CN102608780B - Gamma curve linearization adjustment method of liquid crystal spatial light modulator - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a gamma curve linearization adjustment method of a liquid crystal spatial light modulator. The method comprises (1) determining a desired linearized Gamma curve according to the measured discrete points of an original Gamma curve; (2) fitting the series of discrete points of the original Gamma curve by interpolation to obtain an equation of the original Gamma curve; and (3) calculating a new gray value x corresponding to each power value Y corresponding to the gray value X with an interval of 1 in the desired linearized Gamma curve based on the equation of the original Gamma curve so as to obtain the corresponding relationship between the gray value X and the new gray value x. The method provided by the invention can realize quick Gamma curve linearization adjustment, and the results have extremely high linearity.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to optical technical field, specifically, the present invention relates to a kind of LCD space light modulator Gamma curve linear method of adjustment.
Background technology
LCD space light modulator is the spatial light modulation device of a kind of high-contrast, high resolving power, active, codified, at optical field, has extremely important application.For example, utilize LCD space light modulator carry out laser beam in real time, can regulate and control spatial beam shaping, the light beam that can obtain easily the nearly flat-top light distribution of required form (as the geometric configuration such as square, circular), has important application prospect in the beam shaping in high power laser system pre-amplifier or oscillator.
LCD space light modulator Gamma curve refers to that transmitance after laser beam is by LCD space light modulator is along with the curve that writes the gray-value variation (gray-value variation scope is generally 0～255) of image change in LCD space light modulator.Wherein, transmitance is the power of the power of laser beam after by LCD space light modulator while entering LCD space light modulator divided by laser beam.When test Gamma curve, (RMS is root mean square to the RMS value of the power of the incoming laser beam using, the important evaluation function of beam quality) generally lower, and the power constant of incoming laser beam in the same time not, therefore, sometimes can by Gamma curve, by laser beam, the power after by LCD space light modulator represents along with write the curve that the gray-value variation of image changes in LCD space light modulator.
In general, the Gamma curve that LCD space light modulator is original is a sigmoid curve.This sigmoid curve is often difficult to meet application needs.For example: in device of high power laser, have more optical element and pre-amplifier before LCD space light modulator, it is time to time change that light beam incides the distribution of LCD space light modulator Shang Qiang district.When Gamma curve is nonlinear sigmoid curve, in the larger region of nonlinearities change, be in the region of 1 < k < ∞ (k is Gamma slope of a curve) on Gamma curve, the faint variation that writes gradation of image in LCD space light modulator all can cause laser transmittance to occur larger fluctuating, and then causes strong district to drift about in time on compensating rear near field percentage modulation of the beam impact obviously.And when Gamma curve is linear change, the strong district of laser temporal evolution is not obvious on the impact of compensation, near field percentage modulation of the beam after compensation is little and can long term maintenance stable, thereby reach, laser beam is carried out to spacing shaping effectively, the object of the super-Gaussian flat top beam that output beam modulation near field degree is lower.Therefore usually need the Gamma curve shape of adjustable liquid crystal display spatial light modulator, make its linearization.
In prior art, adjust Gamma curve shape, LCD space light modulator need to be connected with computer display card, by computing machine video driver LCD space light modulator.Computer display card driver for user provides can brightness adjusting, contrast and gray scale, or the man-machine interface of brightness, contrast and gamma.By this man-machine interface, can adjust to a certain extent Gamma curve shape, make its linearization.Yet, the brightness of video driver man-machine interface, contrast and gray scale (or brightness, contrast and gamma) are very complicated with the relation of Gamma curve, every adjustment once, all needs the transmitance of testing gray scale between 0～255 change and then draw Gamma curve and verify whether it is linear change.This causes Gamma curve linear adjustment process very loaded down with trivial details, consuming time.In addition, it is unsatisfactory that above-mentioned Gamma curve is adjusted scheme effect, can not make gamma curve total Linearization.
In sum, current in the urgent need to a kind of Gamma of LCD space light modulator fast, accurately curve linear method of adjustment.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of Gamma of LCD space light modulator fast, accurately curve linear method of adjustment.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of LCD space light modulator Gamma curve linear method of adjustment, comprise the following steps:
1) according to the original Gamma curve discrete point of the LCD space light modulator of actual measurement, determine desired linearizing Gamma curve;
2) by interpolation, the series of discrete point of original Gamma curve is carried out to the equation that matching obtains original Gamma curve;
3) for corresponding grey scale value X in desired linearizing Gamma curve, be spaced apart each performance number Y of 1, equation based on the resulting original Gamma curve of matching is obtained the corresponding new gray-scale value x of this performance number Y, thereby obtains the corresponding relation of gray-scale value X and new gray-scale value x.
