia and hydrogen sulfide in livestock and poultry houses, promote the integrity of animal mucosal immune system, reduce animal morbidity, and promote animal growth, the preparation process of yucca extract is complicated. The impact of air pollution in livestock and poultry houses on the health of livestock and poultry and the air quality of the surrounding environment has attracted more and more attention.

Plants can absorb and absorb pollutants through the stomata and epidermis on the leaf surface, metabolize in plants or secrete enzymes that catalyze oxidation and reduction into the body, and reduce air pollution problems through plant joint root microbial degradation pathways. On the other hand, the photoelectric effect formed by the photosynthesis of green plants ionizes the air to generate negative ions, which can reduce the active oxygen produced by pollutants and nitrogen oxides from the atmosphere, reduce the harm of excessive active oxygen to the human body, and neutralize the negative ions. The electric air dust settles without charge, so that the air is purified. At the same time, plants release a large amount of volatile substances with antibacterial effect during their growth process, which can remove bacteria and viruses in the air, and greatly reduce harmful microorganisms in the air. Research and practice have proved that plants can reduce air pollution and improve the air quality of the living environment. However, the harshness of the environment in livestock and poultry houses is worse than that of human settlements, and there is no report on the application of plants to purify the ambient air quality in livestock and poultry houses. According to the current structural characteristics of livestock and poultry houses in China, there are windows (pig houses and chicken houses) or open windows (for some dairy houses) on the north and south walls that take into account the needs of ventilation and light. At the same time, CO ₂ will be emitted during livestock and poultry production, so Meet the needs of plant growth for light, temperature, humidity and CO ₂ .

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the problem of harsh environment in the livestock and poultry house and aim at the deficiencies in the background technology, the present invention provides a livestock and poultry house that uses plants to purify the air.

A livestock and poultry house that uses plants to purify the air, comprising a barn surrounded by two longitudinal side walls and two transverse side walls, plants are placed on the two longitudinal side walls, and the barn is arranged with plants made ceiling.

As a preference, the two longitudinal side walls are respectively a shady side wall and a sun-facing side wall. Taking the northern hemisphere as an example, the sun-facing side wall usually guides the side wall. Due to terrain or other factors, it should be properly allowed to deviate from a certain angle. The above-mentioned shady side wall usually refers to the north side wall.

The plants placed on the shady side wall are shade-loving plants, and the plants placed on the sunny side wall are sun-loving plants. This is because the sunny side of the livestock and poultry house has sufficient sunlight, which is beneficial to the sun-loving plants through photosynthesis. To provide nutrients for their own growth, the shaded side of the livestock and poultry house is suitable for the survival of shade-loving plants that cannot tolerate direct sunlight.

For the convenience of supporting and placing plants, the longitudinal side walls are provided with windows, and the plants at the longitudinal side walls are placed on the window sills of the windows. Partial plants are placed on the support.

The bracket is fixedly installed on the window sill or the wall of the longitudinal side wall, or independently provided with supporting feet, or hung on the roof of the pen by a hanger.

As an embodiment, both the sun-facing side wall and the shady side wall are open, and both the sun-facing side wall and the shady side wall are provided with brackets for placing plants. Sun-loving plants are placed, and shade-loving plants are placed on the brackets facing the shady side wall.

At this time, because the sunny side wall and the shady side wall are all open, and there is no window sill, the support is independently provided with supporting feet or hung on the roof of the pen by a hanger.

As a plant preferably placed on the window sill or support, the entire window sill or support is covered along the length direction.

The placement should be understood as including all means of placing, planting, and hanging plants that can be fixed. In order to facilitate the placement of plants, potted plants are generally used in livestock and poultry houses.

The sun-loving plants include at least one of Ivy, Sansevieria, Chlorophytum, and Chrysanthemum villosa.

The shade-loving plants include at least one of crane lily, citrus taro, air pineapple, jasmine, and commelina.

