CN108913098A - 含有经氟取代的烯烃的组合物 - Google Patents
含有经氟取代的烯烃的组合物 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108913098A CN108913098A CN201810610647.4A CN201810610647A CN108913098A CN 108913098 A CN108913098 A CN 108913098A CN 201810610647 A CN201810610647 A CN 201810610647A CN 108913098 A CN108913098 A CN 108913098A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- composition
- hfo
- refrigerant
- formulas
- substituted
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 247
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 101
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 55
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- -1 fluoro alkene Chemical class 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 27
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000013355 food flavoring agent Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002304 perfume Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002671 adjuvant Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001802 infusion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- PGJHURKAWUJHLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2,3-tetrafluoroprop-1-ene Chemical compound FCC(F)=C(F)F PGJHURKAWUJHLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- CDOOAUSHHFGWSA-OWOJBTEDSA-N (e)-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoroprop-1-ene Chemical compound F\C=C\C(F)(F)F CDOOAUSHHFGWSA-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 42
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 24
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 22
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 18
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- 239000003899 bactericide agent Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 12
- LVGUZGTVOIAKKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane Chemical compound FCC(F)(F)F LVGUZGTVOIAKKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 9
- MSSNHSVIGIHOJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentafluoropropane Chemical compound FC(F)CC(F)(F)F MSSNHSVIGIHOJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 9
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 9
- FXRLMCRCYDHQFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene Chemical compound FC(=C)C(F)(F)F FXRLMCRCYDHQFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 8
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 7
- YFMFNYKEUDLDTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(F)C(F)(F)F YFMFNYKEUDLDTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- NSGXIBWMJZWTPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)CC(F)(F)F NSGXIBWMJZWTPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 6
- RWRIWBAIICGTTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N difluoromethane Chemical compound FCF RWRIWBAIICGTTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 6
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- GTLACDSXYULKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentafluoroethane Chemical compound FC(F)C(F)(F)F GTLACDSXYULKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- WXGNWUVNYMJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane Chemical compound FC(F)C(F)F WXGNWUVNYMJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- NPNPZTNLOVBDOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-difluoroethane Chemical compound CC(F)F NPNPZTNLOVBDOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000004604 Blowing Agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- PXBRQCKWGAHEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichlorodifluoromethane Chemical compound FC(F)(Cl)Cl PXBRQCKWGAHEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920000582 polyisocyanurate Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000011495 polyisocyanurate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- CDOOAUSHHFGWSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene Chemical class FC=CC(F)(F)F CDOOAUSHHFGWSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 4
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- YSMRWXYRXBRSND-UHFFFAOYSA-N TOTP Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1OP(=O)(OC=1C(=CC=CC=1)C)OC1=CC=CC=C1C YSMRWXYRXBRSND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000004996 alkyl benzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000019404 dichlorodifluoromethane Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 4
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920013639 polyalphaolefin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WZLFPVPRZGTCKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluorobutane Chemical compound CC(F)(F)CC(F)(F)F WZLFPVPRZGTCKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XMLSXPIVAXONDL-PLNGDYQASA-N Jasmone Chemical compound CC\C=C/CC1=C(C)CCC1=O XMLSXPIVAXONDL-PLNGDYQASA-N 0.000 description 3
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoromethane Chemical compound FC NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 3
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 231100000053 low toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- LMBFAGIMSUYTBN-MPZNNTNKSA-N teixobactin Chemical compound C([C@H](C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@H]1C(N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](C[C@@H]2NC(=N)NC2)C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)O[C@H]1C)[C@@H](C)CC)=O)NC)C1=CC=CC=C1 LMBFAGIMSUYTBN-MPZNNTNKSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XMLSXPIVAXONDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-jasmone Natural products CCC=CCC1=C(C)CCC1=O XMLSXPIVAXONDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 3
- UJPMYEOUBPIPHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1-trifluoroethane Chemical compound CC(F)(F)F UJPMYEOUBPIPHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Carbamate Chemical compound NC([O-])=O KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000005696 Diammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl ether Chemical compound COC LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920013701 VORANOL™ Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011203 carbon fibre reinforced carbon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019628 coolness Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000388 diammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000019838 diammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- OSVXSBDYLRYLIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxidochlorine(.) Chemical compound O=Cl=O OSVXSBDYLRYLIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010696 ester oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920006248 expandable polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003682 fluorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 2
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutane Chemical compound CC(C)C NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000004400 mucous membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920002120 photoresistant polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- DYLIWHYUXAJDOJ-OWOJBTEDSA-N (e)-4-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)but-2-en-1-ol Chemical compound NC1=NC=NC2=C1N=CN2C\C=C\CO DYLIWHYUXAJDOJ-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940051271 1,1-difluoroethane Drugs 0.000 description 1
- VOZKAJLKRJDJLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-diaminotoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N)C=C1N VOZKAJLKRJDJLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 206010006326 Breath odour Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000004155 Chlorine dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- XWCDCDSDNJVCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorofluoromethane Chemical compound FCCl XWCDCDSDNJVCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000006545 Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000032139 Halitosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229920004449 Halon® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- ZQGARAZKUIAKNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Br].[Cl].FCF Chemical compound [Br].[Cl].FCF ZQGARAZKUIAKNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KBEZIROSXSGDKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cl].CCF Chemical class [Cl].CCF KBEZIROSXSGDKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000122 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- RREGISFBPQOLTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane;trihydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.[AlH3] RREGISFBPQOLTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001088 anti-asthma Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003466 anti-cipated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000924 antiasthmatic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000410 antimony oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 208000006673 asthma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000926 atmospheric chemistry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZSDJVGXBJDDOCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene dioctyl benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate Chemical compound C(C=1C(C(=O)OCCCCCCCC)=CC=CC1)(=O)OCCCCCCCC.C1=CC=CC=C1 ZSDJVGXBJDDOCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940125388 beta agonist Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000003115 biocidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009530 blood pressure measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- LHMHCLYDBQOYTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromofluoromethane Chemical compound FCBr LHMHCLYDBQOYTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RJCQBQGAPKAMLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromotrifluoromethane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)Br RJCQBQGAPKAMLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011469 building brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- CREMABGTGYGIQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon carbon Chemical compound C.C CREMABGTGYGIQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019398 chlorine dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002860 competitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004320 controlled atmosphere Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003246 corticosteroid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002781 deodorant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000005690 diesters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012377 drug delivery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004945 emulsification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008266 hair spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000005828 hydrofluoroalkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002917 insecticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001282 iso-butane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013847 iso-butane Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000004072 lung Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012567 medical material Substances 0.000 description 1
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PQIOSYKVBBWRRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylphosphonyl difluoride Chemical group CP(F)(F)=O PQIOSYKVBBWRRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 231100000956 nontoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VTRUBDSFZJNXHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxoantimony Chemical group [Sb]=O VTRUBDSFZJNXHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000010412 perfusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000546 pharmaceutical excipient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000233 poly(alkylene oxides) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007614 solvation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940124597 therapeutic agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000011287 therapeutic dose Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 231100000167 toxic agent Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003440 toxic substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- VPAYJEUHKVESSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N trifluoroiodomethane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)I VPAYJEUHKVESSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
- C09K5/04—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
- C09K5/04—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa
- C09K5/041—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems
- C09K5/044—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds
- C09K5/045—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds containing only fluorine as halogen
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N29/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing halogenated hydrocarbons
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L27/00—Spices; Flavouring agents or condiments; Artificial sweetening agents; Table salts; Dietetic salt substitutes; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L27/20—Synthetic spices, flavouring agents or condiments
- A23L27/202—Aliphatic compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/06—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
- A61K9/007—Pulmonary tract; Aromatherapy
- A61K9/0073—Sprays or powders for inhalation; Aerolised or nebulised preparations generated by other means than thermal energy
- A61K9/008—Sprays or powders for inhalation; Aerolised or nebulised preparations generated by other means than thermal energy comprising drug dissolved or suspended in liquid propellant for inhalation via a pressurized metered dose inhaler [MDI]
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2/00—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor
- A61L2/16—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor using chemical substances
- A61L2/18—Liquid substances or solutions comprising solids or dissolved gases
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D1/00—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D1/00—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires
- A62D1/0028—Liquid extinguishing substances
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D1/00—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires
- A62D1/0028—Liquid extinguishing substances
- A62D1/0057—Polyhaloalkanes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D11/00—Solvent extraction
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D11/00—Solvent extraction
- B01D11/02—Solvent extraction of solids
- B01D11/0288—Applications, solvents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/02—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
- B01J31/0231—Halogen-containing compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/03—Precipitation; Co-precipitation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/03—Precipitation; Co-precipitation
- B01J37/031—Precipitation
- B01J37/035—Precipitation on carriers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C21/00—Acyclic unsaturated compounds containing halogen atoms
- C07C21/02—Acyclic unsaturated compounds containing halogen atoms containing carbon-to-carbon double bonds
- C07C21/18—Acyclic unsaturated compounds containing halogen atoms containing carbon-to-carbon double bonds containing fluorine
