CN101187894A - Automatic test method based on key word drive and its test system - Google Patents
Automatic test method based on key word drive and its test system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to an automatic test system and test method on the basis of key work drive. Firstly, a test database is created, and key word norm is created, secondly, manual test is converted by case-direction automatic text case-use, key word information is extracted from the cases which are used in the manual test, and then the key word information is written into a data file of the database through a man-machine interaction module, finally, an automatic test framework is started, existing text data files are selected to execute automatic test, and a test report is generated, when software which is tested is executed by test staffs to automatically test, the test data files in a database module is modified through the man-machine interaction module to customize the text execution process, an execution module drives a script playback tool through the key word information to execute corresponded test to the tested software, a result checking module judges whether checking points are passed according to the return information and the preset key word information of the software which is tested, and the execution result is written into a test management tool through an information process module, and statistic data is generated.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the software automatic test field, be specifically related to automatic test approach and the test macro thereof of a kind of user according to self defining keywords customization automatic testing process.
Background technology
Iterative performance history has bigger superiority than waterfall type performance history, replaces traditional present most popular software development process of waterfall type exploitation becoming gradually.Iterative development is emphasized to produce in the short time interval and is a plurality ofly carried out, testable software version, this means that the tester will face heavier test assignment.The test job cycle shortens, and test frequency increases, and traditional manual test has not satisfied the demand of software development.Automatically test is to improve testing efficiency, reduces the effective ways of the duplication of labour, just is widely used at present, and it can finish the test that many manual tests can't be realized or be difficult to realize.Correctly, reasonably implement test automatically, can be fast, completely software is tested, thus improve software quality, save cost of development, shorten the product release cycle.
Automatic test approach commonly used roughly is divided into three kinds:
First method is by the recording-playback function of automatic testing instrument, generates test script.The weak point of this method is: do not have the logic determines ability, and maintainable poor, inefficiency, size of code is big, poor compatibility; Its maintainability and reusability all can not get guaranteeing.
Second method is to produce the structuring script by the script of having recorded being carried out edit, contains the instruction of controlling script executing.The weak point of this method is: script is more complicated, and test data still is bundled in the script, i.e. the input represented of keyboard, mouse action is cured in the script, and test modifications and customization be difficulty very.
The third method is to carry out automatic test by data driven technique.The core concept of data driven technique is that variable part (data) is separated with constant part (script) to reduce maintenance workload.The data-driven script is supported script mainly as function point, will test input and be stored in independently in the data file, rather than be bundled in the script.The benefit of this method maximum is to allow different data to test with same script; Even data are made amendment, also needn't revise execution script.The weak point of this method is: the initial expense of setting up is bigger, has realized separating of data and script, but test logic still bundles with script, causes the user can't self-defined test process.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is a kind of automatic test approach that drives based on key word, solves that automatic test can't can't separate with test script according to the self-defined execution of tester's intention, test logic and test data, test data is difficult to be modified and the reusability and the maintainable problem that can not get guaranteeing of customization, test script.
The present invention proposes a kind of automatic test approach that drives based on key word, comprises following steps:
(a) make up test database, create the key word standard;
(b) the manual test use-case is transformed to automatic test case, from the manual test use-case, extract keyword message, by human-computer interaction module keyword message is write in the data of database file then;
(c) start automatic test frame, select existing test data file to carry out test automatically, generate test report.
The present invention further comprises following steps:
(d) improve test database, the customization automatic testing process, the newly-built test data file of tester, or existing data file is improved test database in the modification execution database, finishes the customization of automatic test.
Test database comprises two subdata bases described in the described step (a), current database and execution database, and current database is used for the data file that stored data base module external interface instrument generates, and goes into to carry out database after the framework-compliant key word standard; What execution data stock was put is can be by the data file of automatic test frame execution.
Described test database further comprises historical data base, and historical data base upgrades with the execution database synchronization, is used for backup.
The key word standard comprises 8 fields in the described step (a): window ID, middle sign, control sign, error identification, note description, control data, test data and record type.
Described step (c) further comprises following steps:
(c1) start automatic test frame, select corresponding test data file;
(c2) automatic test frame parameter is set, automatic testing process begins to carry out;
(c3) read the keyword message in the test data file of selecting in (c1);
(c4) drive script playback instrument according to keyword message and move its corresponding script set, promptly software interface is carried out corresponding operation;
(c5) according to keyword message, catch the output information that script playback instrument is carried out the back tested software, the baseline information corresponding with key word compares, and provides the checking result;
(c6) according to keyword message, record checking result, write down simultaneously the implementation of each module and test and management instrument and script playback instrument the term of execution interactive information, the generation statistics;
(c7) repeating step (c3)～(c6), all records in executing each data file, automatic testing process finishes, and produces test report.
