CN108914564A - 吸湿、透气、抗菌的聚氨酯合成革用水刺无纺布的制备方法 - Google Patents
吸湿、透气、抗菌的聚氨酯合成革用水刺无纺布的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN108914564A CN108914564A CN201810850750.6A CN201810850750A CN108914564A CN 108914564 A CN108914564 A CN 108914564A CN 201810850750 A CN201810850750 A CN 201810850750A CN 108914564 A CN108914564 A CN 108914564A
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- YWYZEGXAUVWDED-UHFFFAOYSA-N triammonium citrate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O YWYZEGXAUVWDED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trifluoroacetic acid Substances OC(=O)C(F)(F)F DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
吸湿、透气、抗菌的聚氨酯合成革用水刺无纺布的制备方法,将44.7g纯棉水刺非织造布浸渍甲酸水溶液70g,浸渍30~90min,将棉纺织纤维取出,放到质量浓度为15%的60g乙酸水溶液中,30~150min后取出,然后用体积比为70:30的乙醇与水的混合溶液100ml洗涤3~5次,烘干;将海藻酸钠0.8g、壳聚糖0.7g、乳化剂0.6g分散到蒸馏水160g中,60℃混合搅拌50min,加入改性棉纺织纤维和抗菌剂1.6g,浸渍30~90min,取出,然后在浸渍交联剂7g和三氟乙酸酐80g水中,反应0.5~3.5h,100℃烘干15~40min,水洗3~5次,烘干即可;将所得改性椰糠产物15g、羧基化石墨烯片材0.05g、聚氨酯粘合剂11.6g和物质A2.1g均匀撒在步骤(3)所得吸湿、透气的水刺用织造材料表面,将所得吸湿、透气的水刺用织造材料对折,压平,放到50℃烘箱中保温反应2~4h,既得吸湿、透气、抗菌的聚氨酯合成革用水刺无纺布。
Description
技术领域
本发明为涉及水刺用织造材料的制备方法,尤其是吸湿、透气、抗菌的聚氨酯合成革用水刺无纺布的制备方法。
背景技术
无纺布没有经纬线,剪裁和缝纫都非常方便,而且质轻容易定型,深受手工爱好者的喜爱。因为它是一种不需要纺纱织布而形成的织物,只是将纺织短纤维或者长丝进行定向或随机排列,形成纤网结构,然后采用机械、热粘或化学等方法加固而成。
它不是由一根一根的纱线交织、编结在一起的,而是将纤维直接通过物理的方法粘合在一起的,所以,当你拿到你衣服里的粘称时,就会发现,是抽不出一根根的线头的。非织造布突破了传统的纺织原理,并具有工艺流程短、生产速率快,产量高、成本低、用途广、原料来源多等特点。
纺粘布与无纺布是从属关系。无纺布的制造有许多的生产工艺,其中纺粘法是其中的一种无纺布生产工艺(包括纺粘法、熔喷法、热轧法、水刺法,现市面上大部分都是用纺粘法生产的无纺布);无纺布根据成分,有涤纶、丙纶、锦纶、氨纶、腈纶等;不同的成分会有截然不同的无纺布风格。而纺粘布,通常指的是涤纶纺粘、丙纶纺粘;而这两种布的风格非常接近,通过高温测试才能判别出。
无纺布是一种非织造布,它是直接利用高聚物切片、短纤维或长丝将纤维通过气流或机械成网,然后经过水刺,针刺,或热轧加固,最后经过后整理形成的无编织的布料。具有柔软、透气和平面结构的新型纤维制品,优点是不产生纤维屑,强韧、耐用、丝般柔软,也是增强材料的一种,而且还有棉质的感觉,和棉织品相比,无纺布的袋子容易成形,而且造价便宜。
其缺点在于1)与纺织布相比强度和耐久性较差;2)不能像其他布料一样清洗;3)纤维按一定方向排列、所以容易从直角方向裂开等等。因此生产方法的改善主要放在防止分裂的改良上。(4)吸水性差;无纺布制品色彩丰富、鲜艳明丽、时尚环保、用途广泛、美观大方,图案和款式都多样,且质轻、环保、可循环再用,被国际公认为保护地球生态的环保产品。适用于农用薄膜、制鞋、制革、床垫、子母被、装饰、化工、印刷、汽车、建材,家具等行业,及服装衬布,医疗卫生一次性手术衣,口罩,帽,床单,酒店一次性台布,美容,桑拿乃至当今时尚的礼品袋,精品袋,购物袋,广告袋等等。环保产品,用途广泛,经济实惠。由于它的外观形似珍珠,又称为珍珠画布。
