CN109824315B - Formula and preparation method of environment-friendly mortar for wall surface - Google Patents
Formula and preparation method of environment-friendly mortar for wall surface Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of plaster, and discloses an environment-friendly plaster formula for wall surfaces, which comprises 10-25% of special cement, 15-30% of redispersible polymer powder, 1-15% of straws, 45-60% of quartz sand and 0.1-5% of dry powder auxiliary agent in percentage by weight. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the formula of the environment-friendly plaster for the wall surface, which comprises the steps of recovering crop tailings, crushing the crop tailings into a certain size, adding crop fragments or powder into the formula based on the raw material proportion, adjusting the proportion of special cement and other raw material auxiliaries, and finally, fully and uniformly mixing the raw materials and adding water to prepare a finished product. The formula of the invention is based on the existing decorative plaster, and the straw is added, so that the advantages of environmental protection, durability and the like of the traditional decorative plaster are ensured, and meanwhile, the adhesive force, the fire resistance and the water resistance of the decorative plaster are improved by adding crop tailings such as the straw and the like into the dry powder-shaped decorative plaster, the performance of the decorative plaster is improved, and the recycling of the straw is also facilitated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of plaster, and particularly relates to a formula of environment-friendly plaster for a wall surface and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Decorative plaster refers to plaster used as a finishing of buildings. It is a surface decoration which can be used for finishing surface and obtaining special decorative surface form by various processing treatments so as to meet the aesthetic requirements. Decorative plasters have been widely used in interior and exterior wall decorations of buildings in developed countries instead of paints and tiles. The color decorative plaster is prepared by using polymer material as main additive, high-quality mineral aggregate, filler and natural mineral pigment. However, the existing decorative plaster has the problems of large-area color difference in the using process and low adhesion, imitation activity and waterproof performance of the material. The existing decorative plaster has 3 to 5 times of the manufacturing cost of common paint, high manufacturing cost and overhigh use cost, so that the popularization and the application of the material are hindered.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a formula of environment-friendly plaster for wall surfaces and a preparation method thereof.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
an environment-friendly mortar formula for wall surfaces comprises, by weight, 10-25% of special cement, 15-30% of redispersible polymer powder, 1-15% of straws, 45-60% of quartz sand and 0.1-5% of dry powder auxiliaries.
Special cement means a cement variety having some unique properties, suitable for a specific use, or capable of exerting a specific function and imparting a specific function to a building, including special cement and special cement, as compared with general cement used in general civil engineering and construction. Such as expansive cement with expansion characteristics, oil well cement specially used for cementing oil and gas wells, and the like. The special cement can be roughly divided into quick-hardening cement, low-heat and medium-heat cement, oil well cement, expansion cement, refractory cement, white cement and radiation-proof cement.
The redispersible polymer powder as an additive can significantly improve various properties of cement-based materials, such as cohesion, impermeability, etc., and thus is widely used in building materials. It belongs to a water-dispersible polymer and is generally prepared from a polymer emulsion by means of spray drying. An important characteristic of redispersible polymer powders is that they are redispersible on water and that the dispersion has properties substantially identical to those of the initial emulsion. Compared to conventional polymer emulsion modified cement materials, dry construction powders formulated using redispersible polymer powders as core additives have many advantages: the performance difference caused by the fact that the ratio of liquid materials to powder materials is not easy to accurately master in use can be avoided; secondly, the construction is simple and convenient, and when in use, the water is added according to a certain proportion and is stirred uniformly; and the building dry powder is convenient to package and transport and easy to store, so that the problem difficult to overcome in the application of the polymer emulsion modified cement material is effectively solved.