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
- C08J9/12—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent
- C08J9/14—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent organic
- C08J9/143—Halogen containing compounds
- C08J9/144—Halogen containing compounds containing carbon, halogen and hydrogen only
- C08J9/146—Halogen containing compounds containing carbon, halogen and hydrogen only only fluorine as halogen atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/20—Diluents or solvents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K21/00—Fireproofing materials
- C09K21/06—Organic materials
- C09K21/08—Organic materials containing halogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
- C09K3/30—Materials not provided for elsewhere for aerosols
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B9/00—Essential oils; Perfumes
- C11B9/0007—Aliphatic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
- C11D17/0043—For use with aerosol devices
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/24—Organic compounds containing halogen
- C11D3/245—Organic compounds containing halogen containing fluorine
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2203/00—Foams characterized by the expanding agent
- C08J2203/14—Saturated hydrocarbons, e.g. butane; Unspecified hydrocarbons
- C08J2203/142—Halogenated saturated hydrocarbons, e.g. H3C-CF3
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2203/00—Foams characterized by the expanding agent
- C08J2203/16—Unsaturated hydrocarbons
- C08J2203/162—Halogenated unsaturated hydrocarbons, e.g. H2C=CF2
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2203/00—Foams characterized by the expanding agent
- C08J2203/16—Unsaturated hydrocarbons
- C08J2203/162—Halogenated unsaturated hydrocarbons, e.g. H2C=CF2
- C08J2203/164—Perhalogenated unsaturated hydrocarbons, e.g. F2C=CF2
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2207/00—Foams characterised by their intended use
- C08J2207/04—Aerosol, e.g. polyurethane foam spray
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2325/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2325/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
- C08J2325/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene
- C08J2325/06—Polystyrene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
- C09K2205/10—Components
- C09K2205/12—Hydrocarbons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
- C09K2205/10—Components
- C09K2205/12—Hydrocarbons
- C09K2205/126—Unsaturated fluorinated hydrocarbons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
- C09K2205/22—All components of a mixture being fluoro compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
- C09K2205/24—Only one single fluoro component present
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
- C09K2205/40—Replacement mixtures
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D2111/00—Cleaning compositions characterised by the objects to be cleaned; Cleaning compositions characterised by non-standard cleaning or washing processes
- C11D2111/10—Objects to be cleaned
- C11D2111/14—Hard surfaces
- C11D2111/22—Electronic devices, e.g. PCBs or semiconductors
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/90—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in food processing or handling, e.g. food conservation
- Y02A40/963—Off-grid food refrigeration
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
- Pulmonology (AREA)
- Otolaryngology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
本申请涉及含有经氟取代的烯烃的组合物。本发明揭示四氟丙烯、尤其是(HFO‑1234)在包括致冷设备在内的多种应用中的用途。所述材料通常用作加热和冷却的致冷剂、用作发泡剂、用作气雾剂推进剂、用作溶剂组合物以及用作灭火剂和火灾抑制剂。
Description
本申请是申请日为2005年4月29日、申请号为"201410381447.8"、名称为″含有经氟取代的烯烃的组合物″的发明专利申请的分案申请;申请号为"201410381447.8"的申请进而是申请日为2005年4月29日、申请号为"200580013536.6"、名称为″含有经氟取代的烯烃的组合物″的发明专利申请的分案申请。
技术领域
本发明是关于在尤其包括致冷系统的多种应用中具有效用的组合物,并且也是关于利用所述组合物的方法和系统。在优选方面,本发明是针对包含本发明的至少一种多氟代烯烃的致冷剂组合物。
背景技术
已发现碳氟化合物基流体广泛用于多种商业和工业应用中。举例而言,碳氟化合物基流体通常用作诸如空气调节、热泵和致冷应用的系统中的工作流体。蒸气压缩循环是在致冷系统中实现冷却或加热的最常用类型的方法之一。蒸气压缩循环通常涉及致冷剂在相对低的压力下通过吸热由液相变为气相且随后在相对低的压力和温度下通过热移除由气相变为液相的相变;将蒸气压缩至相对高的压力;在此相对高的压力和温度下通过热移除将气相冷凝成液相;及随后降低压力以再次起始循环。
致冷的主要H的是在相对低的温度下将热量自目标流体或其它流体中移除,而热泵的主要目的是在相对环境更高的温度下增加热量。
多年来,在许多应用中,某些碳氟化合物已成为诸如致冷剂的许多热交换流体中的优选组份。举例而言,诸如氯氟甲烷和氯氟乙烷衍生物的氟代烷已由于其独特的化学和物理特性组合而在包括空气调节和热泵应用的应用中广泛用作致冷剂。蒸气压缩系统中常用的多种致冷剂都为单一组份流体或共沸混合物。
近年来,已愈来愈关注对于地球大气和气候的潜在危害,且已将某些氯基化合物识别为在此点上尤其有问题的化合物。由于与许多此类化合物有关的臭氧损耗特性,在空气调节和致冷系统中用作致冷剂的含氯组合物(诸如氯氟碳化物(CFC)、氢氯氟碳化物(HCFC)及其类似物)已变得不受欢迎。因此,已愈来愈需要可提供致冷和热泵应用的替代选择的新碳氟化合物和氢氟碳化合物和组合物。举例而言,通过用不会损耗臭氧层的不含氯致冷剂化合物(诸如氢氟碳化物(HFC))替代含氯致冷剂来改进含氯致冷系统已变得合乎需要。
然而,通常认为重要的是任何潜在的代用致冷剂也必须具有许多最广泛使用的流体中所存在的那些特性,诸如极佳的传热特性、化学稳定性、低毒性或无毒性、不易燃性和润滑剂相容性等。
申请者已开始意识到润滑剂相容性在许多应用中尤为重要。更尤其是,非常需要致冷流体与大多数致冷系统中使用的用于压缩机组中的润滑剂相容。不幸的是,包括HFC的许多不含氯致冷流体相对不溶和/或不混溶于传统上与CFC和HFC一起使用的润滑剂类型中,所述润滑剂包括(例如)矿物油、烷基苯或聚(α-烯烃)。为使致冷流体-润滑剂组合以在压缩致冷、空气调节和/或热泵系统内有效的理想水平工作,润滑剂应在各种操作温度下充分溶于致冷液体中。所述溶解性降低润滑剂的粘性,并使其更易于在整个系统中流动。在缺少所述溶解性的情况下,润滑剂易于积存在致冷、空气调节或热泵系统的蒸发器旋管以及所述系统的其它部分中,且因此降低系统效率。
关于使用效率,重要的是应注意致冷剂热力学效能或能效的损失可通过因电能需求增加而增加的化石燃料使用对环境造成次级影响。
此外,通常认为需要对当前用于CFC致冷剂中的习知蒸气压缩技术不会造成主要工程改变的有效CFC致冷剂代用品。
对于许多应用而言,易燃性是另一重要特性。也就是说,应认为在尤其包括传热应用的许多应用中使用不易燃组合物是重要或必要的。因此,使用所述不易燃组合物化合物通常是有益的。如本文所使用的术语“不易燃”是指当根据2002年实施的ASTM标准E-681(其是以引用的方式并入本文)确定时经确定为不易燃的化合物或组合物。不幸的是,可能另外需要用于致冷剂组合物中之许多HFC也并非不易燃的。举例而言,氟代烷二氟乙烷(HFC-152a)和氟代烯1,1,1-二氟丙烯(HFO-1234zf)各为易燃的,且因此不可用于许多应用中。
已建议将较高碳数的氟代烯,亦即经氟取代的具有至少五个碳原子的烯烯用作致冷剂。Smutny的美国专利第4,788,352号是针对具有至少某一不饱和度的氟代C5至C8化合物的制备。Smutny专利识别出已知所述较高碳数的烯烃可用作致冷剂、杀虫剂、介电流体、传热流体、溶剂和多种化学反应中的中间体(参看第1列,第11-22行)。
尽管Smutny中所述的氟代烯烃可在传热应用中具有某种程度的效用,但据信所述化合物也可以具有某些缺点。举例而言,所述化合物中的一些可易于侵蚀衬底,尤其通用塑料,诸如丙烯酸树脂和ABS树脂。此外,Smutny中所述的较高碳数的烯烃化合物也可以由于所述化合物可由Smutny中所述的杀虫剂活性引起潜在程度的毒性而不适用于某些应用中。另外,所述化合物也可具有因过高而致使其不能在某些应用中用作致冷剂的沸点。
溴氟甲烷和溴氯氟甲烷衍生物,尤其溴三氟甲烷(哈龙(Halon)1301)和溴氯二氟甲烷(哈龙1211)已在封闭区域(诸如飞机舱和电脑室)中日益广泛地用作灭火剂。然而,多种哈龙因其高臭氧损耗而正逐渐退出使用。而且,由于哈龙通常用于人类出现的区域中,所以适当的代用品也必须在抑制或灭火所需的浓度下对人类安全。
因此,申请者已开始意识到需要潜在可用于多种应用(包括蒸气压缩加热和冷却系统及方法)中并避免上述缺点中的一个或一个以上缺点的组合物,且尤其需要传热组合物、灭火/抑制火灾组合物、发泡剂、溶剂组合物和相容剂。
发明内容
申请者已发现上述需求和其它需求可通过一些组合物来满足,所述组合物包含一种或一种以上的C3或C4氟代烯,优选具有下式I的化合物:
XCFzR3-z (I),
其中X为C2或C3不饱和、经取代或未经取代的烷基,各R独立为Cl、F、Br、I或H,且z为1至3。在式I化合物中,尤其优选1,3,3,3-四氟丙烯的顺和反异构体(HFO-1234ze)。
本发明也提供利用本发明组合物的方法和系统,其包括用于传热、发泡、溶剂化、调味剂和芳香剂提取和/或传递及气雾剂产生的方法和系统。
附图说明
图1为测试发泡用容器。
具体实施方式
组合物
本发明是针对包含至少一种含有3至4个碳原子(优选3个碳原了)和至少一个碳碳双键的氟代烯的组合物。如果本发明的氟代烯化合物含有至少一个氢,则在本文中有时出于便利的目的将其称为氢氟-烯烃或“HFO”。尽管预期本发明的HFO可含有两个碳碳双键,但目前认为所述化合物并非优选的。
如上文所提及,本发明组合物包含一种或一种以上根据式I的化合物。在优选实施例中,所述组合物包括下式II的化合物:
其中各R独立为Cl、F、Br、I或H,
R′为(CR2)nY,
Y为CRF2,
且n为0或1。
在尤其优选的实施例中,Y为CF3,n为0且剩余R中的至少一者为F。
申请者认为,一般而言,上文所识别的式I和II化合物通常有效且在本发明的致冷剂组合物、发泡剂组合物、相容剂、气雾剂、推进剂、芳香剂、调味剂调配物和溶剂组合物中显示出效用。然而,申请者已惊奇且出人意料地发现某些具有根据上述各式的结构的化合物显示出相比其它此类化合物更合乎人意的低毒性含量。应易于了解,所述发现不仅对于致冷剂组合物,而且对于将另外含有满足上述各式的相对有毒化合物的任何和所有组合物的调配物部具有潜在地巨大优势和益处。更特定言之,申请者认为相对低的毒性含量与式II的化合物有关,优选其中Y为CF3,其中不饱和末端碳上至少一个R为H且剩余R中的至少一者为F。申请者也认为所述化合物的所有结构、几何和立体异构体都有效且有利地具有低毒性。
在特别优选的实施例中,尤其在包含上文所述的低毒性化合物的实施例中,n为零。在某些特别优选的实施例中,本发明的组合物包含一种或一种以上四氟丙烯。本文中使用的术语“HFO-1234”是指所有四氟丙烯。在所述四氟丙烯中,尤其优选顺-与反-1,3,3,3-四氟丙烯(HFO-1234ze)。本文中使用的术语HFO-1234ze一般是指1,3,3,3-四氟丙烯,而与其为顺式或反式无关。本文中使用的术语“顺HFO-1234ze”和“反HFO-1234ze”分别描述顺式-和反式-的1,3,3,3-四氟丙烯。因此,术语“HFO-1234ze”在其范畴内包括顺HFO-1234ze、反HFO-1234ze及所述物质的所有组合和混合物。
尽管在至少某些方面顺HFO-1234ze和反HFO-1234ze的特性不同,但预期所述化合物的每一者部适于单独或与包括其立体异构体的其它化合物一起与本文所述的每一应用、方法和系统结合使用。举例而言,当反HFO-1234ze由于其相对低的沸点(-19℃)而可优选用于某些致冷系统中时,仍预期沸点为+9℃的顺HFO-1234ze也在本发明的某些致冷系统中具有效用。因此,应了解术语“HFO-1234ze”和1,3,3,3-四氟丙烯指两种立体异构体,而且使用这一术语意欲表明除非另作指示,否则顺式-和反式的每一者部应用于和/或可用于指定目的。
HFO-1234化合物是已知材料且列于化学文摘(Chemical Abstract)数据库中。通过多种饱和与不饱和含卤素C3化合物的催化气相氟化来制备诸如CF3CH=CH2的氟代丙烯已在美国专利第2,889,379号、第4,798,818号和第4,465,786号中得以描述,所述专利的每一者部以引用的方式并入本文。EP 974,571(也以引用的方式并入本文中)揭示通过在高温下使气相1,1,1,3,3-五氟丙烷(HFC-245fa)与铬基催化剂接触,或使液相1,1,1,3,3-五氟丙烷(HFC-245fa)与KOH、NaOH、Ca(OH)2或Mg(OH)2的醇溶液接触来制备1,1,1,3-四氟丙烯。此外,用于制备根据本发明的化合物的方法通常结合申请中的标题为“Process forProducing Fluoropropenes”、代理人案号(attorney docket number)为(H0003789(26267))的美国专利申请案加以描述,所述专利申请案也以引用的方式并入本文中。
据信,本发明组合物、尤其是那些包含HFO-1234ze的组合物具有因许多重要原因而有益的特性。例如,申请者至少部分基于数学建模认为本发明的氟代烯烃将对大气化学大体无实质性负面影响,即与某些其它卤化物相比,其对臭氧损耗的作用可忽略。因此,本发明的优选组合物具有大体上不促进臭氧损耗的益处。相比目前使用的许多氢氟烷,优选组合物也大体上不会促进全球变暖。
在某些优选形式中,本发明的组合物具有不大于约1000、更优选不大于约500且甚至更优选不大于约150的全球变暖潜能(GWP)。在某些实施例中,本发明组合物的GWP不大于约100且甚至更优选不大于约75。如“The Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion,2002,a report of the World Meteorological Association′s Global Ozone Researchand Monitoring Project”(其以引用的方式并入本文)中所定义,如本文所使用的“GWP”是相对于二氧化碳的GWP且历时100年时程测量。
在某些优选形式中,本发明组合物也优选具有不大于0.05、更优选不大于0.02且甚至更优选约为零的臭氧损耗潜势(ODP)。如本文所使用的“ODP”是如“The ScientificAssessment of Ozone Depletion,2002,A report of the World MeteorologicalAssociation′s Global Ozone Research and Monitoring Proiect”(其以引用的方式并入本文)中所定义。
本发明组合物中所含有的式I化合物、尤其HFO-1234的量可视特殊应用而广泛变化,并且含有大于痕量且小于100%化合物的组合物处于本发明的广泛范畴内。而且,本发明的组合物可共沸、共沸物类或不共沸。在优选实施例中,本发明组合物包含约5重量%至约99重量%且甚至更优选约5%至约95%的量的HFO-1234,优选HFO-1234ze。本发明组合物中可包括许多额外化合物,且所有所述化合物的存在都处于本发明的广泛范畴内。在某些优选实施例中,除HFO-1234ze外,本发明组合物还包括下列化合物中的一种或一种以上:
二氟甲烷(HFC-32);
五氟乙烷(HFC-125);
1,1,2,2-四氟乙烷(HFC-134);
1,1,1,2-四氟乙烷(HFC-134a);
二氟乙烷(HFC-152a);
1,1,1,2,3,3,3-七氟丙烷(HFC-227ea);
1,1,1,3,3,3-六氟丙烷(HFC-236fa);
1,1,1,3,3-五氟丙烷(HFC-245fa);
1,1,1,3,3-五氟丁烷(HFC-365mfc);
水;
CO2。
任何上述组份以及本发明组合物中可包括的任何额外组份的相对量可根据所述组合物的特殊应用而在本发明的通用广泛范畴内广泛变化,而且可认为所有所述相对量都处于此范畴内。
传热组合物
尽管预期本发明的组合物可包括各种量的本发明化合物,但通常优选本发明的致冷剂组合物包含占所述组合物至少约50重量%且甚至更优选至少约70重量%的量的根据式I的化合物,更优选根据式II的化合物,且甚至更优选HFO-1234ze。在许多实施例中,优选本发明的传热组合物包含反HFO-1234ze。在某些优选实施例中,本发明的传热组合物包含顺:反重量比例为约1∶99至约10∶99、更优选约1∶99至约5∶95且甚至更优选约1∶99至约3∶97的顺HFO-1234ze与反HFO-1234ze的组合。
出于增强或向所述组合物提供某些功能性的目的,或在某些降低所述组合物成本的情况下,本发明的组合物可包括其它组份。举例而言,根据本发明的致冷剂组合物、尤其用于蒸气压缩系统中的那些组合物包括通常占所述组合物约30至约50重量百分比的量的润滑剂。此外,出于辅助润滑剂相容性和/或溶解性的目的,本发明组合物也可以包括相容剂,诸如丙烷。所述包括丙烷、丁烷和戊烷的相容剂优选以占组合物约0.5至约5重量白分比的量存在。如美国专利第6,516,837号中所揭示,也可以将表面活性剂和增溶剂的组合添加至本发明组合物中以辅助油溶性,所述专利的揭示内容是以引用的方式并入本文。与氢氟碳化物(HFC)致冷剂一起用于致冷机械中的常用致冷润滑剂可用于本发明的致冷剂组合物中,所述常用致冷润滑剂诸如多元醇酯(POE)和聚烷二醇(PAG)、硅油、矿物油、烷基苯(AB)和聚(α-烯烃)(PAO)。
许多现存的致冷系统当前适于与现存致冷剂结合使用,并且据信本发明的组合物可适用于许多需要或无需系统改进的此类系统中。在许多应用中,本发明的组合物可提供作为当前基于具有相对高容量的致冷剂的系统的替代品的优势。此外,在需要使用更低容量的本发明致冷剂组合物的实施例中,出于(例如)替换更高容量致冷剂的成本原因,本发明组合物的所述实施例提供一潜在优势。因此,优选在某些实施例中使用本发明的组合物、尤其包含大比例反HFO-1234ze且在某些实施例中基本由反HFO-1234ze组成的组合物来作为诸如HFC-134a的现存致冷剂的替代品。在某些应用中,本发明的致冷剂潜在地允许有利的使用更大的容积式压缩机,藉此产生比诸如HFC-134a的其它致冷剂更高的能效。因此,本发明的致冷剂组合物、尤其包含反HFP-1234ze的组合物提供在能量方面达成致冷剂替换应用的竞争性优势的可能性。
预期尤其包括所述包含HFO-1234ze的组合物的本发明组合物对于通常与商用空气调节系统结合使用的冷却器也具有益处(在原系统中或当用作诸如R-12和R-500的致冷剂的替代品时)。在某些所述实施例中,优选在本发明HFO-1234ze组合物中包括约0.5至约5%诸如CF3I的易燃抑制剂。
因此,本发明方法、系统和组合物都适用于汽车空气调节系统和装置、商用致冷系统和装置、冷却器、家用电冰箱和冷冻器、通用空气调节系统、热泵和类似装置中。
发泡剂、发泡体和发泡组合物
发泡剂也可以包含本发明组合物中的一种或一种以上或由其构成。如上文所提及,本发明的组合物可包括各种量的本发明的组合物。然而,对于用作根据本发明的发泡剂的优选组合物而言,通常优选根据式I的化合物且甚至更优选根据式II的化合物是以占所述组合物至少约5重量%且甚至更优选至少约15重量%的量存在。在某些优选实施例中,本发明的发泡剂组合物除包括HFO-1234(优选HFO-1234ze)外还包括下列组份中的一者或一者以上来作为共发泡剂、填充剂、蒸气压力改质剂或出于任何其它目的者:
二氟甲烷(HFC-32);
五氟乙烷(HFC-125);
1,1,2,2-四氟乙烷(HFC-134);
1,1,1,2-四氟乙烷(HFC-134a);
二氟乙烷(HFC-152a);
1,1,1,2,3,3,3-七氟丙烷(HFC-227ea);
1,1,1,3,3,3-六氟丙烷(HFC-236fa);
1,1,1,3,3-五氟丙烷(HFC-245fa);
1,1,1,3,3-五氟丁烷(HFC-365mfc);
水;
CO2。
预期本发明的发泡剂组合物可包含顺HFO-1234ze、反HFO1234ze或其组合。在某些优选实施例中,本发明的发泡剂组合物包含顺:反重量比例为约1∶99至约10∶99且甚至更优选约1∶99至约5∶95的顺HFO-1234ze与反HFO-1234ze的组合。
在其它实施例中,本发明提供发泡组合物,且优选使用本发明的组合物制备的聚氨基甲酸酯、聚异三聚氰酸酯和挤压热塑性发泡组合物。在所述发泡体实施例中,发泡组合物中包括本发明组合物中的一种或一种以上作为发泡剂或其部分,如此项技术中已熟知,所述组合物优选包括一种或一种以上能够在形成发泡体或细胞结构的适当条件下反应和/或发泡的额外组份。本发明也是关于发泡体且优选封闭细胞发泡体,其皆是由含有包含本发明组合物的发泡剂的聚合物发泡体调配物所制备。在其它实施例中,本发明提供的发泡组合物包含热塑性或聚烯烃发泡体,诸如聚苯乙烯(PS)、聚乙烯(PE)、聚丙烯(PP)和聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)发泡体,优选低密度发泡体。
在某些优选实施例中,分散剂、细胞稳定剂、表面活性剂和其它添加剂也可以并入本发明的发泡剂组合物中。视情况但优选添加表面活性剂以将其用作细胞稳定剂。某些代表性材料是以DC-193、B-8404和L-5340的名称销售,所述材料通常为聚硅氧烷聚环氧烷嵌段共聚物,诸如美国专利第2,834,748号、第2,917,480号和第2,846,458号中所揭示的那些物质,所述专利的每一者都是以引用的方式并入本文中。发泡剂混合物中其它可选择的添加剂可包括阻燃剂,诸如磷酸三(2-氯乙基)酯、磷酸三(2-氯丙基)酯、磷酸三(2,3-二溴丙基)酯、磷酸三(1,3-二氯丙基)酯、磷酸二铵、多种经卤化芳族化合物、氧化锑、三水合铝、聚氯乙烯及其类似物。
推进剂和气雾剂组合物
另一方面,本发明提供包含本发明组合物或基本上由其组成的推进剂组合物,所述推进剂组合物优选可喷射组合物。本发明的推进剂组合物优选包含待喷射的材料,和包含根据本发明的组合物、基本上由其组成或由其组成的推进剂。可喷射混合物中也可以存在惰性成份、溶剂和其它材料。可喷射组合物优选气雾剂。待喷射的适当材料包括(不限于):化妆用材料,诸如除臭剂、香水、喷发剂、洗面乳和抛光剂;以及医药材料,诸如抗哮喘组份、防口臭组份和任何其它的药物或类似物,优选包括意欲吸入的任何其它药物或药剂。药物或其它治疗剂优选以治疗量存在于组合物中,且所述组合物的剩余部分中的相当大部分包含本发明的式I化合物,优选HFO-1234且甚至更优选HFO-1234ze。
工业、消费型或药用气雾剂产品通常含有一种或一种以上的推进剂连同一种或一种以上的活性成份、惰性成份或溶剂。推进剂提供使产品以雾化形式射出的力。尽管某些气雾剂产品是以类似二氧化碳、氮气、氧化氮及甚至空气的压缩气体推进,但大多数商业气雾剂使用液化气体推进剂。最常用的液化气体推进剂为烃,诸如丁烷、异丁烷和丙烷。也使用单独或与烃推进剂掺合的二甲醚和HFC-152a(1,1-二氟乙烷)。不幸的是,所有所述液化气体推进剂都高度易燃,且将其并入气雾剂的调配物中通常将产生易燃的气雾剂产物。
申请者已不始意识到持续需要用于调配气雾剂产物的不易燃、液化气体推进剂。本发明提供本发明的组合物,尤其且优选包含HFO-1234的组合物,且甚至更优选HFO-1234ze,其用于包括(例如)喷雾清洁剂、润滑剂及其类似物的某些工业气雾剂产品和包括(例如)将药物传递至肺部或粘膜的药用气雾剂中。此类实例包括定剂量吸入剂(MDI),其用于治疗哮喘和其它慢性阻塞性肺病并用于将约物传递至可达到的粘膜或鼻内。因此,本发明包括用于治疗有机体(诸如人类或动物)的小病、疾病和类似的健康相关问题的方法,所述方法包含将含有药物或其它治疗组份的本发明组合物应用于需要治疗的有机体。在某些优选实施例中,应用本发明组合物的步骤包含提供含有本发明的组合物的MDI(例如将所述组合物引入MDI中),及随后自所述MDI排出本发明组合物。
本发明的组合物、尤其包含HFO-1234ze或基本上由其组成的组合物能够提供大体上不会促进全球变暖的不易燃、液化气体推进剂和气雾剂。本发明组合物可用于调配多种工业气雾剂或其它可喷射组合物,诸如接点清洁剂、除尘剂、润滑剂喷雾和类似物;和消费型气雾剂,诸如个人护理产品、家用产品和汽车产品。尤其优选将HFO-1234ze用作用于诸如定剂量吸入剂的药用气雾剂中的推进剂组合物的重要组份。在许多应用中,除式(I)或(II)的化合物(优选HFO-1234ze)外,本发明的药用气雾剂和/或推进剂和/或可喷射组合物也包括一种药物,诸如β-促效剂、皮质类固醇或其它药物;和视情况存在的其它成份,诸如表面活性剂、溶剂、其它推进剂、调味剂和其它赋形剂。与先前用于所述应用中的许多组合物不同,本发明的组合物具有良好的环境特性,且不应被视为引起全球变暖的潜在促进者。因此,在某些优选实施例中,本发明组合物提供具有极低全球变暖潜能的大体上不易燃、液化气体推进剂。
调味剂和芳香剂
当本发明的组合物用作调味剂调配物和芳香剂调配物载体的部分且尤其用作其载体时,其也提供优势。出于此H的,通过一测试程序证实本发明组合物的适用性,在所述测试程序中,将0.39克茉莉酮(Jasmone)放于厚壁玻璃管中。将1.73克R-1234ze添加至所述玻璃管中。随后冷冻并密封所述管。解冻所述管后,发现混合物具有一液相。溶液中含有20重量%茉莉酮和80重量%R-1234ze,因此确定其有利于用作气雾剂和其它调配物中的调味剂调配物传递系统的载体或所述传递系统的部分。也确定其作为芳香剂(包括来自植物的芳香剂)的提取剂的潜能。
方法和系统
本发明的组合物可与多种方法和系统结合使用,包括作为传热方法和系统中的传热流体,诸如致冷、空气调节和热泵系统中所使用的致冷剂。本发明组合物也有利于用于产生气雾剂的系统和方法中,在所述系统和方法中优选包含气雾剂推进剂或由气雾剂推进剂组成。在本发明的某些方面中也包括形成发泡体的方法和灭火与扑灭火灾的方法。在某些方面中,本发明也提供将残余物自物件中移除的方法,在所述物件中本发明组合物用作所述方法和系统中的溶剂组合物。
传热方法
优选的传热方法通常包含提供本发明的组合物,和将热传送至所述组合物或自所述组合物传送热以改变所述组合物的相。举例而言,本发明方法通过自流体或物件吸收热,优选通过蒸发待冷却物体或流体邻近处的本发明致冷剂组合物以产生包含本发明组合物的蒸气来提供冷却。所述方法优选包括另一步骤,亦即通常用压缩机或类似设备来压缩致冷剂蒸气以在相对高的压力下产生本发明组合物的蒸气。一般而言,压缩蒸气的步骤致使蒸气热量增加,由此使相对高压的蒸气的温度增加。本发明方法优选包括自此相对高温、高压的蒸气中移除至少一部分通过蒸发和压缩步骤所添加的热。热移除步骤优选包括在冷凝高温、高压蒸气的同时,使所述蒸气在相对高压的条件下以产生包含本发明组合物的相对高压的液体。接着,使此相对高压的液体在产生相对低温、低压液体的压力下经历标称等焓降低。在所述实施例中,此降低温度的致冷剂液体接着通过自待冷却的物体或流体传送热而汽化。
在本发明的另一方法实施例中,本发明的组合物可用于一种用于产生加热的方法中,所述方法包含冷凝包含待加热液体或物体邻近处的组合物的致冷剂。如上文所提及的所述方法通常为上述致冷循环的逆循环。
发泡方法
本发明的一实施例是关于形成发泡体且优选聚氨基甲酸酯和聚异三聚氰酸酯发泡体的方法。如此项技术中所熟知,所述方法通常包含提供本发明的发泡剂组合物,将所述发泡剂组合物(直接或间接)添加至发泡组合物中,及在有效形成发泡体或细胞结构的条件下使所述发泡组合物反应。此项技术中熟知的任何方法都可根据本发明的发泡体实施例使用或适用于根据所述实施例使用,诸如“Polyurethanes Chemistry and Technology”,第I和II卷,Saunders和Frisch,1962,John Wiley and Sons,New York,NY中所述的那些方法,所述文献以引用的方式并入本文中。总的说来,所述优选方法包含通过组合异氰酸酯、多元醇或多元醇混合物、包含本发明组合物中的一种或一种以上的发泡剂或发泡剂混合物和诸如催化剂、表面活性剂的其它材料及视情况存在的阻燃剂、着色剂或其它添加剂来制备聚氨基甲酸酯或聚异三聚氰酸酯发泡体。
在许多应用中,便于将聚氨基甲酸酯或聚异三聚氰酸酯的组份提供于经预掺合的调配物中。最一般地,将所述发泡体调配物预掺合于两种组份中。异氰酸酯和视情况某些表面活性剂和发泡剂包含第一组份,其通常称为“A”组份。多元醇或多元醇混合物、表面活性剂、催化剂、发泡剂、阻燃剂和其它异氰酸酯反应性组份包含第二组份,通常称为“B”组份。因此,通过手工混合(用于少量制备)且优选机械混合技术使A和B副组份集合在一起以形成块状体、扁块、层状物、灌注面板和其它物件、喷射涂覆发泡体、泡沫和类似物,从而易于制备聚氨基甲酸酯或聚异三聚氰酸酯发泡体。视情况,可将诸如阻燃剂、着色剂、辅助发泡剂和甚至其它多元醇的其它成份作为第三物流添加至混合头或反应位点。然而,最优选将其都并入如上所述的一种B组份中。
也可能使用本发明的组合物制造热塑性发泡体。举例而言,可以用制造刚性发泡体的习知方式使习知聚苯乙烯和聚乙烯调配物与所述组合物组合。
清洗方法
本发明也提供通过将本发明的组合物涂覆于物件上而将污染物自产物、零件、组件、衬底或任何其它物件或其部分上移除的方法。出于便利的目的,本文使用的术语“物件”指所有所述产物、零件、组件、衬底及其类似物,且其意欲另外指任何表面或其部分。此外,术语“污染物”意欲指所述物件上所存在的任何不必要的材料或物质,即使所述物质是有意放置于所述物件上。例如,在半导体装置的制造中,通常将光叭材料沉积于一衬底上以形成一用于蚀刻操作的掩模,且随后将所述光阻材料自所述衬底上移除。如本文所使用的术语“污染物”意欲包括且涵盖此类光阻材料。
本发明的优选方法包含将本发明组合物涂覆于所述物件上。尽管预期多种且不同的清洗技术可使用本发明的组合物实现良好的益处,但结合超临界消洗技术使用本发明组合物据认为尤其有益。超临界清洗已在美国专利第6,589,355号中得以揭示,所述专利已让渡于本发明的受让人且以引用的方式并入本文。对于超临界清洗应用而言,在某些实施例中,本发明清洗组合物中除HFO-1234(优选HFO-1234ze)外优选还包括一种或一种以上额外组份,诸如CO2和已知与超临界清洗应用结合使用的其它额外组份。在某些实施例中也可能且需要结合特殊的蒸气去油和溶剂清洗方法使用本发明清洗组合物。
降低易燃性的方法
根据某些其它优选实施例,本发明提供用于降低流体易燃性的方法,所述方法包含将本发明的化合物或组合物添加至所述流体中。可根据本发明降低与各种其它易燃流体中的任一种有关的易燃性。举例而言,可根据本发明降低与流体有关的易燃性,所述流体诸如环氧乙烷、易燃氢氟碳化物和烃,其包括:HFC-152a、1,1,1-三氟乙烷(HFC-143a)、二氟甲烷(HFC-32)、丙烷、己烷、辛烷和类似物。出于本发明的目的,易燃流体可为当通过诸如ASTME-681和类似方法的任何标准习知测试方法测量时在空气中显示出易燃范围的任何流体。
