CN101925663A - 粘接剂组合物、电路连接用粘接剂、连接体及半导体装置 - Google Patents
粘接剂组合物、电路连接用粘接剂、连接体及半导体装置 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供一种粘接剂组合物,以及使用其的电路连接用粘接剂、连接体及半导体装置,该粘接剂组合物即便在低温且短时间内固化的情况下也显示出充足的粘接性,即便在高温高湿条件下长时间暴露连接体之后连接可靠性也高,进而贮藏稳定性优良,其具有(a)热塑性树脂、(b)一分子中具有2个以上的(甲基)丙烯酰基及2个以上的氨基甲酸酯键且重均分子量为10000以上的自由基聚合性化合物及(c)自由基聚合引发剂。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及粘接剂组合物及使用其的电路连接用粘接剂、连接体、半导体装置。
背景技术
在半导体元件及液晶显示元件中,出于使元件中的各种构件结合的目的一直以来使用各种粘接剂。对于粘接剂所要求的特性而言,除了粘接性以外,还涉及耐热性、高温高湿状态下的可靠性等多方面。而且,对于用于粘接的被粘接体而言,除了印刷电路板和聚酰亚胺等有机基材以外,还使用铜、铝等金属以及ITO、SiN、SiO2等具有多种多样的表面状态的基材。因此,需要配合各被粘接体对粘接剂进行分子设计。
以往,作为所述半导体元件和液晶显示元件用的粘接剂,以使用了显示出高粘接性且高可靠性的环氧树脂的热固性树脂为主流(例如参照专利文献1)。作为这样的树脂,一般使用包含环氧树脂、具有与环氧树脂的反应性的酚树脂等固化剂、以及促进环氧树脂与固化剂的反应的热潜伏性催化剂来作为构成成分的树脂。热潜伏性催化剂是决定固化温度及固化速度的重要因子,从室温下的贮藏稳定性和加热时的固化速度的观点来看,可以使用各种化合物。对于实际工序中的固化条件而言,通过在170~250℃的温度下固化1~3小时,能够得到所期望的粘接性。
近年,伴随半导体元件的高集成化、液晶元件的高精细化,元件间及配线间的间距在变小。因此,在上述的条件下进行热处理的场合,由于固化时的加热存在对周边的构件造成不良影响的可能。进一步地,为了低成本化,存在提高生产量的必要性,要求低温(100~170℃)、短时间(1小时以内,优选数秒以内),换言之“低温快速固化”下的粘接。为了达成该低温快速固化,虽然也存在使用活化能低的热潜伏性催化剂的情况,但是已知此时粘接剂很难兼备室温附近下的贮藏稳定性。
最近,并用丙烯酸酯衍生物或甲基丙烯酸酯衍生物(以后称之为“(甲基)丙烯酸酯”衍生物)与作为自由基聚合引发剂的过氧化物的自由基固化型粘接剂受到注目(例如参照专利文献2)。
另一方面,对于自由基固化系的粘接剂而言,由于固化时的固化收缩大,与使用环氧树脂的场合相比,存在粘接强度差的问题。作为粘接强度的改良方法,提出了使用通过醚键赋予了柔软性及挠性的氨基甲酸酯丙烯酸酯化合物来作为自由基聚合性化合物的方法(参照专利文献3、4)。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1:日本特开平01-113480号公报
专利文献2:日本特开2002-203427号公报
专利文献3:日本特许第3522634号公报
专利文献4:日本特开2002-285128号公报
发明内容
发明要解决的问题
然而,在使用专利文献3、4等记载的现有的自由基固化系粘接剂的场合,存在着固化后的弹性模量和玻璃化转变温度等粘接剂物性降低、进而吸水率上升和耐水解性降低等问题。因此,当对于在高温高湿条件(例如85℃/85%RH)下长时间暴露后也要求具有稳定的性能的半导体元件和液晶显示元件使用该粘接剂的场合,存在着在可靠性实验后粘接力和连接电阻等特性恶化的问题。
本发明的目的在于,提供粘接剂组合物及使用其的电路连接用粘接剂、连接体及半导体装置,该粘接剂组合物即便是在低温且短时间内固化的情况下也显示出充足的粘接性,即便是在高温高湿条件(例如85℃/85%RH)下长时间暴露连接体后连接可靠性也高,进而贮藏稳定性也优良。
解决问题的方案
本发明鉴于上述原因,提供粘接剂组合物,含有(a)热塑性树脂、(b)一分子中具有2个以上的(甲基)丙烯酰基和2个以上的氨基甲酸酯键且重均分子量为10000以上的自由基聚合性化合物(以下也仅称之为“(b)自由基聚合性化合物”)、以及(c)自由基聚合引发剂。
