CN109805019B - Fungicidal composition and use thereof - Google Patents
Fungicidal composition and use thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109805019B CN109805019B CN201711167140.8A CN201711167140A CN109805019B CN 109805019 B CN109805019 B CN 109805019B CN 201711167140 A CN201711167140 A CN 201711167140A CN 109805019 B CN109805019 B CN 109805019B
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- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of agricultural bactericides, and in particular relates to a fungicidal composition and application thereof. The fungicidal composition contains A, B two active components, and the weight ratio of the component A to the component B is 1:99-99:1; component A is selected from compounds of formula I: the component B is one or more selected from antibiotic bactericides. The fungicidal composition is particularly suitable for controlling various plant pathogenic fungal diseases such as anthracnose, early blight, ring spot, alternaria leaf spot, root rot, fusarium wilt, banded sclerotial blight, rice blast, powdery mildew, gray mold, late blight, scab, rot, leaf mold, scab, downy mildew and rust.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of agricultural bactericides, and in particular relates to a fungicidal composition and application thereof.
Background
Patent CN104649973A1 discloses a pyrazole amide compound and application thereof, wherein the compound shown in the following general formula I is reported to have good activity on various fungal diseases.
Wherein R is 1 ＝CH 3 、R 2 The compound =n-Pr (compound 5 in CN104649973 A1) has good activity against a variety of diseases.
The agricultural antibiotic bactericide mainly comprises polyoxin, validamycin, kasugamycin, ethylicin/blasticidin and the like, is a metabolic substance generated by microorganisms, can inhibit the growth and reproduction of various plant pathogenic bacteria, has good systemic action and endo-osmotic action, is easy to be absorbed by plants and decomposed by organisms, has low toxicity to people and livestock, has little residual toxicity problem, does not pollute the environment, and is suitable for application in pollution-free production. The polyoxin has good control effects on various fungal diseases such as wheat powdery mildew, tobacco brown spot, cucumber downy mildew, melon fusarium wilt, ginseng black spot, rice sheath blight, apple alternaria leaf spot, strawberry gray mold, grape gray mold, forest tip blight and pear black spot, and the like, and the polyoxin is mainly used for controlling rice sheath blight, rice false smut, wheat sclerotinia, corn leaf blight, vegetable seedling blight, cotton, bean seedling blight, bai Juan disease, ginseng seedling blight and the like, and the kasugamycin has good control effects on rice blast, rice leaf blight, sorghum anthracnose, cucumber anthracnose, leaf mold, gray mold, cabbage black rot, potato ring rot and the like, and the ethylicin is mainly used for controlling rice seedling, rice blast, cotton seedling disease, fusarium wilt, rape downy mildew, sweet potato black spot, soybean purple disease, potato late blight and the like; the bactericide is introduced in the foreign pesticide variety handbook or the world pesticide general-bactericide volume published by the pesticide information general station of chemical department.
At present, drug resistance occurs when a single medicament is used for a long time, so that a composition capable of expanding the sterilization spectrum of the medicament and delaying the generation of drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a fungicidal composition and application thereof.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a fungicidal composition, wherein the fungicidal composition comprises two active components A, B, and the weight ratio of the active component A to the active component B is 1:99-99:1;
the active component A is selected from compounds shown in the following general formula I:
wherein:
r1 is selected from hydrogen or methyl;
r2 is selected from methyl, ethyl, n-propyl or isopropyl.
The component B is one or more selected from antibiotic bactericides.
Preferably, the active component a is selected from compounds A1 of formula r1=methyl, r2=propyl; the antibiotic bactericide of the component B is polyoxin B 1 Validamycin B 2 Kasugamycin B 3 Pestilence killing element B 4 Or ethylicin B 5 。
Further preferably, the weight ratio of the active component A to the active component B is 1:50-50:1.
Still further preferably, the active component a is selected from compound A1; the active component B is polyoxin B 1 Validamycin B 2 Or kasugamycin B 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the A. The weight ratio of the two active components is 1:20-20:1.
