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CN108120951B - Cost control intelligent electric energy meter capable of realizing built-in switch fault detection - Google Patents

Cost control intelligent electric energy meter capable of realizing built-in switch fault detection Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108120951B
CN108120951B CN201810101911.1A CN201810101911A CN108120951B CN 108120951 B CN108120951 B CN 108120951B CN 201810101911 A CN201810101911 A CN 201810101911A CN 108120951 B CN108120951 B CN 108120951B
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switch
voltage
acquisition unit
current transformer
built
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CN108120951A (en
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朱亮
杨爱超
王琼
单鹏
刘明
王英
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Jiangxi Electric Power Co Ltd
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Jiangxi Electric Power Co Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R35/00Testing or calibrating of apparatus covered by the other groups of this subclass
    • G01R35/04Testing or calibrating of apparatus covered by the other groups of this subclass of instruments for measuring time integral of power or current

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Current Or Voltage (AREA)

Abstract

The utility model provides a can realize built-in switch fault detection's cost accuse intelligent ammeter, includes first current transformer, second current transformer, first switch, second switch, third switch, first resistance, second resistance, first voltage acquisition unit, second voltage acquisition unit, third voltage acquisition unit, fourth voltage acquisition unit, DSP, AD converter, temperature sensor, control unit and display. The intelligent electric energy meter can obtain accurate resistance values by detecting the fluctuation of voltages at two ends of the built-in switch at different moments and the current flowing through the built-in switch, and realizes the automatic detection of faults of the built-in switch. According to the invention, the turn-off and turn-on of three built-in switches are controlled by the DSP according to the balance information of the electricity charge of the electricity user, so that reliable charge control is realized; the fluctuation of the voltages at two ends of the built-in switch at different moments and the current flowing through the built-in switch are detected, the compensation coefficient of each voltage acquisition unit is modified in real time, an accurate resistance value is obtained, and the automatic detection of faults of the built-in switch is realized.

Description

Cost control intelligent electric energy meter capable of realizing built-in switch fault detection
Technical Field
The invention relates to a cost control intelligent electric energy meter capable of realizing fault detection of a built-in switch, and belongs to the technical field of intelligent electric energy meters.
Background
The intelligent electric energy meter is an important component of the intelligent power grid, and comprises a measuring unit, a data processing unit, a communication unit and the like, and has the functions of electric energy metering, data processing, real-time monitoring, automatic control, information interaction and the like. According to the balance information of the electricity consumption user, the charge control intelligent electric energy meter can realize the power failure and the power restoration of the electricity consumption user by controlling the turn-off and turn-on of the built-in switch. Frequent switching is prone to damage to the switch, resulting in unreliable operation at the time of the fee control. The resistance value can be obtained by detecting the voltage across the built-in switch and the current flowing through the built-in switch. When the resistance value suddenly increases and exceeds the threshold value, the built-in switch can be judged to be damaged, and then the built-in switch is replaced or repaired. The resistance value of the built-in switch is small, and the voltage at the two ends of the built-in switch is in millivolt level, so that accurate measurement of the voltage in the electric energy meter is difficult to realize.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem of fault judgment of a built-in switch of a cost-control intelligent electric energy meter, and provides the cost-control intelligent electric energy meter capable of realizing fault detection of the built-in switch.
The technical scheme of the invention is that the cost control intelligent electric energy meter capable of realizing the fault detection of the built-in switch can obtain an accurate resistance value by detecting the fluctuation of the voltage at two ends of the built-in switch at different moments and the current flowing through the built-in switch, so as to realize the automatic detection of the fault of the built-in switch; the built-in switch comprises a first switch, a second switch and a third switch.
The invention discloses a cost control intelligent electric energy meter capable of realizing fault detection of a built-in switch, which comprises a first current transformer, a second current transformer, a first switch, a second switch, a third switch, a first resistor, a second resistor, a first voltage acquisition unit, a second voltage acquisition unit, a third voltage acquisition unit, a fourth voltage acquisition unit, a DSP, an A/D converter, a temperature sensor, a control unit and a display.