根据这样的粘接剂组合物,即便是在低温短时间内使其固化的场合,也显示出充足的粘接性,即便是在高温高湿条件下长时间暴露连接体后连接可靠性也高,进而贮藏稳定性也优良。
优选本发明的粘接剂组合物对于100重量份的(a)热塑性树脂,具有10~250重量份的(b)自由基聚合性化合物、0.05~30重量份的(c)自由基聚合引发剂。
优选本发明的粘接剂组合物对于100重量份的(a)热塑性树脂,还具有0.1~20重量份的(d)分子内至少具有1个以上的磷酸基的乙烯基化合物。
优选本发明的粘接剂组合物还含有(e)导电性粒子。
本发明还提供电路连接用粘接剂,其为用于介于具有相对的电路电极的基板间、且以使所述相对的电路电极彼此电连接的方式使所述基板彼此粘接的电路连接用粘接剂,由上述本发明的粘接剂组合物制成。
对于这样的电路连接用粘接剂而言,由于使用了本发明的粘接剂组合物,即便是在低温短时间内使其固化的场合,也显示出充足的粘接性,即便是在高温高湿条件下长时间暴露连接体后,连接可靠性也高,进而贮藏稳定性也优良。
本发明还提供连接体,其通过如下制成:使具有第一电路电极的第一基板和具有第二电路电极的第二基板按照使第一电路电极和第二电路电极相对的方式配置,使上述本发明的电路连接用粘接剂介于相对配置的第一基板和第二基板间,加热加压,使第一电路电极和第二电路电极电连接。
本发明还提供半导体装置,其通过如下制成:使上述本发明的电路连接用粘接剂介于相对配置的半导体元件和半导体搭载用基板间,加热加压,使半导体元件和半导体搭载用基板电连接。
对于这样的连接体和半导体装置而言,由于使用了本发明的电路连接用粘接剂,充足的粘接性充足地高,即便是在高温高湿条件下长时间暴露后连接可靠性也很高。
发明效果
根据本发明,能够提供即便是在低温短时间内使其固化的场合,也能够得到充足的粘接性及连接可靠性、进而贮藏稳定性也优良的粘接剂组合物,以及使用其的电路连接用粘接剂、连接体及半导体装置。
具体实施方式
以下对本发明进行详细的说明,但本发明并不限定于此。此外,在本说明书中,所谓(甲基)丙烯基((メタ)アクリル),意思是丙烯基(アクリル)及与其对应的甲基丙烯基(ソタクリル),所谓(甲基)丙烯酸酯意思是丙烯酸酯及与其对应的甲基丙烯酸酯,所谓(甲基)丙烯酰基,意思是丙烯酰基及与其对应的甲基丙烯酰基。
而且,在本说明书中,所谓“重均分子量”,是指在以下条件下通过凝胶渗透色谱法(GPC)使用标准聚苯乙烯校准曲线测定。
<GPC条件>
使用机器:日立L-6000型(株式会社日立制作所)
柱:Gel-Pak GL-R420+Gel-Pak GL-R430+Gel-Pak GL-R440(共3根)(日立化成工业株式会社制商品名)
洗提液:四氢呋喃
测定温度:40℃
流量:1.75ml/min
检测器:L-3300RI(株式会社日立制作所)
本发明的粘接剂组合物含有(a)热塑性树脂、(b)自由基聚合性化合物及(c)自由基聚合引发剂。
作为(a)热塑性树脂,能够没有特别限制地使用公知的物质。作为这种树脂,能够使用聚酰亚胺、聚酰胺、苯氧基树脂类、聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯类、聚酰亚胺类、聚氨酯类(氨基甲酸酯树脂类)、聚酯类、聚乙烯醇缩丁醛类、聚氨酯酯类等。这些能够单独或两种以上混合使用,尤其优选的是并用苯氧基树脂和氨基甲酸酯树脂。
而且,这些树脂中也可含有硅氧烷键和氟取代基。只要是所混合的树脂之间完全相溶或微相分离而产生白浊的状态,就能够适宜地使用这些树脂。
上述热塑性树脂的分子量越大越容易得到膜形成性,而且能够将影响作为粘接剂的流动性的熔融粘度设定为宽的范围。虽然分子量没有特别地限制,但作为一般的重均分子量,优选为5000~150000,尤其优选为10000~80000。该值如不足5000,则存在膜形成性劣化的倾向,另外如果超过150000,存在与其他成分的相溶性变差的倾向。
(b)自由基聚合性化合物为一分子中具有2个以上的(甲基)丙烯酰基及2个以上的氨基甲酸酯键且重均分子量为10000以上的物质,从耐热性、流动性、粘接性的观点来看,优选为包含选自下述通式(A)、下述通式(B)的至少一个以上的构造的化合物。
优选(b)自由基聚合性化合物的重均分子量(Mw)为10000~60000,尤其优选为30000~50000。
