CN1090997C - 一种选择加氢除炔多金属催化剂 - Google Patents
一种选择加氢除炔多金属催化剂 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1090997C CN1090997C CN00107257A CN00107257A CN1090997C CN 1090997 C CN1090997 C CN 1090997C CN 00107257 A CN00107257 A CN 00107257A CN 00107257 A CN00107257 A CN 00107257A CN 1090997 C CN1090997 C CN 1090997C
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- acetylene hydrogenation
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical group [H]C#C* 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract 2
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052728 basic metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 150000003818 basic metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical group O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 40
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 2
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002671 adjuvant Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000001345 alkine derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 34
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium Substances [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 29
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 23
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 12
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 11
- KDKYADYSIPSCCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N but-1-yne Chemical group CCC#C KDKYADYSIPSCCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 5
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- WFYPICNXBKQZGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N butenyne Chemical group C=CC#C WFYPICNXBKQZGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- GPNDARIEYHPYAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium(ii) nitrate Chemical compound [Pd+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O GPNDARIEYHPYAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- MWWATHDPGQKSAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyne Chemical group CC#C MWWATHDPGQKSAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium carbonate Substances [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- -1 Hydrogen alkynes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910002668 Pd-Cu Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XTVVROIMIGLXTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) nitrate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O XTVVROIMIGLXTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PIBWKRNGBLPSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L palladium(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Pd]Cl PIBWKRNGBLPSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- XPPWAISRWKKERW-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper palladium Chemical compound [Cu].[Pd] XPPWAISRWKKERW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007429 general method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011112 process operation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052701 rubidium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010944 silver (metal) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000000383 tetramethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C07C7/163—Purification; Separation; Use of additives by treatment giving rise to a chemical modification of at least one compound by hydrogenation
- C07C7/167—Purification; Separation; Use of additives by treatment giving rise to a chemical modification of at least one compound by hydrogenation for removal of compounds containing a triple carbon-to-carbon bond
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种选择加氢除炔多金属催化剂。包括以下组份:含量为1-30%wt的Cu,含量为0.001-5%wt的Pd,选自氧化铝、氧化硅或氧化钛中的至少一种载体。此外,还可包括含量为0.001-6%wt且选自铋、锆、铅、银、铂中的一种或多种助剂金属。采用本发明催化剂,碳四馏份的炔含量可降至15ppm以下,1,3-丁二烯损失可小于1.5%wt。
Description
本发明涉及一种石油化工加氢催化剂,更具体地说,涉及一种用于C4(即碳四,下同)馏份选择加氢除炔的催化剂。
在石油化学工业中,碳四馏份是含有4个碳原子的多种烷烃、烯烃的混合物,其中具有工业价值的成分1,3-丁二烯约占40-60%wt,杂质炔烃含量为0.5-1.5%wt,这些炔烃包括甲基乙炔(MA)、乙基乙炔(EA)、乙烯基乙炔(VA)等。为了制取高纯度的1,3-丁二烯,使其能满足聚合级要求,需要对碳四馏份进行加氢除炔处理。工业上主要通过二段溶剂萃取精馏的方法脱除炔烃,所用溶剂主要有乙腈、二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)、N-甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP)等,分离出来的炔烃用碳四馏份稀释后放火炬处理。该工艺具有能耗大、物料损失多、过程经济性低等难以克服的缺陷。
另外一种除炔方法是利用催化剂进行催化选择加氢。即利用选择加氢催化剂通过加氢反应将碳四馏份中的VA、EA、MA等炔烃转化为丁二烯、丁烯和少量的丁烷,使得碳四炔烃得到利用,简化碳四分离流程。这种除炔方法所采用的加氢催化剂需要有较高的活性和选择性,不仅能够有效地除炔,还要能够尽量减少1,3-丁二烯的损失。另外,还要有较高的稳定性,以适于长期、低成本运转。