Wherein, by step 3) resulting gray-scale value X writes image processing module with the corresponding relation of new gray-scale value x, described LCD space light modulator is connected with described image processing module and is driven by this image processing module, when LCD space light modulator being write to a certain gray level image by described image processing module, this image processing module first replaces with new gray-scale value x by each pixel of this gray level image by old gray-scale value X, then the image that replaces to new gray-scale value is write to LCD space light modulator.
Wherein, described step 2) in, adopt the method for Lagrange interpolation to carry out the equation that matching obtains original Gamma curve.
Wherein, described step 3) in, adopt Bolzano dichotomy to solve the corresponding new gray-scale value x of performance number Y.
The present invention also provides a kind of test macro of adjusting for LCD space light modulator Gamma curve linearization, its light path comprises successively: testing light source, catoptron group, beam expanding lens group, 1/2 wave plate, the first Glan prism, liquid crystal light valve, the second Glan prism, lens and power meter.
Wherein, described the first Glan prism and liquid crystal light valve be angle at 45 ° mechanically, and described the second Glan prism and liquid crystal light valve be also angle at 45 ° mechanically.
Wherein, described the first Glan prism and the second Glan prism placement that is orthogonal.
Wherein, between described the first Glan prism and liquid crystal light valve, place left-handed 45 degree rotors, between described liquid crystal light valve and the second Glan prism, place dextrorotation 45 degree rotors.
With respect to prior art, the present invention has following technique effect:
1, the present invention can complete the adjustment of Gamma curve linear fast.
2, Gamma curve linearization adjustment result of the present invention is very accurate, and the linearity is high.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 shows a light path system of adjusting for LCD space light modulator Gamma curve linearization;
Fig. 2 shows 1053nm single longitudinal mode and mixes Yb
3+fiber laser power temporal evolution curve;
The original Gamma curve of LCD space light modulator when Fig. 3 shows 1053nm laser incident in one embodiment of the invention;
When Fig. 4 shows 1053nm laser incident in one embodiment of the invention, desired LCD space light modulator is the Gamma curve of linear change;
The Gamma curve of LCD space light modulator during the incident of 1053nm laser after Fig. 5 shows gray scale in one embodiment of the invention and replaces;
Fig. 6 shows the time dependent curve of beam modulation near field degree of the method adjustment Gamma curve that utilizes classic method and one embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
The present invention is directed to the method that existing adjustment Gamma curve is linear change wastes time and energy, and the present situation that effect is undesirable, has proposed a kind of new Gamma curve method of adjustment.First LCD space light modulator to be adjusted is tested, measuring horizontal ordinate is the series of discrete point that gray-scale value, ordinate are performance number, based on these discrete point matchings, obtain curvilinear equation again, then try to achieve on this curvilinear equation with gray scale in target Gamma curve and be spaced apart new gray-scale value corresponding to 1 performance number, thereby obtain the corresponding relation of new, old gray-scale value and deposited in image processing module.LCD space light modulator is connected with this image processing module and is driven by this image processing module.When LCD space light modulator being write to a certain gray level image by described image processing module, this image processing module first replaces with new gray-scale value by the gray-scale value of this each pixel of gray level image according to resulting corresponding relation new, old gray-scale value, then the image that replaces to new gray-scale value is write to LCD space light modulator.So in use, Gamma curve (horizontal ordinate is that old gray-scale value, ordinate are performance number) is linear change.
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is done further and described.