The definition of sun-loving plants and shade-loving plants does not need to be particularly precise, and foliage plants that are easy to maintain, strong in adaptability, sun-loving and shade-tolerant but stronger in shade-tolerant are preferred, and a small amount of flower-viewing plants can be matched. The foliage plants that are easy to maintain, have strong adaptability and strong negative tolerance include Spathiphyllum kochii, Syngonium podophyllum, Chlorophytum, Sansevieria trifasciata, and Air Pineapple ( Tillandsia), ivy (Hedera nepalensis K, Koch var.sin ensis (Tobl.) Rehd), golden kudzu green radish (Epipremunm aureum), commelina communis Linn.), rubber tree (Heveabrasiliensis (Willd.ex A.Juss .) Muell.Arg.), Jasminum sambac (Linn.) Aiton at least one.

The types of the placed plants should be updated according to the environmental change characteristics of the livestock and poultry house, so as to realize the perennial and stable purification effect of the plants on the environment of the livestock and poultry house.

The livestock and poultry house can be ventilated in two ways: mechanical ventilation and natural ventilation.

When the livestock and poultry house adopts mechanical ventilation, the two lateral side walls are respectively provided with air outlets with fans, and the air outlets are the air inlet on one lateral side wall and the air exhaust outlet on the other lateral side wall, and The heights of the air inlet and the air outlet correspond to each other.

Preferably, the air outlet is an air inlet located on one lateral side wall and an air outlet located on the other lateral side wall, and the heights of the air inlet and the air outlet correspond to each other, which facilitates air flow between the livestock and poultry house and the outside world. exchange.

The ceiling is formed by at least one arrangement of air pineapple and spider plant hanging under the roof of the barn.

The ceiling made of plants can effectively absorb excess moisture in the air in the livestock and poultry houses while purifying the air quality in the livestock and poultry houses, and reduce the humidity in the livestock and poultry houses. To the livestock and poultry growth area, and when the relative humidity of the air reaches more than 80%, the air pineapple can be exempted from watering.

Shrubs or trees are planted outside the livestock and poultry house adjacent to the air outlet to purify and discharge air pollutants outside the livestock and poultry house, so as to avoid environmental pollution around the livestock and poultry house.

The shrubs or trees include at least one of Hibiscus syriacus, Chinese yew, Sophorajaponica Linn., and Salix babylonica.

As a preference, when there are non-open longitudinal side walls, in dry summer, in order to increase the humidity in the barn, a wet curtain system can be installed at the air inlet end, and the humidity in the barn will increase through the action of the air inlet fan and the exhaust fan. And evenly, at this time, place the wet-loving plants on the wet curtain side, and place the dry-loving plants on the exhaust side.

The livestock and poultry house of the present invention utilizes the physiological characteristics of plants to effectively control the temperature and humidity in the livestock and poultry house, purifies the air in the livestock and poultry house, reduces the concentration of NE ₃ in the house by more than 50-70%, and reduces the concentration of H ₂ S by 30% -50%, beneficial to the health of livestock and poultry.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1-a is the internal structure schematic diagram (overlooking angle) of the livestock and poultry house that the present invention utilizes plant to purify air when mechanical ventilation;

Fig. 1-b is a schematic diagram (overlooking angle) of the internal structure of the livestock and poultry house that the present invention utilizes plants to purify the air during natural ventilation;

Figure 2 is a sectional view of the ceiling;

Fig. 3-a and Fig. 3-b are the schematic diagrams of the arrangement of plants in the livestock and poultry house when the longitudinal side walls have windows;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of plants in the livestock and poultry house when the longitudinal side walls are open.

Detailed ways

Example 1

Referring to Figures 1-a, 2, 3-a and 3-b, a livestock and poultry house utilizing plants to purify the air includes a pen surrounded by two longitudinal side walls and two transverse side walls, characterized in that the Plants are placed on the two longitudinal side walls, and the enclosure is provided with a ceiling formed by the plants.

