CN100368922C - 用于制造多色电泳显示器的方法 - Google Patents
用于制造多色电泳显示器的方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN100368922C CN100368922C CNB2004100327522A CN200410032752A CN100368922C CN 100368922 C CN100368922 C CN 100368922C CN B2004100327522 A CNB2004100327522 A CN B2004100327522A CN 200410032752 A CN200410032752 A CN 200410032752A CN 100368922 C CN100368922 C CN 100368922C
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- solvent
- microcup
- miniature cup
- thermoplastic
- electrophoretic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229920002120 photoresistant polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 51
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000935 solvent evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010406 interfacial reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims 3
- 238000004049 embossing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011859 microparticle Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 36
- -1 urethanes acrylate Chemical class 0.000 description 21
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 18
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000003094 microcapsule Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 11
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 10
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000001962 electrophoresis Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 208000034189 Sclerosis Diseases 0.000 description 8
- 238000003847 radiation curing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 7
- 239000007767 bonding agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 7
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- FIHBHSQYSYVZQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-prop-2-enoyloxyhexyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCCCCCCOC(=O)C=C FIHBHSQYSYVZQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000012695 Interfacial polymerization Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- DGRVQOKCSKDWIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chloro-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzene Chemical class FC(F)(F)C1=CC=CC=C1Cl DGRVQOKCSKDWIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002671 adjuvant Substances 0.000 description 3
- PYKYMHQGRFAEBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthraquinone Natural products CCC(=O)c1c(O)c2C(=O)C3C(C=CC=C3O)C(=O)c2cc1CC(=O)OC PYKYMHQGRFAEBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000004056 anthraquinones Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000008282 halocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229920002493 poly(chlorotrifluoroethylene) Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- YCUVUDODLRLVIC-VPHDGDOJSA-N sudan black b Chemical compound C1=CC(=C23)NC(C)(C)NC2=CC=CC3=C1\N=N\C(C1=CC=CC=C11)=CC=C1\N=N\C1=CC=CC=C1 YCUVUDODLRLVIC-VPHDGDOJSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XILPLWOGHPSJBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dichloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=CC=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C1 XILPLWOGHPSJBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OCQDPIXQTSYZJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-bis(butylamino)anthracene-9,10-dione Chemical compound O=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C2=C1C(NCCCC)=CC=C2NCCCC OCQDPIXQTSYZJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KWVGIHKZDCUPEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(OC)(OC)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KWVGIHKZDCUPEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MFYSUUPKMDJYPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[(4-methyl-2-nitrophenyl)diazenyl]-3-oxo-n-phenylbutanamide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1NC(=O)C(C(=O)C)N=NC1=CC=C(C)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O MFYSUUPKMDJYPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IAFBRPFISOTXSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[[2-chloro-4-[3-chloro-4-[[1-(2,4-dimethylanilino)-1,3-dioxobutan-2-yl]diazenyl]phenyl]phenyl]diazenyl]-n-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-3-oxobutanamide Chemical compound C=1C=C(C)C=C(C)C=1NC(=O)C(C(=O)C)N=NC(C(=C1)Cl)=CC=C1C(C=C1Cl)=CC=C1N=NC(C(C)=O)C(=O)NC1=CC=C(C)C=C1C IAFBRPFISOTXSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002799 BoPET Polymers 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004821 Contact adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001651 Cyanoacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MWCLLHOVUTZFKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl cyanoacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(=C)C#N MWCLLHOVUTZFKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005041 Mylar™ Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241001597008 Nomeidae Species 0.000 description 2
- NRCMAYZCPIVABH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quinacridone Chemical compound N1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C2=C1C=C1C(=O)C3=CC=CC=C3NC1=C2 NRCMAYZCPIVABH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QXZUUHYBWMWJHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Co].[Ni] Chemical compound [Co].[Ni] QXZUUHYBWMWJHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- XCJYREBRNVKWGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) phthalocyanine Chemical compound [Cu+2].C12=CC=CC=C2C(N=C2[N-]C(C3=CC=CC=C32)=N2)=NC1=NC([C]1C=CC=CC1=1)=NC=1N=C1[C]3C=CC=CC3=C2[N-]1 XCJYREBRNVKWGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NNBZCPXTIHJBJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N decalin Chemical compound C1CCCC2CCCCC21 NNBZCPXTIHJBJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007723 die pressing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005323 electroforming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004945 emulsification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013007 heat curing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012943 hotmelt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001026 inconel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013008 moisture curing Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZDHCZVWCTKTBRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N omega-Hydroxydodecanoic acid Natural products OCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZDHCZVWCTKTBRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000002080 perylenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=C2C=CC=C3C4=CC=CC5=CC=CC(C1=C23)=C45)* 0.000 description 2
- CSHWQDPOILHKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N peryrene Natural products C1=CC(C2=CC=CC=3C2=C2C=CC=3)=C3C2=CC=CC3=C1 CSHWQDPOILHKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001259 photo etching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000005023 polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE) polymer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- KCTAWXVAICEBSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enoyloxy prop-2-eneperoxoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OOOC(=O)C=C KCTAWXVAICEBSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PYWVYCXTNDRMGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodamine B Chemical compound [Cl-].C=12C=CC(=[N+](CC)CC)C=C2OC2=CC(N(CC)CC)=CC=C2C=1C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O PYWVYCXTNDRMGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 2
- APSBXTVYXVQYAB-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium docusate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)CC(S([O-])(=O)=O)C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC APSBXTVYXVQYAB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000011877 solvent mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000014692 zinc oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- FBKFIAIRSQOXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-trichloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)benzene Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C1 FBKFIAIRSQOXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BJYHBJUWZMHGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dichloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)benzene Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=CC=CC(Cl)=C1Cl BJYHBJUWZMHGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PKHWFZURRIHTGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dimethyl-3-phenylbenzene ethane Chemical compound CC.C1(=CC=CC=C1)C=1C(=C(C=CC1)C)C PKHWFZURRIHTGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OVISMSJCKCDOPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,6-dichlorohexane Chemical compound ClCCCCCCCl OVISMSJCKCDOPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RKAMCQVGHFRILV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chlorononane Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCl RKAMCQVGHFRILV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RIWRBSMFKVOJMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-1-phenylpropan-2-ol Chemical compound CC(C)(O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 RIWRBSMFKVOJMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NUIURNJTPRWVAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,3'-Dimethylbenzidine Chemical compound C1=C(N)C(C)=CC(C=2C=C(C)C(N)=CC=2)=C1 NUIURNJTPRWVAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CDOUZKKFHVEKRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-bromo-n-[(prop-2-enoylamino)methyl]propanamide Chemical compound BrCCC(=O)NCNC(=O)C=C CDOUZKKFHVEKRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PIIDKTISGRZYNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ClC1=C(C(=C(C(=C1F)F)F)F)F.C1=CC=CC=C1 Chemical compound ClC1=C(C(=C(C(=C1F)F)F)F)F.C1=CC=CC=C1 PIIDKTISGRZYNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000338702 Cupido minimus Species 0.000 description 1
- XZMCDFZZKTWFGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanamide Chemical compound NC#N XZMCDFZZKTWFGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MJNYYUHBUALDOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N FC(C1=CC=CC=C1)(F)F.Cl.Cl Chemical compound FC(C1=CC=CC=C1)(F)F.Cl.Cl MJNYYUHBUALDOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001062009 Indigofera Species 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M Methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C([O-])=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl acrylate Chemical class COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910018487 Ni—Cr Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000872198 Serjania polyphylla Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- FHNINJWBTRXEBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sudan III Chemical compound OC1=CC=C2C=CC=CC2=C1N=NC(C=C1)=CC=C1N=NC1=CC=CC=C1 FHNINJWBTRXEBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl ether Chemical compound C=COC=C QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006243 acrylic copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000005215 alkyl ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001000 anthraquinone dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012296 anti-solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000987 azo dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JBTHDAVBDKKSRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N chembl1552233 Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC=C1N=NC1=C(O)C=CC2=CC=CC=C12 JBTHDAVBDKKSRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003486 chemical etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium nickel Chemical compound [Cr].