CN102273636B - Natural organic sea buckthorn fruit acid and processing method thereof - Google Patents
Natural organic sea buckthorn fruit acid and processing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a natural organic sea buckthorn fruit acid and a preparation method thereof, the preparation method sequentially comprises the steps such as enzymolysis, separation, hydrolysis, fermentation, filtration, concentration and the like, and a biological enzyme engineering and fermentation technology, a film filtration technology, a plate and frame filtration technology and the like are adopted for getting a natural organic sea buckthorn fruit acid product which is high in added value, clear in components and safe and reliable in quality. Compared with the prior art, the natural organic sea buckthorn fruit acid has the advantages of low production cost, high utilization rate of resources, environmental friendliness and the like, can be used for effectively easing the shortage of the resources, solving the environmental pollution problem and improving the competitiveness of a product, and further has extensive application prospects.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of natural organic acids and preparation method thereof, particularly from fruits and vegetables class plant-wild sea-buckthorn, extract and produce the processing method of natural organic sea buckthorn fruit acid.
Background technology
Organic acid is the important substance of human biological metabolism, and some disease is had therapeutic action.The effect of gastrointestinal peristalsis is accelerated in can stimulate digestion liquid secretion of organic acid, can promote appetite, is conducive to the digestion of food, can be nourshing Yin and drynsessmoistening prescription, build up resistance.Secondly, organic acid can thoroughly be discharged toxin in the blood of human body: generally speaking, the toxin in the blood is to be opened bile duct, discharged bile by liver, excretes by stool and urine again.Organic acid can be absorbed to a certain extent by the intestines wall of large intestine in digestion process, enters safely the hepatic region by vein again, impel capillary and the little cholangiectasis of liver, bile is optimum increase exponentially, and blood flow is also more unobstructed, thereby thoroughly discharges the toxin in the blood.Again; organic acid can make food keep certain acidity; ascorbic stability had protective effect; also can improve amino acid whose utilization rate; promote lipolysis, realize fast fat-reducing: after organic acid is absorbed by the intestines wall, can directly stimulate the storage fat such as subcutaneous fat; be broken down into aliphatic acid, and accelerated together energy and fatty consumption with the musculature energetic supersession.Therefore, organic acid is significant to medicine and life science, mainly as the raw material of food and medical industry.
Organic acid commonly used mainly contains: malic acid, citric acid, lactic acid, tartaric acid, ascorbic acid, acetic acid, fumaric acid etc.The organic acid production method mainly contains three kinds at present:
(1) fermentation technique of cereal crops is adopted in most of organic acid production, and primary raw material is the cereal crops such as corn and potato class, has formed the situation of " strive grain, strive ground with grain with the people ".Although China's area is larger, population is huge, and there is a serious shortage in the supply relatively for per capita area of cultivated farmland, only is 1.3 mu, and along with the continuous minimizing that can utilize the soil in the world wide, staple food supply has become the serious problems that affect human survival.In at present arable land minimizing, under the condition of population increase, ecological deterioration, have a strong impact on the grain security of China.
(2) adopt chemical synthesis process also can produce organic acid, but the investment of this method is large, specification requirement is high, and cost is high, and as the food-grade pharmaceutical raw material, is not accepted by the consumer.
(3) can from plant, directly extract organic acid, simple process, but organic acid content is too low in the majority of plant, and unreasonable economically.
Sea-buckthorn is a kind of good bush fruit class economic tree, has natural, free of contamination characteristic.Contain more than 200 kind of bioactive ingredients in the sea buckthorn fruit, contain the amino acid of 8 kinds of needed by human, multiple natural organic acids.Natural organic acids content can reach 3.2%-4.5% in the fructus hippophae, and wherein main is malic acid, citric acid, vitamin C, tartaric acid, and malic acid content accounts for more than 60% of organic acid content.And, in the fructus hippophae, a certain amount of glucide is arranged, be the high-quality nutrient source of microorganism, can by fermentation, produce new organic acid.At present China's Seabuckthorn Forest area reaches 4,000 ten thousand mu, accounts for more than 90% of the whole world gross area, along with carrying out of the work such as concedings the land to forestry, environmental improvement, China's Seabuckthorn Forest area every year with 1,000,000 mu speed in increase.By conservative estimation, 1,200,000 tons of its fructus hippophae output, and in fact, the effective rate of utilization of China's sea buckthorn resources only has about 10%, and the problem that the orchard worker sells the fresh fruit difficulty still exists, a large amount of fructus hippophaes because can't digest, unmanned purchase, can only run its course, become scattered about in the barren hill, become the delicacies of birds and beasts, cause the significant wastage of resource, seriously restricted the development of sea-buckthorn industry.
