CN108614005B - Method and system for testing thermophysical property parameters based on multilayer composite material - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for testing thermophysical parameters based on a multilayer composite material, which comprises the following steps: heating a multilayer composite material object to be tested by the system, and measuring a time temperature curve T (t) of the object to be tested; the system calculates and obtains the thermal resistance and the interface thermal resistance of each layer of material of the multilayer composite material in the vertical direction of the tested object; the system carries out simulation to obtain the heat conduction among the materials of each layer; the system measures the plane thermophysical parameters by adopting an Angstrom method and converts the plane thermophysical parameters into related thermophysical parameters. A system for testing thermophysical parameters based on a multilayer composite, comprising: the system comprises a time temperature curve acquisition module, a thermal resistance conversion module and a system simulation and thermophysical property parameter calculation module. Through the mode, the invention can measure the thermal resistance of the multilayer composite material in the vertical direction and the thermal diffusion coefficient of the multilayer composite material in the horizontal direction, simulate the thermal crosstalk direction of heat flow among the multilayer materials and can be widely applied to the field of material thermal test.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of material thermal testing, in particular to a method and a system for testing thermophysical parameters of a multilayer composite material.
Background
With the development of the microelectronic technology, electronic components are changed to be thin, light, small and multifunctional, the assembly density of the components is higher and higher, and the heat dissipation of power devices becomes a prominent problem. If the accumulated heat cannot be dissipated in time, the working temperature of components is increased, and the service life and reliability of various high-precision equipment are directly influenced. The heat-conducting high polymer material has the advantages of simple forming and processing, low cost, light weight and high chemical stability, and can be prepared into the heat-radiating composite material meeting the requirements through formula adjustment. The multilayer composite material has become a key for solving the heat dissipation problem of electronic equipment in the future, and it is important for researchers to accurately test corresponding thermophysical parameters after the composite material is synthesized. The thermal physical parameters, interface thermal resistance and the like of the material can be accurately known, so that whether the material performance meets the requirements can be known, and a new multilayer composite material can be better developed.
Thermal cross-talk problems exist between multilayer composites because: the performance of the multilayer composite material is not much the same as that of a single material, the mutual thermal crosstalk between different materials and interfaces is more asymmetric in the heat conduction process, and the thermal crosstalk is more serious when the heat conduction coefficient difference between layers is large, so that the result is greatly influenced; this deviation may be greater than 10% when it is large. Temperature measurement errors greater than 10% may derive errors greater than 20% in substituting into the formula calculation. At present, most of thermal testing theories are established on the basis of one-dimensional heat conduction hypothesis, and the problem of thermal crosstalk of the multilayer composite material cannot be ignored, so that a new theory is needed or the assumed conditions and boundary conditions of the previous thermal testing theories are corrected for use.
Thus, there is currently no uniform and authoritative theory or methodology for testing the thermophysical parameters of multilayer composites. In order to solve the problems that the multilayer composite material generates thermal crosstalk in the testing process, which brings great testing errors and is difficult to measure the thermophysical property parameters of each layer of material, a new testing method is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a thermal testing method, which can measure the thermal resistance and thermal conductivity of each layer material in the vertical direction and the thermal diffusivity and thermal conductivity in the horizontal direction.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the invention provides a method for testing thermophysical property parameters based on a multilayer composite material, which comprises the following steps of:
heating a multilayer composite material object to be tested by the system, and measuring a time temperature curve T (t) of the object to be tested;
the system calculates and obtains the thermal resistance and the interface thermal resistance of each layer of material of the multilayer composite material in the vertical direction of the tested object;
the system carries out simulation to obtain the heat conduction among the materials of each layer;
the system measures the plane thermophysical parameters by adopting an Angstrom method and converts the plane thermophysical parameters into related thermophysical parameters.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, the step system heats a multilayer composite material object to be tested and measures a time-temperature curve T (t) of the object to be tested, and the time-temperature curve T (t) comprises the following steps: the object to be tested is placed in a thermostat, heated under different temperature conditions, and the temperature change of the object to be tested is measured by using a sensor.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, the time temperature curve of the measured object is subjected to differential processing, and the delamination surface of each material layer is determined according to the performance of the object and the inflection point position of the differential curve.
