CN101479558A - Multilayered material sheet and process for its preparation - Google Patents
Multilayered material sheet and process for its preparation Download PDFInfo
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- CN101479558A CN101479558A CNA2007800240304A CN200780024030A CN101479558A CN 101479558 A CN101479558 A CN 101479558A CN A2007800240304 A CNA2007800240304 A CN A2007800240304A CN 200780024030 A CN200780024030 A CN 200780024030A CN 101479558 A CN101479558 A CN 101479558A
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Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
- F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
- F41H5/02—Plate construction
- F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/14—Layered products comprising a layer of metal next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a multilayered material sheet comprising a consolidated stack of unidirectional monolayers of drawn polymer. The draw direction of two subsequent monolayers in the stack differs. Moreover the strength to thickness ratio of at least one monolayer is larger than 4.5.10<13> N/m<3>. The invention also relates to a ballistic resistant article comprising the multilayered material sheet and to a process for the preparation of the ballistic resistant article.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of multilayered material sheet, it comprises a fixed folded one-way single-layer of being made by strained polymer, and relates to the manufacture method of above-mentioned multilayered material sheet.The invention still further relates to the ballistic-resistant article that contains multilayered material sheet.
By EP 1627719 known a kind of multilayered material sheets, this multilayered material sheet comprises a fixed folded one-way single-layer of being made by strained polymer.The disclosed multilayered material sheet of this piece publication comprises a plurality of one-way single-layers of being made up of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, does not have adhesive matrix basically, wherein, and the draw direction difference of two adjacent monolayer in the lamination.Individual layer among the EP 1627719 in the disclosed multilayer material is manufactured by the following: a plurality of tapes of ultra high molecular weight polyethylene are disposed adjacent one another, and wherein each band of adjacent layout is overlapped at least along their lateral margin (side edge).Do not have lap, can't produce known multilayer material.And in order to obtain better ballistic performance, the plate of material among the EP1627719A1 is become by ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene specially, does not have adhesive matrix basically.
Although the multilayered material sheet according to EP 1627719A1 has gratifying ballistic performance, this performance can further be improved.
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of multilayered material sheet, this multilayered material sheet has and at least similarly ballistic performance and manufacturing easily of known materials.
Purpose according to the present invention realizes by following multilayered material sheet is provided, described multilayered material sheet comprises a fixed folded one-way single-layer of being made by strained polymer, wherein, the draw direction difference of two adjacent monolayer in the described lamination, wherein at least one individual layer comprises the unidirectional tape that at least one is made by strained polymer, each band comprises longitudinal edge, next-door neighbour and wherein along most of length of described longitudinal edge, and described individual layer does not have overlapping or does not have areas of elevated thickness.Preferably, next-door neighbour and along at least 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90% or 95% length of the longitudinal edge of described at least one unidirectional tape does not have overlapping in the described individual layer or does not have areas of elevated thickness.Most preferably, along and the whole length that is close to the longitudinal edge of described at least one unidirectional tape, do not have overlapping in the described individual layer or do not have areas of elevated thickness.
The individual layer that forms does not have overlapping or excessive binder, and this can make, and individual layer is easier to be piled up and be compressed into the multilayered material sheet with even surface density easilier, thereby causes the ballistic performance on the described multi-layer sheet more even.
In an embodiment of the invention, the method that above-mentioned purpose is made this multilayered material sheet by a kind of multilayered material sheet and being used to realizes, described sheet material comprises a fixed folded one-way single-layer of being made by strained polymer, wherein, the draw direction difference of two adjacent monolayer in the described lamination, wherein at least one individual layer comprises a plurality of unidirectional tape of being made, being arranged with equidirectional by strained polymer, and wherein adjacent band is not overlapping.
The result, according to multilayered material sheet of the present invention, i.e. wherein next-door neighbour and the plate that do not have areas of elevated thickness (for example not have basically band longitudinally overlapping or less than the band that combines by overlapping jointing material) on the longitudinal edge of unidirectional tape basically on a large scale, not only improved the ballistic performance of this sheet material, and the degree of improving is high unexpectedly.Preferably, in the above-mentioned individual layer not along (non-laterally stride across) and be close to the areas of elevated thickness that the longitudinal edge of at least one unidirectional tape extends.With compare by the caused areas of elevated thickness of the lateral overlap of unidirectional tape (for example when unidirectional tape be arranged viewed situation when forming braiding structure), along and the uniform fixed lamination of the more difficult formation of appearance of the areas of elevated thickness of the longitudinal edge of next-door neighbour's unidirectional tape.
Particularly preferred multilayered material sheet according to the present invention comprises a folded individual layer, and wherein, each individual layer is made of a plurality of unidirectional tape of being made, being arranged with equidirectional by strained polymer, and in each individual layer, adjacent band is not overlapping.Plate of material of the present invention is more even than known material sheet will.In fact, in the lap position, known material sheet will has the zone that surface density increases.In plate of material of the present invention, these zones do not appear or occur on less degree.This feature has shockingly been improved ballistic performance.
In the multilayered material sheet of the present invention, individual layer preferably is manufactured by the following: the mode of adjacency (preferably with) arranges so that the as close as possible each other mode of their longitudinal edge with a plurality of bands.Yet in order on commercial scale, to make individual layer, allow to exist between the adjacent ribbons gap (be that adjacent ribbons does not contact along their longitudinal edge in the individual layer, the gap is greater than 0%) with the speed of economy.Preferably, the material according to the invention plate have a following feature: the gap in the individual layer between the adjacent ribbons is less than 10% of the width of adjacent unidirectional tapes, even be more preferably less than adjacent unidirectional tapes width 5%, even be more preferably less than adjacent unidirectional tapes width 3%.Most preferably, in the individual layer gap between the adjacent ribbons less than 1% of the width of adjacent unidirectional tapes.
The plate of material of this preferred implementation is made easily and ballistic performance level and plate of material very close to each other are similar.Although individual layer according to the present invention preferably is manufactured by the following: a plurality of bands are abutted one another along their longitudinal edges arrange, but only the individual layer made of the band that has enough width by (enough wide) also falls within the scope of the invention, because next-door neighbour and areas of elevated thickness do not occur on the length of the longitudinal edge of at least one unidirectional tape in this individual layer.