If can be to the organic acid in the fructus hippophae and other active nutritional materials comprehensive development and utilization in addition; substitute cereal crops and produce organic acid; not only can effectively improve the resource utilization of China; guarantee grain security; and can promote biotechnology applying and scale in Agricultural Production, drive technological progress and the structural adjustment upgrading of related industry.
But because sea-buckthorn acidity is high, the control of zymophyte selection of species and process conditions is very difficult and be very limited.The most of sea-buckthorn product of past China mainly is the form with sea buckthorn juice (slurry) basic material, sells as food, pharmaceutical raw material outlet.Behind the sea buckthorn juice of manufacturer under-buy China of the countries and regions such as Japan, the U.S., Germany, Italy and Southeast Asia, the value of the product that deep processing is produced has improved tens times even hundreds of times, has obtained rich profit.Because the amount of sea-buckthorn pulp (juice) accounts for about 90% of fructus hippophae total amount, so the technical merit of its processing method, utilize the development of effect, the leading sea-buckthorn industry of economic benefit.Because the technology of present sea-buckthorn deep processing can only the lower sea-buckthorn raw material of production and selling added value, cause the industry whole economic efficiency relatively poor, development speed is slower, resources advantage is not changed into economic advantages, seriously restricted the development of China's sea-buckthorn industry, to economic development with improve peasants and herdsmen to take in induced effect little.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, one of purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of and utilizes fruits and vegetables class plant to be raw material, substitutes cereal crops, prepares the method for natural organic sea buckthorn fruit acid, and the organic sea buckthorn fruit acid of the method acquisition.
Preparation method of the present invention is as raw material take the wild organic sea buckthorn fruit, can ferment by the biocatalytic Activity of microorganism and enzyme preparation for fructus hippophae obtains the characteristics of sea buckthorn fruit acid, with fresh fructus hippophae successively through squeezing (making beating), enzymolysis, fermentation, separation, the high-quality organic sea buckthorn fruit acid of technique acquisition such as concentrated.
The natural hippophae tartaric acid that the present invention prepares is a kind of mixed organic acid, malic acid most importantly wherein, and other also contain citric acid, L ascorbic acid, amino acid, tartaric acid etc.The organic sea buckthorn fruit acid that the present invention prepares is except containing organic acid, also contain multivitamin, Flavonoid substances, protein, phytosterol, Polyphenols, soluble dietary fiber etc. to the very effective nutriment of health, therefore it not only can play simple organic acid efficacy effect, and provide simultaneously other human bodies necessary nutriment, various organic acids can be nutritionally, on the effect, complement each other on the mouthfeel, effect strengthens.
The natural organic sea buckthorn fruit acid that the present invention prepares uses mainly as food, drug additive.It also is the important channel that replenishes the human nutrition material except producing corresponding tartaric acid efficacy effect, can be widely used in the manufacturing of fruit juice, candy, dessert, and the anticorrosion and storage of meat, fish, bird tinned food.The sea buckthorn fruit acid application that the present invention prepares is extensive, and the market competitiveness is strong, has broad application prospects in food, medicine, health products and cosmetic field.
The sea buckthorn fruit acid that the present invention prepares is as mixed acid, and production cost is lower, and resource utilization is high, environmental friendliness.Simultaneously, if the higher malic acid of market demand purity, the present invention can adopt the resin adsorption technology, with malic acid extraction purifying wherein, produces highly purified malic acid, has extraordinary market adaptability.