可添加任何适当量的本发明化合物或组合物以降低根据本发明的流体的易燃性。所属领域技术人员将认识到,所添加的量将至少部分视所述流体易燃的程度和需要降低其易燃性的程度而定。在某些优选实施例中,易燃流体中所添加的化合物或组合物的量对于使所得流体大体上不易燃有效。
抑制火焰的方法
本发明另外提供抑制火焰的方法,所述方法包含使火焰与包含本发明的化合物或组合物的流体接触。使火焰与本发明组合物接触的任何适当的方法都可以使用。例如,可将本发明的组合物喷射、倾倒和使用类似方法置于火焰上,或可将至少一部分火焰浸入所述组合物中。根据本文的教示,所属领域技术人员将能够易于调适本发明中使用的多种抑制火焰的习知仪器和方法。
灭菌方法
出于健康和安全(诸如患者和医护人员的健康和安全)原因考虑,许多物件、装置和材料(尤其用于医药领域)在使用之前都必须灭菌。本发明提供灭菌的方法,所述方法包含使待灭菌的物件、装置或材料和与一种或一种以上灭菌剂组合的本发明化合物或组合物接触,所述化合物或组合物包含式I的化合物、优选HFO-1234且甚至更优选HFO-1234ze。尽管此项技术中已知许多灭菌剂且认为其都适于与本发明结合使用,但在某些优选实施例中,灭菌剂包含环氧乙烷、甲醛、过氧化氢、二氧化氯、臭氧和所述物质的组合。在某些实施例中,环氧乙烷是优选的灭菌剂。鉴于本文所含有的教示,所属领域技术人员将能够易于确定待与本发明灭菌组合物和方法结合使用的灭菌剂与本发明化合物的相对比例,且所有所述范围都在其广泛范畴内。如所属领域技术人员已知,诸如环氧乙烷的某些灭菌剂是相对易燃的组份,而且本发明组合物中包括有效量的根据本发明的化合物以及所述组合物中所存在的其它组份,以使所述灭菌组合物的易燃性降低至可接受的程度。
本发明的灭菌方法可为高温或低温灭菌。本发明的灭菌方法涉及在约250°F至约270°F的温度下优选在大体上密封的室内使用本发明的化合物或组合物。所述方法通常可在不足约2小时内完成。然而,诸如塑料物件和电子组件的某些物件无法经受所述高温,且需要低温灭菌。在低温灭菌方法中,在约室温至约200°F的温度下,更优选在约室温至约100°F的温度下,使待灭菌的物件暴露于包含本发明组合物的流体中。
本发明的低温灭菌优选是在大体上密封、优选具有气密性的室中进行的至少两步骤的方法。在第一步骤(灭菌步骤)中,将已经清洗且包装于透气袋中的物件放置于所述室中。接着,通过抽真空且可能通过用蒸汽置换空气而将空气自所述室中排空。在某些实施例中,优选将蒸汽注入所述室中以达成优选处于约30%至约70%范围内的相对湿度。所述湿度可使灭菌剂的灭菌效能最大化,所述灭菌剂是在达成所需相对湿度后引入所述室中。在一段足以使灭菌剂渗透包装并达到物件空隙的时间后,将灭菌剂和蒸汽自所述室中排出。
在所述方法的优选第二步骤(通风步骤)中,使所述物件通风以移除灭菌剂残余物。移除所述残余物在有毒灭菌剂的情况下尤其重要,尽管在使用本发明的大体上无毒化合物的那些情况下其具有可选性。典型的通风方法包括空气洗涤、持续通风和两种方法的组合。空气洗涤是一种分批方法且通常包含在相对短时间内(例如12分钟)排空所述室,以及接着在大气压或更高压力下将空气引入所述室中。重复此循环多次,直至达成所需移除灭菌剂。连续通风通常涉及通过所述室一侧的入口引入空气,以及随后通过在所述室的另一侧的出口处施加少量真空将其由出口处抽出。通常,组合两种方法。举例而言,常用方法涉及进行空气洗涤且随后进行通风循环。
实例
出于描述本发明但非限制其范畴的目的,提供下列实例。
实例1
效能系数(COP)是普遍接受的致冷剂效能度量,其尤其可用于表示在涉及蒸发或冷凝致冷剂的特定加热或冷却循环中致冷剂的相对热力学效率。在致冷工程设计中,此术语表示有用致冷与通过压缩机压缩蒸气所施加的能量的比率。致冷剂的容量表示其所提供的冷却或加热的量,并且提供压缩机在致冷剂的定体积流率下抽吸热量的能力的某种度量。换言之,给定一特殊压缩机,具有更高容量的致冷剂将传递更多的冷却或加热能量。一种在特定操作条件下评估致冷剂COP的方式是使用标准致冷循环分析技术根据致冷剂热力学特性进行评估(参看例如R.C.Downing,FLUOROCARBON REFRIGERANTS HANDBOOK,第3章,Prentice-Hall,1988)。
提供一种致冷/空气调节循环系统,其中在标称等熵压缩下,冷凝器温度为约150°F且蒸发器温度为约-35°F,且压缩机入口温度为约50°F。基于COP值为1.00、容量值为1.00且排出温度为175°F的HFC-134a,确定在冷凝器和蒸发器的温度范围内本发明的若干组合物的COP值,并将其报导于下表I中。
表I
致冷剂组合物 | 相对COP | 相对容量 | 排出温度(°F) |
HFO 1225ye | 1.02 | 0.76 | 158 |
HFO反-1234ze | 1.04 | 0.70 | 165 |
HFO顺-1234ze | 1.13 | 0.36 | 155 |
HFO 1234yf | 0.98 | 1.10 | 168 |
此实例表明某些与本发明组合物合用的优选化合物各自具有比HFC-134a更高的能效(与1.00比较为1.02、1.04和1.13),且使用本发明致冷剂组合物的压缩机将产生排出温度(与175比较为158、165和155),其由于此结果通常将可能导致维护问题减少而有益。
实例2
测试HFO-1225ye和HFO-1234ze及多种致冷润滑剂的可混溶性。所测试的润滑剂为矿物油(C3)、烷基苯(Zerol 150)、酯油(Mobil EAL 22cc和Solest 120)、聚烷二醇(PAG)油(用于134a系统的Goodwrench Refrigeration Oil)和聚(α-烯烃)油(CP-6005-100)。对于每一致冷剂/油组合而言,测试三种组合物,即5、20和50重量白分比的润滑剂,且各自的剩余部分为待测试的本发明化合物。
将润滑剂组合物放置于厚壁玻璃管中。排空所述管,添加根据本发明的致冷剂化合物,且随后将所述管密封。接着,将所述管放于空气浴环境室中,所述环境室中的温度在约-50℃至70℃之间变化。大致以10℃为间隔,目测观察管内容物以观察一种或一种以上液相的存在。在观察到一种以上液相的情况下,报导所述混合物不可混溶。在仅观察到一种液相的情况下,报导所述混合物可混溶。在观察到两种液相但所述液相之一仅占据极小体积的情况下,报导所述混合物可部分混溶。
判定聚烷二醇和酯油润滑剂在整个温度范围内以所有测试比例都可混溶,但HFO-1225ye与聚烷二醇的混合物例外,发现所述致冷剂混合物在-50℃至-30℃的温度范围内不可混溶且在-20℃至50℃的温度范围内可部分混溶。在致冷剂中PAG浓度为50重量百分比时且在60℃下,致冷剂/PAG混合物可混溶。在70℃下,致冷剂中润滑剂占5重量百分比至致冷剂中润滑剂占50重量百分比时,其可混溶。
实例3
在350℃下,测试当与致冷系统和空气调节系统中所使用的金属接触时,本发明的致冷剂化合物和组合物与PAG润滑油的相容性,表示条件比在许多致冷和空气调节应用中所发现的条件更苛刻。
将铝、铜和钢制挂片添加至厚壁玻璃管中。将两克油添加至所述管中。随后,排空所述管并添加一克致冷剂。将所述管放于烘箱中在350°F下历时一周,并进行目测观察。在暴露期后期,移除所述管。
对油与本发明化合物的下述组合执行此程序。
a)HFO-1234ze和GM Goodwrench PAG油
b)HFO1243zf和GM Goodwrench油PAG油
c)HFO-1234ze和MOPAR-56PAG油
d)HFO-1243zf和MOPAR-56PAG油
e)HFO-1225ye和MOPAR-56PAG油。
在所有情况下,管中内容物的外观都存在极小改变。此表明当与致冷和空气调节系统中所发现的铝、钢和铜及可能包括于所述组合物中或与所述类型系统中的所述组合物合用的所述类型的润滑油接触时,本发明的致冷剂化合物和组合物都稳定。
比较实例
如实例3中所述,将铝、铜和钢制挂片与矿物油和CFC-12一起添加至厚壁玻璃管中,并在350℃下加热一周。在暴露期后期,移除所述管并进行目测观察。观察到液体内容物变黑,表明管中内容剧烈分解。
CFC-12和矿物油至今已在许多致冷剂系统和方法中成为所选组合。因此,本发明的致冷剂化合物和组合物及许多常用的润滑油比广泛用于先前技术中的致冷剂-润滑油组合具有显著更高的稳定性。
实例4-多元醇发泡体
此实例描述根据本发明的一个优选实施例的发泡剂的用途,即HFO-1234ze的用途,以及根据本发明的多元醇发泡体的制造。多元醇发泡体调配物的组份是根据下表制备:
异氰酸酯
M-20S 123.8,指数1.10
*Voranol 490是一种基于蔗糖的多元醇且Voranol 391是一种基于甲苯二胺的多元醇,且其各自来自Dow Chemical。B-8462是一种购自Degussa-Goldschmidt的表面活性剂。Polycat催化剂是基于叔胺且购自Air Products。异氰酸酯M-20S是Bayer LLC的产品。
发泡体是通过首先混合其成份但不添加发泡剂米制备。将两个费歇尔-波特(Fisher-Porter)管中各填充约52.6克多元醇混合物(无发泡剂)并密封,且将其放置于冰箱中冷却并形成微真空。使用气体量管,将约17.4克HFO-1234ze添加至每一管中,且随后将所述管放置于超产波浴中的温水中,并使其静置30分钟。所产生的溶液浑浊,室温下蒸气压测量指示蒸气压为约70psig,表明溶液中并无发泡剂。接着,将所述管放置于冷冻器中,在27F下历时2小时。再次测量蒸气压,并发现其为14-psig。将约87.9克的异氰酸酯混合物放置于金属容器中,并放置于冰箱中,且使其冷却至约50°F。接着,打不多元醇管并将其称至金属混合容器中(使用约100克多元醇掺合物)。然后,将来自经冷却的金属容器的异氰酸酯迅速倾入多元醇中,并用具有双重推进器的空气混合器以3000RPM混合10秒。通过搅动使掺合物迅速产生泡沫,且随后将其倾入8×8×4英寸的盒子中,并使其发泡。由于泡沫,无法测量乳化时间。发泡体具有4分针凝胶时间及5分钟消粘时间。接着,使发泡体在室温下固化两天。然后,将发泡体切割成适于测量物理特性的样品,并发现其具有2.14pcf的密度。测量K-因子,并发现如下:
实例5-聚苯乙烯发泡体
此实例描述根据本发明的两个优选实施例的发泡剂的用途,即HFO-1234ze和HFO-1234-yf的用途,以及聚苯乙烯发泡体的制造。已确立测试仪器和方案来作为对确定特定发泡剂和聚合物是否能够制造发泡体和发泡体品质的辅助。在一容器中组合经研磨的聚合物(Dow聚苯乙烯685D)和基本上由HFO-1234ze组成的发泡剂。所述容器的草图描述于下。容器体积为200cm3且其是由两个管凸缘以及一个4英寸长的2英寸直径标准40号(schedule 40)不锈钢管的截面制成(参看图1)。将容器放置于烘箱中,并将温度设定为约190°F至约285°F,对于聚苯乙烯而言优选265°F,且保持在此温度下直至达到温度平衡为止。
接着,释放所述容器中的压力,快速制造发泡体聚合物。当发泡剂溶解于聚合物中时,发泡剂使所述聚合物增塑。表1中提供使用此方法由此制造的两种发泡体的所得密度且在图1中图解为使用反-HFO-1234ze和HFO-1234yf所制造的发泡体的密度。数据表明可根据本发明获得发泡体聚苯乙烯。R1234ze与聚苯乙烯的模温为约250°F。
表1
本发明可以包括以下实施方案:
1.一种传热组合物,其包含:
(a)至少一种式I的氟代烯:
XCFzR3-z (I)
其中X为C2或C3不饱和、经取代或未经取代烷基;R独立地为Cl、F、Br、I或H;且z为1至3,
所述组合物具有不高于约1000的全球变暖潜能(GWP)。
2.根据方案1所述的传热组合物,其中所述至少一种氟代烯是式II的化合物:
其中各R独立为Cl、F、Br、I或H;
R′为(CR2)nY;
Y为CRF2;
且n为0或1。
3.根据方案1所述的传热组合物,其中所述至少一种氟代烯包含至少一种四氟丙烯(HFO-1234)。
4.根据方案3所述的传热组合物,其中所述至少一种HFO-1234包含HFO-1234yf。
5.根据方案3所述的传热组合物,其中所述至少一种HFO-1234包含HFO-1234ze。
6.根据方案2所述的传热组合物,其包含至少约50重量%的所述式II的组合物。
7.根据方案2所述的传热组合物,其中所述至少一种氟代烯包含至少一种四氟丙烯(HFO-1234)。
8.根据方案7所述的传热组合物,其中所述至少一种HFO-1234包含HFO-1234yf。
9.根据方案7所述的传热组合物,其中所述至少一种HFO-1234基本上由HFO-1234yf组成。
10.根据方案7所述的传热组合物,其中所述至少一种HFO-1234包含HFO-1234ze。
11.根据方案7所述的传热组合物,其包含约5重量%至约99重量%的HFO-1234。
12.根据方案7所述的传热组合物,其包含约5重量%至约95重量%的HFO-1234。
13.根据方案12所述的传热组合物,其中所述HFO-1234是选自由HFO-1234yf、HFO-1234ze和所述物质的组合组成的群组。
14.根据方案13所述的传热组合物,其中所述HFO-1234包含顺:反重量比为约1∶99至约10∶99的反HFO-1234和顺HFO-1234ze。
15.根据方案1所述的传热组合物,其包含大于约痕量至小于约100重量%的所述式I的组合物。
16.根据方案15所述的传热组合物,其包含约5重量%至约95重量%的HFO-1234yf。
17.根据方案15所述的传热组合物,其包含约5重量%至约95重量%的HFO-1234ze。
18.根据方案17所述的传热组合物,其中所述HFO-1234ze包含至少约90重量%的反-1,3,3,3-四氟丙烯(反HFO-1234ze)。
19.根据方案1所述的传热组合物,其另外包含一种或一种以上选自由下列各物组成的群组的化合物:二氟甲烷(HFC-32)、五氟乙烷(HFC-125)、1,1,2,2-四氟乙烷(HFC-134)、1,1,1,2-四氟乙烷(HFC-134a)、二氟乙烷(HFC-152a)、1,1,1,2,3,3,3-七氟丙烷(HFC-227ea)、1,1,1,3,3,3-六氟丙烷(HFC-236fa)、1,1,1,3,3-五氟丙烷(HFC-245fa)、1,1,1,3,3-五氟丁烷(HFC-365mfc)、水、CO2和所述物质中的两者或两者以上的组合。
20.根据方案1所述的传热组合物,其另外包含一种或一种以上润滑剂。
21.根据方案1所述的传热组合物,其另外包含其量占所述传热组合物的约30重量白分比至约50重量百分比的一种或一种以上润滑剂。
22.根据方案1所述的传热组合物,其另外包含一种或一种以上火焰抑制剂。
23.根据方案1所述的传热组合物,其另外包含其量占所述传热组合物的约0.5重量%至约5重量%的一种或一种以上火焰抑制剂。
24.根据方案1所述的传热组合物,其中所述火焰抑制剂包含CF3I。
25.一种替换致冷剂系统中所含有的现存致冷剂的方法,其包含自所述系统中替换所述现存致冷剂中的至少一部分,以及通过将包含至少一种式I的氟代烯的致冷剂组合物引入所述系统中来替换所述现存致冷剂中的至少一部分:
XCFzR3-z (I)
其中X为C2或C3不饱和、经取代或未经取代烷基;R独立地为Cl、F、Br、I或H;且z为1至3。
26.根据方案25所述的方法,其中所述现存致冷剂包含HFC-134a。
27.根据方案25所述的方法,其中所述现存致冷剂包含R-12。
28.根据方案25所述的方法,其中所述现存致冷剂包含R-500。
29.根据方案25所述的方法,其中所述现存致冷剂系统包含至少一相对大的容积式压缩机。
30.根据方案25所述的方法,其中所述现存致冷剂系统是用于商用空气调节系统中的冷却器系统。
31.根据方案25所述的方法,其中所述现存致冷剂系统是用于家用空气调节系统中的冷却器系统。
32.根据方案25所述的方法,其中所述致冷剂具有不大于约1000的全球变暖潜能(GWP)。
33.根据方案25所述的方法,其中所述致冷剂包含约5重量%至约95重量%的HFO-1234ze。
34.根据方案25所述的方法,其中所述致冷剂包含约5重量%至约95重量%的HFO-1234yf。
35.根据方案34所述的方法,其中所述现存致冷剂系统是用于商用空气调节系统中的冷却器系统。
36.一种将热传送至流体或物体或自流体或物体传送热的方法,其包含使所述流体或物体与包含式I的氟代烯的组合物接触:
XCFzR3-z (I)
其中X为C2或C3不饱和、经取代或未经取代烷基;各R独立为Cl、F、Br、I或H;且z为1至3,所述组合物具有不大于1000的全球变暖潜能(GWP)。
37.根据方案36所述的方法,其中所述组合物具有不大于约500的GWP。
38.根据方案36所述的方法,其中所述式I的氟代烯包含HFO-1234yf。
39.根据方案36所述的方法,其中所述式I的氟代烯包含HFO-1234ze。
40.根据方案36所述的方法,其中所述接触步骤包含使所述组合物在汽车空气调节系统中循环。
41.根据方案36所述的方法,其中所述接触步骤包含使所述组合物在商用致冷系统中循环。
42.根据方案36所述的方法,其中所述接触步骤包含使所述组合物在冷却器中循环。
43.根据方案36所述的方法,其中所述接触步骤包含使所述组合物在家用冰箱和冷冻器中循环。
44.根据方案36所述的方法,其中所述接触步骤包含使所述组合物在热泵中循环。
45.一种发泡组合物,其包含发泡聚合物或预聚物和包含至少一种式I的氟代烯的发泡剂:
XCFzR3-z (I)
其中X为C2或C3不饱和、经取代或未经取代烷基;R独立地为Cl、F、Br、I或H;且z为1至3,所述发泡剂具有不大于约1000的全球变暖潜能(GWP)。
46.一种发泡体,其由根据方案45所述的发泡组合物制成。
47.一种发泡体预混组合物,其包含聚合物或预聚物和包含至少一种式I的氟代烯的发泡剂:
XCFzR3-z (I)
其中X为C2或C3不饱和、经取代或未经取代烷基;各R独立为Cl、F、Br、I或H;且z为1至3。
48.根据方案47所述的发泡体预混组合物,其具有不大于约1000的全球变暖潜能(GWP)。
49.根据方案48所述的发泡体预混物,其另外包含火焰抑制剂。
50.一种组合物,其包含:
(a)至少一种式I的氟代烯:
XCFzR3-z (I)
其中X为C2或C3不饱和、经取代或未经取代烷基;各R独立为Cl、F、Br、I或H;且z为1至3;及
(b)至少一种佐剂,其是选自由多元醇预混物组份、调味剂、芳香剂和所述物质中的两种或两种以上的组合组成的群组。
51.根据方案50所述的组合物,其具有不大于约1000的全球变暖潜能(GWP)。
52.一种推进剂组合物,其包含至少一种式I的氟代烯:
XCFzR3-z (I)
其中X为C2或C3不饱和、经取代或未经取代烷基;R独立地为Cl、F、Br、I或H;且z为1至3,所述组合物具有不大于约1000的全球变暖潜能(GWP)。
53.一种发泡剂,其包含至少一种式I的氟代烯:
XCFzR3-z (I)
其中X为C2或C3不饱和、经取代或未经取代烷基;R独立地为Cl、F、Br、I或H;且z为1至3,且所述发泡剂具有不大于约1000的全球变暖潜能(GWP)。
54.根据方案53所述的发泡剂,其另外包含火焰抑制剂。
55.一种自植物中提取调味剂或芳香剂化合物的方法,其包含使所述植物与包含至少一种式I的氟代烯的提取剂接触:
XCFzR3-z (I)
其中X为C2或C3不饱和、经取代或未经取代烷基;R独立地为Cl、F、Br、I或H;且z为1至3。
56.根据方案55所述的方法,其中所述提取剂包含HFO-1234。
57.根据方案55所述的方法,其中所述提取剂包含HFO-1234ze。
58.根据方案1所述的传热组合物,其具有不大于约0.05的臭氧损耗潜势(ODP)。
59.根据方案1所述的传热组合物,其具有不大于约0.02的臭氧损耗潜势(ODP)。
60.根据方案1所述的传热组合物,其具有约为零的臭氧损耗潜势(ODP)。
61.根据方案1所述的组合物,其另外包含相容剂。
62.根据方案62所述的组合物,其中所述相容剂是以占所述组合物的约0.5重量白分比至约5重量百分比的量存在。
63.一种超临界清洗方法,其包含使待清洗的物件与根据方案1所述的组合物接触。
64.根据方案64所述的超临界清洗方法,其中根据方案1所述的组合物另外包含CO2。
Claims (10)
1.一种传热组合物,其包含:
(a)至少一种式I的氟代烯:
XCFzR3-z (I)
其中X为C2或C3不饱和、经取代或未经取代烷基;R独立地为Cl、F、Br、I或H;且z为1至3,
所述组合物具有不高于约1000的全球变暖潜能(GWP)。
2.一种替换致冷剂系统中所含有的现存致冷剂的方法,其包含自所述系统中替换所述现存致冷剂中的至少一部分,以及通过将包含至少一种式I的氟代烯的致冷剂组合物引入所述系统中来替换所述现存致冷剂中的至少一部分:
XCFzR3-z (I)
其中X为C2或C3不饱和、经取代或未经取代烷基;R独立地为Cl、F、Br、I或H;且z为1至3。
3.一种将热传送至流体或物体或自流体或物体传送热的方法,其包含使所述流体或物体与包含式I的氟代烯的组合物接触:
XCFzR3-z (I)
其中X为C2或C3不饱和、经取代或未经取代烷基;各R独立为Cl、F、Br、I或H;且z为1至3,所述组合物具有不大于1000的全球变暖潜能(GWP)。
4.一种发泡组合物,其包含发泡聚合物或预聚物和包含至少一种式I的氟代烯的发泡剂:
XCFzR3-z (I)
其中X为C2或C3不饱和、经取代或未经取代烷基;R独立地为Cl、F、Br、I或H;且z为1至3,所述发泡剂具有不大于约1000的全球变暖潜能(GWP)。
5.一种发泡体,其由根据权利要求45所述的发泡组合物制成。
6.一种发泡体预混组合物,其包含聚合物或预聚物和包含至少一种式I的氟代烯的发泡剂:
XCFzR3-z (I)
其中X为C2或C3不饱和、经取代或未经取代烷基;各R独立为Cl、F、Br、I或H;且z为1至3。
7.一种组合物,其包含:
(a)至少一种式I的氟代烯:
XCFzR3-z (I)
其中X为C2或C3不饱和、经取代或未经取代烷基;各R独立为Cl、F、Br、I或H;且z为1至3;及
(b)至少一种佐剂,其是选自由多元醇预混物组份、调味剂、芳香剂和所述物质中的两种或两种以上的组合组成的群组。
8.一种推进剂组合物,其包含至少一种式I的氟代烯:
XCFzR3-z (I)
其中X为C2或C3不饱和、经取代或未经取代烷基;R独立地为Cl、F、Br、I或H;且z为1至3,所述组合物具有不大于约1000的全球变暖潜能(GWP)。
9.一种发泡剂,其包含至少一种式I的氟代烯:
XCFzR3-z (I)
其中X为C2或C3不饱和、经取代或未经取代烷基;R独立地为Cl、F、Br、I或H;且z为1至3,且所述发泡剂具有不大于约1000的全球变暖潜能(GWP)。
10.一种自植物中提取调味剂或芳香剂化合物的方法,其包含使所述植物与包含至少一种式I的氟代烯的提取剂接触:
XCFzR3-z (I)
其中X为C2或C3不饱和、经取代或未经取代烷基;R独立地为Cl、F、Br、I或H;且z为1至3。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/837525 | 2004-04-29 | ||
US10/837,525 US7279451B2 (en) | 2002-10-25 | 2004-04-29 | Compositions containing fluorine substituted olefins |
CN200580013536.6A CN101014680B (zh) | 2004-04-29 | 2005-04-29 | 含有经氟取代的烯烃的组合物 |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN200580013536.6A Division CN101014680B (zh) | 2004-04-29 | 2005-04-29 | 含有经氟取代的烯烃的组合物 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN108913098A true CN108913098A (zh) | 2018-11-30 |
Family
ID=34968385
Family Applications (22)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201410381845.XA Active CN104178089B (zh) | 2004-04-29 | 2005-04-29 | 含有经氟取代的烯烃的组合物 |
CN201810610647.4A Pending CN108913098A (zh) | 2004-04-29 | 2005-04-29 | 含有经氟取代的烯烃的组合物 |
CN201610116812.1A Active CN105885800B (zh) | 2004-04-29 | 2005-04-29 | 含有经氟取代的烯烃的组合物 |
CN201410381397.3A Active CN104164216B (zh) | 2004-04-29 | 2005-04-29 | 含有经氟取代的烯烃的组合物 |
CN201711272871.9A Active CN107974239B (zh) | 2004-04-29 | 2005-04-29 | 含有经氟取代的烯烃的组合物 |
CN201410381395.4A Active CN104194726B (zh) | 2004-04-29 | 2005-04-29 | 含有经氟取代的烯烃的组合物 |
CN201711255460.9A Active CN107828383B (zh) | 2004-04-29 | 2005-04-29 | 含有经氟取代的烯烃的组合物 |
CN201410381425.1A Active CN104164217B (zh) | 2004-04-29 | 2005-04-29 | 含有经氟取代的烯烃的组合物 |
CN201610116733.0A Pending CN105907375A (zh) | 2004-04-29 | 2005-04-29 | 含有经氟取代的烯烃的组合物 |
CN201711255631.8A Pending CN107936926A (zh) | 2004-04-29 | 2005-04-29 | 含有经氟取代的烯烃的组合物 |
CN201810610644.0A Pending CN108676548A (zh) | 2004-04-29 | 2005-04-29 | 含有经氟取代的烯烃的组合物 |
CN201410381419.6A Pending CN104194727A (zh) | 2004-04-29 | 2005-04-29 | 含有经氟取代的烯烃的组合物 |
CN201410381421.3A Pending CN104194728A (zh) | 2004-04-29 | 2005-04-29 | 含有经氟取代的烯烃的组合物 |
CN201410344522.3A Active CN104164215B (zh) | 2004-04-29 | 2005-04-29 | 含有经氟取代的烯烃的组合物 |
CN201210530088.9A Ceased CN103146348B (zh) | 2004-04-29 | 2005-04-29 | 含有经氟取代的烯烃的组合物 |
CN202110380033.3A Pending CN113105870A (zh) | 2004-04-29 | 2005-04-29 | 含有经氟取代的烯烃的组合物 |
CN202211636053.3A Pending CN115926750A (zh) | 2004-04-29 | 2005-04-29 | 含有经氟取代的烯烃的组合物 |
CN201410381447.8A Active CN104194729B (zh) | 2004-04-29 | 2005-04-29 | 含有经氟取代的烯烃的组合物 |
CN201710572726.6A Pending CN107286912A (zh) | 2004-04-29 | 2005-04-29 | 含有经氟取代的烯烃的组合物 |
CN200580013536.6A Active CN101014680B (zh) | 2004-04-29 | 2005-04-29 | 含有经氟取代的烯烃的组合物 |
CN201410381855.3A Pending CN104178090A (zh) | 2004-04-29 | 2005-04-29 | 含有经氟取代的烯烃的组合物 |
CN201610116772.0A Active CN105885799B (zh) | 2004-04-29 | 2005-04-29 | 含有经氟取代的烯烃的组合物 |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201410381845.XA Active CN104178089B (zh) | 2004-04-29 | 2005-04-29 | 含有经氟取代的烯烃的组合物 |
Family Applications After (20)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201610116812.1A Active CN105885800B (zh) | 2004-04-29 | 2005-04-29 | 含有经氟取代的烯烃的组合物 |
CN201410381397.3A Active CN104164216B (zh) | 2004-04-29 | 2005-04-29 | 含有经氟取代的烯烃的组合物 |
CN201711272871.9A Active CN107974239B (zh) | 2004-04-29 | 2005-04-29 | 含有经氟取代的烯烃的组合物 |
CN201410381395.4A Active CN104194726B (zh) | 2004-04-29 | 2005-04-29 | 含有经氟取代的烯烃的组合物 |
CN201711255460.9A Active CN107828383B (zh) | 2004-04-29 | 2005-04-29 | 含有经氟取代的烯烃的组合物 |
CN201410381425.1A Active CN104164217B (zh) | 2004-04-29 | 2005-04-29 | 含有经氟取代的烯烃的组合物 |
CN201610116733.0A Pending CN105907375A (zh) | 2004-04-29 | 2005-04-29 | 含有经氟取代的烯烃的组合物 |
CN201711255631.8A Pending CN107936926A (zh) | 2004-04-29 | 2005-04-29 | 含有经氟取代的烯烃的组合物 |
CN201810610644.0A Pending CN108676548A (zh) | 2004-04-29 | 2005-04-29 | 含有经氟取代的烯烃的组合物 |
CN201410381419.6A Pending CN104194727A (zh) | 2004-04-29 | 2005-04-29 | 含有经氟取代的烯烃的组合物 |
CN201410381421.3A Pending CN104194728A (zh) | 2004-04-29 | 2005-04-29 | 含有经氟取代的烯烃的组合物 |
CN201410344522.3A Active CN104164215B (zh) | 2004-04-29 | 2005-04-29 | 含有经氟取代的烯烃的组合物 |
CN201210530088.9A Ceased CN103146348B (zh) | 2004-04-29 | 2005-04-29 | 含有经氟取代的烯烃的组合物 |
CN202110380033.3A Pending CN113105870A (zh) | 2004-04-29 | 2005-04-29 | 含有经氟取代的烯烃的组合物 |
CN202211636053.3A Pending CN115926750A (zh) | 2004-04-29 | 2005-04-29 | 含有经氟取代的烯烃的组合物 |
CN201410381447.8A Active CN104194729B (zh) | 2004-04-29 | 2005-04-29 | 含有经氟取代的烯烃的组合物 |
CN201710572726.6A Pending CN107286912A (zh) | 2004-04-29 | 2005-04-29 | 含有经氟取代的烯烃的组合物 |
CN200580013536.6A Active CN101014680B (zh) | 2004-04-29 | 2005-04-29 | 含有经氟取代的烯烃的组合物 |
CN201410381855.3A Pending CN104178090A (zh) | 2004-04-29 | 2005-04-29 | 含有经氟取代的烯烃的组合物 |
CN201610116772.0A Active CN105885799B (zh) | 2004-04-29 | 2005-04-29 | 含有经氟取代的烯烃的组合物 |
Country Status (28)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (9) | US7279451B2 (zh) |
EP (17) | EP2277984A3 (zh) |
JP (17) | JP4571183B2 (zh) |
KR (3) | KR101389415B1 (zh) |
CN (22) | CN104178089B (zh) |
AR (2) | AR050327A1 (zh) |
AT (1) | ATE449148T1 (zh) |
AU (2) | AU2005238537A1 (zh) |
BR (1) | BRPI0508245A (zh) |
CA (4) | CA2826532C (zh) |
CY (2) | CY1121475T1 (zh) |
DE (2) | DE05744161T1 (zh) |
DK (7) | DK3498801T3 (zh) |
ES (9) | ES2702969T3 (zh) |
FI (1) | FI3498801T3 (zh) |
HU (5) | HUE045753T2 (zh) |
IL (4) | IL177743A (zh) |
LT (3) | LT2085422T (zh) |
MY (5) | MY137782A (zh) |
PL (8) | PL1716216T3 (zh) |
PT (8) | PT3498801T (zh) |
RU (3) | RU2435821C2 (zh) |
SG (4) | SG10201503338YA (zh) |
SI (6) | SI3498801T1 (zh) |
TR (2) | TR201902847T4 (zh) |
TW (6) | TWI655174B (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2005105947A2 (zh) |
ZA (1) | ZA200607176B (zh) |
Families Citing this family (287)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2007109748A2 (en) * | 2006-03-21 | 2007-09-27 | Honeywell International Inc. | Foaming agents containing fluorine substituted unsaturated olefins |
ES2728672T3 (es) * | 2002-10-25 | 2019-10-28 | Honeywell Int Inc | Composiciones que contienen olefinas sustituidas con flúor |
US9796848B2 (en) * | 2002-10-25 | 2017-10-24 | Honeywell International Inc. | Foaming agents and compositions containing fluorine substituted olefins and methods of foaming |
