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CN108099326B - 三层共挤高保温转光po膜 - Google Patents

三层共挤高保温转光po膜 Download PDF

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CN108099326B
CN108099326B CN201711337571.4A CN201711337571A CN108099326B CN 108099326 B CN108099326 B CN 108099326B CN 201711337571 A CN201711337571 A CN 201711337571A CN 108099326 B CN108099326 B CN 108099326B
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density polyethylene
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film
layer
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CN108099326A (zh
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孙美菊
孙爱亲
刘允
方卫星
王勇
李永勃
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HENAN YINFENG PLASTIC CO Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种三层共挤高保温转光PO膜，属农用棚膜领域。本发明在前期产品基础上进行改进，在茂金属聚乙烯（mPE）中加入乙烯‑醋酸乙烯共聚物（EVA），在中层加入转光母料，外层、中层、内层配方不同，将外层、中层、内层配方分别混合均匀，采用双头螺纹螺杆双螺杆挤出机制成母粒，经共挤模头形成三层薄膜挤出，制成PO农用棚膜，并在PO膜外涂覆水性流滴消雾涂覆液。该膜防老化，无雾滴，抗穿刺性能优异，使用寿命达到3年以上。经权威部门检验测试，各项质量技术指标均达到或超过国家标准，其中部分指标优于国标2倍以上。转光效果好，转光率达13%以上，非常有利于农作物生长，同时缩短了农作物生长周期。

