CN100443178C - 一种乙烯低聚的催化剂组合物及其应用 - Google Patents
一种乙烯低聚的催化剂组合物及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN100443178C CN100443178C CNB2006100572542A CN200610057254A CN100443178C CN 100443178 C CN100443178 C CN 100443178C CN B2006100572542 A CNB2006100572542 A CN B2006100572542A CN 200610057254 A CN200610057254 A CN 200610057254A CN 100443178 C CN100443178 C CN 100443178C
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- 238000006384 oligomerization reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title abstract description 29
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-octene Chemical compound CCCCCCC=C KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Octanol Natural products CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- -1 cyclopropyl,Cyclopentyl Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- JYLPOJPHFDVWCY-UHFFFAOYSA-K oxolane;trichlorochromium Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cr+3].C1CCOC1 JYLPOJPHFDVWCY-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- XEHUIDSUOAGHBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium;pentane-2,4-dione Chemical compound [Cr].CC(=O)CC(C)=O.CC(=O)CC(C)=O.CC(=O)CC(C)=O XEHUIDSUOAGHBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 125000003983 fluorenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3CC12)* 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N monobenzene Natural products C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexene Chemical compound CCCCC=C LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- RWGFKTVRMDUZSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N cumene Chemical compound CC(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 RWGFKTVRMDUZSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001845 chromium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001559 cyclopropyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000008282 halocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- UAEPNZWRGJTJPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylcyclohexane Chemical compound CC1CCCCC1 UAEPNZWRGJTJPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- SPEUIVXLLWOEMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COC(C)OC SPEUIVXLLWOEMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- YVSMQHYREUQGRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethyloxaluminane Chemical compound CC[Al]1CCCCO1 YVSMQHYREUQGRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000501667 Etroplus Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 1
- FRBFQWMZETVGKX-UHFFFAOYSA-K chromium(3+);6-methylheptanoate Chemical compound [Cr+3].CC(C)CCCCC([O-])=O.CC(C)CCCCC([O-])=O.CC(C)CCCCC([O-])=O FRBFQWMZETVGKX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- CPOFMOWDMVWCLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl(oxo)alumane Chemical compound C[Al]=O CPOFMOWDMVWCLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 19
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 11