US20090253820A1 (en) * | 2006-03-21 | 2009-10-08 | Honeywell International Inc. | Foaming agents and compositions containing fluorine sustituted olefins and methods of foaming |
US7279451B2 (en) * | 2002-10-25 | 2007-10-09 | Honeywell International Inc. | Compositions containing fluorine substituted olefins |
US10011698B2 (en) * | 2002-10-25 | 2018-07-03 | Honeywell International Inc. | Foaming agents, foamable compositions, foams and articles containing fluorine substituted olefins, and methods of making same |
US8033120B2 (en) * | 2002-10-25 | 2011-10-11 | Honeywell International Inc. | Compositions and methods containing fluorine substituted olefins |
US9005467B2 (en) * | 2003-10-27 | 2015-04-14 | Honeywell International Inc. | Methods of replacing heat transfer fluids |
US20080292564A1 (en) * | 2002-10-25 | 2008-11-27 | Honeywell International, Inc. | Aerosol compositions containing fluorine substituted olefins and methods and systems using same |
US20040089839A1 (en) | 2002-10-25 | 2004-05-13 | Honeywell International, Inc. | Fluorinated alkene refrigerant compositions |
US9994750B2 (en) * | 2002-10-25 | 2018-06-12 | Honeywell International Inc. | Compositions containing fluorine substituted olefins and methods and systems using same |
US9181410B2 (en) * | 2002-10-25 | 2015-11-10 | Honeywell International Inc. | Systems for efficient heating and/or cooling and having low climate change impact |
US7524805B2 (en) * | 2004-04-29 | 2009-04-28 | Honeywell International Inc. | Azeotrope-like compositions of tetrafluoropropene and hydrofluorocarbons |
US9499729B2 (en) * | 2006-06-26 | 2016-11-22 | Honeywell International Inc. | Compositions and methods containing fluorine substituted olefins |
US9308199B2 (en) * | 2004-04-29 | 2016-04-12 | Honeywell International Inc. | Medicament formulations |
US7655610B2 (en) | 2004-04-29 | 2010-02-02 | Honeywell International Inc. | Blowing agent compositions comprising fluorinated olefins and carbon dioxide |
US9592412B2 (en) * | 2003-11-04 | 2017-03-14 | Honeywell International Inc. | Aerosol compositions containing fluorine substituted olefins and methods and systems using same |
US20060033072A1 (en) * | 2004-04-16 | 2006-02-16 | Honeywell International Inc. | Stabilized trifluoroiodomethane compositions |
AU2005236038B2 (en) † | 2004-04-16 | 2008-10-02 | Honeywell International Inc. | Azeotrope-like compositions of difluoromethane and trifluoroiodomethane |
US7605117B2 (en) * | 2004-04-16 | 2009-10-20 | Honeywell International Inc. | Methods of replacing refrigerant |
US7074751B2 (en) * | 2004-04-16 | 2006-07-11 | Honeywell International Inc. | Azeotrope-like compositions of tetrafluoropropene and trifluoroiodomethane |
US8008244B2 (en) * | 2004-04-29 | 2011-08-30 | Honeywell International Inc. | Compositions of tetrafluoropropene and hydrocarbons |
PT3461871T (pt) * | 2005-03-04 | 2021-03-09 | Chemours Co Fc Llc | Composições compreendendo trans hfc-1234ze e hfc-1234yf |
US20060243944A1 (en) * | 2005-03-04 | 2006-11-02 | Minor Barbara H | Compositions comprising a fluoroolefin |
CN110564372A (zh) * | 2005-03-04 | 2019-12-13 | 科慕埃弗西有限公司 | 包含氟代烯烃的组合物 |
US7569170B2 (en) * | 2005-03-04 | 2009-08-04 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Compositions comprising a fluoroolefin |
US20220389297A1 (en) * | 2005-03-04 | 2022-12-08 | The Chemours Company Fc, Llc | Compositions comprising a fluoroolefin |
CN101175479A (zh) * | 2005-03-16 | 2008-05-07 | 霍尼韦尔国际公司 | 药物递送制剂、装置和方法 |
JP4627045B2 (ja) * | 2005-04-27 | 2011-02-09 | セントラル硝子株式会社 | 金属製造保護ガス |
US8574451B2 (en) * | 2005-06-24 | 2013-11-05 | Honeywell International Inc. | Trans-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene for use in chiller applications |
AU2013203962A1 (en) * | 2005-06-24 | 2013-05-02 | Honeywell International Inc. | Compositions containing fluorine substituted olefins |
US8420706B2 (en) * | 2005-06-24 | 2013-04-16 | Honeywell International Inc. | Foaming agents, foamable compositions, foams and articles containing halogen substituted olefins, and methods of making same |
TWI626262B (zh) * | 2005-06-24 | 2018-06-11 | 哈尼威爾國際公司 | 發泡體及其產品 |
TWI645031B (zh) * | 2005-06-24 | 2018-12-21 | 哈尼威爾國際公司 | 含有經氟取代之烯烴之組合物及其用途 |
AU2011213796B2 (en) * | 2005-06-24 | 2012-09-27 | Honeywell International Inc. | Compositions containing fluorine substituted olefins |
US20070039635A1 (en) * | 2005-08-19 | 2007-02-22 | Honeywell International Inc. | Gas jet apparatus and method |
ES2745812T3 (es) | 2005-11-01 | 2020-03-03 | Chemours Co Fc Llc | Método de deposición de lubricantes fluorados |
US20070098646A1 (en) | 2005-11-01 | 2007-05-03 | Nappa Mario J | Aerosol propellants comprising unsaturated fluorocarbons |
US7708903B2 (en) | 2005-11-01 | 2010-05-04 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Compositions comprising fluoroolefins and uses thereof |
US20070100010A1 (en) * | 2005-11-01 | 2007-05-03 | Creazzo Joseph A | Blowing agents for forming foam comprising unsaturated fluorocarbons |
CN101300296B (zh) * | 2005-11-01 | 2013-10-30 | 纳幕尔杜邦公司 | 用于形成泡沫的包含不饱和氟碳化合物的发泡剂 |
CA2629356A1 (en) | 2005-11-10 | 2007-05-24 | Great Lakes Chemical Corporation | Compositions ,combustion prevention compositions, methods for preventing and/or extinguishing combustion, combustion prevention systems, and production processes |
US8188323B2 (en) * | 2006-01-13 | 2012-05-29 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Refrigerant compositions containing perfluoropolyethers |
RU2008133202A (ru) * | 2006-01-13 | 2010-02-20 | Е.И.Дюпон де Немур энд Компани (US) | Присадочные композиции к холодильным агентам, содержащие перфторполиэфиры |
US7759532B2 (en) | 2006-01-13 | 2010-07-20 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Refrigerant additive compositions containing perfluoropolyethers |
US20070210276A1 (en) * | 2006-03-10 | 2007-09-13 | Honeywell International Inc. | Method for generating pollution credits |
US20140336292A1 (en) * | 2006-03-21 | 2014-11-13 | Honeywell International Inc. | Foaming Agents And Compositions Containing Fluorine Substituted Olefins And Methods Of Foaming |
US9000061B2 (en) * | 2006-03-21 | 2015-04-07 | Honeywell International Inc. | Foams and articles made from foams containing 1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene (HFCO-1233zd) |
US9695267B2 (en) * | 2009-08-11 | 2017-07-04 | Honeywell International Inc. | Foams and foamable compositions containing halogenated olefin blowing agents |
US8974688B2 (en) | 2009-07-29 | 2015-03-10 | Honeywell International Inc. | Compositions and methods for refrigeration |
WO2008002500A1 (en) * | 2006-06-27 | 2008-01-03 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Tetrafluoropropene production processes |
ES2539939T3 (es) | 2006-06-27 | 2015-07-07 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Procedimientos de producción de 1,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropeno |
US8377327B2 (en) | 2006-06-27 | 2013-02-19 | E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Tetrafluoropropene production processes |
US20080000647A1 (en) * | 2006-07-03 | 2008-01-03 | Honeywell International Inc. | Non-Ferrous Metal Cover Gases |
US20090053210A1 (en) * | 2006-09-01 | 2009-02-26 | Roland Buelow | Enhanced expression of human or humanized immunoglobulin in non-human transgenic animals |
WO2008027513A2 (en) * | 2006-09-01 | 2008-03-06 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Aryl-alkyl ether, polyoxyalkylated aromatic, and alkylated aromatic stabilizers for fluoroolefins |
BRPI0714896A2 (pt) * | 2006-09-01 | 2013-05-21 | Du Pont | mÉtodo para o fornecer o transporte |
AR062863A1 (es) | 2006-09-15 | 2008-12-10 | Du Pont | Metodo para detectar fugas de composiciones de fluoroolefina y sensores que se utilizan con dicho fin |
WO2008033568A2 (en) | 2006-09-15 | 2008-03-20 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Determination of the components of a fluoroolefin composition |
MX337217B (es) * | 2006-10-03 | 2016-02-18 | Mexichem Amanco Holding Sa | Procedimiento de dehidrogenacion-halogenacion para la produccion de (hidro)fluoroalquenos de c3-c6. |
GB0624807D0 (en) * | 2006-12-13 | 2007-01-24 | Ineos Fluor Holdings Ltd | Process |
US7597818B2 (en) * | 2007-02-27 | 2009-10-06 | Honeywell International Inc. | Azeotrope-like compositions of tetrafluoropropenes and bromofluoropropenes |
JP5522895B2 (ja) * | 2007-03-14 | 2014-06-18 | Jx日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社 | 冷凍機油および冷凍機用作動流体組成物 |
EP2132257B1 (en) | 2007-03-27 | 2017-10-25 | Dow Global Technologies LLC | Alkenyl aromatic polymer foam comprising fluorinated alkene blowing agents |
US11091602B2 (en) | 2007-03-29 | 2021-08-17 | Arkema Inc. | Blowing agent compositions of carbon dioxide and hydrochlorofluoroolefins |
US9206297B2 (en) | 2007-03-29 | 2015-12-08 | Arkema Inc. | Blowing agent compositions of hydrochlorofluoroolefins |
US8895635B2 (en) * | 2007-03-29 | 2014-11-25 | Arkema Inc. | Blowing agent compositions of hydrochlorofluoroolefins |
US9738768B2 (en) | 2007-03-29 | 2017-08-22 | Arkema Inc. | Blowing agent composition of hydrochlorofluoroolefin |
US11208536B2 (en) * | 2007-03-29 | 2021-12-28 | Arkema Inc. | Blowing agent compositions of hydrofluoroolefins and hydrochlorofluoroolefins |
PL2129714T3 (pl) * | 2007-03-29 | 2012-04-30 | Arkema Inc | Kompozycja środka porotwórczego złożona z fluoropropenu i chlorofluoroolefiny |
US20100112328A1 (en) * | 2007-03-29 | 2010-05-06 | Van Horn Brett L | Hydrofluoropropene blowing agents for thermoplastics |
US9234070B2 (en) * | 2007-03-29 | 2016-01-12 | Arkema Inc. | Blowing agent composition of hydrochlorofluoroolefin |
US8772364B2 (en) * | 2007-03-29 | 2014-07-08 | Arkema Inc. | Blowing agent compositions of hydrofluoroolefins and hydrochlorofluoroolefins |
DE602008002836D1 (de) * | 2007-04-05 | 2010-11-11 | Dow Global Technologies Inc | Integriertes hydrooxidierungsverfahren mit abtrennung eines olefinoxidproduktstroms |
GB0706978D0 (en) | 2007-04-11 | 2007-05-16 | Ineos Fluor Holdings Ltd | Process |
US8114828B2 (en) * | 2007-04-16 | 2012-02-14 | Honeywell International Inc. | Azeotrope-like compositions of tetrafluoropropene and alcohols |
JP5226242B2 (ja) * | 2007-04-18 | 2013-07-03 | 出光興産株式会社 | 冷凍機用潤滑油組成物 |
MY170123A (en) * | 2007-04-27 | 2019-07-05 | Du Pont | Azeotropic and azeotrope-like compositions of z-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene |
BR122018074413B1 (pt) | 2007-06-12 | 2019-03-19 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Composição e processo para produzir refrigeração |
BRPI0813018A2 (pt) * | 2007-07-20 | 2014-12-23 | Du Pont | " composição de formação de espuma, espuma de polímero de poliuretano ou poliisocianurato e processo para produzir uma espuma " |
EP2171012A1 (en) * | 2007-07-27 | 2010-04-07 | E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company | Compositions comprising fluoroolefins and uses thereof |
CA2921867A1 (en) * | 2007-09-06 | 2009-03-12 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Azeotropic and azeotrope-like compositions of e-1,1,1,4,4,5,5,5-octafluoro-2-pentene |
EP2185488B1 (en) | 2007-09-13 | 2018-01-03 | Arkema Inc. | Compositions containing a combination of z and e stereoisomers of hydrofluoroolefins |
US9453115B2 (en) * | 2007-10-12 | 2016-09-27 | Honeywell International Inc. | Stabilization of polyurethane foam polyol premixes containing halogenated olefin blowing agents |
US8512591B2 (en) | 2007-10-12 | 2013-08-20 | Mexichem Amanco Holding S.A. De C.V. | Heat transfer compositions |
US8628681B2 (en) * | 2007-10-12 | 2014-01-14 | Mexichem Amanco Holding S.A. De C.V. | Heat transfer compositions |
GB201002625D0 (en) * | 2010-02-16 | 2010-03-31 | Ineos Fluor Holdings Ltd | Heat transfer compositions |
US8333901B2 (en) | 2007-10-12 | 2012-12-18 | Mexichem Amanco Holding S.A. De C.V. | Heat transfer compositions |
GB2457345B (en) * | 2007-10-12 | 2012-02-08 | Ineos Fluor Holdings Ltd | Heat transfer compositions |
US7479238B1 (en) * | 2007-11-06 | 2009-01-20 | Arkema Inc. | Azeotrope-like composition of 1,1,1-trifluoro-3-chloropropene and methyl formate |
US20090124719A1 (en) * | 2007-11-08 | 2009-05-14 | E. I. Dupont De Nemours And Company | Polyurethane foams from polytrimethylene ether glycol |
MX2010005757A (es) | 2007-11-29 | 2010-06-09 | Du Pont | Composiciones y uso de la composicion formadora de espuma de cis-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-buteno en la preparacion de espumas a base de poliisocianato. |
US8101672B2 (en) * | 2007-12-13 | 2012-01-24 | Honeywell International Inc. | Azeotrope-like compositions of 1,1,2,3,3-pentafluoropropene |
EP2567992B1 (en) | 2007-12-19 | 2015-11-04 | E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company | Foam-forming compositions containing azeotropic or azeotrope-like mixture containing cis-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene and trans-1,2-dichloroethylene and their uses in the preparation of polyisocyanate-based foams |
JP5586157B2 (ja) * | 2008-02-25 | 2014-09-10 | フマキラー株式会社 | 害虫駆除用エアゾール |
EP2250230A4 (en) * | 2008-02-29 | 2014-05-28 | Arkema Inc | BLOCK COPOLYMER OIL RETURN FUNDS |
JP2009222032A (ja) * | 2008-03-18 | 2009-10-01 | Daikin Ind Ltd | 冷凍装置 |
JP2009222360A (ja) * | 2008-03-18 | 2009-10-01 | Daikin Ind Ltd | 熱交換器 |
WO2009146122A1 (en) | 2008-04-04 | 2009-12-03 | Dow Global Technologies Inc. | Refrigerant composition |
US20090270522A1 (en) * | 2008-04-25 | 2009-10-29 | Honeywell International Inc. | Blowing agents for polymeric foams |
SG10202111316SA (en) | 2008-05-07 | 2021-11-29 | Du Pont | Compositions comprising 2,3-dichloro-1,1,1-trifluoropropane, 2-chloro-1,1,1-trifluoropropene, 2 chloro-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoropropane or 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene |
EP2617794A3 (en) * | 2008-05-07 | 2016-06-15 | E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company | Compositions comprising 2,3,3,3- tetrafluoropropene |
JP5180680B2 (ja) * | 2008-05-20 | 2013-04-10 | サンデン株式会社 | 冷凍サイクル |
FR2932492B1 (fr) | 2008-06-11 | 2010-07-30 | Arkema France | Compositions a base d'hydrofluoroolefines |
FR2932494B1 (fr) | 2008-06-11 | 2011-02-25 | Arkema France | Compositions a base d'hydrofluoroolefines |
FR2932493B1 (fr) * | 2008-06-11 | 2010-07-30 | Arkema France | Compositions a base d'hydrofluoroolefines |
JP5339788B2 (ja) * | 2008-06-13 | 2013-11-13 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 圧縮機および冷凍サイクル装置 |
US8443624B2 (en) * | 2008-06-16 | 2013-05-21 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | Non-Azeotropic refrigerant mixture and refrigeration cycle apparatus |
KR101618900B1 (ko) * | 2008-06-20 | 2016-05-09 | 이 아이 듀폰 디 네모아 앤드 캄파니 | Z-1,1,1,4,4,4-헥사플루오로-2-부텐의 공비 및 공비-유사 조성물 |
US20090325445A1 (en) * | 2008-06-27 | 2009-12-31 | Bogdan Mary C | Method of insulating temporary polymeric structures with polyurethane or polyisocyanurate foam |
WO2010002016A1 (en) * | 2008-07-01 | 2010-01-07 | Daikin Industries, Ltd. | REFRIGERANT COMPOSITION COMPRISING DIFLUOROMETHANE (HFC32) AND 2,3,3,3-TETRAFLUOROPROPENE (HFO1234yf) |
WO2010002022A1 (en) * | 2008-07-01 | 2010-01-07 | Daikin Industries, Ltd. | REFRIGERANT COMPOSITION COMPRISING PENTAFLUOROETHANE (HFC125), 2,3,3,3-TETRAFLUOROPROPENE (HFO1234yf) AND 1,1,1,2-TETRAFLUOROETHANE (HFC134a) |
US8318039B2 (en) | 2008-07-01 | 2012-11-27 | Daikin Industries, Ltd. | Refrigerant composition comprising 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (HFC134a) and 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (HFO1234yf) |