无纺布由包括化学纤维和植物纤维等在以水或空气作为悬浮介质的条件下在湿法或干法抄纸机上制成,虽为布而不经纺织故称其为无纺布。无纺布是新一代环保材料,具有强力好、透气防水、环保、柔韧、无毒无味,且价格便宜等优点。它是新一代环保材料,具有拒水、透气、柔韧、不助燃、无毒无刺激性、色彩丰富等特点。该材料若置于室外经自然分解,其最长寿命只有90天,置于室内在8年内分解,燃烧时无毒、无害、从而不污染环境,故环保由此而来。
(1)医疗、卫生用无纺布:手术衣、防护服、消毒包布、口罩、尿片、民用抹布、擦拭布、湿面巾、魔术毛巾、柔巾卷、美容用品、卫生巾、卫生护垫、及一次性卫生用布等。
(2) 家庭装饰用无纺布:贴墙布、台布、床单、床罩等。
(3)服装用无纺布:衬里、粘合衬、絮片、定型棉、各种合成革底布等。
(4)工业用无纺布;屋面防水卷材和沥青瓦的基材、增强材料、抛光材料、过滤材料、绝缘材料、水泥包装袋、土工布、包覆布等。
(5)农业用无纺布:作物保护布、育秧布、灌溉布、保温幕帘等。
(6)其它无纺布:太空棉、保温隔音材料、吸油毡、烟过滤嘴、袋包茶袋、鞋材等。
医疗卫生:手术衣,帽,罩,石膏药棉,妇女卫生巾,婴儿尿布,湿面巾,卫生内裤,防尘罩。
农业:丰收布,大棚布。
工业:软盘内衬,喇叭布,过滤材料,音箱隔音毡,密封环内衬,电缆布,玻璃钢增强巾,工业擦布,防震衬垫,绝缘材料,胶带基衬,管基衬,通风管道,沙皮布。
包装:复合水泥袋,箱包衬布,包装基衬,被絮,储放袋,移动式提花箱包布。
服装制鞋:服装衬,絮片,鞋头硬衬,鞋跟衬,内衣裤,人造鹿皮,合成革,保暖鞋衬,布鞋底衬。
汽车工业:废纺隔离热毡,防震毡,顶篷,坐垫内衬,地毯,车门内衬,汽车过滤芯,成型坐垫。
家用服饰:沙发内包布,地毯,贴墙布,擦镜布,茶叶袋,吸尘器滤袋,购物袋,印花床单,应酬罩,软垫,睡袋,干洗擦布,百洁布,窗帘,台布,灯罩,御藤席背面覆膜。
土木工程,建筑:加固,加筋,过滤,油毛毡底布,排水板,屋面防水材料,铁路,公路,护堤,水坡,港口隔音,下水道,防热,分离,排水。
其他用途:运载火箭,导弹头部防热锥体,尾喷管喉衬,高级印钞纸,航天飞机耐热瓦,地图布,挂历布,人造布,油画布等等。
椰糠是指椰子外壳的纤维粉末,是给椰子外壳纤维加工过程中脱落的一种纯天然的有机质介质,是加工后的椰子副产品或者废弃物。是椰糠的保水性好。可以充分保持植株生长所需的养分和水分,减少水分及养分的流失,可以让植株的根系在生长期吸收更多的水分和养分。二是椰糠的透气性好。可以有效防止植物的根系腐败,促使植物根系健康发育;还可以对土壤起到保护作用,避免土壤的泥浆化。是椰糠的成本较低。
201711233692.4一种无纺布用抗菌剂,由以下重量份数原料组成:乙醇40-50份、聚醚硅氧烷10-14份、防腐剂4-6份、甲醛1-3份、柠檬酸铵5-9份、二氧化钛8-12份、二氧化硅12-16份、氧化锌12-16份、氧化镁2-4份、氧化银2-4份、水60-70份。本发明的有益效果为:(1)原料来源丰富,制造成本低廉,制备方便,能使无纺布面料具有杀菌、除臭及抗紫外线功效,且耐水洗,无毒无害;(2)环保性强,持久度好,可以推广使用于纺织纤维制品。
发明内容
本发明涉及到吸湿、透气、抗菌的聚氨酯合成革用水刺无纺布的制备方法,将采用椰糠改性产物来提高材料的吸湿性,4-乙酰氧基苯乙烯和四烷基氟化铵提高其吸水效果,三氟乙酸酐提高抗菌剂的固定效果,保持抗菌效果的持久,二异丙基氨基锂和2-羟基丙三羧酸提高抗菌剂的抗菌效果,物质A提高聚氨酯粘合剂的分散性,使该聚氨酯具有吸湿、透气、抗菌性。
吸湿、透气、抗菌的聚氨酯合成革用水刺无纺布的制备方法,其特征在于:
(1)改性椰糠产物的制备:将经过粉碎到1-2mm的改性椰糠44.5g加入到32g二乙基次磷酸铝、二亚乙基三胺五乙酸3.1g,再加入180ml水,在95℃条件下搅拌反应1~2h,再加入酒石酸氢钾0.7g、二乙烯三胺五醋酸2.6g,60℃反应2h,再加入4-乙酰氧基苯乙烯0.5g和四烷基氟化铵6.2g,70℃反应1~3h,静置0.6h,于105℃干燥2h,得改性椰糠产物。
(2)改性棉纺织纤维的制备 :将44.7g纯棉水刺非织造布浸渍在质量分数 5%甲酸水溶液70g,25~60℃下浸渍30~90min,将棉纺织纤维取出,放到质量浓度为15%的60g乙酸水溶液 中,30~150min 后取出,然后用体积比为 70:30 的乙醇与水的混合溶液100ml洗涤3~5 次,烘干 ;