- 125000006267 biphenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 11
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylbenzene Natural products C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- XGRJZXREYAXTGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorodiphenylphosphine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1P(Cl)C1=CC=CC=C1 XGRJZXREYAXTGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 7
- CBCKQZAAMUWICA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-phenylenediamine Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(N)C=C1 CBCKQZAAMUWICA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229940044174 4-phenylenediamine Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000004822 1,4-dichlorobenzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- IBUWSVDQGMTMLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(C)(C)[P].[N].C1(=CC=CC=C1)[P]C1=CC=CC=C1 Chemical compound C(C)(C)[P].[N].C1(=CC=CC=C1)[P]C1=CC=CC=C1 IBUWSVDQGMTMLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FAVTXBAMLQPDID-UHFFFAOYSA-N C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3CC12)[P].[N].C1(=CC=CC=C1)[P]C1=CC=CC=C1 Chemical compound C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3CC12)[P].[N].C1(=CC=CC=C1)[P]C1=CC=CC=C1 FAVTXBAMLQPDID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RHLYKLPLFQNWFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N C1(CC1)[P].[N].C1(=CC=CC=C1)[P]C1=CC=CC=C1 Chemical compound C1(CC1)[P].[N].C1(=CC=CC=C1)[P]C1=CC=CC=C1 RHLYKLPLFQNWFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LSRLLOZBJURIHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N C1(CCCCC1)[P].[N].C1(=CC=CC=C1)[P]C1=CC=CC=C1 Chemical compound C1(CCCCC1)[P].[N].C1(=CC=CC=C1)[P]C1=CC=CC=C1 LSRLLOZBJURIHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LGECWBPIYVTLMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].C1(=CC=CC=C1)[P]C1=CC=CC=C1 Chemical compound [N].C1(=CC=CC=C1)[P]C1=CC=CC=C1 LGECWBPIYVTLMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PAFZNILMFXTMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexylamine Chemical compound NC1CCCCC1 PAFZNILMFXTMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JJWLVOIRVHMVIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopropylamine Chemical compound CC(C)N JJWLVOIRVHMVIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- OBETXYAYXDNJHR-SSDOTTSWSA-M (2r)-2-ethylhexanoate Chemical compound CCCC[C@@H](CC)C([O-])=O OBETXYAYXDNJHR-SSDOTTSWSA-M 0.000 description 1
- QPFMBZIOSGYJDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane Chemical class ClC(Cl)C(Cl)Cl QPFMBZIOSGYJDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Dichloroethane Chemical class ClCCCl WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CYSPWCARDHRYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9h-fluoren-1-amine Chemical compound C12=CC=CC=C2CC2=C1C=CC=C2N CYSPWCARDHRYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UAPJAXQBPCBARZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(CCC)[P].[N].C1(=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C12)[P]C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C12 Chemical compound C(CCC)[P].[N].C1(=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C12)[P]C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C12 UAPJAXQBPCBARZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZSIINFPCJLEZND-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(CCC)[P].[N].C1(=CC=CC=C1)[P]C1=CC=CC=C1 Chemical compound C(CCC)[P].[N].C1(=CC=CC=C1)[P]C1=CC=CC=C1 ZSIINFPCJLEZND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HTJDQJBWANPRPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclopropylamine Chemical compound NC1CC1 HTJDQJBWANPRPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007868 Raney catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- NPXOKRUENSOPAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Raney nickel Chemical compound [Al].[Ni] NPXOKRUENSOPAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000564 Raney nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000005234 alkyl aluminium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- OBETXYAYXDNJHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-ethylcaproic acid Natural products CCCCC(CC)C(O)=O OBETXYAYXDNJHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001639 boron compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003426 co-catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013355 food flavoring agent Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002608 ionic liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013638 trimer Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C07C2/06—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms by addition between unsaturated hydrocarbons by oligomerisation of well-defined unsaturated hydrocarbons without ring formation of alkenes, i.e. acyclic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
- C07C2/08—Catalytic processes
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- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
- B01J31/18—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes containing nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic or antimony as complexing atoms, e.g. in pyridine ligands, or in resonance therewith, e.g. in isocyanide ligands C=N-R or as complexed central atoms
- B01J31/1845—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes containing nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic or antimony as complexing atoms, e.g. in pyridine ligands, or in resonance therewith, e.g. in isocyanide ligands C=N-R or as complexed central atoms the ligands containing phosphorus
- B01J31/1875—Phosphinites (R2P(OR), their isomeric phosphine oxides (R3P=O) and RO-substitution derivatives thereof)
- B01J31/188—Amide derivatives thereof