The processing method of natural organic sea buckthorn fruit acid of the present invention specifically comprises the steps:
(1) making beating: the fresh fructus hippophae after the cleaning is pulled an oar by beater, obtains sea-buckthorn pulp and fructus hippophae screenings.
(2) biology enzyme reaction:
The water that in the fructus hippophae screenings that step (1) obtains, adds equivalent, then the cellulase and the hemicellulase complex enzyme that add pulp slag 0.5 ‰-5 ‰ mass ratio, the ratio of its cellulase and hemicellulase is 1: 9-9: 1, then in 5-50 ℃ of lower reaction 0.5-4 hour, through squeezing, obtain sea buckthorn juice and sea buckthorn juice slag.
The sea-buckthorn pulp that the sea buckthorn juice that obtains and step (1) are obtained mixes, add the pectase of mixed liquor 0.5 ‰-5 ‰ mass ratio and the complex enzyme of protease, wherein the ratio of pectase and protease is 1: 9-9: 1, in 30-60 ℃ of lower reaction 0.5-4 hour, obtain sea-buckthorn pulp or sea buckthorn juice behind the enzymolysis.
Step (2) adds various enzyme preparations in sea-buckthorn pulp and fructus hippophae screenings, by the enzyme biological respinse, cellulose in the decomposition fructus hippophae, hemicellulose, pectin, protein etc., by breaking the coupling key between cell membrane and the above-mentioned substance, be convenient to separation and the utilization of active ingredient, thereby improve resource utilization, nutritional labeling effect and product quality, provide material base for follow-up organic acid fermentation simultaneously, create good working condition.
(3) separate: separate with the sea-buckthorn pulp (juice) of proportion seperator after with above-mentioned enzymolysis, wherein, the pulp temperature is 40-60 ℃ during separation, and the separation rotating speed is 2000-8000rpm, obtains refining sea-buckthorn pulp (juice), hippophae rhamnoides fruit oil and fructus hippophae muddy flesh.
(4) hydrolysis
The fructus hippophae muddy flesh that step (3) is obtained, be 10 in mass ratio: 1-1: 10 ratio adds water, stir, be warming up to 60-100 ℃, kept 0.1-1 hour, and then be cooled to 40-65 ℃, press again 0.5 ‰-5 ‰ mass ratio adding amylase, react after 0.5-10 hour, obtain the fructus hippophae muddy flesh aqueous solution;
(5) fermentation: in the fructus hippophae muddy flesh aqueous solution that step (4) obtains, add 0.05 ‰---the Aspergillus (comprising aspergillus niger, aspergillus flavus, aspergillus oryzae) of 1 ‰ mass ratioes, under 20-50 ℃, ferment, fermentation time 24-72h, the liquid that extracts wherein obtains the fructus hippophae zymotic fluid.
(6): filtering and concentrating
Described refining sea-buckthorn pulp (juice) and described fructus hippophae zymotic fluid are merged, behind atlapulgite plate-frame filtering and membrane filtration, obtain the machine acid stillness of night, after concentrating by evaporimeter again, obtain natural hippophae tartaric acid finished product.
Method processing natural organic sea buckthorn fruit acid of the present invention, utilize the biocatalytic Activity of microorganism and enzyme preparation, the sea-buckthorn pulp is carried out large-scale material processing and transforms, adopt microbial fermentation technology that the fermentation of the polysaccharide material in the fructus hippophae muddy flesh is produced organic acid, technology is simple, mature and reliable and production cost are low, production process is carried out in airtight machinery, process time is short, do not add any auxiliary material, guaranteed that product is not subjected to extraneous contamination, product meets organic food, the pollution-free food production specification and requirement, but range of application is applied to food, the industries such as medicine.
The sea buckthorn fruit acid that the inventive method is produced, taking full advantage of plant is raw material, reduces the consumption of cereal crops, thereby has improved resource utilization, guarantees grain security.Added value of product is high, Quality Safety is reliable, nutritious, integrated innovation and the technological progress that has natural machine acid to produce, have that production cost is low, resource utilization is high and the advantage such as environmental friendliness, effectively alleviated shortage of resources and problem of environmental pollution, improved the competitiveness of product, be with a wide range of applications.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment one
Process as follows natural organic sea buckthorn fruit acid:
(1) enzymolysis: in the sea-buckthorn pomace 1 that the fructus hippophae making beating obtains, add the cellulase of 2.5 ‰ mass ratioes and the complex enzyme (mass ratio of its cellulase and hemicellulase is 4: 6) of hemicellulase, in 40 ℃ of lower reactions 2 hours, then obtain sea buckthorn juice and sea-buckthorn pomace through the squeezer squeezing.