[Ni] VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004855 decalinyl group Chemical group C1(CCCC2CCCCC12)* 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019329 dioctyl sodium sulphosuccinate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- KWKXNDCHNDYVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecylbenzene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1 KWKXNDCHNDYVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001312 dry etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008393 encapsulating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002118 epoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002650 habitual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- PGFXOWRDDHCDTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexafluoropropylene oxide Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1(F)OC1(F)F PGFXOWRDDHCDTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002895 hyperchromatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- UHOKSCJSTAHBSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N indanthrone blue Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC=C4NC5=C6C(=O)C7=CC=CC=C7C(=O)C6=CC=C5NC4=C3C(=O)C2=C1 UHOKSCJSTAHBSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001023 inorganic pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000006233 lamp black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003701 mechanical milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001512 metal fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-acid Natural products C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KERTUBUCQCSNJU-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel(2+);disulfamate Chemical compound [Ni+2].NS([O-])(=O)=O.NS([O-])(=O)=O KERTUBUCQCSNJU-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- DITXJPASYXFQAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel;sulfamic acid Chemical compound [Ni].NS(O)(=O)=O DITXJPASYXFQAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012860 organic pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- CEOCDNVZRAIOQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentachlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C1Cl CEOCDNVZRAIOQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent‐4‐en‐2‐one Natural products CC(=O)CC=C PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229950011087 perflunafene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- UWEYRJFJVCLAGH-IJWZVTFUSA-N perfluorodecalin Chemical compound FC1(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)[C@@]2(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)[C@@]21F UWEYRJFJVCLAGH-IJWZVTFUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010701 perfluoropolyalkylether Substances 0.000 description 1
- IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalocyanine Chemical compound N1C(N=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C(N=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C(=N4)N3)=N2)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1N=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C4=N1 IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000053 physical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010076 replication Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012748 slip agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940073450 sudan red Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 210000004243 sweat Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylenepentamine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCNCCN FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000930 thermomechanical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- PXXNTAGJWPJAGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N vertaline Natural products C1C2C=3C=C(OC)C(OC)=CC=3OC(C=C3)=CC=C3CCC(=O)OC1CC1N2CCCC1 PXXNTAGJWPJAGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/165—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field
- G02F1/166—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect
- G02F1/167—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect by electrophoresis
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C39/00—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor
- B29C39/02—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor for making articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
- B29C39/026—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor for making articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles characterised by the shape of the surface
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C39/00—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor
- B29C39/02—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor for making articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
- B29C39/04—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor for making articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles using movable moulds not applied
- B29C39/06—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor for making articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles using movable moulds not applied continuously movable, e.g. along a production line
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/165—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field
- G02F1/1675—Constructional details
- G02F1/16755—Substrates
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/165—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field
- G02F1/1675—Constructional details
- G02F1/1679—Gaskets; Spacers; Sealing of cells; Filling or closing of cells
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/133305—Flexible substrates, e.g. plastics, organic film
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/133377—Cells with plural compartments or having plurality of liquid crystal microcells partitioned by walls, e.g. one microcell per pixel
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1339—Gaskets; Spacers; Sealing of cells
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrochromic Elements, Electrophoresis, Or Variable Reflection Or Absorption Elements (AREA)
- Eye Examination Apparatus (AREA)
- Devices For Indicating Variable Information By Combining Individual Elements (AREA)
- Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及用于制造多色电泳显示器的方法,包括以下步骤:a)制备微型杯;b)将所述微型杯层叠一层正性光致抗蚀剂;c)将所述的正性光致抗蚀剂进行图形曝光,在预定区域中有选择地打开微型杯;d)将打开的微型杯用电泳流体填充,所述电泳流体包含分散于第一色的介电溶剂中的带电荷颜料微粒;e)将经填充的所述微型杯密封;f)在不同的区域中重复步骤c)至e),从而产生填充有不同颜色的电泳流体的微型杯组;以及g)如果有,则去除残留的正性光致抗蚀剂。该方法可通过辊对辊的方式连续地或半连续地进行用该方法制造的显示器可以达到仅一张纸的厚度,对于环境不敏感。该显示器的特点是薄、具柔韧性、耐用、易操作并且形式灵活。
Description
发明背景
a)本发明所属的技术领域
本发明涉及一种电泳显示器,它包含对形状、尺寸、和纵横比有明确定义的盒,该盒用分散在溶剂中的带电荷颜料微粒填充;本发明还涉及制造这种显示器的新颖方法。
b)与本发明相关的背景技术
该电泳显示器是根据悬浮在溶剂中的带电荷颜料微粒的电泳现象制成的一种非发射性的装置。这种电泳显示器在1969年被首次提出。该显示器通常包含具有电极的两块板,这两块板彼此相对放置并由间隔物分隔开。该电极板中的一块通常是透明的。一种包含有一经过染色的溶剂和带电荷颜料微粒的悬浮物被封装在该二电极板之间。当在二个电极之间施加一个电压差时,该颜料微粒将迁移到一侧,该颜料的颜色或该溶剂的颜色依电压差的极性显现。
为了避免不希望的微粒移动(诸如沉淀),有人提出将二个电极之间的空间分成较小的单元。然而,在分隔式电泳显示器的情况下,在制作分隔物和悬浮物密封的过程中会遇到一些问题。另外,在分隔式电泳显示器中,不同颜色的悬浮物也很难彼此分离。
后来,有人尝试把悬浮物密封在微胶囊中。美国专利第5,961,804号以及第5,930,026号对微胶囊化的电泳显示器进行了说明。所述作为参考的显示器具有基本二维的微胶囊排列,每个微胶囊具有包含一种介电流体和一种带电荷颜料微粒悬浮物(在视觉上与介电溶剂对比)的电泳液组成。该微胶囊可以通过界面聚合、原位聚合,或其它已有的方法(例如物理制程、液体内固化或简单/复杂凝聚)来形成。在其形成后,该微胶囊可被注入到装有二个被间隔开的电极的盒中,或被“印刷”或被涂布到一透明导电膜上。该微胶囊也可被固定在一透明基材或夹在二电极之间的粘合剂中。
利用这些现有工艺方法,特别是美国专利第5,930,026号、第5,961,804号以及第6,017,584号所披露的微胶囊方法制备的电泳显示器有许多缺点。例如,用微胶囊方法制造的电泳显示器,由于微胶囊壁的化学性质受到对环境变化的敏感度(特别是对于湿度与温度的敏感度)的不利影响。第二,基于该微胶囊制作的电泳显示器,由于微胶囊的薄壁和大颗粒尺寸而具有不佳的抗刮性。为改进该显示器的操作性,微胶囊被嵌埋于大量的聚合物基材中。但是,由于二电极间距增大,使反应时间变长。因为电荷控制剂在该微胶囊制造期间倾向于扩散到水/油界面,所以也很难增加该颜料微粒上的表面电荷密度。在该微胶囊中颜料微粒的低电荷密度或ζ电位也会使响应速率降低。此外,因为微胶囊的大微粒尺寸和与大范围分布,对于色彩应用而言,此类型的现有技术的电泳显示器具有的分辨率与寻址能力较低。
本发明简述
本发明的第一个方面是关于一种电泳显示器,它包括形状、尺寸、和纵横比有明确定义的盒。该盒用分散在介电溶剂中的带电荷颜料微粒填充。
本发明另一个方面,提供了一种用于制造该电泳显示器的新颖的制造工艺。
本发明另一个方面,提供了具有明确定义的形状、尺寸、和纵横比的盒的制备方法。该盒将分散在介电溶剂中的带电荷颜料微粒密封,并由根据本发明所制作的微型杯构成。简言之,制备微型杯的方法包括用一个预成形的凸模,将涂布在一导电膜上的一热塑性或热固性前体物层进行模压;接着用辐射、冷却、溶剂蒸发、或其它方法使该热固性前体物层硬化;在硬化期间或之后,将其脱模。此外,该微型杯的形成可以通过将涂有辐射固化层的导电膜进行图形曝光,然后在该曝光区域变硬后,去除未曝光区域。
耐溶解且热机械稳定的微型杯所具有的尺寸、形状、和开口比例范围很宽,可以用上述两种方法中任一种方法制作。然后用在介电溶剂中的带电荷颜料微粒悬浮物填充该微型杯并密封。
本发明的另一个方面,是对填充有悬浮在介电溶剂中的带电荷颜料微粒分散物的电泳流体的微型杯提供密封方法。可以通过多种方法完成密封。优选的是,在该填充步骤之前,将一种热塑性或热固性前体物分散在该电泳流体中。该热塑性或热固性前体物与该介电溶剂不互溶,并具有比该溶剂和颜料微粒低的比重。在填充后,热塑性或热固性前体物将与电泳流体相分离,并在该流体的表面形成一漂浮层。然后,通过溶剂蒸发、界面反应、湿气、热或辐射,使该前体物层硬化,很容易地完成微型杯的密封。虽然可以使用二个或多个上述固化机理的组合来增加密封生产能力,但是优选为紫外光(UV)辐射方法。此外,该密封可以通过将包含有该热塑性或热固性前体物的溶液涂布在该电泳流体上完成。然后通过溶剂蒸发、界面反应、湿气、热、辐射或固化机理的组合方法,使该前体物层硬化而完成密封。这些密封方法是本发明的独特特征。
本发明的另一个方面,提供一种用于制造包含有明确定义的形状和尺寸的盒的单色电泳显示器的多步骤方法。该处理步骤包括使用上述的任何方法之一制备微型杯,将微型杯密封,以及最后用预涂布胶层的一第二导电膜与已经密封的微型杯阵列层叠。这种多步骤处理可以通过辊对辊的方式连续进行。
本发明的另一个方面提供一种用于制造全彩电泳显示器的方法,通过使用一正性作用的光致抗蚀剂层叠在预成形的微型杯上;通过将正性光致抗蚀剂图形曝光,然后显影光致抗蚀剂,选择性地打开一定数量的微型杯;使用着色的电泳流体填充已经开启的微型杯;用一种密封方法将已填充的微型杯密封。这些步骤可以重复,以形成填充不同颜色电泳流体的密封微型杯。
所披露的这些多步骤方法,可以通过辊对辊的方式连续地或半连续地进行。因此,这些方法适用于大批量低成本的生产。而且与其它大量生产操作工艺相比,这些方法的效率高并且成本低。根据本发明所制作的电泳显示器对于环境,特别是对于湿度和温度不敏感。该显示器的特点是薄、具柔韧性、耐用、易操作并且形式灵活。因为根据本发明所制作的电泳显示器包含纵横比令人满意且对形状和尺寸有明确定义的盒,所以该双重稳定反射式显示器具有极佳的色彩寻址能力、高对比度、以及快的切换速率。因此,消除了在先技术的电泳显示器的缺点。
附图简要说明
图1是本发明的电泳显示器的示意图。
图2a与2b图示用于电泳显示器制造的辊对辊工艺,特别是通过将涂布有一紫外光可固化组分的导电膜进行模压制作微型杯。
图3a至3d说明一种制作微模压用凸模的典型方法。
图4a至4c表示一种通过微模压所制作的典型的微型杯阵列。
图5a至5c表示通过对涂布有一层紫外光辐射热固性前体物的导电膜进行图形曝光制作微型杯的其它制作步骤。
图6是制作黑/白电泳显示器或其它单色电泳显示器的流程图。
图7a至7h是用于制作多色电泳显示器的流程图。
本发明详述
定义
除非在本专利说明书中另有定义,否则在此所有的技术术语都是根据本领域一般技术人员所通常使用和理解的惯用定义来使用。
术语“微型杯”是指通过微模压或图形曝光所制作的杯状凹处。
在本专利说明书中,术语“盒”所要表达的是指由一个密封的微型杯所形成的一个单位。该盒以分散在溶剂或溶剂混合物中的带电荷颜料微粒填充。
术语“明确定义”在说明该微型杯或盒时,意指该微型杯或盒具有根据本方法的特定参数所预先确定的明确形状、尺寸、和纵横比。
术语“纵横比”是电泳显示器技术中所通常熟知的术语。在本专利说明书中,它是指该微型杯的深度与宽度或深度与长度的比例。
优选实施例
如图1所示,本发明的电泳显示器包含有二个电极板(10,11)(至少其中之一是透明的(10)),和一层装在该二个电极之间的盒层(12)。该盒具有明确定义的形状和尺寸,并用分散在经着色的介电溶剂中的带电荷颜料微粒填充。当在两个电极之间施加一个电压差时,该带电荷微粒迁移到一侧,可以通过透明导电膜看见颜料或溶剂的颜色。至少两个导体之一是预制图形的。用于制备此类电泳显示器的方法包括很多方面。
I微型杯的制备
I(a)用模压法制备微型杯
加工步骤见图2a和图2b。凸模(20)可以放置在腹板(24)上方(图2a)或下方(图2b)。该透明导电极板是通过在一玻璃板或塑料板上涂布一层透明导电膜(21)制成。然后把一热塑性或热固性前体物层(22)涂布在该导电膜上。该热塑性或热固性前体物层在高于其玻璃化温度下,用辊、板、或带型凸模进行模压。用于制作该微型杯的热塑性或热固性前体物可以是多官能团的丙烯酸酯或甲基丙烯酸酯、乙烯醚、环氧化物以及它们的低聚物、聚合物和与类似物。优选的是多官能团丙烯酸酯及其低聚物。为获得理想的物理机械性能,多官能团环氧化物和多官能团丙烯酸酯的组合也非常有用。通常也加入诸如氨基甲酸乙酯丙烯酸酯、或聚酯丙烯酸酯等增强挠性的可交联低聚物,以增强模压制成的微型杯的弯曲强度。该组分可包含聚合物、低聚物、单体与添加剂,或者仅有低聚物、单体与添加剂。这种材料的玻璃化温度(Tg)通常在约-70℃150℃的范围,优选为约-20℃至50℃。该微模压制作通常在高于玻璃化温度的温度下进行。一个经过加热的凸模或一个经过加热的底板(模具靠在其上进行模压)可以用来控制微模压的温度和压力。
如图2a与图2b所示,在该热固性前体物层硬化的期间或之后,将该凸模脱模,显现出微型杯阵列(23)。该前体物层的硬化可通过冷却、辐射、热或湿气引发交联来完成。如果该热固性前体物的固化是通过紫外光辐射来完成,则紫外光可以从腹板的底部或顶端照射在透明导电膜上,如二图中所示。此外,紫外光灯可以安装在该模具内部。在这种情况中,模具必须是透明的,以使紫外光可以透过预成型的凸模辐射热固性前体物层。
凸模的制备
凸模可以通过光致抗蚀剂处理,然后进行蚀刻或电镀来制备。图3给出一种用于制备凸模的代表性实施例。使用电镀(图3a),在一玻璃基板(30)上喷镀一层籽金属薄层(31)(通常为3000_),例如铬镍铁合金(chrome inconel)。接着涂布一层光致抗蚀剂层(32),并用紫外光曝光。在该紫外光与光致抗蚀剂层(32)之间放置一个光掩模(34)。该光致抗蚀剂的曝光区域变硬。然后用适当的溶剂清洗,去除未曝光区域。烘干剩下的硬化光致抗蚀剂,并再次喷镀一层籽金属薄层。然后一主模(图3b)就制备好了,可以进行电铸。用于电铸成形的典型材料是镍钴合金(33)。此外,该主模可由镍制作,如摄影光学仪器工程师学会会刊卷1663,pp.324(1992)中《薄镀层光学介质的连续制作》(“Continuousmanufacturing of thin cover sheet optical media”,SPIE Proc.)中所说明的,采用氨基磺酸镍(nickel sulfamate)电铸或无电镍沉积。该模具(22)的底板通常约50至400微米。该主模也可用其他微工程技术制作,包括电子束写入、干式蚀刻、化学蚀刻、激光写入或激光干涉,如《精密光学复制技术》见摄影光学仪器工程师学会会刊(“Replication techniques for micro-optics”,SPIE Proc.)卷3099,pp.76-82(1997)中说明。此外,该模具可使用塑料、陶瓷、金属,利用光加工制作。
图4a是通过微模压所制作的典型微型杯的光学轮廓测量的三维轮廓。图4b是表示该微型杯开口的光学显微照片俯视图。图4c是表示其深度的一列微型杯的光学轮廓纵向剖面视图。
I(b)通过图形曝光制作微型杯
作为另一种制作微型杯的方法,可以利用紫外光或其它形式的辐射,穿过光掩模(50),将涂布在导电膜(52)上的辐射固化材料(51)进行图形曝光(图5a)。该导电膜(52)涂布在塑料基板(53)上。
就辊对辊的工艺来说,光掩模可与腹板同步,即以与腹板相同的速度移动。在图5a的光掩模(50)中,深色的方块(54)代表不透明的区域,而该深色方块之间的空间(55)则代表无遮挡的区域。紫外光穿过无遮挡的区域(55)照射在辐射固化材料上。经曝光的区域变硬,然后将未曝光区域(光掩模的不透明区域所保护的)用适当的溶剂或显影剂去除,形成微型杯(56)。该溶剂或显影剂选自丁酮、甲苯、丙酮、异丙醇或类似物等通常用于溶解或降低辐射固化材料粘性的物质。
图5b和图5c说明用图形曝光制备微型杯的其它两种可选方法。此二图示的特点基本与图5a相同,对应的组件也用相同的数字标示。在图5b中,所使用的导电膜(52)不透明并且已预制图形。在这种情况下,利用导体图案作为光掩膜对感光材料进行图形曝光是有利的。在紫外光辐射后,去除未曝光区域,制成微型杯(56)。在图5c中,导电膜(52)也是不透明且有区带画案。通过作为第一光掩模的区带图案导电膜(52)从底部使该辐射固化材料曝光。从另一侧通过具有与该导电膜的区带垂直的区带图案的第二光掩模(50),进行第二曝光。然后用溶剂或显影剂去除未曝光区域,显露出微型杯(56)。
通常,该微型杯可以是任意形状的,且其尺寸与形状可以改变。在一个系统中,该微型杯可以具有大致相同的尺寸和形状。然而,为了使光学效果最大化,可制作形状和尺寸不同的混合微型杯。例如,用红色分散物填充的微型杯可以与绿色微型杯或蓝色微型杯具有不同的形状或尺寸。此外,一个像素可由不同个数的不同颜色的微型杯组成。例如,一个像素可由多个小的绿色微型杯、多个大的红色微型杯、以及多个小的蓝色微型杯组成。三种颜色不必具有相同的形状和数目。
该微型杯的开口可以是圆形、正方形、长方形、六角形或任何其它形状。开口之间的间隔区域最好小一些,以便在维持理想的机械性质的同时,获得较高的色彩饱和度和对比度。因此,蜂巢状开口比其它形状(例如圆形)开口更好。
对于反射式电泳显示器而言,各个微型杯的尺寸可在约102至约5×105平方微米的范围内,优选为约103至约5×104平方微米。微型杯的深度在约3至约100微米的范围内,优选为约10至约50微米。开口对壁的比例在约0.05至约100的范围内,优选为约0.4至约20。开口的距离(由开口的边缘至边缘的距离)通常在约15至约450微米的范围内,优选约25至约300微米。
II悬浮物/分散物的制备
用分散在介电溶剂中的带电荷颜料微粒填充微型杯。该分散物可根据现有的方法制备,例如披露于美国专利第6,017,584号、第5,914,806号、第5,573,711号、第5,403,518号、第5,380,362号、第4,680,103号、第4,285,801号、第4,093,534号、第4,071,430号、第3,668,106号,电气和电子工程师协会会刊《电子装置》(IEEETrans.Electron Device),ED-24,827(1977),以及J.Appl.Phys.49(9),4820(1978)。该带电荷的颜料微粒与其所悬浮的介质在视觉上形成反差。该介质是介电溶剂,最好具有低粘度且介电常数在约2至约30,对于高的微粒移动率而言,优选为约2至约15。适当的介电溶剂的实施例包括有十氢化萘(DECALIN)、5-亚乙基-2-降冰片烯、脂肪油、蜡下油等碳氢化合物;甲苯、二甲苯、苯基二甲苯乙烷、十二烷基苯和烷基萘等芳香族碳氢化合物;全氟萘烷、全氟甲苯、全氟二甲苯、二氯化三氟甲苯(dichlorobenzotrifluoride)、3,4,5三氯化-三氟甲苯(3,4,5-trichlorobenzotrifluoride)、氯五氟基苯(chloropentafluoro-benzene)、二氯壬烷、五氯苯等卤化溶剂;自明尼苏达州圣保罗(St.Paul)的3M公司的全氟溶剂,例如FC-43、FC-70和FC-5060;来自俄勒岗州波特兰(Portland)的TCI America公司的低分子量的含卤素的聚合物,例如聚全氟丙烯基醚(poly(perfluoropropylene oxide);来自新泽西州River Edge的Halocarbon Product公司的聚氯三氟乙烯poly(chlorotrifluoroethylene),例如卤烃油(Halocarbon oil);全氟化聚烷基醚(perfluoropolyalkylether),例如来自Ausimont公司的Galden或是来自特拉华州DuPont的Krytox Oils和油脂K-流体系列。在一个优选实施例中,使用聚氯三氟乙烯作为介电溶剂。在另一优选实施例中,使用聚全氟丙烯基醚做为介电溶剂。
该悬浮介质可为染料或颜料所着色。非离子偶氮与蒽醌染料特别地有用。有用的染料的例子非限定性地包括:亚利桑那州PylamProducts公司生产的油溶红EGN(Oil Red EGN),苏丹红(SudanRed),苏丹蓝(Sudan Blue),油溶蓝(Oil Blue),Macrolex Blue,溶剂蓝35(Solvent Blue 35),亚利桑那州Pylam Products公司的PylamSpirit黑和Fast Spirit黑,Aldrich公司的苏丹黑B(Sudan Black B),BASF公司的Thermoplastic Black X-70,以及Aldrich公司的蒽醌蓝,蒽醌黄114,蒽醌红111,135,蒽醌绿28。对于不溶性颜料的情形,用于使介质产生颜色的颜料颗粒亦可分散于该介电介质中。这些有色颗粒优选为不带电荷的。如果用于在介质中产生颜色的颜料颗粒是带电荷的,则其最好带有与该带电荷颜料微粒相反的电荷。若二种颜料微粒带有相同的电荷,则其应具有不同的电荷密度或不同的电泳移动速率。在任何情况下,用于产生介质颜色的染料或颜料必需具有化学稳定性,并与悬浮物中的其它组分相容。