Mw如不足10000,则由固化收缩导致粘接力降低,如超过60000,则存在交联密度降低、连接可靠性降低的可能。
由于Mw为10000以上的(b)自由基聚合性化合物为高分子量物质,在作为反应性成分的同时,能够期待发挥出与(a)热塑性树脂等同或与其类似的特性,膜成形性、流动性和粘接力的提高等膜的设计裕度变宽,因此是优选的。
就(b)自由基聚合性化合物的含有量而言,对于100重量份的(a)热塑性树脂,优选为10~250重量份,更优选为30~150重量份。
在(b)自由基聚合性化合物的含有量不足10重量份的场合,固化后的耐热性可能降低,而且在为250重量份以上的场合,存在在作为膜使用的场合膜形成性降低的可能。
作为(c)自由基聚合引发剂,虽然能够使用现有已知的过氧化物和偶氮化合物等公知的化合物,但从稳定性、反应性、相溶性的观点来看,优选1分钟半衰期温度为90~175℃,且分子量为180~1000的过氧化酯衍生物。
作为其具体的例子,可以列举出:过氧化新癸酸异丙苯酯、过氧化新癸酸-1,1,3,3-四甲基丁酯、过氧化新癸酸-1-环己基-1-甲基乙酯、过氧化新癸酸叔己酯、过氧化新癸酸叔丁酯、过氧化新戊酸叔丁酯、过氧化-2-乙基己酸-1,1,3,3-四甲基丁酯、2,5-二甲基-2,5-二(2-乙基己酰过氧化)己烷、过氧化-2-乙基己酸叔己酯、过氧化-2-乙基己酸叔丁酯、过氧化新庚酸叔丁酯、过氧化-2-乙基己酸叔戊酯、过氧化六氢化对苯二甲酸二叔丁酯、过氧化-3,5,5-三甲基己酸叔戊酯、过氧化新癸酸-3-羟基-1,1-二甲基丁酯、过氧化-2-乙基己酸-1,1,3,3-甲基丁酯、过氧化新癸酸叔戊酯、过氧化-2-乙基己酸叔戊酯、2,2’-偶氮二-2,4-二甲基戊腈、1,1’-偶氮二(1-乙酰氧基-1-苯基乙烷)、2,2’-偶氮二异丁腈、2,2’-偶氮二(2-甲基丁腈)、二甲基-2,2’-偶氮二异丁腈、4,4’-偶氮二(4-氰基戊酸)、1,1’-偶氮二(1-环己甲腈)、过氧化异丙基单碳酸叔己酯、过氧化马来酸叔丁酯、过氧化-3,5,5-三甲基己酸叔丁酯、过氧化月桂酸叔丁酯、2,5-二甲基-2,5-二(3-甲基苯甲酰基过氧化)己烷、过氧化-2-乙基己基单碳酸叔丁酯、过氧化苯甲酸叔己酯、2,5-二甲基-2,5-二(苯甲酰过氧化)己烷、过氧化苯甲酸叔丁酯、过氧化三甲基己二酸二丁酯、过氧化正辛酸叔戊酯、过氧化异壬酸叔戊酯、过氧化苯甲酸叔戊酯等。这些化合物可单独使用,也可混合两种以上的化合物而使用。
(c)自由基聚合引发剂的含有量,对于100重量份的(a)热塑性树脂,优选为0.05~30重量份,更优选为0.1~20重量份。
含有量不足0.05重量份时,可能发生固化不足,另外,超过30重量份时,存在放置稳定性降低的可能。
本发明的粘接剂组合物,优选含有(d)分子内具有至少1个以上的磷酸基的乙烯基化合物。作为(d)分子内具有至少1个以上的磷酸基的乙烯基化合物,虽然没有特别限制地可以使用公知的物质,但优选为下述通式(1)~(3)表示的化合物。
通式(1)中,R1表示丙烯酰基或甲基丙烯酰基,R2表示氢或甲基,m、n分别独立地表示1~8的整数。
通式(2)中,R3表示丙烯酰基或甲基丙烯酰基,1表示1~8的整数,m、n分别独立地表示1~8的整数。
通式(3)中,R4表示丙烯酰基或甲基丙烯酰基,R5表示氢或甲基,p、q分别独立地表示1~8的整数。
作为其具体例子,可以列举出酸式磷氧基乙基甲基丙烯酸酯(acidphosphoxy ethyl metacrylate)、酸式磷氧基乙基丙烯酸酯、酸式磷氧基丙基甲基丙烯酸酯、酸式磷氧基聚氧乙二醇单甲基丙烯酸酯、酸式磷氧基聚氧丙二醇单甲基丙烯酸酯、2,2’-二(甲基)丙烯酰氧基二乙基磷酸酯、EO(环氧乙烷)改性磷酸二甲基丙烯酸酯、磷酸改性环氧丙烯酸酯等。
(d)分子内具有至少1个以上的磷酸基的乙烯基化合物的含有量,对于100重量份的(a)热塑性树脂,优选为0.1~20重量份,更优选为0.5~10重量份。
含有量不足0.1重量份时,粘接强度的提高效果具有降低的倾向,同时超过20重量份时,存在着固化后的粘接剂的物性降低、连接可靠性降低的可能。
优选本发明的粘接组合物含有(e)导电性粒子。作为(e)导电性粒子,可以列举出Au、Ag、Ni、Cu、焊锡等金属粒子和碳等。
而且,也可为以非导电性的玻璃、陶瓷、塑料等为核,在该核上被覆所述金属、金属粒子和碳而成的粒子。