Sea-buckthorn pulp, sea buckthorn juice that fructus hippophae making beating and squeezing are obtained merge, and add 2 ‰ mass ratioes and be 6: 4 pectase and protease, in 35 ℃ of lower reactions 1 hour, obtain the sea-buckthorn pulp (juice) behind the enzymolysis;
(2) separate: separate with the sea-buckthorn pulp (juice) of proportion seperator after with above-mentioned enzymolysis, wherein, the pulp temperature is 55 ℃ during separation, and the rate of departure is 4000rpm, obtains making with extra care sea-buckthorn pulp (juice), hippophae rhamnoides fruit oil and fructus hippophae muddy flesh.
(3) hydrolysis: be that 4: 1 ratio is adjusted the fructus hippophae muddy flesh in the mass ratio of water and fructus hippophae muddy flesh, be warming up to 75 ℃, after 0.5 hour, be cooled to 20 ℃, press again 2 ‰ mass ratio adding amylase, in 40 ℃ of lower reactions 1 hour, obtain the fructus hippophae muddy flesh aqueous solution;
(4) fermentation: in the above-mentioned fructus hippophae muddy flesh aqueous solution, add the aspergillus niger of 0.08 ‰ mass ratio, under 35 ℃, ferment fermentation time 36h.
(5) filtering and concentrating: the sea-buckthorn pulp (juice) in above-mentioned sea buckthorn fruit acid zymotic fluid and the step (2) mixed and carry out subsequent treatment, after atlapulgite plate-frame filtering and membrane filtration separation, obtain the fructus hippophae acid solution, by evaporation and concentration, namely obtain natural hippophae tartaric acid finished product again.
In the situation that processing step is identical with embodiment 1, change its various material additions and operating condition, further test, obtain data as follows:
For above-described embodiment, applicant's statement, corresponding relation among above-described embodiment 1-embodiment 5 between each technological parameter is not to be closely connected, one to one, therefore the person of ordinary skill in the field can be with each parameter independent assortment, obtain technique effect of the present invention, it also is considered as within the record scope of the present invention.
Applicant's statement, the present invention illustrates detailed process of the present invention and technological process by above-described embodiment, but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned detailed process and technological process, does not mean that namely the present invention must rely on above-mentioned detailed process and technological process could be implemented.The person of ordinary skill in the field should understand, any improvement in the present invention to the interpolation of the equivalence replacement of each raw material of product of the present invention and auxiliary element, the selection of concrete mode etc., all drops within protection scope of the present invention and the open scope.
Claims (10)
1. natural hippophae tartaric acid, it is characterized in that, described sea buckthorn fruit acid is take the wild fructus hippophae of fruit-vegetable plant as raw material, through making beating, cellulase and the reaction of hemicellulase complex enzyme biology enzyme, separate, mixed organic acid that amylorrhexis and Aspergillus biofermentation method make;
Described cellulase and the reaction of hemicellulase complex enzyme biology enzyme comprise: the water that adds equivalent in the fructus hippophae screenings that described making beating obtains, then the cellulase and the hemicellulase complex enzyme that add pulp slag 0.5 ‰-5 ‰ mass ratio, the ratio of its cellulase and hemicellulase is 1: 9-9: 1, then in 5-50 ℃ of lower reaction 0.5-4 hour, through squeezing, obtain sea buckthorn juice and sea buckthorn juice slag
The sea-buckthorn pulp that described sea buckthorn juice and making beating are obtained mixes, add the pectase of mixed liquor 0.5 ‰-5 ‰ mass ratio and the complex enzyme of protease, wherein the ratio of pectase and protease is 1: 9-9: 1, in 30-60 ℃ of lower reaction 0.5-4 hour, obtain sea-buckthorn pulp or sea buckthorn juice behind the enzymolysis;
Described amylorrhexis comprises: the fructus hippophae muddy flesh that described separation is obtained, be 10 in mass ratio: 1-1: 10 ratio adds water, stir, be warming up to 60-100 ℃, kept 0.1-1 hour, and then be cooled to 40-65 ℃, press again 0.5 ‰-5 ‰ mass ratio adding amylase, react after 0.5-10 hour, obtain the fructus hippophae muddy flesh aqueous solution;
Described fermentation comprises: add 0.05 ‰ in the fructus hippophae muddy flesh aqueous solution that described hydrolysis obtains---the Aspergillus of 1 ‰ mass ratioes, under 20-50 ℃, ferment, and fermentation time 24-72h, the liquid that extracts wherein obtains the fructus hippophae zymotic fluid.
