CN108915687B - Steeply inclined subsection excavation integrated top coal caving coal mining method - Google Patents
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- CN108915687B CN108915687B CN201810712842.8A CN201810712842A CN108915687B CN 108915687 B CN108915687 B CN 108915687B CN 201810712842 A CN201810712842 A CN 201810712842A CN 108915687 B CN108915687 B CN 108915687B
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 97
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/18—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor for brown or hard coal
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D15/00—Props; Chocks, e.g. made of flexible containers filled with backfilling material
- E21D15/14—Telescopic props
- E21D15/44—Hydraulic, pneumatic, or hydraulic-pneumatic props
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F1/00—Ventilation of mines or tunnels; Distribution of ventilating currents
- E21F1/006—Ventilation at the working face of galleries or tunnels
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The steeply inclined subsection excavation integrated top coal caving coal mining method comprises the following steps: (1) selecting a coal bed; (2) dividing a coal seam into a plurality of mining areas, and dividing the coal seam into a plurality of rectangular subsections in one mining area along the coal seam inclination direction; (3) mining a section at the lowest part of a mining area; (4) carrying out stoping operation in a stoping roadway of a working face; (5) after the top coal is put, a transfer conveyor and a conveyor are used for carrying the coal; (6) mining the second segmented coal seam upwards; (7) and (4) sequentially carrying out mining operation on all the sublevel caving coals from bottom to top according to the construction method of the steps (3) to (6). The invention provides a sectional mining integrated coal mining method for a steep coal seam, which can realize top coal caving during coal mining in the process of tunneling a tunnel by a tunneling machine and when the tunneling machine is withdrawn, effectively improve the work efficiency, reduce the coal mining energy consumption, reduce the tunnel arrangement, reduce the mining cost and ensure the safety and high efficiency of coal mining work.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of coal seam mining, and particularly relates to a steeply inclined segmented mining integrated top coal caving coal mining method.
Background
At present, the reserve of the steeply inclined coal seam in China accounts for about 8% of the total reserve of coal, and although the reserve of the steeply inclined coal seam accounts for a small proportion, 40% of coal seams in a mining area in southern China are steeply inclined coal seams. For the exploitation of the steeply inclined coal seam in China, the main coal mining methods include a horizontal layering and inclined layering coal mining method, a steeply inclined coal seam strike longwall coal mining method, a horizontal sublevel caving coal mining method and the like. In view of the fact that the method adopts the separate operation of tunneling work and coal mining work, the number of tunneling roadways is large, the supporting difficulty is high, and the safety is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides the steeply inclined sectional mining integrated top coal caving coal mining method which reduces the work load of roadway excavation, reduces the supporting difficulty and ensures the safe and efficient production of a coal mine.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the steeply inclined subsection mining integrated top coal caving coal mining method comprises the following steps,
(1) selecting a coal seam with the thickness of 3-4m and the inclination angle of the coal seam of more than 55 degrees as a coal seam to be mined;
(2) dividing a coal seam into a plurality of mining areas, dividing the coal seam into a plurality of rectangular sections in a mining area according to a certain length along the inclined direction of the coal seam, wherein the running length of each section is 50m, and the inclined length along the coal seam is 8-10 times of the height of a roadway;
(3) mining a section at the lowest part of a mining area, respectively arranging an air return roadway and a stoping roadway at the upper part and the lower part of the section along the trend length, arranging an initial cutting roadway at the left side part of the section along the inclined direction of a coal bed, respectively communicating the upper end and the lower end of the initial cutting roadway with the left ends of the air return roadway and the stoping roadway, communicating the right end of the air return roadway with an air return uphill roadway, and communicating the right end of the stoping roadway with a transport uphill roadway, so as to form a ventilation loop;
(4) in a working face stoping roadway, carrying out stoping operation, after the heading of the stoping roadway is finished by a heading machine, arriving at a first cut roadway, withdrawing the stoping roadway rightwards, carrying out reinforced support on the heading machine, and in the withdrawal process, crushing and caving a coal seam above the roadway under the action of rock stratum pressure and support supporting force to realize top coal stoping, wherein the stoping height is 8-10 times of the height of the roadway, so that the stoping of the whole subsection is realized at one time;
(5) after the top coal is put, a transfer conveyor and a conveyor are used for carrying the coal, and the conveying capacity problem in the conveying process is adjusted in real time to adapt to the conveying in different mining stages; treating the goaf by using a caving method;
(6) mining the second segmented coal bed upwards, taking the return air roadway of the first segment as a mining roadway of the second segment, and performing mining operation on the second segmented caving coal according to the construction method in the steps (3) - (5);
(7) and (4) sequentially carrying out mining operation on all the sublevel caving coals from bottom to top according to the construction method of the steps (3) to (6).