Description

三层共挤高保温转光PO膜
技术领域
本发明涉及一种PO膜及其制备工艺，尤其涉及采用高级烯烃的原材料及其他助剂为原料制备PO膜，属农用棚膜领域。
背景技术
PO膜(农用大棚膜)是一农用复合层大棚膜，最先是日本采用高级烯烃的原料及其他助剂，采用外喷涂后烘干而产出的一种多层高档功能性聚烯烃新型农用大棚膜。
PO膜作为新一代农用大棚膜，自其引入以来，就以期优异的消雾流滴性、高透光、高保温性得到了广大种植户的青睐，特别是消雾流滴持效期实现与棚膜寿命同步。近几年，我国农膜行业生产厂家加大对PO膜的投入，各PO膜品牌如雨后春笋般涌现，逐渐打破日本PO膜的垄断地位。
PO膜与市场上传统PE膜及EVA膜比较优势突出，主要表现在：(1)卓越的透明性；(2)超强的持续消雾、流滴能力；(3)强化保温性能；(4)使用寿命长；(5)超强的拉伸强度；(6)防静电、不粘尘；(7)减少病虫害，适合无公害蔬菜生产；(8)增产增收、提早上市；(9)作物色泽鲜艳，口感好，品质高。但目前PO农用棚膜普遍存在功能单一的不足，本申请人在前期申请的发明专利“三层共挤EVA长寿消雾环保型多功能大棚膜201310219304.2”中对PO农用棚膜进行了改进，其将外层、中层、内层配方分别混合均匀，采用双头螺纹螺杆双螺杆挤出机制成母粒，经共挤模头形成三层薄膜挤出，制成防老化性能优异，无雾滴多功能农用大棚薄膜。但在应用过程中，发现还需进行改进，为提高农作物产量，缩短农作物生产周期，急需研发一种兼有转光功能的多功能PO农用棚膜，满足市场需求。
发明内容
针对目前技术现状，本发明目的在于提供一种高保温、高透明、防雾滴、寿命长且具有转光功能的PO农用棚膜。
为实现本发明目的，本发明在前期产品基础上，进行改进，在茂金属聚乙烯(mPE)中加入乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物(EVA)，在中层加入转光母料，外层、中层、内层配方不同，将外层、中层、内层配方分别混合均匀，采用双头螺纹螺杆双螺杆挤出机制成母粒，经共挤模头形成三层薄膜挤出，制成PO农用棚膜，并在PO膜外涂覆水性流滴消雾涂覆液。原料配方如下:各组分以重量百分比计，外层原料配方：
线形低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)10％-20％，
茂金属线型低密度聚乙烯(mLLDPE)40％-60％，
低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)10％-20％，
长寿母料14-18％，
流变剂3-5％。
中层原料配方：
茂金属线型低密度聚乙烯(mLLDPE)40％-50％，
水滑石5％-15％，
乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物(EVA)15％-25％，
低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)5％-15％，
长寿母料3％-7％，
转光母料6％-10％，
流变剂1-3％。
内层原料配方：
线形低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)5％-15％，
茂金属线型低密度聚乙烯(mLLDPE)50％-70％，
低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)5％-15％，
长寿母料14-18％，
流变剂3-5％。
原料配方优选如下:各组分以重量百分比计，
内层：线形低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)0209AA：10％，茂金属线型低密度聚乙烯mLLDPE1018HA：55％，低密度聚乙烯LDPE2420D：15％，长寿母料15％，流变剂5％。
中层：茂金属线型低密度聚乙烯mLLDPE1018HA：45％，水滑石母料10％，乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物(EVA)：20％，低密度聚乙烯LDPE2420D：10％，长寿母料5％，转光母料8％，流变剂2％。
外层：线形低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)0209AA：10％，茂金属线型低密度聚乙烯mLLDPE1018HA：60％，低密度聚乙烯LDPE2420D：10％，长寿母料16％，流变剂4％。
所述的长寿母料由以下组分组成，各组分以重量百分比计：流滴剂20％；光稳剂10％；滑石粉5％；聚乙烯蜡5％；PVC树脂粉60％；
所述的转光母料由以下组分组成，各组分以重量百分比计：转光剂20％；光稳剂10％；滑石粉5％；水滑石10％；聚乙烯蜡5％；PVC树脂粉50％；
所述水性流滴消雾涂覆液选TF-820型
所述流滴剂选La-12；流变剂选P-201；转光剂选FGR620；光稳定剂选B215。均为市售品。
其工艺技术方案如下：
将外层、中层、内层配方经计量后，分别混合均匀，分别加入料斗，进入双螺杆挤出机中，该挤出机采用双头螺纹螺杆双螺杆挤出机，熔融、挤出、造粒制成功能性母粒；经多层共挤出机熔融挤出，然后进入环形共挤模头形成三层薄膜挤出，从模头中心的冷却风管吹入压缩空气，将薄膜吹胀成筒状薄膜或膜泡。经内部和外部空气冷却，然后进入人字夹板将PO膜泡内的空气排净，薄膜表面经电晕处理使PO膜的润湿张力提高到大于38达因/厘米，然后用涂覆液进行外层涂覆、加热烘干固化、折叠，然后经检测后装箱入库。
本发明工艺在制备PO膜过程中原料配方、熔体温度、吹胀比、牵引比和冷凝线高度对薄膜性能均有影响，结合优化的环保地膜的加工工艺条件，并通过比较，得出最适宜加工参数：熔融温度180～190℃；薄膜的吹胀比1：3-5；薄膜的牵引比1：7-15。
本发明原理：采用三层共挤工艺生产。内、中、外层是均为长寿层，采用增加抗拉、抗撕裂强度、防老化、增透光的配方，选用光稳定剂、复合抗氧剂；其中中层增加了转光母料，可将阳光中紫外光和绿光转换成植物生长所需要的红光或橙色；最后进行薄膜表面电晕处理使PO膜的润湿张力提高到大于38达因/平方厘米，然后用涂覆液进行外层涂覆、加热烘干固化、折叠，然后经检测后装箱入库。
本发明优点：1、采用茂金属线型低密度聚乙烯(mLLDPE)为原料，茂金属线型低密度聚乙烯具有较大的断裂伸长率达16000％，抗冲性能是普通PE的三倍，达1300/g，还具有较好的抗撕裂强度和抗穿刺强度，具有力学性能好、熔点低、低温热封性能好、热封强度高、光学性能好、薄膜抗黏性及针刺性好等特点。从而降低了高结晶度，提高了柔韧性、抗冲击性、填料相溶性和热密封性能，透明性和表面光泽性好，化学稳定性良好，抗老化和耐臭氧强度好，无毒性。制备出的PO膜防老化，无雾滴，抗穿刺性能优异，使用寿命达到3年以上。2、PO膜外涂覆用水性流滴消雾涂覆液由树脂和固化剂双组份组成，其主要成份是亲水性的高分子材料和水。在聚乙烯农膜表面涂覆后经加热固化，形成一层高透明的亲水涂层，使农膜具备优良的流滴消雾功能。由于涂层与聚乙烯农膜表面有较强的结合力及优良的抗老化性能，使涂覆后的农膜的流滴消雾功能与农膜自身使用寿命同步，按市面销售涂覆膜常规操作扣棚后，涂覆层在12小时内形成透明水膜如镜面效果，长期使用棚内不挂滴。
目前，国家质量监督总局还未出台PO膜的国家标准，各项指标参照GB4455-2006农业用聚乙烯吹塑棚膜标准检测。经权威部门检验测试，各项质量技术指标均达到或超过国家标准(GB4455-2006)，其中部分指标优于国标(GB4455-2006)2倍以上。3、转光效果好，转光率达13％以上，非常有利于农作物生长，同时缩短了农作物生长周期。
本发明所述的双头螺纹螺杆设备采用201310219304.2所述。
附图说明
图1为本发明工艺流程图。
具体实施方式
为对本发明进行更好的说明，举实施例如下:所用原料均为市售品。
实施例1
本发明原料配方如下:各组分以重量百分比计，
内层：线形低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)0209AA：10％，茂金属线型低密度聚乙烯mLLDPE1018HA：55％，低密度聚乙烯LDPE2420D：15％，长寿母料15％，流变剂5％。
中层：茂金属线型低密度聚乙烯mLLDPE1018HA：45％，水滑石母料10％，乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物(EVA)：20％，低密度聚乙烯LDPE2420D：10％，长寿母料5％，转光母料8％，流变剂(PPA母料)2％。
外层：线形低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)0209AA：10％，茂金属线型低密度聚乙烯mLLDPE1018HA：60％，低密度聚乙烯LDPE2420D：10％，长寿母料16％，流变剂4％。
所述的长寿母料由以下组分组成，各组分以重量百分比计：流滴剂20％；光稳剂10％；滑石粉5％；聚乙烯蜡5％；PVC树脂粉60％；
所述的转光母料由以下组分组成，各组分以重量百分比计：转光剂20％；光稳剂10％；滑石粉5％；水滑石10％；聚乙烯蜡5％；PVC树脂粉50％；
按上述配方，将外层、中层、内层配方经计量后，分别混合均匀，分别加入料斗，进入双螺杆挤出机中，该挤出机采用双头螺纹螺杆双螺杆挤出机，于180～190℃熔融、挤出、造粒制成功能性母粒；经多层共挤出机于180～190℃熔融挤出，然后进入环形共挤模头形成三层薄膜挤出，从模头中心的冷却风管吹入压缩空气，将薄膜吹胀成筒状薄膜或膜泡，薄膜的吹胀比1：3-5。经内部和外部空气冷却，薄膜的冷凝线高度为200～300mm，然后进入人字夹板将棚膜泡内的空气排净；薄膜的牵引比1：7-15；然后进行薄膜表面电晕处理使PO膜的润湿张力提高到大于38达因/平方厘米，再用涂覆液进行外层涂覆、加热烘干固化、折叠，最后经检测后装箱入库。
实施例2
本发明原料配方如下:各组分以重量百分比计，内层：线形低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)0209AA：10％，茂金属线型低密度聚乙烯mLLDPE1018HA：60％，低密度聚乙烯LDPE2420D：15％，长寿母料10％，流变剂5％。
中层：茂金属线型低密度聚乙烯mLLDPE1018HA：50％，水滑石母料10％，乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物(EVA)：15％，低密度聚乙烯LDPE2420D：10％，长寿母料5％，转光母料7％，流变剂(PPA母料)3％。
外层：线形低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)0209AA：20％，茂金属线型低密度聚乙烯mLLDPE1018HA：50％，低密度聚乙烯LDPE2420D：10％，长寿母料16％，流变剂4％。
所述的长寿母料由以下组分组成，各组分以重量百分比计：流滴剂20％；光稳剂10％；滑石粉5％；聚乙烯蜡5％；PVC树脂粉60％；
所述的转光母料由以下组分组成，各组分以重量百分比计：转光剂20％；光稳剂10％；滑石粉5％；水滑石10％；聚乙烯蜡5％；PVC树脂粉50％。
按照实施例1所述方法制备而成。
目前，国家质量监督总局还未出台PO膜的国家标准，各项指标参照GB4455-2006农业用聚乙烯吹塑棚膜标准检测，经检测各项指标均优于国家标准，检验结果见表1。
表1
Figure BDA0001507651310000061
本发明PO膜作为农用棚膜，转光效果好，能有效吸收紫外光，并产生蓝色荧光，自然光中的紫外光转光率达80％，使蔬菜增产10-30％，烟草、花生增产10-15％。非常有利于农作物生长，缩短农作物生长周期。

