CN101776572B - Liquid refractive index CCD real-time measuring device and measuring method - Google Patents
Liquid refractive index CCD real-time measuring device and measuring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101776572B CN101776572B CN2010101189239A CN201010118923A CN101776572B CN 101776572 B CN101776572 B CN 101776572B CN 2010101189239 A CN2010101189239 A CN 2010101189239A CN 201010118923 A CN201010118923 A CN 201010118923A CN 101776572 B CN101776572 B CN 101776572B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a liquid refractive index CCD real-time measuring device, wherein the lower end of the inside of a dark cassette is provided with a luminescent element, a diaphragm with a light-admitting orifice is arranged above the luminescent element on the dark cassette, the upper surface of the diaphragm is provided with flat-plate transmitting glass, the upper surface of the flat transmitting glass is provided with flat-plate image display glass with an upper optical surface and a lower frosted surface, a shading cover is arranged on the left side of the dark cassette, and the upper end of the inside of the dark cassette is provided with a CCD camera which is connected with a computer through a cable. A method which adopts the measuring device to measure the liquid refractive index is as follows: liquid to be measured forms a liquid film between the flat-plate transmitting glass and the flat-plate image display glass, visible light penetrates through the light-admitting orifice, the flat-plate transmitting glass and the liquid film of the liquid to be measured to form a circular dark spot using an incident light spot as the centre of the circle on the frosted surface of the flat-plate image display glass; the CCD camera converts the received circular dark spot to a digital signal to output to the computer through a cable, and the computer calculates the refractive index of the liquid to be measured.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to and utilize optical instrument, promptly utilize infrared light, visible light or ultraviolet light are tested or the analysis of material technical field, are specifically related to utilize interferometry, utilize the refractive index of schlieren method test liquid.
Background technology
Liquid refractivity is not only an important optical parametric of material, and is important measuring parameter in industrial and agricultural production and the scientific research.At present, the measurement of liquid refractivity can be divided into geometrical optics approach and wave optics method two big classes.Two classes are compared, and characteristics are respectively arranged.Geometrical optics approach instrument formation is simple, easy to operate, the measuring condition requirement is low, and measuring accuracy can meet the demands, and the application of the refractive index of geometrical optics approach measurement at present is more extensive.
The optical gauge digitizing is the important directions of optical gauge development, Abbe refractometer is measured the common instrument of liquid refractivity as geometrical optics approach, at present existing although " digital Abbe refractometer ", but complex structure, operation is complicated, cost is very high, maintenance difficulty is big, therefore is difficult to promote the use of.
Chinese invention patent ZL200610069289.8 " low transparency measuring refractive indexes of liquid apparatus and method " discloses a kind of CCD of using camera and has combined with computing machine, the optical imagery that acquisition process is relevant with liquid refractivity, the apparatus and method of acquisition liquid refractivity.But system structure of device complexity, big, the measurement environment conditional request height of debugging difficulty, particularly the measurement of liquid refractivity must at first be set up corresponding standard curve with standard model, then according to the deflection angle θ ' of the liquid of the unknown refractive index measured, with the typical curve contrast, read unknown liquid refractive index.Obviously its existence is the measuring process complexity, the artificial big defective of measuring error.
Summary of the invention
A technical matters to be solved by this invention is to overcome the deficiency of aforesaid liquid apparatus for measuring refractive index, and the liquid refractive index CCD real-time measuring device that a kind of simple in structure, easy to operate, antijamming capability is strong, the testing liquid consumption is few, measuring accuracy is higher is provided.
Another technical matters to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of method of using liquid refractive index CCD real-time measuring device to measure liquid refractivity.
Solving the problems of the technologies described above the technical scheme that is adopted is: the lower end in magazine is provided with luminescent device, be provided with on the magazine of luminescent device top in the magazine and have the diaphragm that the aperture is 0.5～2mm light hole a, the center line of the center line of light hole a and the emitted light beam of luminescent device is on same straight line, the upper surface of diaphragm is provided with dull and stereotyped transmissive glass, it is optical surface that dull and stereotyped transmissive glass upper surface is provided with lower surface, upper surface is that the lithograph picture of frosted face shows glass, the left side of magazine is processed with window, window is provided with shading cover, and the upper end in the magazine is provided with the CCD camera that links to each other with computing machine by cable.