As an improvement of this solution, the method further comprises: and when the system detects that the test result of the experimental sensor corresponds to the simulation result, stopping the iterative test and recording corresponding parameters.
Further, the method also comprises the step that the system compensates the test error caused by the thermal crosstalk.
Further, the method further comprises: the resulting time temperature curve is converted to a time thermal resistance curve, which can be expressed as:
wherein, T0The initial temperature of the measured object; delta PhIs a thermal power.
Further, the derivative da/dz of the time thermal resistance curve in logarithmic time is obtained, and the time constant spectrum is obtained by deconvolution:
w (z) exp [ z-exp (z) ].
Further, a thermoelectric module is adopted to heat one end of a measured object in a sine or cosine mode by using the same power, two points with the distance q are selected at the other end of the measured object, a plurality of temperature sensors are respectively placed on the two points, temperature change information is recorded, and the temperature change information is substituted into a formula to obtain a thermal diffusion coefficient;
wherein q is the distance between the measuring points, dt is the phase difference, M is the amplitude of one of the selected points, and N is the amplitude of the other point.
In another aspect, the present invention also provides a system for testing thermophysical parameters based on a multilayer composite material, including:
the time-temperature curve acquisition module is used for heating the multilayer composite material tested object by the execution step system and measuring a time-temperature curve T (t) of the tested object;
the thermal resistance conversion module is used for executing the step system to calculate and obtain the thermal resistance and the interface thermal resistance of each layer of material of the multilayer composite material in the vertical direction of the tested object;
the system carries out simulation to obtain the heat conduction among the materials of each layer;
a thermophysical parameter calculation module for executing the step and measuring by adopting the Angstrom method
Measuring the plane thermophysical parameters and converting into related thermophysical parameters.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the scheme provides a method and a system for testing the thermophysical parameters of a multilayer composite material, which take the multilayer composite material as an integral system, calculate the test of the thermophysical parameters of a tested object through a temperature-time curve, measure a material temperature rise curve on the premise of not damaging the material, analyze information such as thermal resistance, thermal conductivity and the like through a mathematical method and realize nondestructive measurement. The method adopts a transient method for measurement, has short measurement time, strong anti-interference capability, can measure a plurality of parameters at one time, has high efficiency, can be widely applied to thermal test of various non-metal solid materials, and has the characteristics of high efficiency, rapidness, wide application range and the like.
Drawings
The following further describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the steps of a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a temperature curve measured by the Angstrom method sensor according to the second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of the Angstrom method experiment according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.
As shown in fig. 1-3, the present invention provides a method for testing thermophysical parameters based on a multilayer composite material, which comprises the following steps:
heating a multilayer composite material object to be tested by the system, and measuring a time temperature curve T (t) of the object to be tested;
the system calculates and obtains the thermal resistance and the interface thermal resistance of each layer of material of the multilayer composite material in the vertical direction of the tested object;
the system carries out simulation to obtain the heat conduction among the materials of each layer;
the system measures the plane thermophysical parameters by adopting an Angstrom method and converts the plane thermophysical parameters into related thermophysical parameters.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, the step system heats a multilayer composite material object to be tested and measures a time-temperature curve T (t) of the object to be tested, and the time-temperature curve T (t) comprises the following steps: the object to be tested is placed in a thermostat, heated under different temperature conditions, and the temperature change of the object to be tested is measured by using a sensor.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, the time temperature curve of the measured object is subjected to differential processing, and the delamination surface of each material layer is determined according to the performance of the object and the inflection point position of the differential curve.
As an improvement of this solution, the method further comprises: and when the system detects that the test result of the experimental sensor corresponds to the simulation result, stopping the iterative test and recording corresponding parameters.
Further, the method also comprises the step that the system compensates the test error caused by the thermal crosstalk.
Further, the method further comprises: the resulting time temperature curve is converted to a time thermal resistance curve, which can be expressed as:
wherein, T0The initial temperature of the measured object; delta PhIs a thermal power.
