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CN100507123C - 水力缠结纺织品和在个人清洁用具中的用途 - Google Patents

水力缠结纺织品和在个人清洁用具中的用途 Download PDF

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CN100507123C
CN100507123C CNB2003801076262A CN200380107626A CN100507123C CN 100507123 C CN100507123 C CN 100507123C CN B2003801076262 A CNB2003801076262 A CN B2003801076262A CN 200380107626 A CN200380107626 A CN 200380107626A CN 100507123 C CN100507123 C CN 100507123C
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weight
textile
hydroentangled
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CN1735725A (zh
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P·R·伯奎斯特
S·M·拉加托
J·A·厄巴伊兹
D·R·威廉斯
G·A·格里斯塞特
F·A·马塞多
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Unilever PLC
Unilever NV
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Abstract

描述了非织造的水力缠结纺织品，其被制造成在横截面中，低的质量纤维密度的中心区在两个侧面被较高的质量密度的区域围绕。此外，描述了个人清洁制品，其中将水力缠结纺织品与包含起泡沫表面活性剂的个人清洁组合物关联使用。该组合物被沉积在所述纺织品上、渗透到所述纺织品中或者至少部分地被所述纺织品包围。还描述了生产该纺织品的方法，包括将在纤维筛网改性纺织品基材的上面和下面两者上的纤维的松散的随机组合体进料到水力缠结单元。

