CN107897905A - 一种降糖营养粉及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
一种降糖营养粉及其制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN107897905A CN107897905A CN201711275933.1A CN201711275933A CN107897905A CN 107897905 A CN107897905 A CN 107897905A CN 201711275933 A CN201711275933 A CN 201711275933A CN 107897905 A CN107897905 A CN 107897905A
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- buckwheat
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Abstract
本发明提供一种降糖营养粉及其制备方法和应用,属于食品及食品加工领域,采用的技术方案是一种降糖营养粉,所述降糖营养粉的原料包括以下重量份数的组分:糙米20‑40份、苦荞5‑15份、荞麦15‑40份、燕麦5‑20份、大豆蛋白粉2‑10份、白扁豆0.1‑2份、薏米0.1‑2份、小麦胚芽粉0.5‑5份、葛根粉0.1‑2份、山药粉0.1‑2份、枸杞0.1‑2份、魔芋粉0.1‑2份。有益效果是选取健康绿色食品及药食两用品科学配比而成,有效降血糖和保持血糖平稳,提高患者免疫力和精气神,有良好的营养保健效果,完全无副作用;口感细腻,食用方便,可随身携带,随时代餐服用,非常适合日常保健或食用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及食品及食品加工领域,具体涉及一种降糖营养粉及其制备方法和应用,具有治疗糖尿病的功效,尤其适用于糖尿病人用于日常保健食用。
背景技术
糖尿病是世界三大疑难病症之一,近些年来,随着人们生活水平的提高,我国糖尿病患者的数量不断增加,目前,在12岁及以上的成年人中糖尿病患者高达10%以上,作为一种高发的代谢性疾病,机体主要特点是胰腺的胰岛器官分泌胰岛素不足,导致身体所摄取的糖分不能得到充份分解和吸收,致使体内血糖长期处于较高的水平,还对眼、
肾、心脏、血管、神经等各种组织及器脏,慢性损害及破坏性极大。要控制糖尿病病情,有效降血糖的方法主要有药物控制、饮食控制等,另外还需严格注意自身的生活习惯,如坚持按时服药或降糖食物、不吃高胆固醇食物、不饮酒等,这些限制严重降低了人们的生活质量。
目前临床所使用的降糖药物中,各种西药都有一定的局限性和很严重的不良反应,如导致低血糖、乳酸性酸中毒等,而中药又缺乏疗效肯定、临床医生和患者都易接收的降糖制剂,迄今还没有一个药物能彻底治愈糖尿病,药物也只是能控制血糖而已。因此,饮食疗法被诸多糖尿病专家列为首要治疗方法,通过吃进食物缓解疾病,临床研究表明,饮食治疗是有效控制病情、饮食疗法是糖尿病的基础治疗,通过饮食治疗,可以减轻胰岛素β细胞的负担,有利于β细胞功能的恢复,从而达到降低空腹血糖、餐后血糖的作用。糖尿病人虽然由于糖代谢失调,对碳水化合物等应限量控制,但过分控制主食食用量或糖的摄入,又会使体内营养成分和能量供应的失衡,引起消瘦、乏力等症状的出现,加剧病情的恶化。因此,主动、积极、恰当合理的食疗才能给提供糖尿病人足够营养和能量的同时,又不至于加重疾病。目前市场供糖尿病方便食用的食品,主要以减少糖量为主,营养成分不均匀,且口感不好,停留在充饥阶段,没有保健、治疗作用,缺乏整体、全面的对血糖的调节、改善作用,因此,研发试验方便食用、降糖疗效好,适合日常保健的食品对糖尿病人改善生活质量非常重要。