The use of said fungicidal composition for the preparation of a fungicidal agent for the control of phytopathogenic fungal diseases.
The plant pathogenic fungi are plant anthracnose, early blight, ring spot, alternaria leaf spot, root rot, fusarium wilt, banded sclerotial blight, rice blast, powdery mildew, gray mold, late blight, scab, rot, leaf mold, scab or rust.
The bactericidal preparation comprises the active ingredients of the fungicidal composition, wherein the weight percentage of the fungicidal composition is 0.1-95%.
Use of a bactericidal formulation for the preparation of a medicament for controlling phytopathogenic fungal diseases.
The composition has obvious synergistic effect, and can be used for treating diseases caused by various pathogenic fungi, especially fungal diseases in cereal, vegetables (such as cucumber, tomato and the like), fruits (such as apples, strawberries and the like), ornamental plants and grape vines. Such as sclerotium disease, apple tree rot, rice blast, tomato leaf mold, wheat scab, cucumber black spot, tomato anthracnose, apple ring spot, rice sheath blight, wheat powdery mildew, melon powdery mildew, cucumber downy mildew, wheat sheath blight, cucumber gray mold, apple powdery mildew, pear scab, grape powdery mildew, peanut leaf spot, strawberry powdery mildew, banana leaf spot, coffee rust, false smut, wheat sclerotium disease, corn big spot, ginseng damping-off, wheat powdery mildew, tobacco brown spot, ginseng black spot, apple alternaria leaf spot, strawberry gray mold, grape gray mold, vegetable damping-off and the like. Thus, the technical solution of the present invention also includes the use of the composition as fungicide as a medicament for the preparation of fungicides. According to the occurrence degree of crop diseases, the composition of the invention is used in a concentration of 5-1500 g/hm in the crop planting area 2 Preferably 20 to 500g/hm 2 。
When preparing the compositions according to the invention, it is possible to add thereto further active substances which are effective against pests, or active substances or fertilizers which have herbicidal action and also growth regulating action.
The invention also comprises a using method of the composition for preventing and controlling harmful fungi.
The active component A and at least one active component B of the composition are prepared in advance according to the proper proportion provided by the invention or are prepared on the site of use or are used separately and sequentially, and the composition has obvious disease prevention effect or obviously enlarges the disease prevention variety.
The invention has the advantages that:
the invention combines the bactericides with different action mechanisms, thus not only expanding the bactericidal spectrum of the medicament, but also delaying the generation of drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria and prolonging the service life of the medicament. In addition, the inventor discovers in the research that compared with the single compound or bactericide related to the invention, the compound of the component A and the bactericide of the component B are mixed or sequentially applied according to different proportions, so that the disease control effect can be better improved, and the synergistic effect is obvious. In agricultural production, the two bactericides are used together according to the proper proportion provided by the invention, so that the effects of saving labor and time can be achieved.
Detailed Description
The synergistic effect of the compositions of the present invention on harmful fungi is further illustrated by the following examples, but the invention is by no means limited thereto. Wherein the active components are a compound A of one of pyrazole compounds in the fungicidal composition and an agricultural antibiotic bactericide B.
The active samples to be tested are respectively an active component A and/or an active component B, wherein the active component A is a compound shown in a general formula I:
r in formula I 1 =methyl, R 2 The compound A1 is =propyl.
Active component B is polyoxin B 1 Validamycin B 2 Kasugamycin B 3 Pestilence killing element B 4 Or ethylicin B 5 As an example.