Description

水力缠结纺织品和在个人清洁用具中的用途
本发明涉及新的非织造纺织品，以及该纺织品在个人清洁用具中的用途。
水力缠结是用于形成非织造织物的方法。常规方法包括借助于一系列纤维梳理机将相对开放的纤维的松散的随机组合体输送到水力缠结单元。纤维的松散的随机组合体被输送通过一系列高速水喷射器，该水喷射器的目的是使纤维的松散的组合体相互卷曲和缠结。因此，缠结提供了强度和尺寸稳定性。
获得表面组织的主要的结构形成过程在成型带或者筛网上进行，松散的纤维被沉积在成型带或者筛网上。这些成型带或者筛网由金属网或者塑料线制造，通常具有平纹编织构型。对于具有大直径的线的筛网，制造了开放的筛网结构。开放的筛网结构上的水喷射力，在线的交点或者关节处使纤维移动离开，在后来的非织造结构中产生开口或者网孔。筛网内的开孔区域容许纤维发生缠结。水力缠结可以将纤维网固结，以提供强度，改性表面组织，或者起到将网固结和将表面组织化两者的作用。
某些类型的个人护理产品要求使用非织造的基材。这些被用于皮肤，递送起泡沫表面活性剂。在这方面，存在对一种非织造基材的需要，在该非织造基材中，具有低的质量纤维密度的区域被具有较高质量纤维密度的区域围绕。特别地，寻求基于结合的纤维组合体的非织造结构，该结合的纤维组合体具有改进的覆盖度和膨松性。
在第一个方面，提供了个人护理清洁产品，该产品由以下形成：
(i)非织造的水力缠结纺织品，其被制造成在横截面中，中心区在上面和下面被较高的基础重量的区域围绕；和
(ii)个人清洁组合物，其包含起泡沫的表面活性剂，被沉积在所述纺织品上、渗透到所述纺织品中或者至少部分地被所述纺织品包围。
参考附图可以更明确本发明的其他特征和优点，其中图1是唯一的附图，其举例说明了本发明的方法。
现在已经开发了非织造的水力缠结的水不溶性织物，其是具有改进的覆盖度和膨松性的结合的纤维组合体。该纺织品的横截面中，低的质量纤维密度的区域(有孔的)在每个侧面被较高的质量纤维密度的区域围绕。这种改进的水力缠结布置是通过在常规水力缠结方法中引入筛网改性基材而获得的。在该体系中，有孔的筛网被用于制备非有孔的非织造织物。
普通成网技术使用一系列梳理机，将无规的松散的纤维组合体提供到高速水喷射器。按照本发明，用例如“稀松布”注释的筛网改性基材被引入到两台梳理机之间。这导致了由切断纤维和连续长丝纤维两者组成的层状的纤维组合体。存在纤维筛网改性基材，允许一定量的切断纤维与筛网改性基材在成型线交点(关节)上缠结。这降低了成型带或者筛网的形成网孔的能力。某些实施方案可以使用四台或以上的梳理机，并且甚至可以具有多于一层的稀松布。
纤维筛网改性基材可以是由随机铺放的结合的连续纤维组成的那种。这些纤维可以由聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)、聚丙烯(PP)、聚酰胺(PA)、聚乙烯(PE)和其纤维混合物形成。纤维旦尼尔可以为大约0.1到大约15、优选大约1到大约7旦尼尔。基材基础重量可以为大约5到大约50g/m2、优选大约10到大约25g/m2、最佳大约12到大约18g/m2。
在筛网改性基材上面较大的质量密度改进了产品的结构。因此，得到的非织造结构由被具有较高质量纤维密度的区域围绕的具有低的质量纤维密度的区域组成。在筛网改性基材下面较大的质量密度，允许对网孔进行较高程度的控制。在筛网改性基材上使用的纤维的松散的随机组合体的基础重量，可以为大约5到大约100g/m2、优选大约20到大约60g/m2、最佳大约35到大约45g/m2。类似地，在筛网改性基材下面使用的纤维的松散的随机组合体的基础重量，可以为大约5到大约100g/m2、优选大约20到大约60g/m2、最佳大约35到大约45g/m2。有利地，在中心区(筛网改性基材)上面和下面沉积的纤维的总基础重量可以为大约20到大约150g/m2、更优选大约30到大约100g/m2和最佳大约40到大约85g/m2。
在优选的实施方案中，在筛网改性基材的上面和下面的基础重量可以分别地在大约3:1到大约1:3的比值范围内，优选大约2:1到大约1:2的范围内，但是最佳的是实质上相同的大约1:1的比值。
有利地，总的基础重量(在中心区的上面和下面)的量与筛网改性基材的量可以为大约10:1到大约1:2、优选大约6:1到大约1:1、最佳大约4:1到大约2:1。
本发明的水力缠结纺织品可以包括结构化图案，特别是在与成型带(筛网)直接接触的外表面上。峰谷比可以在很大程度上改变。变化可以是在稀松布上沉积的松散的随机纤维的量的函数。其他的因素包括缠结能量的程度(在水力缠结单元之前对松散的随机纤维组合体施加的水力喷射压力)和成孔能量(在水力缠结单元内的水力喷射压力)。更进一步，外形可以取决于在成型带(筛网)内的网孔开口的尺寸。
在水力缠结期间使用的成型带或者筛网可以由通常在平纹编织构型中使用的金属网或者塑料线制造。具有开口筛网结构的成型带在产品制造期间被引入。可以改变筛网结构开口的程度，以改变产品的结构和形式。较小的筛网结构(或者开口)将降低在产品结构中获得的可变的质量纤维密度。
在水力缠结期间的水力喷射压力可以为大约50到大约5,000psi、优选大约200到大约3,000psi、最佳大约1000到大约2,000psi。
图1举例说明了生产本发明非织造纺织品的方法。梳理机2，4充当松散的随机纤维(例如聚丙烯)的贮存和分配贮存器。输送辊6将作为纤维筛网改性基材的非织造射流喷网法纤维网8进料。该基材被输入水力缠结单元10。同时，松散的随机纤维12，14的物流在基材8的上面和下面从相应的梳理机2，4输送过来。一起地，进入水力缠结单元10的复合物是层状纤维组合体16。
在进入水力缠结单元10之前，任选地可以存在预缠结步骤，其中将水力喷射压力施加于层状的纤维组合体16，以便为其提供强度。在水力缠结单元内，当层状的纤维组合体16被支持在成型带(筛网)20上时，层状的纤维组合体16经受来自于射流18的高速度水喷射。然后成型带20将水力缠结的层状的纤维组合体输送到干燥单元22。在那里将水除去，这样最终制造了水力缠结的纺织品。
虽然本发明的非织造的纺织品由纤维筛网改性基材8制造，并且该基材夹在纤维随机组合体12和14之间，但是其被认为是单层的基材。理由是，在水力缠结之后，如果不破坏该纺织品，则该纺织品不能被分离成其构成部分(即基材8和纤维12，14)。本发明纺织品的基础重量可以为大约15到大约200g/m2、优选大约60到大约150g/m2和最佳大约80到大约110g/m2。
对于本发明的目的，纤维筛网改性基材8可以是射流喷网法或者梳理/化学结合纺粘非织造水不溶性材料。基材8的来源可以是可购自田纳西州的Reemay公司、南卡罗莱纳州的高级无纺布和南卡罗莱纳州的PGI公司的纺粘稀松布。本发明的纺织品的膨松度可以为大约0.00005到大约0.1g/cm3、优选大约0.001到大约0.09g/cm3的密度，和大约0.1到大约5cm的厚度。
在此使用的“非织造”指所述层不包含被织成织物的纤维，该层根本不必需包含纤维，例如可以是成形的薄膜、海绵、泡沫或者稀松布。当所述层包含纤维时，纤维可以是随机的(即随机排列的)或者它们可以被梳理(梳理成主要地在一个方向中取向)。
本发明的纺织品可以被用作个人护理清洁产品中的用品，其可以适合于单次使用目的。在这些产品中，纺织品可以用起泡沫表面活性剂和任选地皮肤调理剂浸渍或者涂覆。该技术的代表公开于美国专利6,280,757(McAtee等)、美国专利5,980,931(Fowler等)、WO00/42961(Smith)和WO01/08542(Cen等)，所有在此引入作为参考。
可选择地，所述纺织品可以被引入香料袋，其中香料袋的至少一个壁由本发明的纺织品形成，并且任选地香料袋的其他壁由各种其他的水不溶性织造或者非织造织物形成。起泡沫表面活性剂和任选地调理剂可以是包装在香料袋内的干燥颗粒的形式。这些产品被举例说明和描述于美国专利6,063,390(法雷尔等)，在此引入作为参考。
在如美国专利6,063,390所描述的个人清洁香料袋或者枕块的范围内，本发明的纺织品的优点是，在干贮藏期间防止了粉末表面活性剂及其他粉末成分通过纺织品中的网孔漏出。这些网孔是足够小的，以保留粉末，但是是足够大的，使水能够穿过香料袋，以在个人清洁洗涤过程中使表面活性剂及其他成分(例如泡腾化合物)活化。另外，本发明的纺织品在其外表面上具有疏松的高膨松性结构，其优点是能提高表面活性剂的起泡沫性和在皮肤上摩擦时的较软感觉。
使用本发明纺织品的个人清洁制品的优选的实施方案是这样一种制品，其包含：
(i)泡腾性清洁组合物，其在与水接触时能够产生泡沫；和
(ii)由第一和第二水不溶性基材形成的小袋，所述基材的至少一种是水可渗透的，所述第一和第二水不溶性基材在其之间形成包含所述清洁组合物的区域，并且所述基材的至少一种是具有本发明结构的纺织品。
可以沉积到枕块的袋中的泡腾性清洁组合物通常包含酸性物质的第一组分和碱性物质的第二组分。酸性物质优选是柠檬酸，碱性物质优选是碳酸氢盐例如碳酸氢钠。酸性物质和碱性物质的量可以分别占香料袋内组合物总量的大约1重量％到大约80重量％、优选大约15重量％到大约40重量％。
各种各样的起泡沫表面活性剂可以与本发明的纺织品一起用于任何个人清洁实施方案。有用的起泡沫表面活性剂包括月桂基硫酸钠、月桂基乙醚硫酸钠、月桂酰肌氨酸钠、椰油基牛磺酸钠、椰油基羟乙基磺酸钠、钠烷基氨基丙基甜菜碱、C14-C16烯烃磺酸钠、月桂基磺酰乙酸钠和任何其混合物。起泡沫表面活性剂可以是阴离子、阳离子、非离子、两性、两性离子类的以及任何其混合物。在个人清洁产品中，表面活性剂的量，占放置在纺织品上的或者与纺织品结合的组合物总量，为大约0.1重量％到大约30重量％、优选大约1重量％到大约25重量％、最佳大约8重量％到大约20重量％。
调理剂，无论是水溶性的或者水不溶性的或者其混合物，都可以包含在用于本发明纺织品用具的组合物中。适合的调理剂可以包括天然的或者合成的酯、硅氧烷油、烃、淀粉、脂肪酸、阳离子聚合物以及其混合物。通常调理剂的量占组合物总量为大约0.1重量％到大约35重量％。
实施例
除了在操作和对比例中，或者另外明确地指明，在本说明书中所有表示物质量的数字应该被理解为是用词语“大约”修饰的。
术语“包含”指不被限制到任何随后陈述的要素，而是包括具有主要的或者次要的功能重要性的非特定的要素。换言之，所列出的步骤、要素或者选择不必是详尽的。无论何时使用词语“含有”或者“具有”，这些术语意指与以上定义的“包含”相当。
实施例1
类似于WO 03/022230中的描述，制造了个人清洁枕块，该专利的全部内容在此特别地引入作为参考。类似于上述专利申请的表1I中所描述的那种的粉末，作为粉状物质，被放入枕块的小袋中。上述枕块的水-可渗透的壁用本发明的非织造水力缠结纺织品制造。该实施例对于高的(全部上面的和下面的)与低的质量纤维密度的区域，将具有不同纤维重量比的水力缠结纺织品的空气渗透率进行关联，并且评价泡沫释放。对于这些实验，在中心区的低质量密度纤维的上面和下面区域，高质量密度纤维的量是相当的。
 