该带电荷颜料微粒可为有机或无机颜料,如自Sum化学制品公司的TiO2、酞菁蓝(phthalocyanine blue)、酞菁绿(phthalocyaninegreen)、二芳基黄(diarylide yellow)、二芳基AAOT黄(diarylideAAOT Yellow)、喹吖啶酮(quinacridone)、偶氮(azo)、若丹明(rhodamine)、苝系颜料(perylene pigment series);自Kanto化学制品公司的汉撒黄G(Hansa yellow G)颗粒,以及Fisher公司的碳灯黑(Carbon Lampblack)。优选的是亚微粒子尺寸。该微粒应具有可接受的光学特性,不应被介电溶剂膨胀或软化,并且应该是化学稳定的。在正常的工作条件下,所产生的悬浮物亦必须稳定且能抗沉淀、乳化或凝结。
该颜料微粒可以本身带有电荷,或可以使用电荷控制剂使之明显带电,或悬浮在介电溶剂中时获得电荷。适当的电荷控制剂是本技术领域所熟知的;它们可以是聚合或非聚合性质,也可以是离子化或非离子化的,包括离子表面活性剂,例如气溶胶邻联甲苯胺(Aerosol OT)、十二烷基苯磺酸钠、金属皂、聚丁烯琥珀酰亚胺、顺丁烯二酸酐共聚物、乙烯吡啶共聚物、乙烯吡咯烷酮共聚物(例如来自International Special Products的Ganex)、(甲基)丙烯酸共聚物、N,N-二甲基胺基乙基(甲基)丙烯酸乙酯(N,N-dimethylaminoethyl(meth)acrylate)共聚物。氟化表面活性剂在全氟化碳溶剂中作为电荷控制剂特别有用。这些包括了FC氟化表面活性剂,例如自3M公司的FC-170C、FC-171、FC-176、FC430、FC431和FC-740,以及Zonyl氟化表面活性剂,例如来自Dupont公司的Zonyl FSA、FSE、FSN、FSN-100、FSO、FSO-100、FSD和UR。
适当的带电颜料分散物可以通过任何已知的方法制造,包括研磨、碾磨、球磨、气流磨(microfluidizing)、以及超声波技术。例如,将细微粉末形式的颜料微粒添加到该悬浮溶剂中,所形成的混合物经球磨或研磨数小时,而将高度团聚的干颜料粉末粉碎成最初的微粒。虽然不是优选的方法,但是在球磨过程中,用于产生悬浮介质颜色的染料或颜料可以添加到该悬浮物中。
可通过使用适当的聚合物将该微粒微囊化,以消除颜料微粒的沉淀或乳化,使其比重与介电溶剂的比重一致。可用化学或物理方法完成颜料微粒的微囊化。典型的微囊化工艺包括界面聚合、原位聚合、相分离、凝聚、静电涂布、喷雾干燥、流化床涂布、以及溶剂蒸发。
就黑/白的电泳显示器而言,该悬浮物包含分散于黑色溶剂中的带电荷的白色二氧化钛(TiO2)微粒,或分散于一种介电溶剂中的带电荷黑色微粒。黑色染料或染料混合物可被用于产生溶剂的黑色,如Pylam Products公司(亚利桑那州)的Pylam Spirit黑和FastSpirit黑,Aldrich公司的苏丹黑B,BASF公司的Thermoplastic BlackX-70,或一种不可溶的黑色颜料如碳黑。对于其它有色悬浮物来说,有多种可能性。对于减色系统而言,带电荷的二氧化钛(TiO2)微粒可悬浮于蓝绿色、黄色、或品红色的介电溶剂中。该蓝绿色、黄色、或品红色可使用染料或颜料产生。对于加色系统而言,带电荷的二氧化钛微粒可悬浮于红色、绿色、或蓝色的介电溶剂中,其中该红色、绿色、或蓝色亦可使用染料或颜料产生。大多数的应用最好采用这种红色、绿色、或蓝色系统。
III.微型杯的密封
微型杯的密封可以通过多种方法完成。一种优选的方法是将包含有多官能团的丙烯酸酯、丙烯酸低聚物、和光引发剂的紫外光可固化组分分散在包含有带电荷颜料微粒和经染色的介电溶剂的电泳流体中。该紫外光可固化组分与该介电溶剂是不互溶的,且其比重低于该介电溶剂和颜料微粒。这两个组分(紫外光可固化组分和电泳流体)在一个径向混合器中充分地混合,并采用Myrad棒、凹印板、刮刀片、开槽涂布、或开缝涂布等精确的涂布机械装置,立即涂布到该微型杯上。多余的流体用刮刀或类似的装置刮除。少量的弱溶剂或者溶剂混合物例,如异丙醇、甲醇、或其他水性溶液溶剂可以用于清洗该微型杯的分隔壁顶表面上残留的电泳流体。挥发性的有机溶剂可以用于控制该电泳流体的粘性和覆盖性。然后将经过填充的微型杯烘干,且该紫外光可固化组分漂浮到该电泳流体的顶端。通过在该浮至表面的紫外光可固化层浮到顶端的期间或之后,将其固化,密封该微型杯。紫外光或可见光、红外线、及电子束等其它形式的辐射都可以用于将该微型杯固化并密封。此外,热或湿气也可以用于将该微型杯固化并密封,如果合适的话,可使用热或湿气固化组分。
优选介电溶剂组(真有理想的密度,且对丙烯酸酯单体和低聚物有理想的溶解度差别)是卤化碳氢化物及其衍生物。表面活性剂可用以改良该电泳流体和密封材料之间界面的粘性和润湿性。有用的表面活性剂包括3M公司的FC表面活性剂、DuPont公司的Zonyl氟化表面活性剂、氟化丙烯酸酯、氟化甲基丙烯酸酯、氟取代长链醇类、全氟取代的长链羧酸及其衍生物。
此外,如果这种密封前体物至少部分地与介电溶剂相容,则可将电泳流体及密封前体物依次涂布于微型杯。这样,可通过涂敷一层热固性前体物薄层(该前体物是辐射、热、湿气、或界面反应可固化的),并将其固化于经填充的微型杯表面,以完成密封过程。界面聚合后进行紫外光固化,对于密封过程极为有利。通过界面聚合形成一个薄的分隔层,使电泳层与外敷层之间的互相混合明显地得到抑制。接着通过后固化步骤完成密封,优选为紫外光辐射或其他光辐射。为进一步降低互混程度,最好外涂敷层的比重明显低于电泳流体的比重。可用挥发性有机溶剂调整涂层的粘度和厚度。当挥发性溶剂用于外涂敷层时,优选与该介电溶剂不相混溶的挥发性溶剂。这种二步涂敷方法,对所用染料至少部分地溶解于热固性前体物情形特别适用。
IV.单色电泳显示器的制备
通过图6所示的流程图说明此工艺。所有的微型杯都用同色组分的悬浮物填充。该工艺可以是连续的辊对辊工艺,包括下列步骤:
1.在一导电膜(61)上涂布一层非必选带有溶剂的热塑性或热固性前体物(60)。如果有溶剂,则该溶剂很容易挥发。
2.在高于该热塑性或热固性前体物层的玻璃化温度下,将该热塑性或热固性前体物层通过一预成形的凸模(62)进行模压。
3.将模具从热塑性或热固性前体物层脱模,优选在硬化的期间或之后。
4.将这样制成的微型杯(63)阵列用经染色的介电溶剂(64)填充,其中该介电溶剂包含有至少一种与该溶剂不相溶并具有比该溶剂和颜料微粒比重小的热固性前体物。
5.在该热固性前体物分离并在液相顶端形成一悬浮层的期间或之后,优选紫外光辐射(65),或者用热或湿气,将热固性前体物固化而密封该微型杯,这样形成装有分散在一经染色介电溶剂中的颜料悬浮物的密封电泳盒。
6.将预涂布有一胶层(67)的第二导电膜(66)层叠在经密封的电泳盒阵列上,其中该胶层(67)可以是压敏粘合剂、热熔粘合剂,热、湿气、或辐射固化粘合剂。
该如果该顶端导电层是透明的,则该层叠的粘合剂可以通过紫外光(68)等辐射透过该顶端导电膜而进行后固化。在该层叠步骤完成后,就可以切割为成品(69)。
上述的微型杯制备可以很容易地用另一种方法取代:对涂布有热固性前体物的导电膜进行图形曝光,然后用适当的溶剂将该未曝光区域去除。也可以通过在电泳流体表面直接涂布并固化一层热固性前体物组分来完成对微型杯的密封。
V.多色电泳显示器的制备
对于制造多色电泳显示器而言,需要附加的步骤以产生包含不同颜色悬浮物的微型杯。这些附加的步骤包括:(1)将一正性作用干膜光致抗蚀剂层叠在已制成的微型杯上,其中该光致抗蚀剂至少包含有一种可去除载体,例如Saint-Gobain公司(Worcester,MA)PET-4851,Shipley公司的酚醛正性光致抗蚀剂Microposit S1818,以及National Starch公司的Nacor72-8685和BF Goodrich公司的Carboset 515的混合物-一种碱性显影胶层;(2)通过将该光致抗蚀剂进行图形曝光,将可去除的载体膜去除,以及用例如Shipley公司的经稀释的Microposit 351显影剂将该正性光致抗蚀剂显影,选择性地开启一定数目的该微型杯;(3)用含有带电荷白色颜料(二氧化钛)微粒的电泳流体和该第一原色的染料或颜料填充该已经开启的微型杯;并且(4)按照制作单色显示器中的方法,将该经填充的微型杯密封。这些额外的步骤可以重复,以便制作第二和第三原色电泳流体填充的微型杯。
更特别地,多色电泳显示器可根据图7所示的步骤来制作。
1.在一导电膜(71)上涂布一层热固性前体物(70)。
2.在高于热塑性或热固性前体物层的玻璃化温度下,将该热塑性或热固性前体物层通过一预成形的凸模(图中未示出)进行模压。
3.将模具从热塑性或热固性前体物层脱模,优选是在通过冷却硬化,或通过辐射、热、或湿气进行交联硬化的期间或之后。
4.层叠一正性干膜光致抗蚀剂于所制成的微型杯(72)阵列上,其中该光致抗蚀剂层包含至少一胶层(73)、一正性光致抗蚀剂层(74)以及一可去的除塑料保护片(图中未示出)。
5.将该正性光致抗蚀剂用紫外光、可见光或其他辐射进行图形曝光(图7c),去除塑料保护片,在曝光区域显影并打开微型杯。步骤4及步骤5的目的是在一预定区域有选择地打开微型杯(图7d)。
6.用分散在介电溶剂中的带电荷白色颜料分散物(75)填充该打开的微型杯,其中该介电溶剂至少包含该第一原色的染料或颜料,以及与该溶剂不相溶并具有比该溶剂和颜料微粒比重低的热固性前体物(76)。
7.在该热固性前体物分离并形成一漂浮在该液相顶端的表面层期间或之后,通过将该热固性前体物固化(最好通过紫外光辐射,通过热或湿气的方法次之)把该微型杯密封,从而形成含有该第一原色的电泳流体的密封电泳盒(图7e)。
8.可以重复上述的步骤5至7,从而在不同区域产生包含有不同颜色电泳流体的明确定义的盒(图7e,7f与7g)。
9.将预涂布有一胶层(78)的一个预制图形的第二预透明导电膜(77)套准、层叠于密封的电泳盒阵列上,其中胶层(78)可以是压敏粘合剂,热熔粘合剂,热、湿气、或辐射固化粘合剂。
10.将该粘合剂固化。
以上方法中该微型杯的制作可以容易地用另一种方法取代:将涂布有一热固性前体物的导电膜进行图形曝光,然后用适当的溶剂将该未曝光区域去除。该微型杯的密封还可以通过在液相表面直接地涂布并固化热固性前体物材料来完成。
用本方法制造的显示器可以达到仅一张纸的厚度。该显示器的宽度可为涂布片的宽度(通常为3至90英寸)。该显示器的长度可为数英寸至数千英尺,取决于卷的大小。
实施例
以下所描述的实施例,是为便于本领域技术人员能够更清楚地了解并实施本发明,不应理解为是对本发明范围的限制,而仅仅是对本发明的说明和示范。
实施例1 利用微模压法的微型杯制备
表1中所示的组分是用一个3密耳(千分之一英寸)开口的镍铬鸟型(Nickel Chrome bird type)薄膜涂布器,将其涂布在MylarJ101/200上。使溶剂挥发,留下一层玻璃化温度低于室温的粘性薄膜。
表1:用于微模压的含有聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)的组分
编号 | 说明 | 成分 | 供货商 | 重量百分比 |
1 | 环氧丙烯酸酯 | Ebecryl 3605 | UCBChemicals | 7.35 |
2 | 单体 | Sartomer SR205 | Sartomer | 9.59 |
3 | 氨基甲酸乙酯丙烯酸酯 | Ebecryl 6700 | UCBChemicals | 4.87 |
4 | 聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯 | Elvacite 2051 | ICI | 9.11 |
5 | 光引发剂 | Darocur 1173 | Ciba | 1.45 |
6 | 阳离子光引发剂 | Cyracure UVI6976 | Union Carbide | 0.60 |
7 | 溶剂 | 丙酮 | Aldrich | 67.03 |
总数 | 100.00 |
用Colorado Spring,Photo Stencil公司的预成形模板作为该微模压用的凸模,用Henkel公司的Frekote 700-NC作为脱膜剂。然后,室温下用加压滚轮的模板对该经涂布的薄膜进行模压。接着用装有金属氟化物灯管(具有80毫瓦/平方厘米的强度,波长为365纳米)的Loctite Zeta 7410曝光装置,透过Mylar膜将涂布物进行紫外光固化约20分钟。然后将经模压的薄膜从模具中脱模,呈现明确定义的微型杯,通过光学轮廓测量和显微镜测量,该微型杯具有从60微米至120微米(200-400dpi(点/英寸))范围的横向尺寸,以及5微米至30微米范围的深度(图4a至图4c)。
实施例2
含有固态低聚物、单体和添加剂的组分如表2所示。该混合物的玻璃化温度也低于室温。如前例,该粘性涂层沉积在MylarJ101/200的顶端。模压可使用加热加压辊或层合机(laminator),在32℃和60℃进行。制得具有5至30微米深的明确定义的高分辨率微型杯(100至400dpi)。
表2:含有低聚物、单体、添加剂和溶剂的模压组分
编号 | 说明 | 成分 | 供货商 | 重量百分比 |
1 | 环氧丙烯酸酯 | Ebecryl 3903 | UCB Chemicals | 17.21 |
2 | 单体 | HDODA | UCB Chemicals | 8.61 |
3 | 氨基甲酸乙酯丙烯酸酯 | Ebecryl 4827 | UCB Chemicals | 2.87 |
4 | 光引发剂 | Irgacure 500 | Ciba | 1.43 |
5 | 增滑剂 | Ebecryl 1360 | UCB Chemicals | 1.60 |
6 | 溶剂 | 丙酮 | Aldrich | 68.26 |
总数 | 100.00 |
实施例3 介电溶剂中的颜料分散物的制备
聚苯乙烯(0.89克,Polysciences公司,分子量50,000)以及AOT(0.094克,American Cyanamide公司,琥珀酸二辛酯磺酸钠)溶解在17.77克的热二甲苯(Aldrich公司)中。添加Ti-Pure R-706(6.25克)到该溶液中,并在一研磨机中以200转/分钟(rpm)的速度研磨12小时以上。得到了低粘性、稳定的分散物。将油溶蓝N(0.25克,Aldrich)添加到该分散物中进行染色。然后将该悬浮物用一标准的电泳盒(包含有被一个24微米的间隔物所隔离的二块ITO导电板)测试。在80伏特下,可观察到高对比度的白色蓝色交替影像,该影像具有大约60赫兹的切换速率和8.5毫秒的浮现时间。
实施例4
重复实施例3的实验,不同之处是使用油溶红EGN(Oil RedEGN,Aldrich公司)和具有24微米间隔物的电泳盒。在60伏特下,可观察到高对比度的红色与白色交替影像,该影像具有大约60赫兹的切换速率和12毫秒的浮现时间。
实施例5
在溶液中用研磨机研磨Ti-Pure R-706(112克),其中该溶液包含有11.2克的顺丁烯二酸酐共聚物(Baker Hughes的X-5231)、24克的3,4-二氯三氟甲苯(3,4-dichlorobenzotrifluoride,自Aldrich)、以及24克的1,6-二氯己烷(也来自Aldrich)。相似地,12克的碳黑在100℃的溶液中研磨,该溶液含有1.2克的烷基化聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(alkylated polyvinylpyrrolidone)(自ISP的Ganex V216)、34克的3,4-二氯三氟甲苯、以及34克的1,6-二氯己烷(Aldrich)。然后,将这二种分散物均匀地混合并测试。在100伏特下,可观察到高对比度的黑色与白色交替影像,该影像具有最高10Hz的切换速率和约36毫秒的浮现时间。
实施例6 用一步法工艺密封微型杯
0.05毫升的含有占重量比1%的苯偶酰二甲基缩酮(benzildimethyl ketal,Sartomer公司的Esacure KB1)的1,6-己二醇二丙烯酸酯(HDDA,1,6-hexanediol diacrylate,来自Aldrich)紫外光可固化组分,分散在0.4毫升的介电溶液中,该介电溶液含有分散在FC-43(来自3M公司)中的占重量比0.5%的2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,9,9,10,10,10-氟代十九烷-1-癸醇(-nonadecafluoro-l-decanol)(Aldrich)。所产生的分散物立即填充在按实施例2制作的微型杯阵列中。多余的流体用刮刀刮除。该HDDA溶液发生相分离需要至少30秒,并用紫外光辐射(10毫瓦/平方厘米)进行固化约1分钟。在微型杯顶部可以观察到一坚硬清晰的薄层,并且该微型杯被密封。
实施例7 用二步法(涂布和紫外光固化)工艺密封微型杯
将实施例5中制备的电泳流体涂布在按实施例2方法制作的微型杯阵列上。将一个Norland光学粘合剂NOA 60(新泽西州NewBrunswick的Norland Products公司)薄层涂布在该经填充的微型杯上。任何多余的紫外光粘合剂要用Mylar膜薄刮片刮除,并用一片吸收纸清理。该经涂布的粘合剂立即在Loctite Zeta紫外光曝光装置下进行15分钟固化。该微型杯被完全密封,且看不到气泡。用Mitutoyo公司的厚度计测量的,该经固化的胶层厚度约为5至10微米。
实施例8 用二步法(涂布和湿气固化)工艺密封微型杯b
重复实施例7的实验,不同之处是用俄亥俄州哥伦布Elmer’sProducts公司的Instant Krazy胶替代该Norland粘合剂。涂布的粘合剂用空气中的湿气固化5分钟。该微型杯被完全地密封,看不到气泡。用Mitutoyo公司的厚度计测量,该经固化的胶层厚度约为5至10微米。
实施例9 用二步法(涂布和界面聚合)工艺密封微型杯
重复实施例8的实验,不同之处是用含有占重量0.3%的四乙撑五胺(Aldrich)的3,4-二氯三氟甲苯(3,4-dichlorobenzotrifluoride)溶液代替该电泳流体,用无水醚中的脂肪族聚异氰酸酯(来自Bayer公司的聚氨基甲酸酯类粘合剂N 3300)溶液代替该Instant Krazy胶。在涂布之后几乎可以立即观察到一个高度交联的薄膜。醚在室温下蒸发后,该介电溶液被完全地密封在微型杯中。没有观察到气泡。
虽然本发明已通过参考其特定具体实施例来说明,但是对于本领域技术人员来说,可以容易地对上述实施方案进行各种改变和等同置换而不偏离本发明的目的、精神、和范围。另外,可以有许多修改以适用于特别的情形、材料、组分、方法、方法步骤或步骤,而不脱离本发明的目的、精神、与范围。所有这类修改被认为在所附权利要求的范围内。
组件符号说明
10电极板
11电极板
12盒层
20凸模
2透明导电膜
22热塑性或热固性前体物层
23微型杯阵列
24腹板
30玻璃基板
31籽金属薄层
32光致抗蚀剂层
33镍钴合金
34光掩模
50光掩模
51辐射固化材料
52导电膜
53塑料基板
54深色的方块
55无遮挡的区域
56微型杯
60热固性前体物层
61导电膜
62凸模
63微型杯
64介电溶剂
65紫外光辐射
66第二导电膜
67胶层
68紫外光(UV)辐射
69切割
70热固性前体物
71导电膜
72微型杯
73胶层
74正性光致抗蚀剂
75颜料分散物
76热固性前体物
77透明导电膜
78胶层
Claims (10)
1.一种用于制造多色电泳显示器的方法,包括以下步骤:
a)制备微型杯;
b)将所述微型杯层叠一层正性光致抗蚀剂;
c)将所述的正性光致抗蚀剂进行图形曝光,在预定区域中有选择地打开微型杯;
d)将打开的微型杯用电泳流体填充,所述电泳流体包含分散于第一色的介电溶剂中的带电荷颜料微粒;
e)将经填充的所述微型杯密封;
f)在不同的区域中重复步骤c)至e),从而产生填充有不同颜色的电泳流体的微型杯组;以及
g)如果有,则去除残留的正性光致抗蚀剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述的微型杯的填充和密封是通过以下方式完成的:用含有热塑性或热固性前体物的电泳流体填充所述的微型杯,其中所述热塑性或热固性前体物的比重低于所述介电溶剂和带电荷颜料微粒的比重,硬化在所述电泳流体的顶部由所述热塑性或热固性前体物形成的漂浮层。
3.根据权利要求2所述的方法,其中其中所述的硬化是通过溶剂蒸发、界面反应、湿气、热、辐射、或者其结合的方法完成的。
4.根据权利要求2所述的方法,其中所述的热塑性或热固性前体物与所述的介电溶剂不互溶。
5.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述的密封是通过在所述的电泳流体上涂布包含热塑性或热固性前体物的组分,所述热塑性或热固性前体物的比重低于所述介电溶剂和带电荷颜料微粒的比重,并硬化所述热塑性或热固性前体物的组分完成的。
6.根据权利要求5所述的方法,其中所述的硬化是通过溶剂蒸发、界面反应、湿气、热、辐射、或者其结合的方法完成的。
7.根据权利要求5所述的方法,其中所述的热塑性或热固性前体物与所述的介电溶剂不互溶。
8.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述的微型杯是通过用凸模将一热塑性或热固性前体物层进行模压或者将一辐射固化材料层进行图形曝光再去除未曝光区域制备的。
9.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中一胶层被预先涂敷在所述正性光致抗蚀剂上并被层叠在所述微型杯上。
10.根据权利要求9所述的电泳显示器,其中使用显影剂将所述正性光致抗蚀剂显影。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US09/518,488 | 2000-03-03 | ||
US09/518,488 US6930818B1 (en) | 2000-03-03 | 2000-03-03 | Electrophoretic display and novel process for its manufacture |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CNB018002277A Division CN1174281C (zh) | 2000-03-03 | 2001-03-05 | 采用一种方法密封的电泳显示器及其制造方法 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN1818768A CN1818768A (zh) | 2006-08-16 |
CN100368922C true CN100368922C (zh) | 2008-02-13 |
Family
ID=24064141
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CNB2004100327522A Expired - Fee Related CN100368922C (zh) | 2000-03-03 | 2001-03-05 | 用于制造多色电泳显示器的方法 |
CNB018002277A Expired - Lifetime CN1174281C (zh) | 2000-03-03 | 2001-03-05 | 采用一种方法密封的电泳显示器及其制造方法 |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CNB018002277A Expired - Lifetime CN1174281C (zh) | 2000-03-03 | 2001-03-05 | 采用一种方法密封的电泳显示器及其制造方法 |
Country Status (13)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (4) | US6930818B1 (zh) |
EP (2) | EP1264210B1 (zh) |
JP (2) | JP3680996B2 (zh) |
KR (4) | KR100566417B1 (zh) |
CN (2) | CN100368922C (zh) |
AT (1) | ATE283499T1 (zh) |
AU (1) | AU2001240036A1 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2401564C (zh) |
DE (1) | DE60107396T2 (zh) |
HK (1) | HK1047477B (zh) |
MX (1) | MXPA02008517A (zh) |
TW (1) | TWI238917B (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2001067170A1 (zh) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN104204930A (zh) * | 2012-02-14 | 2014-12-10 | 电子墨水加利福尼亚有限责任公司 | 用于电泳显示器的微杯设计 |
Families Citing this family (360)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE69636960C5 (de) * | 1996-07-19 | 2015-07-30 | E-Ink Corp. | Elektronisch adressierbare mikroverkapselte Tinte |
US7075502B1 (en) | 1998-04-10 | 2006-07-11 | E Ink Corporation | Full color reflective display with multichromatic sub-pixels |
JP4651193B2 (ja) | 1998-05-12 | 2011-03-16 | イー インク コーポレイション | ドローイングデバイス用途のためのマイクロカプセル化した電気泳動性の静電的にアドレスした媒体 |
US6930818B1 (en) * | 2000-03-03 | 2005-08-16 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Electrophoretic display and novel process for its manufacture |
US6933098B2 (en) | 2000-01-11 | 2005-08-23 | Sipix Imaging Inc. | Process for roll-to-roll manufacture of a display by synchronized photolithographic exposure on a substrate web |
US6829078B2 (en) * | 2000-03-03 | 2004-12-07 | Sipix Imaging Inc. | Electrophoretic display and novel process for its manufacture |
US6885495B2 (en) * | 2000-03-03 | 2005-04-26 | Sipix Imaging Inc. | Electrophoretic display with in-plane switching |
US6972893B2 (en) | 2001-06-11 | 2005-12-06 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Process for imagewise opening and filling color display components and color displays manufactured thereof |
US20070237962A1 (en) * | 2000-03-03 | 2007-10-11 | Rong-Chang Liang | Semi-finished display panels |
US7576904B2 (en) * | 2000-03-03 | 2009-08-18 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Electro-magnetophoresis display |
US7158282B2 (en) * | 2000-03-03 | 2007-01-02 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Electrophoretic display and novel process for its manufacture |
US7557981B2 (en) * | 2000-03-03 | 2009-07-07 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Electrophoretic display and process for its manufacture |
