CN101648931B - 一种3-(2,3-二氢苯并呋喃-5-基)-丙酸的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种3-(2,3-二氢苯并呋喃-5-基)-丙酸的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- DPQFYUVHQLRVGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)propanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCC1=CC=C2OCCC2=C1 DPQFYUVHQLRVGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract 3
- -1 acetal compound Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetaldehyde Diethyl Acetal Natural products CCOC(C)OCC DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- IWDCLRJOBJJRNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N p-cresol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IWDCLRJOBJJRNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
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- 238000009903 catalytic hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005727 Friedel-Crafts reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 41
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propionic acid Substances CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
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- VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylenetetramine Chemical compound C1N(C2)CN3CN1CN2C3 VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
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- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 9
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- BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl tert-butyl ether Chemical compound COC(C)(C)C BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 5
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical class [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
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- PAMIQIKDUOTOBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methylpiperidine Chemical compound CN1CCCCC1 PAMIQIKDUOTOBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- MFGWLHDQWCKHKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-(chloromethyl)-1-benzofuran Chemical class ClCC1=CC=C2OC=CC2=C1 MFGWLHDQWCKHKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- YLXDSYKOBKBWJQ-LBPRGKRZSA-N N-[2-[(8S)-2,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1H-cyclopenta[e]benzofuran-8-yl]ethyl]propanamide Chemical compound C1=C2OCCC2=C2[C@H](CCNC(=O)CC)CCC2=C1 YLXDSYKOBKBWJQ-LBPRGKRZSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
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- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种3-(2,3-二氢苯并呋喃-5-基)-丙酸(I)的制备方法。该方法以对甲苯酚(1)为起始原料,在碱性条件下与2-卤乙醛或2-卤缩乙醛缩合,得2-(4-甲基苯氧基)乙醛或缩乙醛类化合物(2);化合物(2)经Friedel-Crafts反应,得5-甲基苯并呋喃(3);(3)经卤代后进一步氧化,得苯并呋喃-5-甲醛(5);然后碱性条件下与丙二酸或丙二酸酯缩合,得(E)-3-(苯并呋喃-5-基)丙烯酸(6),最后经催化氢化还原,得3-(2,3-二氢苯并呋喃-5-基)丙酸(I)。
Description
技术领域
本发明属药物化学领域,涉及一种选择性褪黑激素受体激动剂雷美替胺(Ramelteon)合成的重要中间体3-(2,3-二氢苯并呋喃-5-基)-丙酸(I)的制备方法。
背景技术
3-(2,3-二氢苯并呋喃-5-基)-丙酸(I)是合成选择性褪黑激素受体激动剂——雷美替胺(Ramelteon)的重要中间体,文献:J Med Chem 2002,45(19),4222;WO2006030739;WO 2008150953;WO 2008151170等,描述了该化合物的制备方法,这些方法均是以2,3-二氢苯并呋喃-5-甲醛为起始原料,通过不同的方法延长碳链后经进一步还原,而得到3-(2,3-二氢苯并呋喃-5-基)-丙酸(I),其反应式如下:
方法一:
该方法以2,3-二氢苯并呋喃-5-甲醛为起始原料,在哌啶、吡啶混合溶剂中与丙二酸发生Knoevenagel缩合反应,得3-(2,3-二氢苯并呋喃-5-基)-丙烯酸,然后经Pd/C或Raney Ni还原,得3-(2,3-二氢苯并呋喃-5-基)-丙酸(I)。
方法二:
该方法以2,3-二氢苯并呋喃-5-甲醛为起始原料,在强碱性(NaH、NaOBu-t)条件下与2-(二乙氧膦酸基)乙酸乙酯发生Wittig-Horner缩合反应,得3-(2,3-二氢苯并呋喃-5-基)-丙烯酸乙酯,经Pd/C或Raney Ni还原后再水解,得3-(2,3-二氢苯并呋喃-5-基)-丙酸(I)。
上述合成3-(2,3-二氢苯并呋喃-5-基)-丙酸(I)的方法,存在使用原料价昂、反应条件苛刻、反应操作及后处理过程繁琐、总收率偏低、制备过程中“三废”排放严重等不足,使化合物(I)的合成成本较高,大量制备受到限制。因此,本领域仍需开发原料价廉易得、反应条件温和、操作简便、化学收率高、“绿色环保”的3-(2,3-二氢苯并呋喃-5-基)-丙酸(I)制备新方法。
发明内容
本发明的目的是在于避免现有方法的不足,提供一种反应条件温和、后处理简便、反应环境友好、收率高、成本低、可大量制备3-(2,3-二氢苯并呋喃-5-基)-丙酸(I)的合成新方法。
本发明所提出的3-(2,3-二氢苯并呋喃-5-基)-丙酸(I)制备新方法,是以价廉易得的对甲苯酚和2-卤乙醛或2-卤缩乙醛为起始原料,其合成路线如下:
(式中:R1,R2表示H、C1-12的直链烷基或支链烷基或环烷基、或R1,R2相连形成环状;X表示Cl、Br、I)。
对于上述合成路线,其具体步骤为:
A)以对甲苯酚(1)为起始原料,在碱性条件下与2-卤乙醛或2-卤缩乙醛缩合,得2-(4-甲基苯氧基)乙醛或缩乙醛类化合物(2);
B)由步骤A)得到的2-(4-甲基苯氧基)乙醛或缩乙醛类化合物(2)在质子酸或Lewis酸催化下,经Friedel-Crafts反应,得5-甲基苯并呋喃(3);
C)由步骤B)得到的5-甲基苯并呋喃(3)在卤化剂存在下,经苄位卤代反应,得5-卤甲基苯并呋喃(4);
D)由步骤C)得到的5-卤甲基苯并呋喃(4)经氧化反应,得苯并呋喃-5-甲醛(5);
E)由步骤D)得到的苯并呋喃-5-甲醛(5)碱性条件下与丙二酸或丙二酸酯经Knoevenagel缩合、水解脱羧,得(E)-3-(苯并呋喃-5-基)丙烯酸(6);
F)由步骤E)得到的(E)-3-(苯并呋喃-5-基)丙烯酸(6)经催化氢化还原,得3-(2,3-二氢苯并呋喃-5-基)丙酸(I)。
上述合成3-(2,3-二氢苯并呋喃-5-基)丙酸的方法具体描述如下:
步骤A):对甲苯酚(1)在有机溶剂和碱性条件下与2-卤乙醛或2-卤缩乙醛缩合,得2-(4-甲基苯氧基)乙醛或缩乙醛类化合物(2);其中,反应溶剂为:C1-6脂肪醇、C3-8脂肪酮、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、醚类(如:乙醚、异丙醚、甲基叔丁基醚、四氢呋喃、乙二醇二甲醚等)、C1-6脂肪酸与C1-6脂肪醇所形成酯、卤代烃(如:二氯甲烷、氯仿、1,2-二氯乙烷、邻二氯苯等)、芳香烃或取代芳香烃、乙腈,优选为二氯甲烷、氯仿、四氢呋喃、乙腈、丙酮;反应所用碱为:碱金属或碱土金属氢氧化物、碱金属或碱土金属碳酸盐、碱金属或碱土金属碳酸氢盐、哌啶、四氢吡咯、有机叔胺类(如:三乙胺、三丁胺、三辛胺、吡啶、N,N-二甲基-α-苯乙胺、N-甲基吗啉、N-甲基哌啶、三乙烯二胺、1,8-二氮杂双环[5,4,0]十一碳-7-烯等)、或上述各种碱的组合,优选碱为:碳酸钾、碳酸钠、碳酸氢钠、吡啶、三乙胺、N-甲基吗啉;2-卤乙醛选自:2-氯乙醛、2-溴乙醛;2-卤缩乙醛为:2-氯乙醛或2-溴乙醛与C1-12脂肪醇或C1-12二醇形成的缩醛,优选为:溴代乙缩乙醛、2-(溴甲基)-1,3-二噁烷;对甲苯酚(1):2-卤乙醛或2-卤缩乙醛∶碱的摩尔投料比为1.0∶1.0~4.0∶0.5~4.0,优选为1.0∶1.0~2.0∶1.0~2.0;反应温度为室温~160℃,优选为50℃~80℃;反应时间为1~48小时,优选为2~18小时。
步骤B):由步骤A)得到的2-(4-甲基苯氧基)乙醛或缩乙醛类化合物(2)在有机溶剂中和质子酸或Lewis酸催化下,经Friedel-Crafts反应,得5-甲基苯并呋喃(3);其中,反应所用溶剂为:卤代烃(如:二氯甲烷、氯仿、1,2-二氯乙烷、邻二氯苯等)、脂肪烃(如:己烷、庚烷、辛烷等)、芳香烃或取代芳香烃、醚类(如:乙醚、异丙醚、甲基叔丁基醚、四氢呋喃等)、乙酸乙酯、二硫化碳、硝基甲烷、硝基芳香烃、石油醚,优选溶剂为:苯、二硫化碳、1,2-二氯乙烷、甲苯、硝基甲烷;质子酸催化剂为:多聚磷酸(PPA)、H3PO4/P2O5混合物、浓硫酸,优选为多聚磷酸(PPA);Lewis酸催化剂为:ZnCl2、TiCl4、SnCl4、AlCl3、FeCl3、BF3乙醚溶液,优选为AlCl3、ZnCl2、BF3;化合物(2)与质子酸或Lewis酸的摩尔投料比为1.0∶1.0~10.0,优选摩尔投料比为1.0∶1.0~3.0;反应温度为-20℃~150℃,优选为50℃~100℃;反应时间为0.5~48小时,优选为2~8小时。
步骤C):由步骤B)得到的5-甲基苯并呋喃(3)在有机溶剂中与卤化剂反应,得5-卤甲基苯并呋喃(4);其中,反应所用溶剂为:卤代烃(如:二氯甲烷、氯仿、1,2-二氯乙烷、邻二氯苯等)、脂肪烃(如:己烷、庚烷、辛烷等)、二硫化碳、石油醚,优选溶剂为:四氯化碳、苯、己烷;卤化剂为:卤素、N-卤代酰胺(如:N-氯代丁二酰亚胺、N-溴代丁二酰亚胺、N-氯代乙酰胺、N-溴代乙酰胺、三氯异氰尿酸、三溴异氰尿酸)、硫酰卤、次卤酸酯(如:次氯酸叔丁酯),优选卤化剂为:N-溴代丁二酰亚胺、三氯异氰尿酸、硫酰氯、次氯酸叔丁酯;化合物(3)与卤化剂的摩尔投料比为1.0∶1.0~10.0,优选摩尔投料比为1.0∶1.0~3.0;反应温度为20℃~150℃,优选为30℃~80℃;反应时间为1~24小时,优选为3~10小时。