The return air roadway and the recovery roadway in the step (3) are both excavated out by a heading machine, and the return air roadway and the recovery roadway are simply supported by I-steel additional hydraulic supports and are paved with metal nets; in the process of first cut roadway tunneling, tunneling is carried out by using a blasting tunneling mode, and supporting is carried out by using a hydraulic prop.
In the aspect of roadway drainage, a drainage ditch is dug in the process of tunneling a roadway, the drainage ditch is used for draining the water quantity of a working face, and a water pump is used for draining water in an area with large water accumulation quantity.
In the process of roadway ventilation, a press-in ventilation mode is used, and in the initial mining stage of tunneling an air return roadway, a stoping roadway and a first cutting roadway, airflow flows into the air return roadway from the stoping roadway through the first cutting roadway to form a ventilation loop; in the stoping stage, the air flow flows into the goaf from the stoping roadway, and flows into the return air roadway after the goaf is washed.
By adopting the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the excavation amount of the roadway is small, and after one subsection is mined, the sectioned return air roadway can be used as a normal recovery roadway of the next subsection, so that the roadway layout is reduced.
2. The coal mining method is simple and efficient, the arrangement of equipment on a working face is reduced by arranging the working face on a roadway and performing mining work by using a heading machine, and meanwhile, efficient mining can be realized by using a top coal caving technology.
3. The invention has simple and effective support, and can fully ensure the safe production of the working face by utilizing simple support such as I-steel additional hydraulic prop and the like and laying a metal net in the process of tunneling a roadway.
4. The invention has strong adaptability to stratum conditions, and can effectively reduce the influence of stratum conditions on coal mining work by arranging the coal face by utilizing the tunneling roadway when the coal seam encounters faults and folds.
In a word, the method for mining and excavating the steeply inclined coal seam in sections can realize top coal caving during coal mining in the process of tunneling a tunnel by the tunneling machine and when the tunneling machine is withdrawn, effectively improve the work efficiency, reduce the coal mining energy consumption, reduce the tunnel arrangement, reduce the mining cost and ensure the safety and high efficiency of coal mining work.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a plan view of a section of the present invention during mining of a coal seam.
Detailed Description
As shown in FIG. 1, the steeply inclined sectional mining integrated top coal caving mining method of the invention comprises the following steps,
(1) selecting a coal seam with the thickness of 3-4m and the inclination angle of the coal seam of more than 55 degrees as a coal seam 1 to be mined;
(2) dividing the coal seam 1 into a plurality of mining areas, dividing the coal seam 1 into a plurality of rectangular sections in a mining area according to a certain length along the inclined direction of the coal seam 1, wherein the running length of each section is 50m, and the inclined length along the coal seam 1 is 8-10 times of the roadway height;
(3) firstly, mining a section at the lowest part of a mining area, respectively arranging an air return roadway 2 and a stoping roadway 3 at the upper part and the lower part of the section along the trend length, arranging an initial cut roadway 4 at the left side part of the section along the inclined direction of a coal bed 1, respectively communicating the upper end and the lower end of the initial cut roadway 4 with the left ends of the air return roadway 2 and the stoping roadway 3, communicating the right end of the air return roadway 2 with an air return uphill roadway 5, and communicating the right end of the stoping roadway 3 with a transportation uphill roadway 6, so as to form a ventilation loop;
(4) in a working face stoping roadway 3, stoping operation is carried out, after the heading machine finishes heading the stoping roadway 3 and reaches a first cut roadway 4, the heading machine withdraws the stoping roadway 3 rightwards, and reinforcing support is carried out on the heading machine, in the withdrawal process, a coal seam 1 above the roadway starts to be broken and collapsed under the action of rock stratum pressure and support supporting force, stoping of top coal is realized, the stoping height is 8-10 times of the roadway height, and therefore stoping of the whole subsection is realized at one time;
(5) after the top coal is put, a transfer conveyor and a conveyor are used for carrying the coal, and the conveying capacity problem in the conveying process is adjusted in real time to adapt to the conveying in different mining stages; treating the goaf by using a caving method;
(6) mining the second segmented coal seam 1 upwards, taking the first return air roadway 2 as a second segmented mining roadway 3, and performing mining operation on the second segmented caving coal according to the construction method of the steps (3) - (5);
(7) and (4) sequentially carrying out mining operation on all the sublevel caving coals from bottom to top according to the construction method of the steps (3) to (6).
The return air roadway 2 and the stoping roadway 3 in the step (3) are both excavated out by a heading machine, and the return air roadway 2 and the stoping roadway 3 are simply supported by I-steel additional hydraulic supports and are paved with metal nets; in the heading process of the first cut tunnel 4, heading is carried out by using a blasting manner, and a hydraulic prop is used for supporting.
In the aspect of roadway drainage, a drainage ditch is dug in the process of tunneling a roadway, the drainage ditch is used for draining the water quantity of a working face, and a water pump is used for draining water in an area with large water accumulation quantity.