Whether the automatic test parameter in the described step (c2) comprises carries out number of times, carries out in batches and whether calls other software programs in the measuring executing process automatically.
The present invention proposes a kind of Auto-Test System that drives based on key word, it is characterized in that: this Auto-Test System comprises an automatic test frame, automatically test frame comprises six modules, i.e. human-computer interaction module, overall control module, database module, execution module, result verification module and message processing module; Described automatic test frame drives script playback instrument and test and management instrument with keyword form, realizes automatically to the execution of tested software and the generation of test result, wherein:
Described human-computer interaction module is used to receive subscriber control information, and passes to the foundation of overall control module as the control framework workflow;
Described overall control module is responsible for the communication of each intermodule and is coordinated other functional modules and finish test process;
Described database module is used for store test data information, and the test data that receives human-computer interaction module is simultaneously revised information;
Described execution module is used for the keyword message that the overall control module of basis transmits, and finishes the tested software interface operation by script playback instrument;
Described result verification module is used for the keyword message that the overall control module of basis transmits, and catches the output information that execution module is carried out the back tested software, compares with baseline information, and provides corresponding checking result;
Described message processing module is used for the keyword message that transmits according to control module as a result, and the checking result that the result verification module is provided writes in the test and management instrument, produces statistics.
Described test data library module comprises three subdata bases, and current database is carried out database and historical data base; Current database is used for the data file that stored data base module external interface instrument generates, and goes into to carry out database after the framework-compliant key word standard; What execution data stock was put is can be by the data file of automatic test frame execution, and historical data base and the renewal of execution database synchronization are used for backing up.
Compared with prior art, the automatic test approach that adopts key word provided by the invention to drive, having overcome the automatic test that occurs in the traditional software automatic testing process can't be according to the self-defined execution of tester's intention, software interface is revised the rear section script failures, test data is difficult to be modified and customize, the reusability of test script and the maintainable problem that can not get guaranteeing.Method provided by the invention can be used as the system scheme of software automatic test, comprise that the manual test use-case is converted into the process and the realization of automatic test data file, has truly realized that the customization of automatic testing process, automatic test frame are not subject to the change of software interface, makes manual test and test automatically to have reached good combination.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the automatic test frame inner structure of a present invention synoptic diagram;
Fig. 2 is that the present invention tests the overall plan synoptic diagram automatically;
Fig. 3 is a specific embodiment schematic flow sheet of the present invention.
Embodiment
Be elaborated below with reference to accompanying drawings and in conjunction with a specific embodiment, so that purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage are had more deep understanding.
Fig. 1 has provided automatic test frame inner structure synoptic diagram.Automatically test frame comprises six modules, i.e. human-computer interaction module, overall control module, database module, execution module, result verification module and message processing module.Drive script playback instrument and test and management instrument with keyword form, realize the execution of tested software and the generation of test report automatically.Wherein:
Human-computer interaction module: be used to receive subscriber control information, and pass to the foundation of overall control module as the control framework workflow.
Overall control module: be responsible for the communication of each intermodule and coordinate other functional modules and finish test process.
Database module: be used for store test data information, the test data that receives human-computer interaction module is simultaneously revised information.
Execution module: be used for the keyword message that the overall control module of basis transmits, drive script playback instrument and finish to the tested software interface operation.
Result verification module: be used for the keyword message that the overall control module of basis transmits, catch the output information that execution module is carried out the back tested software, compare with baseline information, and provide corresponding checking result.
Message processing module: the checking result who is used for the result verification module is provided writes the test and management instrument, produces statistics.
Fig. 2 has provided automatic test overall plan synoptic diagram.Automatically test frame has the control action of overall flow, utilizes key word to drive script playback instrument according to human-machine interactive information, finishes the execution of test, and the test and management instrument is finished the management of test and the output of test report.The communication that overall control module is carried other each intermodules, the internal communication of all intermodules is encapsulated by framework.When the tester used automatic test frame that tested software is carried out test automatically, the test data file of revising in the database module by human-computer interaction module customized measuring executing process; Execution module drives script playback instrument by keyword message and comes tested software is carried out corresponding test; The result verification module judges according to the return message and the predetermined keyword message of tested software whether the check post is passed through; Execution result will write in the test and management instrument by message processing module, produce statistics.