US6545797B2 (en) | 2001-06-11 | 2003-04-08 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Process for imagewise opening and filling color display components and color displays manufactured thereof |
US7142351B2 (en) * | 2000-03-03 | 2006-11-28 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Electro-magnetophoresis display |
US7233429B2 (en) * | 2000-03-03 | 2007-06-19 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Electrophoretic display |
US7052571B2 (en) * | 2000-03-03 | 2006-05-30 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Electrophoretic display and process for its manufacture |
US6831770B2 (en) * | 2000-03-03 | 2004-12-14 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Electrophoretic display and novel process for its manufacture |
US7715088B2 (en) * | 2000-03-03 | 2010-05-11 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Electrophoretic display |
US7715087B2 (en) | 2000-03-03 | 2010-05-11 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Segment electrophoretic displays and methods for their manufacture |
NL1015841C2 (nl) * | 2000-07-31 | 2002-02-01 | Zetfolie B V | Een systeem voor beeldvorming alsmede een inrichting en werkwijze om dit systeem te regelen. |
US6795138B2 (en) * | 2001-01-11 | 2004-09-21 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Transmissive or reflective liquid crystal display and novel process for its manufacture |
US8282762B2 (en) * | 2001-01-11 | 2012-10-09 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Transmissive or reflective liquid crystal display and process for its manufacture |
US7471369B2 (en) * | 2001-01-11 | 2008-12-30 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Transmissive or reflective liquid crystal display and process for its manufacture |
TW556044B (en) | 2001-02-15 | 2003-10-01 | Sipix Imaging Inc | Process for roll-to-roll manufacture of a display by synchronized photolithographic exposure on a substrate web |
US7604706B2 (en) * | 2001-03-30 | 2009-10-20 | Minolta Co., Ltd. | Method for producing resin-molded substrate and method for producing reversible image display medium |
US7230750B2 (en) * | 2001-05-15 | 2007-06-12 | E Ink Corporation | Electrophoretic media and processes for the production thereof |
US6753067B2 (en) * | 2001-04-23 | 2004-06-22 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Microcup compositions having improved flexure resistance and release properties |
US8361356B2 (en) * | 2001-06-04 | 2013-01-29 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Composition and process for the sealing of microcups in roll-to-roll display manufacturing |
US20020188053A1 (en) | 2001-06-04 | 2002-12-12 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Composition and process for the sealing of microcups in roll-to-roll display manufacturing |
US7205355B2 (en) | 2001-06-04 | 2007-04-17 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Composition and process for the manufacture of an improved electrophoretic display |
US7385751B2 (en) | 2001-06-11 | 2008-06-10 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Process for imagewise opening and filling color display components and color displays manufactured thereof |
US6788452B2 (en) | 2001-06-11 | 2004-09-07 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Process for manufacture of improved color displays |
TW527529B (en) * | 2001-07-27 | 2003-04-11 | Sipix Imaging Inc | An improved electrophoretic display with color filters |
JP4155553B2 (ja) * | 2001-08-01 | 2008-09-24 | キヤノン株式会社 | 表示素子及びその製造方法 |
TW550529B (en) | 2001-08-17 | 2003-09-01 | Sipix Imaging Inc | An improved electrophoretic display with dual-mode switching |
US7492505B2 (en) | 2001-08-17 | 2009-02-17 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Electrophoretic display with dual mode switching |
US7038670B2 (en) * | 2002-08-16 | 2006-05-02 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Electrophoretic display with dual mode switching |
TW539928B (en) | 2001-08-20 | 2003-07-01 | Sipix Imaging Inc | An improved transflective electrophoretic display |
TW573204B (en) | 2001-09-12 | 2004-01-21 | Sipix Imaging Inc | An improved electrophoretic display with gating electrodes |
TWI229763B (en) | 2001-10-29 | 2005-03-21 | Sipix Imaging Inc | An improved electrophoretic display with holding electrodes |
TWI250894B (en) * | 2002-01-03 | 2006-03-11 | Sipix Imaging Inc | Functionalized halogenated polymers for microencapsulation |
TWI229776B (en) | 2002-01-03 | 2005-03-21 | Sipix Imaging Inc | A novel electrophoretic dispersion with a fluorinated solvent and a charge controlling agent |
US7123238B2 (en) * | 2002-01-16 | 2006-10-17 | Xerox Corporation | Spacer layer for electrophoretic display device |
US6529313B1 (en) * | 2002-01-16 | 2003-03-04 | Xerox Corporation | Electrophoretic displays, display fluids for use therein, and methods of displaying images |
US6525866B1 (en) * | 2002-01-16 | 2003-02-25 | Xerox Corporation | Electrophoretic displays, display fluids for use therein, and methods of displaying images |
US7382514B2 (en) * | 2002-02-11 | 2008-06-03 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Core-shell particles for electrophoretic display |
US6885146B2 (en) | 2002-03-14 | 2005-04-26 | Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. | Display device comprising substrates, contrast medium and barrier layers between contrast medium and each of substrates |
TW578121B (en) | 2002-03-21 | 2004-03-01 | Sipix Imaging Inc | Magnetophoretic and electromagnetophoretic display |
US7113323B2 (en) | 2002-03-21 | 2006-09-26 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Magnetophoretic and electromagnetophoretic displays |
US7580180B2 (en) | 2002-03-21 | 2009-08-25 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Magnetophoretic and electromagnetophoretic displays |
CN1209674C (zh) | 2002-04-23 | 2005-07-06 | 希毕克斯影像有限公司 | 电磁泳显示器 |
TWI223729B (en) * | 2002-04-23 | 2004-11-11 | Sipix Imaging Inc | Improved segment electrophoretic displays and methods for their manufacture |
US8002948B2 (en) * | 2002-04-24 | 2011-08-23 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Process for forming a patterned thin film structure on a substrate |
US7307778B2 (en) | 2002-04-24 | 2007-12-11 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Compositions and processes for format-flexible, roll-to-roll manufacturing of electrophoretic displays |
TW574538B (en) * | 2002-04-24 | 2004-02-01 | Sipix Imaging Inc | Compositions and processes for format flexible roll-to-roll manufacturing of electrophoretic displays |
US7261920B2 (en) * | 2002-04-24 | 2007-08-28 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Process for forming a patterned thin film structure on a substrate |
US7156945B2 (en) | 2002-04-24 | 2007-01-02 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Process for forming a patterned thin film structure for in-mold decoration |
US7972472B2 (en) * | 2002-04-24 | 2011-07-05 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Process for forming a patterned thin film structure for in-mold decoration |
TWI240842B (en) * | 2002-04-24 | 2005-10-01 | Sipix Imaging Inc | Matrix driven electrophoretic display with multilayer back plane |
TWI268813B (en) * | 2002-04-24 | 2006-12-21 | Sipix Imaging Inc | Process for forming a patterned thin film conductive structure on a substrate |
TWI310098B (en) * | 2002-05-03 | 2009-05-21 | Sipix Imaging Inc | Methods of surface modification for improving electrophoretic display performance |
TWI329662B (en) | 2002-05-17 | 2010-09-01 | Sipix Imaging Inc | Novel fluorinated silicon (iv) phthalocyanines and naphthalocyanines for electrophoretic, magnetophoretic or electromagnetophoretic display |
TW583497B (en) * | 2002-05-29 | 2004-04-11 | Sipix Imaging Inc | Electrode and connecting designs for roll-to-roll format flexible display manufacturing |
EP1389487B1 (en) | 2002-07-16 | 2006-05-03 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Microcapsule composition for electrophoretic displays |
US20060255322A1 (en) * | 2002-07-17 | 2006-11-16 | Wu Zarng-Arh G | Methods and compositions for improved electrophoretic display performance |
TWI314237B (en) * | 2002-07-17 | 2009-09-01 | Sipix Imaging Inc | Novel methods and compositions for improved electrophoretic display performance |
US8547628B2 (en) | 2002-07-17 | 2013-10-01 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Methods and compositions for improved electrophoretic display performance |
US7347957B2 (en) * | 2003-07-10 | 2008-03-25 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Methods and compositions for improved electrophoretic display performance |
WO2004017135A2 (en) * | 2002-08-06 | 2004-02-26 | E Ink Corporation | Protection of electro-optic displays against thermal effects |
US7038656B2 (en) | 2002-08-16 | 2006-05-02 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Electrophoretic display with dual-mode switching |
US7271947B2 (en) | 2002-08-16 | 2007-09-18 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Electrophoretic display with dual-mode switching |
JP4337439B2 (ja) | 2002-08-22 | 2009-09-30 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | 電気泳動装置、電子機器 |
US7166182B2 (en) * | 2002-09-04 | 2007-01-23 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Adhesive and sealing layers for electrophoretic displays |
TW575646B (en) * | 2002-09-04 | 2004-02-11 | Sipix Imaging Inc | Novel adhesive and sealing layers for electrophoretic displays |
TWI300157B (en) * | 2002-09-10 | 2008-08-21 | Sipix Imaging Inc | Electrochromic or electrodeposition display and process for their preparation |
TWI328711B (en) * | 2002-09-18 | 2010-08-11 | Sipix Imaging Inc | Electrophoretic display with improved temperature latitude and switching performance |
TWI327251B (en) * | 2002-09-23 | 2010-07-11 | Sipix Imaging Inc | Electrophoretic displays with improved high temperature performance |
US7616374B2 (en) * | 2002-09-23 | 2009-11-10 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Electrophoretic displays with improved high temperature performance |
TWI293715B (en) * | 2002-10-10 | 2008-02-21 | Sipix Imaging Inc | A method for inducing or enhancing the threshold of an electrophoretic display, an electrophoretic fluid and an electrophoretic display |
US20130063333A1 (en) | 2002-10-16 | 2013-03-14 | E Ink Corporation | Electrophoretic displays |
US7245417B2 (en) * | 2002-10-21 | 2007-07-17 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Process for producing display device |
JP3927897B2 (ja) * | 2002-10-21 | 2007-06-13 | キヤノン株式会社 | 表示素子の製造方法 |
TWI229230B (en) * | 2002-10-31 | 2005-03-11 | Sipix Imaging Inc | An improved electrophoretic display and novel process for its manufacture |
US8023071B2 (en) * | 2002-11-25 | 2011-09-20 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Transmissive or reflective liquid crystal display |
TWI297089B (en) | 2002-11-25 | 2008-05-21 | Sipix Imaging Inc | A composition for the preparation of microcups used in a liquid crystal display, a liquid crystal display comprising two or more layers of microcup array and process for its manufacture |
US6831771B2 (en) | 2003-01-08 | 2004-12-14 | Sipix Imaging Inc. | Electronic whiteboard using electrophoretic display |
WO2004066023A1 (en) * | 2003-01-17 | 2004-08-05 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Electrophoretic display |
TWI230832B (en) * | 2003-01-24 | 2005-04-11 | Sipix Imaging Inc | Novel adhesive and sealing layers for electrophoretic displays |
US7572491B2 (en) * | 2003-01-24 | 2009-08-11 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Adhesive and sealing layers for electrophoretic displays |
US9346987B2 (en) * | 2003-01-24 | 2016-05-24 | E Ink California, Llc | Adhesive and sealing layers for electrophoretic displays |
TWI337679B (en) | 2003-02-04 | 2011-02-21 | Sipix Imaging Inc | Novel compositions and assembly process for liquid crystal display |
TWI228632B (en) * | 2003-02-06 | 2005-03-01 | Sipix Imaging Inc | Improved electrophoretic display with a bi-modal particle system |
WO2005002305A2 (en) * | 2003-06-06 | 2005-01-06 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | In mold manufacture of an object with embedded display panel |
JP2007535416A (ja) * | 2003-06-06 | 2007-12-06 | シピックス・イメージング・インコーポレーテッド | 埋込ディスプレイパネルを有する物品のインモールド製造 |
US20070091061A1 (en) * | 2003-06-13 | 2007-04-26 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Electrophoretic display device and method for manufacturing such a device |
US7390901B2 (en) * | 2003-08-08 | 2008-06-24 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Fluorinated dyes or colorants and their uses |