美国专利US4547600公开了一种贵金属Pd催化剂。该催化剂一次运转周期尚可,在原料炔含量不是很高且对加氢效果要求也不是很高的情况下,有一定的应用价值。但是,该催化剂活性低,加氢后的炔含量仍然偏高;并且,该催化剂的选择性也较差,加氢时1,3-丁二烯损失较大;另外,反应720小时后,活性组份Pd有大量流失,催化剂中Pd的含量从0.3%wt下降至0.12%wt,导致催化剂活性下降,并且活性不能通过再生得到恢复。
美国专利US3912789(1975.10.14)公开了一种用于液相加氢的Cu基催化剂,该专利宣称能将碳四馏份中的总炔含量降至75ppm以下。该催化剂以含有0.1-1.5%wt Na2O的γ-Al2O3为载体,活性组份为Cu,或Cu与Ag、Pt、Co、Ni等助剂金属相组合。催化剂的活性周期较短,只有175-200小时,需要反复再生。另外该加氢催化剂只适用于处理炔烃含量低于0.2%wt的碳四馏份。美国专利US4440956(1984.4.3.)公开了另一种铜基催化剂。它以含量3-13%wt的Cu作为主活性组份,以Ag、Mn、Co、Ni、Cr等金属中的一种或多种作为助剂金属。该发明宣称其催化剂可以将碳四馏份的炔含量降至80ppm以下,其实施例中,最好的除炔效果为50ppm。上述两篇铜基催化剂专利虽然宣称可以采用Pd作为助剂金属,但是它们并没有给出具体的实施例,也没有给出Pd与其他助剂金属相结合的实施例,更没有给出采用Pd作为其中一种助剂金属的催化剂的制法及Pd的含量。并且,上述专利催化剂的负荷很小,只适用于处理低炔含量(<0.2%wt)的C4馏份。再者,由于上述催化剂的选择性较差,造成C4馏份中1,3-丁二烯损失较大,因而不适于丁二烯含量较大的C4馏份的选择加氢除炔。另外,这些催化剂的寿命和再生周期都较短,增加了运行成本。
综上所述,无论是以铜为主活性组份的催化剂还是以钯为主活性组份的催化剂,都具有难以解决的缺陷,不适于处理较高炔含量的C4馏份。因此,寻求一种能够稳定、有效地处理较高炔含量的C4馏份的催化剂实为必要。
本发明的目的在于针对现有技术的催化剂寿命短、负荷小、选择性较差及不适于处理较高炔含量的C4馏份的缺陷,提供一种选择性高、稳定性好、寿命长的新型催化剂,能够用来有效地降低C4馏份中的炔烃含量。
发明人出人意料地发现,以Cu作为主活性组份,以Pd作为第二活性组份不仅可以综合以铜为主的非贵金属催化剂和以钯为主的贵金属催化剂的优点,而且可以扬弃各自的缺点。本发明制得的催化剂不仅选择性高,而且稳定性好,寿命长,解决了上述长期悬而未决的问题。
本发明提供了一种选择加氢除炔多金属催化剂,其特征在于,以催化剂重量为100%计(下同),包括以下组份:
a)Cu:含量为1-30%wt,优选3-20%wt;
b)Pd:含量为0.001-5%wt,优选0.05-3%wt,特别优选0.05-1%wt;
c)选自氧化铝、氧化硅或氧化钛中且用于载负活性组份的至少一种载体;所述的载体优选用碱金属、碱土金属或其混合物处理过的载体,所述的碱金属优选自Li、Na、K、Rb、Cs中的至少一种,特别优选自Li、Na、K中的至少一种,所述的碱土金属优选自Be、Mg、Ca、Sr、Ba中的至少一种,特别优选自Be、Mg、Ca中的至少一种。所述的碱金属、碱土金属或其混合物的用量为催化剂总重的0.001-3%wt,优选0.05-0.5%wt。碱金属或碱土金属的加入一方面提高了催化剂的选择性,另一方面降低了载体的表面酸度,从而可以控制丁二烯的聚合反应,减少聚合物生成量。
此外,在本发明催化剂的优选方案中,还可包括选自Ag、Pt、Pb、Mn、Co、Ni、Cr、Bi、Zr、Mo的至少一种助剂金属,优选Ag、Bi、Pb、Zr、Pt中的至少一种;所述的助剂金属的含量为催化剂总重的0.001-6%wt,优选0.01-4%wt,特别优选0.01-1%wt。
本发明催化剂的比表面积为100-350m2/g,平均孔半径为30-200。
本发明催化剂可以采用浸渍方法制备。活性组份Pd、Cu、助剂金属、碱金属或碱土金属可一次或分批次载覆在载体上,优选分批载覆。载体氧化铝、氧化硅或氧化钛是用硝酸中和偏铝酸钠制得,用一般方法成型为条状、片状或粒状,优选为球状。氧化铝、氧化硅或氧化钛球在200-900℃焙烧1-8小时。然后按催化剂要求的酸度配制碱金属或碱土金属溶液,将Al2O3、氧化硅或氧化钛载体浸渍在所述的碱金属或碱土金属溶液中,干燥后,350-500℃焙烧6-10小时,然后按Cu含量1-30%wt配制硝酸铜溶液,再浸渍在载体上。然后按催化剂要求的Pd含量,即0.001-5%wt配制硝酸钯、氯化钯、醋酸钯溶液,用氨水、碳酸氢钠或碳酸钠溶液调pH至3-6,浸渍在已有铜组份的Al2O3载体上,再在300-500℃焙烧4-10小时。其他的助剂金属,与铜同时或分批次浸渍在载体上,制成Pd-Cu多金属催化剂。
在催化反应过程中,催化剂中的活性组份开始时是以金属氧化物形式存在,在使用氢气的过程中主活性组份Cu和Pd转化为金属形式。
能够用本发明催化剂通过加氢反应除去的炔可以是甲基乙炔、乙基乙炔和乙烯基乙炔等。本发明催化剂特别适于对C4馏份进行加氢除炔精制。
本发明提供的催化剂综合了以铜为主的非贵金属催化剂和以钯为主的贵金属催化剂的优点,扬弃了它们各自的缺点。首先,本发明催化剂具有较高的活性,负荷量大,即使是高炔含量(0.9-1.3%wt)的C4馏份也能进行加氢处理。而现有技术只能处理炔含量低于0.2%wt的C4馏份。其次,本发明催化剂选择性高,即在炔烃进行加氢反应时,丁二烯不发生或只有很少部分发生加氢反应。再者,本发明在采用碱金属或碱土金属或其混合物处理载体时,可以有效地降低表面酸性,有利于抑制二烯烃的聚合反应,减少聚合物的生成量,从而减少丁二烯的损失。另外,本发明催化剂具有较长的寿命和再生周期,并且可以采用简便方法进行再生,再生后基本能恢复原来活性。
