CN101185465B - Fat compositions and uses thereof - Google Patents
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- CN101185465B CN101185465B CN200710032513A CN200710032513A CN101185465B CN 101185465 B CN101185465 B CN 101185465B CN 200710032513 A CN200710032513 A CN 200710032513A CN 200710032513 A CN200710032513 A CN 200710032513A CN 101185465 B CN101185465 B CN 101185465B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a functional grease composition, which is characterized in that the invention consists of glyceride containing conjugated linoleic acid and medium chain fatty acid and glyceride rich in diglyceride. The grease composition has the function of preventing and curing metabolic syndrome, use adaptability which is nearly equivalent to the common edible oil, good taste, high safety and relatively low production cost, thus being beneficial to industrialized production and market promotion.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fat or oil composition and application thereof, this fat or oil composition can prevent and treat metabolic syndrome, is applied to edible oil, fat or oil composition and pharmaceutical composition.
Background technology
Grease is people's a various daily neces saries, and abundant nutrition and essential energy are provided when giving first-class local flavor of dish and mouthfeel, and simultaneously, grease also is the important source material in the food processing.Modern society, the intake of grease day by day increases, and at present, China city dweller is nearly 50 grams of grease average consumption for each person every day, are the twices of world health organisation recommendations grease average consumption for each person every day.Too high grease is taken in and unbalanced nutrition has caused the illness rate of rich man's diseases such as obesity, high fat of blood, angiocardiopathy, fatty liver to increase year by year, and multiple disease is gathered generation, the probability that develops into the metabolic syndrome patient is more and more higher, and people's health has been arrived in serious threat at present.Metabolic syndrome is to be core with the central obesity, merges a kind of symptom complex that blood pressure, blood sugar, the rising of blood ester and/or HDL-C (HDL-C) reduce.According to estimates, in Chinese city population, at least just there is 1 people to suffer from metabolic syndrome among per 8 adults.Metabolic syndrome has become a new chronic disease and new public health problem.Metabolic syndrome is gathering of multiple hazards, and comprehensive the intervention is main means of prevention.The picked-up that reduces fat is important measures that prevent fat and metabolic syndrome, yet the flavour of food products that lacks grease is influenced, also has influence on the process of food.
A series of side effects that picked-up brings at fat, lipid substitute and fat mimetic arise at the historic moment under this background.Lipid substitute is to be the Ester of base-material with aliphatic acid, and its structure is different with the triglycerides in the oil with common edible, does not accumulate in human body or low-energy characteristic thereby cause them to have.Fat mimetic is to adopt protein, carbohydrate and gelatin substance production to obtain, and fat mimetic can not show a candle to ester quasi-grease substitute at the verisimilitude and the processability of simulation grease, and its application has very big limitation.Lipid substitute just causes concern in developed country at twentieth century the fifties, in lipid substitute, sucrose fatty acid polyester is a kind of product of commercial applications, and this material has the mouthfeel close with grease and not by body metabolism, so heat is not provided.Yet sucrose fatty acid polyester can influence the absorption of liposoluble vitamin and cause anus to leak.Medium chain fatty acid can be quantized easily, thereby accumulation of body fat is few, but the triglycerides that is made of medium chain fatty acid absorbs when excessive, can cause diarrhoea, symptom such as nauseating, uncomfortable in chest.If contain a large amount of medium chain fatty acids in the fat or oil composition, will smoke point low, bubble obviously, so existence is not suitable for the shortcoming of the fried cooking etc., also can't provide the aliphatic acid of needed by human.Long short-chain ester fat acid glycerol three esters have characteristics low in calories, but the freezing point height, versatility is poor.The energy density of protein and carbohydrate is below half of fat, by being processed into to having fat the same physical property and taste, fat substitute low in calories can be provided, still, have for want of hear resistance and can not be as shortcomings such as heat medium uses.Hara K. has reported that in 1993 diglyceride has function (the Ann Nutr Metab 1993 that reduces blood fat; 37:185), discovering that diglyceride has with the character of oil with common edible highly versatile and trophic function, is a kind of more suitably lipid substitute, has been subjected to extensive concern.