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种用于乙烯低聚的催化剂组合物及其应用,它包括铬化物a、含P和N的配体b、活化剂c和促进剂d;其中a为乙酰丙酮铬、四氢呋喃氯化铬和/或异辛酸铬;b的通式为见右式,R1、R2、R3、R4为苯基、苯甲基或萘基;R5为异丙基、丁基、环丙基、环戊基、环己基或芴基;c为甲基铝氧烷,乙基铝氧烷,丙基铝氧烷和/或丁基铝氧烷;d的通式为X1R6X2,中X1,X2为F、Cl、Br、I或烷氧基,R6为烷基或芳香基;a、b、c和d的摩尔比为1∶0.5~10∶50~3000∶0.5~10;将四种组分在氮气环境下混合10分钟后,加入反应釜中或将四种组分直接加入反应釜中,通入乙烯进行低聚反应,反应温度为30~200℃;反应压力为0.5~20.0MPa;时间为0.1~2小时;该催化剂用于乙烯低聚制1-辛烯,具有催化剂活性高、1-辛烯选择性高等特点,催化活性大于1.0×106g产品·mol-1Cr·h-1,C8线性α-烯烃的质量百分含量>70%。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种采用铬化物a、含P和/或N的配体b、烷基铝c以及一种促进剂d组成的催化体系,用于乙烯低聚的乙烯低聚的催化剂组合物及其应用。
技术背景
众所周知,1-辛烯、1-己烯等线性α-烯烃是重要的化工产品和中间体,广泛用于聚乙烯共聚单体、增塑剂醇、香精香料、合成润滑油及油品添加剂等领域。1-辛烯、1-己烯用做共聚单体可明显改善聚乙烯的密度,提高其抗撕裂和拉伸强度等机械性能。用做增塑剂醇时,可以使聚乙烯制品的低温柔软性、加工性、室外耐候性更好,尤其适用于制造电缆电线、汽车配件或装饰件等。
尽管1-辛烯在化学工业中具有重要的应用价值,但目前还没有乙烯低聚高选择性合成1-辛烯的技术。传统的乙烯齐聚技术得到的产物的碳数分布符合Schulz-Flory分布,这种分布使齐聚产物中1-辛烯的含量不可能太高。例如US6184428公开了一种镍催化剂,采用硼化合物为助催化剂,可以催化乙烯齐聚得到线性α-烯烃的混合物,其中1-辛烯的含量占19%。SHOP工艺(US3676523、US3635937)使用相似的催化体系,齐聚产物中1-辛烯的含量占11%。其它典型的乙烯齐聚工艺,如海湾石油公司的Chevron工艺(DE1443927)、乙基公司(BP/Amoco,US3906053)的乙烯齐聚工艺中1-辛烯的含量一般为13~25%。铬系催化剂体系主要用于乙烯三聚,1-辛烯的含量很少(<3%)。最近报道的铁系催化剂(J.Am.Chem.Soc.,1998,120:7143;Chem.Commun.1998,849;WO 99/02472)用于乙烯齐聚,得到的齐聚产物也呈宽分布,其1-辛烯的含量也较低(<20%)。WO2004/05647的乙烯四聚工艺中,1-辛烯的含量最高只有69.3%。
发明内容
本发明的目的是选择有利于四个分子的乙烯在相互成直角的铬的四个配位键上配位,从而有利于四个分子乙烯的自聚而选择性地生成1-辛烯,因此催化剂具有活性高,1-辛烯选择性好,而副产物聚乙烯少的催化剂组合物。
本发明涉及的用于乙烯低聚的铬催化剂体系,是含有以下组分的组合物:
(1)铬化物a:为乙酰丙酮铬、四氢呋喃氯化铬和/或异辛酸铬;
(2)含P和N的配体b:通式:
R1、R2、R3、R4为苯基、苯甲基、芴基或萘基;
R5为异丙基、丁基、环丙基、环戊基或环己基;
(3)活化剂c:为甲基铝氧烷、乙基铝氧烷、丙基铝氧烷和/或丁基铝氧烷;
(4)促进剂d:通式为X1R6X2;X1、X2为F、Cl、Br、I或烷氧基;R6为烷基或芳香基。
可以将a、b、c和d四种组分在氮气下混合10分钟后,加入反应釜中,通入乙烯进行低聚反应;也可以将a、b、c和d四种组分直接加入反应釜中,通入乙烯进行低聚反应,反应温度为30~200℃,优选为30~90℃,更优选为30~70℃;反应压力为0.5~20.0MPa,优选为1~10MPa,更优选为2~6MPa;时间为0.1~2小时,优选为0.3~1小时,更优选为0.5~0.7小时。
a∶b∶c∶d的摩尔比为1∶0.5~10∶50~3000∶0.5~10。
乙烯低聚反应主要在惰性溶剂中进行,可选择的溶剂包括烷烃、芳烃、卤代烃或烯烃。典型的溶剂包括,但不限于苯、甲苯、二甲苯、异丙苯、正庚烷、正己烷、甲基环己烷、环己烷、1-己烯、1-辛烯、离子液体等。
本发明的主要优点和效果:
本发明的铬系催化剂,由于有促进剂的作用,有利于四个分子的乙烯在相互成直角的铬的四个配位键上配位,从而有利于四个分子乙烯的自聚而选择性地生成1-辛烯,因此催化剂具有活性高,1-辛烯选择性好,而副产物聚乙烯少的特点,催化活性大于1.0×106g产品·mol-1Cr·h-1,C8线性α-烯烃的质量百分含量>70%。
具体实施方式
实施例1
1、制备(二苯基)磷氮(环丙基)磷(二苯基)配体
在经N2充分置换的带搅拌的100mL反应器中加入经脱水处理的二氯甲烷(20mL),三乙胺(3.75mL),二苯基氯化磷(1.326mL,7.2mmol),降温至0℃,缓慢加入环丙胺(3.6mmol),搅拌反应30min后升至室温继续反应12小时,过滤、干燥得到产物(0.87g,56.6%)。
2、催化剂的制备
在经N2充分置换的带搅拌的100mL反应器中加入经脱水处理的甲苯(10mL),按a∶b∶c∶d=1∶0.5∶300∶1的比例依次加入1.4mol/L的甲基铝氧烷甲苯溶液c,(二苯基)磷氮(环丙基)磷(二苯基)b,异辛酸铬a,1,1,2,2-四氯乙烷d,室温反应10min后备用。
3、乙烯低聚
500mL的高压釜加热到抽真空2小时,经氮气置换数次后充入乙烯,降温到预定温度,加入经脱水处理的甲苯(200mL)及上述催化剂,在40℃、5.0MPa的压力下进行低聚反应,反应30min后用冰浴降温、卸压,用质量分数为10%的酸化乙醇终止反应。得到低聚产物22.8g,催化剂活性为2.13×106g低聚物/mol Cr.h。见附表1。
实施例2
1、制备(二苯基)磷氮(环戊基)磷(二苯基)配体
在经N2充分置换的带搅拌的100mL反应器中加入经脱水处理的二氯甲烷(20mL),三乙胺(3.75mL),二苯基氯化磷(1.326mL,7.2mol),降温至0℃,缓慢加入环戊基胺(0.415mL,3.5mmol)。搅拌反应30min后升至室温继续反应12小时。过滤、干燥得到产物(0.55g,32.68%)。
2、催化剂的制备
在经N2充分置换的带搅拌的100mL反应器中加入经脱水处理的环己烷(10mL),按a∶b∶c∶d=1∶0.5∶50∶0.5的比例依次加入1.4mol/L的甲基铝氧烷甲苯溶液c,(二苯基)磷氮(环戊基)磷(二苯基)b,四氢呋喃氯化铬a,1,1,2,2-四溴乙烷d室温反应5min后备用。
3、乙烯低聚
500mL的高压釜加热到抽真空2小时,经氮气置换数次后充入乙烯,降温到预定温度,加入经脱水处理的环己烷(200mL)及上述催化剂。在30℃、6.0MPa的压力下进行低聚反应,反应20min后用冰浴降温、卸压,用质量分数为10%的酸化乙醇终止反应。得到低聚产物49.4g催化剂活性为1.70×106g低聚物/mol Cr.h。见附表1。