(3)吸湿、透气的水刺用织造材料的制备 :将海藻酸钠0.8g、壳聚糖0.7g、乳化剂0.6g分散到蒸馏水160g中,60℃混合搅拌50min,加入步骤(2)改性棉纺织纤维和抗菌剂1.6g,浸渍 30~90min,取出,然后在浸渍交联剂7g和三氟乙酸酐80g水中,反应0.5~3.5h, 100℃烘干15~40min ,水洗 3~5 次,烘干即可;
(4)吸湿、透气、抗菌的聚氨酯合成革用水刺无纺布的制备:将步骤(1)所得改性椰糠产物15g、羧基化石墨烯片材0.05g、聚氨酯粘合剂11.6g和物质A2.1g均匀撒在步骤(3)所得吸湿、透气的水刺用织造材料表面,将所得吸湿、透气的水刺用织造材料对折,压平,放到50℃烘箱中保温反应2~4h,既得吸湿、透气、抗菌的聚氨酯合成革用水刺无纺布。
乳化剂为硬脂酰乳酸钠、平平加O、羧甲基纤维素钠、双乙酰酒石酸单甘油酯DATEM的任意一种;
交联剂为3,4-二羟基苯乙酸、3-羟基苯乙酸、三甲基羟乙基丙二胺、羟乙基丙烯酰胺中的任意一种;
羧基化石墨烯片材:将石墨烯0.012g片材加入到浓硫酸400ml、4-硼酸三苯胺0.3g和3,4 ,5 -三氟苯硼酸 0.3g中混合,反应温度为80℃,在超声功率为500W、超声频率为100KHz的超声波清洗器中冷凝回流2h,超声后用450mL去离子水稀释,然后用直径为0.2μm的微孔滤膜抽滤,去离子水反复洗涤直至中性,最后在80℃下烘8h,研磨至微细粉末状,即得羧基化石墨烯片材,石墨烯为化学气相沉积法生产的石墨烯片材;
聚氨酯粘合剂的制备:由发明专利201510974180.8一种通透哑光水性聚氨酯乳液的制备方法及采用该方法制成的通透哑光水性聚氨酯乳液的实施例一制备而成。
所述的抗菌剂的制备方法为:5-羟基色氨酸10g、氢溴酸后马托品3~4g和2-溴-2-硝基-1,3-丙醇2~3g加入到三口烧瓶中,60℃下搅拌反应1~2h,再加入1,2,3,6-四氢-2,6-二氧代嘧啶-4-羧酸1~3g,70℃下搅拌反应1~3h,再加入2,3-吡嗪二羧酸1~2g、硫酸铝1~2g、水15~30g、二异丙基氨基锂2~3g和2-羟基丙三羧酸1.2g,于65℃下搅拌反应2~3h,45℃下真空干燥1h,得所述的抗菌剂。
物质A的制备方法为:将15g环己基丙酸甲酯、丙烯酸羟乙酯12g和0.5g对甲苯磺酸在90~120℃下进行酯交换反应1~2h,再加入2-羟基乙胺1.3g、丙烯酰胺1.4g和3-氨丙基三羟基硅烷1.3g,80~110℃下1~2h,再加入苄基氯(氯化苄)1~2g和三羟甲基丙烷1.2~1.6g,60~70℃下1~2h,40℃下烘干,得物质A。
本发明的优势在于:
(1)椰子副产品或者废弃物,是椰糠的保水性好,本发明利用椰糠的良好保水性能,将采用椰糠改性产物来提高材料的吸湿性,4-乙酰氧基苯乙烯和四烷基氟化铵提高其吸水效果,三氟乙酸酐提高抗菌剂的固定效果,保持抗菌效果的持久,二异丙基氨基锂和2-羟基丙三羧酸提高抗菌剂的抗菌效果,物质A提高聚氨酯粘合剂的分散性,使该聚氨酯具有吸湿、透气、抗菌性。
(2)石墨烯购买于重庆墨希科技有限公司,但发明不限于上述厂家。
具体实施方式
实例1
吸湿、透气、抗菌的聚氨酯合成革用水刺无纺布的制备方法,其特征在于:
(1)改性椰糠产物的制备:将经过粉碎到1-2mm的改性椰糠44.5g加入到32g二乙基次磷酸铝、二亚乙基三胺五乙酸3.1g,再加入180ml水,在95℃条件下搅拌反应1h,再加入酒石酸氢钾0.7g、二乙烯三胺五醋酸2.6g,60℃反应2h,再加入4-乙酰氧基苯乙烯0.5g和四烷基氟化铵6.2g,70℃反应1h,静置0.6h,于105℃干燥2h,得改性椰糠产物。
(2)改性棉纺织纤维的制备 :将44.7g纯棉水刺非织造布浸渍在质量分数 5%甲酸水溶液70g,25℃下浸渍30min,将棉纺织纤维取出,放到质量浓度为15%的60g乙酸水溶液 中,30min 后取出,然后用体积比为 70:30 的乙醇与水的混合溶液100ml洗涤 3 次,烘干 ;
(3)吸湿、透气的水刺用织造材料的制备 :将海藻酸钠0.8g、壳聚糖0.7g、硬脂酰乳酸钠0.6g分散到蒸馏水160g中,60℃混合搅拌50min,加入步骤(2)改性棉纺织纤维和抗菌剂1.6g,浸渍 30min,取出,然后在浸渍3,4-二羟基苯乙酸7g和三氟乙酸酐80g水中,反应0.5h, 100℃烘干15min ,水洗 3 次,烘干即可;