So far, existing a large amount of patent about diglyceride.Patent 00811830.2 discloses a kind of 35wt% diglyceride and the grease that comprises phytosterol at least of containing.This fat or oil composition prescription requires to have diglyceride and phytosterol, needs the synergy of the two to reach the function that reduces the artery sclerosis factor.Because solubility problem, the sterol that adds high-load in grease has certain difficulty when implementing, because the large-scale production and the supply of sterol are not arranged as yet, also has certain difficulty for producing this grease in enormous quantities.
Patent 97120619.8 discloses and has a kind ofly comprised 40~90%1, the grease of 3-diacylglycerol content, and this grease diglyceride unsaturated fatty acid content is at least 93%, also its aliphatic acid is formed and is done detailed qualification and explanation.1, the 3-diglyceride can change into 1 automatically, and the 2-diglyceride in fact, produces 1, and the 3-diacylglycerol content has very high difficulty greater than the product of 65% content, and production technology is loaded down with trivial details, and production cost is higher, has influenced being extensive use of of product; In addition, 1, the 3-diacylglycerol content has the shortcoming of being fuming easily with freezing poor performance greater than 65% product, has influenced the universal performance of product.
(Conjugated linoleic acids is a series of general names that contain conjugated double bond, have the octadecadienoic acid of position and conformational isomerism CLA) to CLA, is the isomers of essential fatty acids linoleic (suitable-9, suitable-the 12-octadecadienoic acid).CLA has the healthy biology performance that is beneficial to man widely, as reduce the artery sclerosis incidence, anticancer, suppress fat, strengthen immunity, treatment diabetes etc., thereby cause nutritionist, Food Chemistry man, pharmacology virologist's extensive concern.
Current, the type of service of CLA has free fatty, ester derivant and triglycerides.The CLA that exists with free fatty or ester derivant form has non-oxidizability and the low problem of machinability, and has penetrating odor and taste, makes it be difficult to be applied in the Related product thus, and its purposes is limited to the product of similar capsule more.Simultaneously, CLA back in taking in human body is absorbed with glyceride form, therefore can expect the CLA product absorption rate but also aspect the applicability of food and medicine, all the above-mentioned CLA product of specific ionization fatty acid or ester derivative form is more favourable in the body after absorption not only of glyceride form.Ip etc. studies show that, be present in the CLA that its anticancer effect of CLA that exists with sweet three ester states in the butter is better than existing with free state (Cancer Epidemiol.Biomakers Prev., 2000,9:689).But, the CLA that the CLA product that can obtain on the present market mainly still exists with free fatty or ester derivant form.United States Patent (USP) WO00/18944 discloses the CLA composition that contains the triglycerides form, Chinese patent 200480041079.7 disclose with the diglyceride that contains CLA be main component fat or oil composition with and application process, but produce these products and all exist comparatively difficulty of production, production cost has influenced the extensive use of product than problems such as height.
The content that the nutrition of grease or fat and function mainly comprise two aspects, the firstth, aliphatic acid is formed, and the secondth, lipid structure.The consumer mainly contains the requirement of oil and fat product: product provides essential nutrition, more healthy product, good local flavor, can use easily and cheap aspects such as price, and prior art still is difficult to reach the unification of above several respects.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to the shortcoming at the prior art existence, a kind of fat or oil composition and application thereof are provided, this fat or oil composition can prevent and treat metabolic syndrome, is applied to edible oil, fat or oil composition and pharmaceutical composition.
Fat or oil composition of the present invention contains following (A), (B), (C) composition:
(A) 0.5~30 quality % contains the glyceride of CLA: this grease contains the CLA of 20~70 quality %, the medium chain fatty acid of 10~60 quality %;
(B) 68.5~99.4 quality % do not contain the glyceride of CLA: this grease contains the diglyceride of 40~90.7 quality %, the triglycerides of 9~59.5 quality % and the monoglyceride of 0.1~5 quality %;
(C)≤2 the free fatty of quality %.
Described CLA is a conjugated linoleic acid isomers.
Described medium chain fatty acid is that carbon number is 6~12 saturated fatty acid.
In order to suppress to review and unfavorable crystallization of fat or oil composition or curing during cryopreservation, do not contain that chain saturated fatty acids proportion in the whole LCFAs that constitute fat or oil composition is≤20 quality % in the glyceride of CLA.
For making product have better oxidation stability, fat or oil composition also contains antioxidant.Antioxidant is TBHQ, the tert-butyl group in hydroxyl fennel ether, dibutyl hydroxy toluene, ascorbyl palmitate, n-propyl gallate, n-propyl gallate and the vitamin E one or more.