The test method and the evaluation method are as follows:
dissolving the active component sample with acetone (the volume ratio of the acetone amount to the spray liquid amount is equal to or smaller than 0.05), diluting with water containing 0.1% Tween 80 to prepare a solution to be tested with the required concentration, and preparing the solution to be tested of the composition according to the set proportion. And spraying the liquid to be detected on the disease host plants on a crop sprayer, and inoculating the disease after 24 hours. According to the disease characteristics, the disease plants which need to be subjected to temperature control and moisture preservation culture are inoculated and then placed in a climatic chamber for culture, and after the infection of the disease is completed, the plants are transferred into a greenhouse for culture. After the contrast is fully ill, the leaf area percentage of the pathogenic fungi infected crop is measured, and the observed efficacy (W) is obtained by calculating by using an A1bbot formula:
W＝(1-α/β)×100
wherein:
alpha: percent fungal infestation of the treated crop;
beta: percent fungal infestation of untreated (control) crops;
efficacy of "0" means that the level of infestation of the treated crop is the same as the level of infestation of the untreated control crop; efficacy of "100" means that the treated crop was not infested.
The expected efficacy (calculated efficacy) of the composition was determined using the Colby formula (see r.s. Colby, weeds, 1967,15,20-22) and compared to the observed efficacy.
E＝X+Y–XY/100
Wherein:
e: the expected efficacy (calculated efficacy in the tables below) when using the compositions of active components a and B at concentrations a and B, expressed as% of untreated control;
x: efficacy of active ingredient a at a concentration a was used, expressed as% of untreated control;
y: the efficacy of active ingredient B at a concentration B was used, expressed as% of untreated control.
When the observed efficacy value is greater than the calculated efficacy value, the composition is indicated to have a synergistic effect; when the observed efficacy value is equal to the calculated efficacy value, the composition is indicated to be additive; when the observed efficacy value is less than the calculated efficacy value, the composition is indicated to be antagonistic.
Example 1 test for controlling sheath blight of rice
Selecting rice potted seedlings with regular and consistent growth and same leaf age, spraying leaves by using a crop sprayer according to the concentration of the agent, placing the rice potted seedlings in a fume hood for airing after spraying, and additionally setting a blank control without adding the agent. Inoculating pathogenic bacteria of rice sheath blight after 24 hours, inoculating by a fungus block-clamping method, and inoculating to the seedling base. The results were investigated after 7d of moisture-retaining culture in a climatic chamber (temperature: day 28 ℃, night 25 ℃, relative humidity: 95%) after inoculation. The extent of development of pathogen infestation of rice leaf sheaths and leaves was investigated.
The results of the activity data for controlling rice sheath blight disease of each individual active ingredient and the composition of the present invention are shown in tables 1 and 2. The observed efficacy values of the compositions are all greater than the calculated efficacy values, and the compositions exhibit a synergistic effect over the range of the tested formulation.
TABLE 1 Activity of the individual active ingredients
TABLE 2 Activity of the compositions of the invention
Example 2 test for controlling sheath blight of wheat
Potted wheat seedling leaves of cultivar "Wen Liu" were sprayed to the drip point with an aqueous suspension of active compound concentration as described below, with the addition of a non-dosing blank. Inoculating pathogenic bacteria of the sheath blight of wheat after 24 hours, and inoculating by a fungus block clamping method. The results were investigated after 7d of moisture-retaining culture in a climatic chamber (temperature: day 28 ℃, night 25 ℃, relative humidity: 95%) after inoculation. The development degree of wheat leaf sheath and stalk germ infection is investigated. The results of the activity data for controlling banded sclerotial blight of wheat for each individual active ingredient and for the compositions of the present invention are shown in tables 3 and 4.
The observed efficacy values of the compositions are all greater than the calculated efficacy values, and the compositions exhibit a synergistic effect over the range of the tested formulation.
TABLE 3 Activity of the individual active ingredients
TABLE 4 Activity of the compositions of the invention
Example 3 test for controlling powdery mildew of cucumber
Selecting potted cucumber seedlings (variety: xintaimi thorns) with regular and consistent growth and same leaf age, carrying out leaf surface spraying treatment on the crop spray according to the designed dosage, and additionally setting a blank control without adding a medicament. After 24 hours, the cells were inoculated with pathogenic bacteria, the cells were transferred to a greenhouse for normal management, and after 8 days of cultivation under the cultivation conditions (temperature: day 23-28 ℃ C., night 18-20 ℃ C.) the results were investigated. The extent of development of pathogen infestation of each leaf is investigated. The results of the activity data of each individual active ingredient and the composition for preventing and treating powdery mildew of cucumber are shown in tables 5 and 6.