Lithograph picture of the present invention shows that the refractive index n of glass and dull and stereotyped transmissive glass is 1.5146～1.7496.
Lithograph picture of the present invention shows that glass is identical with the refractive index of dull and stereotyped transmissive glass.
The size of lithograph picture demonstration glass of the present invention is big or small identical with dull and stereotyped transmissive glass, and the thickness h of dull and stereotyped transmissive glass is at least 2.5 times of lithograph picture demonstration thickness of glass.
Luminescent device of the present invention is that semiconductor laser (7) or luminous intensity are the light emitting diode of 10～100mcd.
The pixel of CCD camera of the present invention is 1000 * 1400.
Adopt the method for above-mentioned liquid refractive index CCD real-time measuring device measurement liquid refractivity as follows:
1, opens the shading cover in magazine left side, take out the lithograph picture and show glass and dull and stereotyped transmissive glass, upper surface in dull and stereotyped transmissive glass drips testing liquid with buret, the lithograph picture is shown that the frosted face of glass makes progress, optical surface is pressed on the testing liquid downwards, testing liquid forms liquid film between dull and stereotyped transmissive glass and lithograph picture demonstration glass, the lithograph picture is shown that glass and dull and stereotyped transmissive glass pack in the magazine, close shading cover.
2, connect the power supply of luminescent device, the visible light that logical luminescent device sends passes the light hole of diaphragm, vertical incidence sees through dull and stereotyped transmissive glass, enter the lithograph picture through the testing liquid liquid film and show glass, forming with the incident luminous point on the frosted face of lithograph picture demonstration glass is the circular blackening in the center of circle.
3, the radius r measurement of length of the circular blackening of testing liquid is demarcated corresponding to 10 pixels of CCD camera by 1mm, and the circular blackening image transitions that the CCD camera will receive becomes digital signal to output to computing machine by cable, and computing machine is pressed following formula:
Calculate the refractive index of testing liquid, n in the formula
xThe refractive index, h that shows glass for the refractive index of testing liquid, radius that r is circular blackening, n for the lithograph picture shows the thickness of glass for the lithograph picture, and according to following formula:
Calculate relative error, ε is a relative error in the formula, n
sBe standard value, n
xBe measured value, demonstrate the image of result of calculation and circular blackening.
The present invention and digital Abbe refractometer have adopted the light total reflection principle equally, but optical imagery then is a visible light shows testing liquid liquid film between the glass through dull and stereotyped transmissive glass and lithograph picture, forming with the incident luminous point on the frosted face of lithograph picture demonstration glass is the circular blackening in the center of circle, the circular blackening image transitions that the CCD camera will receive becomes digital signal to output to computing machine by cable, computing machine carries out data processing according to the program of prior setting, calculates the refractive index of fluid to be measured; Low in the measuring process to the measurement environment conditional request, the optical imagery illumination relevant with the testing liquid refractive index promptly shows, need not debug, used lithograph picture shows that glass and dull and stereotyped transmissive glass adopt planar optics glass, instrument cost is low, formed image is the plane optical imagery, clear picture.The present invention has that structure letter, cost are low, measuring accuracy is than advantages such as height, can be widely used in the measurement of the liquid refractivity in fields such as scientific research and commercial production.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of one embodiment of the present of invention.
Fig. 2 adopts the inventive method to measure the circular blackening photo of distilled water refractive index.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in more detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and example, but the invention is not restricted to these embodiment.
In Fig. 1, the liquid refractive index CCD real-time measuring device of present embodiment shows that by magazine 1, CCD camera 2, lithograph picture glass 3, dull and stereotyped transmissive glass 4, computing machine 5, diaphragm 6, semiconductor laser 7, shading cover 8 connections constitute.