ES2405679T3 (es) | 2008-07-01 | 2013-06-03 | Daikin Industries, Ltd. | Composición refrigerante que comprende difluorometano (HFC32), pentafluoroetano (HFC125) y 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropeno (HFO1234yf) |
US20100016457A1 (en) * | 2008-07-16 | 2010-01-21 | Bowman James M | Hfo-1234ze mixed isomers with hfc-245fa as a blowing agent, aerosol, and solvent |
EP2303947A1 (en) * | 2008-07-16 | 2011-04-06 | Dow Global Technologies Inc. | Refrigerant compositions including silyl terminated polyalkylene glycols as lubricants and methods for making the same |
CN107384323A (zh) * | 2008-07-30 | 2017-11-24 | 霍尼韦尔国际公司 | 含有二氟甲烷和氟取代的烯烃的组合物 |
JP2010032157A (ja) * | 2008-07-30 | 2010-02-12 | Denso Corp | 冷凍サイクル装置 |
EP3093323A1 (en) | 2008-07-30 | 2016-11-16 | Honeywell International Inc. | Compositions containing difluoromethane and fluorine substituted |
US9546311B2 (en) * | 2008-08-19 | 2017-01-17 | Honeywell International Inc. | Azeotrope-like compositions of 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoropropene and 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane |
WO2010035701A1 (ja) * | 2008-09-24 | 2010-04-01 | セントラル硝子株式会社 | エアゾール組成物 |
JP2010077036A (ja) * | 2008-09-24 | 2010-04-08 | Central Glass Co Ltd | エアゾール組成物 |
JP2010077034A (ja) * | 2008-09-24 | 2010-04-08 | Central Glass Co Ltd | エアゾール組成物 |
JP2010077035A (ja) * | 2008-09-24 | 2010-04-08 | Central Glass Co Ltd | 殺虫用エアゾール組成物 |
JP2010077033A (ja) * | 2008-09-24 | 2010-04-08 | Central Glass Co Ltd | エアゾール組成物 |
US20100081836A1 (en) * | 2008-09-26 | 2010-04-01 | Laurence Parslow | PROCESS FOR EXTRACTING A TARGET COMPOUND USING HFO1234yf |
FR2936806B1 (fr) | 2008-10-08 | 2012-08-31 | Arkema France | Fluide refrigerant |
US8147710B2 (en) * | 2008-10-10 | 2012-04-03 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Compositions comprising 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, 2-chloro-2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropanol, 2-chloro-2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-propyl acetate or zinc (2-chloro-2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropoxy) chloride |
US20170080773A1 (en) | 2008-11-03 | 2017-03-23 | Arkema France | Vehicle Heating and/or Air Conditioning Method |
GB2456028A (en) * | 2008-11-14 | 2009-07-01 | Consort Medical Plc | A medicament dispenser with an HFO propellant |
US20100122545A1 (en) | 2008-11-19 | 2010-05-20 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Tetrafluoropropene compositions and uses thereof |
US8871112B2 (en) | 2008-11-19 | 2014-10-28 | E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Compositions comprising 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene and hydrocarbons and uses thereof |
FR2938551B1 (fr) * | 2008-11-20 | 2010-11-12 | Arkema France | Procede de chauffage et/ou climatisation d'un vehicule |
CN102264877B (zh) * | 2008-12-23 | 2014-12-10 | 瑞弗化工有限公司 | 制冷润滑剂组合物 |
WO2010088320A1 (en) * | 2009-01-29 | 2010-08-05 | Arkema Inc. | Tetrafluoropropene based blowing agent compositions |
JP5502410B2 (ja) * | 2009-01-30 | 2014-05-28 | パナソニック株式会社 | 液体循環式暖房システム |
JP5242434B2 (ja) * | 2009-01-30 | 2013-07-24 | パナソニック株式会社 | 液体循環式暖房システム |
JP2010249484A (ja) * | 2009-04-20 | 2010-11-04 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 熱交換器および冷凍サイクル装置 |
US8481605B2 (en) | 2009-05-21 | 2013-07-09 | Huntsman International Llc | Rigid polyurethane foam and system and method for making the same |
JP2010270957A (ja) * | 2009-05-21 | 2010-12-02 | Panasonic Corp | 冷凍装置 |
US20110147638A1 (en) * | 2009-06-26 | 2011-06-23 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Azeotropic and azeotrope-like compositions of z-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene, trans-1,2-dichloroethylene, and cyclopentane |
CA2773453C (en) | 2009-09-09 | 2018-10-09 | Honeywell International Inc. | Monochlorotrifluoropropene compounds and compositions and methods using same |
FR2950067B1 (fr) * | 2009-09-11 | 2011-10-28 | Arkema France | Fluide de transfert de chaleur en remplacement du r-410a |
FR2950070B1 (fr) | 2009-09-11 | 2011-10-28 | Arkema France | Compositions ternaires pour refrigeration haute capacite |
US10035938B2 (en) | 2009-09-11 | 2018-07-31 | Arkema France | Heat transfer fluid replacing R-134a |
FR2950069B1 (fr) | 2009-09-11 | 2011-11-25 | Arkema France | Utilisation de compositions ternaires |
FR2950068B1 (fr) * | 2009-09-11 | 2012-05-18 | Arkema France | Procede de transfert de chaleur |
FR2950066B1 (fr) | 2009-09-11 | 2011-10-28 | Arkema France | Refrigeration basse et moyenne temperature |
FR2950071B1 (fr) * | 2009-09-11 | 2012-02-03 | Arkema France | Compositions ternaires pour refrigeration basse capacite |
FR2950065B1 (fr) | 2009-09-11 | 2012-02-03 | Arkema France | Fluide refrigerant binaire |
CN102732220A (zh) * | 2009-10-13 | 2012-10-17 | 天津大学 | 含有HFO-1234yf (CF3CF=CH2)的有机朗肯循环混合工质 |
CN102311719A (zh) * | 2009-10-13 | 2012-01-11 | 天津大学 | 含有HFO-1234yf (CF3CF=CH2)的有机朗肯循环混合工质 |
EP2488343A1 (en) | 2009-10-16 | 2012-08-22 | Dow Global Technologies LLC | Improved process for producing a shaped foam article |
US20120237734A1 (en) | 2009-11-24 | 2012-09-20 | Maurer Myron J | Process for forming a double-sided shaped foam article |
US20110144216A1 (en) * | 2009-12-16 | 2011-06-16 | Honeywell International Inc. | Compositions and uses of cis-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene |
FR2954342B1 (fr) | 2009-12-18 | 2012-03-16 | Arkema France | Fluides de transfert de chaleur a inflammabilite reduite |
KR20210122889A (ko) | 2009-12-21 | 2021-10-12 | 더 케무어스 컴퍼니 에프씨, 엘엘씨 | 테트라플루오로프로펜 및 다이플루오로메탄을 포함하는 조성물 및 그 용도 |
BR122019007817B1 (pt) | 2009-12-22 | 2021-02-23 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | composição, método para produzir resfriamento, método para produzir calor, método paraformar uma espuma e processo para produzir produtos aerossóis |
CN102639668B (zh) | 2010-01-27 | 2016-02-24 | 大金工业株式会社 | 含二氟甲烷(hfc32)和2,3,3,3-四氟丙烯(hfo1234yf)的制冷剂组合物 |
GB201002622D0 (en) | 2010-02-16 | 2010-03-31 | Ineos Fluor Holdings Ltd | Heat transfer compositions |
GB201002615D0 (en) * | 2010-02-16 | 2010-03-31 | Ineos Fluor Holdings Ltd | Heat transfer compositions |
GB201002618D0 (en) * | 2010-02-16 | 2010-03-31 | Ineos Fluor Ltd | Heat transfet compositions |
GB201002616D0 (en) * | 2010-02-16 | 2010-03-31 | Ineos Fluor Holdings Ltd | Heat transfer compositions |
US20120309824A1 (en) * | 2010-02-25 | 2012-12-06 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Azeotropic and azeotrope-like compositions of e-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene and ethylene oxide and uses thereof |
JP2011226729A (ja) * | 2010-04-22 | 2011-11-10 | Panasonic Corp | 冷凍装置 |
US8821749B2 (en) | 2010-04-26 | 2014-09-02 | E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Azeotrope-like compositions of E-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene and 1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene |
US8747691B2 (en) * | 2010-05-06 | 2014-06-10 | Honeywell International Inc. | Azeotrope-like compositions of tetrafluoropropene and water |
FR2959998B1 (fr) | 2010-05-11 | 2012-06-01 | Arkema France | Fluides de transfert de chaleur ternaires comprenant du difluoromethane, du pentafluoroethane et du tetrafluoropropene |
CN102947408B (zh) * | 2010-05-20 | 2016-04-27 | 墨西哥化学阿玛科股份有限公司 | 传热组合物 |
RU2547118C2 (ru) | 2010-05-20 | 2015-04-10 | Мексичем Аманко Холдинг С.А. Де С.В. | Теплообменные композиции |
CN102947069A (zh) | 2010-06-23 | 2013-02-27 | 陶氏环球技术有限责任公司 | 用于模压成型泡沫制品的方法 |
GB2481443B (en) | 2010-06-25 | 2012-10-17 | Mexichem Amanco Holding Sa | Heat transfer compositions |
CN103415587A (zh) * | 2010-07-06 | 2013-11-27 | 阿科玛股份有限公司 | 四氟丙烯与多元醇酯润滑剂的组合物 |
FR2962442B1 (fr) | 2010-07-09 | 2016-02-26 | Arkema France | Composition stable de 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene |
JP5434970B2 (ja) | 2010-07-12 | 2014-03-05 | セントラル硝子株式会社 | ドライエッチング剤 |
MY161767A (en) | 2010-12-14 | 2017-05-15 | Du Pont | Combinations of e-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene and at least one tetrafluoroethane and their use for heating |
JP6005056B2 (ja) * | 2010-12-14 | 2016-10-12 | イー・アイ・デュポン・ドウ・ヌムール・アンド・カンパニーE.I.Du Pont De Nemours And Company | 冷却のためのe−1,3,3,3−テトラフルオロプロペンと少なくとも1つのテトラフルオロエタンとを含む冷媒の使用 |
FR2974812B1 (fr) | 2011-05-04 | 2014-08-08 | Arkema France | Compositions de transfert de chaleur presentant une miscibilite amelioree avec l'huile de lubrification |
FR2979419B1 (fr) | 2011-08-30 | 2018-03-30 | Arkema France | Fluides de transfert de chaleur supercritiques a base de tetrafluoropropene |
US20130075063A1 (en) * | 2011-09-26 | 2013-03-28 | Ryan Hulse | Azeotrope-like compositions of cis-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene and 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane |
IN2014DN03359A (zh) | 2011-10-26 | 2015-06-05 | Jx Nippon Oil & Energy Corp | |
CA2856196C (en) | 2011-12-06 | 2020-09-01 | Masco Corporation Of Indiana | Ozone distribution in a faucet |
KR20140105739A (ko) * | 2011-12-09 | 2014-09-02 | 허니웰 인터내셔널 인코포레이티드 | Hcfo 또는 hfo 발포제를 함유하는 폼 및 폼으로 형성된 물품 |
CN102516945A (zh) * | 2011-12-20 | 2012-06-27 | 集美大学 | 可替代hcfc-22的制冷剂组合物 |
EP2794804A1 (en) * | 2011-12-21 | 2014-10-29 | E. I. Du Pont de Nemours and Company | Use of e-1,1,1,4,4,5,5,5-octafluoro-2-pentene and optionally 1,1,1,2,3-pentafluoropropane in high temperature heat pumps |
JP2015507716A (ja) * | 2011-12-21 | 2015-03-12 | イー・アイ・デュポン・ドウ・ヌムール・アンド・カンパニーE.I.Du Pont De Nemours And Company | 動力サイクルでのe−1,1,1,4,4,5,5,5−オクタフルオロ−2−ペンテンおよび任意選択的に、1,1,1,2,3−ペンタフルオロプロパンを含む組成物の使用 |
FR2986236B1 (fr) | 2012-01-26 | 2014-01-10 | Arkema France | Compositions de transfert de chaleur presentant une miscibilite amelioree avec l'huile de lubrification |
ES2528913T3 (es) * | 2012-02-13 | 2018-06-26 | Honeywell International Inc. | Métodos y composiciones de transferencia de calor |
PL3425018T3 (pl) | 2012-02-13 | 2020-06-01 | The Chemours Company Fc, Llc | Mieszaniny chłodnicze zawierające tetrafluoropropen, difluorometan, pentafluoroetan i tetrafluoroetan oraz ich zastosowania |
WO2013138123A1 (en) * | 2012-03-13 | 2013-09-19 | Honeywell International Inc. | Stabilized iodocarbon compositions |
IN2014DN07397A (zh) | 2012-03-27 | 2015-04-24 | Jx Nippon Oil & Energy Corp | |
JP5871688B2 (ja) | 2012-03-29 | 2016-03-01 | Jx日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社 | 冷凍機用作動流体組成物 |
CN104160005A (zh) | 2012-03-29 | 2014-11-19 | 吉坤日矿日石能源株式会社 | 冷冻机用工作流体组合物 |
WO2013145013A1 (ja) * | 2012-03-29 | 2013-10-03 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 分流コントローラー及びそれを備えた空気調和装置 |
EP2846107B1 (en) * | 2012-03-29 | 2018-11-07 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | Indoor device and air conditioning device comprising same |
EP2861689A4 (en) * | 2012-06-19 | 2015-09-23 | Du Pont | REFRIGERANT MIXTURES COMPRISING TETRAFLUOROPROPENES AND TETRAFLUOROETHANE AND USES THEREOF |
JP5937446B2 (ja) | 2012-07-13 | 2016-06-22 | Jxエネルギー株式会社 | 冷凍機用作動流体組成物 |
TW201410856A (zh) | 2012-08-23 | 2014-03-16 | Du Pont | 含四氟丙烯及二氟甲烷的冷媒混合物及其運用 |
CN102884986B (zh) * | 2012-11-09 | 2014-04-23 | 防城港常春生物技术开发有限公司 | 一种用于养殖食蟹猴的半网床笼舍 |
FR2998302B1 (fr) | 2012-11-20 | 2015-01-23 | Arkema France | Composition refrigerante |
US20150299547A1 (en) * | 2012-12-04 | 2015-10-22 | Honeywell International Inc. | Low gwp heat transfer compositions |
US20140165631A1 (en) * | 2012-12-14 | 2014-06-19 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Refrigeration Compositions, Refrigeration Systems and Methods of Making, Operating and Using the Same |
FR3000096B1 (fr) | 2012-12-26 | 2015-02-20 | Arkema France | Composition comprenant du 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene |
US20160024362A1 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2016-01-28 | Yun Lin | Compositions and method for refrigeration |
DK3495407T3 (da) | 2013-03-15 | 2024-03-04 | Owens Corning Intellectual Capital Llc | Forarbejdsningshjælpemidler til anvendelse til fremstilling af ekstruderede polystyrenskum ved anvendelse af opskumningsmidler med lavt potentiale for global opvarmning |
CN104232022A (zh) * | 2013-06-21 | 2014-12-24 | 中化蓝天集团有限公司 | 一种混合制冷剂 |
JP6299763B2 (ja) | 2013-08-14 | 2018-03-28 | セントラル硝子株式会社 | 熱伝達方法および高温ヒートポンプ装置 |
WO2015022958A1 (ja) | 2013-08-14 | 2015-02-19 | セントラル硝子株式会社 | 熱伝達方法及び高温ヒートポンプ装置 |
FR3010415B1 (fr) | 2013-09-11 | 2015-08-21 | Arkema France | Fluides de transfert de chaleur comprenant du difluoromethane, du pentafluoroethane, du tetrafluoropropene et eventuellement du propane |
GB201318244D0 (en) * | 2013-10-15 | 2013-11-27 | Rpl Holdings Ltd | Refrigerant |
JP6381890B2 (ja) | 2013-10-25 | 2018-08-29 | 三菱重工サーマルシステムズ株式会社 | 冷媒循環装置、冷媒循環方法および異性化抑制方法 |
US10443912B2 (en) | 2013-10-25 | 2019-10-15 | Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Thermal Systems, Ltd. | Refrigerant circulation device, method for circulating refrigerant and acid suppression method |
US9909017B2 (en) * | 2013-11-01 | 2018-03-06 | Zyp Coatings, Inc. | Miscible solvent system and method for making same |
JP2017508829A (ja) | 2014-01-16 | 2017-03-30 | シュリーブ ケミカル プロダクツ インコーポレーテッド | 乾燥合成冷却潤滑剤組成物 |
US10125235B2 (en) | 2014-03-20 | 2018-11-13 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | Formulated isocyanate-reactive blends including olefin based blowing agent |
KR102177381B1 (ko) | 2014-05-22 | 2020-11-12 | 에네오스 가부시키가이샤 | 냉동기유 및 냉동기용 작동 유체 조성물 |
US10330364B2 (en) | 2014-06-26 | 2019-06-25 | Hudson Technologies, Inc. | System and method for retrofitting a refrigeration system from HCFC to HFC refrigerant |
HUE060941T2 (hu) * | 2014-09-26 | 2023-04-28 | Daikin Ind Ltd | Halogénolefin-bázisú készítmény és alkalmazása |
KR102280227B1 (ko) | 2014-09-26 | 2021-07-21 | 다이킨 고교 가부시키가이샤 | 할로올레핀류 조성물 |
US10343003B2 (en) * | 2014-10-02 | 2019-07-09 | The Boeing Company | Aircraft fire suppression system and method |
CN104531079B (zh) * | 2014-12-11 | 2018-04-17 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | 一种含四氟丙烯的混合制冷剂 |
CN105820799A (zh) * | 2015-01-05 | 2016-08-03 | 浙江省化工研究院有限公司 | 一种含HFO-1234ze(E)的环保型制冷组合物 |
US11229147B2 (en) | 2015-02-06 | 2022-01-18 | Laird Technologies, Inc. | Thermally-conductive electromagnetic interference (EMI) absorbers with silicon carbide |
CN107250315B (zh) | 2015-02-09 | 2021-03-02 | Agc株式会社 | 电动汽车用的空调用工作介质以及电动汽车用的空调用工作介质组合物 |
RU2714081C2 (ru) | 2015-03-13 | 2020-02-11 | Басф Се | Способ получения изделия из пенополиуретана |
FR3033791B1 (fr) | 2015-03-18 | 2017-04-14 | Arkema France | Stabilisation du 1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene |
JP6571361B2 (ja) * | 2015-03-26 | 2019-09-04 | 株式会社マンダム | フォーム皮膚洗浄料 |
GB201505230D0 (en) | 2015-03-27 | 2015-05-13 | Rpl Holdings Ltd | Non ozone depleting and low global warming refrigerant blends |
JP6995628B2 (ja) * | 2015-05-29 | 2022-02-04 | オウェンス コーニング インテレクチュアル キャピタル リミテッド ライアビリティ カンパニー | 押出ポリスチレンフォーム |
WO2016196240A1 (en) * | 2015-06-05 | 2016-12-08 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Hydrofluoroolefins and methods of using same |
EP3378918B1 (en) | 2015-11-20 | 2023-12-20 | Daikin Industries, Ltd. | Use of a composition containing mixture of fluorinated hydrocarbons |
CN108463437B (zh) | 2015-12-21 | 2022-07-08 | 德尔塔阀门公司 | 包括消毒装置的流体输送系统 |
JP6069547B2 (ja) * | 2016-01-22 | 2017-02-01 | 東洋エアゾール工業株式会社 | エアゾール組成物 |
US10566182B2 (en) | 2016-03-02 | 2020-02-18 | Tokyo Electron Limited | Substrate processing apparatus, substrate processing method, and storage medium |
DE102016008038B4 (de) * | 2016-07-01 | 2019-01-03 | Promix Solutions Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines PET-Schaumkörpers |
JP6776047B2 (ja) * | 2016-07-29 | 2020-10-28 | 株式会社ダイゾー | エアゾール組成物 |