Automatically test frame can provide the solution that comprises test plan, Test Design, test builds, test execution and test result checking overall process.
Fig. 3 has provided a specific embodiment schematic flow sheet of the present invention.Its concrete implementation step is described as follows:
The first step makes up test database, creates the key word standard.
Database can be divided into three subdata bases from layer of structure, i.e. current database, execution database and historical data base.Current database is used for the data file that stored data base module external interface instrument generates, and goes into to carry out database after the framework-compliant key word standard; What execution data stock was put is can be by the data file of automatic test frame execution; Historical data base upgrades with the execution database synchronization, plays the effect of backup.
The key word standard mainly refers to have the file of cannonical format, and the key word standard is stored in the Excel file in the present embodiment.With every line item is unit, each record comprises eight fields, be window ID, middle sign, control sign, error identification, note description, control data, test data and record type, three subdata bases serve as that foundation is carried out data-switching and transmission with this standard, and eight fields specify as follows:
1, window ID: the expression window is selected code, i.e. the Caption value of window is carried out in action;
2, middle sign: Shipping Options Page is selected code in the expression target window, i.e. the Tab page or leaf title of window is carried out in action;
3, control sign: expression action control title, i.e. the types value of target control in the window is carried out in action;
4, error identification: represent anticipation error sign indicating number (check post), promptly need to add the title of check post in the record;
5, note is described: represent the note of this record, can be used for the location to exception record simultaneously;
6, control data: represent the action identification sign indicating number of corresponding control, corresponding with " control sign ", i.e. need the target control Caption value of carrying out in the action execution window;
7, test data: the data that the expression tester imports in the manual test process, these data provide data source for testing automatically;
8, record type: identification record character comprises standard recording, breakpoint record and note record.
The second step manual test use-case is to the conversion of automatic test case.
Step 303 manual test use-case is to the conversion of automatic test case;
In general, the deadline in manual test use-case storehouse is early than the deadline in automatic test case storehouse.The tester will consider this use-case and whether changes into automatic test case easily when creating the manual test use-case, and will transform use-case easily and do respective identification.The tester begins to carry out manual test, judges whether this use-case is converted into automatic test case according to the use-case sign.If can not transform, then carry out conventional manual test; Otherwise, can be translated into automatic test case.
Step 304 is extracted keyword message from the manual test use-case;
From per step of manual test use-case, extract window ID, middle sign, control sign, error identification, note description, control data, test data and record type element respectively, the test data that produces by the corresponding keyword message of option and when writing down manual test, finish the test data file conversion, and name this document with the title of manual test use-case.
Step 305 writes keyword message in the data of database file by human-computer interaction module.
Move automatic test frame instrument, create test data file by the human-computer interaction module interface, test data file is the Excel file that has cannonical format, and the element information that extracts in the step 304 is write test data file.
The 3rd step started automatic test frame, selected existing test data file to carry out test automatically, generated test report.
Step 306 starts automatic test frame and selects existing test data file;
The tester begins to carry out automatic test, moves automatic test frame instrument, by the human-computer interaction module interface, from carrying out the test data file of select target test case correspondence the test database.
The automatic test frame parameter of step 307 configuration, automatic testing process begins to carry out;
According to the test needs, set execution information, comprise and carry out number of times, whether carry out in batches and whether call other software programs in the measuring executing process automatically.
The overall control module of step 308 receives and handles keyword message;
Receive the execution information of human-computer interaction module, overall control module reads selected data file from database module, reads eight corresponding key words of field of article one record with the unit of being recorded as, and preserves.
The overall control module of step 309 drives execution module and enters duty;
Overall control module passes to execution module with corresponding key word, and execution module drives script playback instrument according to key word and moves its corresponding script set, promptly software interface is carried out corresponding operation.
The overall control module activation result authentication module of step 310 enters duty;
Overall control module is passed to the result verification module with corresponding key word, the result verification module is according to keyword message, catch script playback instrument and carry out the output information of back tested software, the baseline information corresponding with key word compares, and provides the checking result who whether passes through.
The overall control module activation bit processing module of step 311 enters duty;
Overall control module passes to message processing module with corresponding key word, whether message processing module writes recorded information, the check post of being read in the test and management instrument by information, write down simultaneously the implementation of each module and test and management instrument and script playback instrument the term of execution interactive information, be used to produce statistics.
Step 312 repeating step 308～311, all records in executing each data file, automatic testing process finishes, and finally produces detailed test report.