由于在以塑料为核且在该核上被覆所述金属、金属粒子和碳而成的导电性粒子和如焊锡那样的热熔融金属粒子的场合,由于通过加热加压具有变形性,所以连接时与电极的接触面积增加,吸收电极厚度的偏差,提高连接可靠性,因此是优选的。
而且对于进一步用高分子树脂、微粒等被覆这些导电性粒子的表面而成的导电性粒子而言,由于能够抑制在增加导电性粒子配合量时因粒子之间接触而引起的短路、提高电极电路间的绝缘性,因此也可适宜地单独使用或与导电性粒子混合使用。
对于这些导电性粒子的平均粒径而言,从分散性、导电性的观点来看,优选为1~18μm。虽然导电性粒子的含有量没有特别地受到限制,但以全体粘接剂组合物为基准优选设为0.1~30体积%,更优选设为0.1~10体积%。
如该值不足0.1体积%,则存在导电性劣化的倾向,如超过30体积%,则存在易于发生电路短路的倾向。
此外,“体积%”以23℃下的固化前的各成分的体积为基础而确定,各成分的体积能够利用比重从重量换算成体积。而且,也能够在量筒等中加入不溶解该成分也不使其溶胀、能充分润湿该成分的适当的溶剂(水、醇等),以投入该成分而增加的体积作为其体积而求出。
在本发明的粘接剂组合物中,能够与上述(b)自由基聚合性化合物并用而使用(b)成分以外的自由基聚合性化合物。作为这样的自由基聚合性化合物,只要为如苯乙烯衍生物或马来酰亚胺衍生物这样的可通过自由基来聚合的化合物,就能够没有特别限制地使用公知的物质。
作为其具体例子,可以列举环氧(甲基)丙烯酸酯低聚物、聚醚(甲基)丙烯酸酯低聚物、聚酯(甲基)丙烯酸酯低聚物等低聚物、三羟甲基丙烷三(甲基)丙烯酸酯、聚乙二醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、聚亚烷基二醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、(甲基)丙烯酸二环戊烯基酯、(甲基)丙烯酸二环戊烯氧基乙酯、二(甲基)丙烯酸新戊二醇酯、六(甲基)丙烯酸二季戊四醇酯、异三聚氰酸改性2官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯、异三聚氰酸改性3官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯等多官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯化合物,尤其优选并用3官能以上的(甲基)丙烯酸酯与(b)自由基聚合性化合物。
而且以调节流动性为目的,也能够使用单官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯。作为其具体例子,可以列举出(甲基)丙烯酸季戊四醇酯、(甲基)丙烯酸-2-氰乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸环己酯、(甲基)丙烯酸二环戊烯基酯、(甲基)丙烯酸二环戊烯氧基乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸-2-(2-乙氧基乙氧基)乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸-2-乙氧基乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸-2-乙基己酯、(甲基)丙烯酸正己酯、(甲基)丙烯酸-2-羟基乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸羟基丙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸异冰片酯、(甲基)丙烯酸异癸酯、(甲基)丙烯酸异辛酯、(甲基)丙烯酸正月桂酯、(甲基)丙烯酸-2-甲氧基乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸-2-苯氧基乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸四氢糠酯、磷酸-2-(甲基)丙烯酰氧基乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸-N,N-二甲基氨基乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸-N,N-二甲基氨基乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸-N,N-二甲基氨基丙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸-N,N-二甲基氨基丙酯、(甲基)丙烯酰吗啉等。这些化合物可单独使用,也可根据需要混合多个化合物使用。