EP3491094B1 (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2022-11-09 | Honeywell International Inc. | Heat transfer compositions, methods and systems |
US20180057723A1 (en) * | 2016-08-24 | 2018-03-01 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | BLENDED REFRIGERANT FOR USE IN STATIONARY AND/OR MOBILE AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEMS CONTAINING R-134a, R-152a, R-744 AND R-1234yf |
FR3057272B1 (fr) | 2016-10-10 | 2020-05-08 | Arkema France | Compositions azeotropiques a base de tetrafluoropropene |
FR3057271B1 (fr) | 2016-10-10 | 2020-01-17 | Arkema France | Utilisation de compositions a base de tetrafluoropropene |
FR3061906B1 (fr) | 2017-01-19 | 2019-03-15 | Arkema France | Composition comprenant du 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene |
FR3061905B1 (fr) | 2017-01-19 | 2019-05-17 | Arkema France | Composition comprenant du 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene |
JP2020505496A (ja) * | 2017-01-31 | 2020-02-20 | ビーエーエスエフ ソシエタス・ヨーロピアBasf Se | ヒドロハロオレフィン(hfo)含有ポリウレタン(pu)製剤 |
FR3063733B1 (fr) | 2017-03-10 | 2020-02-07 | Arkema France | Composition quasi-azeotropique comprenant le 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene et le trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene |
FR3064264B1 (fr) | 2017-03-21 | 2019-04-05 | Arkema France | Composition a base de tetrafluoropropene |
FR3064275B1 (fr) | 2017-03-21 | 2019-06-07 | Arkema France | Procede de chauffage et/ou climatisation d'un vehicule |
JP6443576B2 (ja) | 2017-05-19 | 2018-12-26 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | 冷媒を含有する組成物、その使用、それを用いた冷凍方法、及びそれを含む冷凍機 |
PL3704203T3 (pl) | 2017-11-27 | 2023-08-21 | Rpl Holdings Limited | Mieszanki czynników chłodniczych o niskim GWP |
CA3083293A1 (en) | 2018-01-23 | 2019-08-01 | The Chemours Company Fc, Llc | Compositions, system and methods for introducing pag lubricant or refrigerant into an air-conditioning or system using lower or low gwp refrigerant or refrigerant blends |
US10913913B2 (en) | 2018-01-23 | 2021-02-09 | The Chemours Company Fc, Llc | Polyol ester compositions |
US10883063B2 (en) | 2018-01-23 | 2021-01-05 | The Chemours Company Fc, Llc | Compositions, system and methods for introducing PAG lubricant or refrigerant into an air-conditioning or system using lower or low GWP refrigerant or refrigerant blends |
EP4306878A3 (en) | 2018-01-23 | 2024-03-20 | The Chemours Company FC, LLC | Compositions, system and methods for introducing poe lubricant into an electric (hev, phev, ev) automotive air-conditioning/heating system or stationary air-conditioning/heating system or stationary refrigeration system using lower or low gwp refrigerant |
FR3077822B1 (fr) | 2018-02-15 | 2020-07-24 | Arkema France | Compositions de transfert de chaleur en remplacement du r-134a |
CN110343510B (zh) * | 2018-04-02 | 2021-06-04 | 江西天宇化工有限公司 | 一种不可燃并具有低温室效应的混合制冷剂及其应用 |
SI3978580T1 (sl) | 2018-04-30 | 2023-08-31 | The Chemours Company Fc, Llc | Stabilizirani fluorolefinski sestavki in postopek za njihovo proizvodnjo, shranjevanje in uporabo |
CN108795538B (zh) * | 2018-07-10 | 2021-03-23 | 黄山学院 | 一种氟代聚酯型清净剂、制备方法及制备的润滑油组合物 |
EP4234293A3 (en) | 2018-07-17 | 2023-09-13 | Daikin Industries, Ltd. | Refrigeration cycle device for vehicle |
WO2020017386A1 (ja) | 2018-07-17 | 2020-01-23 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | 冷媒を含有する組成物、熱移動媒体及び熱サイクルシステム |
EP4230707A1 (en) | 2018-07-17 | 2023-08-23 | Daikin Industries, Ltd. | Refrigerant cycle apparatus |
WO2020017522A1 (ja) | 2018-07-17 | 2020-01-23 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | 冷凍サイクル装置 |
JP7108502B2 (ja) * | 2018-09-07 | 2022-07-28 | 株式会社ダイゾー | 発泡性組成物 |
JP7095540B2 (ja) * | 2018-10-05 | 2022-07-05 | Agc株式会社 | 木材保存処理液及び木材保存用薬剤付き木材の製造方法 |
BR112021022059A2 (pt) | 2018-10-26 | 2021-12-28 | Chemours Co Fc Llc | Composições de fluoropropeno, métodos de produção de uma mistura e de resfriamento, processos para transferência de calor, para tratamento de uma superfície e para formação de uma composição, sistema de refrigeração, aparelhos de refrigeração, uso da composição de fluoropropeno e método para substituição de um refrigerante |
US11209196B2 (en) | 2018-10-26 | 2021-12-28 | The Chemours Company Fc, Llc | HFO-1234ZE, HFO-1225ZC and HFO-1234YF compositions and processes for producing and using the compositions |
WO2020152714A1 (en) * | 2019-01-24 | 2020-07-30 | Srf Limited | Compositions comprising 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene |
WO2020158170A1 (ja) | 2019-01-30 | 2020-08-06 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | 冷媒を含有する組成物、並びに、その組成物を用いた冷凍方法、冷凍装置の運転方法及び冷凍装置 |
CN114656931A (zh) | 2019-01-30 | 2022-06-24 | 大金工业株式会社 | 含有制冷剂的组合物、以及使用该组合物的冷冻方法、冷冻装置的运转方法和冷冻装置 |
WO2020162401A1 (ja) | 2019-02-05 | 2020-08-13 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | 冷媒を含有する組成物、並びに、その組成物を用いた冷凍方法、冷凍装置の運転方法及び冷凍装置 |
CN113412398A (zh) | 2019-02-06 | 2021-09-17 | 大金工业株式会社 | 含有制冷剂的组合物及使用了该组合物的冷冻方法、冷冻装置的运转方法和冷冻装置 |
CN110591648A (zh) * | 2019-10-10 | 2019-12-20 | 广东信鹏化工实业有限公司 | 一种环保阻燃彩带气雾剂及其制备方法 |
WO2021247027A1 (en) * | 2020-06-04 | 2021-12-09 | Wd-40 Company | Non-flammable aerosol multiuse invert emulsion lubricant |
CN111773817B (zh) * | 2020-07-13 | 2021-12-03 | 汕头市深特宝洁实业有限公司 | 一种护肤霜及其制备系统与制备方法 |
CN112054262A (zh) * | 2020-08-28 | 2020-12-08 | 甘肃电气装备集团生物科技工程有限公司 | 适用于退役锂电池中电解液的浸取溶剂以及利用其从退役锂电池中分离回收电解液的方法 |
JP2023546463A (ja) | 2020-10-22 | 2023-11-02 | アールピーエル ホールディングス リミテッド | 熱ポンプ冷媒 |
KR20230154965A (ko) | 2021-03-08 | 2023-11-09 | 더 케무어스 컴퍼니 에프씨, 엘엘씨 | 2,3,3,3-테트라플루오로프로펜 및 산소-유래 올리고머를 포함하는 조성물 |
EP4305122A1 (en) | 2021-03-08 | 2024-01-17 | The Chemours Company FC, LLC | Compositions comprising 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene and oxidation products |
CN113717697B (zh) * | 2021-05-28 | 2024-02-23 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | 载冷剂及制备方法、冷却结构、半导体激光巴条、热沉系统 |
KR20240032983A (ko) | 2021-07-12 | 2024-03-12 | 더 케무어스 컴퍼니 에프씨, 엘엘씨 | 안정화된 플루오로에틸렌 조성물, 및 그의 저장 및 사용 방법 |
US11753516B2 (en) | 2021-10-08 | 2023-09-12 | Covestro Llc | HFO-containing compositions and methods of producing foams |
CA3234013A1 (en) | 2021-10-21 | 2023-04-27 | The Chemours Company Fc, Llc | Stabilized compositions comprising 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene |
EP4419613A1 (en) | 2021-10-21 | 2024-08-28 | The Chemours Company FC, LLC | Compositions comprising 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene |
MX2024004681A (es) | 2021-10-21 | 2024-05-03 | Chemours Co Fc Llc | Composiciones de mezcla estabilizada que comprenden 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropeno. |
CA3238656A1 (en) | 2022-01-18 | 2023-07-27 | The Chemours Company Fc, Llc | Fluoroolefin compositions containing a dye and methods for their production, storage and usage |
MX2024010302A (es) | 2022-03-18 | 2024-08-28 | Chemours Co Fc Llc | Aditivos de hidrocarburos para composiciones de 1234yf e hidrofluorocarbono (hfc), metodos para su produccion, almacenamiento y uso. |
WO2023205374A1 (en) | 2022-04-22 | 2023-10-26 | The Chemours Company Fc, Llc | Compositions comprising tetrafluoropropene and hexafluorobutene |
US20240287366A1 (en) * | 2023-02-22 | 2024-08-29 | The Coulan Company, L.L.C. | Drop-in recycled refrigerant compositions having low net gwp replacing r-454b |
WO2024211642A1 (en) | 2023-04-06 | 2024-10-10 | The Chemours Company Fc, Llc | Refrigerant compositions comprising z-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, methods of making same, and uses thereof |
Family Cites Families (208)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US837525A (en) | 1905-10-17 | 1906-12-04 | Nineteen Hundred Washer Company | Washing-machine. |
NL73211C (zh) | 1948-07-30 | |||
BE536296A (zh) | 1954-03-22 | |||
IT535373A (zh) | 1954-06-10 | |||
US2773722A (en) * | 1955-03-02 | 1956-12-11 | John J Baessler | Aerosol dispenser |
US2970988A (en) * | 1955-10-14 | 1961-02-07 | Minnesota Mining & Mfg | New fluorine-containing polymers and preparation thereof |
US2846458A (en) | 1956-05-23 | 1958-08-05 | Dow Corning | Organosiloxane ethers |
US2889379A (en) | 1957-02-06 | 1959-06-02 | Dow Chemical Co | Preparation of 3, 3, 3-trifluoropropene |
US2931840A (en) * | 1958-11-25 | 1960-04-05 | Du Pont | Process for preparing 2, 3, 3, 3-tetrafluoropropene |
NL121693C (zh) * | 1959-05-22 | |||
US2996555A (en) * | 1959-06-25 | 1961-08-15 | Dow Chemical Co | Preparation of 2, 3, 3, 3-tetrafluoropropene |
DE1122697B (de) | 1960-05-06 | 1962-01-25 | Bayer Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Schaumstoffen auf Isocyanatbasis |
US3085065A (en) * | 1960-07-11 | 1963-04-09 | Du Pont | Process of transferring heat |
FR1422125A (fr) * | 1964-09-23 | 1965-12-24 | Labo Cent Telecommunicat | Perfectionnements aux circuits déphaseurs |
US3472826A (en) * | 1968-05-23 | 1969-10-14 | Union Carbide Corp | Saturated hydrocarbon prepolymer and reaction products thereof |
US3607755A (en) | 1968-11-25 | 1971-09-21 | Allied Chem | Novel halocarbon compositions |
US3659023A (en) * | 1970-05-11 | 1972-04-25 | Baxter Laboratories Inc | Method of inducing anesthesia with 2-bromo-1 1 2 3 3-pentafluoropropane |
US3884828A (en) | 1970-10-15 | 1975-05-20 | Dow Corning | Propellants and refrigerants based on trifluoropropene |
US3723318A (en) | 1971-11-26 | 1973-03-27 | Dow Corning | Propellants and refrigerants based on trifluoropropene |
JPS5679175A (en) * | 1979-11-30 | 1981-06-29 | Daikin Ind Ltd | Absorption refrigerant carrier composition |
US4465786A (en) | 1982-09-27 | 1984-08-14 | General Electric Company | Catalyst composition for the preparation of 3,3,3-trifluoropropene |
US4650914A (en) * | 1983-07-06 | 1987-03-17 | Monsanto Company | Process for producing 1,1,2,3-tetrachloropropene |
US4788352A (en) | 1986-07-21 | 1988-11-29 | Shell Oil Company | Trifluoroalkenes and a method for their preparation |
JP2555326B2 (ja) | 1986-10-03 | 1996-11-20 | ジャパンパシフィックエンタープライズ 株式会社 | 液体潤滑油混合組成物 |
DE3705850A1 (de) | 1987-02-24 | 1988-09-01 | Sueddeutsche Kuehler Behr | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur leistungssteigerung einer kaelteanlage fuer kraftfahrzeuge |
US4842024A (en) | 1987-07-21 | 1989-06-27 | Harvard Industries, Inc. | Composite hose for conveying refrigerant fluids in automotive air-conditioned systems |
DE3735467A1 (de) * | 1987-10-20 | 1989-05-03 | Bayer Ag | Verfahren zur herstellung von fluorierten c(pfeil abwaerts)4(pfeil abwaerts)- bis c(pfeil abwaerts)6(pfeil abwaerts)-kohlenwasserstoffen und neue cyclische fluorierte kohlenwasserstoffe, sowie die verwendung von fluorierten c(pfeil abwaerts)4(pfeil abwaerts)- bis c(pfeil abwaerts)6(pfeil abwaerts)-kohlenwasserstoffen als treibgas und arbeitsfluessigkeit fuer waermepumpensysteme |
US4755316A (en) | 1987-10-23 | 1988-07-05 | Allied-Signal Inc. | Refrigeration lubricants |
US4798818A (en) | 1987-11-27 | 1989-01-17 | Dow Corning Corporation | Catalyst composition and process for its preparation |
JPH01207250A (ja) * | 1988-02-12 | 1989-08-21 | Daikin Ind Ltd | 含フツ素オレフインの製造方法 |
DE3850882T2 (de) * | 1988-11-29 | 1994-11-10 | Yang Tein Liu | Verstellbare Nietzange. |
US5008028A (en) * | 1988-12-14 | 1991-04-16 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Liquid compositions containing carboxylic esters |
US5254280A (en) * | 1988-12-27 | 1993-10-19 | Allied-Signal Inc. | Refrigeration compositions having polyoxyalkylene glycols with alkylene groups having at least 4 carbon atoms therein |
US4975212A (en) | 1988-12-27 | 1990-12-04 | Allied-Signal Inc. | Fluorinated lubricating compositions |
CA2026568C (en) * | 1989-02-02 | 1999-12-14 | Shinsuke Morikawa | Process for producing a hydrogen-containing 2,2-difluoropropane |
US5001287A (en) * | 1989-02-02 | 1991-03-19 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Purification of saturated halocarbons |
JPH02222496A (ja) * | 1989-02-23 | 1990-09-05 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | ドライクリーニング用洗浄剤 |
JPH02222497A (ja) * | 1989-02-23 | 1990-09-05 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | フラックス洗浄剤 |
JPH02222469A (ja) * | 1989-02-23 | 1990-09-05 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | レジスト剥離剤 |
JPH02221388A (ja) * | 1989-02-23 | 1990-09-04 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | 脱脂洗浄剤 |
US4945119A (en) * | 1989-05-10 | 1990-07-31 | The Dow Chemical Company | Foaming system for rigid urethane and isocyanurate foams |
US4944890A (en) | 1989-05-23 | 1990-07-31 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Compositions and process of using in refrigeration |
US4971712A (en) | 1989-06-02 | 1990-11-20 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Compositions for compression refrigeration and methods of using them |
JP2751428B2 (ja) * | 1989-06-30 | 1998-05-18 | 旭硝子株式会社 | 3,3―ジクロロ―1,1,1,2,2―ペンタフルオロプロパン系組成物 |
JPH0393888A (ja) * | 1989-09-06 | 1991-04-18 | Daikin Ind Ltd | 作動流体 |
US4971212A (en) * | 1989-10-06 | 1990-11-20 | Owens-Illinois Closure Inc. | Tamper indicating packages |
US4994890A (en) * | 1989-11-27 | 1991-02-19 | Snap-On Tools Corporation | Rectifier structure with individual links |
US5053155A (en) * | 1989-12-19 | 1991-10-01 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Compositions and process for use in refrigeration |
DE4003272A1 (de) * | 1990-02-03 | 1991-08-08 | Boehringer Ingelheim Kg | Neue treibgasmischungen und ihre verwendung in arzneimittelzubereitungen |
JP2870095B2 (ja) * | 1990-03-06 | 1999-03-10 | 旭硝子株式会社 | ジクロロペンタフルオロプロパン系組成物 |
CA2086841C (en) * | 1990-07-26 | 2000-05-02 | Donald Bernard Bivens | Near-azeotropic blends for use as refrigerants |
JPH04110385A (ja) * | 1990-08-31 | 1992-04-10 | Daikin Ind Ltd | 熱伝達用流体 |
JPH04110388A (ja) * | 1990-08-31 | 1992-04-10 | Daikin Ind Ltd | 熱伝達用流体 |
JPH04288452A (ja) * | 1991-03-15 | 1992-10-13 | Daikin Ind Ltd | 冷凍機の運転方法 |
AU1642192A (en) | 1991-03-18 | 1992-10-21 | Allied-Signal Inc. | Non-azeotropic refrigerant compositions comprising difluoromethane; 1,1,1-trifluoroethane; or propane |
US5182040A (en) * | 1991-03-28 | 1993-01-26 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Azeotropic and azeotrope-like compositions of 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane |
US5648017A (en) | 1991-03-28 | 1997-07-15 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Azeotropic and azeotrope-like compositions of 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane and (iso) butane |
US5155082A (en) * | 1991-04-12 | 1992-10-13 | Allied-Signal Inc. | Catalyst for the manufacture of chlorofluorocarbons, hydrochlorofluorocarbons and hydrofluorocarbons |
DE4116274C2 (de) | 1991-05-17 | 1998-03-19 | Forschungszentrum Fuer Kaeltet | Kältemittel |
DE4121161A1 (de) * | 1991-06-27 | 1993-01-07 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur herstellung von urethan- oder urethan- und isocyanuratgruppen enthaltenden hartschaumstoffen und treibmittel enthaltende emulsionen hierfuer |
BE1005096A3 (fr) | 1991-07-10 | 1993-04-20 | Solvay | Procede pour la preparation de 1-chloro-1,1,3,3,3-pentafluoropropane et de 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane. |
JPH0585970A (ja) | 1991-09-25 | 1993-04-06 | Daikin Ind Ltd | 冷 媒 |
DE69232218T2 (de) * | 1991-10-11 | 2002-06-27 | Imperial Chemical Industries Plc, London | Arbeitsflüssigkeiten |
US7105152B1 (en) * | 1991-12-18 | 2006-09-12 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Suspension aerosol formulations |
US5250208A (en) | 1992-04-02 | 1993-10-05 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Ternary azeotropic compositions |