The sun-facing side wall and the shady side wall of the two longitudinal side walls are respectively provided with windows, and the window sills of the windows of the sun-facing side wall and the shady side wall are provided with brackets 2, and plants are placed on the brackets 2, and the windows of the shady side walls There are golden geese and green radishes 5 on the brackets, and white crane lilies 4 are placed on the brackets on the sunny side wall. The position of the support 2 is at least higher than where the livestock and poultry can eat.

The roof of the barn is suspended with a ceiling formed of air pineapples 7 arranged in rows, and the air pineapples are hung in rows on the ropes 8 below the barn roof 3 , and yews are planted outside the air outlet 6 .

The livestock and poultry house is mechanically ventilated, the windows of the two longitudinal side walls are closed, and the fans at the air outlet 6 and the air inlet 1 are opened.

Before placing plants, the concentration of NH ₃ in the poultry house was 20ppm, and the concentration of H ₂ S was 1500ppb. After placing the plants, the concentration of NH ₃ in the poultry house was reduced by 70%, and the concentration of H ₂ S in the poultry house was reduced by 50%, which is beneficial to the health of livestock and poultry.

Example 2

Referring to Figures 1-b, 2 and 4, a livestock and poultry house that uses plants to purify the air includes a pen surrounded by two longitudinal side walls and two transverse side walls, and is characterized in that the two longitudinal side walls are placed Plants are placed, and the pen is provided with a ceiling formed by arrangement of plants.

The sun-facing side wall and the shady side wall of the two longitudinal side walls are both open, and the sun-facing side wall and the shady side wall are equipped with the above-mentioned brackets, and plants are hung on the brackets, and the brackets on the shady side wall are hung with There are 5 golden geese and green radishes, and 4 white crane lilies are placed on the brackets on the sunny side wall. The position of the bracket 9 is 1.4 meters above the ground.

The pen house roof 3 is provided with a ceiling formed by air pineapples, and the air pines are hung in rows on the ropes below the pen house roof.

The longitudinal side walls of the livestock and poultry houses are open for natural ventilation.

Before placing plants, the concentration of NH ₃ in the poultry house is 10ppm, and the concentration of H ₂ S is 500ppb. After placing the plants, the concentration of NH ₃ in the poultry house is reduced by 50%, and the concentration of H ₂ S in the poultry house is reduced by 35%, which is beneficial to the health of livestock and poultry.

Example 3

Adopt the same livestock and poultry house structure as in Example 1, the difference is that the plants selected for use and the ventilation mode are different, as follows:

Jasmine is placed on the bracket facing the shady side wall, and Sansevieria is placed on the bracket on the sunny side wall.

The roof of the barn has a ceiling made of spider plants, which are hung in rows on ropes under the roof of the barn.

The livestock and poultry house is naturally ventilated, the windows of the two longitudinal side walls are opened, and the fans at the air outlet 6 and the air inlet 1 are closed.

Before placing plants, the concentration of NH ₃ in the livestock and poultry house was 15ppm, and the concentration of H ₂ S was 1000ppb. After placing the plants, the concentration of NH ₃ in the livestock and poultry house was reduced by 60%, and the concentration of H ₂ S was reduced by 40%, which is beneficial to the health of livestock and poultry.

Example 4

Adopt the livestock and poultry house structure identical with embodiment 2 and identical ventilating mode, difference is that the plant of selecting is different, specifically as follows:

Jasmine is hung on the brackets facing the shady side wall, and Sansevieria is placed on the brackets on the sunny side wall.

The roof of the barn has a ceiling made of spider plants, which are hung in rows on ropes under the roof of the barn.

Before placing plants, the concentration of NH ₃ in the livestock and poultry house was 20ppm, and the concentration of H ₂ S was 1200ppb. After placing the plants, the concentration of NH ₃ in the livestock and poultry house was reduced by 65%, and the concentration of H ₂ S was reduced by 45%, which is beneficial to the health of livestock and poultry.

Example 5

Adopt the livestock and poultry house structure identical with embodiment 1 and identical ventilating mode, difference is that the plant of selecting is different, specifically as follows:

The brackets on the shady side wall are placed with colocasia, and the brackets on the sunny side wall are placed with ivy.