Thereby make each band and adjacent ribbons parallel-oriented and make the adjacent band of most of amount (promptly at least 90%) not overlapping by a plurality of drawn polymer tapes of arranging, can obtain to compare the ballistic performance of improvement with known materials.According to the prior art of describing among EP 1627719 A1, one-way single-layer comprises many unidirectional polyethylene bands of high strength, and it is parallel-oriented but overlap described overlay region field width 5mm to 40mm in a plane.According to another embodiment, wide about 5 to 20mm narrow polymeric membrane is placed on two contact areas between the adjacent ribbons.In preferred implementation according to the present invention, another advantage of multilayered material sheet is, need not above-mentioned extra polymeric membrane in order to obtain good ballistic performance.And, adopt the band that does not have areas of elevated thickness as defined herein, under pressure, pile up the multilayered material sheet that obtains with fixed a plurality of individual layers subsequently and compared with prior art have more uniform surface density and thickness.
The particularly preferred embodiment of multilayered material sheet of the present invention has following feature: the polymer of making multilayered material sheet is selected from polyolefin, polyester, polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylonitrile, polyamide (especially poly-(right-the phenylene terephthalamide)), liquid crystal polymer and scalariform polymer (such as polybenzimidazoles or polybenzoxazole, especially gather (1,4-phenylene-2,6-Ben Bing Er oxazole) or poly-(2,6-diimidazole also [4,5-b-4 ', 5 '-e] pyridine-1,4-(2, the 5-dihydroxy) phenylene)).Unidirectional tape of being made by these polymer and individual layer are preferably height-oriented by under proper temperature various material forms (for example film) being stretched." unidirectional tape and individual layer " means in the application's context, and (promptly on draw direction) has the band and the individual layer of the polymer chain of preferred orientation in one direction.Above-mentioned band and individual layer can preferably by simple tension, be made, and have anisotropic mechanical performance by stretching.
Multilayered material sheet of the present invention allows to use the strained polymer with relatively low intensity, thereby does not need ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene to obtain good ballistic performance.Yet preferred implementation of the present invention comprises ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene.Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene can be linear or branching, but the preferred linear polyethylene that uses.Linear polyethylene is understood that to mean herein, has the polyethylene less than 1 side chain on per 100 carbon atoms, has the polyethylene less than 1 side chain on preferred per 300 carbon atoms; Wherein side chain or side chain comprise at least 10 carbon atoms usually.For example described in the EP0269151, can be suitably on the thick compacting film of 2mm, side chain be measured by FTIR.Linear polyethylene can further comprise at the most 5mol% can with one or more other alkene of ethylene copolymer, for example propylene, butylene, amylene, 4-methylpentene, octene.Preferably, linear polyethylene has high molecular weight, and its inherent viscosity (IV measures decahydronaphthalenes solution under 135 ℃) is at least 4dl/g, and more preferably 8dl/g at least most preferably is 10dl/g at least.Above-mentioned polyethylene is also referred to as ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene.Inherent viscosity is measuring of molecular weight, and it is than the easier mensuration of actual molar mass parameters (as Mn and Mw).Such polyethylene film has particularly advantageous ballistic performance.
Can make the form of film according to band of the present invention.The method for optimizing that is used to form above-mentioned film or band comprises: polymeric powder is fed in raw material between the endless belt (endless belt) of combination, under the temperature that is lower than described polymeric powder fusing point, carry out compression molded to it, and the polymer that the rolling gained is compression molded then stretches.For example described said method in EP0 733 460 A2, above-mentioned patent documentation inserts herein by reference.If necessary, before reinforced and compression molded polymer powder, polymer powder can mix with suitable liquid organic compound, and the boiling point of these liquid organic compound is higher than the fusing point of described polymer.Compression molded can also enforcement by the following: temporarily polymer powder is retained between the endless belt, carries them simultaneously.This for example can realize by the compression cylinder and/or the roller that link to each other with endless belt are provided.The UHMWPE polymer that uses in this method need be stretchable under solid-state.
Another method for optimizing that is used to form film comprises: polymer is fed in the extruder, is being higher than extruded film under the temperature of described melting point polymer, and the polymeric membrane that stretches and extruded.If necessary, add to polymer in the extruder before, polymer can mix with suitable liquid organic compound for example forming gel, such as preferred this situation when using ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene.
Can stretch to made film by manner known in the art, preferably carry out simple tension.Described mode comprises that extruding stretches and extend stretches on suitable draw unit.For mechanical strength and the rigidity (stiffness) that obtains to improve, can carry out multi-step tension.Under the situation of preferred ultra high molecular weight polyethylene films, implement the simple tension of a plurality of stretching step usually.First stretching step for example can comprise that being stretched to draw ratio is 3.Multi-step tension can obtain usually, for draft temperature draw ratio 9 up to 120 ℃, for draft temperature draw ratio 25 up to 140 ℃, for up to the draft temperature draw ratio 50 that is higher than 150 ℃.By carry out multi-step tension under the temperature that constantly raises, draw ratio can reach about 50 or bigger.This obtains high strength tapes, wherein for tapes of ultra high molecular weight polyethylene, can obtain 1.50GPa to 1.8GPa and higher intensity.
The gained drawn polymer tapes can be used as it is to make individual layer, perhaps can be cut to required width, perhaps along draw direction it is rived.Preferably, individual layer is made by the band of not riving.The width of the unidirectional tape of making thus only is used to make the restriction of width of the film of band.The width of band is preferably greater than 2mm, more preferably greater than 5mm, most preferably greater than 30mm.The surface density of band or individual layer can change in wide region, for example 5 to 200g/m
2Between change.Preferred surface density between 10 to 120g/m
2Between, more preferably between 15 to 80g/m
2Between, most preferably between 20 to 60g/m
2Between.