Fat or oil composition of the present invention is applied to edible oil, fat or oil composition, pharmaceutical composition.
The raw material of producing edible oil of the present invention can be that natural animal-plant oil, fat reach by its processing grease that obtains by methods such as ester exchange reaction, fractionation, or soya-bean oil, rapeseed oil, corn oil, peanut oil, sunflower oil, safflower wet goods vegetable oil and processing grease therefrom.
Fat or oil composition of the present invention can be obtained by several different methods, comprise the hydrolysis of triglycerides, the glycerolysis reaction of triglycerides, esterification, free fatty or the fatty acid ester of aliphatic acid and the ester exchange reaction of glyceride etc., these reactions can be adopted chemical catalysis or enzyme process catalysis.
The present invention compared with prior art has following beneficial effect and advantage:
The fat or oil composition of gained of the present invention also has the physiological function of prevention, treatment metabolic syndrome except that essential fatty acid nutritive is provided, and convenient for production and cost is lower, easy to utilize; Do not lose simultaneously good low-temperature stability, good local flavor and good non-oxidizability, and equally with oil with common edible have a good versatility, can be used for multiple uses such as the cooking, frying, food processing.
The specific embodiment
For introducing enforcement of the present invention in detail, be listed below embodiment, but protection scope of the present invention is not subjected to the restriction of the following example,
Embodiment 1
With commercially available CLA and Glycerin, mixed triester with caprylic acid capric acid (CLA: Glycerin, mixed triester with caprylic acid capric acid=3, mol) altogether 200g packs in the 500ml tool plug triangular flask, add immobilized lipase (Novo435 after being preheated to 50 ℃, NovozymesA/S) 40g, place 50 ℃ of water bath with thermostatic control shaking tables, under the condition of 200r/min behind the oscillating reactions 5h, stop reaction, after product filters and removes immobilized enzyme particle, the process molecular clock is further isolated the aliphatic acid in the product again, heavy distillat is then decoloured in a usual manner, deodorization, obtains fat or oil composition 1.
At 50% amount of water, under the intensively stirred condition, with commercially available rapeseed oil with free 1,3-position specific lipase is catalyst (Lipase F-AP15, Amano Enzyme Inc. product, or the high hydrolase free-fat enzyme product alive of other company) 40 ℃ of hydrolysis that carry out grease, stop reaction after reaching certain degree of hydrolysis, 65 ℃ of insulation 0.5h go out to leave standstill after enzyme is lived and remove most of water, in vacuum, remove residual moisture under 80 ℃ the condition, add diatomite again, filter the residual zymoprotein of removal after stirring 0.5h, resultant product is further separated through molecular clock again, then decolour in a usual manner, deodorization obtains based on the fat or oil composition 2 of diglyceride and triglycerides with based on the composition 3 of free fatty.
Fat or oil composition 1 and fat or oil composition 2 volume ratio by 20: 80 is mixed, obtain fat or oil composition 4.
Embodiment 2
With commercially available CLA ethyl ester and Glycerin, mixed triester with caprylic acid capric acid (CLA ethyl ester: Glycerin, mixed triester with caprylic acid capric acid=3, mol) altogether 500g packs into and mixes in 60 ℃ of isothermal reactors that a band stirs, with immobilized lipase (Lipozyme TL IM, Novozymes A/S) 10g dresses up a filling bed type pillar enzyme reactor (band insulation jacket), adopt constantly abstraction reaction substrate injection enzyme reactor from reaction vessel of measuring pump then, make it under the catalysis of immobilised enzymes, ester exchange reaction take place, product directly enters in the container that substrate is housed after enzyme reactor flows out, and carries out continuous circular response in this way.The adjusting flow velocity is about 3L/hr and keeps grease constantly to stop reaction behind the circular response 6h in enzyme reactor.Product is further isolated ethyl ester through molecular clock, and heavy distillat is then decoloured in a usual manner, deodorization, obtains fat or oil composition 5.
With composition 3 and a certain amount of glycerine (fatty acid group: glycerine=2, mol) mix after, add commercially available immobilization 1,3-position specific lipase (LipozymeRMIM, NovozymesA/S, or other commercialization immobilized lipase), when maintenance system inside is in the 5mmHg absolute pressure, under agitation mixture is reacted after free fatty acid content drops to 10% and stop reaction in 60 ℃, filter and remove immobilized enzyme particle, resultant product is further separated through molecular clock again, then decolours in a usual manner, deodorization obtains the fat or oil composition 6 based on diglyceride.