One end of the first switch is connected with a neutral line, and the other end of the first switch is connected with one end of a primary side winding of the first current transformer; the other end of the primary side winding of the first current transformer is connected with a load; the secondary side winding of the first current transformer is connected with the first resistor in parallel, one end of the first current transformer is connected with the input end of the AD converter, and the other end of the first current transformer is grounded; one end of the first voltage acquisition unit is connected with one end of the first switch, and the other end of the first voltage acquisition unit is connected with the input end of the AD converter; one end of the second voltage acquisition unit is connected with the other end of the first switch, and the other end of the second voltage acquisition unit is connected with the input end of the AD converter; the second switch is connected with the third switch in parallel; one end of the second switch is connected with the phase line, and the other end of the second switch is connected with one end of the primary side winding of the second current transformer; the other end of the primary side winding of the second current transformer is connected with a load; the secondary side winding of the second current transformer is connected with a second resistor in parallel, one end of the second current transformer is connected with the input end of the AD converter, and the other end of the second current transformer is grounded; one end of the third voltage acquisition unit is connected with one end of the second switch, and the other end of the third voltage acquisition unit is connected with the input end of the AD converter; one end of the fourth voltage acquisition unit is connected with the other end of the second switch, and the other end of the fourth voltage acquisition unit is connected with the input end of the AD converter; the output end of the AD converter is connected with the input end of the DSP; the output end of the DSP is connected with the output end of the display and the control unit; the control unit is respectively connected with the control ends of the first switch, the second switch and the third switch; the output of the temperature sensor is interconnected with the input of the DSP.
The detection method of the first switch resistance value comprises the following steps:
at a certain time t 1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The first voltage sampling unit collects the voltage V at one end of the first switch K1 11 The second voltage sampling unit collects the voltage V at the other end of the first switch K1 21 The current flowing through the first switch K1 measured by the first current transformer CT1 is I 11 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the At a certain time t 2 The first voltage sampling unit collects the voltage V at one end of the first switch K1 12 The second voltage sampling unit collects the voltage V at the other end of the first switch K1 22 First, firstThe current through the first switch K1 measured by the current transformer CT1 is I 12 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The temperature compensation coefficient of the first voltage sampling unit is C 1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The temperature compensation coefficient of the second voltage sampling unit is C 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Let the current fluctuation limit value be I f When meeting I 11 -I 12 |≥I f At the time, the resistor R of the first switch K1 K1 Can be obtained by the following formula:
C 1 and C 2 The determination is made based on data transmitted to the DSP by the temperature sensor.
The detection method of the second switch resistance value is as follows:
when the state of the second switch K2 is determined, the second switch K2 is required to be closed, and the third switch K3 is required to be opened; at a certain time t 1 The third voltage sampling unit collects the voltage V at one end of the second switch K2 31 The fourth voltage sampling unit collects the voltage V at the other end of the second switch K2 41 The current flowing through the second switch K2 measured by the second current transformer CT2 is I 21 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the At a certain time t 2 The third voltage sampling unit collects the voltage V at one end of the second switch K2 32 The fourth voltage sampling unit collects the voltage V at the other end of the second switch K2 42 The current flowing through the second switch K2 measured by the second current transformer CT2 is I 22 ;C 3 C is the temperature compensation coefficient of the third voltage sampling unit 4 A temperature compensation coefficient of the fourth voltage sampling unit; when meeting I 21 -I 22 |≥I f At the time, the resistor R of the second switch K2 K2 Can be obtained by the following formula:
C 3 and C 4 The determination is made based on data transmitted to the DSP by the temperature sensor.
The detection method of the second switch resistance value is as follows:
when determining the state of the third switch K3, the third switch K3 is closed, the second switch K2 is opened, and the resistor R of the third switch K3 is turned on K3 Calculation method and resistor R of second switch K2 K2 The same applies.