EP1666965A4 (en) * | 2003-09-12 | 2006-11-08 | Bridgestone Corp | METHOD FOR PRODUCING IMAGE DISPLAY PANEL AND DISPLAY PANEL THEREFOR |
US8514168B2 (en) * | 2003-10-07 | 2013-08-20 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Electrophoretic display with thermal control |
US7061662B2 (en) * | 2003-10-07 | 2006-06-13 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Electrophoretic display with thermal control |
US7177066B2 (en) | 2003-10-24 | 2007-02-13 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Electrophoretic display driving scheme |
US7572394B2 (en) | 2003-11-04 | 2009-08-11 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Electrophoretic dispersions |
US7277218B2 (en) | 2003-11-04 | 2007-10-02 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Electrophoretic compositions |
US8257614B2 (en) | 2003-11-04 | 2012-09-04 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Electrophoretic dispersions |
US20110164301A1 (en) | 2003-11-05 | 2011-07-07 | E Ink Corporation | Electro-optic displays, and materials for use therein |
US8177942B2 (en) * | 2003-11-05 | 2012-05-15 | E Ink Corporation | Electro-optic displays, and materials for use therein |
US8928562B2 (en) * | 2003-11-25 | 2015-01-06 | E Ink Corporation | Electro-optic displays, and methods for driving same |
US7279064B2 (en) | 2003-12-18 | 2007-10-09 | Palo Alto Research Center, Incorporated | Method of sealing an array of cell microstructures using microencapsulated adhesive |
CN100350323C (zh) * | 2003-12-29 | 2007-11-21 | 漳立冰 | 柔性超薄电泳显示屏及其制备方法 |
US7504050B2 (en) * | 2004-02-23 | 2009-03-17 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Modification of electrical properties of display cells for improving electrophoretic display performance |
KR101120751B1 (ko) | 2004-04-08 | 2012-03-23 | 삼성 엘씨디 네덜란드 알앤디 센터 비.브이. | 디스플레이 디바이스 |
US7470386B2 (en) | 2004-04-26 | 2008-12-30 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Roll-to-roll embossing tools and processes |
US8625188B2 (en) * | 2004-05-12 | 2014-01-07 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Process for the manufacture of electrophoretic displays |
US7374634B2 (en) * | 2004-05-12 | 2008-05-20 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Process for the manufacture of electrophoretic displays |
US20070222909A1 (en) * | 2004-05-28 | 2007-09-27 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics, N.V. | Flexible Flat Panel Displays |
WO2006013250A1 (fr) * | 2004-07-02 | 2006-02-09 | Essilor International | Procede de realisation d'un element optique transparent composant optique intervenant dans ce procede et element optique ainsi obtenu |
US7301693B2 (en) * | 2004-08-13 | 2007-11-27 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Direct drive display with a multi-layer backplane and process for its manufacture |
KR100616132B1 (ko) | 2004-08-24 | 2006-08-28 | 재단법인 전라남도신소재산업진흥재단 | 전기영동 디스플레이 장치용 격벽구조 및 그 구조를이용한 전기영동 디스플레이 장치 |
US8643595B2 (en) * | 2004-10-25 | 2014-02-04 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Electrophoretic display driving approaches |
US7304780B2 (en) * | 2004-12-17 | 2007-12-04 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Backplane design for display panels and processes for their manufacture |
US7463409B2 (en) * | 2004-12-20 | 2008-12-09 | Palo Alto Research Center Incorporated | Flexible electrophoretic-type display |
US20060146232A1 (en) * | 2004-12-31 | 2006-07-06 | Chi-Chang Liao | Passive matrix display and manufacture method |
DE102005004156A1 (de) * | 2005-01-28 | 2006-08-10 | Siemens Ag | Elektrophoretische Displayfolie |
US8576162B2 (en) * | 2005-03-14 | 2013-11-05 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Manufacturing processes of backplane for segment displays |
GB2425611B (en) | 2005-03-29 | 2010-03-24 | Hewlett Packard Development Co | Reflective colour display device |
US7821700B2 (en) * | 2005-03-31 | 2010-10-26 | Mark W Miles | Dynamic motile medium |
US8159636B2 (en) * | 2005-04-08 | 2012-04-17 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Reflective displays and processes for their manufacture |
US8802214B2 (en) | 2005-06-13 | 2014-08-12 | Trillion Science, Inc. | Non-random array anisotropic conductive film (ACF) and manufacturing processes |
US20060280912A1 (en) * | 2005-06-13 | 2006-12-14 | Rong-Chang Liang | Non-random array anisotropic conductive film (ACF) and manufacturing processes |
US7248411B2 (en) * | 2005-06-24 | 2007-07-24 | Industrial Technology Research Institute | Optical film with array of microstructures and the light source apparatus utilizing the same |
FR2888948B1 (fr) * | 2005-07-20 | 2007-10-12 | Essilor Int | Composant optique transparent pixellise comprenant un revetement absorbant, son procede de realisation et son utilisation dans un element optique |
FR2888947B1 (fr) | 2005-07-20 | 2007-10-12 | Essilor Int | Composant optique a cellules |
FR2888950B1 (fr) * | 2005-07-20 | 2007-10-12 | Essilor Int | Composant optique transparent pixellise a parois absordantes son procede de fabrication et son utilisation dans la farication d'un element optique transparent |
KR100686870B1 (ko) * | 2005-09-07 | 2007-02-26 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | 오프셋 인쇄법을 이용한 전자종이 표시소자의 제조방법 |
US7880958B2 (en) * | 2005-09-23 | 2011-02-01 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Display cell structure and electrode protecting layer compositions |
US8441432B2 (en) * | 2005-09-23 | 2013-05-14 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Display cell structure and electrode protecting layer compositions |
US7408699B2 (en) * | 2005-09-28 | 2008-08-05 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Electrophoretic display and methods of addressing such display |
JP4586711B2 (ja) * | 2005-11-09 | 2010-11-24 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | 電気泳動表示シートの製造方法および電気泳動表示装置の製造方法 |
JP5194355B2 (ja) * | 2005-11-25 | 2013-05-08 | 富士ゼロックス株式会社 | 表示媒体及び表示方法 |
JP2007147829A (ja) * | 2005-11-25 | 2007-06-14 | Brother Ind Ltd | 電気泳動表示媒体における隔壁及び基板の製造方法、及び、電気泳動表示媒体 |
TWI271390B (en) * | 2005-12-13 | 2007-01-21 | Ind Tech Res Inst | Non-mask micro-flow etching process |
JP2007218990A (ja) * | 2006-02-14 | 2007-08-30 | Toppan Forms Co Ltd | 電気泳動ディスプレイシステム |
US7324264B2 (en) * | 2006-02-23 | 2008-01-29 | Eastman Kodak Company | Electro-optical modulating display and method of making the same |
US7746541B2 (en) * | 2006-03-13 | 2010-06-29 | Honeywell International Inc. | System and apparatus for an electrophoretic display |
US7982479B2 (en) * | 2006-04-07 | 2011-07-19 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Inspection methods for defects in electrophoretic display and related devices |
KR101298296B1 (ko) * | 2006-05-08 | 2013-08-20 | 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 | 평판표시장치의 제조 방법 |
US7280266B1 (en) * | 2006-05-19 | 2007-10-09 | Xerox Corporation | Electrophoretic display medium and device |
US20070268446A1 (en) * | 2006-05-22 | 2007-11-22 | Shie-Chang Jeng | Liquid crystal device and method for forming the same |
US7685967B2 (en) | 2006-05-23 | 2010-03-30 | Seed Resources, Llc | Feed cake assembly |
US7683606B2 (en) * | 2006-05-26 | 2010-03-23 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Flexible display testing and inspection |
JP2008008880A (ja) * | 2006-06-02 | 2008-01-17 | Sumitomo Bakelite Co Ltd | プラスチック製マイクロチップ、及びその製造方法、並びにそれを利用したバイオチップ又はマイクロ分析チップ |
CN100412677C (zh) * | 2006-06-12 | 2008-08-20 | 天津大学 | 微格法电泳显示器的制备方法 |
US20150005720A1 (en) | 2006-07-18 | 2015-01-01 | E Ink California, Llc | Electrophoretic display |
TWI491953B (zh) * | 2006-07-18 | 2015-07-11 | Sipix Imaging Inc | 電泳顯示器 |
US8830561B2 (en) | 2006-07-18 | 2014-09-09 | E Ink California, Llc | Electrophoretic display |
US7307779B1 (en) | 2006-09-21 | 2007-12-11 | Honeywell International, Inc. | Transmissive E-paper display |
US8623191B2 (en) * | 2006-09-22 | 2014-01-07 | Honeywell International Inc. | Non-volatile addressable electronic paper with gray level capability |
US7923488B2 (en) * | 2006-10-16 | 2011-04-12 | Trillion Science, Inc. | Epoxy compositions |
DE102006052606B4 (de) * | 2006-11-08 | 2008-09-18 | Leonhard Kurz Gmbh & Co. Kg | Verfahren zur Herstellung von PDLCDs |
US7675672B2 (en) * | 2006-11-09 | 2010-03-09 | Honeywell International Inc. | Non-volatile addressable electronic paper for disposable flexible displays |
US7843623B2 (en) * | 2006-11-16 | 2010-11-30 | Honeywell International Inc. | Non volatile addressable electronic paper with color capability |
US7905977B2 (en) * | 2006-11-17 | 2011-03-15 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Post conversion methods for display devices |
FR2910642B1 (fr) * | 2006-12-26 | 2009-03-06 | Essilor Int | Composant optique transparent a deux ensembles de cellules |
US8011592B2 (en) * | 2007-01-19 | 2011-09-06 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Temperature management in an integrated circuit card with electrophoretic display |
JP4906539B2 (ja) * | 2007-03-02 | 2012-03-28 | 株式会社リコー | ハニカム構造物、ハニカム構造物の製造方法及び画像表示装置 |
JP5132168B2 (ja) | 2007-03-08 | 2013-01-30 | 株式会社リコー | 画像表示素子用構造体の製造方法及び製造装置、並びに電気泳動表示素子の製造方法及び製造装置 |
JP5157200B2 (ja) * | 2007-03-08 | 2013-03-06 | 株式会社リコー | ハニカム構造シートの製造方法及び表示パネルの製造方法 |
EP2074478B1 (en) * | 2007-03-08 | 2015-02-18 | Ricoh Company, Ltd. | Display element, image display device, and image display system |
US8274472B1 (en) | 2007-03-12 | 2012-09-25 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Driving methods for bistable displays |
JP2007179079A (ja) * | 2007-03-29 | 2007-07-12 | Hatsumeiya:Kk | 気泡シート型電子ペーパ |
KR100842170B1 (ko) * | 2007-04-23 | 2008-06-27 | 에스케이 텔레콤주식회사 | 컬러 전자종이 구현을 위한 입자의 어드레싱 방법 |
GB2448730A (en) * | 2007-04-25 | 2008-10-29 | Innos Ltd | Fabrication of Planar Electronic Circuit Devices |
US8243013B1 (en) | 2007-05-03 | 2012-08-14 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Driving bistable displays |
KR101415569B1 (ko) | 2007-05-14 | 2014-07-04 | 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 | 전기영동 유닛, 이를 구비한 표시 장치 및 그 제조 방법 |
JP5218959B2 (ja) * | 2007-06-01 | 2013-06-26 | 株式会社リコー | 電気泳動表示装置、表示方法、電気泳動表示素子の製造方法、及び電気泳動表示装置の製造方法 |
US20080303780A1 (en) | 2007-06-07 | 2008-12-11 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Driving methods and circuit for bi-stable displays |
DE102007029566B4 (de) | 2007-06-26 | 2012-12-13 | Bundesdruckerei Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer elektrophoretischen Anzeigevorrichtung, elektrophoretische Anzeigevorrichtung und Dokument |
US8743077B1 (en) | 2007-08-01 | 2014-06-03 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Front light system for reflective displays |
KR100929486B1 (ko) * | 2007-09-11 | 2009-12-02 | 에스케이씨하스디스플레이필름(유) | 디스플레이 장치용 광학소자 |
DE102007000881A1 (de) | 2007-11-12 | 2009-05-14 | Bundesdruckerei Gmbh | Dokument mit einer integrierten Anzeigevorrichtung, Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Dokuments und Lesegerät |
CN101441381B (zh) * | 2007-11-19 | 2010-08-04 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | 耐溶剂电子纸微杯的制法及制备耐溶剂电子纸微杯的材料 |
US7830592B1 (en) | 2007-11-30 | 2010-11-09 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Display devices having micro-reflectors |
US8237892B1 (en) | 2007-11-30 | 2012-08-07 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Display device with a brightness enhancement structure |
US20090153942A1 (en) | 2007-12-17 | 2009-06-18 | Palo Alto Research Center Incorporated | Particle display with jet-printed color filters and surface coatings |
DE102008003829A1 (de) * | 2008-01-10 | 2009-07-16 | Clariant International Ltd. | Verwendung von hydrophoben, lösungsmittelbasierenden Pigmentpräparationen in elektronischen Displays |
US8395836B2 (en) * | 2008-03-11 | 2013-03-12 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Luminance enhancement structure for reflective display devices |
US8462102B2 (en) * | 2008-04-25 | 2013-06-11 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Driving methods for bistable displays |
US8072675B2 (en) * | 2008-05-01 | 2011-12-06 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Color display devices |
US8456414B2 (en) * | 2008-08-01 | 2013-06-04 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Gamma adjustment with error diffusion for electrophoretic displays |
JP2010044385A (ja) * | 2008-08-11 | 2010-02-25 | Samsung Electro-Mechanics Co Ltd | 電子ペーパー表示素子及びその製造方法 |
US8159741B2 (en) * | 2008-08-22 | 2012-04-17 | Samsung Electro-Mechanics Co., Ltd. | Electronic paper display device and manufacturing method thereof |
US7982941B2 (en) * | 2008-09-02 | 2011-07-19 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Color display devices |
GB0817175D0 (en) * | 2008-09-19 | 2008-10-29 | Liquavista Bv | Improvements in relation to electrowetting elements |