There is a ceiling made of air pineapples under the roof of the pen. The air pineapples are hung in rows on the ropes under the roof of the pen, and Chinese pagoda trees are planted outside the air outlet.

Before placing plants, the concentration of NH ₃ in the livestock and poultry house was 10ppm, and the concentration of H ₂ S was 800ppb. After placing the plants, the concentration of NH ₃ in the livestock and poultry house was reduced by 70%, and the concentration of H ₂ S was reduced by 30%, which is beneficial to the health of livestock and poultry.

Example 6

Adopt the same livestock and poultry house structure as in Example 1, the difference is that the plants selected for use and the ventilation mode are different, as follows:

The brackets on the shady side wall are hung with colocasia, and the brackets on the sunny side wall are placed with ivy.

The roof of the pen has a ceiling made of air pineapples suspended in rows on ropes below the roof of the pen.

The livestock and poultry house is naturally ventilated, the windows of the two longitudinal side walls are opened, and the fans at the air outlet 6 and the air inlet 1 are closed.

Before placing the plants, the NH ₃ concentration in the poultry house was 5ppm, and the H ₂ S concentration was 1100ppb. After placing the plants, it was tested that the NH ₃ concentration in the poultry house decreased by 50%, and the H ₂ S concentration decreased by 50%, which is beneficial to the health of livestock and poultry.

Claims (10)

1. a livestock and poultry house that utilizes the plant purification air comprises that by two vertical side walls and the colony house that two cross side circummures become it is characterized in that, said two vertical side wall places are placed with plant, and said colony house is provided with the ceiling of being arranged and being formed by plant.

2. the livestock and poultry house that utilizes the plant purification air as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that said two vertical side walls are respectively towards cloudy side wall and Chaoyang side wall, and the plant of putting towards cloudy side wall place is an ombrophyte, and the plant that put at side wall place in Chaoyang is a sun plant.

3. the livestock and poultry house that utilizes the plant purification air as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that said vertical side wall is provided with window, and the plant at said vertical side wall place is placed in the windowsill position of window.

4. the livestock and poultry house that utilizes the plant purification air as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that the windowsill position of said vertical side wall window is provided with support or the suspension bracket that is used to put plant.

5. the livestock and poultry house that utilizes the plant purification air as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that, described support is fixedly mounted on the windowsill or vertically on the body of wall of side wall, or independent setting has feet, or through hanger suspending on the colony house roof.

6. like each described livestock and poultry house that utilizes the plant purification air of claim 2, it is characterized in that described sun plant comprises at least a in ivy, sansevieria trifasciata, bracketplant, the golden Pueraria lobota epipremnum aureum; Described ombrophyte comprises Spathiphyllum kochii, close at least a in fruit taro, Tillandsia, jasmine, the dayflower.

7. the livestock and poultry house that utilizes the plant purification air as claimed in claim 2; It is characterized in that; The cloudy side wall of said Chaoyang side wall and court is open type; Said Chaoyang side wall and court cloudy side wall place are equipped with the support that is used to put plant, are placed with sun plant on the support of said Chaoyang side wall, on the support of cloudy side wall, are placed with ombrophyte.

8. the livestock and poultry house that utilizes the plant purification air as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, described sun plant comprises at least a in ivy, sansevieria trifasciata, bracketplant, the golden Pueraria lobota epipremnum aureum; Described ombrophyte comprises Spathiphyllum kochii, close at least a in fruit taro, Tillandsia, jasmine, the dayflower.

9. like each described livestock and poultry house that utilizes the plant purification air of claim 1～6; It is characterized in that; Said two horizontal side walls are respectively equipped with the air port of band blower fan; Said air port is to be positioned at an air inlet on the horizontal side wall and to be positioned at the exhaust outlet on another horizontal side wall, and the height of air inlet and exhaust outlet is corresponding.

10. the livestock and poultry house that utilizes the plant purification air as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that said ceiling is formed by the Tillandsia that is suspended on below, colony house roof, at least a the arranging in the bracketplant.

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