The cost control steps of the intelligent electric energy meter are as follows:
(1) When the balance of the electricity consumption of the electricity user is enough, the DSP outputs a signal to the control unit, the first switch K1 is controlled to be closed, the third switch K3 is opened, the second switch K2 is closed, and the electricity is normally supplied to the electricity user;
(2) When the balance of the electricity consumption of the electricity user is insufficient, the DSP outputs a signal to the control unit, the first switch K1 is controlled to be closed, the third switch K3 is opened, the second switch K2 is opened, and the electricity supply to the electricity user is stopped;
(3) The electricity utilization user recovers the power supply after the electric charge is paid, the DSP outputs a signal to the control unit to control the first switch K1 to be closed, the third switch K3 to be opened and the second switch K2 to be closed;
(4) When the balance of the electricity consumption of the electricity user is insufficient, if the second switch K2 fails and cannot be turned off, the DSP outputs a signal to the control unit to control the first switch K1 to be turned off, and the third switch K3 to be turned off to stop supplying power to the electricity user; the user pays the electric charge, and then the power supply is recovered, if the second switch K2 fails and cannot be closed, the DSP outputs a signal to the control unit to control the first switch K1 to be closed, and the third switch K3 to be closed; the second switch K2 and the third switch K3 should be designed to interlock to avoid short circuit failure caused by simultaneous closing.
The method for determining the compensation coefficient C1 of the first voltage sampling unit comprises the following steps:
the standard voltage source outputs a standard voltage signal, and the first voltage sampling unit is connected with the standard voltmeter in parallel; the first voltage sampling unit as the tested article is placed in a high-low temperature box, and the reference temperature T is set 0 The relative error is obtained by comparing the value between the first voltage sampling unit and the standard voltmeter; changing the environment temperature of the first voltage sampling unit by controlling the temperature of the high-low temperature box, and obtaining corresponding relative errors; finally, a relation table between temperature change and relative error is formed, and thenTo the corresponding compensation coefficient; the temperature of the first sampling unit is detected by a temperature sensor in the electric energy meter, and a corresponding compensation coefficient C1 is obtained.
According to the same method, compensation coefficients C2, C3 and C4 of the second voltage sampling unit C2, the third voltage sampling unit C3 and the fourth voltage sampling unit C4 can be obtained.
The invention has the beneficial effects that the turn-off and turn-on of the three built-in switches are controlled by the DSP according to the balance information of the electricity charge of the electricity user, so as to realize reliable charge control; the fluctuation of the voltages at two ends of the built-in switch at different moments and the current flowing through the built-in switch are detected, the compensation coefficient of each voltage acquisition unit is modified in real time according to the data transmitted by the sensor in the electric energy meter to the DSP, an accurate resistance value is obtained, and the automatic detection of faults of the built-in switch is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the principles of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a cost control of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a method of measuring the resistance of switch K1 according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 shows the determination of the compensation coefficient C of the first voltage sampling unit 1 Is a method schematic diagram of (a).
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawings and detailed description:
fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of the present invention.
The cost control intelligent electric energy meter capable of realizing built-in switch fault detection comprises a first current transformer, a second current transformer, a first switch, a second switch, a third switch, a first resistor, a second resistor, a first voltage acquisition unit, a second voltage acquisition unit, a third voltage acquisition unit, a fourth voltage acquisition unit, a DSP, an A/D converter, a temperature sensor, a control unit and a display.
