CN109470650A - A kind of device and method measuring liquid refractivity - Google Patents
A kind of device and method measuring liquid refractivity Download PDFInfo
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- CN109470650A CN109470650A CN201810354489.0A CN201810354489A CN109470650A CN 109470650 A CN109470650 A CN 109470650A CN 201810354489 A CN201810354489 A CN 201810354489A CN 109470650 A CN109470650 A CN 109470650A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/41—Refractivity; Phase-affecting properties, e.g. optical path length
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of device and method for measuring liquid refractivity, which includes light source, object screen, convex lens, glass container and reading microscope with rectangular opening；The optical axis of convex lens is perpendicular to object screen；The center of rectangular opening is on the optical axis of convex lens on object screen；Optical axis of the glass container perpendicular to convex lens；Real image on object screen after rectangular opening planoconvex lens at diminution；Reading microscope is coaxial with convex lens；Light source, object screen, convex lens, glass container with rectangular opening are mounted on a track；The optical axis of convex lens is parallel to track；Reading microscope measures the spacing of imaging position twice before and after glass container dress testing liquid；By the way that the spacing of imaging position obtains the refractive index of liquid twice before and after size and glass container the dress testing liquid of convex lens optical axis direction inside measurement glass container.The present invention can quickly, accurately measure the refractive index of liquid, and simple, convenient.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of device and methods for measuring liquid refractivity.
Background technique
Refractive index is a kind of important physical parameter of substance.The measurement of liquid refractivity is widely used in petroleum industry, system
The fields such as medicine industry, oil prodution industry, painting industry, food industry, chemical industry, sugar industry.Pass through measurement food liquid
Refractive index, it is possible to authenticate the composition of food, concentration judge the quality of food.Refractive index by measuring solution can determine fruit
The sugared concentration of the food such as juice, honey.Measurement grease refractive index can determine Fatty acid compositions, identify the composition and quality of grease.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of device and methods for measuring liquid refractivity.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme: a kind of device for measuring liquid refractivity comprising light source, with rectangular opening
Object screen, convex lens, glass container and reading microscope；The optical axis of the convex lens is perpendicular to object screen；On object screen in rectangular opening
The heart is on the optical axis of convex lens；Optical axis of the glass container perpendicular to convex lens；At diminution after rectangular opening planoconvex lens on object screen
Real image；Reading microscope is coaxial with convex lens；Light source, object screen, convex lens, glass container with rectangular opening are mounted on a track
On；The optical axis of convex lens is parallel to track；Twice at image position before and after the reading microscope measurement glass container dress testing liquid
The spacing set；Testing liquid front and back two is filled by the size and glass container inside measurement glass container along convex lens optical axis direction
The spacing of secondary imaging position obtains the refractive index of liquid.
Preferably, the light source is incandescent lamp.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the size of the glass container is 2cm, and the focal length of convex lens is 20cm, object screen with
The distance of lens is 100cm.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the size of the glass container is 2cm, and the focal length of convex lens is 10cm, object screen with
The distance of lens is 80cm.
The present invention provides a kind of method for measuring liquid refractivity comprising following steps: step S1: light source is from object screen
Rectangular opening it is incident, before glass container fills testing liquid, rectangular opening planoconvex lens are at the real image of diminution in position a；Utilize reading
Microscope determines the position a of reduced image and record position reading；Step S2: by testing liquid implantation glass container, diminution
Real image is moved to b along the optical axis direction of convex lens, determines the position b reduced using reading microscope again and record position is read
Number；The difference of reading microscope position readings twice is exactly the mobile distance L of reduced image, and testing liquid is calculated according to the following formula
Refractive index n:D is the size inside glass container along the y axis.
In an embodiment of the present invention, refractive index n is derived the following steps are included: step S21: glass container fills testing liquid
Before, object screen planoconvex lens are at reduced image in a；B is imaged in after glass container dress testing liquid, following relational expression:
Wherein, θ and α is respectively incidence angle and refraction angle, A between glass container incidence point h and glass container center f away from
From d is the size inside glass container along the y axis, and y is a and glass container vertical interval, and L is that glass container fills prepare liquid
Distance between spacing, that is, ab of imaging position twice before and after body；Step S22: it by formula (2) and formula (3), obtains:
Since the rectangular opening on object screen is small and by the way that at reduced image, this optical path meets near-axial condition i.e. tg after convex lens
θ=sin θ and tg α=sin α, wushu (2) and formula (5) bring formula (1) into, obtain:
According to formula (6), measure the value of d and L so that it is determined that liquid refractive index.
Preferably, the light source is incandescent lamp.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the size d of the glass container is 2cm, and the focal length of convex lens is 20cm, object screen with
The distance of lens is 100cm.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the size d of the glass container is 2cm, and the focal length of convex lens is 10cm, object screen with
The distance of lens is 80cm.