在本发明的粘接剂组合物中,以提高交联率为目的,除了上述具有(甲基)丙烯酰基的化合物之外,也可适宜地添加具有烯丙基、马来酰亚胺基、乙烯基等通过活性自由基而聚合的官能团的化合物。
作为其具体例子,可以列举出N-乙烯基咪唑啉、N-乙烯基吡啶、N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮、N-乙烯基甲酰胺、N-乙烯基己内酰胺、4,4’-亚乙烯基(N,N-二甲基苯胺)、N-乙烯基乙酰胺、N,N-二甲基丙烯酰胺、N-异丙基丙烯酰胺、N,N-二乙基丙烯酰胺、丙烯酰胺等。
在本发明的粘接剂组合物中,为了控制固化速度以及赋予贮藏稳定性,能够添加稳定剂。
作为这样的稳定剂,可以没有特别限制地能够使用公知的化合物,优选为苯醌和对苯二酚等醌衍生物、4-甲氧基苯酚和4-叔丁基邻苯二酚等酚衍生物、2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶-1-氧基和4-羟基-2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶-1-氧基等氨氧基衍生物,甲基丙烯酸四甲基哌啶基酯等受阻胺衍生物。
添加稳定剂时的其添加量,对于100重量份的(a)热塑性树脂,优选为0.01~30重量份,更优选为0.05~10重量份。含有量不足0.01重量份时,添加效果可能显著地降低,另外,为30重量份以上时,存在与其他成分的相溶性降低的可能。
在本发明的粘接剂组合物中,也可适宜地添加以烷氧基硅烷衍生物和硅氮烷衍生物为代表的偶联剂及密合促进剂、流平剂等粘接助剂。
在本发明的粘接剂组合物中,也可以出于缓和应力和提高粘接性的目的而添加橡胶成分。
作为其具体例子,可以列举出聚异戊二烯、聚丁二烯、端羧基聚丁二烯、端羟基聚丁二烯、1,2-聚丁二烯、端羧基1,2-聚丁二烯、端羟基1,2-聚丁二烯、丙烯酸橡胶、苯乙烯-丁二烯橡胶、端羟基苯乙烯-丁二烯橡胶、丙烯腈-丁二烯橡胶、聚合物末端含有羧基、羟基、(甲基)丙烯酰基或吗啉基的丙烯腈-丁二烯橡胶、羧基化丁腈橡胶、端羟基聚(氧化丙烯)、烷氧基甲硅烷基末端的聚(氧化丙烯)、聚(氧四亚甲基)二醇、聚烯烃二醇、聚-ε-己内酯等。
作为上述橡胶成分,从提高粘接性的观点来看,优选在侧链或末端含有作为高极性基团的氰基、羧基的橡胶成分,进一步地从提高流动性的观点来看,更优选为液状橡胶。作为其具体例子,可以列举出液状丙烯腈-丁二烯橡胶,聚合物末端含有羧基、羟基、(甲基)丙烯酰基或吗啉基的液状丙烯腈-丁二烯橡胶,液状羧基化丁腈橡胶,极性基团丙烯酰基的含有量优选为10~60重量%。这些化合物可单独使用,也可混合2种以上的化合物使用。
对于本发明的粘接剂组合物而言,在常温(25℃)下为液状的场合能够作为糊状粘接剂使用。在常温(25℃)下为固体的场合,除了加热使用,也能使用溶剂使其糊剂化,而作为糊状粘接剂使用。
作为能够使用的溶剂,只要为与粘接剂组合物及添加剂的反应性充分地小且显示出充分的溶解性的物质就没有特别限制,优选为常压下的沸点为50~150℃的溶剂。在沸点为50℃以下的场合,存在如在室温下放置就会挥发的可能、在开放体系中的使用受到限制。另外,如沸点为150℃以上,则难以使溶剂挥发,存在对粘接后的可靠性造成不良影响的可能。
本发明的粘接剂组合物也可以作为膜状粘接剂使用。膜状粘接剂能够通过,例如在氟树脂膜、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯膜、脱模纸等剥离性基材上涂布根据需要向粘接剂组合物添加溶剂等而成的溶液,或使所述溶液浸透于无纺布等基材中、载置于剥离性基材上,去除溶剂等而制作。如以膜形状使用,从可处理性等观点来看更加便利。