One end of the first switch K1 is connected with a neutral line, and the other end of the first switch K1 is connected with one end of a primary side winding of the first current transformer CT 1; the other end of the primary side winding of the first current transformer CT1 is connected with a load; the secondary side winding of the first current transformer CT1 is connected with a first resistor R1 in parallel, one end of the first current transformer CT1 is connected with the input end of the AD converter, and the other end of the first current transformer CT1 is grounded; one end of the first voltage acquisition unit is connected with one end of the first switch K1, and the other end of the first voltage acquisition unit is connected with the input end of the AD converter; one end of the second voltage acquisition unit is connected with the other end of the first switch K1, and the other end of the second voltage acquisition unit is connected with the input end of the AD converter; the second switch K2 and the third switch K3 are connected in parallel; one end of the second switch K2 is connected with the phase line, and the other end of the second switch K2 is connected with one end of a primary side winding of the second current transformer CT 2; the other end of the primary side winding of the second current transformer is connected with a load; the secondary side winding of the second current transformer CT2 is connected with a second resistor R2 in parallel, one end of the second current transformer CT2 is connected with the input end of the AD converter, and the other end of the second current transformer CT2 is grounded; one end of the third voltage acquisition unit is connected with one end of the second switch K2, and the other end of the third voltage acquisition unit is connected with the input end of the AD converter; one end of the fourth voltage acquisition unit is connected with the other end of the second switch K2, and the other end of the fourth voltage acquisition unit is connected with the input end of the AD converter; the output end of the AD converter is connected with the input end of the DSP; the output end of the DSP is connected with the output end of the display and the control unit; the control unit is respectively connected with the control ends of the first switch K1, the second switch K2 and the third switch K3; the output of the temperature sensor is connected with the input end of the DSP.
Fig. 2 shows a flow chart of the cost control of the present invention.
The specific steps of the cost control flow of the cost control intelligent electric energy meter capable of realizing the fault detection of the built-in switch in the embodiment are as follows:
step 1: when the balance of the electricity consumption of the electricity user is enough, the DSP outputs a signal to the control unit, the first switch K1 is controlled to be closed, the third switch K3 is opened, the second switch K2 is closed, and the electricity is normally supplied to the electricity user;
step 2: when the balance of the electricity consumption of the electricity user is insufficient, the DSP outputs a signal to the control unit, the first switch K1 is controlled to be closed, the third switch K3 is opened, the second switch K2 is opened, and the electricity supply to the electricity user is stopped;
step 3: the electricity utilization user recovers the power supply after the electric charge is paid, the DSP outputs a signal to the control unit to control the first switch K1 to be closed, the third switch K3 to be opened and the second switch K2 to be closed;
step 4: when the balance of the electricity consumption of the electricity user is insufficient, if the second switch K2 fails and cannot be turned off, the DSP outputs a signal to the control unit to control the first switch K1 to be turned off, and the third switch K3 to be turned off to stop supplying power to the electricity user; the user pays the electric charge, and then the power supply is recovered, if the second switch K2 fails and cannot be closed, the DSP outputs a signal to the control unit to control the first switch K1 to be closed, and the third switch K3 to be closed; the second switch K2 and the third switch K3 should be designed to interlock to avoid short circuit failure caused by simultaneous closing.
FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a method for measuring the resistance of the first switch K1 according to the present invention, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: at a certain time t 1 The first voltage sampling unit collects the voltage V at one end of the first switch K1 11 The second voltage sampling unit collects the voltage V at the other end of the first switch K1 21 The current flowing through the first switch K1 measured by the first current transformer CT1 is I 11
Step 2: at a certain time t 2 The first voltage sampling unit collects the voltage V at one end of the first switch K1 12 The second voltage sampling unit collects the voltage V at the other end of the first switch K1 22 The current flowing through the first switch K1 measured by the first current transformer CT1 is I 12
Step 3: let the current fluctuation limit value be I f Judging whether or not it satisfies I 11 -I 12 |≥I f The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the If not, entering step 4; if not, the step 6 is entered;
step 4: the temperature compensation coefficients of the first voltage sampling unit and the second voltage sampling unit are C respectively 1 And C 2 The resistor R of the first switch K1 can be determined according to the data transmitted to the DSP by the temperature sensor K1 Can be obtained by the following formula:
step 5: preserving the resistance R of the first switch K1 K1
Step 6: equal time interval Δt and return to step 1.