In another particularly preferred multilayered material sheet of the present invention, the following formation of at least one individual layer, the preferred all following formation of all individual layers, described individual layer is made, is arranged the unidirectional tape that forms textile structural by strained polymer and constituted by a plurality of.Above-mentioned band can be manufactured by the following: to the little fillet (small strip) made by strained polymer but not common carry out fiber is applied weaving technology, such as weaving, braiding etc.Although the little fillet of polymer has areas of elevated thickness in this embodiment, said fillet is overlapped at crosspoint place, the horizontal longitudinal edge of areas of elevated thickness to unidirectional tape, but not along and be close to longitudinal edge and extend.Each band (being the textile fabric of little fillet) is arranged, thereby do not had overlapping between the feasible adjacent ribbons with the equidirectional arrangement.By making the jointing line mode interlaced with each other in the different individual layers pile up band, can further improve ballistic performance.
In some embodiments, individual layer can comprise binding agent, its by local application with in conjunction with, stablize a plurality of unidirectional tape, thereby handling and making the structure that keeps individual layer in the one-way slabs process.For example among EP 0191306 B1, EP 1170925 A1, EP 0683374 B1 and EP 1144740 A1 suitable binding agent has been described.Can apply binding agent with various forms and mode, for example as horizontal stick (across unidirectional tape).In the forming process of individual layer, apply binding agent and help the stable of band, thereby can realize that the shorter production cycle avoids occurring between the adjacent ribbons overlapping simultaneously.
In one embodiment, apply binding agent along the longitudinal edge of unidirectional tape, thereby adjacent unidirectional tapes stably is close to.Because the effect of binding agent is temporarily to keep in the process of handling and make one-way slabs and stablize a plurality of unidirectional tape, so preferred part applies binding agent.It is to be restricted near near the applying longitudinal edge that the part applies binding agent, can comprise that intermittent part applies (the edge point-like applies along the longitudinal).
Preferably, binding agent apply make the maximum of individual layer increase thickness (chimb) be form individual layer unidirectional tape average thickness 150%.More preferably, 120%, 110% or 105% of the average thickness that applies a plurality of unidirectional tape that make that maximum increase thickness is the formation individual layer of binding agent.In another embodiment, the increase of the thickness in monolayer of the longitudinal edge that applies feasible next-door neighbour's unidirectional tape of binding agent is more preferably less than 3,2 or 1 microns less than 4 microns.
Apply in the embodiment of binding agent in intermittent part, the ratio of longitudinal edge that contains binding agent is preferably less than 50%, 30%, 20%, 10%, 5% or 2%.Similarly, the ratio of the longitudinal edge (or next-door neighbour longitudinal edge zone) of projection owing to apply binding agent of unidirectional tape is preferably less than 50%, 30%, 20%, 10%, 5% or 2%.Preferably, binding agent account for below 20% of individual layer or fixed lamination weight, below 10%, below 5%, below 2%, below 1%, below 0.5% or below 0.2%.
In other embodiments, thus can use associated methods the several portions of the longitudinal edge of adjacent elastic ribbon to be merged with intermittent mode such as ultra-sonic welded.
For in the individual layer with the adjacent monolayer band of intermittent mode along next-door neighbour's longitudinal edge combination, adjacent unidirectional tapes keeps with parallel arrangement mode.Applying of binding agent can make adjacent unidirectional tapes closely close, and do not have overlapping between next-door neighbour's longitudinal edge basically.The localized variation of thickness in monolayer has advantageously been reduced (comparing with the conventional monolayers that has an overlapping longitudinal edge or have an overlapping continuously polymeric adhesive fillet), this makes the fixed folded individual layer of gained have more homogeneous thickness, thereby has more uniform stress distribution.
Can in wide region, select in principle the individual layer of multilayered material sheet or the thickness of band.Yet preferably, multilayered material sheet according to the present invention has following feature: the thickness of at least one individual layer is no more than 120 μ m, more preferably no more than 50 μ m, most preferably between 5 to 29 μ m.If the thickness of all individual layers is no more than 120 μ m in the lamination,, most preferably between 3 to 29 μ m, obtain particularly advantageous ballistic performance so more preferably no more than 50 μ m.Multilayer material according to present invention further optimization has following feature: the thickness of at least one individual layer is greater than 10 μ m, but is no more than 50 μ m, preferably is no more than 100 μ m, more preferably no more than 120 μ m.Be defined as thickness required for protection by thickness, even adopt the quite limited individual layer of intensity also can shockingly obtain enough ballistic performances at least one individual layer in the lamination.
The intensity of each band mainly depends on the polymer of these bands of manufacturing and the draw ratio (unidirectional) of these bands in the multilayered material sheet.The intensity of band (and individual layer) is at least 0.75GPa, is preferably 0.9GPa at least, and 1.2GPa at least more preferably, even 1.5GPa at least more preferably, even 1.8GPa at least more preferably, even 2.1GPa at least more preferably most preferably are 3GPa at least.One-way single-layer preferably is connected to each other each other fully, this means that one-way single-layer can layering under normal service condition (for example room temperature).
Multilayered material sheet according to the present invention preferably includes at least 2 one-way single-layers, preferably includes at least 4 one-way single-layers, more preferably comprises at least 6 one-way single-layers, even more preferably comprises and most preferably comprise at least 10 one-way single-layers by at least 8 one-way single-layers.The quantity that increases one-way single-layer in the multilayered material sheet of the present invention will be simplified the process of being made goods (for example making armour) by these plate of material.
In an embodiment of the invention, provide a kind of method that is used to make multilayered material sheet, described method comprises:
(a) at least one first strained polymer unidirectional tape is arranged on the moving substrate, thereby forms first individual layer, wherein, next-door neighbour and along most of length of the longitudinal edge of described at least one unidirectional tape, described individual layer does not have areas of elevated thickness;
(b) described first individual layer is remained on the described moving substrate;
(c) at least one second strained polymer unidirectional tape is arranged on described first individual layer, thereby forms second individual layer, wherein, the direction of described second individual layer is with respect to the angled α of described first individual layer; And
(d) compress the lamination that forms thus, thereby make its single-layer, consolidated.