步骤D):由步骤C)得到的5-卤甲基苯并呋喃(4)在有机溶剂中经氧化剂氧化,得苯并呋喃-5-甲醛(5);其中,反应溶剂为:卤代烃(如:二氯甲烷、氯仿、1,2-二氯乙烷、邻二氯苯等)、芳香烃或取代芳香烃、乙腈、醚类(如:乙醚、异丙醚、甲基叔丁基醚、四氢呋喃、乙二醇二甲醚等)、C3-8脂肪酮、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、C2-8脂肪羧酸,优选为二氯甲烷、氯仿、甲苯、乙腈、丙酮、乙酸;氧化剂优选为:二甲亚砜、六次甲基四胺(乌洛托品)、四正丁铵重铬酸盐、二氧化锰;化合物(4)与氧化剂的摩尔投料比为1.0∶1.0~10.0,优选摩尔投料比为1.0∶1.0~3.0;反应温度为0℃~150℃,优选为40~120℃;反应时间为1~24小时,优选为1~10小时。
步骤E):由步骤D)得到的苯并呋喃-5-甲醛(5)碱性条件下与丙二酸或丙二酸酯经Knoevenagel缩合、水解脱羧,得(E)-3-(苯并呋喃-5-基)丙烯酸(6);其中,缩合反应溶剂为:C1-6脂肪醇、C3-8脂肪酮、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、吡啶、醚类(如:乙醚、异丙醚、甲基叔丁基醚、四氢呋喃、乙二醇二甲醚等)、C1-6脂肪酸与C1-6脂肪醇所形成酯、卤代烃(如:二氯甲烷、氯仿、1,2-二氯乙烷、邻二氯苯等)、芳香烃或取代芳香烃、乙腈,优选为二氯甲烷、氯仿、四氢呋喃、乙腈、甲醇、乙醇;缩合反应所用碱为:哌啶、四氢吡咯、α-氨基酸类、有机叔胺类(如:三乙胺、三丁胺、三辛胺、吡啶、N,N-二甲基-α-苯乙胺、N-甲基吗啉、N-甲基哌啶、三乙烯二胺、1,8-二氮杂双环[5,4,0]十一碳-7-烯等)、碱金属或碱土金属氢氧化物、碱金属或碱土金属碳酸盐、碱金属或碱土金属碳酸氢盐、或上述各种碱的组合,优选碱为:哌啶、四氢吡咯、哌啶/吡啶(1∶1)混合物、N-甲基吗啉;化合物(5):丙二酸或丙二酸酯∶碱的摩尔投料比为1.0∶1.0~4.0∶0.1~4.0,优选为1.0∶1.3~2.6∶0.1~2.0;缩合反应温度为室温~150℃,优选为30℃~120℃;缩合反应时间为1~24小时,优选为2~12小时。
步骤F):由步骤E)得到的(E)-3-(苯并呋喃-5-基)丙烯酸(6),在有机溶剂中经催化氢化还原,得3-(2,3-二氢苯并呋喃-5-基)丙酸(I);其中,氢化反应所用溶剂为:C1-6脂肪醇、C3-8脂肪酮、C1-6脂肪酸、C1-6脂肪酸与C1-6脂肪醇所形成酯、醚类(如乙醚、异丙醚、甲基叔丁基醚、四氢呋喃、乙二醇二甲醚等)、芳香烃或取代芳香烃、脂肪烃(如:己烷、庚烷、辛烷等),优选溶剂为甲苯、异丙醇、四氢呋喃、乙酸;反应可在单一溶剂中进行,也可在混合溶剂中进行,混合溶剂体积比为1∶0.1~10;催化氢化所用催化剂为:1%~30%Pd-C、钯黑、高分子载体负载的钯(如:D61-Pd、D72-Pd、D153-Pd、D261-Pd、D290-Pd等)、1%~30%Pd(OH)2-C、醋酸钯、二氯化钯、Raney-Ni、Rh-Al2O3、PtO2、Ni-Al中的一种或其组合物,优选催化剂为:Raney-Ni、5%~20%Pd-C、5%~20%Pd(OH)2-C;化合物(6)与催化剂的质量比为1.0∶0.01~1.0;反应压力为常压~10.0MPa,优选常压~2.0MPa;反应温度为室温~150℃,优选为室温~80℃;反应时间为1~48小时,优选为1~24小时。
本发明的优点在于:与现有技术相比,该方法所用原料价廉易得、反应条件温和、反应所需溶剂不需无水处理,操作简便、成本低、收率高、“三废”污染少,适合大量制备3-(2,3-二氢苯并呋喃-5-基)丙酸等特点。
具体实施方式
通过下面的实施例可对本发明进行进一步的描述,然而,本发明的范围并不限于下述实施例。本领域的专业人员能够理解,在不背离本发明的精神和范围的前提下,可以对本发明进行各种变化和修饰。
实施例1
2-(4-甲基苯氧基)-二乙缩乙醛(2a)的制备