EP0644173A1 (en) | 1992-06-05 | 1995-03-22 | Daikin Industries, Limited | Processes for producing 1,1,1,2,3-pentafluoropropene and producing 1,1,1,2,3-pentafluoropropane |
EP0582451B1 (en) * | 1992-08-05 | 1997-12-10 | Nippon Oil Co., Ltd. | Refrigerator oil composition for fluoroalkane refrigerant |
GB2276392B (en) | 1993-02-22 | 1997-03-26 | D G P | Improved production of natural flavours and fragrances |
US5611210A (en) * | 1993-03-05 | 1997-03-18 | Ikon Corporation | Fluoroiodocarbon blends as CFC and halon replacements |
US5538659A (en) | 1993-03-29 | 1996-07-23 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Refrigerant compositions including hexafluoropropane and a hydrofluorocarbon |
US5370812A (en) * | 1993-06-28 | 1994-12-06 | Union Carbide Chemicals & Plastics Technology Corporation | Lubricant compositions for refrigerators comprising polyalkylene glycol and a hydrocarbon solvent |
DE4323264A1 (de) * | 1993-07-12 | 1995-01-19 | Hoechst Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von 2-H-Heptafluorpropan (Unterlagen zu P 43 24 054.7 gegeben) |
US5395997A (en) | 1993-07-29 | 1995-03-07 | Alliedsignal Inc. | Process for the preparation of hydrofluorocarbons having 3 to 7 carbon atoms |
DE69414403T2 (de) * | 1993-07-29 | 1999-05-06 | Alliedsignal Inc., Morristown, N.J. | Verfahren zur herstellung von 1,1,1,3,3 pentafluorpropan |
US6809226B1 (en) * | 1993-08-04 | 2004-10-26 | Solvay (Societe Anonyme) | Process for the preparation of 1-chloro-1-fluoroethane and/or 1,1-difluoroethane |
US5736062A (en) * | 1993-08-13 | 1998-04-07 | Ausimont S.P.A. | Azeotrope-like mixtures utilizable as refrigerating fluids |
US5510173A (en) * | 1993-08-20 | 1996-04-23 | Southwall Technologies Inc. | Multiple layer thin films with improved corrosion resistance |
US5578137A (en) | 1993-08-31 | 1996-11-26 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions including 1,1,1,2,3,4,4,5,5,5-decafluoropentane |
TW283164B (zh) | 1993-09-24 | 1996-08-11 | Du Pont | |
US5318996A (en) * | 1993-10-08 | 1994-06-07 | Basf Corporation | Rigid insulating polyurethane foams prepared from ternary blowing agent mixtures |
JPH07118596A (ja) * | 1993-10-25 | 1995-05-09 | Daikin Ind Ltd | 撥水撥油剤組成物およびその製法 |
US5571083A (en) | 1994-02-18 | 1996-11-05 | Lemelson; Jerome H. | Method and system for cell transplantation |
DE69507533T2 (de) | 1994-05-10 | 1999-06-02 | Calsonic Corp., Tokio/Tokyo | Klimaanlage mit Wärmepumpe |
US5446217A (en) * | 1994-05-16 | 1995-08-29 | Alliedsignal Inc. | Processes for the preparation of fluorinated olefins and hydrofluorocarbons using fluorinated olefin |
JP2818035B2 (ja) * | 1994-07-11 | 1998-10-30 | アライドシグナル・インコーポレーテッド | 1,1,1,3,3−ペンタフルオロプロパンの製造法 |
EP0770115B1 (en) | 1994-07-14 | 1998-12-09 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Refrigerant compositions |
JPH0867870A (ja) * | 1994-08-29 | 1996-03-12 | Daikin Ind Ltd | 冷媒組成物 |
US5866030A (en) * | 1994-09-07 | 1999-02-02 | Witco Corporation | Enhanced hydrocarbon lubricants for use with immiscible refrigerants |
US5792383A (en) * | 1994-09-07 | 1998-08-11 | Witco Corporation | Reduction of enterfacial tension between hydrocarbon lubricant and immiscible liquid refrigerant |
RU2073058C1 (ru) | 1994-12-26 | 1997-02-10 | Олег Николаевич Подчерняев | Озонобезопасная рабочая смесь |
US5714083A (en) | 1995-01-30 | 1998-02-03 | Turner; Donald E. | A non-flammable refrigerant fluid containing hexa fluoropropane and hydrocarbons |
US5520208A (en) * | 1995-04-03 | 1996-05-28 | Accumulators, Inc. | Resilient seal for a liquid-gas accumulator |
US5594159A (en) * | 1995-04-13 | 1997-01-14 | E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Producing CF3 CH2 CF3 and/or CF3 CH═CF2 by the conversion of alpha-hydroperfluoroisobutyric acid compounds |
CA2218890A1 (en) * | 1995-05-16 | 1996-11-21 | Dean S. Milbrath | Azeotrope-like compositions and their use |
US5632928A (en) * | 1995-05-31 | 1997-05-27 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Azeotrope (like) compositions with octafluorobutane, optionally chlorinated, and either perfluorodimethylcyclobutane or perfluorohexane |
US6013609A (en) | 1995-07-10 | 2000-01-11 | Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. | Refrigerator oil and process for lubrication using the refrigerator oil |
US6875370B2 (en) * | 1996-03-05 | 2005-04-05 | George H. Goble | Drop-in Substitutes for dichlorodifluoromethane refrigerant |
IT1277085B1 (it) * | 1995-12-14 | 1997-11-04 | Ausimont Spa | Composizioni ternarie quasi azeotropiche costituite da fluorocarburi idrogenati e idrocarburi adatte come fluidi refrigeranti |
US6235951B1 (en) * | 1996-01-17 | 2001-05-22 | Central Glass Company, Limited | Method for producing 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane |
US6688118B1 (en) * | 1996-03-01 | 2004-02-10 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Azeotropic compositions of cyclopentane |
US6316681B1 (en) | 1996-03-05 | 2001-11-13 | Central Glass Company, Limited | Method for producing 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane |
US5830923A (en) * | 1996-05-22 | 1998-11-03 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Foamed fluoropolymer |
JP3518169B2 (ja) * | 1996-05-31 | 2004-04-12 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | 1,1,1,3,3−ペンタフルオロプロパンの製造方法 |
JP3821514B2 (ja) * | 1996-06-20 | 2006-09-13 | セントラル硝子株式会社 | 1,3,3,3−テトラフルオロプロペンの製造法 |
US6111150A (en) * | 1996-06-20 | 2000-08-29 | Central Glass Company, Limited | Method for producing 1,1,1,3,3,-pentafluoropropane |
JP3465865B2 (ja) * | 1996-06-20 | 2003-11-10 | セントラル硝子株式会社 | 1,3,3,3−テトラフルオロプロペンの製造法 |
NZ334422A (en) | 1996-08-08 | 2000-01-28 | Donald E Turner | Nonflammable refrigerant consisting of hexafluoropropylene, chlorodifluoromethane and one or more hydrocarbons |
JPH10139697A (ja) | 1996-09-09 | 1998-05-26 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | 含フッ素炭化水素系組成物 |
US5710352A (en) | 1996-09-19 | 1998-01-20 | Alliedsignal Inc. | Vapor phase process for making 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane and 1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene |
US6300378B1 (en) * | 1996-09-27 | 2001-10-09 | University Of New Mexico | Tropodegradable bromine-containing halocarbon additives to decrease flammability of refrigerants foam blowing agents solvents aerosol propellants and sterilants |
US5900185A (en) * | 1996-09-27 | 1999-05-04 | University Of New Mexico | Tropodegradable bromine-containing halocarbon additives to decrease flammability of refrigerants, foam blowing agents, solvents, aerosol propellants, and sterilants |
US6023004A (en) * | 1996-11-12 | 2000-02-08 | Alliedsignal, Inc. | Liquid phase catalytic fluorination of hydrochlorocarbon and hydrochlorofluorocarbon |
US6369284B1 (en) * | 1997-01-31 | 2002-04-09 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Catalytic manufacture of pentafluoropropenes |
US5986151A (en) * | 1997-02-05 | 1999-11-16 | Alliedsignal Inc. | Fluorinated propenes from pentafluoropropane |
US6376727B1 (en) * | 1997-06-16 | 2002-04-23 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Processes for the manufacture of 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropene, 2-chloro-pentafluoropropene and compositions comprising saturated derivatives thereof |
JPH10309464A (ja) * | 1997-03-12 | 1998-11-24 | Daikin Ind Ltd | 1,1,1,3,3−ペンタフルオロプロパンの製造方法 |
JPH10265771A (ja) * | 1997-03-24 | 1998-10-06 | Sanai:Kk | 作動媒体 |
GB9707130D0 (en) * | 1997-04-08 | 1997-05-28 | Advanced Phytonics Ltd | Solvent extraction |
US5788886A (en) | 1997-05-05 | 1998-08-04 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Pentafluoropropane compositions |
US5988517A (en) * | 1997-06-09 | 1999-11-23 | Ford Global Technologies, Inc. | Method and system for controlling an automotive HVAC system based on the principle of HVAC work |
JPH11388A (ja) * | 1997-06-12 | 1999-01-06 | Nippon Mizushiyori Giken:Kk | 消臭抗菌粉材 |
FR2764883B1 (fr) * | 1997-06-18 | 1999-07-16 | Atochem Elf Sa | Procede de fabrication d'hydrofluoroalcanes |
EP0885952A1 (fr) * | 1997-06-20 | 1998-12-23 | Elf Atochem S.A. | Composition de nettoyage et de dégraissage sans point d'éclair |
US6031011A (en) * | 1997-06-25 | 2000-02-29 | University Of New Mexico | Tropodegradable bromine-containing halocarbons as foam blowing agents |
US5969198A (en) * | 1997-06-27 | 1999-10-19 | Alliedsignal Inc. | Process for the preparation of 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane |
US6031141A (en) * | 1997-08-25 | 2000-02-29 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Fluoroolefin manufacturing process |
WO1999015691A1 (fr) | 1997-09-24 | 1999-04-01 | Snow Brand Milk Products Co., Ltd. | Procede permettant de diagnostiquer un dysfonctionnement du metabolisme osseux |
JP4079482B2 (ja) * | 1997-10-02 | 2008-04-23 | セントラル硝子株式会社 | ハロゲン化プロパンの製造法 |
US6089032A (en) * | 1998-10-28 | 2000-07-18 | Interdynamics Inc. | Method of retrofitting air conditioner and system therefor |
JP3886229B2 (ja) | 1997-11-11 | 2007-02-28 | セントラル硝子株式会社 | 1,3,3,3−テトラフルオロプロペンの製造法 |
AU1594099A (en) * | 1997-11-18 | 1999-06-07 | Allied-Signal Inc. | Hydrofluorocarbon refrigerants |
US5811603A (en) * | 1997-12-01 | 1998-09-22 | Elf Atochem North America, Inc. | Gas phase fluorination of 1230za |
US6092589A (en) * | 1997-12-16 | 2000-07-25 | York International Corporation | Counterflow evaporator for refrigerants |
US5856595A (en) | 1998-03-03 | 1999-01-05 | Alliedsignal Inc. | Purified 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane and method for making same |
DE69919536T2 (de) * | 1998-06-02 | 2005-09-01 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Co., Wilmington | Verfahren zur herstellung von hexafluorpropen und gegebenenfalls weiteren halogenierten fluor enthaltenden kohlenwasserstoffen |
DE19830628C1 (de) | 1998-07-09 | 2000-04-20 | Lauffer Maschf | Verfahren zum Verpressen von Mehrlagenleiterplatten (Multilayer) |
US6124510A (en) * | 1998-07-21 | 2000-09-26 | Elf Atochem North America, Inc. | 1234ze preparation |
US6045444A (en) * | 1998-08-28 | 2000-04-04 | General Motors Corporation | Compact automotive air conditioning module |
JP3804289B2 (ja) * | 1998-09-22 | 2006-08-02 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | 1,1,1,3,3−ペンタフルオロプロパン及び/又は1−クロロ−3,3,3−トリフルオロプロペンの製造方法 |
US6059027A (en) * | 1998-11-12 | 2000-05-09 | Daimlerchrysler Corporation | Anti-fog controller for reversible air conditioning and heat pump HVAC system for electric vehicles |
JP4389389B2 (ja) * | 1998-11-13 | 2009-12-24 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | 1,1,1,3,3−ペンタフルオロプロパンおよび1,1,1−トリフルオロ−3−クロロ−2−プロペンから成る共沸組成物およびそれを用いる分離精製方法、ならびに1,1,1,3,3−ペンタフルオロプロパンおよび1,1,1−トリフルオロ−3−クロロ−2−プロペンの製造方法 |
JP2000169404A (ja) | 1998-12-11 | 2000-06-20 | Tosoh Corp | 含フッ素オレフィン類の臭素化方法 |
US6076372A (en) * | 1998-12-30 | 2000-06-20 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | Variable load refrigeration system particularly for cryogenic temperatures |
US6881354B2 (en) * | 1998-12-30 | 2005-04-19 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | Multicomponent refrigerant fluids for low and cryogenic temperatures |
US6176102B1 (en) * | 1998-12-30 | 2001-01-23 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | Method for providing refrigeration |
US6327866B1 (en) * | 1998-12-30 | 2001-12-11 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | Food freezing method using a multicomponent refrigerant |
US6041621A (en) | 1998-12-30 | 2000-03-28 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | Single circuit cryogenic liquefaction of industrial gas |
US5969188A (en) * | 1999-01-05 | 1999-10-19 | Nipa Hardwicke, Inc. | Process for producing trifluoromethylacetophenones |
US6374629B1 (en) * | 1999-01-25 | 2002-04-23 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Lubricant refrigerant composition for hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) refrigerants |
US6254292B1 (en) * | 1999-02-19 | 2001-07-03 | Hewlett Packard Company | Pin-supported and -aligned linear encoder strip for a scanning incremental printer |
US6086788A (en) * | 1999-03-15 | 2000-07-11 | Alliedsignal Inc. | Hydrofluorocarbon blown foam and method for preparation thereof |
US6783691B1 (en) * | 1999-03-22 | 2004-08-31 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Compositions of difluoromethane, pentafluoroethane, 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane and hydrocarbons |
JP4356149B2 (ja) * | 1999-08-23 | 2009-11-04 | 旭硝子株式会社 | 1,1,1,3,3−ペンタフルオロプロパンの処理方法 |
US6304803B1 (en) * | 1999-09-22 | 2001-10-16 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | HVAC control system for an automobile |
US6606868B1 (en) * | 1999-10-04 | 2003-08-19 | Refrigerant Products, Ltd. | R 22 replacement refrigerant |
DE19949284A1 (de) | 1999-10-12 | 2001-04-19 | Basf Ag | Chirale Verbindung und deren Verwendung als chirale Dotierstoffe zur Herstellung von cholesterisch-flüssigkristallinen Zusammensetzungen |
US6382305B1 (en) * | 1999-10-15 | 2002-05-07 | Calsonic Kansei Corporation | Heating ventilation, and air conditioning unit for automotive vehicles |
US6589355B1 (en) | 1999-10-29 | 2003-07-08 | Alliedsignal Inc. | Cleaning processes using hydrofluorocarbon and/or hydrochlorofluorocarbon compounds |
EP1234810B1 (en) * | 1999-11-29 | 2007-01-10 | Daikin Industries, Ltd. | Process for the production of halogenofluorocarbons |
US6260380B1 (en) * | 2000-03-23 | 2001-07-17 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | Cryogenic air separation process for producing liquid oxygen |
CA2408549A1 (en) | 2000-05-11 | 2001-11-15 | Altarex Corp. | Therapeutic method and composition utilizing antigen-antibody complexation and presentation by dendritic cells |
JP2004513189A (ja) | 2000-07-17 | 2004-04-30 | ハネウェル・インターナショナル・インコーポレーテッド | 担持された触媒系 |
KR20020019682A (ko) * | 2000-09-06 | 2002-03-13 | 권오석 | 고온용 혼합 냉매 조성물 |
US6516837B2 (en) | 2000-09-27 | 2003-02-11 | Honeywell International Inc. | Method of introducing refrigerants into refrigeration systems |
US6589356B1 (en) | 2000-09-29 | 2003-07-08 | Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Co., Ltd | Method for cleaning a silicon-based substrate without NH4OH vapor damage |
WO2002036232A1 (en) * | 2000-11-06 | 2002-05-10 | Ineos Fluor Holdings Limited | Solvent extraction process |
US6962665B2 (en) | 2000-12-08 | 2005-11-08 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Refrigerant compositions containing a compatibilizer |
US6991744B2 (en) * | 2000-12-08 | 2006-01-31 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Refrigerant compositions containing a compatibilizer |
US6616837B2 (en) | 2001-01-03 | 2003-09-09 | Innovative Engineering Systems, Ltd. | Apparatus for the optimization of the rheological characteristics of viscous fluids |
US6673264B2 (en) * | 2001-06-01 | 2004-01-06 | Honeywell International Inc. | Azeotrope-like compositions of 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluorobutane and hydrogen fluoride |
US6548719B1 (en) * | 2001-09-25 | 2003-04-15 | Honeywell International | Process for producing fluoroolefins |
JP2003148818A (ja) * | 2001-11-09 | 2003-05-21 | Kuresuto Japan Kk | 環境温度の調節方法 |
DE10203779A1 (de) * | 2002-01-30 | 2003-07-31 | Solvay Fluor & Derivate | Gemische mit 1,1,1,3,3-Pentalfluorbutan und 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-Heptafluorpropan |
WO2004003098A2 (en) * | 2002-06-27 | 2004-01-08 | Goble George H | Nonflammable, nonozone depleting, refrigerant mixtures suitable for use in mineral oil |
JP4271415B2 (ja) * | 2002-07-15 | 2009-06-03 | セントラル硝子株式会社 | 1,3,3,3−テトラフルオロプロペンの製造方法 |
CN1279007C (zh) * | 2002-08-22 | 2006-10-11 | 纳幕尔杜邦公司 | 制备2-氯-1,1,1,2,3,3,3-七氟丙烷,六氟丙烯和1,1,1,2,3,3,3-七氟丙烷的方法 |