(4)吸湿、透气、抗菌的聚氨酯合成革用水刺无纺布的制备:将步骤(1)所得改性椰糠产物15g、羧基化石墨烯片材0.05g、聚氨酯粘合剂11.6g和物质A2.1g均匀撒在步骤(3)所得吸湿、透气的水刺用织造材料表面,将所得吸湿、透气的水刺用织造材料对折,压平,放到50℃烘箱中保温反应2h,既得吸湿、透气、抗菌的聚氨酯合成革用水刺无纺布。
羧基化石墨烯片材:将石墨烯0.012g片材加入到浓硫酸400ml、4-硼酸三苯胺0.3g和3 ,4 ,5 -三氟苯硼酸 0.3g中混合,反应温度为80℃,在超声功率为500W、超声频率为100KHz的超声波清洗器中冷凝回流2h,超声后用450mL去离子水稀释,然后用直径为0.2μm的微孔滤膜抽滤,去离子水反复洗涤直至中性,最后在80℃下烘8h,研磨至微细粉末状,即得羧基化石墨烯片材,石墨烯为化学气相沉积法生产的石墨烯片材;
聚氨酯粘合剂的制备:由发明专利201510974180.8一种通透哑光水性聚氨酯乳液的制备方法及采用该方法制成的通透哑光水性聚氨酯乳液的实施例一制备而成。
所述的抗菌剂的制备方法为:5-羟基色氨酸10g、氢溴酸后马托品3g和2-溴-2-硝基-1,3-丙醇2g加入到三口烧瓶中,60℃下搅拌反应1h,再加入1,2,3,6-四氢-2,6-二氧代嘧啶-4-羧酸1g,70℃下搅拌反应1h,再加入2,3-吡嗪二羧酸1g、硫酸铝1g、水15g、二异丙基氨基锂2g和2-羟基丙三羧酸1.2g,于65℃下搅拌反应2h,45℃下真空干燥1h,得所述的抗菌剂。
物质A的制备方法为:将15g环己基丙酸甲酯、丙烯酸羟乙酯12g和0.5g对甲苯磺酸在90℃下进行酯交换反应1h,再加入2-羟基乙胺1.3g、丙烯酰胺1.4g和3-氨丙基三羟基硅烷1.3g,80℃下1h,再加入苄基氯(氯化苄)1g和三羟甲基丙烷1.2g,60℃下反应1h,40℃下烘干,得物质A。
实例2
吸湿、透气、抗菌的聚氨酯合成革用水刺无纺布的制备方法,其特征在于:
(1)改性椰糠产物的制备:将经过粉碎到1-2mm的改性椰糠44.5g加入到32g二乙基次磷酸铝、二亚乙基三胺五乙酸3.1g,再加入180ml水,在95℃条件下搅拌反应2h,再加入酒石酸氢钾0.7g、二乙烯三胺五醋酸2.6g,60℃反应2h,再加入4-乙酰氧基苯乙烯0.5g和四烷基氟化铵6.2g,70℃反应3h,静置0.6h,于105℃干燥2h,得改性椰糠产物。
(2)改性棉纺织纤维的制备 :将44.7g纯棉水刺非织造布浸渍在质量分数 5%甲酸水溶液70g,60℃下浸渍90min,将棉纺织纤维取出,放到质量浓度为15%的60g乙酸水溶液中,150min 后取出,然后用体积比为 70:30 的乙醇与水的混合溶液100ml洗涤 5 次,烘干 ;
(3)吸湿、透气的水刺用织造材料的制备 :将海藻酸钠0.8g、壳聚糖0.7g、平平加O0.6g分散到蒸馏水160g中,60℃混合搅拌50min,加入步骤(2)改性棉纺织纤维和抗菌剂1.6g,浸渍 90min,取出,然后在浸渍3-羟基苯乙酸7g和三氟乙酸酐80g水中,反应3.5h,100℃烘干40min ,水洗5 次,烘干即可;
(4)吸湿、透气、抗菌的聚氨酯合成革用水刺无纺布的制备:将步骤(1)所得改性椰糠产物15g、羧基化石墨烯片材0.05g、聚氨酯粘合剂11.6g和物质A2.1g均匀撒在步骤(3)所得吸湿、透气的水刺用织造材料表面,将所得吸湿、透气的水刺用织造材料对折,压平,放到50℃烘箱中保温反应4h,既得吸湿、透气、抗菌的聚氨酯合成革用水刺无纺布。
羧基化石墨烯片材:将石墨烯0.012g片材加入到浓硫酸400ml、4-硼酸三苯胺0.3g和3 ,4 ,5 -三氟苯硼酸 0.3g中混合,反应温度为80℃,在超声功率为500W、超声频率为100KHz的超声波清洗器中冷凝回流2h,超声后用450mL去离子水稀释,然后用直径为0.2μm的微孔滤膜抽滤,去离子水反复洗涤直至中性,最后在80℃下烘8h,研磨至微细粉末状,即得羧基化石墨烯片材,石墨烯为化学气相沉积法生产的石墨烯片材;
聚氨酯粘合剂的制备:由发明专利201510974180.8一种通透哑光水性聚氨酯乳液的制备方法及采用该方法制成的通透哑光水性聚氨酯乳液的实施例一制备而成。
所述的抗菌剂的制备方法为:5-羟基色氨酸10g、氢溴酸后马托品4g和2-溴-2-硝基-1,3-丙醇3g加入到三口烧瓶中,60℃下搅拌反应2h,再加入1,2,3,6-四氢-2,6-二氧代嘧啶-4-羧酸3g,70℃下搅拌反应3h,再加入2,3-吡嗪二羧酸2g、硫酸铝2g、水30g、二异丙基氨基锂3g和2-羟基丙三羧酸1.2g,于65℃下搅拌反应3h,45℃下真空干燥1h,得所述的抗菌剂。