The device and method provided through the invention can quickly, accurately measure the refractive index of liquid, and easy to operate,
It is convenient.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the principle of the present invention schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is the device of the invention structural schematic diagram.
Wherein G: light source, O: the object screen with rectangular opening, L: convex lens, C: glass container, S: reading microscope.
Specific embodiment
Explanation is further explained to the present invention in the following with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of device and methods for measuring liquid refractivity.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme: a kind of device for measuring liquid refractivity comprising light source, with rectangular opening
Object screen, convex lens, glass container and reading microscope；The optical axis of the convex lens is perpendicular to object screen；On object screen in rectangular opening
The heart is on the optical axis of convex lens；Optical axis of the glass container perpendicular to convex lens；At diminution after rectangular opening planoconvex lens on object screen
Real image；Reading microscope is coaxial with convex lens；Light source, object screen, convex lens, glass container with rectangular opening are mounted on a track
On；The optical axis of convex lens is parallel to track；Twice at image position before and after the reading microscope measurement glass container dress testing liquid
The spacing set；Testing liquid front and back two is filled by the size and glass container inside measurement glass container along convex lens optical axis direction
The spacing of secondary imaging position obtains the refractive index of liquid.The device of the invention schematic diagram is referring to Fig. 1.Preferably, the light source is
Incandescent lamp.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the size d of the glass container is 2cm, and the focal length of convex lens is 20cm, object screen with
The distance of lens is 100cm.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the size d of the glass container is 2cm, and the focal length of convex lens is 10cm, object screen with
The distance of lens is 80cm.
The present invention also provides a kind of methods for measuring liquid refractivity comprising following steps: step S1: light source is from object screen
On rectangular opening it is incident, before glass container fills testing liquid, rectangular opening planoconvex lens are at the real image of diminution in position a；Utilize reading
Digital display micro mirror determines the position a of reduced image and record position reading；Step S2: it by testing liquid implantation glass container, reduces
Real image be moved to b along the optical axis direction of convex lens, again using reading microscope determine reduce position b and record position read
Number；The difference of reading microscope position readings twice is exactly the mobile distance L of reduced image, and testing liquid is calculated according to the following formula
Refractive index n:D is the size inside glass container along the y axis.
In an embodiment of the present invention, refractive index n is pushed the following steps are included: step S21: glass container fills testing liquid
Before, object screen planoconvex lens are at reduced image in a；B is imaged in after glass container dress testing liquid, following relational expression:
Wherein, θ and α is respectively incidence angle and refraction angle, A between glass container incidence point h and glass container center f away from
From d is the size inside glass container along the y axis, and y is a and glass container vertical interval, and L is that glass container fills prepare liquid
Distance between spacing, that is, ab of imaging position twice before and after body；Step S22: it by formula (2) and formula (3), obtains:
Since the rectangular opening on object screen is small and by the way that at reduced image, this optical path meets near-axial condition i.e. tg after convex lens
θ=sin θ and tg α=sin α, wushu (2) and formula (5) bring formula (1) into, obtain:
According to formula (6), measure the value of d and L so that it is determined that liquid refractive index.Preferably, the light source is incandescent lamp.
Such as Fig. 2, incandescent lamp is incident from the rectangular opening on object screen, before glass container fills testing liquid, rectangular opening planoconvex lens
At the real image of diminution in position a.The position a of reduced image is determined using reading microscope and record position is read.It then, will be to be measured
In liquid implantation glass container, the real image of diminution is moved to b along the optical axis direction of convex lens, is determined again using reading microscope
Position b and the record position reading of diminution.The difference of reading microscope position readings twice is exactly the mobile distance L of reduced image.
Finally, the refractive index of testing liquid is calculated according to formula (6).
Embodiment 1
Selecting the size d of glass container is 2cm, and the focal length of convex lens is 20cm, and object screen is 100cm at a distance from lens,
The refractive index that measurement obtains tap water is 1.332.
Embodiment 2
Selecting the size d of glass container is 2cm, and the focal length of convex lens is 10cm, and object screen is 80cm at a distance from lens, is surveyed
The refractive index for measuring tap water is 1.331.
It can be seen that device and method through the invention can quickly, accurately measure the refractive index of liquid, and operate
Simply, conveniently.
The above are preferred embodiments of the present invention, all any changes made according to the technical solution of the present invention, and generated function is made
When with range without departing from technical solution of the present invention, all belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of device for measuring liquid refractivity, it is characterised in that: object screen, convex lens, glass including light source, with rectangular opening
Container and reading microscope；The optical axis of the convex lens is perpendicular to object screen；Optical axis of the center of rectangular opening in convex lens on object screen
On；Optical axis of the glass container perpendicular to convex lens；Real image on object screen after rectangular opening planoconvex lens at diminution；Reading microscope with
Convex lens is coaxial；Light source, object screen, convex lens, glass container with rectangular opening are mounted on a track；The optical axis of convex lens is parallel
In track；The spacing of imaging position twice before and after reading microscope measurement glass container dress testing liquid；By measuring glass
The spacing of imaging position obtains twice before and after size and glass container the dress testing liquid of convex lens optical axis direction inside glass container
Obtain the refractive index of liquid.