The magazine 1 of present embodiment is stainless steel or lighttight engineering plastics magazine 1, lower end in magazine 1 is fixedly connected with the screw threads for fastening connector semiconductor laser 7 is installed, semiconductor laser 7 is embodiment of luminescent device, and semiconductor laser 7 is for the invention provides light source.In magazine 1, stick with glue on the magazine 1 above the semiconductor laser 7 and be connected to diaphragm 6, be processed with light hole a on the diaphragm 6, the aperture of the light hole a of present embodiment is 1.5mm, and the center line of the laser beam that the center line of light hole a and semiconductor laser 7 are emitted is on same straight line.The upper surface of diaphragm 6 is placed with dull and stereotyped transmissive glass 4 in magazine 1, dull and stereotyped transmissive glass 4 upper surfaces are placed with the lithograph picture and show glass 3, the lithograph picture shows that the lower surface of glass 3 is that optical surface, upper surface are frosted face, the lithograph picture shows that the thickness of glass 3 is that h is 4mm, the size of lithograph picture demonstration glass 3 is big or small identical with dull and stereotyped transmissive glass 4, the thickness h of dull and stereotyped transmissive glass 4 is 10mm, the lithograph picture shows that glass 3 and dull and stereotyped transmissive glass 4 are H-K9 optical glass, and its refractive index n is 1.5146.The left side of magazine 1 is processed with window, and window is used for taking out and puts into lithograph picture demonstration glass 3 and dull and stereotyped transmissive glass 4, is stamped shading cover 8 on the window.Upper end in the magazine 1 is fixedly connected with the screw threads for fastening connector CCD camera 2 is installed, and the pixel of CCD camera 2 is 1000 * 1400, and the center line of the center line of CCD camera 2 and light hole a coincides.CCD camera 2 links to each other with computing machine 5 by cable.The visible light that semiconductor laser 7 is sent passes the light hole a of diaphragm 6, vertical incidence sees through dull and stereotyped transmissive glass 4, enter the lithograph picture through testing liquid liquid film 9 and show glass 3, forming with the incident luminous point on the frosted face of lithograph picture demonstration glass 3 is the circular blackening image in the center of circle, CCD camera 2 will receive circular blackening image transitions and become digital signal to output to computing machine 5, computing machine 5 carries out data processing according to the program of prior setting to the signal of importing, calculate the refractive index of fluid to be measured, and demonstrate the image of result of calculation and circular blackening.
The liquid refractive index CCD real-time measuring device that adopts present embodiment is measured the refractive index of distilled water, absolute ethyl alcohol in room temperature (20 ℃), and compares with the standard refraction rate of distilled water, absolute ethyl alcohol, and measuring method is as follows:
1, opens the shading cover 8 in magazine 1 left side, take out the lithograph picture and show glass 3 and dull and stereotyped transmissive glass 4, upper surface in dull and stereotyped transmissive glass 4 drips distilled water with buret, the lithograph picture is shown that the frosted face of glass 3 makes progress, optical surface is pressed on the testing liquid downwards, testing liquid shows formation liquid film 9 between the glass 3 in dull and stereotyped transmissive glass 4 and lithograph picture, the lithograph picture is shown that glass 3 and dull and stereotyped transmissive glass 4 pack in the magazine 1, close shading cover 8.
2, connect the power supply of semiconductor laser 7, the visible light that semiconductor laser 7 sends passes the light hole a of diaphragm 6, vertical incidence sees through dull and stereotyped transmissive glass 4, enter the lithograph picture through testing liquid liquid film 9 and show glass 3, forming with the incident luminous point on the frosted face of lithograph picture demonstration glass 3 is the circular blackening in the center of circle.