物质A的制备方法为:将15g环己基丙酸甲酯、丙烯酸羟乙酯12g和0.5g对甲苯磺酸在120℃下进行酯交换反应2h,再加入2-羟基乙胺1.3g、丙烯酰胺1.4g和3-氨丙基三羟基硅烷1.3g, 110℃下反应2h,再加入苄基氯(氯化苄)2g和三羟甲基丙烷1.6g, 70℃下2h,40℃下烘干,得物质A。
实例3
吸湿、透气、抗菌的聚氨酯合成革用水刺无纺布的制备方法,其特征在于:
(1)改性椰糠产物的制备:将经过粉碎到1-2mm的改性椰糠44.5g加入到32g二乙基次磷酸铝、二亚乙基三胺五乙酸3.1g,再加入180ml水,在95℃条件下搅拌反应2h,再加入酒石酸氢钾0.7g、二乙烯三胺五醋酸2.6g,60℃反应2h,再加入4-乙酰氧基苯乙烯0.5g和四烷基氟化铵6.2g,70℃反应3h,静置0.6h,于105℃干燥2h,得改性椰糠产物。
(2)改性棉纺织纤维的制备 :将44.7g纯棉水刺非织造布浸渍在质量分数 5%甲酸水溶液70g, 60℃下浸渍90min,将棉纺织纤维取出,放到质量浓度为15%的60g乙酸水溶液 中,150min 后取出,然后用体积比为 70:30 的乙醇与水的混合溶液100ml洗涤 5 次,烘干 ;
(3)吸湿、透气的水刺用织造材料的制备 :将海藻酸钠0.8g、壳聚糖0.7g、羧甲基纤维素钠0.6g分散到蒸馏水160g中,60℃混合搅拌50min,加入步骤(2)改性棉纺织纤维和抗菌剂1.6g,浸渍 90min,取出,然后在三甲基羟乙基丙二胺7g和三氟乙酸酐80g水中,反应3.5h, 100℃烘干20min ,水洗 4次,烘干即可;
(4)吸湿、透气、抗菌的聚氨酯合成革用水刺无纺布的制备:将步骤(1)所得改性椰糠产物15g、羧基化石墨烯片材0.05g、聚氨酯粘合剂11.6g和物质A2.1g均匀撒在步骤(3)所得吸湿、透气的水刺用织造材料表面,将所得吸湿、透气的水刺用织造材料对折,压平,放到50℃烘箱中保温反应3h,既得吸湿、透气、抗菌的聚氨酯合成革用水刺无纺布。
羧基化石墨烯片材:将石墨烯0.012g片材加入到浓硫酸400ml、4-硼酸三苯胺0.3g和3 ,4 ,5 -三氟苯硼酸 0.3g中混合,反应温度为80℃,在超声功率为500W、超声频率为100KHz的超声波清洗器中冷凝回流2h,超声后用450mL去离子水稀释,然后用直径为0.2μm的微孔滤膜抽滤,去离子水反复洗涤直至中性,最后在80℃下烘8h,研磨至微细粉末状,即得羧基化石墨烯片材,石墨烯为化学气相沉积法生产的石墨烯片材;
聚氨酯粘合剂的制备:由发明专利201510974180.8一种通透哑光水性聚氨酯乳液的制备方法及采用该方法制成的通透哑光水性聚氨酯乳液的实施例一制备而成。
所述的抗菌剂的制备方法为:5-羟基色氨酸10g、氢溴酸后马托品3.5g和2-溴-2-硝基-1,3-丙醇2.5g加入到三口烧瓶中,60℃下搅拌反应1.5h,再加入1,2,3,6-四氢-2,6-二氧代嘧啶-4-羧酸2g,70℃下搅拌反应2h,再加入2,3-吡嗪二羧酸1.5g、硫酸铝1.5g、水22g、二异丙基氨基锂2.5g和2-羟基丙三羧酸1.2g,于65℃下搅拌反应2h,45℃下真空干燥1h,得所述的抗菌剂。
物质A的制备方法为:将15g环己基丙酸甲酯、丙烯酸羟乙酯12g和0.5g对甲苯磺酸在110℃下进行酯交换反应1h,再加入2-羟基乙胺1.3g、丙烯酰胺1.4g和3-氨丙基三羟基硅烷1.3g,80℃下1h,再加入苄基氯(氯化苄)1g和三羟甲基丙烷1.2g,60℃下1h,40℃下烘干,得物质A。
实例4
吸湿、透气、抗菌的聚氨酯合成革用水刺无纺布的制备方法,其特征在于:
(1)改性椰糠产物的制备:将经过粉碎到1-2mm的改性椰糠44.5g加入到32g二乙基次磷酸铝、二亚乙基三胺五乙酸3.1g,再加入180ml水,在95℃条件下搅拌反应1.5h,再加入酒石酸氢钾0.7g、二乙烯三胺五醋酸2.6g,60℃反应2h,再加入4-乙酰氧基苯乙烯0.5g和四烷基氟化铵6.2g,70℃反应2h,静置0.6h,于105℃干燥2h,得改性椰糠产物。
(2)改性棉纺织纤维的制备 :将44.7g纯棉水刺非织造布浸渍在质量分数 5%甲酸水溶液70g,40℃下浸渍60min,将棉纺织纤维取出,放到质量浓度为15%的60g乙酸水溶液中,90min 后取出,然后用体积比为 70:30 的乙醇与水的混合溶液100ml洗涤4 次,烘干 ;
(3)吸湿、透气的水刺用织造材料的制备 :将海藻酸钠0.8g、壳聚糖0.7g、双乙酰酒石酸单甘油酯DATEM0.6g分散到蒸馏水160g中,60℃混合搅拌50min,加入步骤(2)改性棉纺织纤维和抗菌剂1.6g,浸渍 60min,取出,然后在浸渍羟乙基丙烯酰胺7g和三氟乙酸酐80g水中,反应2h, 100℃烘干30min ,水洗 4 次,烘干即可;