由于具有上述优点,因此本发明催化剂对含有大量丁二烯的碳四馏份的选择加氢除炔特别有效。
本发明催化剂适用于单段床、双段床或其它类型的固定床。
下面结合实施例对本发明进行进一步的说明,但这些实施例并不是对本发明的限制,本发明的权限以权利要求书为准。
Φ2-Φ3 Al2O3或TiO2小球,在636℃焙烧6小时,然后按催化剂要求的酸度配制碱金属或碱土金属溶液,将载体浸渍在所述的碱金属或碱土金属溶液中,干燥后,350℃焙烧6小时,然后按Cu含量1-30%wt配制硝酸铜溶液,再浸渍在载体上。然后按催化剂要求的Pd含量,即0.001-5%wt配制硝酸钯、氯化钯、醋酸钯溶液,用氨水、碳酸氢钠或碳酸钠溶液调pH至5-6,浸渍在已有铜组份的Al2O3载体上,再在350℃焙烧6小时。其他的助剂金属,与铜同时或分批次浸渍在载体上,制成Pd-Cu多金属催化剂。
实施例中,加氢反应在固定床反应器中进行,采用的工艺操作参数如下:
入口温度 (℃) 20-50
反应压力 (MPa) 0.6-1.0
液空速 (h-1) 2-12
氢炔比(mol/mol) 1-6
具体实验条件和结果见表1:
表1、催化剂组成及效果
实施例 | Cu%wt | Pd%wt | 第三组份及含量%wt | 载体种类 | 碱(土)金属及用量%wt | 原料的炔含量%wt | 反应时间hr | 剩炔量ppm | 丁二烯的损失%wt | 氢炔比mol | 液空速hr-1 | 催化剂装填量ml |
1 | 11.3 | 0.2 | Ag:0.2 | Al2O3 | - | 0.9 | 592 | <15 | <1.40 | 4 | 6 | 30 |
2 | 13.5 | 0.2 | Ag:0.2 | TiO2 | - | 0.9 | 196 | <21.3 | <2.00 | 4 | 6 | 30 |
3 | 9.8 | 0.1 | Ag:0.1 | Al2O3 | Na:0.2 | 0.7 | 182 | 0 | <0.85 | 3 | 4 | 30 |
4 | 14.6 | 0.2 | Ag:0.3 | Al2O3 | K:0.1 | 0.7 | 129 | 0 | <1.62 | 3 | 4 | 30 |
5 | 14.6 | 0.2 | Ag:0.2 | Al2O3 | Ca:0.2 | 0.7 | 103 | <13 | <2.45 | 3 | 4 | 30 |
6 | 13.8 | 0.1 | - | Al2O3 | K:0.1;Mg:0.1 | 0.7 | 138 | <18.9 | <2.1 | 3 | 4 | 30 |
7 | 11.4 | 0.15 | Zr:0.1 | Al2O3 | - | 0.9 | 329 | <16 | <1.47 | 4 | 4 | 20 |
8 | 10.4 | 0.15 | Pb:0.2 | Al2O3 | - | 0.9 | 73 | <100 | <3.79 | 6 | 12 | 20 |
9 | 13.8 | 0.15 | Bi:1.0 | Al2O3 | - | 0.7 | 62 | <16.4 | <0.85 | 4 | 5 | 20 |
10 | 12.8 | 0.15 | Ag:0.3 | Al2O3 | - | 0.7 | 98 | <20 | <2.47 | 4 | 5 | 20 |
11 | 5.6 | 0.8 | - | Al2O3 | - | 0.6 | 142 | <98 | <1.80 | 3 | 4 | 30 |
12 | 15.7 | 0.15 | - | Al2O3 | - | 0.6 | 58 | 0 | <3.19 | 3 | 4 | 30 |
13 | 13.4 | 0.15 | Ag:0.1 | Al2O3 | - | 1.3 | 1000 | <13 | <1.20 | 2 | 4 | 200 |
14 | 0 | 0.2 | Ag:0.1 | Al2O3 | - | 0.6 | 53 | 4500 | 1.10 | 1.5 | 10 | 30 |
15 | 10.4 | 0.3 | 0 | Al2O3 | - | 0.6 | 64 | <199 | <3.50 | 6 | 10 | 30 |
16 | 8.50 | 0 | Ag:0.1Pb:0.1Zr:0.1Ni:0.1Co:0.1 | Al2O3 | - | 0.6 | 40 | <1100 | <4.10 | 6 | 6 | 30 |
表中,实施例1、7、13采用的是双段固定床反应器;实施例13、14、15、16为对比例,它们的剩炔含量和丁二烯损失量随时间变化关系如表2所示:
表2、剩炔含量和丁二烯损失量随时间变化关系
实施例13 | 实施例14 | 实施例15 | 实施例16 | ||||||||
累计时间hr | 剩炔ppm | 丁二烯损失%wt | 累计时间hr | 剩炔ppm | 丁二烯损失%wt | 累计时间hr | 剩炔ppm | 丁二烯损失%wt | 累计时间hr | 剩炔ppm | 丁二烯损失%wt |