发明内容
为解决现有食品组成单一、口感差,对糖尿病人降糖疗效差,缺乏综合营养、保健及调节作用的技术问题,本发明提供一种降糖营养粉,通过五谷粗粮营养及药食同源物料合理配合,协同作用,实现了有效控制血糖指数的变化,同时营养价值高,有治疗糖尿病的功效,更适合糖尿病人作为日常保健品控制血糖。
本发明采用的技术方案是:一种降糖营养粉,所述降糖营养粉的原料包括以下重量份数的组分:糙米20-40份、苦荞5-15份、荞麦15-40份、燕麦5-20份、大豆蛋白粉2-10份、白扁豆0.1-2份、薏米0.1-2份、小麦胚芽粉0.5-5份、葛根粉0.1-2份、山药粉0.1-2份、枸杞0.1-2份、魔芋粉0.1-2份。
进一步的,所述降糖营养粉的原料包括以下重量份数的组分:糙米22-32份、苦荞5-10份、荞麦25-35份、燕麦10-20份、大豆蛋白粉2-7份、白扁豆0.1-2份、薏米0.1-2份、小麦胚芽粉0.5-5份、葛根粉0.1-2份、山药粉0.1-2份、枸杞0.1-2份、魔芋粉0.1-2份、糊精0-30份、膳食纤维0-5份、甜味剂0-20份。
进一步的,所述降糖营养粉的原料包括以下重量份数的组分:糙米30份、苦荞10份、荞麦32份、燕麦15份、大豆蛋白粉4份、白扁豆0.3份、薏米0.3份、小麦胚芽粉3份、葛根粉0.3份、山药粉0.3份、魔芋粉0.3份、枸杞0.3份、膳食纤维2份、木糖醇2份和三氯蔗糖0.01份。
优选的,所述三氯蔗糖占降糖营养粉总质量的0.001-0.05%。
本发明还提供上述降糖营养粉的制备方法,所述制备方法包括以下步骤:
预制粗粮粉:选取优质糙米20-40份、苦荞5-15份、荞麦15-40份、燕麦5-20份、薏米0.1-2份和白扁豆0.1-2份,经膨化、研磨,制得80-100目的粗粮粉;
预制功能粉:称取葛根粉0.1-2份、山药粉0.1-2份、魔芋粉0.1-2份均匀混合,得功能粉;
③称取大豆蛋白粉2-10份、小麦胚芽粉0.5-5份和枸杞0.1-2份,与粗粮粉、功能粉均匀混合,即得降糖营养粉。
进一步的,所述步骤③中还称取糊精0-30份、膳食纤维0-5份和甜味剂0-20份。
进一步的,所述甜味剂是三氯蔗糖,所述三氯蔗糖占降糖营养粉总质量的0.001-0.05%。
进一步的,所述枸杞是选取烘干的枸杞经微波杀菌处理之后研磨所得.本发明还提供上述的降糖营养粉在糖尿病人食用产品中的应用。
进一步的,所述食用产品包括速溶粉制品、糕点、或饼干。
上述技术方案中,提供的降糖营养粉对糖尿病有良好的治疗作用,尤其是作为糖尿病人的日常饮食,具有显著调节血糖平衡的保健作用。上述的降糖营养粉原料中包括糙米、苦荞、荞麦、燕麦、大豆蛋白粉、膳食纤维、白扁豆、薏米、小麦胚芽粉、葛根粉、山药粉、枸杞和魔芋粉。其中,糙米中含有诸多利于提高胰岛素敏感性的微量元素,如锌、铬、锰、钒等,对糖耐量受损的人很有帮助;另外,糙米饭的血糖指数大大低于白米饭,在吃同样数量时具有更好的饱腹感,且糙米中含有的淀粉物质被粗纤维组织等所包裹,人体消化吸收速度较慢,因而能很好地控制血糖。