JP5360675B2 (ja) * | 2008-10-10 | 2013-12-04 | 株式会社ニコン | 表示素子の製造方法、及び表示素子の製造装置 |
US9019318B2 (en) * | 2008-10-24 | 2015-04-28 | E Ink California, Llc | Driving methods for electrophoretic displays employing grey level waveforms |
US8558855B2 (en) * | 2008-10-24 | 2013-10-15 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Driving methods for electrophoretic displays |
US8154790B2 (en) * | 2008-10-28 | 2012-04-10 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Electrophoretic display structures |
US8441414B2 (en) * | 2008-12-05 | 2013-05-14 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Luminance enhancement structure with Moiré reducing design |
US8797258B2 (en) * | 2008-12-30 | 2014-08-05 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Highlight color display architecture using enhanced dark state |
US8503063B2 (en) * | 2008-12-30 | 2013-08-06 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Multicolor display architecture using enhanced dark state |
US20100177396A1 (en) * | 2009-01-13 | 2010-07-15 | Craig Lin | Asymmetrical luminance enhancement structure for reflective display devices |
US9025234B2 (en) * | 2009-01-22 | 2015-05-05 | E Ink California, Llc | Luminance enhancement structure with varying pitches |
US8717664B2 (en) | 2012-10-02 | 2014-05-06 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Color display device |
US8964282B2 (en) | 2012-10-02 | 2015-02-24 | E Ink California, Llc | Color display device |
US8120836B2 (en) * | 2009-03-09 | 2012-02-21 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Luminance enhancement structure for reflective display devices |
US8714780B2 (en) * | 2009-04-22 | 2014-05-06 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Display devices with grooved luminance enhancement film |
US8576259B2 (en) * | 2009-04-22 | 2013-11-05 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Partial update driving methods for electrophoretic displays |
US9460666B2 (en) * | 2009-05-11 | 2016-10-04 | E Ink California, Llc | Driving methods and waveforms for electrophoretic displays |
KR101067384B1 (ko) * | 2009-06-23 | 2011-09-23 | 동아대학교 산학협력단 | 진공합착에 의한 epd 소자의 제조방법 |
KR20090086192A (ko) | 2009-07-22 | 2009-08-11 | 주식회사 나노브릭 | 광결정성을 이용한 표시 방법 및 장치 |
US8797633B1 (en) | 2009-07-23 | 2014-08-05 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Display device assembly and manufacture thereof |
US8456589B1 (en) | 2009-07-27 | 2013-06-04 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Display device assembly |
JP2011048332A (ja) * | 2009-07-29 | 2011-03-10 | Seiko Epson Corp | 電気泳動表示体、電気泳動表示装置、及び電子機器 |
JP5471497B2 (ja) | 2009-07-30 | 2014-04-16 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | 電気泳動表示体、電気泳動表示装置および電子機器 |
US20110043543A1 (en) * | 2009-08-18 | 2011-02-24 | Hui Chen | Color tuning for electrophoretic display |
US20110063314A1 (en) * | 2009-09-15 | 2011-03-17 | Wen-Pin Chiu | Display controller system |
US9390661B2 (en) | 2009-09-15 | 2016-07-12 | E Ink California, Llc | Display controller system |
US8810525B2 (en) * | 2009-10-05 | 2014-08-19 | E Ink California, Llc | Electronic information displays |
KR101278349B1 (ko) * | 2009-11-12 | 2013-06-25 | 삼성전기주식회사 | 기판의 회로 검사장치 및 검사방법 |
TWI504692B (zh) | 2010-04-05 | 2015-10-21 | Sipix Imaging Inc | 用於電泳顯示器之顏料顆粒 |
US9030374B2 (en) | 2010-05-06 | 2015-05-12 | E Ink California, Llc | Composite display modules |
JP5502592B2 (ja) * | 2010-05-10 | 2014-05-28 | 東レエンジニアリング株式会社 | インプリント加工装置、インプリント加工方法およびインプリント加工物 |
KR101719158B1 (ko) * | 2010-07-22 | 2017-03-23 | 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 | 전기영동 표시장치 및 그 제조방법 |
JP5732987B2 (ja) | 2010-08-13 | 2015-06-10 | 富士ゼロックス株式会社 | 表示媒体の製造方法、表示媒体、及び表示装置 |
KR101209550B1 (ko) * | 2010-09-09 | 2012-12-07 | 주식회사 이미지앤머터리얼스 | 전기 영동 디스플레이 장치, 이미지 시트 및 이들의 제조 방법 |
JP5531877B2 (ja) | 2010-09-14 | 2014-06-25 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | 電気光学表示装置及びその製造方法 |
US8844128B2 (en) | 2010-09-24 | 2014-09-30 | Lg Display Co., Ltd. | Method for manufacturing electrophoretic display device |
KR101840777B1 (ko) | 2011-06-20 | 2018-03-21 | 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 | 전기영동 표시장치의 제조방법 |
KR101841708B1 (ko) | 2011-06-20 | 2018-03-23 | 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 | 전기영동 표시장치의 제조방법 |
CN103238091A (zh) | 2010-10-28 | 2013-08-07 | 榕树能量公司 | 用于聚集和照明系统的变向光学装置 |
US9428649B2 (en) | 2010-11-05 | 2016-08-30 | E Ink California, Llc | Electrophoretic dispersion |
JP5594069B2 (ja) | 2010-11-05 | 2014-09-24 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | 電気泳動表示装置及び電子機器 |
CN102540613A (zh) * | 2010-12-28 | 2012-07-04 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | 电泳显示器件的制造方法及制造设备 |
US10514583B2 (en) | 2011-01-31 | 2019-12-24 | E Ink California, Llc | Color electrophoretic display |
US9372380B2 (en) | 2011-02-03 | 2016-06-21 | E Ink California, Llc | Electrophoretic fluid |
TWI474095B (zh) | 2011-02-03 | 2015-02-21 | Sipix Imaging Inc | 電泳流體 |
US10025157B2 (en) | 2011-02-03 | 2018-07-17 | E Ink California, Llc | Electrophoretic fluid |
JP5609700B2 (ja) | 2011-02-17 | 2014-10-22 | ソニー株式会社 | 電気泳動素子および表示装置 |
JP5741122B2 (ja) | 2011-03-28 | 2015-07-01 | ソニー株式会社 | 電気泳動素子、表示装置および電子機器 |
US8961831B2 (en) | 2011-05-31 | 2015-02-24 | E Ink California, Llc | Silane-containing pigment particles for electrophoretic display |
US9382427B2 (en) | 2011-06-09 | 2016-07-05 | E Ink California, Llc | Silane-containing pigment particles for electrophoretic display |
JP2013045074A (ja) | 2011-08-26 | 2013-03-04 | Sony Corp | 電気泳動素子およびその製造方法、表示装置、表示基板ならびに電子機器 |
US8605354B2 (en) | 2011-09-02 | 2013-12-10 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Color display devices |
US9102851B2 (en) | 2011-09-15 | 2015-08-11 | Trillion Science, Inc. | Microcavity carrier belt and method of manufacture |
US9475963B2 (en) | 2011-09-15 | 2016-10-25 | Trillion Science, Inc. | Fixed array ACFs with multi-tier partially embedded particle morphology and their manufacturing processes |
US9423666B2 (en) | 2011-09-23 | 2016-08-23 | E Ink California, Llc | Additive for improving optical performance of an electrophoretic display |
US9778537B2 (en) | 2011-09-23 | 2017-10-03 | E Ink California, Llc | Additive particles for improving optical performance of an electrophoretic display |
US8902491B2 (en) | 2011-09-23 | 2014-12-02 | E Ink California, Llc | Additive for improving optical performance of an electrophoretic display |
TWI494679B (zh) | 2012-01-09 | 2015-08-01 | Sipix Imaging Inc | 電泳顯示流體 |
US9670367B2 (en) | 2012-01-27 | 2017-06-06 | E Ink California, Llc | Electrophoretic dispersion |
US9291872B1 (en) | 2012-02-07 | 2016-03-22 | E Ink California, Llc | Electrophoretic display design |
US9835926B2 (en) | 2012-03-21 | 2017-12-05 | E Ink California, Llc | Electrophoretic dispersion |
US9052564B2 (en) | 2012-03-21 | 2015-06-09 | E Ink California, Llc | Electrophoretic dispersion |
US10288975B2 (en) | 2012-03-21 | 2019-05-14 | E Ink California, Llc | Electrophoretic dispersion including charged pigment particles, uncharged additive nanoparticles, and uncharged neutral density particles |
JP5919967B2 (ja) | 2012-04-02 | 2016-05-18 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | 電気泳動表示装置及び電子機器 |
JP5915370B2 (ja) | 2012-05-16 | 2016-05-11 | ソニー株式会社 | 電気泳動素子、電気泳動表示装置、電子機器、及び、電気泳動素子の製造方法 |
US10401668B2 (en) | 2012-05-30 | 2019-09-03 | E Ink California, Llc | Display device with visually-distinguishable watermark area and non-watermark area |
EP2856460B1 (en) | 2012-05-30 | 2017-11-22 | E Ink California, LLC | Display device with watermark |
US9025238B2 (en) | 2012-06-20 | 2015-05-05 | E Ink California, Llc | Piezo electrophoretic display |
US9279906B2 (en) | 2012-08-31 | 2016-03-08 | E Ink California, Llc | Microstructure film |
US9360733B2 (en) | 2012-10-02 | 2016-06-07 | E Ink California, Llc | Color display device |
US11017705B2 (en) | 2012-10-02 | 2021-05-25 | E Ink California, Llc | Color display device including multiple pixels for driving three-particle electrophoretic media |
US9388307B2 (en) | 2012-11-27 | 2016-07-12 | E Ink California, Llc | Microcup compositions |
US9352539B2 (en) | 2013-03-12 | 2016-05-31 | Trillion Science, Inc. | Microcavity carrier with image enhancement for laser ablation |
US9557623B2 (en) | 2013-03-29 | 2017-01-31 | E Ink California, Llc | Electrophoretic display device |
JP2015018209A (ja) | 2013-04-12 | 2015-01-29 | 株式会社リコー | 記録媒体、画像記録装置、画像記録セット |
JP6388641B2 (ja) | 2013-04-18 | 2018-09-12 | イー・インク・カリフォルニア・リミテッド・ライアビリティ・カンパニーE Ink California,Llc | カラーディスプレイ装置 |
US9280029B2 (en) | 2013-05-13 | 2016-03-08 | Clearink Displays, Inc. | Registered reflective element for a brightness enhanced TIR display |
US9383623B2 (en) | 2013-05-17 | 2016-07-05 | E Ink California, Llc | Color display device |
US9459510B2 (en) | 2013-05-17 | 2016-10-04 | E Ink California, Llc | Color display device with color filters |
PL2997568T3 (pl) | 2013-05-17 | 2019-07-31 | E Ink California, Llc | Urządzenie kolorowego wyświetlacza |
US10203436B2 (en) | 2013-05-22 | 2019-02-12 | Clearink Displays, Inc. | Method and apparatus for improved color filter saturation |
EP3327498B1 (en) | 2013-07-08 | 2021-09-01 | Concord (Hk) International Education Limited | Tir-modulated wide viewing angle display |
US10705404B2 (en) | 2013-07-08 | 2020-07-07 | Concord (Hk) International Education Limited | TIR-modulated wide viewing angle display |
US9436058B2 (en) | 2013-09-09 | 2016-09-06 | E Ink California, Llc | Electrophoretic display film for anti-counterfeit application |
US9188829B2 (en) | 2013-09-09 | 2015-11-17 | E Ink California, Llc | Electrophoretic display film for anti-counterfeit application |
US9740075B2 (en) | 2013-09-10 | 2017-08-22 | Clearink Displays, Inc. | Method and system for perforated reflective film display device |
EP3049863B1 (en) | 2013-09-23 | 2019-03-20 | E Ink California, LLC | Display panel with pre-patterned images |
US10816868B2 (en) | 2013-09-23 | 2020-10-27 | E Ink California, Llc | Active molecule delivery system comprising microcells |
WO2015048679A1 (en) | 2013-09-30 | 2015-04-02 | Clearink Displays Llc | Method and apparatus for front-lit semi-retro-reflective display |
US10380931B2 (en) | 2013-10-07 | 2019-08-13 | E Ink California, Llc | Driving methods for color display device |
TWI550332B (zh) | 2013-10-07 | 2016-09-21 | 電子墨水加利福尼亞有限責任公司 | 用於彩色顯示裝置的驅動方法 |
US10726760B2 (en) | 2013-10-07 | 2020-07-28 | E Ink California, Llc | Driving methods to produce a mixed color state for an electrophoretic display |
TWI534520B (zh) | 2013-10-11 | 2016-05-21 | 電子墨水加利福尼亞有限責任公司 | 彩色顯示裝置 |
ES2793903T3 (es) | 2014-01-14 | 2020-11-17 | E Ink California Llc | Procedimiento de accionamiento de una capa de visualización en color |
WO2015127045A1 (en) | 2014-02-19 | 2015-08-27 | E Ink California, Llc | Color display device |
EP3111277B1 (en) | 2014-02-24 | 2019-04-10 | E Ink California, LLC | Electrophoretic display |
WO2015148398A1 (en) | 2014-03-25 | 2015-10-01 | E Ink California, Llc | Magnetophoretic display assembly and driving scheme |
JP6769868B2 (ja) | 2014-05-30 | 2020-10-14 | ソニー株式会社 | 携帯装着品及び通信システム |
TWI613498B (zh) | 2014-06-27 | 2018-02-01 | 電子墨水加利福尼亞有限責任公司 | 用於電泳顯示器的各向異性傳導介電層 |
CN106575067B (zh) | 2014-07-09 | 2019-11-19 | 伊英克加利福尼亚有限责任公司 | 彩色显示装置 |
US10891906B2 (en) | 2014-07-09 | 2021-01-12 | E Ink California, Llc | Color display device and driving methods therefor |
US9922603B2 (en) | 2014-07-09 | 2018-03-20 | E Ink California, Llc | Color display device and driving methods therefor |
US10380955B2 (en) | 2014-07-09 | 2019-08-13 | E Ink California, Llc | Color display device and driving methods therefor |
US9919553B2 (en) | 2014-09-02 | 2018-03-20 | E Ink California, Llc | Embossing tool and methods of preparation |
US9897890B2 (en) | 2014-10-07 | 2018-02-20 | Clearink Displays, Inc. | Reflective image display with threshold |
CN107111016B (zh) | 2014-10-08 | 2020-08-28 | 协和(香港)国际教育有限公司 | 滤色器对准反射式显示器 |
WO2016060959A1 (en) | 2014-10-17 | 2016-04-21 | E Ink California, Llc | Composition and process for sealing microcells |
WO2016068171A1 (ja) * | 2014-10-28 | 2016-05-06 | デクセリアルズ株式会社 | フィラー充填フィルム、枚葉フィルム、積層フィルム、貼合体、及びフィラー充填フィルムの製造方法 |
JP6967832B2 (ja) * | 2014-10-28 | 2021-11-17 | デクセリアルズ株式会社 | エンボスフィルム、枚葉フィルム、転写物、およびエンボスフィルムの製造方法 |
JP6756098B2 (ja) * | 2014-10-28 | 2020-09-16 | デクセリアルズ株式会社 | フィラー充填フィルム、枚葉フィルム、積層フィルム、貼合体、及びフィラー充填フィルムの製造方法 |
US9640119B2 (en) | 2014-11-17 | 2017-05-02 | E Ink California, Llc | Driving methods for color display devices |
US10147366B2 (en) | 2014-11-17 | 2018-12-04 | E Ink California, Llc | Methods for driving four particle electrophoretic display |
ES2946784T3 (es) | 2014-11-17 | 2023-07-26 | E Ink California Llc | Dispositivo de visualización en color |
