CN101999285A - Method for cultivating gingers completely covered by rice straws and wheat straws - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for cultivating gingers completely covered by rice straws and wheat straws. The method comprises the following steps of: finely ploughing; performing fertilization according to formula; selecting seeds; sprouting; sowing the seeds; covering the seeds by straws; irrigating and draining; building a shed for sun shading; after manuring; preventing and controlling plant diseases and insect damage; and harvesting and storing the gingers. The fruits of the gingers cultivated by the method are big because the fruits are not extruded by soil, the harvested fruits of sweet potatoes are uniform in size and smooth in skin, the yield is increased, and the products are pollution-free and have high commodity value.

Description

A kind of straw, the method for wheat straw all standing cultivation ginger

Technical field

The present invention relates to the arviculture technical field, be specially a kind of straw, the method for wheat straw all standing cultivation ginger.

Background technology

Ginger You Ming Ginger, ginger, yellow ginger, Zingiberaceae.Ginger for food, except that carbohydrate containing, protein, also contains gingerol, zingerone, salad oil and zingiberol etc. with fleshy root, because of containing special fragrance, can make fragrant hot condiment.Also can be processed into Jiang Gan, sugared ginger slices, salty ginger splices, ginger powder, ginger juice, ginger wine and sugaring, saucing, also can make spices and medicinal material in addition.Ginger have be good for the stomach, the effect of dehumidifying, dispelling cold, pharmaceutically be good diaphoretic and antipoison.

Ginger is asexually propagated crop, and in the long-term process of nourishing and generating, intramatrical infection has also accumulated multiple virus, causes output reduction, quality decline, resistance to weaken, and causes multiple diseases and takes place, and bring great economic loss to Jiang Nong every year.So the artificial cultivation ginger must be selected virus-elimination seedlings, can improve the ginger quality like this, reduce the incidence of disease, the commodity and the economic benefit that improve ginger are significant.

Summary of the invention

The invention discloses a kind of straw, the method for wheat straw all standing cultivation ginger, the ginger fruit that the inventive method is cultivated expands because overstock by soil, the ginger fruit of gathering in the crops size evenly, epidermis is smooth, and has improved output, product is pollution-free, and commodity increases substantially.

The present invention adopts following technical scheme for achieving the above object:

A kind of straw, the method for wheat straw all standing cultivation ginger is characterized in that: may further comprise the steps:

(1) meticulous whole ground, rational application of fertilizers

Plough deeply weathering soil before the winter, when ploughing, execute the fertilizer 2800-3200 kilogram superphosphate 28-32 kilogram that becomes thoroughly decomposed for every mu and do base and execute, base manure applies whole ground, back, can make flat furrow, also can ditch and wait to broadcast;

(2) select for use high yield, high-quality, detoxification ginger kind that disease resistance is strong to put into the storage of well cellar for storing things;

(3) vernalization is sowed preceding about 30 days, take out the vernalization of basking seeds of detoxification kind ginger in the well cellar for storing things, sow preceding 7 days, wash away earth, select fine day to ted kind of piece 1-2 days, after the ginger epidermis being become dry turn white, select the ginger piece that piece is big, color of the leather is good to put into the large bamboo or wicker basket that is lined with straw, head inwardly, tail is put well outwardly from level to level, lid straw screen or mat or straw, tighten with rope, place in greenhouse or the plastic tunnel, the ginger kind is stacked and highly is no more than 80 centimetres, keeps moistening in the basket, germination temperature will be controlled at 21-25 ℃, take out when young shoot is grown 1 centimetre after 20 days, be cut into small pieces, every need have 1-2 bud;

(4) 10ppm gibberellin (920) is adopted in sowing, 0.5ppm the kind ginger piece that the composite aqueous solution of the carbendazim of brassinosteroid and 0.2% will be cut into small pieces soaks directly sowing of back, every mu with kind of a 150-200 kilogram, select suitable seeding method sowing, the kind ginger piece that soaked is swung in the whole good ditch according to certain mode, and cover the thick earth of 2-3cm, at the beginning of the sowing time is the annual 3-4 month;

(5) lid grass mulching straw or wheat straw immediately after the ginger sowing is finished also can be postponed at the ginger seedling back 30 days inner cap grass that are unearthed, and the thickness of lid grass is 13-15 centimetre of optimum, every mu with hay at the 1600-1800 kilogram;

(6) irrigation and draining will be kept dry before after planting emerging, from emerging to results, the unsuitable overdrying of soil, should note draining at plum rain season, after the Beginning of summer, particularly the beginning of autumn is to the Autumnal Equinox, grow the fastest season, irrigate once in good time, irrigation time should grasp the sky cold, cool, carry out when water is cool, irrigate deeply not to water that ponding is principle.

(7) scaffolding sunshade at insemination and emergence, rice shoot up to 15 centimetres after, should be barricaded as high about 1.5 meters flat frame, the sparse weeds of bedding on the frame, block part sunlight, reduce exposure intensity, to autumn intensity of illumination weaken, remove sunshade again,, improve output to increase photosynthesis;

(8) topdress and in vegetative period, topdress 2-3 time, chase after 2 fertilizer can emit bud, steal ginger, fruit expanding period is carried out, every mu with ammonium sulfate 25-30 kilogram or night soil 1500-2500 kilogram, with colza cake or soya-bean cake fertilizer efficiency fully and lasting, cake fertilizer especially;

(9) extermination of disease and insect pest

Control ginger rot (ginger plague) method: (1) carries out the rotation cropping more than 3 years, (2) anosis ginger kind is selected in strictness for use, carry out kind of a piece sterilization, (3) select draining, the cultivation of fertile loose soil, hold drain ditch in the field successfully, (4) in time pull out primary infection focus, and the sterilization that limes around the diseased plant, (5) morbidity back is in time gloomyly pressed 1000 times of liquid and is sprayed 2～3 times with 50% generation;

(10) storage of gathering

When 2/3 flavescence of field cauline leaf, the stem tuber maturation is best results periods during the epidermis hardening, and harvest time is before and after the Frost's Descent.