When determining the state of the second switch K2, the second switch K2 is closed and the third switch K3 is opened, and at this time, the resistance calculation method of the second switch K2 and the resistance R of the first switch K1 K1 The same; when determining the state of the third switch K3, the third switch K3 needs to be closed and the second switch K2 needs to be opened, and at this time, the resistance calculation method of the third switch K3 and the resistance R of the first switch K1 K1 The same applies.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a method for determining the compensation coefficient C1 of a first voltage sampling unit, wherein, to determine the compensation coefficient of each voltage sampling unit, a standard voltage source outputs a standard voltage signal, and the first voltage sampling unit is connected in parallel with a standard voltmeter; the first voltage sampling unit as the tested article is placed in a high-low temperature box, and the reference temperature T is set 0 The relative error is obtained by comparing the value between the first voltage sampling unit and the standard voltmeter; changing the environment temperature of the first voltage sampling unit by controlling the temperature of the high-low temperature box, and obtaining corresponding relative errors; finally, a relation table between temperature change and relative error is formed, and a corresponding compensation coefficient is obtained; the temperature of the first sampling unit is detected by a temperature sensor in the electric energy meter, and a corresponding compensation coefficient C1 is obtained.
According to the same method, compensation coefficients C2, C3 and C4 of the second voltage sampling unit C2, the third voltage sampling unit C3 and the fourth voltage sampling unit C4 can be obtained.
The non-illustrated portions referred to in the present invention are the same as or implemented using the prior art.

Claims (4)

1. The cost control intelligent electric energy meter capable of realizing fault detection of the built-in switch is characterized in that the intelligent electric energy meter can obtain an accurate resistance value by detecting fluctuation of voltages at two ends of the built-in switch at different moments and current flowing through the built-in switch, and realizes automatic detection of the fault of the built-in switch; the built-in switch comprises a first switch, a second switch and a third switch;
the intelligent electric energy meter comprises a first current transformer, a second current transformer, a first switch, a second switch, a third switch, a first resistor, a second resistor, a first voltage acquisition unit, a second voltage acquisition unit, a third voltage acquisition unit, a fourth voltage acquisition unit, a DSP, an A/D converter, a temperature sensor, a control unit and a display;
one end of the first switch is connected with a neutral line, and the other end of the first switch is connected with one end of a primary side winding of the first current transformer; the other end of the primary side winding of the first current transformer is connected with a load; the secondary side winding of the first current transformer is connected with the first resistor in parallel, one end of the first current transformer is connected with the input end of the AD converter, and the other end of the first current transformer is grounded; one end of the first voltage acquisition unit is connected with one end of the first switch, and the other end of the first voltage acquisition unit is connected with the input end of the AD converter; one end of the second voltage acquisition unit is connected with the other end of the first switch, and the other end of the second voltage acquisition unit is connected with the input end of the AD converter; the second switch is connected with the third switch in parallel; one end of the second switch is connected with the phase line, and the other end of the second switch is connected with one end of the primary side winding of the second current transformer; the other end of the primary side winding of the second current transformer is connected with a load; the secondary side winding of the second current transformer is connected with a second resistor in parallel, one end of the second current transformer is connected with the input end of the AD converter, and the other end of the second current transformer is grounded; one end of the third voltage acquisition unit is connected with one end of the second switch, and the other end of the third voltage acquisition unit is connected with the input end of the AD converter; one end of the fourth voltage acquisition unit is connected with the other end of the second switch, and the other end of the fourth voltage acquisition unit is connected with the input end of the AD converter; the output end of the AD converter is connected with the input end of the DSP; the output end of the DSP is connected with the output end of the display and the control unit; the control unit is respectively connected with the control ends of the first switch, the second switch and the third switch; the output of the temperature sensor is connected with the input end of the DSP;
the detection method of the first switch resistance value comprises the following steps:
at a certain momentt 1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The first voltage sampling unit collects the voltage at one end of the first switch K1V 11 The second voltage sampling unit collects the voltage at the other end of the first switch K1V 21 The current flowing through the first switch K1 measured by the first current transformer CT1 isI 11 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the At a certain momentt 2 The first voltage sampling unit collects the voltage at one end of the first switch K1V 12 The second voltage sampling unit collects the voltage at the other end of the first switch K1V 22 The current flowing through the first switch K1 measured by the first current transformer CT1 isI 12 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The temperature compensation coefficient of the first voltage sampling unit isC 1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The temperature compensation coefficient of the second voltage sampling unit isC 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Setting current fluctuation limit valueI f When meeting the following requirementsAt the time, the resistance of the first switch K1R K1 Can be obtained by the following formula:
C 1 andC 2 determining according to the data transmitted to the DSP by the temperature sensor;
the detection method of the second switch resistance value is as follows:
when the state of the second switch K2 is determined, the second switch K2 is required to be closed, and the third switch K3 is required to be opened; at a certain momentt 1 The third voltage sampling unit collects the voltage at one end of the second switch K2V 31 The fourth voltage sampling unit collects the voltage at the other end of the second switch K2V 41 The current flowing through the second switch K2 measured by the second current transformer CT2 isI 21 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the At a certain momentt 2 The third voltage sampling unit collects the voltage at one end of the second switch K2V 32 The fourth voltage sampling unit collects the voltage at the other end of the second switch K2V 42 The current flowing through the second switch K2 measured by the second current transformer CT2 isI 22C 3 For the temperature compensation coefficient of the third voltage sampling unit,C 4 a temperature compensation coefficient of the fourth voltage sampling unit; when meeting the requirementsAt the time, the resistance of the second switch K2R K2 Can be obtained by the following formula:
C 3 andC 4 the determination is made based on data transmitted to the DSP by the temperature sensor.
2. The intelligent cost control electric energy meter capable of realizing fault detection of built-in switch according to claim 1, wherein the detection method of the second switch resistance value is as follows:
when determining the state of the third switch K3, the third switch K3 is closed, the second switch K2 is opened, and the resistance of the third switch K3 is then determinedR K3 Calculation method and resistance of second switch K2R K2 The same applies.
3. The intelligent cost control electric energy meter capable of realizing fault detection of built-in switch according to claim 1, wherein the intelligent electric energy meter comprises the following cost control steps:
(1) When the balance of the electricity consumption of the electricity user is enough, the DSP outputs a signal to the control unit, the first switch K1 is controlled to be closed, the third switch K3 is opened, the second switch K2 is closed, and the electricity is normally supplied to the electricity user;
(2) When the balance of the electricity consumption of the electricity user is insufficient, the DSP outputs a signal to the control unit, the first switch K1 is controlled to be closed, the third switch K3 is opened, the second switch K2 is opened, and the electricity supply to the electricity user is stopped;
(3) The electricity utilization user recovers the power supply after the electric charge is paid, the DSP outputs a signal to the control unit to control the first switch K1 to be closed, the third switch K3 to be opened and the second switch K2 to be closed;
(4) When the balance of the electricity consumption of the electricity user is insufficient, if the second switch K2 fails and cannot be turned off, the DSP outputs a signal to the control unit to control the first switch K1 to be turned off, and the third switch K3 to be turned off to stop supplying power to the electricity user; the user pays the electric charge, and then the power supply is recovered, if the second switch K2 fails and cannot be closed, the DSP outputs a signal to the control unit to control the first switch K1 to be closed, and the third switch K3 to be closed; the second switch K2 and the third switch K3 should be designed to interlock to avoid short circuit failure caused by simultaneous closing.
4. The intelligent cost control electric energy meter capable of realizing fault detection of built-in switch according to claim 1, wherein the method for determining the compensation coefficient C1 of the first voltage acquisition unit is characterized in that:
the standard voltage source outputs a standard voltage signal, and the first voltage acquisition unit is connected with the standard voltmeter in parallel; placing a first voltage acquisition unit serving as a measured product in a high-low temperature box, and setting a reference temperature T 0 The relative error is obtained by comparing the value between the first voltage acquisition unit and the standard voltmeter; changing the environment temperature of the first voltage acquisition unit by controlling the temperature of the high-low temperature box, and obtaining corresponding relative errors; finally, a relation table between temperature change and relative error is formed, and a corresponding compensation coefficient is obtained; the temperature of the first voltage acquisition unit is detected by a temperature sensor in the electric energy meter, and a corresponding compensation coefficient C1 is obtained.
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