(4)吸湿、透气、抗菌的聚氨酯合成革用水刺无纺布的制备:将步骤(1)所得改性椰糠产物15g、羧基化石墨烯片材0.05g、聚氨酯粘合剂11.6g和物质A2.1g均匀撒在步骤(3)所得吸湿、透气的水刺用织造材料表面,将所得吸湿、透气的水刺用织造材料对折,压平,放到50℃烘箱中保温反应3h,既得吸湿、透气、抗菌的聚氨酯合成革用水刺无纺布。
羧基化石墨烯片材:将石墨烯0.012g片材加入到浓硫酸400ml、4-硼酸三苯胺0.3g和3 ,4 ,5 -三氟苯硼酸 0.3g中混合,反应温度为80℃,在超声功率为500W、超声频率为100KHz的超声波清洗器中冷凝回流2h,超声后用450mL去离子水稀释,然后用直径为0.2μm的微孔滤膜抽滤,去离子水反复洗涤直至中性,最后在80℃下烘8h,研磨至微细粉末状,即得羧基化石墨烯片材,石墨烯为化学气相沉积法生产的石墨烯片材;
聚氨酯粘合剂的制备:由发明专利201510974180.8一种通透哑光水性聚氨酯乳液的制备方法及采用该方法制成的通透哑光水性聚氨酯乳液的实施例一制备而成。
所述的抗菌剂的制备方法为:5-羟基色氨酸10g、氢溴酸后马托品3.5g和2-溴-2-硝基-1,3-丙醇2.5g加入到三口烧瓶中,60℃下搅拌反应1.5h,再加入1,2,3,6-四氢-2,6-二氧代嘧啶-4-羧酸2g,70℃下搅拌反应2h,再加入2,3-吡嗪二羧酸1.5g、硫酸铝1.5g、水22.5g、二异丙基氨基锂2.5g和2-羟基丙三羧酸1.2g,于65℃下搅拌反应2.5h,45℃下真空干燥1h,得所述的抗菌剂。
物质A的制备方法为:将15g环己基丙酸甲酯、丙烯酸羟乙酯12g和0.5g对甲苯磺酸在105℃下进行酯交换反应1.5h,再加入2-羟基乙胺1.3g、丙烯酰胺1.4g和3-氨丙基三羟基硅烷1.3g,95℃下1.5h,再加入苄基氯(氯化苄)1.5g和三羟甲基丙烷1.4g,65℃下1.5h,40℃下烘干,得物质A。
实例5
吸湿、透气、抗菌的聚氨酯合成革用水刺无纺布的制备方法,其特征在于:
(1)改性椰糠产物的制备:将经过粉碎到1-2mm的改性椰糠44.5g加入到32g二乙基次磷酸铝、二亚乙基三胺五乙酸3.1g,再加入180ml水,在95℃条件下搅拌反应1.5h,再加入酒石酸氢钾0.7g、二乙烯三胺五醋酸2.6g,60℃反应2h,再加入4-乙酰氧基苯乙烯0.5g和四烷基氟化铵6.2g,70℃反应1h,静置0.6h,于105℃干燥2h,得改性椰糠产物。
(2)改性棉纺织纤维的制备 :将44.7g纯棉水刺非织造布浸渍在质量分数 5%甲酸水溶液70g,60℃下浸渍70min,将棉纺织纤维取出,放到质量浓度为15%的60g乙酸水溶液中,70min 后取出,然后用体积比为 70:30 的乙醇与水的混合溶液100ml洗涤 4 次,烘干;
(3)吸湿、透气的水刺用织造材料的制备 :将海藻酸钠0.8g、壳聚糖0.7g、羧甲基纤维素钠0.6g分散到蒸馏水160g中,60℃混合搅拌50min,加入步骤(2)改性棉纺织纤维和抗菌剂1.6g,浸渍 40min,取出,然后在浸渍3,4-二羟基苯乙酸7g和三氟乙酸酐80g水中,反应1h, 100℃烘干20min ,水洗 4 次,烘干即可;
(4)吸湿、透气、抗菌的聚氨酯合成革用水刺无纺布的制备:将步骤(1)所得改性椰糠产物15g、羧基化石墨烯片材0.05g、聚氨酯粘合剂11.6g和物质A2.1g均匀撒在步骤(3)所得吸湿、透气的水刺用织造材料表面,将所得吸湿、透气的水刺用织造材料对折,压平,放到50℃烘箱中保温反应2h,既得吸湿、透气、抗菌的聚氨酯合成革用水刺无纺布。
羧基化石墨烯片材:将石墨烯0.012g片材加入到浓硫酸400ml、4-硼酸三苯胺0.3g和3 ,4 ,5 -三氟苯硼酸 0.3g中混合,反应温度为80℃,在超声功率为500W、超声频率为100KHz的超声波清洗器中冷凝回流2h,超声后用450mL去离子水稀释,然后用直径为0.2μm的微孔滤膜抽滤,去离子水反复洗涤直至中性,最后在80℃下烘8h,研磨至微细粉末状,即得羧基化石墨烯片材,石墨烯为化学气相沉积法生产的石墨烯片材;
聚氨酯粘合剂的制备:由发明专利201510974180.8一种通透哑光水性聚氨酯乳液的制备方法及采用该方法制成的通透哑光水性聚氨酯乳液的实施例一制备而成。