Fixed single layer stack compared with prior art has more homogeneous thickness/surface density, reason is, in individual layer (preferably in each individual layer), along and be close to the areas of elevated thickness of longitudinal edge of at least one unidirectional tape reduced or do not have an above-mentioned areas of elevated thickness.
In preferred implementation of the present invention, provide a kind of method that is used to make with multilayered material sheet required for protection.Described method of the present invention comprises the steps:
(a) provide a plurality of drawn polymer tapes, arrange described band, and adjacent ribbons basically can be not overlapping so that each band and adjacent ribbons are parallel-oriented;
(b) described a plurality of drawn polymer tapes are arranged on the moving substrate, thereby form first individual layer;
(c) described first individual layer is remained on the described moving substrate;
(d) a plurality of strained polymer unidirectional tape are arranged on described first individual layer, thereby form second individual layer, wherein, the direction of described second individual layer is with respect to the angled α of described first individual layer; And
(e) compress the lamination that forms thus, thereby make its single-layer, consolidated.
Step (a) is optional to be comprised and applies binding agent or engagement means keeping or the stabilize adjacent band, thereby improves accessible throughput rate.Adopt the easy manufacturing of method required for protection not have overlapping region (zone that does not promptly have high areal density) multilayered material sheet basically.The plate of material of Zhi Zaoing has the ballistic performance of improvement with respect to the plate of material with overlapping region thus.
Preferably, a plurality of drawn polymer tapes are untied from uncoiler (unwinding station), and by carrying out step (d) on himself with a plurality of drawn polymer tapes are partially folded at least.More preferably, a plurality of drawn polymer tapes are arranged, thereby make the individual layer of winning, thereby and fold and make the moving direction almost parallel ground of broken line and described substrate extend with respect to the angled β of the moving direction of described substrate.The method according to this invention has following further feature: angle beta is between 40 to 50 degree, and most preferred angle beta is about 45 degree.
Another method for optimizing according to the present invention has following feature: described second individual layer to small part sticks on described first individual layer.This can be for example by ultra-sonic welded, by adding low melting point film, binding agent or easily realizing by other method that each layer combined.Described second individual layer is preferred enough strong to the adhesiveness of described first individual layer, thereby can be so that do not have independent band and/or individual layer to take place significantly to relatively move in the transportation of individual layer assembly.
The method according to this invention is made multilayered material sheet, wherein, and the draw direction difference angle α of two adjacent monolayer in the described lamination.For the method for optimizing that the moving direction almost parallel ground of broken line and described substrate extends, angle [alpha]=2 β.Although can be in wide region selected angle α, angle [alpha] is preferably between 45 to 135 °, more preferably between 65 to 115 °, most preferably between 80 to 100 °.In further preferred range, particularly preferred angle [alpha] is about 90 °.Material according to this preferred implementation manufacturing is called as cross-ply (cross-ply) in this area.
Multilayered material sheet according to the present invention is particularly suitable for making ballistic-resistant article, for example vest or armour plate.Armor application comprises, resists several projectile bodies (comprising and resist armoe-piercing cartridge that so-called AP bullet and grit are such as shell fragment and shrapnel) and impacts the application that threatens.
Ballistic-resistant article according to the present invention comprises at least 2 one-way single-layers, preferably includes at least 10 one-way single-layers, more preferably comprises at least 20 one-way single-layers, even more preferably comprises and most preferably comprise at least 40 one-way single-layers by at least 30 one-way single-layers.The draw direction difference angle α of two adjacent monolayer in the lamination.Described angle [alpha] is preferably between 45 to 135 °, more preferably between 65 to 115 °, most preferably between 80 to 100 °.
Preferably, ballistic-resistant article according to the present invention comprises other inorganic material plate, and described inorganic material is selected from pottery; Metal is preferably aluminium, magnesium, titanium, nickel, chromium and iron or their alloy; Glass; Graphite or its combination.Particularly preferably be metal.In these cases, the described metal in the metallic plate preferably has at least 350 ℃, more preferably at least 500 ℃, at least 600 ℃ fusing point most preferably.Suitable metal comprises aluminium, magnesium, titanium, copper, nickel, chromium, beryllium, iron and copper, the alloy that comprises them, for example steel and stainless steel, the alloy of aluminium and magnesium (so-called 5000 is aluminium), the alloy of the alloy of aluminium and zinc and magnesium or aluminium and zinc, magnesium and copper (so-called 7000 is aluminium).In the described alloy, for example the content of aluminium, magnesium, titanium and iron is preferably 50wt% at least.Preferred metallic plate comprises aluminium, magnesium, titanium, nickel, chromium, beryllium, iron (alloy that comprises them).More preferably, metallic plate is based on aluminium, magnesium, titanium, nickel, chromium, iron and their alloy.This makes the lightweight bulletproof goods have favorable durability.Even more preferably, iron in the metallic plate and alloy thereof have at least 500 Brinell hardness.Most preferably, metallic plate is based on aluminium, magnesium, titanium and their alloy.This obtains having the lightest ballistic-resistant article of the highest durability.Durability means among the application, the life-span of composite under the condition that is exposed to heat, moisture, light and UV radiation.Although other plate of material can be arranged in the optional position in the single layer stack, preferred ballistic-resistant article has following feature: other plate of material is positioned at the outside of single layer stack, most preferably is positioned at the surface of a wound that is subjected to of described single layer stack at least.
Ballistic-resistant article according to the present invention preferably includes, other plate that thickness is made for 100mm at the most, by above-mentioned inorganic material.Preferably, the maximum ga(u)ge of other inorganic material plate is 75mm, and more preferably 50mm most preferably is 25mm.This has obtained the optimum balance between weight and the ballistic performance.Preferably, be under the situation of metallic plate at other inorganic material plate, the thickness of described metallic plate is 0.25mm at least, more preferably 0.5mm at least most preferably is 0.75mm at least.This has obtained even better ballistic performance.