The quartz sand is quartz particles formed by crushing and processing quartz stones. Quartz is a non-metallic mineral, a silicate mineral that is hard, wear resistant, and chemically stable. The color of the quartz sand is milky white or colorless and semitransparent, and the Mohs hardness is 7. Quartz is commonly used for preparing refractory materials, ferrosilicon smelting, metallurgical flux, ceramics, grinding materials, casting and the like, and is used for preparing acid-resistant concrete and acid-resistant mortar by utilizing the strong acid-resistant medium etching capability of the quartz in buildings. The main component of the quartz sand is silicon dioxide, and the silicon dioxide serving as a core raw material of the silicon raw material plays an irreplaceable important basic role in the production and supply of the silicon raw material. The unique physical and chemical optical characteristics of the material make IT play an increasingly important role in many high-tech products, such as computer chips, optical fibers, resonators in the electronics industry, novel electric light sources, high-insulation sealing materials, aerospace instruments, military technical products, special optical glass, chemical analysis instruments and the like, which are core technical products in the IT industry, all of which can not depart from the basic raw materials. The quartz stone with beautiful crystal and shape can be used as glasses and noble handicraft, and the piezoelectric property of quartz crystal can be used for making frequency stabilizer and quartz filter in radio wire industry. Can be used for making various lenses, reflectors, spectral tubes, light guide tubes, prisms, polarizers and the like in optical instruments. In the chemical industry, quartz is used in acid and temperature resistant instruments and vessels; in the electrical industry, quartz is often used as an excellent insulating material; quartz is also a good raw material in the glass, enamel and refractory brick manufacturing industries; the outstanding properties of fused quartz also make it widely used in the metallurgical, food, pharmaceutical and paper industries. The quartz stones (sand) at the outlet are mostly used in the metallurgy and refractory material industries. Quartz sand is an important industrial mineral raw material and a non-chemical hazardous article, and is widely used in the industries of glass, casting, ceramics and fireproof materials, ferrosilicon smelting, metallurgical flux, metallurgy, building, chemical engineering, plastics, rubber, grinding materials, filter materials and the like.
The dry powder additive is used for improving the inherent hard brittleness of the decorative plaster, improving the cracking resistance, leakage resistance, hollowing reduction, bonding force increase and the like of the plaster, ensuring the quality of the plaster, simultaneously improving the workability of the plaster, leading the product to be easy to scrape, improving the water retention, sagging resistance and constructability, leading the plaster to be more suitable for mechanized construction, having the advantages of less addition amount and high cost performance, and being particularly suitable for special dry powder plasters, such as bonding plaster in an external thermal insulation system of an expanded polystyrene board thin plastered outer wall, protective plaster, polyphenyl particle thermal insulation plaster, inorganic thermal insulation plaster, cement self-leveling plaster and the like.
The straw is a general term of stem leaf (ear) part of mature crops. Typically refers to the remainder of the wheat, rice, corn, potatoes, oilseed rape, cotton, sugar cane and other crops (typically roughages) after harvesting the seed. More than half of the products of crop photosynthesis exist in the straws, and the straws are rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, organic matters and the like, are multipurpose renewable biological resources, and are also coarse feed. It features high coarse fibre content (30-40%), and lignin content. Although the lignocellulose cannot be utilized by pigs and chickens, the lignocellulose can be absorbed and utilized by livestock such as ruminants, cattle and sheep. The straw is a high-efficiency and long-term raw material for light industry, textile and building materials, can partially replace materials such as bricks, wood and the like, and can effectively protect farmland and forest resources. The heat insulation, decoration and durability of the straw wallboard are superior, and the straw board is widely applied to the building industry as a substitute of wood boards and ceramic tiles in many developed countries. In addition, the straw processed by the technical method can also be used for manufacturing rayon and cotton, producing furfural, maltose, wine and xylitol, processing fiber boards and the like.
The formula of the invention is based on the existing decorative plaster, and the straw is added, so that the advantages of environmental protection, durability and the like of the traditional decorative plaster are ensured, meanwhile, the adhesive force, the fire resistance and the water resistance of the decorative plaster are improved by adding crop tailings such as the straw and the like into the dry powder decorative plaster, the performance of the decorative plaster is improved, meanwhile, the straw recycling is facilitated, and the secondary utilization of resources is facilitated. The formula of the invention reduces the manufacturing cost by adjusting the proportion of the raw materials and the components of the plaster formula on the premise of ensuring the original advantages of the decorative plaster, reduces the dosage of the finished product in the using process and reduces the using cost.
Furthermore, the environment-friendly mortar formula for the wall surface also comprises mineral pigments, and the environment-friendly mortar formula for the wall surface comprises, by weight, 10-25% of special cement, 15-30% of redispersible polymer powder, 1-10% of straws, 45-55% of quartz sand, 0.1-5% of dry powder auxiliaries and 1-5% of mineral pigments.