上述糊状粘接剂及膜状粘接剂尤其是作为电路连接用粘接剂能够适宜地使用。
本发明的电路连接用粘接剂能够并用加热及加压而使其粘接。加热温度虽然没有特别限制,但优选为100~210℃。对压力而言,只要为不对被粘接体造成损伤的范围就没有特别限制,一般来说优选为0.1~10MPa。该加热及加压优选在0.5~120秒的范围内进行,140~170℃、3MPa、10秒的加热也能够使其粘接。
本发明的电路连接用粘接剂能够作为热膨胀系数不同的不同种类被粘接体的粘接剂而使用。具体而言,能够作为以各向异性导电粘接剂、银糊剂、银膜等为代表的电路连接材料,以CSP用弹性体、CSP用底部填充材料、LOC胶带等为代表的半导体元件粘接材料使用。
本发明的连接体为以使第一电路电极与第二电路电极相对的方式配置具有第一电路电极的第一基板及具有第二电路电极的第二基板,使上述本发明的电路连接用粘接剂介于相对配置的第一基板和第二基板之间,加热加压,使第一电路电极和第二电路电极电连接而成。
作为形成电路电极的基板,能够适用半导体、玻璃、陶瓷等无机材料、聚酰亚胺树脂、聚碳酸酯树脂、聚酯树脂、聚醚砜树脂等有机物、玻璃纤维/环氧树脂等复合材料的各种组合。
实施例
以下,虽然基于实施例具体地说明本发明,但本发明并不限定于此。
(氨基甲酸酯丙烯酸酯(U-1)的合成)
在向具有搅拌机、温度计、冷却管或空气气体导入管的反应容器中导入空气气体后,装入238重量份(2.05摩尔)的丙烯酸-2-羟基乙酯、4000重量份(2摩尔)的数均分子量为2000的聚六亚甲基碳酸酯二醇(Aldrich公司制造)、0.49重量份的对苯二酚单甲醚、6.35重量份的二月桂酸二丁基锡,加热至90~100℃,在3小时内均匀地滴加666重量份(3摩尔)的异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯,进行反应。
完成滴加后继续进行约24小时反应,通过IR测定确认异氰酸酯消失,结束反应,得到重均分子量为45000的氨基甲酸酯丙烯酸酯(U-1)。
(氨基甲酸酯丙烯酸酯(U-2)的合成)
在向具有搅拌机、温度计、冷却管或空气气体导入管的反应容器中导入空气气体后,装入238重量份(2.05摩尔)的丙烯酸-2-羟基乙酯、1800重量份(2摩尔)的数均分子量为900的聚(乙二醇)二醇(Aldrich公司制造)、0.27重量份的对苯二酚单甲醚、2.70重量份的二月桂酸二丁基锡,加热至70~75℃,在3小时内均匀地滴加666重量份(3摩尔)的异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯,进行反应。
完成滴加后继续进行约15小时反应,通过IR测定确认异氰酸酯消失,结束反应,得到重均分子量为4800的氨基甲酸酯丙烯酸酯(U-2)。
(实施例1、比较例1)
作为(a)热塑性树脂,使用苯氧基树脂及氨基甲酸酯树脂。
作为苯氧基树脂,使用将40g苯氧基树脂(PKHC,联合碳公司制商品名,平均分子量45000)溶解于60g丁酮而制成的固含量40重量%的溶液。
另外,作为氨基甲酸酯树脂,使用将450重量份的平均分子量为2000的聚己二酸丁二酯二醇与450重量份的平均分子量为2000的聚氧四亚甲基二醇、100重量份的1,4-丁二醇在4000重量份的丁酮中混合均匀,加入390重量份的二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯,在70℃下使之反应而得到的重均分子量为35万的氨基甲酸酯树脂。
作为(b)自由基聚合性化合物,使用分别将50g上述U-1(重均分子量为45000)或U-2(重均分子量为4800)溶解于50g丁酮而形成的固含量为50重量%的溶液。
而且,作为(b)成分以外的自由基聚合性化合物,使用三丙烯酸季戊四醇酯(NK酯A-TMM-3L,新中村化学工业株式会社制商品名)。
作为(c)自由基聚合引发剂,使用过氧化-2-乙基己酸叔己酯(PerhexylO,日本油脂株式会社商品名)。
作为(d)分子内具有至少1个以上的磷酸基的乙烯基化合物,使用磷酸2-(甲基)丙烯酰氧基乙酯(光酯(ライトエステル)P-2M,共荣社化学株式会社制商品名)。
作为(e)导电性粒子,使用在以聚苯乙烯为核的粒子的表面设有厚度为0.2μm的镍层、在该镍层的外侧设置厚度为0.02μm的金层来制作的平均粒径为4μm、比重为2.5的导电性粒子。