3, the radius r measurement of length of the circular blackening of testing liquid is demarcated corresponding to 10 pixels of CCD camera 2 by 1mm, and the circular blackening image transitions that CCD camera 2 will receive becomes digital signal to output to computing machine 5 by cable, and computing machine 5 is pressed following formula:
Calculate the refractive index of distilled water, n in the formula
xThe refractive index, h that shows glass 3 for the refractive index of testing liquid, radius that r is circular blackening, n for the lithograph picture shows the thickness of glass 3 for the lithograph picture, and according to following formula:
Calculate relative error, ε is a relative error in the formula, n
sBe standard value, n
xBe measured value, demonstrate the image of result of calculation and circular blackening, see Fig. 2, result of calculation sees Table 1.
Use the same method and measure the refractive index of absolute ethyl alcohol, forming with the incident luminous point on the frosted face of lithograph picture demonstration glass is the circular blackening in the center of circle, by the refractive index of (1) formula calculating absolute ethyl alcohol, by (2) formula calculating relative error.Result of calculation sees Table 1.
Table 1 present embodiment liquid refractive index CCD real-time measuring device is surveyed the refractive index of distilled water, absolute ethyl alcohol
| Testing liquid | Distilled water | Absolute ethyl alcohol |
| Standard refraction rate (20 ℃) | 1.3330 | 1.3618 |
| Measured value n of the present invention x | 1.332 | 1.362 |
| Relative error (%) | 0.075 | 0.015 |
In the present embodiment, the light hole a aperture that sticks with glue the diaphragm 6 that connects in magazine 1 above the semiconductor laser 7 on the magazine 1 is 0.5mm, the lithograph picture shows that the thickness of glass 3 is that h is 6.5mm, the size of lithograph picture demonstration glass 3 is big or small identical with dull and stereotyped transmissive glass 4, the thickness h of dull and stereotyped transmissive glass 4 is 17mm, the lithograph picture shows that glass 3 and dull and stereotyped transmissive glass 4 are H-K9 optical glass, its refractive index n is 1.5146, and the lithograph picture shows that the plane of incidence of glass 3 is that optical surface, exit facet are frosted face.The connecting relation of other parts and zero parts is identical with embodiment 1.
The liquid refractive index CCD real-time measuring device that adopts present embodiment is measured the refractive index of distilled water, absolute ethyl alcohol in room temperature (20 ℃), and compares with the standard refraction rate of distilled water, absolute ethyl alcohol, and measuring method is as follows:
The method and the embodiment 1 of the liquid refractive index CCD real-time measuring device measurement distilled water of employing present embodiment, the refractive index of absolute ethyl alcohol are identical.By the refractive index of (1) formula calculating distilled water, absolute ethyl alcohol, calculate relative error by (2) formula.Result of calculation sees Table 2.
Table 2 present embodiment liquid refractive index CCD real-time measuring device is surveyed the refractive index of distilled water, absolute ethyl alcohol
| Testing liquid | Distilled water | Absolute ethyl alcohol |
| Standard refraction rate (20 ℃) | 1.3330 | 1.3618 |
| Measured value n of the present invention x | 1.332 | 1.361 |
| Relative error (%) | 0.075 | 0.058 |
In the present embodiment, the light hole a aperture that sticks with glue the diaphragm 6 that connects in magazine 1 above the semiconductor laser 7 on the magazine 1 is 2mm, the lithograph picture shows that the thickness of glass 3 is that h is 3mm, the size of lithograph picture demonstration glass 3 is big or small identical with dull and stereotyped transmissive glass 4, the thickness h of dull and stereotyped transmissive glass 4 is 8mm, the lithograph picture shows that glass 3 and dull and stereotyped transmissive glass 4 are H-K9 optical glass, its refractive index n is 1.5146, and the lithograph picture shows that the plane of incidence of glass is that optical surface, exit facet are frosted face.The connecting relation of other parts and zero parts is identical with embodiment 1.
The liquid refractive index CCD real-time measuring device that adopts present embodiment is measured the refractive index of distilled water, absolute ethyl alcohol in room temperature (20 ℃), and compares with the standard refraction rate of distilled water, absolute ethyl alcohol, and measuring method is as follows:
The method and the embodiment 1 of the liquid refractive index CCD real-time measuring device measurement distilled water of employing present embodiment, the refractive index of absolute ethyl alcohol are identical.By the refractive index of (1) formula calculating distilled water, absolute ethyl alcohol, calculate relative error by (2) formula.Result of calculation sees Table 3.