苦荞,是药食两用作物,味苦,性平寒,能益气力,续精神,活气血、降气宽肠,被誉为“五谷之王”,有降血压,降血糖,降血脂功效,人体所需七大营养素完全集于一身,富含硒,其独特、全面、丰富的营养成份及良好的药用特性,对人体有着卓越的营养保健价值和非凡的食疗功效。苦荞富含芦丁、槲皮素、桑色素、坎菲醇、金丝桃苷、牡荆素、儿茶素、白藜芦醇等黄酮类化合物,及硒、铬、锰等微量元素,能有效保持血脂的正常代谢,改善微循环、清除脂质过氧化物、增强胰岛素的活性、调节机体血糖代谢。另一方面,还对受损肝脏具有明显的保护作用。
荞麦,性甘味凉,入脾、胃、大肠经,有开胃宽肠,下气消积。其中铬、钒含量较高,有利于防治糖尿病,能加速糖代谢,促进脂肪和蛋白的合成,有显著的降血糖功效。
燕麦,含有丰富的不饱和脂肪酸及可溶性纤维和谷类食粮中均缺少的皂甙,水溶性纤维具有平缓饭后血糖上升的效果,有助于控制血糖,同时,燕麦中含粗蛋白质达15.6%、脂肪 8.5%,富含磷、铁、钙等元素,但糖含量低,是糖尿病人的理想食品之一。
大豆蛋白粉,是一种植物性蛋白质,其氨基酸组成与牛奶蛋白质相近,在营养价值上,可与动物蛋白等同,在基因结构上也是最接近人体氨基酸,是目前唯一含有人体所需的9 种必需氨基酸且含量满足人体需求的植物蛋白,且不含胆固醇,营养丰富,无不良副作用,是理想的日常营养供给源。
白扁豆,味甘,性微温,有健脾化湿,利尿消肿,清肝明目等功效,是药食两用作物,作为药,具有补脾胃,和中化湿的功效,还具有提高免疫力、抗菌、抗病毒的功效;作为食品,矿物质和维生素含量高,综合营养价值和滋补价值高。
薏米,富含蛋白质,维生素 B,维生素 E、 钙、锌、铁、硒、食物纤维等成分,是一种营养平衡的作物,有降血糖,抗炎、镇静,抑制肿瘤细胞生长,增强免疫功能等作用,
小麦胚芽粉,富含蛋白质、维生素、矿物质以及8种人体必需的氨基酸,是一种高蛋白、高维生素E、低热、低脂、低胆固醇的营养品。含有维生素B族、维生素D、不饱和脂肪酸、核酸、叶酸、二十八烷醇和丰富的钙、钾、镁、铁、锌、铬、硒、磷、锰、铜等多种矿物质和微量元素等,有增强耐力、精力和体力的功效,能养肝护肝,是“人类的天然营养宝库”。 小麦胚芽所含的小麦凝集素具有抗微生物和抗诱变性等多种生物效应,与脂肪细胞反应,有类似胰岛素的作用,能激活葡萄糖氧化酶降低血糖含量;同时所含的膳食纤维也能有效降低餐后血糖含量,有效防治糖尿病。
葛根粉,葛根中含有罕见的植物性雌激素-异黄酮,能有效调理内分泌、协调脏腑以及恢复机体代谢功能等,对糖尿病有良好的治疗功效。
山药粉,性味平、甘、无毒,有益 肾气、强筋骨、健脾胃等功效,是一种上等的保健食品及中药材料。其中含有的可溶性纤维,能推迟胃内食物的排空,控制饭后血糖升高,还能助消化、降血糖,用于糖尿病脾虚泄泻。
枸杞子,性甘味平:养肝,滋肾,润肺,为药食两用品,含有丰富的胡萝卜素和活性多糖,有调节血糖及血脂功效。
魔芋粉,性寒、辛,又称葡甘聚糖,是一种水溶性膳食纤维,高效调节饮食不平衡造成的血糖升高等,其中所含葡甘聚糖可成功用于降低胰岛素含量,可增加胃内物质粘度,减缓胃排空速度,延缓食物吸收。