在反应瓶中依次加入对甲苯酚10.81g(0.1mol)、溴代乙缩醛21.68g(0.11mol)、无水K2CO3 16.56g(0.12mol)和丙酮80ml,升温回流搅拌反应12h,反应结束后,过滤,滤液减压蒸除溶剂,残余油状物溶于氯仿100ml中,依次用10%的氢氧化钠水溶液20ml、饱和NaCl水溶液25ml洗涤,有机层经无水Na2SO4干燥,过滤,减压蒸除溶剂,得2-(4-甲基苯氧基)-二乙缩乙醛21.31g,收率95.0%。
实施例2
2-(4-甲基苯氧基)-乙醛(2b)的制备
操作过程同实施例1,只是将溴代乙缩醛用40%一氯乙醛水溶液替代,丙酮用N,N-二甲基甲酰胺替代,得2-(4-甲基苯氧基)-乙醛,收率88.5%。
实施例3
5-甲基苯并呋喃(3)的制备
将2-(4-甲基苯氧基)-二乙缩乙醛17.95g(0.08mol)、多聚磷酸20.0g、1,2-二氯乙烷200ml加入反应瓶中,升温回流搅拌反应2h,反应结束后,加入冰水100ml,搅拌均匀后,分出有机层,依次用10%碳酸钠水溶液50ml、饱和NaCl水溶液25ml洗涤,有机层经无水Na2SO4干燥,过滤,减压蒸馏,得无色5-甲基苯并呋喃液体9.16g,收率86.6%。1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHz)δ:7.57(d,J=1.8Hz,1H,Ar-H2),7.38(d,J=7.2Hz,1H,Ar-H7),7.37(s,1H,Ar-H4),7.10(d,J=7.2Hz,1H,Ar-H6),6.69(d,J=1.8Hz,1H,Ar-H3),2.44(s,1H,Ar-CH3)。
实施例4
5-甲基苯并呋喃(3)的制备
操作过程同实施例3,只是将多聚磷酸用三氟化硼乙醚溶液替代,得无色5-甲基苯并呋喃液体,收率79.2%。
实施例5
5-溴甲基苯并呋喃(4a)的制备
在反应瓶中加入5-甲基苯并呋喃13.22g(0.1mol)、N-溴代丁二酰亚胺35.60g(0.2mol)、催化量过氧化苯甲酰和四氯化碳150ml,升温回流搅拌反应6h,反应结束后,冷却,过滤,滤液减压蒸除溶剂,残余油状物溶于氯仿100ml中,依次用10%的碳酸钠水溶液20ml、饱和NaCl水溶液25ml洗涤,有机层经无水Na2SO4干燥,过滤,减压蒸除溶剂,得5-溴甲基苯并呋喃20.73g,收率98.2%。
实施例6
5-氯甲基苯并呋喃(4b)的制备
操作过程同实施例5,只是将N-溴代丁二酰亚胺用三氯异氰尿酸替代,四氯化碳用环己烷替代,得5-氯甲基苯并呋喃,收率95.0%。
实施例7
苯并呋喃-5-甲醛(5)的制备
在反应瓶中加入5-溴甲基苯并呋喃16.89g(0.08mol)、碳酸氢钠13.44g(0.16mol)和二甲亚砜100ml,升温至90~100℃保温搅拌反应30min,反应结束后,冷却,加入冰水150ml,用乙醚50ml×2提取,有机层合并后,依次用10%碳酸钠水溶液25ml、饱和NaCl水溶液25ml洗涤,经无水Na2SO4干燥,过滤,减压蒸馏,得无色苯并呋喃-5-甲醛液体5.55g,收率56.0%。1H NMR(CDCl3,600MHz)δ:10.08(s,1H,CHO),8.16(d,J=1.2Hz,1H,Ar-H4),7.87(dd,J1=1.2Hz,J2=8.4Hz,1H,Ar-H6),7.73(d,J=2.4Hz,1H,Ar-H2),7.63(d,J=8.4Hz,1H,Ar-H7),6.91(d,J=1.8Hz,1H,Ar-H3);13C NMR(CDCl3,100MHz)δ:192.0(C=O),158.8(Ar-C7a),147.1(Ar-C2),132.5(Ar-C3a),128.5(Ar-C5),126.2(Ar-C6),125.1(Ar-C4),112.5(Ar-C7),107.7(Ar-C3)。
实施例8
苯并呋喃-5-甲醛(5)的制备
将5-氯甲基苯并呋喃13.33g(0.08mol)、六次甲基四胺14.02g(0.10mol)、乙酸50ml和去离子水50ml混合,升温回流搅拌反应1h后,加入浓盐酸40ml,继续回流搅拌反应20min,反应结束后,冷却,用乙醚50ml×2提取,有机层合并后,依次用10%碳酸钠水溶液25ml、饱和NaCl水溶液25ml洗涤,经无水Na2SO4干燥,过滤,减压蒸馏,得无色苯并呋喃-5-甲醛液体9.19g,收率78.6%;1H NMR谱与实施例7一致。
实施例9
(E)-3-(苯并呋喃-5-基)丙烯酸(6)的制备