The present invention adopts straw or wheat straw all standing cultivation ginger technology to have following clear superiority:

1, straw or wheat straw all standing cultivation ginger technology has changed the original growing environment of ginger, the ginger root system is grown in absorbs nutrition in the soil, and the fruit knot is on soil and below the grass, the ginger fruit expands because overstock by soil, the sweet potato fruit of gathering in the crops size evenly, epidermis is smooth, and commodity increases substantially;

2, straw or wheat straw all standing cultivation ginger technology plays long-term maintenance soil moisture, is beneficial to the ginger growth and obtains high yield;

3, straw or wheat straw all standing cultivation ginger technology plays grass microbial ecological balance down, improves the disease resistance of ginger, and the whole growth phase does not need to use agricultural chemicals;

4, straw or wheat straw all standing cultivation ginger technology plays cultivation field ground weeds and can't grow because of grass covers, so the whole growth phase does not need artificial weeding, saves a large amount of artificial;

5, the invention solves a large amount of straw and a wheat straw Air environment difficult problem, the grass after the results is in half rotten state substantially, can improve the soil, and is beneficial to the second stubble crop growth;

6, straw of the present invention or wheat straw all standing cultivation ginger technology is fit to cultivation in all parts of the country.

Claims (1)

1. straw, the method for wheat straw all standing cultivation ginger is characterized in that: may further comprise the steps:

(1) meticulous whole ground, rational application of fertilizers

Plough deeply weathering soil before the winter, when ploughing, execute the fertilizer 2800-3200 kilogram superphosphate 28-32 kilogram that becomes thoroughly decomposed for every mu and do base and execute, base manure applies whole ground, back, can make flat furrow, also can ditch and wait to broadcast;

(2) select for use high yield, high-quality, detoxification ginger kind that disease resistance is strong to put into the storage of well cellar for storing things;

(3) vernalization is sowed preceding about 30 days, take out the vernalization of basking seeds of detoxification kind ginger in the well cellar for storing things, sow preceding 7 days, wash away earth, select fine day to ted kind of piece 1-2 days, after the ginger epidermis being become dry turn white, select the ginger piece that piece is big, color of the leather is good to put into the large bamboo or wicker basket that is lined with straw, head inwardly, tail is put well outwardly from level to level, lid straw screen or mat or straw, tighten with rope, place in greenhouse or the plastic tunnel, the ginger kind is stacked and highly is no more than 80 centimetres, keeps moistening in the basket, germination temperature will be controlled at 21-25 ℃, take out when young shoot is grown 1 centimetre after 20 days, be cut into small pieces, every need have 1-2 bud;

(4) 10ppm gibberellin (920) is adopted in sowing, 0.5ppm the kind ginger piece that the composite aqueous solution of carbendazim of brassinosteroid (BR) and 0.2% will be cut into small pieces soaks directly sowing of back, every mu with kind of a 150-200 kilogram, select suitable seeding method sowing, the kind ginger piece that soaked is swung in the whole good ditch according to certain mode, and cover the thick earth of 2-3cm, at the beginning of the sowing time is the annual 3-4 month;

(5) lid grass mulching straw or wheat straw immediately after the ginger sowing is finished also can be postponed at the ginger seedling back 30 days inner cap grass that are unearthed, and the thickness of lid grass is 13-15 centimetre of optimum, every mu with hay at the 1600-1800 kilogram;

(6) irrigation and draining will be kept dry before after planting emerging, from emerging to results, the unsuitable overdrying of soil, should note draining at plum rain season, after the Beginning of summer, particularly the beginning of autumn is to the Autumnal Equinox, grow the fastest season, irrigate once in good time, irrigation time should grasp the sky cold, cool, carry out when water is cool, irrigate deeply not to water that ponding is principle.

(7) scaffolding sunshade at insemination and emergence, rice shoot up to 15 centimetres after, should be barricaded as high about 1.5 meters flat frame, the sparse weeds of bedding on the frame, block part sunlight, reduce exposure intensity, to autumn intensity of illumination weaken, remove sunshade again,, improve output to increase photosynthesis;

(8) topdress and in vegetative period, topdress 2-3 time, chase after 2 fertilizer can emit bud, steal ginger, fruit expanding period is carried out, every mu with ammonium sulfate 25-30 kilogram or night soil 1500-2500 kilogram, with colza cake or soya-bean cake fertilizer efficiency fully and lasting, cake fertilizer especially;

(9) extermination of disease and insect pest

Control ginger rot (ginger plague) method: (1) carries out the rotation cropping more than 3 years, (2) anosis ginger kind is selected in strictness for use, carry out kind of a piece sterilization, (3) select draining, the cultivation of fertile loose soil, hold drain ditch in the field successfully, (4) in time pull out primary infection focus, and the sterilization that limes around the diseased plant, (5) morbidity back is in time gloomyly pressed 1000 times of liquid and is sprayed 2～3 times with 50% generation;

(10) storage of gathering

When 2/3 flavescence of field cauline leaf, the stem tuber maturation is best results periods during the epidermis hardening, and harvest time is before and after the Frost's Descent.