Further, the derivative da/dz of the time thermal resistance curve in logarithmic time is obtained, and the time constant spectrum is obtained by deconvolution:
w (z) exp [ z-exp (z) ].
Further, a thermoelectric module is adopted to heat one end of a measured object in a sine or cosine mode by using the same power, two points with the distance q are selected at the other end of the measured object, a plurality of temperature sensors are respectively placed on the two points, temperature change information is recorded, and the temperature change information is substituted into a formula to obtain a thermal diffusion coefficient;
wherein q is the distance between the measuring points, dt is the phase difference, M is the amplitude of one of the selected points, and N is the amplitude of the other point.
A method for testing thermal physical property parameters of multilayer composite materials, which takes a tested object as an integral system, obtains a temperature change curve (output) of the tested object along with time after heating (input) the tested object, and analyzes the temperature time curve of the tested object to obtain relevant thermal physical property parameters, and comprises the following steps:
(a) acquiring a temperature time curve of a tested sample, extracting an integral structure function curve, and calculating thermal resistance of each layer of material in the vertical direction and interface thermal resistance among each layer of material;
(b) establishing an experiment database through a large number of experiments, and simulating the heat flow direction in the multilayer composite material and the heat crosstalk between different layers according to the experiment database;
(c) and correcting the current thermal test method according to the simulation result, measuring the planar thermal diffusivity of the multilayer composite material by adopting an Angstrom method, and converting the planar thermal diffusivity into parameters such as thermal resistance and thermal conductivity according to a physical relationship.
The method specifically comprises the following steps: and (3) placing the tested object in a thermostat, heating the tested object under different temperature conditions, and obtaining a temperature rising curve of the tested object by using a sensor.
And converting the temperature distribution data of the heat flow path along with time into the variation data of the accumulated heat capacity along with the accumulated heat resistance from the heat source to each point on the heat flow path, namely the heat resistance structure function of the measured object, which comprises an integral structure function and a differential structure function.
And carrying out differential processing on the temperature-time curve of the measured object, and determining the material layer according to the performance of the object and the inflection point of the differential curve.
In the process of extracting the differential and integral structure functions, a specific filter and the application range thereof are selected.
And according to the measured parameters in the vertical direction, carrying out thermal crosstalk simulation on the multilayer material by using computer software, and setting parameters in the simulation process.
And (3) combining a thermal crosstalk model of the multilayer material simulated by hydrodynamics, heat transfer science and the like, and setting simulation parameters by combining experiments.
And according to the method for compensating and correcting errors caused by the heat flow crosstalk by the thermal crosstalk model, measuring the plane thermal diffusion coefficient of the multilayer material by an Angstrom method.
Further, firstly, obtaining a temperature-time curve of a tested sample, extracting an integral structure function curve, and calculating thermal resistance of each layer of material in the vertical direction and interface thermal resistance among each layer of material; the object to be detected is placed in a constant temperature device, the data of the temperature changing along with time are recorded by a heating device, and the change condition of the voltage of the heating device is recorded at the same time, so that the conversion relation between the measured voltage and the temperature is measured. The temperature value at each time can be obtained by converting the expression of the relation, and a series of time-temperature curves are further established, wherein the expression is as follows:
T(t)＝m*V(t)+k；
wherein m and k are both linear proportionality coefficients (obtained by adjusting according to experimental results); v (t) is a voltage; t is time.