Fat or oil composition 5 and fat or oil composition 6 volume ratio by 10: 90 is mixed, obtain fat or oil composition 7.
Embodiment 3
Fat or oil composition 1 and fat or oil composition 2 volume ratio by 15: 85 is mixed, obtain fat or oil composition 8.
Embodiment 4
Fat or oil composition 5 and fat or oil composition 6 volume ratio by 5: 95 is mixed, obtain fat or oil composition 9.The content of important composition sees Table 1 in the above-mentioned fat or oil composition.Table 1 is the main composition of fat or oil composition.
Table 1
Embodiment 5
The 0.2g TBHQ is dissolved in the 10g fat or oil composition 4 fully, mixes with the volume ratio of fat or oil composition 4 then, obtain fat or oil composition 10 by 10: 990.
Embodiment 6
The 0.2g tert-butyl group is dissolved in the 10g fat or oil composition 9 fully to hydroxyl fennel ether and 0.1g ascorbyl palmitate, mixes with the volume ratio of fat or oil composition 9 then, obtain fat or oil composition 11 by 10: 990.
Embodiment 7
Study the oxidation stability of each fat or oil composition.The fat or oil composition of 100g is put in strengthen in 60 ± 1 ℃ the constant incubator and preserves, represent the degree of oxidation of grease in the peroxide value (POV) of the 10th day sampling and measuring fat or oil composition and with this, and then the oxidation stability of measure oil composition, with edible oil commonly used in contrast, the result is shown in the oxidation stability of table 2 fat or oil composition.As shown in Table 2, the oxidation stability of fat or oil composition of the present invention is better, and is close with edible oil commonly used, adds the oxidation stability that antioxidant can comparatively significantly improve fat or oil composition of the present invention; Fat or oil composition 1 is owing to contain the unsaturated double-bond of high level, and oxidation stability is poor slightly.
Table 2
Embodiment 8
Replace edible oil commonly used to cook with the fat or oil composition 4,9 that obtains, study the use versatility of each fat or oil composition.Review each fat or oil composition by the preparation of conventional fried rice, with regard to the local flavor and the oil perception of the situation of being fuming in the gastronomical process, its machinability and fried rice, make review by five tasters, the result is as shown in table 3.Table 3 is the processing characteristics experimental result.
Every part of fried rice is raw materials used: grease: 10g, and egg: 1, ham: 15g, green onion: 5g, carrot: 20g, rice: 100g.
Table 3
Table 3 is the serviceability of fat or oil composition, and as shown in Table 3, fat or oil composition of the present invention has almost consistent versatility with modern edible oil commonly used, can directly replace edible oil commonly used to use.
Embodiment 9
Study fat or oil composition of the present invention and replace of the influence of the edible oil of common use, comprise that body mass index BMI, waist/hip circumference are than WHR, blood pressure BP, blood sugar, blood triglyceride TG, blood total cholesterol level and HDL cholesterol levels etc. each index of correlation of metabolic syndrome patient.50 metabolic syndrome patients are divided into 5 groups at random, every group 4 male and 4 woman, one group is control group, this group is used edible oil commonly used, all the other four groups replace oil with common edible with fat or oil composition 1,4,6,9 respectively, Therapy lasted 3 months, during test personnel's eating habit constant substantially, life style also difference or difference is very little.
Test after three months, test personnel weigh respectively, take sb.'s waist measure and hip circumference and mensuration arterial pressure (systolic pressure/diastolic pressure), and get on an empty stomach arterial blood, carry out the detection of various physical and chemical indexs, comprise indexs such as blood triglyceride TG, blood total cholesterol level and HDL cholesterol levels, blood sugar, insulin content, the result is as shown in table 4.Table 4 is the human experimentation result of fat or oil composition.
As shown in Table 4, under institute's experimental conditions, to contain CLA or/and the fat or oil composition of diglyceride replaces oil with common edible for the metabolic syndrome edible for patients, has the effect of comparatively significantly improving the metabolic syndrome index of correlation, and can find fat or oil composition 4 of the present invention and 9, though do not have higher CLA content or diacylglycerol content, but has the effect of improving metabolic syndrome patient health situation more significantly than the independent high CLA content or the fat or oil composition of DAG content, this illustrates between the main component of fat or oil composition of the present invention and exists collaborative facilitation that overall physiological function has obtained enhancing.So fat or oil composition of the present invention can be used for preventing the generation of metabolic syndrome and be used for improving metabolic syndrome patient's health status, has important generalization and application value.