JP2004110388A (ja) | 2002-09-18 | 2004-04-08 | Sharp Corp | タッチパネルを有する装置 |
GB0223724D0 (en) * | 2002-10-11 | 2002-11-20 | Rhodia Organique Fine Ltd | Refrigerant compositions |
ES2728672T3 (es) * | 2002-10-25 | 2019-10-28 | Honeywell Int Inc | Composiciones que contienen olefinas sustituidas con flúor |
US20040089839A1 (en) | 2002-10-25 | 2004-05-13 | Honeywell International, Inc. | Fluorinated alkene refrigerant compositions |
US7279451B2 (en) | 2002-10-25 | 2007-10-09 | Honeywell International Inc. | Compositions containing fluorine substituted olefins |
US20080292564A1 (en) * | 2002-10-25 | 2008-11-27 | Honeywell International, Inc. | Aerosol compositions containing fluorine substituted olefins and methods and systems using same |
US7230146B2 (en) * | 2003-10-27 | 2007-06-12 | Honeywell International Inc. | Process for producing fluoropropenes |
JP4110385B2 (ja) * | 2002-12-02 | 2008-07-02 | 日本電気株式会社 | 電力制限器 |
JP4110388B2 (ja) * | 2003-01-10 | 2008-07-02 | 荒川化学工業株式会社 | 金めっき部品用洗浄剤およびすすぎ剤並びに洗浄方法およびすすぎ方法 |
JP2006516545A (ja) * | 2003-02-04 | 2006-07-06 | クリサリス テクノロジーズ インコーポレイテッド | パーフルオロカーボン及びハイドロフルオロカーボン製剤及びその製法及び使用法 |
US7223351B2 (en) * | 2003-04-17 | 2007-05-29 | Great Lakes Chemical Corporation | Fire extinguishing mixtures, methods and systems |
US7592494B2 (en) | 2003-07-25 | 2009-09-22 | Honeywell International Inc. | Process for the manufacture of 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene |
US20110037016A1 (en) | 2003-10-27 | 2011-02-17 | Honeywell International Inc. | Fluoropropene compounds and compositions and methods using same |
US7248809B2 (en) * | 2003-11-17 | 2007-07-24 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Method of indicating a paper insertion direction and a printer driver using the same |
US6991532B2 (en) * | 2003-12-09 | 2006-01-31 | Valeo Climate Control Corp. | Method and apparatus for decontamination for automotive HVAC systems |
FR2865731B1 (fr) * | 2004-01-30 | 2007-09-07 | Solvay | Procede de fabrication d'un hydrofluoroalcane |
AU2005236038B2 (en) | 2004-04-16 | 2008-10-02 | Honeywell International Inc. | Azeotrope-like compositions of difluoromethane and trifluoroiodomethane |
US7413674B2 (en) | 2004-04-16 | 2008-08-19 | Honeywell International Inc. | Azeotrope-like trifluoroiodomethane compositions |
JP2008504373A (ja) * | 2004-04-16 | 2008-02-14 | ハネウェル・インターナショナル・インコーポレーテッド | ジフルオロメタン及びトリフルオロヨードメタンの共沸混合物様組成物 |
US7629306B2 (en) * | 2004-04-29 | 2009-12-08 | Honeywell International Inc. | Compositions comprising tetrafluoropropene and carbon dioxide |
CA2564903C (en) * | 2004-04-29 | 2012-12-04 | Honeywell International Inc. | Processes for synthesis of 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene |
US7620935B2 (en) | 2004-04-30 | 2009-11-17 | Microsoft Corporation | Generating programmatic interfaces from natural language expressions of authorizations for request of information |
US6958424B1 (en) * | 2004-12-10 | 2005-10-25 | Honeywell International Inc. | Process for fluoroalkenes |
US20060243944A1 (en) | 2005-03-04 | 2006-11-02 | Minor Barbara H | Compositions comprising a fluoroolefin |
TWI645031B (zh) | 2005-06-24 | 2018-12-21 | 哈尼威爾國際公司 | 含有經氟取代之烯烴之組合物及其用途 |
US20070098646A1 (en) * | 2005-11-01 | 2007-05-03 | Nappa Mario J | Aerosol propellants comprising unsaturated fluorocarbons |
US20070100010A1 (en) * | 2005-11-01 | 2007-05-03 | Creazzo Joseph A | Blowing agents for forming foam comprising unsaturated fluorocarbons |
US7388117B2 (en) | 2005-11-01 | 2008-06-17 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Azeotrope compositions comprising 1,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropene and hydrogen fluoride and uses thereof |
US7708903B2 (en) * | 2005-11-01 | 2010-05-04 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Compositions comprising fluoroolefins and uses thereof |
US7759532B2 (en) | 2006-01-13 | 2010-07-20 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Refrigerant additive compositions containing perfluoropolyethers |
GB0614080D0 (en) * | 2006-07-17 | 2006-08-23 | Ineos Fluor Holdings Ltd | Heat transfer compositions |
US9994751B2 (en) * | 2008-04-30 | 2018-06-12 | Honeywell International Inc. | Absorption refrigeration cycles using a LGWP refrigerant |
-
2004
- 2004-04-29 US US10/837,525 patent/US7279451B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2005
- 2005-04-29 PT PT182108837T patent/PT3498801T/pt unknown
- 2005-04-29 CN CN201410381845.XA patent/CN104178089B/zh active Active
- 2005-04-29 PT PT10011593T patent/PT2277977T/pt unknown
- 2005-04-29 PT PT100115922T patent/PT2308942T/pt unknown
- 2005-04-29 EP EP10011591.4A patent/EP2277984A3/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-04-29 CN CN201810610647.4A patent/CN108913098A/zh active Pending
- 2005-04-29 EP EP17172952.8A patent/EP3231851A1/en active Pending
- 2005-04-29 CN CN201610116812.1A patent/CN105885800B/zh active Active
- 2005-04-29 ES ES10011593T patent/ES2702969T3/es active Active
- 2005-04-29 FI FIEP18210883.7T patent/FI3498801T3/fi active
- 2005-04-29 SG SG10201503338YA patent/SG10201503338YA/en unknown
- 2005-04-29 JP JP2007511024A patent/JP4571183B2/ja active Active
- 2005-04-29 CA CA2826532A patent/CA2826532C/en active Active
- 2005-04-29 TW TW106100315A patent/TWI655174B/zh active
- 2005-04-29 TR TR2019/02847T patent/TR201902847T4/tr unknown
- 2005-04-29 WO PCT/US2005/014873 patent/WO2005105947A2/en active Application Filing
- 2005-04-29 CN CN201410381397.3A patent/CN104164216B/zh active Active
- 2005-04-29 TW TW094114061A patent/TW200615370A/zh unknown
- 2005-04-29 MY MYPI20051904A patent/MY137782A/en unknown
- 2005-04-29 MY MYPI20091285A patent/MY157881A/en unknown
- 2005-04-29 AU AU2005238537A patent/AU2005238537A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-04-29 ES ES10011594T patent/ES2773847T3/es active Active
- 2005-04-29 EP EP10011593.0A patent/EP2277977B1/en not_active Revoked
- 2005-04-29 DK DK18210883.7T patent/DK3498801T3/da active
- 2005-04-29 SI SI200532311T patent/SI3498801T1/sl unknown
- 2005-04-29 CN CN201711272871.9A patent/CN107974239B/zh active Active
- 2005-04-29 EP EP18210883.7A patent/EP3498801B1/en active Active
- 2005-04-29 PL PL05744161T patent/PL1716216T3/pl unknown
- 2005-04-29 CN CN201410381395.4A patent/CN104194726B/zh active Active
- 2005-04-29 AR ARP050101721A patent/AR050327A1/es active IP Right Grant
- 2005-04-29 PT PT05744161T patent/PT1716216E/pt unknown
- 2005-04-29 DK DK10011063.4T patent/DK2258802T3/en active
- 2005-04-29 CA CA3023293A patent/CA3023293C/en active Active
- 2005-04-29 EP EP10011592.2A patent/EP2308942B1/en active Active
- 2005-04-29 CN CN201711255460.9A patent/CN107828383B/zh active Active
- 2005-04-29 CN CN201410381425.1A patent/CN104164217B/zh active Active
- 2005-04-29 CN CN201610116733.0A patent/CN105907375A/zh active Pending
- 2005-04-29 MY MYPI2012003425A patent/MY180851A/en unknown
- 2005-04-29 EP EP10011594.8A patent/EP2311923B1/en active Active
- 2005-04-29 MY MYPI2017001170A patent/MY195233A/en unknown
- 2005-04-29 TW TW102123381A patent/TWI507515B/zh active
- 2005-04-29 EP EP10011562.5A patent/EP2277975A3/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-04-29 RU RU2006130970/04A patent/RU2435821C2/ru active
- 2005-04-29 SI SI200531922T patent/SI2314655T1/sl unknown
- 2005-04-29 PT PT100114719T patent/PT2314655E/pt unknown
- 2005-04-29 DK DK10011471.9T patent/DK2314655T3/en active
- 2005-04-29 KR KR1020127015906A patent/KR101389415B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2005-04-29 PL PL10011593T patent/PL2277977T3/pl unknown
- 2005-04-29 SI SI200532181T patent/SI2085422T1/en unknown
- 2005-04-29 ES ES10011471.9T patent/ES2526122T3/es active Active
- 2005-04-29 HU HUE10011592A patent/HUE045753T2/hu unknown
- 2005-04-29 PL PL10011471T patent/PL2314655T3/pl unknown
- 2005-04-29 DE DE05744161T patent/DE05744161T1/de active Pending
- 2005-04-29 CN CN201711255631.8A patent/CN107936926A/zh active Pending
- 2005-04-29 EP EP10011590.6A patent/EP2280049A3/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-04-29 SI SI200530916T patent/SI1716216T1/sl unknown
- 2005-04-29 PL PL10011594T patent/PL2311923T3/pl unknown
- 2005-04-29 EP EP10011471.9A patent/EP2314655B1/en not_active Revoked
- 2005-04-29 PT PT100115948T patent/PT2311923T/pt unknown
- 2005-04-29 ES ES18210883T patent/ES2940070T3/es active Active
- 2005-04-29 ES ES10011630T patent/ES2551936T5/es active Active
- 2005-04-29 LT LTEP09160311.8T patent/LT2085422T/lt unknown
- 2005-04-29 CN CN201810610644.0A patent/CN108676548A/zh active Pending
- 2005-04-29 CN CN201410381419.6A patent/CN104194727A/zh active Pending
- 2005-04-29 EP EP10011063.4A patent/EP2258802B1/en active Active
- 2005-04-29 EP EP10011472.7A patent/EP2277974A3/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-04-29 CN CN201410381421.3A patent/CN104194728A/zh active Pending
- 2005-04-29 CN CN201410344522.3A patent/CN104164215B/zh active Active
- 2005-04-29 TW TW106108070A patent/TWI628272B/zh active
- 2005-04-29 CN CN201210530088.9A patent/CN103146348B/zh not_active Ceased
- 2005-04-29 CN CN202110380033.3A patent/CN113105870A/zh active Pending
- 2005-04-29 PT PT10011063T patent/PT2258802T/pt unknown
- 2005-04-29 HU HUE10011593A patent/HUE041437T2/hu unknown
- 2005-04-29 CN CN202211636053.3A patent/CN115926750A/zh active Pending
- 2005-04-29 TW TW104132733A patent/TWI603945B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-04-29 CA CA3090371A patent/CA3090371A1/en active Pending
- 2005-04-29 EP EP20100011363 patent/EP2311904A3/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-04-29 DK DK09160311.8T patent/DK2085422T3/en active
- 2005-04-29 HU HUE18210883A patent/HUE061246T2/hu unknown
- 2005-04-29 DK DK10011594.8T patent/DK2311923T3/da active
- 2005-04-29 EP EP05744161A patent/EP1716216B9/en not_active Revoked
- 2005-04-29 EP EP10011159.0A patent/EP2258755A3/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-04-29 EP EP09160311.8A patent/EP2085422B1/en not_active Revoked
- 2005-04-29 CN CN201410381447.8A patent/CN104194729B/zh active Active
- 2005-04-29 ES ES09160311.8T patent/ES2638296T3/es active Active
- 2005-04-29 KR KR1020137007919A patent/KR101412562B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2005-04-29 SG SG2011054988A patent/SG174022A1/en unknown
- 2005-04-29 ES ES10011063T patent/ES2713556T3/es active Active
- 2005-04-29 AT AT05744161T patent/ATE449148T1/de active
- 2005-04-29 DK DK10011592T patent/DK2308942T3/da active
- 2005-04-29 PL PL10011063T patent/PL2258802T3/pl unknown
- 2005-04-29 PL PL09160311T patent/PL2085422T3/pl unknown
- 2005-04-29 SG SG10201912078WA patent/SG10201912078WA/en unknown
- 2005-04-29 TW TW103115429A patent/TW201429925A/zh unknown
- 2005-04-29 PT PT91603118T patent/PT2085422T/pt unknown
- 2005-04-29 EP EP10011630.0A patent/EP2277969B2/en active Active
- 2005-04-29 LT LTEP18210883.7T patent/LT3498801T/lt unknown
- 2005-04-29 CN CN201710572726.6A patent/CN107286912A/zh active Pending
- 2005-04-29 RU RU2011133751A patent/RU2620423C2/ru active
- 2005-04-29 MY MYPI2017001169A patent/MY194689A/en unknown
- 2005-04-29 LT LTEP10011063.4T patent/LT2258802T/lt unknown
- 2005-04-29 BR BRPI0508245-5A patent/BRPI0508245A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2005-04-29 DK DK10011593.0T patent/DK2277977T3/en active
- 2005-04-29 HU HUE09160311A patent/HUE036821T2/hu unknown
- 2005-04-29 PL PL18210883.7T patent/PL3498801T3/pl unknown
- 2005-04-29 SI SI200532246T patent/SI2258802T1/sl unknown
- 2005-04-29 TR TR2018/19535T patent/TR201819535T4/tr unknown
- 2005-04-29 EP EP10011588.0A patent/EP2279670A3/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-04-29 CA CA2557873A patent/CA2557873C/en active Active
- 2005-04-29 SI SI200532238T patent/SI2277977T1/sl unknown
- 2005-04-29 CN CN200580013536.6A patent/CN101014680B/zh active Active
- 2005-04-29 PL PL10011592T patent/PL2308942T3/pl unknown
- 2005-04-29 CN CN201410381855.3A patent/CN104178090A/zh active Pending
- 2005-04-29 SG SG200800820-3A patent/SG139767A1/en unknown
- 2005-04-29 ES ES05744161T patent/ES2306635T3/es active Active
- 2005-04-29 CN CN201610116772.0A patent/CN105885799B/zh active Active
- 2005-04-29 HU HUE10011063A patent/HUE041655T2/hu unknown
- 2005-04-29 ES ES10011592T patent/ES2752044T3/es active Active
- 2005-04-29 DE DE602005017746T patent/DE602005017746D1/de active Active
-
2006
- 2006-08-28 ZA ZA200607176A patent/ZA200607176B/xx unknown
- 2006-08-29 IL IL177743A patent/IL177743A/en active IP Right Grant
- 2006-08-29 KR KR1020067017489A patent/KR101377933B1/ko active IP Right Grant
-
2007
- 2007-08-29 US US11/847,192 patent/US9518225B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2009
- 2009-03-26 US US12/412,342 patent/US8065882B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2010
- 2010-07-23 JP JP2010165520A patent/JP5628578B2/ja active Active
- 2010-07-23 JP JP2010165521A patent/JP5628579B2/ja active Active
-
2011
- 2011-03-18 AU AU2011201225A patent/AU2011201225B2/en active Active
- 2011-04-18 AR ARP110101332A patent/AR083623A2/es active IP Right Grant
-
2013
- 2013-03-15 US US13/844,206 patent/US9695363B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2013-04-10 IL IL225660A patent/IL225660A0/en unknown
- 2013-05-31 JP JP2013115631A patent/JP5903073B2/ja active Active
- 2013-05-31 JP JP2013115655A patent/JP5458204B2/ja active Active
- 2013-09-10 JP JP2013187273A patent/JP2014012853A/ja active Pending
-
2014
- 2014-03-26 US US14/225,588 patent/US9157017B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2014-04-04 US US14/245,406 patent/US9708537B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2014-11-26 JP JP2014238913A patent/JP5689562B1/ja active Active
-
2015
- 2015-02-09 JP JP2015022935A patent/JP2015091998A/ja active Pending
- 2015-02-09 JP JP2015023031A patent/JP6076389B2/ja active Active
- 2015-09-24 US US14/864,005 patent/US20160017231A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2016
- 2016-08-08 JP JP2016155508A patent/JP6236127B2/ja active Active
- 2016-11-11 US US15/349,145 patent/US20170233623A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2017
- 2017-03-06 JP JP2017041733A patent/JP2017128733A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 2017-05-16 RU RU2017117009A patent/RU2017117009A/ru not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2017-10-25 JP JP2017205867A patent/JP2018021207A/ja active Pending
-
2018
- 2018-08-05 IL IL260982A patent/IL260982B/en active IP Right Grant
- 2018-12-19 CY CY20181101370T patent/CY1121475T1/el unknown
-
2019
- 2019-03-05 CY CY20191100265T patent/CY1121490T1/el unknown
- 2019-04-25 JP JP2019083542A patent/JP2019116639A/ja active Pending
-
2020
- 2020-02-18 IL IL272736A patent/IL272736A/en unknown
- 2020-03-23 US US16/826,767 patent/US20200291281A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2020-09-03 JP JP2020147986A patent/JP2020193347A/ja active Pending
-
2022
- 2022-04-28 JP JP2022074316A patent/JP7411716B2/ja active Active
- 2022-11-07 JP JP2022177983A patent/JP7513682B2/ja active Active
-
2023
- 2023-12-11 JP JP2023208338A patent/JP2024015331A/ja active Pending
Also Published As
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP7411716B2 (ja) | フッ素置換オレフィンを含有する組成物 | |
KR101677581B1 (ko) | 플루오르 치환된 올레핀을 함유한 조성물들 | |
AU2013203627A1 (en) | Compositions containing fluorine substituted olefins | |
AU2014277871A1 (en) | Compositions containing fluorine substituted olefins | |
MXPA06009843A (en) | Compositions containing fluorine substituted olefins | |
AU2012202525A1 (en) | Compositions containing fluorine substituted olefins |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication | ||
WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20181130 |