以表1所示的固体重量比混合上述成分,进一步以1.5体积%混合分散(e)导电性粒子。使用涂布装置将所得分散液涂布于厚度为80μm的氟树脂膜上,通过70℃下、10分钟的热风干燥得到粘接剂层厚度为15μm的膜状粘接剂。
(实施例2、比较例2)
作为(a)热塑性树脂,使用苯氧基树脂及氨基甲酸酯树脂。
作为苯氧基树脂,使用将40g苯氧基树脂(PKHC,联合碳公司制商品名,平均分子量45000)溶解于60g丁酮而制成的固含量为40重量%的溶液。
同时作为氨基甲酸酯树脂,使用将450重量份的平均分子量为2000的聚己二酸丁二酯二醇与450重量份的平均分子量为2000的聚氧四亚甲基二醇、100重量份的1,4-丁二醇在4000重量份的丁酮中混合均匀,加入390重量份的二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯,在70℃下使之反应而得到的重均分子量为35万的氨基甲酸酯树脂。
作为(b)自由基聚合性化合物,使用分别将50g上述U-1(重均分子量为45000)或U-2溶解于50g丁酮而形成的固含量为50重量%的溶液。
而且,作为(b)成分以外的自由基聚合性化合物,使用三丙烯酸季戊四醇酯(NK酯A-TMM-3L,新中村化学工业株式会社制商品名)。
作为(c)自由基聚合引发剂,使用过氧化-2-乙基己酸叔己酯(PerhexylO,日本油脂株式会社商品名)。
作为(d)分子内至少具有1个以上的磷酸基的乙烯基化合物,使用磷酸2-(甲基)丙烯酰氧基乙酯(光酯P-2M,共荣社化学株式会社制商品名)。
以表1所示的固体重量比混合上述成分,进一步以1.5体积%混合分散作为(e)导电性粒子的Ni粒子。使用涂布装置将所得分散液涂布于厚度为80μm的氟树脂膜上,通过70℃下、10分钟的热风干燥得到粘接剂层厚度为40μm的膜状粘接剂。
表1
[粘接强度、连接电阻的测定]
(实施例1、比较例1)
使用通过上述制法得到的膜状粘接剂,使用热压接装置(加热方式:恒热型,东丽工程株式会社制),对具有500根线宽25μm、间距50μm、厚度8μm的铜电路的柔性电路板(FPC)与形成有0.2μm的氧化铟(ITO)的薄层的玻璃(厚度1.1mm,表面电阻20Ω/□),在160℃的温度、3MPa的压力下进行10秒钟的加热加压,进行宽度达2mm的连接,制作连接体。
用万用表测量刚粘接后以及在85℃、85%RH的高温高湿槽中保持250小时后的该连接体的邻接电路间的电阻值。电阻值以邻接电路间的电阻37个点的平均值来表示。
[粘接强度、连接电阻的测定]
(实施例2、比较例2)
使用通过上述制法得到的膜状粘接剂,对具有500根线宽100μm、间距200μm、厚度18μm的铜电路的柔性电路板(FPC)与具有500根线宽100μm、间距200μm、厚度35μm的铜电路的印刷基板(PCB)(厚度1.1mm),使用热压接装置(加热方式:恒热型,东丽工程株式会社制),在160℃的温度、3MPa的压力下进行10秒钟的加热加压,进行宽度达2mm的连接,制作连接体。
用万用表测量刚粘接后以及在85℃、85%RH的高温高湿槽中保持250小时后的该连接体的邻接电路间的电阻值。电阻值以邻接电路间的电阻37个点的平均值来表示。
而且,以JIS-Z0237为标准,用90度剥离法测定、评价该连接体的粘接强度。此处粘接强度的测定装置使用东洋Baldwin株式会社制造的Tensilon UTM-4(剥离速度50mm/min,25℃)。
以上述方式进行的连接体的粘接强度、连接电阻的测定的结果示于表2。
表2
可以看出,组成中包含重均分子量为10000以上的氨基甲酸酯(甲基)丙烯酸酯化合物的、在实施例1~2得到的膜状粘接剂,在刚粘接后以及在85℃、85%RH的高温高湿槽中保持250小时后,都显示出良好的连接电阻及粘接强度,显示出良好的特性。
另一方面,在组成中不含重均分子量为10000以上的氨基甲酸酯(甲基)丙烯酸酯化合物的比较例1~2中,虽然刚粘接后的连接电阻良好,但在85℃、85%RH的高温高湿槽中保持250小时后(可靠性实验后)连接电阻值上升。而且,对于粘接力而言,与实施例1~2相比虽然刚粘接后的粘接力高,但可靠性实验后的粘接力的降低很显著。
从以上结果清楚地看出,通过使用本发明的(b)自由基聚合性化合物,能够使良好的连接电阻和粘接力并存。