For the Gamma curve of correcting liquid crystal spatial light modulator, first need accurately to measure original Gamma curve data.For this reason, in one embodiment of the present of invention, built a LCD space light modulator Gamma curve experimental system, the light path of this experimental system as shown in Figure 1, comprise successively testing light source 1, catoptron group 2, beam expanding lens group 3,1/2 wave plates 4, the first Glan prism 5 (Glan prism is Glan-Taylor prism), left-handed 45 degree rotors 6, liquid crystal light valve 7, dextrorotation 45 degree rotors 8, the second Glan prism 9, lens 10 and power meter 11.Wherein, catoptron group 2 comprises two 45 ° of catoptrons, for later stage collimated light path.It is constant that light path is difficult to accomplish keep for a long time, that is to say that light path may change in time, now can be by catoptron group 2 fine adjustments with collimated light path, thus guarantee the normal operation of Gamma curve experimental system.Beam expanding lens group 3 is for expanding light beam, because the pixel on liquid crystal light valve 7 has size, the larger pixel effectively utilizing of light beam is more.When liquid crystal light valve 7 carries out Modulation and Amplitude Modulation, requirement enters polarisation of light state and the liquid crystal molecule angle at 45 ° of liquid crystal light valve 7, so just require Glan prism and liquid crystal light valve 7 mechanically will have 45 ° of angles, and liquid crystal light valve 7 is mechanically difficult to placement at 45 °, so in the present embodiment, allow two Glan prism placements at 45 °.But, in experiment, find, 45 ° of catoptrons that domestic Ji great optical mirror slip manufacturer produces only to polarization state be 0 ° and 90 ° of light effects that enter better, and to being that the light that other angle 0 ° and 90 ° enters has very serious depolarization except polarization state, cause the light of rear class light path output to use.Therefore, in the present embodiment, in liquid crystal light valve 7 front and back, respectively place the quartzy rotor of a piece, be respectively left-handed 45 degree rotors 6 and dextrorotation 45 degree rotors 8, take and guarantee that the polarization state that enters 45 ° of catoptrons is 0 ° or 90 °.The 1053nm single longitudinal mode that testing light source 1 adopts Beijing GK Laser Technology Co., Ltd. to produce is mixed Yb
3+fiber laser, linear polarization output power is 22mW (polarization state degree of stability is less than 1%), working stability in the short time, non-mode competition and Mode-hopping Phenomena.Laser, by single-mode polarization maintaining fiber output (optical fiber core diameter 6 μ m, NA=0.14), via entering beam expanding lens group 3 through catoptron group 2 after Throlabs aspheric mirror coupling head 1 ' collimation, makes to test hot spot bore and is extended to
, by 1/2 wave plate 4, regulating and inject polarization state subsequently, cooperation Glan-Taylor prism thereafter plays the object of dynamic adjustments injected optical power.The LCX016AL-6 type LCD space light modulator that liquid crystal light valve to be measured adopts Sony Corporation to produce, its effective working area 26.6mm * 20.0mm (1.3 "), resolution 832 * 624 pixels, operating voltage 15V.Before and after LCD space light modulator, quadrature is placed the Glan-Taylor prism that a pair of extinction ratio is greater than 2000: 1, can guarantee that LCD space light modulator possesses the condition of work of High Extinction Ratio, makes output image ground unrest little, has higher contrast.Light beam becomes 0 ° of direction through preposition Glan prism rear polarizer state, is defined as p polarized light here, and p polarized light is after left-handed 45 ° of quartzy rotors, and polarization state is counterclockwise rotated 45 ° (being-45 ° of directions shown in Fig. 1).Now, by computer expert, cross 832 * 624 resolution format pictures that VGA video line is 255 by a width gray scale and transfer to LCD space light modulator, the laser of left-handed 45 ° is by after liquid crystal molecule, its polarization direction half-twist, polarization state rotates to be 45 ° of directions (45 ° of directions shown in Fig. 1), after 45 ° of rotors of dextrorotation, 45 ° of polarization state laser rotaries are 90 ° of polarization state laser, i.e. s light.Because two Glan prism quadratures are placed, s light can see through completely, after finally being focused on by positive lens, uses the power meter that Thorlabs company model is PM1000 to test its output power, has just completed a work testing process.When writing different gray-scale value, the operating voltage adding on each pixel liquid crystal molecule in LCD space light modulator is also different, the pixel of 0～255 gray scale is to 0～90 ° of laser polarization state rotation, (the second Glan prism 9 is polarization splitting prism to coordinate the second rearmounted Glan prism 9, can play the effect of analyzing device), just can realize any control to light beam spatial intensity distribution, by writing 0～255 gray scale picture, test laser power output after analyzing corresponding to each gray scale.