In order to improve the adhesiveness of other inorganic material plate and multilayered material sheet, optional it is carried out preliminary treatment.Suitable preliminary treatment to other plate comprises: mechanical treatment, for example by polishing or grinding roughening or clean surface; Chemical etching for example adopts nitric acid to carry out chemical etching; And it is laminated with polyethylene film.
In another embodiment of ballistic-resistant article, can between other plate and multilayered material sheet, apply binder course, for example adhesive.Above-mentioned adhesive can comprise epoxy resin, mylar, polyurethane resin or vinyl ester resin.Another preferred embodiment in, binder course may further include the textle layers or the nonwoven layers of inorfil (for example glass fibre or carbon fiber).Can also other layer be connected on the multilayered material sheet by the mechanical system of fixing (snap fit) such as screw fixings, bolting and snap close.Use under the situation that may run into the ballisticimpact application of resisting AP bullet, fragment or interim apparatus to cause bursting threat therein at ballistic-resistant article according to the present invention, other plate preferably includes the metallic plate that is covered by ceramic layer.By this way, obtain having the ballistic-resistant article of following hierarchy: ceramic layer/metal/at least two one-way slabs, the angled α of machine direction in the wherein said one-way slabs in the direction of fiber and the adjacent one-way plate.Suitable ceramic material for example comprises aluminium oxide, titanium oxide, silica, carborundum and boron carbide.The thickness of ceramic layer depends on the level of ballistic threat, but changes between 2mm to 30mm usually.Preferably this ballistic-resistant article is arranged that thereby ceramic layer is in the face of ballistic threat.
In an embodiment of the invention, a kind of method that is used to make ballistic-resistant article is provided, described method comprises: (a) stacked at least 2 simple tension polymer monolayers and the plate of material that is selected from pottery, steel, aluminium, titanium, glass and graphite or its combination, each polymer monolayers comprises at least one unidirectional tape, the draw direction difference of two adjacent monolayer in the wherein said lamination, at least one individual layer along and most of length of being close to the longitudinal edge of at least one unidirectional tape do not have areas of elevated thickness; (b) fixed laminated plate under uniform temperature and pressure.
In preferred implementation of the present invention, a kind of method that is used to make ballistic-resistant article is provided, described method comprises the steps: (a) stacked at least 2 simple tension polymer monolayers and is selected from other inorganic material plate of pottery, steel, aluminium, titanium, glass and graphite or its combination, the draw direction difference of two adjacent monolayer in the wherein said lamination, at least one individual layer (preferably all individual layers) comprises a plurality of unidirectional tape of being formed, being arranged with equidirectional by strained polymer, and adjacent ribbons is not overlapping; (b) fixed laminated plate under uniform temperature and pressure.
In other method, in above-described independent method for example, make the lamination of at least 2 simple tension polymer monolayers.Then with the step (a) of this method, with lamination and other plate of material combination that is selected from pottery, steel, aluminium, titanium, glass and graphite or its combination of preproduction.
Be suitable in hydraulic press, carrying out the consolidation step of above-mentioned all methods.Fixed meaning, thus individual layer relatively firmly is connected to and forms a unit on another individual layer.Usually the temperature of employing press is controlled the temperature in the consolidation process.Thereby select minimum temperature to obtain rational consolidation rate usually.Aspect this, suitable lowest temperature is 80 ℃, and this lower limit is preferably at least 100 ℃, more preferably at least 120 ℃, most preferably is at least 140 ℃.Selected maximum temperature is lower than drawn polymer monolayer is lost its high-mechanical property owing to for example fusion temperature.Preferably, this temperature is hanged down at least 10 ℃ than the melt temperature of drawn polymer monolayer, and preferred low at least 15 ℃, even more preferably low at least 20 ℃.Do not have in drawn polymer monolayer under the situation of clear and definite melt temperature, should read the temperature that drawn polymer monolayer begins to lose its mechanical performance and substitute melt temperature.Under the situation of preferred ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, selected temperature is lower than 145 ℃.Pressure in the consolidation process is preferably 7MPa at least, and 15MPa at least more preferably, even 20MPa at least more preferably most preferably are 35MPa at least.By this way, obtain unbending ballistic-resistant article.Usually in 5 to 120 minutes scope, this depends on the condition such as temperature, pressure and component thickness to fixed Best Times, and can examine by normal experiment.Under the situation of making crooked ballistic-resistant article, at first other plate of material is preformed into required form, fixed with individual layer and/or multilayered material sheet then is favourable.
Preferably, in order to obtain high ballistic performance, under pressure, implement cooling equally after at high temperature compression molded.It is enough low that preferred pressure remains to temperature at least, thereby prevent to relax.Those skilled in the art can determine this temperature.When manufacturing contained the ballistic-resistant article of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene individual layer, compression temperature was in 90 to 150 ℃ scope, preferably in 115 to 130 ℃ scope usually.Usually compression pressure is in 100 to 300bar scope, preferably in 100 to 180bar scope, more preferably in 120 to 160bar scope.And compression time is usually between 40 to 180 minutes.
Multilayered material sheet of the present invention is compared advantageous particularly with ballistic-resistant article with the bullet resistant material of previously known; because they provide identical with known articles at least protection level under significantly lower weight, perhaps comparing the ballistic performance that improvement is provided under the equal weight with known articles.Raw material is inexpensive, and manufacturing process is shorter relatively, thereby cost efficiency is higher.Because can use different polymer to make multilayered material sheet of the present invention, therefore optimize character separately according to application-specific.Except bullet-proof, other character for example comprises heat endurance, pot-life, deformation resistance, the ability that combines with other plate of material, formability etc.
Further explain the present invention by following Fig. 1-4 now, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
Fig. 1 schematically shows the embodiment of the equipment of implementing the inventive method.
Fig. 2 schematically shows multilayered material sheet.
Fig. 3 schematically shows monolayer of woven tapes.
Fig. 4 schematically shows multilayered material sheet.