Table 3 present embodiment liquid refractive index CCD real-time measuring device is surveyed the refractive index of distilled water, absolute ethyl alcohol
| Testing liquid | Distilled water | Absolute ethyl alcohol |
| Standard refraction rate (20 ℃) | 1.3330 | 1.3618 |
| Measured value n of the present invention x | 1.332 | 1.361 |
| Relative error (%) | 0.075 | 0.058 |
In above embodiment 1～3, the upper surface of diaphragm 6 is placed with dull and stereotyped transmissive glass 4 in magazine 1, dull and stereotyped transmissive glass 4 upper surfaces are placed with the lithograph picture and show glass 3, the lithograph picture shows that the lower surface of glass 3 is that optical surface, upper surface are frosted face, and the lithograph picture shows that glass 3 and dull and stereotyped transmissive glass 4 are ZF
1Planar optics glass, its refractive index n are 1.6438, and the size of lithograph picture demonstration glass 3 is big or small identical with dull and stereotyped transmissive glass 4, and the lithograph picture shows that the thickness of glass 3 and dull and stereotyped transmissive glass 4 is identical with respective embodiments.The connecting relation of other parts and zero parts is identical with embodiment 1.
In above embodiment 1～3, the upper surface of diaphragm 6 is placed with dull and stereotyped transmissive glass 4 in magazine 1, dull and stereotyped transmissive glass 4 upper surfaces are placed with the lithograph picture and show glass 3, the lithograph picture shows that the lower surface of glass 3 is that optical surface, upper surface are frosted face, and the lithograph picture shows that glass 3 and dull and stereotyped transmissive glass 4 are ZF
6Planar optics glass, its refractive index n are 1.7496, and the size of lithograph picture demonstration glass 3 is big or small identical with dull and stereotyped transmissive glass 4, and the lithograph picture shows that the thickness of glass 3 and dull and stereotyped transmissive glass 4 is identical with respective embodiments.The connecting relation of other parts and zero parts is identical with embodiment 1.
In above embodiment 1～5, the luminescent device that the lower end in magazine 1 is provided with is that luminous intensity is the light emitting diode of 10～100mcd.The connecting relation of other parts and parts is identical with respective embodiments.
Claims (8)
1. liquid refractive index CCD real-time measuring device, it is characterized in that: the lower end in magazine (1) is provided with luminescent device, the interior luminescent device top magazine of magazine (1) (1) is gone up to be provided with has the diaphragm that the aperture is 0.5～2mm light hole (a) (6), the center line of light hole (a) and the center line of the emitted light beam of luminescent device are on same straight line, the upper surface of diaphragm (6) is provided with dull and stereotyped transmissive glass (4), it is optical surface that dull and stereotyped transmissive glass (4) upper surface is provided with lower surface, upper surface is that the lithograph picture of frosted face shows glass (3), the left side of magazine (1) is processed with window, window is provided with shading cover (8), and the upper end in the magazine (1) is provided with the CCD camera (2) that links to each other with computing machine (5) by cable.
2. according to the described liquid refractive index CCD real-time measuring device of claim 1, it is characterized in that: said lithograph picture shows that the refractive index of glass (3) and dull and stereotyped transmissive glass (4) is 1.5146～1.7496.
3. according to the described liquid refractive index CCD real-time measuring device of claim 2, it is characterized in that: said lithograph picture shows that glass (3) is identical with the refractive index of dull and stereotyped transmissive glass (4).
4. according to claim 1 or 2 described liquid refractive index CCD real-time measuring devices, it is characterized in that: the size of said lithograph picture demonstration glass (3) is big or small identical with dull and stereotyped transmissive glass (4), and the thickness of dull and stereotyped transmissive glass (4) is at least 2.5 times of lithograph picture demonstration glass (3) thickness.