从中医辨证学角度及整体机体理念,糖尿病的病因病机多为脏腑柔弱或后天失养、嗜食肥甘、感受外邪、情志内伤、劳逸失度、气滞血瘀。机体多阴虚火旺、胃火实火、肾气不足及脾虚。因此,本发明人通过无数例糖尿病患者的体征特点,综合考虑去火养肝、健脾、补肾气等,并同时补充营养、精气,选取药食同源品苦荞、白扁豆及山药等,配合营养辅助组分如大豆蛋白等,以白扁豆清除肝脏毒素、燥火,进一步以枸杞、小麦胚芽粉养肝护肝,从而促进糙米、苦荞、荞麦及魔芋粉中微量元素等对胰岛素活性的增强作用,调节机体血糖代谢,并利用上述精选组方的补充营养作用及协调脏腑功能作用,提高患者机体免疫力,对患者机体达到整体血糖调节、保持平稳的效果,进一步综合考虑口感及食用方便性等因素,科学选取上述成分,并恰当配比,通过组分间的协调配合功效从而达到有效降血糖,控制血糖平稳,同时提高患者精神,保证营养供给,提高生活质量和幸福感,降低病态抑郁等,通过志愿者实验考察收到了极佳的防、治效果,收到极高的评价。
本发明的有益效果是:(1)本发明所提供的降糖营养粉是立足食疗,选取健康绿色食品及药食两用品优化组成和配比而成,对糖尿病防治效果良好,有效降血糖和保持血糖平稳,同时提高患者免疫力和精气神,有良好的营养保健效果,完全无副作用;(2)进一步改进的技术方案中,加入甜味剂、糊精等,大大改善了口感和食用后的饱腹感,深受患者喜爱;(3)通过膨化、粉碎研磨等,口感细腻,食用方便,可随身携带,随时代餐服用,非常适合日常保健或食用。
具体实施方式
以下通过具体实施例详细说明本发明的降糖营养粉及其制备方法和应用,但不以任何形势限制本发明。
本发明提供一种降糖营养粉,其示例性组成可见如下表1。
表1 降糖营养粉组成示例(质量份数比)
上述降糖营养粉的制备方法如下:
预制粗粮粉:筛选并按比例称取优质糙米、苦荞、荞麦、燕麦、薏米份和白扁豆,经、膨化、研磨,制得80-100目的粗粮粉;
预制功能粉:称取葛根粉、山药粉、魔芋粉均匀混合,得功能粉;
③称取大豆蛋白粉、小麦胚芽粉和枸杞,此时,可进一步添加糊精、膳食纤维和甜味剂,与粗粮粉、功能粉均匀混合,即得降糖营养粉。
其中,所述枸杞是选取烘干的枸杞经微波杀菌处理之后研磨所得,这样冲泡后整体均匀细腻,色泽鲜艳,食欲和口感好,安全卫生。所述的膳食纤维优选大豆膳食纤维粉,其组分主要包括纤维素、果胶质、木聚糖、甘露糖等,大豆膳食纤维在肠内可形成网状结构,增加肠液的黏度,使食物与消化液不能充分接触,阻碍葡萄糖扩散,减慢葡萄糖的吸收而降低血糖含量。还能促进人体胃肠吸收水分,延缓葡萄糖的吸收,同时大豆膳食纤维还具有营养丰富、风味独特、食用安全方便,还能使人产生饱腹感,是更适合糖尿病人食用的膳食纤维中。
上述制备的降糖营养粉可在应用糖尿病人食用产品中,如速溶粉制品、糕点、或饼干,按照常规工艺进行冲制、烘焙等即可作为糖尿病人的日常食品、保健品。
进一步的,本研究考察了降糖营养粉对糖尿病患者的治疗和防治作用,具有研究方式如下:
1、对糖尿病患者的治疗效果研究
经患者自愿同意,随机将我院治疗的480名糖尿病患者分成A、B共2组,每组240人,进行持续3个月的检测,其中A组为服用医生对症开具的处方药,如胰岛素促泌剂、糖苷酶抑制剂或双胍类等,均按照说明书服用;B组开始10天与A组同样服用西药,第11-20天以实施例3所示的降糖营养粉50g(以60-90℃水冲泡后焖3-5min即可食用),代替一次药物,第21天开始,停止西药给予,以每天早晚分别食用持续降糖营养粉50g。每隔三天,于第4日清晨测量空腹血糖一次,饭后两小时血糖一次,共检测22次,每次数据包括A组空腹血糖值、A组饭后两小时血糖值、B组空腹血糖值和B组饭后两小时血糖值,对所检测数据进行范围百分比统计,结果如下:
上述结果发现,发现:A、B两组患者在检测期间,服药组及食疗组队血糖的控制均有良好效果,具体的,空腹血糖值各范围均无显著性差异,而对于餐后两小时的血糖值,B组处于健康范围和较良好范围的比例明显高于A组,说明本发明提供的降糖营养粉不仅能有效降血糖,更能有效保持血糖平稳。