在反应瓶中加入苯并呋喃-5-甲醛14.62g(0.1mol)、丙二酸15.62g(0.15mol)、哌啶2.0ml和吡啶60ml,升温回流搅拌反应4h后,减压蒸除溶剂,残余物倒入去离子水100ml中,用10%盐酸水溶液调节pH至强酸性,抽滤,所得粗品用乙酸乙酯重结晶,得(E)-3-(苯并呋喃-5-基)丙烯酸的白色结晶14.53g,mp:175~176℃,收率77.2%。1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHz)δ:11.2(brs,1H,COOH),7.91(d,J=15.6Hz,1H,ArCH=),7.85(s,1H,Ar-H4),7.66(d,J=2.0Hz,1H,Ar-H2),7.54(d,J=8.8Hz,1H,Ar-H7),7.51(d,J=8.8Hz,1H,Ar-H6),6.81(d,J=2.0Hz,1H,Ar-H3),6.46(d,J=15.6Hz,1H,=CHCOOH)。
实施例10
(E)-3-(苯并呋喃-5-基)丙烯酸(6)的制备
在反应瓶中加入苯并呋喃-5-甲醛7.31g(0.05mol)、丙二酸二乙酯8.81g(0.055mol)、哌啶0.48g(0.0057mol)和无水乙醇50ml,50℃搅拌反应12h,反应结束后,减压蒸除溶剂,残余物中加入10%氢氧化钠水溶液30ml,室温搅拌3h,用10%盐酸水溶液调节pH至强酸性,抽滤,所得粗品用乙酸乙酯重结晶,得(E)-3-(苯并呋喃-5-基)丙烯酸的白色结晶7.90g,mp:174~176℃,收率83.9%;1HNMR谱与实施例9一致。
实施例11
3-(2,3-二氢苯并呋喃-5-基)丙酸(I)的制备
在反应瓶中加入(E)-3-(苯并呋喃-5-基)丙烯酸18.82g(0.1mol)、乙醇80ml、乙酸20ml,室温搅拌至固体全溶后,加入10%Pd-C催化剂1.5g,反应瓶用氢气置换三次后,于常温、常压下搅拌反应12小时;反应结束后,过滤,少量乙醇洗涤滤饼,滤液及洗液合并后,减压蒸除溶剂,得3-(2,3-二氢苯并呋喃-5-基)丙酸的白色结晶19.03g,mp:94~96℃,收率99.0%。1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHz)δ:7.05(s,1H,Ar-H4),6.94(d,J=8.0Hz,1H,Ar-H6),6.71(d,J=8.0Hz,1H,Ar-H7),4.55(t,J=8.8Hz,2H,OCH2),3.18(t,J=8.8Hz,2H,ArCH2CH2O),2.89(t,J=6.4Hz,2H,ArCH2),2.66(t,J=6.4Hz,2H,CH2COOH),hidden(COOH)。
实施例12
3-(2,3-二氢苯并呋喃-5-基)丙酸(I)的制备
操作过程同实施例11,只是将10%Pd-C催化剂用Raney Ni替代,还原反应在0.1MPa氢压下进行,得3-(2,3-二氢苯并呋喃-5-基)丙酸的白色结晶,mp:94~96℃,收率97.5%;1HNMR谱与实施例11一致。
本发明不限于上述实施例。
Claims (1)
1.一种3-(2,3-二氢苯并呋喃-5-基)-丙酸(I)的制备方法,
其特征在于:
A)以对甲苯酚(1)为起始原料,在有机溶剂和碱性条件下与2-卤乙醛或2-卤缩乙醛缩合,得2-(4-甲基苯氧基)乙醛或缩乙醛类化合物(2),
式中:R1,R2表示C1-12直链烷基;
B)由步骤A)得到的2-(4-甲基苯氧基)乙醛或缩乙醛类化合物(2)在有机溶剂中和多聚磷酸或BF3乙醚催化下,经Friedel-Crafts反应,得5-甲基苯并呋喃(3),
C)由步骤B)得到的5-甲基苯并呋喃(3)在有机溶剂中与卤化剂反应,得5-卤甲基苯并呋喃(4),所用卤化剂为:N-氯代丁二酰亚胺、N-溴代丁二酰亚胺、三氯异氰尿酸、或三溴异氰尿酸,
式中:X表示Cl、Br;
D)由步骤C)得到的5-卤甲基苯并呋喃(4)在有机溶剂中经氧化剂氧化,得苯并呋喃-5-甲醛(5),所用氧化剂为:二甲亚砜、六次甲基四胺、或二氧化锰,
E)由步骤D)得到的苯并呋喃-5-甲醛(5)在碱性条件下与丙二酸经Knoevenagel缩合、水解脱羧,得(E)-3-(苯并呋喃-5-基)丙烯酸(6),
F)由步骤E)得到的(E)-3-(苯并呋喃-5-基)丙烯酸(6),在有机溶剂中经催化氢化还原,得3-(2,3-二氢苯并呋喃-5-基)丙酸(I),催化剂为Raney-Ni或5%-20%Pd-C。
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