With reference to Fig. 1, show the equipment 1 that is used to make multilayered material sheet with claimed type.This equipment comprises the device 2 that is used to provide a plurality of drawn polymer tapes 10.This device 2 for example can comprise the uncoiler that is used for polymeric tapes 10 volumes.Thereby arranged polymeric tapes 10 each band 10 are parallel-oriented with adjacent band 10.Equipment 1 also comprises moving substrate (movingsubstrate) 3, and in the embodiment shown, it is by the belt of two cylindrical rolls, 4 drivings.Belt 3 moves along the direction shown in the arrow with speed V3.Make band 10 by one group of mip rolls (niproller) (5a, thus 5b) a plurality of bands 10 are arranged on the substrate 3.A plurality of bands 10 by maintenance equipment (for example by in perforation on the substrate 3 and space 6 is provided) thus remain on the substrate 3, can be by make described space 6 be under the vacuum at the pump below the substrate 37.In movable substrate 3 back, place belt press, described belt press comprises two areas of heating surface (21,22) that driven by cylindrical roll 23
The method according to this invention comprises, a plurality of simple tension polymeric tapes 10 are untied from uncoiler 2 with speed V1.Band 10 arranged make that adjacent ribbons basically can be not overlapping thereby, and (usually less than 2mm) very close to each other basically between the adjacent ribbons.(5a 5b) provides band 10 by the mip rolls group then.As described in Figure 1, uncoiler 2 and mip rolls group (5a, assembly 5b) with speed V2 transversely direction cross substrate 3 back and forth.Vacuum belt substrate 3 moves along the direction that is substantially perpendicular to horizontal direction with speed V3.Ratio to V2 and V3 is selected, thereby a plurality of band 10 is arranged on the moving substrate 3 into about miter angle with the moving direction with respect to substrate 3, thereby forms first individual layer.The suction that produces by vacuum plant (6,7) remains on the moving substrate 3 described first individual layer.When uncoiler 2 arrives the opposite side of moving substrate 3, its moving direction that overturns, and mobile in the opposite direction uncoiler 2.Thereby a plurality of drawn polymer tapes 10 are partially folded at least on himself.More specifically, folding a plurality of drawn polymer tapes 10, thus make the moving direction almost parallel ground of broken line and substrate 3 extend.Thereby second individual layer is arranged on described first individual layer, and the direction of wherein said second individual layer is with respect to the angle of described first individual layer into about 90 degree.Do not have independent band and/or individual layer to relatively move in order to ensure the assembly that can transport first individual layer and second individual layer, described second band individual layer to the small part adheres on described first individual layer.Any other method that the suitable means that are applicable to above-mentioned steps include, but not limited to ultra-sonic welded, add low melt film, adhesive, heat fusing thing or each layer combined.
At last, the individual layer assembly that forms is thus infeeded on belt press or the calender 20, thus final fixed described multilayered material sheet.In belt press or calender 20, a plurality of bands that pile up combination under the temperature of the fusing point of approaching described band.In said embodiment, the gained multilayer material is the two layers of material of the cross folding made by band, wherein, the direction of band with respect to the moving direction of substrate 3 into about miter angle.
The width of a plurality of bands 10 is decided by the width of the multilayer material on belt press that is placed on label 20 or the calender, on the substrate 3 on the device 2.At band is that the width of a plurality of bands 10 equals under the situations of 45 degree with respect to the moving direction angulation β of substrate 3
The width of * multilayer material.
With reference to Fig. 2, show diagram presentation graphs according to multilayered material sheet of the present invention, described multilayered material sheet comprises fixed folded 2 one-way single-layers of being made by strained polymer, wherein, the draw direction of two adjacent monolayer revolves and turn 90 degrees in the lamination, wherein, each individual layer comprises a plurality of unidirectional tape by the strained polymer of arranging with equidirectional, and wherein adjacent ribbons can be not overlapping.For clear, each band extends out in the edge of multilayered material sheet.
With reference to Fig. 3, show diagram presentation graphs according to individual layer of the present invention, wherein, described individual layer is made of the unidirectional tape that a plurality of arrangements form the strained polymer of textile structural.
With reference to Fig. 4, show diagram presentation graphs according to multilayered material sheet of the present invention, described multilayered material sheet comprises Fig. 3 individual layer (solid line is represented) of label 1 expression, it is down second individual layer (dotted line is represented) of the textile strip of label 2 expressions.Second individual layer is arranged, thereby the jointing line of each individual layer is arranged in mode interlaced with each other.
Method of testing related among the application is as follows:
According to method PTC-179 (Hercules Inc.Rev.Apr.29,1982) measure inherent viscosity, test condition is: under 135 ℃, in the decahydronaphthalenes, dissolution time is 16 hours, adopt consumption be the DBPC of 2g/l solution as antioxidant, the viscosity extrapolation that wherein will measure under variable concentrations obtains the viscosity under the zero-dose.
Tensile property (measuring down):, use nominal calibrated length to define and measure the hot strength (or intensity) of multifilament yarn, stretch modulus (or modulus) and elongation at break (or eab) as the fiber of 500mm, the crosshead speed of 50%/min according to the regulation of ASTM D885M at 25 ℃.On the basis of the load-deformation curve of measuring, determine modulus by the slope between the 0.3-1% strain.In order to calculate modulus and intensity, divided by fiber number, this fiber number is determined by the 10 meters long fibers of weighing with measured tensile force; Assumed density is 0.97g/cm
3The unit of calculating is the value of GPa.The tensile property of film is measured according to ISO1184 (H).
Claims (32)
1. multilayered material sheet, described multilayered material sheet comprises a fixed folded one-way single-layer of being made by strained polymer, wherein, the draw direction difference of two adjacent monolayer in the described lamination, wherein at least one individual layer comprises the unidirectional tape that at least one is made by strained polymer, each band comprises longitudinal edge, next-door neighbour and wherein along most of length of the described longitudinal edge of described at least one unidirectional tape, and described individual layer does not have areas of elevated thickness.
2. multilayered material sheet as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described areas of elevated thickness is than at least 4 microns of the thickness height of described at least one unidirectional tape.