样品 重量比(高的/低的) 总重量(g/m<sup>2</sup>) 空气渗透率*
I 3 82 266
II 2.5 71.5 477
III 1.5 51 678
IV 4 102 371
V 4.1667 103 348
VI 2.875 102 250
VII 3.375 61 529
*按照ASTM D737-96测量。
泡沫释放以以下方式测量。
将温度计附于洗涤槽水龙头，读出水温。然后将水温调节到100℉(38℃)，并且保持在该温度下。用手拿着样品枕块，并且放入水流中3秒。在手中旋转枕块，使得枕块的两面都将暴露。再次将枕块保持在水流中达到另外的3秒。当枕块从水流中提出时，设置计时器，以测量完全的泡沫释放所需要的时间长度。记录这些时间，并且记录目视观察结果。“泡沫释放”按照以下等级评价：
很好＝0.2秒，并且表示在枕块的两个侧面上瞬间达到完全的泡沫释放；应该注意到中等的波浪形压力；
良好＝1-2秒，在枕块的两个侧面上达到完全的泡沫释放；
一般＝2-4秒，较慢的泡沫释放，观察到在两个侧面上释放速度不同；
差＝3-6秒，缓慢的泡沫释放，并且具有高的波浪形枕块内部压力。
对于每个样品，使用3-5个相同类型的枕块重复上述过程。以上过程的时间和专门小组的一致意见的结合被用于提供下表中的泡沫释放的描述。
 