5. according to the described liquid refractive index CCD real-time measuring device of claim 3, it is characterized in that: the size of said lithograph picture demonstration glass (3) is big or small identical with dull and stereotyped transmissive glass (4), and the thickness of dull and stereotyped transmissive glass (4) is at least 2.5 times of lithograph picture demonstration glass (3) thickness.
6. according to the described liquid refractive index CCD real-time measuring device of claim 1, it is characterized in that: said luminescent device is that semiconductor laser (7) or luminous intensity are the light emitting diode of 10～100mcd.
7. according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described liquid refractive index CCD real-time measuring devices, it is characterized in that: the pixel of said CCD camera (2) is 1000 * 1400.
8. claim 1 liquid refractive index CCD real-time measuring device is measured the method for liquid refractivity, it is characterized in that this method is made up of following step:
A, open the shading cover (8) in magazine (1) left side, take out the lithograph picture and show glass (3) and dull and stereotyped transmissive glass (4), upper surface in dull and stereotyped transmissive glass (4) drips testing liquid with buret, the lithograph picture is shown that the frosted face of glass (3) makes progress, optical surface is pressed on the testing liquid downwards, testing liquid forms liquid film (9) between dull and stereotyped transmissive glass (4) and lithograph picture demonstration glass (3), the lithograph picture is shown that glass (3) and dull and stereotyped transmissive glass (4) pack in the magazine (1), close shading cover (8);
The power supply of B, connection luminescent device, the visible light that luminescent device sends passes the light hole (a) of diaphragm (6), vertical incidence sees through dull and stereotyped transmissive glass (4), enter the lithograph picture through testing liquid liquid film (9) and show glass (3), forming with the incident luminous point on the frosted face of lithograph picture demonstration glass (3) is the circular blackening in the center of circle;
The radius r measurement of length of C, the circular blackening of testing liquid is demarcated corresponding to 10 pixels of CCD camera (2) by 1mm, the circular blackening image transitions that CCD camera (2) will receive becomes digital signal to output to computing machine (5) by cable, and computing machine (5) is pressed following formula:
Calculate the refractive index of testing liquid, n in the formula
xThe refractive index, h that shows glass (3) for the refractive index of testing liquid, radius that r is circular blackening, n for the lithograph picture shows the thickness of glass (3) for the lithograph picture, and according to following formula:
Calculate relative error, ε is a relative error in the formula, n
sBe the standard refraction rate of testing liquid, n
xBe the refractive index of testing liquid, demonstrate the image of result of calculation and circular blackening.
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Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102519910B (en) * | 2011-12-15 | 2013-09-18 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | Optical biosensor based on two-port microcavity laser space interference |
| CN102608070B (en) * | 2012-03-27 | 2013-04-10 | 北京航空航天大学 | Probe type liquid refractive index on-line real-time detection device |
| CN103792210B (en) * | 2014-02-28 | 2014-12-03 | 陕西师范大学 | Device for monitoring liquid physical parameters in pipeline in real time in non-contact mode by utilizing glass vision tube |
| CN103792209B (en) * | 2014-02-28 | 2014-12-03 | 陕西师范大学 | Milk refractive index detection device and detection method thereof |
| CN103792208B (en) * | 2014-02-28 | 2014-12-10 | 陕西师范大学 | Device and method for measuring optical and geometrical parameters of glass wall |
| CN103822902B (en) * | 2014-02-28 | 2014-12-03 | 陕西师范大学 | Real-time online liquid physical parameter measuring device with window glass used as sensing window |
| CN105181646B (en) * | 2015-05-13 | 2017-12-29 | 武汉理工大学 | Refractive index of transparent medium measuring method based on computer vision |
| CN108169174A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-06-15 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | A kind of liquid refractivity test device and test method based on the method for minimum deviation angle |
| CN117761010A (en) * | 2024-02-22 | 2024-03-26 | 山西大学 | high-precision laser liquid refractive index measuring device |
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