就患者体验调查发现,B组患者描述较先前服药期间,身体舒适度明显转好,力气增大,精神好。
2、患者评述
随机选取食用本降糖营养粉的患者及隐性糖尿病人,考察对本产品的总和体验,认为口感好,使用方便,效果显著者达94%,充分证明本降糖营养粉可作为糖尿病人的日常保健品,用于有效控制血糖平稳,防治糖尿病并发症。
通过上述实施例可见,本发明提供的降糖营养粉,组分科学巧妙,配比合理,安全有效,且使用方便,是糖尿病人的理想治疗产品和保健产品。
Claims (10)
1.一种降糖营养粉,其特征在于,所述降糖营养粉的原料包括以下重量份数的组分:糙米20-40份、苦荞5-15份、荞麦15-40份、燕麦5-20份、大豆蛋白粉2-10份、白扁豆0.1-2份、薏米0.1-2份、小麦胚芽粉0.5-5份、葛根粉0.1-2份、山药粉0.1-2份、枸杞0.1-2份、魔芋粉0.1-2份。
2.根据权利要求1所述降糖营养粉,其特征在于,所述降糖营养粉的原料包括以下重量份数的组分:糙米22-32份、苦荞5-10份、荞麦25-35份、燕麦10-20份、大豆蛋白粉2-7份、白扁豆0.1-2份、薏米0.1-2份、小麦胚芽粉0.5-5份、葛根粉0.1-2份、山药粉0.1-2份、枸杞0.1-2份、魔芋粉0.1-2份、糊精0-30份、膳食纤维0-5份、甜味剂0-20份。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述降糖营养粉,其特征在于,所述降糖营养粉的原料包括以下重量份数的组分:糙米30份、苦荞10份、荞麦32份、燕麦15份、大豆蛋白粉4份、白扁豆0.3份、薏米0.3份、小麦胚芽粉3份、葛根粉0.3份、山药粉0.3份、魔芋粉0.3份、枸杞0.3份、膳食纤维2份、木糖醇2份和三氯蔗糖0.01份。
4.根据权利要求3所述的降糖营养粉,其特征在于,所述三氯蔗糖占降糖营养粉总质量的0.001-0.05%。
5.一种降糖营养粉的制备方法,其特征在于包括以下步骤:
预制粗粮粉:选取优质糙米20-40份、苦荞5-15份、荞麦15-40份、燕麦5-20份、薏米0.1-2份和白扁豆0.1-2份,经膨化、研磨,制得80-100目的粗粮粉;
预制功能粉:称取葛根粉0.1-2份、山药粉0.1-2份、魔芋粉0.1-2份均匀混合,得功能粉;
③称取大豆蛋白粉2-10份、小麦胚芽粉0.5-5份和枸杞0.1-2份,与粗粮粉、功能粉均匀混合,即得降糖营养粉。
6.根据权利要求5所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤③中还称取糊精0-30份、膳食纤维0-5份和甜味剂0-20份。
7.根据权利要求5所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述甜味剂是三氯蔗糖,所述三氯蔗糖占降糖营养粉总质量的0.001-0.05%。
8.根据权利要求5所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述枸杞是选取烘干的枸杞经微波杀菌处理之后研磨所得。
9.权利要求1所述的降糖营养粉在糖尿病人食用产品中的应用。
10.根据权利要求9所述的应用,其特征在于:所述食用产品包括速溶粉制品、糕点、或饼干。
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