样品 空气渗透率 泡沫释放
I 266 差
II 477 良好
III 678 很好
IV 371 一般
V 348 一般
VI 250 差
VII 529 很好
使用样品III和VII获得了最好的性能。
这些与最高水平的空气渗透率有关系。
因此，本发明的非织造纺织品应该具有这样的结构，其空气渗透率高于250、优选至少300和最佳至少500。优选的范围为大约300到大约1,000。应当注意，如果该体系变得过于透气，那么枕块内装盛的粉末将不希望地在用水活化之前漏出。

Claims (11)

1.个人清洁制品，其包含：
a)非织造的水力缠结纺织品，其被制造成在横截面中具有在两个侧面被较高基础重量的区域围绕的中心区域；和
(b)个人清洁组合物，其包含起泡沫的表面活性剂，被沉积在所述纺织品上、渗透到所述纺织品中或者至少部分地被所述纺织品包围。
2.权利要求1的制品，其中所述起泡沫表面活性剂以占组合物为0.1％重量到30％重量的量存在。
3.权利要求1的制品，其中所述个人清洁组合物还包含0.1重量％到35重量％的水溶性的或者水不溶性的皮肤调节剂。
4.权利要求1的制品，其中所述个人清洁组合物还包含在接触水时能够产生泡沫的泡腾性成分。
5.权利要求4的制品，其中泡腾性成分包括酸和碳酸氢盐。
6.权利要求1的制品，其中在两个侧面上较高基础重量的区域相对于中心区域具有的基础重量比为10:1到2:1。
7.权利要求6的制品，其中所述比为6:1到2:1。
8.权利要求1的制品，其空气渗透率为300到1,000。
9.权利要求1的制品，其中所述中心区域的基础重量为5到50g/m2，并且在两个侧面上的较高基础重量的区域的基础重量为5到100g/m2。
10.权利要求1的制品，其中所述中心区域的基础重量为10到25g/m2，并且在两个侧面上的较高基础重量的区域的基础重量为20到60g/m2。
11.权利要求1的制品，其中所述中心区域的基础重量为12到18g/m2，并且在两个侧面上的较高基础重量的区域的基础重量为35到45g/m2。
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US20060162139A1 (en) 2006-07-27
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US20050227566A1 (en) 2005-10-13

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