Mineral pigments are inorganic pigments, and belong to the category of inorganic colored pigments, and the sources of the mineral pigments mainly include two types: one kind is prepared with natural ore and through mineral separation, crushing, grinding, grading and refining, and is used mainly for painting, handicraft, antiquing, cultural relic repair, etc. Another source of inorganic pigments is chemically synthesized pigments made from natural mineral products through a series of chemical treatments.
The addition of mineral pigment to the mortar formula makes it possible to use it as color decorative mortar, which is widely used in interior and exterior wall decoration of buildings in developed countries to replace paint and ceramic tile. The color decorative plaster has the advantages of good flexibility, suitability for shapes of circles, cylinders and arcs, customized shape, size and color according to user requirements, primitive and simple color, strong decoration, simple construction, good durability, strong cohesive force with a substrate, ventilation, shrinkage resistance, no toxicity, no odor, green and environment-friendly building materials and the like. During construction, templates and tools with different patterns are selected, and different methods such as dragging, rolling, scraping, twisting, pressing, kneading and the like are implemented, so that the wall surface is changed into various patterns such as embossing, corrugation, wood grain and the like, the artistic expression is strong, and the wall surface can be perfectly fused with the natural environment, the building style and the historical landscape.
Furthermore, the environment-friendly mortar formula for the wall surface also comprises metal alloy pigment, and the environment-friendly mortar formula for the wall surface comprises, by weight, 10-25% of special cement, 15-30% of redispersible polymer powder, 1-10% of straw, 45-55% of quartz sand, 0.1-5% of dry powder additive and 1-5% of metal alloy pigment. Metallic alloy pigments are pigments produced by finely grinding particles or flakes of a metallic alloy, have a metallic luster, and are widely used in the coating industry as decorative paints.
Further, the special cement is white cement.
White cement is a white Portland cement, which is called white Portland cement for short, and is prepared by burning raw materials with proper components until part of the raw materials are melted, adding proper amount of gypsum into clinker with low iron content, and grinding. When the cement is ground, limestone with the weight not more than 5 percent of the cement is allowed to be added. White cement is mostly decorative and its manufacturing process is much better than ordinary cement. The white cement is characterized by high whiteness and bright color, is generally used as various building decorative materials, typically whitewash, sculpture, ground, terrazzo products and the like, can also be used for manufacturing white and colored concrete members, and is a decorative cement variety with the largest production scale.
Further, the dry powder auxiliary agent comprises 23-47% of fatty alcohol, 34-69% of polycarboxylate, 20-23% of polyacrylonitrile fiber, 2.3-6.5% of acrylic block copolymer and 1.15-1.96% of nano silicon dioxide powder by weight percentage.
The dry powder additive is beneficial to improving the inherent hard brittleness defect of the plaster, improving the crack resistance, leakage resistance, hollowing reduction, bonding force increase and the like of the plaster, simultaneously improving the workability of the plaster, enabling the product to be easily coated and scraped, improving the water retention property, sagging resistance and workability, enabling the plaster to be more suitable for mechanized construction, having the advantages of small addition amount and high cost performance, and being particularly suitable for special dry powder plasters, such as bonding plaster in an external thermal insulation system of an expanded polystyrene board thin-plastered external wall, protecting plaster, polyphenyl particle thermal insulation plaster, inorganic thermal insulation plaster, cement self-leveling plaster and the like.
Further, the straw powder with 60-100 meshes is obtained; the particle size of the redispersible polymer powder is 120-200 meshes; the particle size of the quartz sand is 40-80 meshes.
The preparation method of the environment-friendly plaster formula for the wall surface comprises the following specific steps:
s1, straw pretreatment: recovering the straws, and placing the straws in a place with sufficient illumination and ventilation for airing until the straws are dry;
s2, straw crushing: adding the dried straws into a blender to obtain straw powder;
s3, weighing raw materials: weighing corresponding raw materials according to a formula;
s4, mixing raw materials: adding all the raw materials into a stirrer and stirring to obtain a mixed raw material;
s5, preparing a finished product: adding water into the prepared mixed raw materials, and stirring to obtain a finished product.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the formula of the invention is based on the existing decorative plaster, and the straw is added, so that the advantages of environmental protection, durability and the like of the traditional decorative plaster are ensured, meanwhile, the adhesive force, the fire resistance and the water resistance of the decorative plaster are improved by adding crop tailings such as the straw and the like into the dry powder decorative plaster, the performance of the decorative plaster is improved, meanwhile, the straw recycling is facilitated, and the secondary utilization of resources is facilitated.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated below with reference to specific examples.