实施例3
1、制备(二苯基)磷氮(芴基)磷(二苯基)配体
在经N2充分置换的带搅拌的100mL反应器中加入经脱水处理的二氯甲烷(20mL),三乙胺(3.75mL),二苯基氯化磷(1.326mL,7.2mol),降温至0℃,缓慢加入芴胺(0.652g,3.6mmol)。搅拌反应30min后升至室温继续反应12小时。过滤、干燥得到产物(0.48g,24.3%)。
2、催化剂的制备
在经N2充分置换的带搅拌的100mL反应器中加入经脱水处理的环己烷(10mL),按a∶b∶c∶d=1∶1∶200∶3的比例依次加入丙基铝氧烷c,(二苯基)磷氮(芴基)磷(二苯基)b,乙酰丙酮铬a,1,2-二甲氧基乙烷d,室温反应5min后备用。
3、乙烯低聚
500mL的高压釜加热到抽真空2小时,经氮气置换数次后充入乙烯,降温到预定温度,加入经脱水处理的苯(200mL)及上述催化剂。在200℃、2.0MPa的压力下进行齐聚反应,反应40min后用冰浴降温、卸压,用质量分数为10%的酸化乙醇终止反应。得到低聚产物47.9g,催化剂活性为1.64×106g低聚物/mol Cr.h。见附表1。
实施例4
1、制备1,4-双(N(P(苯基)2)2)-苯配体
在经N2充分置换的带搅拌的100mL反应器中加入经脱水处理的二氯甲烷(20mL),三乙胺(3.75mL),二苯基氯化磷(1.326mL,7.2mmol),降温至0℃,缓慢加入1,4-苯二胺(0.19g,1.8mmol)。搅拌反应30min后升至室温继续反应12小时。过滤、干燥得到产物(0.8g,52.3%)。
2、催化剂的制备
在经N2充分置换的带搅拌的100mL反应器中加入经脱水处理的环己烷(10mL),按a∶b∶c∶d=1∶0∶300∶10的比例依次加入1.4mol/L的甲基铝氧烷甲苯溶液c,1,4-双(N(P(苯基)2)2)-苯b,2-乙基己酸铬a,1,2-二氯乙烷d,室温反应10min后备用。
3、乙烯低聚
500mL的高压釜加热到抽真空2小时,经氮气置换数次后充入乙烯,降温到预定温度,加入经脱水处理的庚烷((200mL)及上述催化剂。在90℃、7.0MPa的压力下进行低聚反应,反应20min后用冰浴降温、卸压,用质量分数为10%的酸化乙醇终止反应。催化剂活性为8.23×106g低聚物/mol Cr.h。低聚产物的分布见表1。
实施例5
1、制备(二苯基)磷氮(环己基)磷(二苯基)配体
在经N2充分置换的带搅拌的100mL反应器中加入经脱水处理的二氯甲烷(20mL),环己胺(3.75mL),二苯基氯化磷(1.326mL,7.2mmol),降温至0℃,缓慢加入1,4-苯二胺(0.19g,1.8mmol)。搅拌反应30min后升至室温继续反应12小时。过滤、干燥得到产物(0.8g,52.3%)。
2、催化剂的制备
在经N2充分置换的带搅拌的100mL反应器中加入经脱水处理的二甲苯(10mL),按a∶b∶c∶d=1∶5∶2000∶8的比例依次加入1.4mol/L的甲基铝氧烷甲苯溶液c,(二苯基)磷氮(环己基)磷(二苯基)b,四氢呋喃氯化铬a,1,4-二氯苯d,室温反应5min后备用。
3、乙烯低聚
500mL的高压釜加热到抽真空2小时,经氮气置换数次后充入乙烯,降温到预定温度,加入经脱水处理的二甲苯((200mL)及上述催化剂。在150℃、5.0MPa的压力下进行齐聚反应,反应50min后用冰浴降温、卸压,用质量分数为10%的酸化乙醇终止反应。得到低聚产物24.1g,催化剂活性为2.28×106g低聚物/mol Cr.h。低聚产物的分布见表1。
实施例6
1、制备(二苯基)磷氮(异丙基)磷(二苯基)配体
在经N2充分置换的带搅拌的100mL反应器中加入经脱水处理的二氯甲烷(20mL),异丙胺(5.5mL),二苯基氯化磷(1.326mL,7.2mmol),降温至0℃,缓慢加入1,4-苯二胺(0.19g,1.8mmol)。搅拌反应30min后升至室温继续反应12小时。过滤、干燥得到产物b(0.8g,52.3%)。
2、乙烯低聚
500mL的高压釜加热到抽真空2小时,经氮气置换数次后充入乙烯,降温到预定温度,加入经脱水处理的异丙苯(200mL)、按a∶b∶c∶d=1∶2∶300∶3的比例依次加入1.4mol/L的甲基铝氧烷甲苯溶液c,(二苯基)磷氮(异丙基)磷(二苯基)b,四氢呋喃氯化铬a,1,4-二氯苯d。在50℃、7.0MPa的压力下进行齐聚反应,反应30min后用冰浴降温、卸压,用质量分数为10%的酸化乙醇终止反应。得到低聚产物6.32g,催化剂活性为2.30×106g低聚物/mol Cr.h。见附表1。
实施例7
1、制备(二萘基)磷氮(丁基)磷(二萘基)配体
在经N2充分置换的带搅拌的100mL反应器中加入经脱水处理的二氯甲烷(20mL),异丙胺(5.5mL),二苯基氯化磷(1.326mL,7.2mmol),降温至0℃,缓慢加入1,4-苯二胺(0.19g,1.8mmol)。搅拌反应30min后升至室温继续反应12小时。过滤、干燥得到产物(0.8g,52.3%)。
2、乙烯低聚
500mL的高压釜加热到抽真空2小时,经氮气置换数次后充入乙烯,降温到预定温度,加入经脱水处理的环己烷(200mL)、按a∶b∶c∶d=1∶1∶200∶3的比例依次加入1.4mol/L的甲基铝氧烷甲苯溶液c,(二苯基)磷氮(丁基)磷(二苯基)b,四氢呋喃氯化铬a,1,1,2,2-四氟乙烷d。在50℃、8.0MPa的压力下进行齐聚反应,反应20min后用冰浴降温、卸压,用质量分数为10%的酸化乙醇终止反应。得到低聚产物43.2g,催化剂活性为1.51×106g低聚物/mol.h。见附表1。
Claims (5)
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于乙烯低聚的催化剂组合物的应用,其特征在于:将a、b、c和d四种组分在氮气环境下混合10分钟后,加入反应釜中,通入乙烯进行低聚反应或将a、b、c和d四种组分直接加入反应釜中,通入乙烯进行低聚反应,反应在惰性溶剂中进行,溶剂是烷烃、芳烃、卤代烃或烯烃;反应温度为30~200℃;反应压力为0.5~20.0MPa;时间为0.1~2小时。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种用于乙烯低聚的催化剂组合物的应用,其特征在于:低聚反应,反应温度为20~90℃;反应压力为1~10MPa;时间为0.3~1小时。
4.根据权利要求2所述的一种用于乙烯低聚的催化剂组合物的应用,其特征在于:低聚反应,反应温度为30~70℃;反应压力为2~6MPa;时间为0.5~0.7小时。
5.根据权利要求2所述的一种用于乙烯低聚的催化剂组合物的应用,其特征在于:低聚反应在惰性溶剂中进行,溶剂是苯、甲苯、二甲苯、异丙苯、正庚烷、正己烷、甲基环己烷、环己烷、1-己烯或1-辛烯。
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