3. multilayered material sheet as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described areas of elevated thickness is than the thickness height at least 50% of described at least one unidirectional tape.
4. as any described multilayered material sheet in the claim 1 to 3, wherein, along and the whole length that is close to the described longitudinal edge of described at least one unidirectional tape, described at least one individual layer does not have areas of elevated thickness.
5. as any described multilayered material sheet in the claim 1 to 4, wherein, described at least one individual layer is made of a plurality of unidirectional tape of being made, being arranged with equidirectional by strained polymer, and wherein adjacent band is not overlapping.
6. multilayered material sheet as claimed in claim 5, wherein, described at least one individual layer comprises a plurality of unidirectional tape of being made by strained polymer, wherein, the gap between the adjacent ribbons is less than 10% of the width of adjacent unidirectional tapes.
7. multilayered material sheet as claimed in claim 6, wherein, the gap between the adjacent ribbons is less than 5% of the width of adjacent unidirectional tapes.
8. multilayered material sheet as claimed in claim 5, wherein, the longitudinal edge of described adjacent ribbons each other to small part near.
9. multilayered material sheet as claimed in claim 8, wherein, described adjacent ribbons is close to each other at least partially stabilizedly.
10. any described multilayered material sheet in the claim as described above, wherein, the thickness of at least one individual layer can be above 100 microns.
11. multilayered material sheet as claimed in claim 10, wherein, the thickness of at least one individual layer can be above 29 microns.
12. as claim 10 or 11 described multilayered material sheets, wherein, the thickness of described at least one individual layer is greater than 10 microns.
13. any described multilayered material sheet in the claim as described above, wherein, the intensity of at least one individual layer is 0.9GPa at least.
14. multilayered material sheet as claimed in claim 13, wherein, the intensity of at least one individual layer is 1.5GPa at least.
15. any described multilayered material sheet in the claim as described above, wherein, described polymer is selected from polyolefin; Polyester; Polyvinyl alcohol; Polyacrylonitrile; Polyamide, especially poly-(right-the phenylene terephthalamide); Liquid crystal polymer and scalariform polymer, such as polybenzimidazoles or polybenzoxazole, especially poly-(1,4-phenylene-2,6-Ben Bing Er oxazole) or poly-(2, the 6-diimidazole also [4,5-b-4 ', 5 '-e] pyridine-1,4-(2, the 5-dihydroxy) phenylene).
16. multilayered material sheet as claimed in claim 15, wherein, described polyolefin comprises ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene.
17. a method that is used for making any described multilayered material sheet of claim 5 to 16, described method comprises:
(a) provide a plurality of drawn polymer tapes, arrange described band so that each band and adjacent ribbons are parallel-oriented, and adjacent ribbons is not overlapping;
(b) described a plurality of drawn polymer tapes are arranged on the moving substrate, thereby form first individual layer;
(c) described first individual layer is remained on the described moving substrate;
(d) a plurality of strained polymer unidirectional tape are arranged on described first individual layer, thereby form second individual layer, wherein, the direction of described second individual layer is with respect to the angled α of described first individual layer; And
(e) compress the lamination that forms thus, thereby make its single-layer, consolidated.
18. method as claimed in claim 17, wherein, step (a) further comprises, adhesive or adhesive means are applied to step on the adjacent ribbons.
19. as claim 17 or 18 described methods, wherein, described a plurality of drawn polymer tapes are untied from uncoiler, by carrying out step (d) on himself with described a plurality of drawn polymer tapes are partially folded at least.
20. as claim 17,18 or 19 described methods, wherein, described a plurality of drawn polymer tapes are arranged, thereby make described first individual layer, thereby and fold and make the moving direction almost parallel ground of broken line and described substrate extend with respect to the angled β of the moving direction of described substrate.
21. method as claimed in claim 20, wherein, described angle beta is between 40 to 50 degree.
22. as any described method in the claim 17 to 21, wherein, described second individual layer to small part adheres on described first individual layer.
23. a method that is used to make ballistic-resistant article, described method comprises:
(a) stacked at least 2 simple tension polymer monolayers and the plate of material that is selected from pottery, steel, aluminium, titanium, glass and graphite or its combination, the draw direction difference of two adjacent monolayer in the lamination wherein, at least one individual layer comprises a plurality of strained polymer unidirectional tape of arranging along equidirectional, and adjacent ribbons is not overlapping; With
(b) fixed laminated plate under uniform temperature and pressure.
24. a ballistic-resistant article, described ballistic-resistant article comprise any described multilayered material sheet in the claim 1 to 16.
25. ballistic-resistant article as claimed in claim 24, described ballistic-resistant article comprises at least 40 one-way single-layers.
26. as claim 24 or 25 described ballistic-resistant articles, described ballistic-resistant article comprises other inorganic material plate, described inorganic material is selected from pottery, steel, aluminium, magnesium, titanium, nickel, chromium and iron or their alloy, glass and graphite or its combination.
27. ballistic-resistant article as claimed in claim 26, wherein, other inorganic material plate is positioned at the outside of single layer stack, is positioned at the surface of a wound that is subjected to of described single layer stack at least.
28. as claim 26 or 27 described ballistic-resistant articles, wherein, the thickness of described other inorganic material plate is 50mm at the most.
29. as any described ballistic-resistant article in the claim 26 to 28, wherein, have binder course between any described plate of material in other inorganic material plate and the claim 1 to 16, described binder course comprises the textle layers or the nonwoven layers of inorfil.
30. a method that is used for making any described multilayered material sheet of claim 1 to 16, described method comprises:
(a) at least one first strained polymer unidirectional tape is arranged on the moving substrate, thereby forms first individual layer, wherein, next-door neighbour and along most of length of the longitudinal edge of described at least one unidirectional tape, described individual layer does not have areas of elevated thickness;
(b) described first individual layer is remained on the described moving substrate;
(c) at least one second strained polymer unidirectional tape is arranged on described first individual layer, thereby forms second individual layer, wherein, the direction of described second individual layer is with respect to the angled α of described first individual layer; And
(d) compress the lamination that forms thus, thereby make its single-layer, consolidated.