Calculating the initial temperature T according to the above formula0Firstly, selecting a reference point in a proper range on a time-temperature curve; then, performing least squares calculation on the selected reference points to obtain a trend line L estimated by the points; finally, the time with obvious error in the initial measurement stage is substituted into the value of the line L to obtain the corrected temperature result and the initial temperature T0。
And (3) correcting and calculating the error of the temperature-time curve to obtain the initial temperature of the measured object, and taking the initial temperature as a linear relation, namely:
Establishing a thermal resistance-time conversion relation according to the temperature-time curve, wherein the conversion relation is as follows:
The thermal response is regarded as a first-order system response, and the temperature response of the tested object is expressed by the sum of exponential functions, namely:
Assuming that Δ P is 1W, the temperature response is a unit step response, that is:
replacing discrete thermal time constant values with a continuous spectrum of thermal time constants yields:
The derivative of the thermal resistance-time curve is obtained, and the thermal time constant can be obtained through deconvolution, namely:
each Δ z corresponds to a parallel RC circuit, and the corresponding thermal resistance and thermal capacity can be expressed as:
Rth＝R(z)/Δz；
Cth＝ez/Rth；
for more intuitive and convenient description of the thermal resistance and heat capacity information, the integral of the thermal resistance and heat capacity information can be obtained as follows:
Calculating a time constant by calculating a derivative of a thermal resistance-time curve, converting the time constant into an integral structure function, and analyzing corresponding thermal resistance and thermal capacity information through the integral structure function; and then parameter information such as thermal resistance, thermal capacity, thermal conductivity and the like in the vertical direction can be obtained through conversion according to the physical relationship.
Then, establishing an experimental database through a large number of experiments, and simulating the internal heat flow direction of the multilayer composite material and the thermal crosstalk between different layers according to the experimental database; the simulation of a real physical phenomenon is realized by solving partial differential equations (single physical field) or partial differential equation sets (multi-physical field) on the basis of a finite element method, and the change condition of the temperature field of the multilayer material is simulated.
And thirdly, simulating the change of a material temperature field in a computer according to the analyzed normal thermal resistance information, acquiring temperature change information by adopting 10 thermocouples during heating, comparing the temperature change information with a computer simulation result, adjusting simulation parameters to be matched with an experimental result, repeatedly iterating the simulation parameters if the temperature change information is not matched with the computer simulation result, stopping iterating until the simulation result and a result measured by an actual sensor are within an error range, and recording corresponding parameters.
And fourthly, after compensating and correcting thermal test errors caused by thermal crosstalk of the multilayer materials by combining simulation results, measuring the plane thermal diffusivity of the multilayer composite materials by adopting an Angstrom method, giving a sine wave heating signal to one end of a tested object by using a thermoelectric module, selecting two points on the tested object, and obtaining a horizontal thermal diffusivity according to the following formula.
Wherein q is the distance between the measuring points, dt is the phase difference, M is the amplitude of one of the selected points, and N is the amplitude of the other point.
In another aspect, the present invention also provides a system for testing thermophysical parameters based on a multilayer composite material, including:
the time-temperature curve acquisition module is used for heating the multilayer composite material test object by the execution step system and measuring a time-temperature curve T (t) of the test object;
the thermal resistance conversion module is used for executing the step system to calculate and obtain the thermal resistance and the interface thermal resistance of each layer of material in the vertical direction of the multilayer composite material test object;
the system carries out simulation to obtain the heat conduction among the materials of each layer;
and the thermal physical property parameter calculation module is used for executing the steps, measuring the plane thermal physical property parameter by adopting an Angstrom method, and converting the plane thermal physical property parameter into the related thermal physical property parameter.
The scheme treats a tested object as an integral system, measures a temperature change curve (output) of the tested object along with time after heating (input) the tested object, and calculates the thermal resistance of each layer of material in the vertical direction and the interface thermal resistance among each layer of material by analyzing the temperature time curve of the tested object; and simulating thermal crosstalk among different materials by calculation, determining simulation parameters by combining experimental data, measuring plane thermophysical parameters by adopting an Angstrom method after compensating test errors caused by the thermal crosstalk, and converting the plane thermophysical parameters into related thermophysical parameters according to a physical relationship. Through the mode, the method can measure the thermal resistance of the multilayer composite material in the vertical direction and the thermal diffusion coefficient of the multilayer composite material in the horizontal direction, and simulate the thermal crosstalk direction of heat flow among the multilayer materials.
While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A method for testing thermophysical parameters based on a multilayer composite material is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
heating a multilayer composite material object to be tested by the system, and measuring a time temperature curve T (t) of the object to be tested;
the system corrects the initial temperature and calculates the thermal resistance and the interface thermal resistance of each layer of material in the vertical direction of the tested object of the multilayer composite material;
the system carries out simulation to obtain thermal crosstalk among the materials of each layer, and test errors caused by the thermal crosstalk are compensated;
the compensation process specifically comprises the following steps:
simulating the change of the material temperature field in a computer;
collecting temperature change information during heating;
comparing the temperature change information with a computer simulation result, adjusting simulation parameters to enable the simulation result to be matched with an experiment result until the simulation result and the experiment result are within an error range, and recording corresponding parameters;
the system measures the plane thermophysical parameters by adopting an Angstrom method and converts the plane thermophysical parameters into related thermophysical parameters.