2. natural hippophae tartaric acid according to claim 1 is characterized in that, contains multiple organic acid, and what wherein content was the highest is malic acid, also contains simultaneously multivitamin, Flavonoid substances, protein, phytosterol, Polyphenols, soluble dietary fiber.
3. natural hippophae tartaric acid according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described Aspergillus comprises aspergillus niger, aspergillus flavus and/or aspergillus oryzae.
4. the processing method of a natural organic tartaric acid is characterized in that, take the wild fructus hippophae of fruit-vegetable plant as raw material, comprises the steps:
Through making beating, cellulase and the reaction of hemicellulase complex enzyme biology enzyme, separate, amylorrhexis and Aspergillus biofermentation;
Described cellulase and the reaction of hemicellulase complex enzyme biology enzyme comprise: the water that adds equivalent in the fructus hippophae screenings that described making beating obtains, then the cellulase and the hemicellulase complex enzyme that add pulp slag 0.5 ‰-5 ‰ mass ratio, the ratio of its cellulase and hemicellulase is 1: 9-9: 1, then in 5-50 ℃ of lower reaction 0.5-4 hour, through squeezing, obtain sea buckthorn juice and sea buckthorn juice slag
The sea-buckthorn pulp that described sea buckthorn juice and making beating are obtained mixes, add the pectase of mixed liquor 0.5 ‰-5 ‰ mass ratio and the complex enzyme of protease, wherein the ratio of pectase and protease is 1: 9-9: 1, in 30-60 ℃ of lower reaction 0.5-4 hour, obtain sea-buckthorn pulp or sea buckthorn juice behind the enzymolysis;
Described amylorrhexis comprises: the fructus hippophae muddy flesh that described separation is obtained, be 10 in mass ratio: 1-1: 10 ratio adds water, stir, be warming up to 60-100 ℃, kept 0.1-1 hour, and then be cooled to 40-65 ℃, press again 0.5 ‰-5 ‰ mass ratio adding amylase, react after 0.5-10 hour, obtain the fructus hippophae muddy flesh aqueous solution;
Described fermentation comprises: add 0.05 ‰ in the fructus hippophae muddy flesh aqueous solution that described hydrolysis obtains---the Aspergillus of 1 ‰ mass ratioes, under 20-50 ℃, ferment, and fermentation time 24-72h, the liquid that extracts wherein obtains the fructus hippophae zymotic fluid.
5. processing method according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described making beating comprises: the fresh fructus hippophae after the cleaning is pulled an oar by beater, obtains sea-buckthorn pulp and fructus hippophae screenings.
6. described processing method one of according to claim 4-5, it is characterized in that: the described proportion that is separated into separates.
7. processing method according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, described proportion separates and comprises: with the proportion seperator described cellulase is separated with sea-buckthorn pulp or sea buckthorn juice after hemicellulase complex enzyme biology enzyme reacts enzymolysis, wherein, the pulp temperature is 40-60 ℃ during separation, the separation rotating speed is 2000-8000rpm, obtains refining sea-buckthorn pulp or sea buckthorn juice, hippophae rhamnoides fruit oil and fructus hippophae muddy flesh.