The 4th step was improved test database, the customization automatic testing process.
Step 313 is newly-built or revise test data file, improves test database;
By human-computer interaction module, the newly-built test data file of tester also can be revised and carry out that existing data file reaches above-mentioned effect in the database.If as regression test, can select to carry out in the data storehouse existing test data file and test automatically.
Step 314 test is automatically carried out by the predefine mode, realizes the automatic testing process customization.
Automatically the customization of test mainly contains two kinds of implementations: the one, and directly revise and carry out existing data file in the test database; The 2nd, by the newly-built test data file in human-computer interaction module interface, fill in corresponding keyword message and it is saved to the execution test database according to tester's intention.Concrete execution in step please refer to for the 3rd step.
In the test job of reality,, make automatic test frame be independent of commercial testing software and tested software by the key word Driving technique.The present invention makes automatic test be intended to that self-defined execution, test logic and test data are separated with test script, test data is modified easily and the reusability and the maintainability of customization, test script all are guaranteed according to the tester.
Claims (9)
1. automatic test approach that drives based on key word comprises following steps:
(a) make up test database, create the key word standard;
(b) the manual test use-case is transformed to automatic test case, from the manual test use-case, extract keyword message, by human-computer interaction module keyword message is write in the data of database file then;
(c) start automatic test frame, select existing test data file to carry out test automatically, generate test report.
2. automatic test approach as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: also comprise following steps:
(d) improve test database, the customization automatic testing process, the newly-built test data file of tester, or existing data file is improved test database in the modification execution database, finishes the customization of automatic test.
3. automatic test approach as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: test database comprises two subdata bases described in the described step (a), current database and execution database, current database is used for the data file that stored data base module external interface instrument generates, and goes into to carry out database after the framework-compliant key word standard; What execution data stock was put is can be by the data file of automatic test frame execution.
4. automatic test approach as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: described test database further comprises historical data base, and historical data base upgrades with the execution database synchronization, is used for backup.
5. automatic test approach as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the key word standard comprises 8 fields in the described step (a): window ID, middle sign, control sign, error identification, note description, control data, test data and record type.
6. automatic test approach as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described step (c) further comprises following steps:
(c1) start automatic test frame, select corresponding test data file;
(c2) automatic test frame parameter is set, automatic testing process begins to carry out;
(c3) read the keyword message in the test data file of selecting in (c1);
(c4) drive script playback instrument according to keyword message and move its corresponding script set, promptly software interface is carried out corresponding operation;
(c5) according to keyword message, catch the output information that script playback instrument is carried out the back tested software, the baseline information corresponding with key word compares, and provides the checking result;
(c6) according to keyword message, record checking result, write down simultaneously the implementation of each module and test and management instrument and script playback instrument the term of execution interactive information, the generation statistics;
(c7) repeating step (c3)～(c6), all records in executing each data file, automatic testing process finishes, and produces test report.
7. method as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that: whether the automatic test parameter in the described step (c2) comprises carries out number of times, carries out in batches and whether calls other software programs in the measuring executing process automatically.
8. Auto-Test System that drives based on key word, it is characterized in that: this Auto-Test System comprises an automatic test frame, automatically test frame comprises six modules, i.e. human-computer interaction module, overall control module, database module, execution module, result verification module and message processing module; Described automatic test frame drives script playback instrument and test and management instrument with keyword form, realizes automatically to the execution of tested software and the generation of test result, wherein:
Described human-computer interaction module is used to receive subscriber control information, and passes to the foundation of overall control module as the control framework workflow;
Described overall control module is responsible for the communication of each intermodule and is coordinated other functional modules and finish test process;
Described database module is used for store test data information, and the test data that receives human-computer interaction module is simultaneously revised information;
Described execution module is used for the keyword message that the overall control module of basis transmits, and finishes the tested software interface operation by script playback instrument;
Described result verification module is used for the keyword message that the overall control module of basis transmits, and catches the output information that execution module is carried out the back tested software, compares with baseline information, and provides corresponding checking result;
Described message processing module is used for the keyword message that transmits according to control module as a result, and the checking result that the result verification module is provided writes in the test and management instrument, produces statistics.
9. Auto-Test System as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that: described test data library module comprises three subdata bases, and current database is carried out database and historical data base; Current database is used for the data file that stored data base module external interface instrument generates, and goes into to carry out database after the framework-compliant key word standard; What execution data stock was put is can be by the data file of automatic test frame execution, and historical data base and the renewal of execution database synchronization are used for backing up.
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