2. The method for testing the thermophysical property parameters of the multilayer composite material according to claim 1, wherein the step system heats a tested object of the multilayer composite material and measures a time-temperature curve T (t) of the tested object, and the method comprises the following steps:
the object to be tested is placed in a thermostat, heated under different temperature conditions, and the temperature change of the object to be tested is measured by using a sensor.
3. The method for testing the thermophysical property parameter of a multilayer composite material as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the time-temperature curve of the measured object is subjected to differential processing, and the delamination surface of each material layer is determined according to the performance of the object and the inflection point position of the differential curve.
4. The method for testing thermophysical parameters of a multilayer composite based on claim 3, further comprising:
and when the system detects that the test result of the experimental sensor corresponds to the simulation result, stopping the iterative test and recording corresponding parameters.
5. The method for testing thermophysical parameters of a multilayer composite based on claim 4, further comprising: the resulting time temperature curve is converted to a time thermal resistance curve, which can be expressed as:
wherein, T0The initial temperature of the measured object; delta PhIs a thermal power.
6. The method for testing the thermophysical parameters of a multilayer composite according to claim 5, characterized in that the derivative da/dz of the time thermal resistance curve in logarithmic time is found, the deconvolution finds the time constant spectrum as:
w (z) exp [ z-exp (z) ].
7. The method for testing the thermophysical property parameters of the multilayer composite material as claimed in claim 6, wherein the thermoelectric module is used for heating one end of a tested object in a sine or cosine way by using the same power, two points with the distance q are selected at the other end of the tested object, a plurality of temperature sensors are respectively placed at the two points, the temperature change information is recorded, and the thermal diffusion coefficient is obtained by substituting the temperature change information into a formula;
wherein q is the distance between the measuring points, dt is the phase difference, M is the amplitude of one of the selected points, and N is the amplitude of the other point.
8. A system for testing thermophysical parameters based on a multilayer composite, characterized in that it comprises:
the time-temperature curve acquisition module is used for heating the multilayer composite material tested object by the execution step system and measuring a time-temperature curve T (t) of the tested object;
the thermal resistance conversion module is used for executing the step system to calculate and obtain the thermal resistance and the interface thermal resistance of each layer of material of the multilayer composite material in the vertical direction of the tested object;
the system carries out simulation to obtain thermal crosstalk between each layer of material, and compensates test errors caused by the thermal crosstalk, wherein the compensation process specifically comprises the following steps: simulating the change of a material temperature field in a computer, collecting temperature change information during heating, comparing the temperature change information with a computer simulation result, adjusting simulation parameters to enable the simulation result to be matched with an experimental result until the simulation result and the experimental result are within an error range, and recording corresponding parameters;
and the thermal physical property parameter calculation module is used for executing the steps, measuring the plane thermal physical property parameter by adopting an Angstrom method, and converting the plane thermal physical property parameter into the related thermal physical property parameter.
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| CN111709162B (en) * | 2020-04-28 | 2023-05-02 | 全球能源互联网研究院有限公司 | Thermal resistance distribution calculation method and device in power semiconductor module and storage medium |
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| CN111965212B (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2023-05-09 | 捷耀精密五金（深圳）有限公司 | Thermophysical property calculation method, thermophysical property test system, electronic device, and storage medium |
| CN112415043A (en) * | 2020-10-14 | 2021-02-26 | 南方科技大学 | Method and device for measuring multilayer composite material |
| CN112305020B (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-10-01 | 西北工业大学 | Thermal diffusion coefficient measuring device and method |
| CN114923951A (en) * | 2022-04-19 | 2022-08-19 | 南方科技大学 | Thermophysical property testing method and device, electronic device and storage medium |
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