2. the device of measurement liquid refractivity according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the light source is incandescent lamp.
3. the device of measurement liquid refractivity according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the size of the glass container is
2cm, the focal length of convex lens are 20cm, and object screen is 100cm at a distance from lens.
4. the device of measurement liquid refractivity according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the size of the glass container is
2cm, the focal length of convex lens are 10cm, and object screen is 80cm at a distance from lens.
5. a kind of method for measuring liquid refractivity, it is characterised in that: the following steps are included:
Step S1: light source is incident from the rectangular opening on object screen, and before glass container fills testing liquid, rectangular opening planoconvex lens are at diminution
Real image in position a；The position a of reduced image is determined using reading microscope and record position is read；
Step S2: by testing liquid implantation glass container, the real image of diminution is moved to b along the optical axis direction of convex lens, again
The position b of reduced image is determined using reading microscope and record position is read；Reading microscope twice position readings difference just
It is the mobile distance L of reduced image, the refractive index n of testing liquid is calculated according to the following formula:
D is the size inside glass container along the y axis.
6. the method for measurement liquid refractivity according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: it includes following that refractive index n, which is derived,
Step: step S21: before glass container fills testing liquid, object screen planoconvex lens are at reduced image in a；Glass container fills testing liquid
After image in b, following relational expression:
Wherein, θ and α is respectively incidence angle and refraction angle, distance of the A between glass container incidence point h and glass container center f, d
For the size of glass container inside along the y axis, y is a and glass container vertical interval, and L is before glass container fills testing liquid
Distance between spacing, that is, ab of imaging position twice afterwards；
Step S22: it by formula (2) and formula (3), obtains:
Due to the rectangular opening on object screen is small and by after convex lens at reduced image, this optical path meet near-axial condition i.e. tg θ=
Sin θ and tg α=sin α, wushu (2) and formula (5) bring formula (1) into, obtain:
According to formula (6), measure the value of d and L so that it is determined that liquid refractive index.
7. the method for measurement liquid refractivity according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: the light source is incandescent lamp.
8. the method for measurement liquid refractivity according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: the size of the glass container is
2cm, the focal length of convex lens are 20cm, and object screen is 100cm at a distance from lens.
9. the method for measurement liquid refractivity according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: the size of the glass container is
2cm, the focal length of convex lens are 10cm, and object screen is 80cm at a distance from lens.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810354489.0A CN109470650A (en) | 2018-04-19 | 2018-04-19 | A kind of device and method measuring liquid refractivity |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810354489.0A CN109470650A (en) | 2018-04-19 | 2018-04-19 | A kind of device and method measuring liquid refractivity |
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| CN201810354489.0A Pending CN109470650A (en) | 2018-04-19 | 2018-04-19 | A kind of device and method measuring liquid refractivity |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110006845A (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2019-07-12 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of instrument for determining index of refraction of liquid based on electrowetting lens |
| CN110927109A (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2020-03-27 | 四川大学 | Method for measuring liquid refractive index by liquid contained in cuboid container |
| CN110927110A (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2020-03-27 | 四川大学 | Method for measuring liquid refractive index by using liquid contained in rectangular container |
| CN110927104A (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2020-03-27 | 四川大学 | Method for measuring refractive index of transparent cuboid |
| CN110927103A (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2020-03-27 | 四川大学 | Method for measuring refractive index of transparent cuboid |
| CN112964671A (en) * | 2021-02-01 | 2021-06-15 | 嘉应学院 | Method and system for measuring refractive index of transparent liquid |
| CN114062318A (en) * | 2021-12-21 | 2022-02-18 | 湖北科技学院 | Device and method for measuring liquid refractive index by using linear array CCD |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110006845A (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2019-07-12 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of instrument for determining index of refraction of liquid based on electrowetting lens |
| CN110927104A (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2020-03-27 | 四川大学 | Method for measuring refractive index of transparent cuboid |
| CN110927103A (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2020-03-27 | 四川大学 | Method for measuring refractive index of transparent cuboid |
| CN110927109A (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2020-03-27 | 四川大学 | Method for measuring liquid refractive index by liquid contained in cuboid container |
| CN110927110A (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2020-03-27 | 四川大学 | Method for measuring liquid refractive index by using liquid contained in rectangular container |
| CN112964671A (en) * | 2021-02-01 | 2021-06-15 | 嘉应学院 | Method and system for measuring refractive index of transparent liquid |
| CN114062318A (en) * | 2021-12-21 | 2022-02-18 | 湖北科技学院 | Device and method for measuring liquid refractive index by using linear array CCD |
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Application publication date: 20190315 |