42 | 12.2 | 0.88 | 7 | 1000 | 1.07 | 8 | 100 | 1.78 | 7 | 1000 | 1.08 |
110 | 12.8 | 0.62 | 16 | 1400 | 1.09 | 16 | 158 | 3.18 | 16 | 900 | 1.35 |
155 | 11.7 | 0.54 | 25 | 1900 | 0.61 | 22 | 112 | 3.48 | 20 | 95 | 2.96 |
207 | 8.1 | 0.53 | 32 | 3400 | 0.09 | 32 | 56 | 2.35 | 25 | 112 | 4.10 |
243 | 8.5 | 1.24 | 40 | 3700 | 0.39 | 40 | 67 | 2.94 | 32 | 103 | 3.17 |
303 | 0.0 | 1.07 | 47 | 3500 | 0.79 | 48 | 130 | 2.48 | 37 | 50 | 2.34 |
343 | 0.0 | 1.20 | 53 | 4500 | 0.28 | 54 | 163 | 2.39 | 40 | 1100 | 1.25 |
395 | 9.8 | 0.38 | 64 | 199 | 1.65 | ||||||
447 | 6.7 | 0.60 | |||||||||
507 | 0.0 | 0.97 |
559 | 10.5 | 1.15 | |||||||||
603 | 4.9 | 0.91 | |||||||||
647 | 12.4 | 1.12 | |||||||||
703 | 6.7 | 0.87 | |||||||||
747 | 8.5 | 0.65 | |||||||||
807 | 5.1 | 0.72 | |||||||||
847 | 10.7 | 0.65 | |||||||||
907 | 7.3 | 0.88 | |||||||||
957 | 5.1 | 0.46 | |||||||||
1000 | 6.2 | 1.14 |
从表1中可看出,采用本发明催化剂可处理较高炔含量的碳四馏份,处理后的碳四馏份中炔含量可降低到15ppm以下,1,3-丁二烯损失可降低到1.5%wt以下。对比例14的数据表明,不含铜的钯基催化剂的活性很低,处理以后的炔含量仍有4700ppm;对比例16显示,不含钯的铜基催化剂虽然活性较对比例14稍高,但是仍然很低,并且1,3-丁二烯损失也大;对比例15表明,往铜基催化剂中加入钯可以明显提高活性;对比例13则表明,往铜-钯催化剂中加入第三组份可以进一步提高活性,并且减少了1,3-丁二烯损失。
从表2中可看出:现有技术的催化剂不仅活性低,寿命也很短;而本发明催化剂经过长期的运转后仍能保持很好的活性和选择性。
Claims (10)
1、一种选择加氢除炔载体催化剂,其特征在于所述的催化剂以其重量为100%计,包括以下组份:含量为1-30%wt的Cu,含量为0.001-5%wt的Pd,所述的Cu和Pd负载在选自氧化铝、氧化硅或氧化钛中的至少一种载体上。
2、根据权利要求1所述的选择加氢除炔载体催化剂,其特征在于:所述的Cu的含量为3-20%wt。
3、根据权利要求1所述的选择加氢除炔载体催化剂,其特征在于:所述的Pd的含量为0.05-3%wt。
4、根据权利要求3所述的选择加氢除炔载体催化剂,其特征在于:所述的Pd的含量为0.05-1%wt。
5、根据权利要求1所述的选择加氢除炔载体催化剂,其特征在于所述的载体为用含量为催化剂的0.001-3%wt的碱金属、碱土金属或其混合物处理过的载体,所述的碱金属选自Li、Na、K中的至少一种,所述的碱土金属选自Be、Mg、Ca中的至少一种。
6、根据权利要求5所述的选择加氢除炔载体催化剂,其特征在于,所述的碱金属、碱土金属或其混合物的用量为0.05-0.5%wt。
7、根据权利要求1至7之一所述的选择加氢除炔载体催化剂,其特征在于,还包括含量为催化剂的0.001-6%wt的选自铋、锆、铅、银、铂中的一种或多种助剂金属。
8、根据权利要求8所述的选择加氢除炔载体催化剂,其特征在于,所述的助剂金属的含量为0.01-4%wt。
9、根据权利要求8所述的选择加氢除炔载体催化剂,其特征在于,所述的助剂金属的含量为0.01-1%wt。
10、根据权利要求1所述的选择加氢除炔载体催化剂,其特征在于催化剂的比表面为100-350m2/g,平均孔半径为30-200。
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP1151790B1 (en) | 2004-03-03 |
RU2259877C2 (ru) | 2005-09-10 |
DE60102175D1 (de) | 2004-04-08 |
US6627578B2 (en) | 2003-09-30 |
US20020025907A1 (en) | 2002-02-28 |
CN1321544A (zh) | 2001-11-14 |
DE60102175T2 (de) | 2005-01-20 |
EP1151790A1 (en) | 2001-11-07 |
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