Example 1:
the embodiment provides a formula of environment-friendly mortar for wall surfaces, which comprises, by weight, 10-25% of special cement, 15-30% of redispersible polymer powder, 1-15% of straws, 45-60% of quartz sand and 0.1-5% of dry powder auxiliary agent.
The preparation method of the environment-friendly plaster formula for the wall surface provided by the embodiment comprises the following specific steps:
s1, straw pretreatment: recovering the straws, and placing the straws in a place with sufficient illumination and ventilation for airing until the straws are dried to obtain dried straws;
s2, straw crushing: adding the dried straws into a blender to obtain straw powder of 80 meshes;
s3, weighing raw materials: weighing 10-25% of special cement, 15-30% of redispersible polymer powder, 1-15% of straw, 45-60% of quartz sand and 0.1-5% of dry powder auxiliary agent according to the formula;
s4, mixing raw materials: adding the raw materials weighed in the step S3 into a stirrer for stirring for 30min to obtain mixed raw materials;
s5, preparing a finished product: adding water into the prepared mixed raw materials, and stirring to obtain a finished product.
Example 2:
the embodiment provides a formula of environment-friendly plaster for wall surfaces, which comprises 13% of special cement, 28% of redispersible polymer powder, 10% of straw, 45% of quartz sand and 4% of dry powder additive.
Example 3:
the embodiment provides a formula of environment-friendly mortar for wall surfaces, which comprises 10% of special cement, 20% of redispersible polymer powder, 13% of straws, 55% of quartz sand and 2% of dry powder auxiliary agent in percentage by weight.
Example 4:
the embodiment provides a formula of environment-friendly mortar for wall surfaces, which comprises 25% of special cement, 15% of redispersible polymer powder, 7% of straw, 52% of quartz sand and 1% of dry powder additive in percentage by weight.
Example 5:
the embodiment provides a formula of environment-friendly mortar for wall surfaces, which comprises, by weight, 10-25% of special cement, 15-30% of redispersible polymer powder, 1-10% of straw, 45-55% of quartz sand, 0.1-5% of dry powder auxiliary agent and 1-5% of mineral pigment.
Example 6:
the embodiment provides a formula of environment-friendly mortar for wall surfaces, which comprises 20% of special cement, 17% of redispersible polymer powder, 5% of straw, 55% of quartz sand, 1.5% of dry powder auxiliary agent and 1.5% of mineral pigment in percentage by weight.
Example 7:
the embodiment provides a formula of environment-friendly plaster for wall surfaces, which comprises 15% of special cement, 20% of redispersible polymer powder, 8% of straw, 50% of quartz sand, 3% of dry powder additive and 4% of mineral pigment in percentage by weight.
Example 8:
the embodiment provides a formula of environment-friendly mortar for wall surfaces, which comprises, by weight, 10-25% of special cement, 15-30% of redispersible polymer powder, 1-10% of straw, 45-55% of quartz sand, 0.1-5% of dry powder auxiliary agent and 1-5% of metal alloy pigment.
Example 9:
the embodiment provides a formula of environment-friendly plaster for wall surfaces, which comprises 26% of special cement, 17% of redispersible polymer powder, 4% of straw, 46% of quartz sand, 4% of dry powder additive and 3% of metal alloy pigment in percentage by weight.
Example 10:
the embodiment provides a formula of environment-friendly plaster for wall surfaces, which comprises 18% of special cement, 15% of redispersible polymer powder, 8% of straw, 49% of quartz sand, 5% of dry powder auxiliary agent and 5% of metal alloy pigment in percentage by weight.
Example 11:
the embodiment provides a formula of environment-friendly plaster for wall surfaces, which comprises 20% of special cement, 26% of redispersible polymer powder, 4% of straws, 45% of quartz sand, 3% of dry powder auxiliary agent and 2% of metal alloy pigment in percentage by weight.
Example 12:
the embodiment provides a formula of environment-friendly plaster for wall surfaces, which comprises 47 weight percent of special cement, 11 weight percent of redispersible polymer powder, 16 weight percent of straw, 20 weight percent of quartz sand, 4 weight percent of dry powder auxiliary agent and 2 weight percent of metal alloy pigment.