In the present embodiment, the RMS value that laser beam enters the power of LCD space light modulator is 0.041%, and temporal evolution curve as shown in Figure 2, can be regarded constant value as.Therefore, can by Gamma curve, by laser beam, the power after by LCD space light modulator substitutes along with write the curve that the image of gray-scale value from 0～255 change in LCD space light modulator.The present embodiment, in 0～255 gray-scale value, writes image at interval of 10 gray-scale values in LCD space light modulator, measures laser power output.When the wavelength of incident laser is 1053nm, the original Gamma curve of measuring LCD space light modulator by above-mentioned experimental system as shown in Figure 3.
To original Gamma curvature correction, expect that new Gamma curve is for passing through (0,0) and (255, A) straight line, as shown in Figure 4, performance number when wherein A is 255 image for write gray scale in LCD space light modulator, A=2.02mW in the present embodiment.Gamma curve is become by the straight line of (0,0) and (255,20.21), and concrete steps are as follows:
Suppose that function y=f (x) is at N+1 point (x
0, y
0) ..., (x
n, y
n) value located is known, its intermediate value x
kin interval [a, b] upper distribution, and meet: a≤x
0< x
1< ... < x
n≤ b, and y
k=f (x
k), can construct this N+1 of mistake the N order polynomial P (x) putting.French mathematician Joseph Louis Lagrange has been derived the polynomial expression that is called as Lagrange interpolation:
L wherein
n, kfor based on node:
Lagrange coefficient polynomial expression.Yi Zhi, (an x-x
k) and (x
k-x
k) at the right-hand member of formula (2), do not occur.
The multiplier mark that can introduce (2) formula, is written as:
By (3) substitution (1) formula, the known point (x that crosses
j, y
j) polynomial curve y=P
n(x) be:
P
N(x
j)＝y
0L
N，0(x
j)+…+y
jL
N，j(x
j)+…+y
NL
N，N(x
j) (4)
Utilizing formula (2), (4) is the algebraic equation that discrete point matching that gray-scale value, ordinate are performance number obtains Gamma curve by Lagrange interpolation by horizontal ordinate.According to matching equation out, any performance number on interval [0, A], all can try to achieve the gray-scale value corresponding with it.
Y＝kX (5)
Wherein
be that 0.0079, Y represents power, X represents gray-scale value.If gray-scale value be spaced apart 1, by formula (5), can try to achieve easily X at [0,255] upper these 256 performance number Y that gray-scale value is corresponding.It should be noted that, the execution sequence of the step 1 in the present embodiment, step 2 can exchange.
Step 3, performance number Y is updated to polynomial curve y=P
n(x) be Y=P
n(x), utilize the poor promise of bohr (Bolzano) dichotomy to try to achieve at curve Y=P
n(x) the upper new gray-scale value x corresponding with Y.Wherein Bolzano dichotomy solution procedure is as follows: make f (x)=P
n(x)-Y, because the root x of Equation f (x)=0 is on [0,255] interval, makes a=0, b=255, f (a)=P
n(a)-Y, f (b)=P
n(b)-Y.A) first judge that a or b are the solution of equation, if (wherein Δ is solving precision to f (a) < Δ, is an enough little value, for example can make Δ is 0.5), separate as x=a, if f (b) < Δ in like manner is separated as x=b.B), if a, b are not equations root, must there is f (a) f (b) < 0, order
if f (a) f (c) < 0, makes b=c; If f (b) f (c) < 0, makes a=c.Repeat a), b) until obtain equation root x.It should be noted that because gray-scale value is integer, x should be rounded to integer.
By above-mentioned steps, relying on Lagrange interpolation is that the discrete point matching that gray-scale value, ordinate are performance number obtains after curvilinear equation by horizontal ordinate, utilizes Bolzano dichotomy can try to achieve new gray-scale value x corresponding to performance number Y that in Fig. 4, gray scale interval X is 1.In the present embodiment, old gray-scale value X is deposited in image processing module with the corresponding relation of new gray-scale value x.LCD space light modulator is connected with this image processing module and is driven by this image processing module.When LCD space light modulator being write to a certain gray level image by described image processing module, this image processing module first replaces with new gray-scale value by each pixel of this gray level image by old gray-scale value, then the image that replaces to new gray-scale value is write to LCD space light modulator.So in use, Gamma curve (horizontal ordinate is that old gray-scale value, ordinate are performance number) is linear change.Utilize aforesaid experimental system, remeasure the Gamma curve of LCD space light modulator as shown in Figure 5, can see that the Gamma curve making new advances is straight line.