Table 4
Embodiment 10
The fat or oil composition 4 of 15 quality %, 5% anhydrous butter oil, 15% skimmed milk power, 10% condensed milk, 6% sugar, 0.5% gelatin, 0.2% monoglyceride and 48.3% water are mixed, carry out disinfection, ageing, homogeneous, processing such as freezing, obtain ice cream thus.Except that adopting fat or oil composition 9, another ice cream that preparation has same composition.To carry out sensory evaluation by 10 sense organs evaluation and test group members to mouthfeel with mouthfeel relatively between the ice cream of the ice cream of edible oil preparation commonly used and above-mentioned preparation then.Evaluation result is as shown in table 5, and table 5 is an ice cream mouthfeel evaluation result.As can be seen from Table 5, the ice cream mouthfeel and the existing ice cream indistinction that contain fat or oil composition of the present invention.
Table 5
*5: fabulous, 4: good, 3: good, 2: poor, 1: extreme difference
Embodiment 11
Contain the preparation of the tablet of fat or oil composition of the present invention.Based on the general preparation rule in the pharmacopeia, according to method for preparing tablet thereof following component is prepared, obtain the tablet that every tablet contains 200mg fat or oil composition 4 of the present invention thus:
Fat or oil composition 4+ starch: 400mg
Magnesium stearate: 5mg
Sodium carboxymethylcellulose: 25mg
Magnesiumaluminumsilicate: 50mg
Gelatin: 20mg
Amount to 500mg.
Claims (7)
1. a fat or oil composition is characterized in that, described fat or oil composition contains following (A), (B), (C) composition:
(A) 0.5~30 quality % contains the glyceride of CLA: this grease contains the CLA of 20~70 quality %, the medium chain fatty acid of 10~60 quality %;
(B) 68.5~99.4 quality % do not contain the glyceride of CLA: this grease contains the diglyceride of 40~90.7 quality %, the triglycerides of 9~59.5 quality % and the monoglyceride of 0.1~5 quality %;
(C)≤2 the free fatty of quality %.
2. fat or oil composition according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described CLA is a conjugated linoleic acid isomers.
3. fat or oil composition according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described medium chain fatty acid is that carbon number is 6~12 saturated fatty acid.
4. fat or oil composition according to claim 1 is characterized in that, chain saturated fatty acids proportion in the whole LCFAs that constitute fat or oil composition is≤20 quality % in the described glyceride that does not contain CLA.
5. according to the described fat or oil composition of one of claim 1~4, it is characterized in that described fat or oil composition also contains antioxidant.
6. fat or oil composition according to claim 5, described antioxidant are TBHQ, the tert-butyl group in hydroxyl fennel ether, dibutyl hydroxy toluene, n-propyl gallate, ascorbyl palmitate, n-propyl gallate and the vitamin E one or more.
7. the application of the described fat or oil composition of one of claim 1-6 in edible oil, fat or oil composition, pharmaceutical composition.
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CN102342330A (en) * | 2011-08-25 | 2012-02-08 | 华南理工大学 | Oil and fat composition containing diglyceride and use thereof |
CN102396608A (en) * | 2011-11-02 | 2012-04-04 | 华南理工大学 | Grease composition containing middle and short-chain fatty acids and preparation method and application thereof |
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CN110314158A (en) * | 2018-03-22 | 2019-10-11 | 深圳澳美制药技术开发有限公司 | Tioconazole composition and preparation method thereof |
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CN110141564A (en) * | 2019-06-06 | 2019-08-20 | 广东省农业科学院蚕业与农产品加工研究所 | A kind of glyceride mixture and its preparation method and application rich in polyunsaturated fatty acid |
CN110934196A (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2020-03-31 | 暨南大学 | Method for preparing ultra-stable temperature-sensitive nutritional oil foam by molecular assembly and application |
CN113350328A (en) * | 2020-09-27 | 2021-09-07 | 广州永华特医营养科技有限公司 | New application of diglyceride and composition thereof |
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