EP3241043A4 (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2018-07-18 | Clearink Displays, Inc. | High refractive index composites for reflective displays |
JP2016170222A (ja) | 2015-03-11 | 2016-09-23 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | 電気泳動粒子、電気泳動粒子の製造方法、電気泳動分散液、電気泳動シート、電気泳動装置および電子機器 |
KR102049160B1 (ko) | 2015-04-06 | 2019-11-26 | 이 잉크 캘리포니아 엘엘씨 | 컬러 표시 디바이스를 위한 구동 방법 |
KR102073463B1 (ko) | 2015-05-11 | 2020-02-04 | 이 잉크 캘리포니아 엘엘씨 | 전기영동 디스플레이 유체 |
US10040954B2 (en) | 2015-05-28 | 2018-08-07 | E Ink California, Llc | Electrophoretic medium comprising a mixture of charge control agents |
JP6545828B2 (ja) | 2015-06-01 | 2019-07-17 | イー インク カリフォルニア, エルエルシー | カラーディスプレイデバイスおよびそのための駆動方法 |
TWI600960B (zh) | 2015-06-11 | 2017-10-01 | 伊英克加利福尼亞有限責任公司 | 複合彩色粒子 |
US10386691B2 (en) | 2015-06-24 | 2019-08-20 | CLEARink Display, Inc. | Method and apparatus for a dry particle totally internally reflective image display |
ES2859154T3 (es) | 2015-10-06 | 2021-10-01 | E Ink Corp | Medios electroforéticos de baja temperatura mejorados |
CN108139645A (zh) | 2015-10-12 | 2018-06-08 | 伊英克加利福尼亚有限责任公司 | 电泳显示装置 |
EP3368946B1 (en) | 2015-10-30 | 2021-08-25 | E Ink Corporation | Methods for sealing microcell containers with phenethylamine mixtures |
US10386547B2 (en) | 2015-12-06 | 2019-08-20 | Clearink Displays, Inc. | Textured high refractive index surface for reflective image displays |
US10261221B2 (en) | 2015-12-06 | 2019-04-16 | Clearink Displays, Inc. | Corner reflector reflective image display |
WO2017123595A1 (en) * | 2016-01-17 | 2017-07-20 | E Ink California, Llc | Polyhydroxy compositions for sealing electrophoretic displays |
US10061123B2 (en) | 2016-01-17 | 2018-08-28 | E Ink California, Llc | Surfactants for improving electrophoretic media performance |
WO2017123581A1 (en) | 2016-01-17 | 2017-07-20 | E Ink California, Llc | Branched polyol additives for electrophoretic media |
WO2018065603A1 (en) * | 2016-10-07 | 2018-04-12 | Jaguar Land Rover Limited | Display apparatus |
KR20180058951A (ko) | 2016-11-25 | 2018-06-04 | 동우 화인켐 주식회사 | 전기영동 디스플레이 제조방법 |
EP3571548A4 (en) | 2017-01-20 | 2019-12-04 | E Ink California, LLC | COLORED ORGANIC PIGMENTS AND ELECTROPHORETIC DISPLAY MEDIA THEREWITH |
ES2947325T3 (es) | 2017-02-15 | 2023-08-04 | E Ink California Llc | Aditivos poliméricos utilizados en medios de pantalla electroforética en color |
CN110383164B (zh) * | 2017-03-09 | 2023-05-02 | 伊英克加利福尼亚有限责任公司 | 用于电泳介质的光热诱导的聚合的抑制剂 |
CN110366747B (zh) | 2017-04-25 | 2022-10-18 | 伊英克加利福尼亚有限责任公司 | 用于彩色显示设备的驱动方法 |
US10802373B1 (en) | 2017-06-26 | 2020-10-13 | E Ink Corporation | Reflective microcells for electrophoretic displays and methods of making the same |
CN107357109B (zh) | 2017-08-21 | 2019-03-08 | 无锡威峰科技股份有限公司 | 一种电子墨水显示屏及制造方法 |
US10921676B2 (en) | 2017-08-30 | 2021-02-16 | E Ink Corporation | Electrophoretic medium |
CN107656408A (zh) | 2017-09-26 | 2018-02-02 | 无锡威峰科技股份有限公司 | 电子纸显示屏及其制造方法 |
US10698265B1 (en) | 2017-10-06 | 2020-06-30 | E Ink California, Llc | Quantum dot film |
EP3709972B1 (en) | 2017-11-14 | 2022-03-30 | E Ink California, LLC | Electrophoretic active delivery system including porous conductive electrode layer |
US11079651B2 (en) | 2017-12-15 | 2021-08-03 | E Ink Corporation | Multi-color electro-optic media |
KR20190090370A (ko) | 2018-01-19 | 2019-08-01 | 우시 비전 피크 테크놀로지 컴퍼니 리미티드 | 패턴 구조로 된 디스플레이 플라즈마 모듈과 그 제조방법 |
CN108227333A (zh) | 2018-01-19 | 2018-06-29 | 无锡威峰科技股份有限公司 | 一种显示电浆模组及其制造方法 |
WO2020018508A1 (en) | 2018-07-17 | 2020-01-23 | E Ink California, Llc | Electro-optic displays and driving methods |
US11314098B2 (en) * | 2018-08-10 | 2022-04-26 | E Ink California, Llc | Switchable light-collimating layer with reflector |
JP7175379B2 (ja) | 2018-08-10 | 2022-11-18 | イー インク カリフォルニア, エルエルシー | 双安定電気泳動流体を含む切り替え可能な光コリメート層のための駆動波形 |
US11397366B2 (en) | 2018-08-10 | 2022-07-26 | E Ink California, Llc | Switchable light-collimating layer including bistable electrophoretic fluid |
CN108957899B (zh) | 2018-09-25 | 2023-06-06 | 无锡威峰科技股份有限公司 | 一种双层微结构的显示电浆模组及其制造方法 |
CN113785245B (zh) | 2019-05-10 | 2024-04-23 | 伊英克公司 | 电荷控制剂和包含其的粒子分散体 |
CN114728155B (zh) | 2019-11-27 | 2024-04-26 | 伊英克公司 | 包括具有电蚀密封层的微单元的有益剂输送系统 |
CN111111571B (zh) * | 2019-12-31 | 2022-02-08 | 山东科技大学 | 防治煤炭自燃的微胶囊阻化剂泡沫凝胶材料及其制备方法 |
GB2593150A (en) | 2020-03-05 | 2021-09-22 | Vlyte Ltd | A light modulator having bonded structures embedded in its viewing area |
CN115175972A (zh) * | 2020-04-08 | 2022-10-11 | 伊英克加利福尼亚有限责任公司 | 量子点膜 |
US11868020B2 (en) | 2020-06-05 | 2024-01-09 | E Ink Corporation | Electrophoretic display device |
EP4162482A4 (en) | 2020-06-05 | 2024-07-03 | E Ink Corporation | Methods for achieving color states of lesser-charged particles in electrophoretic medium including at least four types of particles |
TWI779453B (zh) * | 2021-01-05 | 2022-10-01 | 元太科技工業股份有限公司 | 可撓式顯示面板 |
CN114724455A (zh) * | 2021-01-05 | 2022-07-08 | 元太科技工业股份有限公司 | 可挠式显示面板 |
CA3216219A1 (en) | 2021-04-29 | 2022-11-03 | E Ink Corporation | Disaggregation driving sequences for four particle electrophoretic displays |
AU2022283264B2 (en) | 2021-05-25 | 2024-08-15 | E Ink Corporation | Synchronized driving waveforms for four-particle electrophoretic displays |
MX2024002756A (es) | 2021-09-06 | 2024-03-27 | E Ink Corp | Metodo para manejar un dispositivo de visualizacion electroforetico. |
CN114333616B (zh) * | 2021-11-15 | 2023-11-10 | 合肥维信诺科技有限公司 | 显示面板、压合装置及显示面板的制备方法 |
US20230213790A1 (en) | 2022-01-04 | 2023-07-06 | E Ink Corporation | Electrophoretic media comprising electrophoretic particles and a combination of charge control agents |
US20230273495A1 (en) | 2022-02-28 | 2023-08-31 | E Ink California, Llc | Piezo-electrophoretic film including patterned piezo polarities for creating images via electrophoretic media |
EP4487666A1 (en) | 2022-02-28 | 2025-01-08 | E Ink Corporation | Piezoelectric film including ionic liquid and electrophoretic display film including the piezoelectric film |
CN118871854A (zh) | 2022-04-13 | 2024-10-29 | 伊英克公司 | 包括封装电泳介质的图案区域的显示材料 |
US20240078981A1 (en) | 2022-08-25 | 2024-03-07 | E Ink Corporation | Transitional driving modes for impulse balancing when switching between global color mode and direct update mode for electrophoretic displays |
US20240402562A1 (en) | 2023-06-05 | 2024-12-05 | E Ink Corporation | Color electrophoretic medium having four pigment particle system addressable by waveforms having four voltage levels |
WO2025006130A1 (en) | 2023-06-27 | 2025-01-02 | E Ink Corporation | Electrophoretic device with ambient light sensor and adaptive whiteness restoring and color balancing frontlight |
US20250028216A1 (en) | 2023-07-18 | 2025-01-23 | E Ink Corporation | Switchable electrophoretic light modulator having reduced aperture diffraction |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS59171930A (ja) * | 1983-03-18 | 1984-09-28 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 電気泳動表示素子 |
WO1999010767A1 (en) * | 1997-08-28 | 1999-03-04 | E-Ink Corporation | Electrophoretic displays and materials |
WO1999056171A1 (en) * | 1998-04-27 | 1999-11-04 | E-Ink Corporation | Shutter mode microencapsulated electrophoretic display |
Family Cites Families (117)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US573988A (en) | 1896-12-29 | Christopher w | ||
US527448A (en) | 1894-10-16 | Traveling-grate furnace | ||
CA234068A (en) | 1923-09-11 | Butler Obadiah | Splicing apparatus | |
US3229154A (en) * | 1962-06-04 | 1966-01-11 | Mcculloch Corp | Piezoelectrical ignition systems |
US3229607A (en) | 1963-03-19 | 1966-01-18 | Polaroid Corp | Photographic products, processes and apparatus |
US3892568A (en) | 1969-04-23 | 1975-07-01 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Electrophoretic image reproduction process |
US3612758A (en) | 1969-10-03 | 1971-10-12 | Xerox Corp | Color display device |
US3668106A (en) | 1970-04-09 | 1972-06-06 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Electrophoretic display device |
US3689346A (en) | 1970-09-29 | 1972-09-05 | Rowland Dev Corp | Method for producing retroreflective material |
US5398041A (en) | 1970-12-28 | 1995-03-14 | Hyatt; Gilbert P. | Colored liquid crystal display having cooling |
US5432526A (en) | 1970-12-28 | 1995-07-11 | Hyatt; Gilbert P. | Liquid crystal display having conductive cooling |
US3928671A (en) | 1973-11-12 | 1975-12-23 | Hughes Aircraft Co | Process for fabricating a solid state, thin film field sustained conductivity device |
US3892598A (en) * | 1974-01-07 | 1975-07-01 | Gen Electric | Cobalt-rare earth magnets comprising sintered products bonded with solid cobalt-rare earth bonding agents |
US4093534A (en) | 1974-02-12 | 1978-06-06 | Plessey Handel Und Investments Ag | Working fluids for electrophoretic image display devices |
US3908052A (en) | 1974-03-06 | 1975-09-23 | Minnesota Mining & Mfg | Liquid crystal display device and method of making |
US3885964A (en) | 1974-05-31 | 1975-05-27 | Du Pont | Photoimaging process using nitroso dimer |
US4071430A (en) | 1976-12-06 | 1978-01-31 | North American Philips Corporation | Electrophoretic image display having an improved switching time |
US4190352A (en) | 1977-06-30 | 1980-02-26 | Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated | Method and apparatus for continuously patterning a photosensitive tape |
US4285801A (en) | 1979-09-20 | 1981-08-25 | Xerox Corporation | Electrophoretic display composition |
JPS57104116A (en) | 1980-12-19 | 1982-06-29 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Electrochromic display body |
JPS5917930A (ja) | 1982-07-22 | 1984-01-30 | 佐々木 力 | 中空球形魚礁の製法 |
JPS5934518A (ja) | 1982-08-21 | 1984-02-24 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 電気泳動パネル |
JPS60205452A (ja) | 1984-03-30 | 1985-10-17 | Canon Inc | 露光方法 |
US4655897A (en) | 1984-11-13 | 1987-04-07 | Copytele, Inc. | Electrophoretic display panels and associated methods |
US4741604A (en) | 1985-02-01 | 1988-05-03 | Kornfeld Cary D | Electrode arrays for cellular displays |
US4741988A (en) * | 1985-05-08 | 1988-05-03 | U.S. Philips Corp. | Patterned polyimide film, a photosensitive polyamide acid derivative and an electrophoretic image-display cell |
JPH0652358B2 (ja) | 1985-10-28 | 1994-07-06 | 日本電信電話株式会社 | 表示装置 |
US4680103A (en) | 1986-01-24 | 1987-07-14 | Epid. Inc. | Positive particles in electrophoretic display device composition |
JP2669609B2 (ja) | 1986-03-03 | 1997-10-29 | 旭化成工業株式会社 | 液晶表示素子 |
US4891245A (en) | 1986-03-21 | 1990-01-02 | Koh-I-Noor Rapidograph, Inc. | Electrophoretic display particles and a process for their preparation |
JP2551783B2 (ja) | 1987-09-29 | 1996-11-06 | エヌオーケー株式会社 | 電気泳動表示装置 |
JP2612473B2 (ja) | 1988-05-28 | 1997-05-21 | エヌオーケー株式会社 | 電気泳動表示装置及びその製造法 |
US4924257A (en) | 1988-10-05 | 1990-05-08 | Kantilal Jain | Scan and repeat high resolution projection lithography system |
JP2733678B2 (ja) | 1989-02-25 | 1998-03-30 | エヌオーケー株式会社 | 電気泳動表示装置及びその製造法 |
JP2733680B2 (ja) | 1989-02-25 | 1998-03-30 | エヌオーケー株式会社 | 電気泳動表示装置及びその製造法 |
JP2777728B2 (ja) | 1989-04-26 | 1998-07-23 | エヌオーケー株式会社 | 電気泳動表示装置及びその製造法 |
JP2777729B2 (ja) | 1989-04-26 | 1998-07-23 | エヌオーケー株式会社 | 電気泳動表示装置及びその製造法 |
US5302235A (en) | 1989-05-01 | 1994-04-12 | Copytele, Inc. | Dual anode flat panel electrophoretic display apparatus |
JPH0354742A (ja) | 1989-07-21 | 1991-03-08 | Japan Synthetic Rubber Co Ltd | 光ディスク、その製造方法および読み取り方法 |
US5177476A (en) | 1989-11-24 | 1993-01-05 | Copytele, Inc. | Methods of fabricating dual anode, flat panel electrophoretic displays |
EP0464224B1 (en) | 1990-01-25 | 2000-10-11 | Dai Nippon Insatsu Kabushiki Kaisha | Method of and material for forming thick filmy pattern |
US5326865A (en) | 1990-06-08 | 1994-07-05 | Hercules Incorporated | Arylazo and poly(arylazo) dyes having at least one core radical selected from naphthyl or anthracyl and having at least one 2,3-dihydro-1,3-dialkyl perimidine substituent |
JPH04113386A (ja) | 1990-08-31 | 1992-04-14 | Hitachi Chem Co Ltd | 電気泳動表示装置 |
KR930005559B1 (ko) | 1991-06-14 | 1993-06-23 | 삼성전관 주식회사 | 평판 디스플레이 장치 |
JP2994750B2 (ja) | 1991-08-29 | 1999-12-27 | コピイテル,インコーポレイテッド | 内部メッシュ背景スクリーンを有する電気泳動表示パネル |
JP2933805B2 (ja) | 1992-09-30 | 1999-08-16 | シャープ株式会社 | 高分子分散型液晶複合膜および液晶表示素子並びにその製造方法 |
US5285236A (en) | 1992-09-30 | 1994-02-08 | Kanti Jain | Large-area, high-throughput, high-resolution projection imaging system |
US5279511A (en) | 1992-10-21 | 1994-01-18 | Copytele, Inc. | Method of filling an electrophoretic display |
JP3271025B2 (ja) | 1993-02-18 | 2002-04-02 | 大日本印刷株式会社 | 高分子分散型液晶表示装置及びその製造方法 |
CA2162874A1 (en) * | 1993-05-21 | 1994-12-08 | Wei-Hsin Hou | Methods of preparing electrophoretic dispersions containing two types of particles with different colors and opposite charges |