Claims (2)

1.三层共挤PO农用棚膜，其特征在于，原料配方如下: 各组分以重量百分比计，
外层原料配方：
线形低密度聚乙烯10%-20%，
茂金属线形低密度聚乙烯40%-60%，
低密度聚乙烯 10%-20%，
长寿母料14-18%，
流变剂3-5%；
中层原料配方：
茂金属线形低密度聚乙烯40%-50%，
水滑石5%-15%，
乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物15%-25%，
低密度聚乙烯 5%-15%，
长寿母料3%-7%，
转光母料6%-10%，
流变剂1-3%；
内层原料配方：
线形低密度聚乙烯5%-15%，
茂金属线形低密度聚乙烯50%-70%，
低密度聚乙烯5%-15%，
长寿母料14-18%，
流变剂3-5%；
将外层、中层、内层配方分别混合均匀，采用双头螺纹螺杆双螺杆挤出机制成母粒，经共挤模头形成三层薄膜挤出，制成多功能农用大棚薄膜，并在薄膜外涂覆水性流滴消雾涂覆液；
所述的长寿母料由以下组分组成，各组分以重量百分比计：流滴剂20%；光稳剂10%；滑石粉5%；聚乙烯蜡5%；PVC树脂粉60%；
所述的转光母料由以下组分组成，各组分以重量百分比计：转光剂20%；光稳剂10%；滑石粉5%；水滑石10%；聚乙烯蜡5%；PVC树脂粉50%；
所述水性流滴消雾涂覆液选TF-820型。
2.如权利要求1所述的三层共挤PO农用棚膜，其特征在于，原料配方如下: 各组分以重量百分比计，
内层：线形低密度聚乙烯：10%，茂金属线形低密度聚乙烯：55%，低密度聚乙烯：15%，长寿母料15%，流变剂5%；
中层：茂金属线形低密度聚乙烯：45%，水滑石母料10%，乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物：20%，低密度聚乙烯：10%，长寿母料5%，转光母料8%，流变剂2%；
外层：线形低密度聚乙烯：10%，茂金属线形低密度聚乙烯：60%，低密度聚乙烯：10%，长寿母料16%，流变剂4%。
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