The observed efficacy values of the compositions are all greater than the calculated efficacy values, and the compositions exhibit a synergistic effect over the range of the tested formulation.
TABLE 5 Activity of the individual active ingredients
TABLE 6 Activity of the compositions of the invention
Example 4 test for controlling cucumber downy mildew
Selecting potted cucumber seedlings (variety: xintaimi thorns) which grow neatly and consistently, cutting off growing points and reserving 2 true leaves. Spraying the plant material in the concentration set in a crop sprayer, setting blank without adding medicine, and air drying in a ventilating kitchen. After 24 hours, 1X 10 was inoculated with an inoculator 5 The cucumber downy mildew sporangium suspension of each ml is inoculated to cucumber slices, placed in a climatic chamber (the temperature is 18-22 ℃ and the relative humidity is 95-100%) for culture for 24 hours, then transferred to a greenhouse for culture, and the control effect is investigated after 6 days. The results of the activity data for controlling cucumber downy mildew for each individual active ingredient and the compositions of the invention are shown in tables 7 and 8.
The observed efficacy values of the compositions are all greater than the calculated efficacy values, and the compositions exhibit a synergistic effect over the range of the tested formulation.
TABLE 7 Activity of the individual active ingredients
TABLE 8 Activity of the compositions of the invention
Example 5 test for controlling early blight of tomato
When greenhouse potted tomato seedlings (variety: L-402) grow to a trefoil period, leaf surface spraying treatment is carried out on a crop sprayer according to a designed dosage, and a blank control without adding a medicament is additionally arranged. And inoculating pathogenic bacteria after 24 hours, placing a phytotron for regulating culture after inoculation, and carrying out result investigation after 7 days. The extent of development of pathogen infestation of each leaf is investigated. The results of the activity data for each individual active ingredient and the compositions of the present invention for controlling early blight of tomato are shown in tables 9 and 10.
The observed efficacy values of the compositions are all greater than the calculated efficacy values, and the compositions exhibit a synergistic effect over the range of the tested formulation.
TABLE 9 Activity of the individual active ingredients
TABLE 10 Activity of the compositions of the invention
Example 6 test for controlling cucumber anthracnose
The seedlings of the potted two-leaf stage cucumber of the variety "Xintai azoci" were sprayed with an aqueous solution of the active ingredient (the concentrations are described below), and a blank control without adding a medicament was additionally provided. After 24 hours, the test plants were inoculated with a spore suspension of cucumber anthracnose. The test plants were incubated in a climatic chamber at 24.+ -. 2 ℃ and 90.+ -. 5% relative humidity for 24 hours and transferred to the greenhouse for normal management. After 7 days, the extent of development of pathogen infection on the leaves was determined. The results of the activity data of each individual active ingredient and the composition for controlling cucumber anthracnose are shown in Table 11 and Table 12. The observed efficacy values of the compositions are all greater than the calculated efficacy values, and the compositions exhibit a synergistic effect over the range of the tested formulation.
TABLE 11 Activity of the individual active ingredients
TABLE 12 Activity of the compositions of the invention
EXAMPLE 7 test for controlling Rice blast
Selecting potted seedlings of rice (variety Liaoxing No. one) with regular and consistent growth and same leaf age, spraying leaves by using a crop sprayer according to the concentration of the medicament as follows, placing the sprayed leaves in a fume hood for airing, and additionally arranging a blank control without the medicament. After 24 hours, rice blast pathogens were inoculated. The treated potted rice seedlings were cultured in a climatic greenhouse (temperature: day 28 ℃ C., night 25 ℃ C., relative humidity: 95%) and investigated after 7 days.
The results of the activity data for controlling rice sheath blight disease for each individual active ingredient and the composition of the present invention are shown in tables 13 and 14. The observed efficacy values of the compositions are all greater than the calculated efficacy values, and the compositions exhibit a synergistic effect over the range of the tested formulation.