8. processing method according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described method comprises:
(1) making beating:
Fresh fructus hippophae after the cleaning is pulled an oar by beater, obtains sea-buckthorn pulp and fructus hippophae screenings;
(2) biology enzyme reaction:
The water that in the fructus hippophae screenings that step (1) obtains, adds equivalent, then the cellulase and the hemicellulase complex enzyme that add pulp slag 0.5 ‰-5 ‰ mass ratio, the ratio of its cellulase and hemicellulase is 1: 9-9: 1, then in 5-50 ℃ of lower reaction 0.5-4 hour, through squeezing, obtain sea buckthorn juice and sea buckthorn juice slag;
The sea-buckthorn pulp that the sea buckthorn juice that obtains and step (1) are obtained mixes, add the pectase of mixed liquor 0.5 ‰-5 ‰ mass ratio and the complex enzyme of protease, wherein the ratio of pectase and protease is 1: 9-9: 1, in 30-60 ℃ of lower reaction 0.5-4 hour, obtain sea-buckthorn pulp or sea buckthorn juice behind the enzymolysis;
(3) separate: separate with sea-buckthorn pulp or the sea buckthorn juice of proportion seperator after with above-mentioned enzymolysis, wherein, the pulp temperature is 40-60 ℃ during separation, and the separation rotating speed is 2000-8000rpm, obtains refining sea-buckthorn pulp or sea buckthorn juice, hippophae rhamnoides fruit oil and fructus hippophae muddy flesh;
(4) hydrolysis:
The fructus hippophae muddy flesh that step (3) is obtained, be 10 in mass ratio: 1-1: 10 ratio adds water, stir, be warming up to 60-100 ℃, kept 0.1-1 hour, and then be cooled to 40-65 ℃, press again 0.5 ‰-5 ‰ mass ratio adding amylase, react after 0.5-10 hour, obtain the fructus hippophae muddy flesh aqueous solution;
(5) fermentation:
In the fructus hippophae muddy flesh aqueous solution that step (4) obtains, add 0.05 ‰---the Aspergillus of 1 ‰ mass ratioes, under 20-50 ℃, ferment, fermentation time 24-72h, the liquid that extracts wherein obtains the fructus hippophae zymotic fluid.
9. processing method according to claim 8 is characterized in that, described method also comprises
(6): filtering and concentrating
With described refining sea-buckthorn pulp or sea buckthorn juice and the merging of described fructus hippophae zymotic fluid, behind atlapulgite plate-frame filtering and membrane filtration, obtain the organic acid clear liquid, after concentrating by evaporimeter again, obtain the natural hippophae tartaric acid.
10. according to claim 4 or 8 described processing methods, it is characterized in that, described Aspergillus comprises aspergillus niger, aspergillus flavus and/or aspergillus oryzae.
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| CN110643582A (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2020-01-03 | 浙江工业大学 | Method for extracting SOD from fresh sea-buckthorn fruit |
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| US20130345309A1 (en) * | 2012-06-21 | 2013-12-26 | Epc (Beijing) Natural Products Co., Ltd. | Malic acid-enriched plant extract |
| CN104293587B (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2016-04-13 | 承德宇航人高山植物应用技术有限责任公司 | A kind of sea buckthorn fruit wine and preparation method thereof |
| CN110876407A (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2020-03-13 | 厦门闽得友食品科技有限公司 | Compound acidity regulator and preparation process thereof |
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| CN102038043A (en) * | 2009-10-13 | 2011-05-04 | 新疆大学 | Method for extracting hippophae rhamnoides oil by enzymolysis |
| CN101705145B (en) * | 2009-11-20 | 2012-01-25 | 承德宇航人高山植物应用技术有限责任公司 | New method for separating and extracting seabuckthorn fruit oil |
| CN101889705B (en) * | 2010-07-15 | 2013-04-24 | 天人果汁集团股份有限公司 | Process for producing concentrated sea-buckthorn clear juice |
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| CN110643582A (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2020-01-03 | 浙江工业大学 | Method for extracting SOD from fresh sea-buckthorn fruit |
| CN110643582B (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2021-07-27 | 浙江工业大学 | Method for extracting SOD from fresh sea-buckthorn fruit |
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