CN1112361A (zh) | 1993-06-08 | 1995-11-22 | 精工爱普生株式会社 | 凹凸图案复制用的模片与凹凸图案的复制方法 |
IT1264903B1 (it) | 1993-06-30 | 1996-10-17 | Sniaricerche S C P A | Cristalli liquidi metallo-organici in una matrice polimerica |
US5380362A (en) | 1993-07-16 | 1995-01-10 | Copytele, Inc. | Suspension for use in electrophoretic image display systems |
GB9320326D0 (en) | 1993-10-01 | 1993-11-17 | Ici Plc | Organic optical components and preparation thereof |
EP0649046B1 (en) | 1993-10-19 | 2001-07-11 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | A liquid crystal display device and a production method for the same |
US5480938A (en) | 1993-11-22 | 1996-01-02 | Xerox Corporation | Low surface energy material |
US5403518A (en) | 1993-12-02 | 1995-04-04 | Copytele, Inc. | Formulations for improved electrophoretic display suspensions and related methods |
US5699097A (en) * | 1994-04-22 | 1997-12-16 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Display medium and method for display therewith |
EP0760872A4 (en) | 1994-05-26 | 1997-12-10 | Copytele Inc | FLUORINATED DIELECTRIC SUSPENSIONS FOR ELECTROPHORETIC IMAGE DISPLAY AND METHOD |
US6120946A (en) | 1994-10-17 | 2000-09-19 | Corning Incorporated | Method for printing a color filter |
US5745094A (en) | 1994-12-28 | 1998-04-28 | International Business Machines Corporation | Electrophoretic display |
JP2001507441A (ja) | 1995-06-08 | 2001-06-05 | ビジブル ジェネティクス インコーポレイテッド | 核酸および他の荷電された分子を移動させそして分離するための微小電気泳動チップ |
JP3059360B2 (ja) | 1995-06-28 | 2000-07-04 | シャープ株式会社 | 液晶パネルの製造方法および製造用プレス装置 |
US6124851A (en) | 1995-07-20 | 2000-09-26 | E Ink Corporation | Electronic book with multiple page displays |
US6017584A (en) | 1995-07-20 | 2000-01-25 | E Ink Corporation | Multi-color electrophoretic displays and materials for making the same |
US6120839A (en) * | 1995-07-20 | 2000-09-19 | E Ink Corporation | Electro-osmotic displays and materials for making the same |
US6120588A (en) | 1996-07-19 | 2000-09-19 | E Ink Corporation | Electronically addressable microencapsulated ink and display thereof |
US5652645A (en) | 1995-07-24 | 1997-07-29 | Anvik Corporation | High-throughput, high-resolution, projection patterning system for large, flexible, roll-fed, electronic-module substrates |
JP3358935B2 (ja) | 1995-10-02 | 2002-12-24 | シャープ株式会社 | 液晶表示素子およびその製造方法 |
US6037058A (en) | 1995-10-12 | 2000-03-14 | Rohms And Haas Company | Particles and droplets containing liquid domains and method for forming in an acueous medium |
US5835174A (en) | 1995-10-12 | 1998-11-10 | Rohm And Haas Company | Droplets and particles containing liquid crystal and films and apparatus containing the same |
JPH09304757A (ja) | 1996-03-11 | 1997-11-28 | Sharp Corp | 液晶表示素子及びその製造方法 |
US5930026A (en) | 1996-10-25 | 1999-07-27 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Nonemissive displays and piezoelectric power supplies therefor |
US5942154A (en) | 1996-10-28 | 1999-08-24 | Samsung Display Devices Co., Ltd. | Liquid crystal display device and manufacturing method thereof |
GB2321718A (en) | 1997-01-31 | 1998-08-05 | Nat Science Council | LIquid crystal display |
US5961804A (en) | 1997-03-18 | 1999-10-05 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Microencapsulated electrophoretic display |
US5818625A (en) * | 1997-04-02 | 1998-10-06 | Gentex Corporation | Electrochromic rearview mirror incorporating a third surface metal reflector |
US5877848A (en) | 1997-04-02 | 1999-03-02 | Macdermid Imaging Technology, Incorporated | Continuous production of cross-linked resin relief images for printing plates |
JP2002504240A (ja) | 1997-06-12 | 2002-02-05 | ゼットフォリエ ビー.ブイ. | その表面に対し垂直な一方向の導電性をもつ基板を含む装置、及び該装置を製造する方法 |
US5967871A (en) | 1997-07-24 | 1999-10-19 | Photonics Systems, Inc. | Method for making back glass substrate for plasma display panel |
US6166797A (en) | 1997-08-08 | 2000-12-26 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Diffusion barrier layers with microstructured spacing members for liquid crystal display panel substrates |
US6018383A (en) | 1997-08-20 | 2000-01-25 | Anvik Corporation | Very large area patterning system for flexible substrates |
US6067185A (en) | 1997-08-28 | 2000-05-23 | E Ink Corporation | Process for creating an encapsulated electrophoretic display |
JP3654483B2 (ja) | 1997-10-09 | 2005-06-02 | 富士写真フイルム株式会社 | 液晶表示装置の製造方法 |
DE69820223T2 (de) | 1997-10-15 | 2004-09-16 | Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd., Sakai | Verfahren zur herstellung von monodispersen polymeren, verfahren zur kontinuierlichen polymerisation von cyclischen monomeren und daraus hergestellte polymere |
US5914806A (en) | 1998-02-11 | 1999-06-22 | International Business Machines Corporation | Stable electrophoretic particles for displays |
EP1065553A4 (en) | 1998-03-19 | 2005-03-09 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | BODY CONSISTING OF RESIN AND LIQUID CRYSTALS, LIQUID CRYSTAL DEVICE, LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY HAVING THE SAME, AND METHODS OF MANUFACTURE |
WO1999047969A1 (fr) | 1998-03-19 | 1999-09-23 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Dispositif d'affichage a cristaux liquides et son procede de production |
CA2321131C (en) | 1998-04-10 | 2008-04-08 | E Ink Corporation | Full color reflective display with multichromatic sub-pixels |
US6239896B1 (en) * | 1998-06-01 | 2001-05-29 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Electrophotographic display device and driving method therefor |
US6319381B1 (en) | 1998-06-11 | 2001-11-20 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Methods of forming a face plate assembly of a color display |
ATE349722T1 (de) | 1998-07-08 | 2007-01-15 | E Ink Corp | Verbesserte farbige mikroverkapselte elektrophoretische anzeige |
JP2000035677A (ja) | 1998-07-17 | 2000-02-02 | Adtec Engineeng:Kk | 露光装置 |
JP2000075497A (ja) | 1998-08-26 | 2000-03-14 | Adtec Engineeng Co Ltd | 露光装置 |
US6184856B1 (en) * | 1998-09-16 | 2001-02-06 | International Business Machines Corporation | Transmissive electrophoretic display with laterally adjacent color cells |
TW498179B (en) * | 1998-11-13 | 2002-08-11 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Light control element, optical device, and electrical device, and method of producing thereof |
EP1138079A1 (en) | 1998-12-11 | 2001-10-04 | Zetfolie B.V. | Method for producing a substrate with undirectional conductivity and display device using such a substrate in an anisotropic contact layer |
US6312304B1 (en) | 1998-12-15 | 2001-11-06 | E Ink Corporation | Assembly of microencapsulated electronic displays |
US6514328B1 (en) | 1999-02-05 | 2003-02-04 | Ricoh Company, Ltd. | Marking ink composition and display medium using the same |
US6327072B1 (en) | 1999-04-06 | 2001-12-04 | E Ink Corporation | Microcell electrophoretic displays |
US6524153B1 (en) | 1999-05-14 | 2003-02-25 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Process for producing display device |
JP2001056653A (ja) | 1999-06-11 | 2001-02-27 | Ricoh Co Ltd | 電気泳動表示用表示液、表示粒子及び、それらを利用した表示媒体、表示装置、表示方法、表示カード、記録シート、ディスプレイ、可逆表示型看板 |
DE19927359A1 (de) | 1999-06-16 | 2000-12-21 | Creavis Tech & Innovation Gmbh | Elektrophoretische Displays aus lichtstreuenden Trägermaterialien |
DE60045738D1 (de) | 1999-07-01 | 2011-04-28 | E Ink Corp | Elektrophoretisches medium versehen mit abstandselementen |
US20020019652A1 (en) | 1999-07-08 | 2002-02-14 | Cyclotec Advanced Medical Technologies | Two part tens bandage |
JP2001042118A (ja) | 1999-08-02 | 2001-02-16 | Canon Inc | カラーフィルタとその連続製造方法、該カラーフィルタを用いた液晶素子 |
US6337761B1 (en) | 1999-10-01 | 2002-01-08 | Lucent Technologies Inc. | Electrophoretic display and method of making the same |
US6930818B1 (en) * | 2000-03-03 | 2005-08-16 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Electrophoretic display and novel process for its manufacture |
US6933098B2 (en) | 2000-01-11 | 2005-08-23 | Sipix Imaging Inc. | Process for roll-to-roll manufacture of a display by synchronized photolithographic exposure on a substrate web |
EP1259853A2 (en) | 2000-03-02 | 2002-11-27 | Chad Byron Moore | Reflective electro-optic fiber-based displays |
US6788449B2 (en) * | 2000-03-03 | 2004-09-07 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Electrophoretic display and novel process for its manufacture |
US6545797B2 (en) | 2001-06-11 | 2003-04-08 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Process for imagewise opening and filling color display components and color displays manufactured thereof |
JP4006925B2 (ja) | 2000-05-30 | 2007-11-14 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | 電気泳動表示装置の製造方法 |
US6750844B2 (en) | 2000-06-14 | 2004-06-15 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Electrophoretic display device and process for production thereof |
TW538265B (en) | 2000-10-04 | 2003-06-21 | Seiko Epson Corp | Electrophoretic device and method of manufacturing it |
US6795138B2 (en) | 2001-01-11 | 2004-09-21 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Transmissive or reflective liquid crystal display and novel process for its manufacture |
US20020188053A1 (en) | 2001-06-04 | 2002-12-12 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Composition and process for the sealing of microcups in roll-to-roll display manufacturing |
-
2000
- 2000-03-03 US US09/518,488 patent/US6930818B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2001
- 2001-03-02 TW TW090104838A patent/TWI238917B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-03-05 AT AT01914676T patent/ATE283499T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-03-05 AU AU2001240036A patent/AU2001240036A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-03-05 KR KR1020027011387A patent/KR100566417B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2001-03-05 CN CNB2004100327522A patent/CN100368922C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-03-05 CA CA002401564A patent/CA2401564C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-03-05 WO PCT/US2001/006917 patent/WO2001067170A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2001-03-05 DE DE60107396T patent/DE60107396T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-03-05 MX MXPA02008517A patent/MXPA02008517A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2001-03-05 EP EP01914676A patent/EP1264210B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-03-05 EP EP04025496A patent/EP1500970A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2001-03-05 JP JP2001566087A patent/JP3680996B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-03-05 CN CNB018002277A patent/CN1174281C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2002
- 2002-02-28 US US10/087,527 patent/US6859302B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-09-06 US US10/237,522 patent/US6751008B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-12-12 HK HK02109031.0A patent/HK1047477B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2003
- 2003-03-26 KR KR1020030018885A patent/KR100572547B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2003-03-26 KR KR1020030018883A patent/KR100561897B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2003-03-26 KR KR1020030018882A patent/KR100641611B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-04-17 JP JP2003113086A patent/JP5204942B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-05-23 US US10/444,760 patent/US6867898B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS59171930A (ja) * | 1983-03-18 | 1984-09-28 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 電気泳動表示素子 |
WO1999010767A1 (en) * | 1997-08-28 | 1999-03-04 | E-Ink Corporation | Electrophoretic displays and materials |
WO1999056171A1 (en) * | 1998-04-27 | 1999-11-04 | E-Ink Corporation | Shutter mode microencapsulated electrophoretic display |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN104204930A (zh) * | 2012-02-14 | 2014-12-10 | 电子墨水加利福尼亚有限责任公司 | 用于电泳显示器的微杯设计 |
CN104204930B (zh) * | 2012-02-14 | 2017-12-19 | 伊英克加利福尼亚有限责任公司 | 用于电泳显示器的微杯设计 |
Also Published As
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN100368922C (zh) | 用于制造多色电泳显示器的方法 | |
CN100388113C (zh) | 电泳显示器及其制造方法 | |
TWI308231B (en) | Electrophoretic display | |
TW527529B (en) | An improved electrophoretic display with color filters | |
CN1226664C (zh) | 一种改进的电泳显示器及其制造方法 | |
TW567349B (en) | Manufacturing process for electrophoretic display | |
TW552485B (en) | An improved electrophoretic display with in-plane switching | |
US6865012B2 (en) | Electrophoretic display and novel process for its manufacture | |
JP2005500572A (ja) | 半透過型電気泳動表示装置 | |
US7233429B2 (en) | Electrophoretic display | |
JP2004536344A5 (zh) |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
C06 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20080213 |