所述的抗菌剂的制备方法为:5-羟基色氨酸10g、氢溴酸后马托品3g和2-溴-2-硝基-1,3-丙醇3g加入到三口烧瓶中,60℃下搅拌反应2h,再加入1,2,3,6-四氢-2,6-二氧代嘧啶-4-羧酸3g,70℃下搅拌反应3h,再加入2,3-吡嗪二羧酸2g、硫酸铝2g、水15g、二异丙基氨基锂2g和2-羟基丙三羧酸1.2g,于65℃下搅拌反应3h,45℃下真空干燥1h,得所述的抗菌剂。
物质A的制备方法为:将15g环己基丙酸甲酯、丙烯酸羟乙酯12g和0.5g对甲苯磺酸在90℃下进行酯交换反应1.5h,再加入2-羟基乙胺1.3g、丙烯酰胺1.4g和3-氨丙基三羟基硅烷1.3g,110℃下1.5h,再加入苄基氯(氯化苄)1.2g和三羟甲基丙烷1.3g,65℃下2h,40℃下烘干,得物质A。
吸液率采用筛子法来测试1h吸收液体的量(参考张付舜在高分子科学与工程中发表的论文“高吸水树脂吸液率及其测定方法的研究”),透气性参考国家标准 GB /T5453—1997《纺织品织物透气性的测定》进行,每个试样测试5次,取平均值;
表1 吸湿、透气、抗菌的聚氨酯合成革用水刺无纺布的测试数据
实例1 | 实例2 | 实例3 | 实例4 | 实例5 | |
透气量(mm/s) | 441 | 439 | 426 | 411 | 401 |
吸液率/% | 603 | 612 | 623 | 615 | 606 |
大肠杆菌/% | 1.7 | 2.4 | 2.6 | 7.9 | 4.6 |
黑曲酶/% | 6.4 | 4.7 | 6.4 | 4.9 | 5.5 |
断裂强度/MPa | 24.4 | 31.4 | 26.7 | 28.9 | 27.8 |
断裂伸长率/% | 317 | 356 | 368 | 358 | 378 |
从表1中可以看出,本发明经过改性后,透气量和吸液率比较高,显示本发明中使用了改性材料明显提高材料的透气量和吸液率。
表2 测试数据(加改性椰糠产物,未加4-乙酰氧基苯乙烯或四烷基氟化铵)
实例1 | 实例2 | 实例3 | 实例4 | 实例5 | |
吸液率/%未加4-乙酰氧基苯乙烯 | 322 | 366 | 355 | 378 | 361 |
吸液率/%未加四烷基氟化铵 | 321 | 323 | 333 | 318 | 317 |
从表2中可以看出,加椰糠产物,而未加4-乙酰氧基苯乙烯或四烷基氟化铵,从中发现,4-乙酰氧基苯乙烯或四烷基氟化铵协助椰糠产物提高棉的吸液率。
表3 吸湿、透气、抗菌的聚氨酯合成革用水刺无纺布的测试数据(未加三氟乙酸酐)
实例1 | 实例2 | 实例3 | 实例4 | 实例5 | 对比例 | |
大肠杆菌/%(当天) | 13.2 | 13.6 | 12.3 | 15.7 | 14.9 | 36.9 |
黑曲酶/%(当天) | 18.9 | 13.5 | 13.4 | 16.2 | 15.8 | 36.6 |
大肠杆菌/%(180天) | 17.2 | 16.2 | 15.3 | 16.9 | 18.6 | 64.5 |
黑曲酶/%(180天) | 17.6 | 18.9 | 18.6 | 17.8 | 21.2 | 63.6 |
对比例采用201711233692.4的实例1(下同),未加三氟乙酸酐的抗菌效果下降, 三氟乙酸酐的抗菌效果持久。
表4 吸湿、透气、抗菌的聚氨酯合成革用水刺无纺布的测试数据(未加2-羟基丙三羧酸)
实例1 | 实例2 | 实例3 | 实例4 | 实例5 | 对比例 | |
大肠杆菌/% | 16.5 | 17.4 | 16.8 | 15.9 | 14.6 | 36.9 |
黑曲酶/% | 21.9 | 22.2 | 23.5 | 24.6 | 27.8 | 36.6 |
未加2-羟基丙三羧酸的抗菌效果下降(实例1,大肠杆菌48.9,黑曲酶55.6;)。
表5 吸湿、透气、抗菌的聚氨酯合成革用水刺无纺布的测试数据(未加二异丙基氨基锂)
实例1 | 实例2 | 实例3 | 实例4 | 实例5 | 对比例 | |
大肠杆菌/% | 13.5 | 18.6 | 19.7 | 18.4 | 17.7 | 36.9 |
黑曲酶/% | 24.5 | 25.2 | 24.7 | 28.7 | 28.4 | 36.6 |
未加二异丙基氨基锂的抗菌效果下降。
表6 吸湿、透气、抗菌的聚氨酯合成革用水刺无纺布的测试数据(未加物质A)
实例1 | 实例2 | 实例3 | 实例4 | 实例5 | |
透气量(mm/s) | 288 | 299 | 259 | 278 | 285 |
吸液率/% | 305 | 306 | 356 | 388 | 377 |
未加物质A的提高聚氨酯粘合剂的分散性。