TABLE 13 Activity of individual active Components
TABLE 14 Activity of the compositions of the invention
Example 8 toxicity test against verticillium in cotton
And (3) determining the cotton verticillium of the test strain by an indoor in-vitro toxic medium method. Cooling the melted PDA1 culture medium to 60-70 deg.C, adding quantitative medicine according to the set concentration to obtain the toxic culture medium containing different medicine quantity, and setting blank control without medicine. After the test pathogenic bacteria are sufficiently cooled, inoculating the test pathogenic bacteria tablet with the diameter of 0.5cm, and placing the test pathogenic bacteria tablet into an incubator for culture (25+/-1 ℃). After 5d of cultivation in the incubator, investigation was conducted, the growth diameter of each treated colony of the test pathogenic bacteria was measured separately, and the bacteriostasis rate was calculated.
Hypha inhibition (%) = (control colony diameter-treated colony diameter)/(control colony diameter×100).
The results of the activity data for each individual active ingredient and the compositions of the present invention for controlling pepper anthracnose are shown in tables 15 and 16. The observed efficacy values of the compositions are all greater than the calculated efficacy values, and the compositions exhibit a synergistic effect over the range of the tested formulation.
TABLE 15 Activity of individual active Components
TABLE 16 Activity of the compositions of the invention
Example 9 toxicity test against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum
And (3) determining the test strain sclerotinia sclerotiorum by an indoor in-vitro toxic medium method. Cooling the melted PDA1 culture medium to 60-70 deg.C, adding quantitative medicine according to the set concentration to obtain the toxic culture medium containing different medicine quantity, adding blank control without medicine, every treatment is repeated for 3 times. After the test pathogenic bacteria are sufficiently cooled, inoculating the test pathogenic bacteria tablet with the diameter of 0.5cm, and placing the test pathogenic bacteria tablet into an incubator for culture (25+/-1 ℃). After 5d of cultivation in the incubator, investigation was conducted, the growth diameter of each treated colony of the test pathogenic bacteria was measured separately, and the bacteriostasis rate was calculated.
Hypha inhibition (%) = (control colony diameter-treated colony diameter)/(control colony diameter×100).
The results of the activity data for the individual active ingredients and the compositions according to the invention for controlling sclerotinia rot of rape are shown in tables 17 and 18. The observed efficacy values of the compositions are all greater than the calculated efficacy values, and the compositions exhibit a synergistic effect over the range of the tested formulation.
TABLE 17 Activity of individual active Components
TABLE 18 Activity of the compositions of the invention
Claims (6)
1. A fungicidal composition characterized in that: the fungicidal composition A, B comprises two active components, wherein the weight ratio of the active component A to the active component B is 1:50-50:1;
the active component A is selected from compounds shown in the following general formula I:
wherein:
the active component A is selected from a compound A1 with R1 = methyl and R2 = propyl in the general formula; the component B antibiotic bactericide is selected from validamycin B 2 Kasugamycin B 3 Pestilence killing element B 4 Or ethylicin B 5 。
2. A fungicidal composition according to claim 1, characterized in that: the active component A is selected from a compound A1; the active component B is selected from validamycin B 2 Or kasugamycin B 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the A. The weight ratio of the two active components is 1:20-20:1.
3. Use of a fungicidal composition according to claim 1, characterized in that: the use of said fungicidal composition for the preparation of a fungicidal agent for the control of phytopathogenic fungal diseases.
4. Use of a fungicidal composition according to claim 3, characterized in that: the plant pathogenic fungi are plant anthracnose, fusarium wilt, banded sclerotial blight and rice blast.
5. A bactericidal formulation, characterized in that: the fungicidal composition as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the active ingredient of the formulation is 0.1 to 95% by weight of the fungicidal composition.
6. Use of a bactericidal formulation according to claim 5, characterized in that: the bactericidal preparation is used for preparing medicines for preventing and treating plant pathogenic fungi diseases.
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