31. a method that is used to make ballistic-resistant article, described method comprises:
(a) stack at least 2 simple tension polymer monolayers and the plate of material that is selected from pottery, steel, aluminium, titanium, glass and graphite or its combination, each individual layer comprises at least one unidirectional tape, the draw direction difference of two adjacent monolayer in the wherein said lamination, and wherein, next-door neighbour and along most of length of the longitudinal edge of described at least one unidirectional tape, at least one individual layer does not have areas of elevated thickness; With
(b) fixed laminated plate under uniform temperature and pressure.
32. as any described multilayered material sheet in the claim 1 to 16, wherein, at least one individual layer comprises a plurality ofly makes, arranges the unidirectional tape that forms textile fabric by described strained polymer.
Applications Claiming Priority (9)
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| EP06026723.4 | 2006-12-22 | ||
| PCT/EP2007/003684 WO2007122009A1 (en) | 2006-04-26 | 2007-04-26 | Multilayered material sheet and process for its preparation |
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| CN101479558A true CN101479558A (en) | 2009-07-08 |
| CN101479558B CN101479558B (en) | 2014-03-26 |
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| CN200780024030.4A Active CN101479558B (en) | 2006-04-26 | 2007-04-26 | Multilayered material sheet and process for its preparation |
| CN200780023860.5A Active CN101479556B (en) | 2006-04-26 | 2007-04-26 | Multilayered material sheet and manufacture method thereof |
| CN2007800239788A Active CN101479557B (en) | 2006-04-26 | 2007-04-26 | Multilayered material sheet and process for its preparation |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104228062A (en) * | 2013-06-20 | 2014-12-24 | 郑州中远防务材料有限公司 | Unidirectional fabric, non-woven fabric, preparation methods of fabrics and non-woven fabric product |
| CN105074378A (en) * | 2013-03-13 | 2015-11-18 | 帝斯曼知识产权资产管理有限公司 | Light-weight semi-rigid composite anti-ballistic systems with engineered compliance and rate-sensitive impact response |
| CN108340633A (en) * | 2018-03-13 | 2018-07-31 | 华侨大学 | Be adhesively fixed the crack arrest proximate matter of stacking |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101881582B (en) | 2009-12-09 | 2015-03-25 | 湖南中泰特种装备有限责任公司 | Stabproof bulletproof material and preparation method |
| CN102538590B (en) * | 2011-12-16 | 2014-11-19 | 宁波荣溢化纤科技有限公司 | Preparation method of polyethylene/aluminum oxide composite bulletproof plate with super-high molecular weight |
| CN103724758B (en) * | 2013-12-05 | 2015-08-26 | 王庆昭 | The melt extruding of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene(UHMWPE) film, be drawn into film production process and production equipment thereof |
| JP6080876B2 (en) * | 2015-02-04 | 2017-02-15 | 日新製鋼株式会社 | Composite body in which painted metal base material and cloth containing chemical fiber are joined, and method for producing the same |
| EP3727834A1 (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2020-10-28 | DSM IP Assets B.V. | Ballistic-resistant molded article |
| CN110759730A (en) * | 2018-07-25 | 2020-02-07 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Preparation method of composite ceramic and composite ceramic |
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| US4663101A (en) * | 1985-01-11 | 1987-05-05 | Allied Corporation | Shaped polyethylene articles of intermediate molecular weight and high modulus |
| US4931126A (en) * | 1989-04-14 | 1990-06-05 | The Boeing Company | Apparatus and method for joining a plurality of thermoplastic tapes |
| US6846548B2 (en) * | 1999-02-19 | 2005-01-25 | Honeywell International Inc. | Flexible fabric from fibrous web and discontinuous domain matrix |
| US6448359B1 (en) * | 2000-03-27 | 2002-09-10 | Honeywell International Inc. | High tenacity, high modulus filament |
| IT1317268B1 (en) * | 2000-04-17 | 2003-05-27 | Citterio Flli Spa | REINFORCED MULTILAYER FABRIC AND PROCEDURE FOR ITS REALIZATION |
| IL203401A (en) * | 2004-08-16 | 2013-03-24 | Yuval Fuchs | Methods of preparation of monolayers and bilayers comprising ultra high molecular weight polyethylene and ballistic resistant articles manufactured therefrom |
-
2007
- 2007-04-25 CN CNA2007800238709A patent/CN101479101A/en active Pending
- 2007-04-26 CN CN200780024030.4A patent/CN101479558B/en active Active
- 2007-04-26 CN CN200780023860.5A patent/CN101479556B/en active Active
- 2007-04-26 CN CN2007800239788A patent/CN101479557B/en active Active
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2008
- 2008-11-05 ZA ZA200809460A patent/ZA200809460B/en unknown
- 2008-11-05 ZA ZA200809461A patent/ZA200809461B/en unknown
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105074378A (en) * | 2013-03-13 | 2015-11-18 | 帝斯曼知识产权资产管理有限公司 | Light-weight semi-rigid composite anti-ballistic systems with engineered compliance and rate-sensitive impact response |
| CN104228062A (en) * | 2013-06-20 | 2014-12-24 | 郑州中远防务材料有限公司 | Unidirectional fabric, non-woven fabric, preparation methods of fabrics and non-woven fabric product |
| CN108340633A (en) * | 2018-03-13 | 2018-07-31 | 华侨大学 | Be adhesively fixed the crack arrest proximate matter of stacking |
| CN108340633B (en) * | 2018-03-13 | 2024-02-27 | 华侨大学 | Adhesive-fixed laminated crack-stop section bar |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ZA200809459B (en) | 2009-11-25 |
| CN101479556A (en) | 2009-07-08 |
| ZA200809461B (en) | 2009-11-25 |
| ZA200809460B (en) | 2010-04-28 |
| CN101479101A (en) | 2009-07-08 |
| CN101479557A (en) | 2009-07-08 |
| CN101479557B (en) | 2013-09-18 |
| CN101479556B (en) | 2015-10-21 |
| CN101479558B (en) | 2014-03-26 |
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