In the process of roadway ventilation, a press-in ventilation mode is used, and in the initial mining stage of the tunneling return air roadway 2, the stoping roadway 3 and the first cutting roadway 4, air current flows into the return air roadway 2 from the stoping roadway 3 through the first cutting roadway 4 to form a ventilation loop; in the stoping stage, the air flow flows into the goaf from the stoping roadway 3, and flows into the return air roadway 2 after the goaf is washed.
The present embodiment is not intended to limit the shape, material, structure, etc. of the present invention in any way, and any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention are within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. The steeply inclined subsection excavation integrated top coal caving coal mining method is characterized in that: comprises the following steps of (a) carrying out,
(1) selecting a coal seam with the thickness of 3-4m and the inclination angle of the coal seam of more than 55 degrees as a coal seam to be mined;
(2) dividing a coal seam into a plurality of mining areas, dividing the coal seam into a plurality of rectangular sections in a mining area according to a certain length along the inclined direction of the coal seam, wherein the running length of each section is 50m, and the inclined length along the coal seam is 8-10 times of the height of a roadway;
(3) mining a section at the lowest part of a mining area, respectively arranging an air return roadway and a stoping roadway at the upper part and the lower part of the section along the trend length, arranging an initial cutting roadway at the left side part of the section along the inclined direction of a coal bed, respectively communicating the upper end and the lower end of the initial cutting roadway with the left ends of the air return roadway and the stoping roadway, communicating the right end of the air return roadway with an air return uphill roadway, and communicating the right end of the stoping roadway with a transport uphill roadway, so as to form a ventilation loop;
(4) carrying out stoping operation in a stoping roadway of a working face, after the heading machine finishes the heading of the stoping roadway and reaches a first cut roadway, withdrawing the stoping roadway rightwards, carrying out reinforced support on the heading machine, and in the withdrawal process, crushing and caving a coal seam above the roadway under the action of rock stratum pressure and support supporting force to realize top coal stoping, wherein the stoping height is 8-10 times of the height of the roadway, so that the stoping of the whole subsection is realized at one time;
(5) after the top coal is put, a transfer conveyor and a conveyor are used for carrying the coal, and the conveying capacity problem in the conveying process is adjusted in real time to adapt to the conveying in different mining stages; treating the goaf by using a caving method;
(6) mining the second segmented coal bed upwards, taking the return air roadway of the first segment as a mining roadway of the second segment, and performing mining operation on the second segmented caving coal according to the construction method in the steps (3) - (5);
(7) sequentially carrying out mining operation on all the sublevel caving coals from bottom to top according to the construction method of the steps (3) to (6);
in the process of roadway ventilation, a press-in ventilation mode is used, and in the initial mining stage of tunneling an air return roadway, a stoping roadway and a first cutting roadway, air current flows into the air return roadway from the stoping roadway through the first cutting roadway to form a ventilation loop; in the stoping stage, the air flow flows into the goaf from the stoping roadway, and flows into the return air roadway after the goaf is washed.
2. The steeply inclined segmental mining integrated top coal caving mining method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the return air roadway and the recovery roadway in the step (3) are both excavated out by a heading machine, and the return air roadway and the recovery roadway are simply supported by I-steel additional hydraulic supports and are paved with metal nets; in the process of first cut roadway tunneling, tunneling is carried out by using a blasting tunneling mode, and supporting is carried out by using a hydraulic prop.
3. The steeply inclined segmental mining integrated top coal caving mining method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: in the aspect of roadway drainage, a drainage ditch is dug in the process of tunneling a roadway, the drainage ditch is used for draining the water quantity of a working face, and a water pump is used for draining water in an area with large water accumulation quantity.
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| CN1240874A (en) * | 1998-06-26 | 2000-01-12 | 湘潭工学院 | Method for mining caving coal in gallery of steeply inclined thin, medium-thick, or thick coal seam |
| CN101876253A (en) * | 2009-04-29 | 2010-11-03 | 宝钢集团新疆八一钢铁有限公司 | Working surface layout method for mining steeply dipping coal seam |
| RU2462593C1 (en) * | 2011-03-14 | 2012-09-27 | Учреждение Российской академии наук Институт угля Сибирского отделения РАН (ИУ СО РАН) | Method of development of thick steep coal bed in straps downstream |
| CN102251774B (en) * | 2011-06-28 | 2014-04-02 | 河南理工大学 | Fully mechanized coal mining method combining steeply inclined long-wall drilling type coal mining machine with hydraulic shield type supports |
| CN104314566B (en) * | 2014-08-21 | 2016-03-16 | 中煤科工集团重庆研究院有限公司 | Coal mining method for inclined cutting and subsection top coal caving of steep coal seam |
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