Example 13:
the embodiment provides a formula of environment-friendly mortar for wall surfaces, which comprises, by weight, 10-25% of special cement, 15-30% of redispersible polymer powder, 1-10% of straw, 45-55% of quartz sand, 0.1-5% of dry powder auxiliary agent and 1-5% of mineral pigment.
The dry powder auxiliary agent comprises, by weight, 23-47% of fatty alcohol, 34-69% of polycarboxylate, 20-23% of polyacrylonitrile fiber, 2.3-6.5% of acrylic block copolymer and 1.15-1.96% of nano silicon dioxide powder.
Example 14:
the embodiment provides a formula of environment-friendly mortar for wall surfaces, which comprises 20% of special cement, 17% of redispersible polymer powder, 5% of straws, 55% of quartz sand, 1.5% of dry powder additive and 1.5% of mineral pigment.
The dry powder auxiliary agent comprises 28% of fatty alcohol, 47% of polycarboxylate, 20% of polyacrylonitrile fiber, 3.5% of acrylic block copolymer and 1.5% of nano silicon dioxide powder in percentage by weight.
Example 15:
the embodiment provides a formula of environment-friendly mortar for wall surfaces, which comprises, by weight, 10-25% of special cement, 15-30% of redispersible polymer powder, 1-10% of straw, 45-55% of quartz sand, 0.1-5% of dry powder auxiliary agent and 1-5% of metal alloy pigment.
The dry powder auxiliary agent comprises, by weight, 23-47% of fatty alcohol, 34-69% of polycarboxylate, 20-23% of polyacrylonitrile fiber, 2.3-6.5% of acrylic block copolymer and 1.15-1.96% of nano silicon dioxide powder.
Example 16:
the embodiment provides a formula of environment-friendly plaster for wall surfaces, which comprises 26% of special cement, 17% of redispersible polymer powder, 4% of straws, 46% of quartz sand, 4% of dry powder additive and 3% of metal alloy pigment by weight percentage.
The dry powder auxiliary agent comprises 32% of fatty alcohol, 40% of polycarboxylate, 22% of polyacrylonitrile fiber, 4.14% of acrylic block copolymer and 1.86% of nano silicon dioxide powder in percentage by weight.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described alternative embodiments, and various other forms of products can be obtained by anyone in light of the present invention. The above detailed description should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention, which is defined in the claims, and which the description is intended to be interpreted accordingly.
Claims (2)
1. The utility model provides an environmental protection plaster for wall which characterized in that: comprises 10 to 25 percent of special cement, 15 to 30 percent of redispersible polymer powder, 4 to 10 percent of straw, 45 to 55 percent of quartz sand, 0.1 to 5 percent of dry powder auxiliary agent and 1 to 5 percent of pigment; the pigment is a mineral pigment or a metal alloy pigment;
the dry powder auxiliary agent comprises, by weight, 23-47% of fatty alcohol, 34-69% of polycarboxylate, 20-23% of polyacrylonitrile fiber, 2.3-6.5% of acrylic block copolymer and 1.15-1.96% of nano silicon dioxide powder, wherein the sum of the usage amount of each component of the dry powder auxiliary agent is 100%;
the straw is 60-100 meshes of straw powder; the particle size of the redispersible polymer powder is 120-200 meshes; the particle size of the quartz sand is 40-80 meshes;
wherein, the special cement is white cement.
2. A method for preparing the environment-friendly mortar for wall surfaces according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following specific steps: s1, straw pretreatment: recovering the straws, and placing the straws in a place with sufficient illumination and ventilation for airing to obtain dry straws;
s2, straw crushing: adding the dried straws into a blender to obtain straw powder;
s3, weighing raw materials: weighing corresponding raw materials according to a formula;
s4, mixing raw materials: adding all the raw materials into a stirrer and stirring to obtain a mixed raw material;
s5, preparing a finished product: adding water into the prepared mixed raw materials, and stirring to obtain a finished product.
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| CN103641405B (en) * | 2013-12-19 | 2016-02-24 | 张会君 | A kind of wall heat insulation material and preparation method |
| CN103770191B (en) * | 2014-01-23 | 2015-07-08 | 吴波 | Straw fireproofing heat retaining panel and preparation method |
| CN103922683A (en) * | 2014-03-12 | 2014-07-16 | 济南大学 | Energy-saving thermal insulation mortar for building exterior walls |
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