(实施例3)
对实施例1所得膜状粘接剂实施真空包装,在40℃下放置3天后,与实施例1同样地,在160℃、3MPa下对FPC和ITO进行10秒的热压接。测定以以上方式进行的连接体的粘接强度、连接电阻的结果,显示出840~880N/m的粘接强度,1.0~1.3Ω的连接电阻,与处理前的实施例1相比数值基本没有变化,由此可以看出放置稳定性优良。
(实施例4)
准备由厚度为1mm的玻璃环氧基板(电路由铜箔制成、厚度18μm)制作的半导体搭载用基板,该玻璃环氧基板具有与半导体芯片(3×10mm,高度0.5mm,主面的4边周围存在被称为凸起的、100μm见方、20μm高度的突起的金电极)的凸起配置相对应的连接端子。
在半导体搭载用基板的电路表面实施镍/金镀覆。使用上述实施例1的膜状粘接剂,以如下方式连接半导体芯片的突起电极与半导体搭载用基板。
在半导体搭载用基板的电路面,以80℃、1MPa、3秒的条件临时压接膜状粘接材料,在剥离掉剥离性氟树脂膜后,对准半导体芯片的突起电极与半导体搭载用基板的位置,在180℃、10kgf/芯片的温度及压力下进行20秒的加热压接。
由此,隔着膜状粘接剂电连接半导体芯片的突起电极与半导体搭载用基板的电路,同时半导体芯片与半导体搭载用基板的电极通过膜状粘接剂的固化来保持该连接状态。以该方式获得的连接了半导体芯片与半导体搭载用基板的半导体装置在(-55℃、30分钟)/(125℃、30分钟)的条件下经受反复冷热循环试验。
测定该冷热循环试验进行1000次后的半导体芯片的突起电极与基板电路的连接电阻的结果,连接电阻没有上升,显示连接可靠性良好。
Claims (7)
1.一种粘接剂组合物,其特征在于,含有:(a)热塑性树脂、(b)一分子中具有2个以上的(甲基)丙烯酰基及2个以上的氨基甲酸酯键且重均分子量为10000以上的自由基聚合性化合物、以及(c)自由基聚合引发剂。
2.如权利要求1所述的粘接剂组合物,其特征在于,对于100重量份的所述(a)热塑性树脂,含有10~250重量份的所述(b)自由基聚合性化合物、0.05~30重量份的所述(c)自由基聚合引发剂。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的粘接剂组合物,其特征在于,对于100重量份的所述(a)热塑性树脂,进一步含有0.1~20重量份的(d)分子内具有至少1个以上的磷酸基的乙烯基化合物。
4.如权利要求1~3中任一项所述的粘接剂组合物,其特征在于,进一步含有(e)导电性粒子。
5.一种电路连接用粘接剂,用于介于具有相对的电路电极的基板间,而以使所述相对的电路电极彼此间电连接的方式粘接所述基板彼此间,其特征在于,包含权利要求1~4中任一项所述的粘接剂组合物。
6.一种连接体,其特征在于,通过如下方法制成:
使具有第一电路电极的第一基板和具有第二电路电极的第二基板按照所述第一电路电极与所述第二电路电极相对的方式配置,
使权利要求5所述的电路连接用粘接剂介于相对配置的所述第一基板和第二基板之间,加热加压,而使所述第一电路电极与所述第二电路电极电连接。
7.一种半导体装置,其特征在于,通过如下方法制成:使权利要求5所述的电路连接用粘接剂介于相对配置的半导体元件与半导体搭载用基板之间,加热加压,而使所述半导体元件与所述半导体搭载用基板电连接。
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CN103160238A (zh) * | 2011-12-16 | 2013-06-19 | 日立化成工业株式会社 | 粘接剂组合物、膜状粘接剂、粘接片材、以及连接结构体 |
CN104250523A (zh) * | 2013-06-25 | 2014-12-31 | 日立化成株式会社 | 连接材料、太阳能电池连接材料、太阳能电池模块以及其制造方法 |
CN112955481A (zh) * | 2018-10-29 | 2021-06-11 | 纳美仕有限公司 | 导电性树脂组合物、导电性粘接剂及半导体装置 |
CN114927256A (zh) * | 2022-04-29 | 2022-08-19 | 常州德创高新材料科技有限公司 | 一种电路连接材料 |
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