表7 吸湿、透气、抗菌的聚氨酯合成革用水刺无纺布的测试数据(加物质A,未加氯化苄)
实例1 | 实例2 | 实例3 | 实例4 | 实例5 | |
透气量(mm/s) | 312 | 345 | 299 | 322 | 307 |
加物质A的提高聚氨酯粘合剂的分散性,加氯化苄对聚氨酯合成革用水刺无纺布透气量有很大影响,其透气量下降。
Claims (7)
1.吸湿、透气、抗菌的聚氨酯合成革用水刺无纺布的制备方法,其特征在于:
(1)改性椰糠产物的制备:将经过粉碎到1-2mm的改性椰糠44.5g加入到32g二乙基次磷酸铝、二亚乙基三胺五乙酸3.1g,再加入180ml水,在95℃条件下搅拌反应1~2h,再加入酒石酸氢钾0.7g、二乙烯三胺五醋酸2.6g,60℃反应2h,再加入4-乙酰氧基苯乙烯0.5g和四烷基氟化铵6.2g,70℃反应1~3h,静置0.6h,于105℃干燥2h,得改性椰糠产物;
(2)改性棉纺织纤维的制备 :将44.7g纯棉水刺非织造布浸渍在质量分数 5%甲酸水溶液70g,25~60℃下浸渍30~90min,将棉纺织纤维取出,放到质量浓度为15%的60g乙酸水溶液中,30~150min 取出,然后用体积比为 70:30 的乙醇与水的混合溶液100ml洗涤 3~5次,烘干 ;
(3)吸湿、透气的水刺用织造材料的制备 :将海藻酸钠0.8g、壳聚糖0.7g、乳化剂0.6g分散到蒸馏水160g中,60℃混合搅拌50min,加入步骤(2)改性棉纺织纤维和抗菌剂1.6g,浸渍 30~90min,取出,然后在浸渍交联剂7g和三氟乙酸酐80g水中,反应0.5~3.5h, 100℃烘干15~40min ,水洗 3~5 次,烘干即可;
(4)吸湿、透气、抗菌的聚氨酯合成革用水刺无纺布的制备:将步骤(1)所得改性椰糠产物15g、羧基化石墨烯片材0.05g、聚氨酯粘合剂11.6g和物质A2.1g均匀撒在步骤(3)所得吸湿、透气的水刺用织造材料表面,将所得吸湿、透气的水刺用织造材料对折,压平,放到50℃烘箱中保温反应2~4h,既得吸湿、透气、抗菌的聚氨酯合成革用水刺无纺布。
2.如权利要求1所述的吸湿、透气、抗菌的聚氨酯合成革用水刺无纺布的制备方法,乳化剂为硬脂酰乳酸钠、平平加O、羧甲基纤维素钠、双乙酰酒石酸单甘油酯DATEM的任意一种。
3.如权利要求1所述的吸湿、透气、抗菌的聚氨酯合成革用水刺无纺布的制备方法:交联剂为3,4-二羟基苯乙酸、3-羟基苯乙酸、三甲基羟乙基丙二胺、羟乙基丙烯酰胺中的任意一种。
4.如权利要求1所述的吸湿、透气、抗菌的聚氨酯合成革用水刺无纺布的制备方法:羧基化石墨烯片材:将石墨烯0.012g片材加入到浓硫酸400ml、4-硼酸三苯胺0.3g和3 ,4 ,5-三氟苯硼酸 0.3g中混合,反应温度为80℃,在超声功率为500W、超声频率为100KHz的超声波清洗器中冷凝回流2h,超声后用450mL去离子水稀释,然后用直径为0.2μm的微孔滤膜抽滤,去离子水反复洗涤直至中性,最后在80℃下烘8h,研磨至微细粉末状,即得羧基化石墨烯片材,石墨烯为化学气相沉积法生产的石墨烯片材。
5.如权利要求1所述的吸湿、透气、抗菌的聚氨酯合成革用水刺无纺布的制备方法:聚氨酯粘合剂的制备:由发明专利201510974180.8一种通透哑光水性聚氨酯乳液的制备方法及采用该方法制成的通透哑光水性聚氨酯乳液的实施例一制备而成。
6.如权利要求1所述的吸湿、透气、抗菌的聚氨酯合成革用水刺无纺布的制备方法:所述抗菌剂的制备方法为5-羟基色氨酸10g、氢溴酸后马托品3~4g和2-溴-2-硝基-1,3-丙醇2~3g加入到三口烧瓶中,60℃下搅拌反应1~2h,再加入1,2,3,6-四氢-2,6-二氧代嘧啶-4-羧酸1~3g,70℃下搅拌反应1~3h,再加入2,3-吡嗪二羧酸1~2g、硫酸铝1~2g、水15~30g、二异丙基氨基锂2~3g和2-羟基丙三羧酸1.2g,于65℃下搅拌反应2~3h,45℃下真空干燥1h,得所述的抗菌剂。
7.如权利要求1所述的吸湿、透气、抗菌的聚氨酯合成革用水刺无纺布的制备方法:物质A的制备方法为:将15g环己基丙酸甲酯、丙烯酸羟乙酯12g和0.5g对甲苯磺酸在90~120℃下进行酯交换反应1~2h,再加入2-羟基乙胺1.3g、丙烯酰胺1.4g和3-氨丙基三羟基硅烷1.3g,80~110℃下1~2h,再加入苄基氯(氯化苄)1~2g和三羟甲基丙烷1.2~1.6g,60~70℃下1~2h,40℃下烘干,得物质A。
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