For the effect that further checking Gamma curve of the present invention is adjusted.LCD space light modulator is applied in the beam shaping of large-scale high power laser system, according to classic method, adjust Gamma curve, after compensation, interval gathers hot spot and calculates its beam modulation near field degree with CCD for 20 minutes, similarly, use the method for above-described embodiment to adjust Gamma curve, after compensation, interval gathers hot spot and calculates its beam modulation near field degree with CCD for 20 minutes again, thereby obtains respectively utilizing classic method and the described method of previous embodiment to adjust the time dependent curve of beam modulation near field degree of Gamma curve.Fig. 6 shows and finally obtains beam modulation near field degree temporal evolution curve, wherein, warning triangle and square mark represent respectively to utilize classic method and the described method of previous embodiment to adjust the near field percentage modulation of the beam that Gamma curve obtains, when discovery is adjusted relatively goodly by the linear change of Gamma curve, near field percentage modulation of the beam is little, and stability is high.This is just because of only having when Gamma curve is linear change, and the strong district of laser temporal evolution is not obvious on the impact of compensation, and the faint variation that writes gradation of image in LCD space light modulator is unlikely to cause laser transmittance to occur larger fluctuating.
Finally it should be noted that, above embodiment is only in order to illustrate that technical scheme of the present invention is not intended to limit, and modification, variation, application and the embodiment that in application, can extend to other think that all such modifications, variation, application, embodiment are within the spirit and scope of the present invention simultaneously.
Claims (3)
1. a LCD space light modulator Gamma curve linear method of adjustment, comprises the following steps:
3) by Lagrange interpolation, the series of discrete point of original Gamma curve is carried out to the equation that matching obtains original Gamma curve;
4) for corresponding grey scale value X in desired linearizing Gamma curve, be spaced apart each performance number Y of 1, equation based on the resulting original Gamma curve of matching is obtained the corresponding new gray-scale value x of this performance number Y, thereby obtains the corresponding relation of gray-scale value X and new gray-scale value x;
It is characterized in that, before described step 3), also carry out the following step:
1) based on Gamma curve test macro, measure the original Gamma curve discrete point of LCD space light modulator, described Gamma curve test macro comprises: the testing light source of arranging successively along light path, catoptron group, beam expanding lens group, 1/2 wave plate, the first Glan prism, left-handed 45 degree rotors, treat linearizing LCD space light modulator, dextrorotation 45 degree rotors, the second Glan prism, lens and power meter;
2) according to the original Gamma curve discrete point of the LCD space light modulator of actual measurement, determine desired linearizing Gamma curve.
2. LCD space light modulator Gamma curve linear method of adjustment according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step 4), resulting gray-scale value X is write to image processing module with the corresponding relation of new gray-scale value x, described image processing module is used for driving described LCD space light modulator, and when LCD space light modulator being write to a certain gray level image by described image processing module, this image processing module first replaces with new gray-scale value x by each pixel of this gray level image by old gray-scale value X, again the image that replaces to new gray-scale value is write to LCD space light modulator.
3. LCD space light modulator Gamma curve linear method of adjustment according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step 4), adopts Bolzano dichotomy to solve the corresponding new gray-scale value x of performance number Y.
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| 唐熊忻 等.液晶空间光调制器Gamma曲线的调整方法及其对光束整形的影响.《中国光学学会2011年学术大会摘要集》.2011,摘要. |
| 液晶空间光调制器Gamma曲线的调整方法及其对光束整形的影响;唐熊忻 等;《中国光学学会2011年学术大会摘要集》;20111231;摘要 * |
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Date of cancellation: 20180130 Granted publication date: 20140205 Pledgee: China Co truction Bank Corp Beijing Zhongguancun branch Pledgor: Beijing GK Laser Technology Co., Ltd. Registration number: 2018990000064 |
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Denomination of invention: Gamma curve linearization adjustment method of liquid crystal spatial light modulator Effective date of registration: 20180130 Granted publication date: 20140205 Pledgee: China Co truction Bank Corp Beijing Zhongguancun branch Pledgor: Beijing GK Laser Technology Co., Ltd. Registration number: 2018990000091 |
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