CN107876091A - 一种乙醇脱水制乙烯催化剂的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种乙醇脱水制乙烯催化剂的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种乙醇脱水制乙烯催化剂的制备方法,KMnO4、MnSO4、锰氧化物、COF‑1颗粒、二氧六环、均三甲苯和冰醋酸作为主要原料,催化剂采用采用高结晶性、高比表面积和孔容的亚胺连接共价有机骨架材料COF‑1作为载体,通过化学浸渍和超声处理的方法将锰氧化物颗粒沉积于结构稳定的COF‑1纳米材料中,载体具有极高的比表面积和孔隙率,加快了乙醇分子的吸附和产物烯烃的脱附,从而提高了催化效率,本发明催化剂对乙醇脱水反应有优异的催化净化效果。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种乙醇脱水制乙烯催化剂及其制备方法,属于催化材料领域。
背景技术
近来,乙醇特别是可再生生物乙醇脱水制备乙烯越来越受到人们的重视,其具有绿色、可持续、反应条件温和以及产物乙烯纯度高等多方面的优点。生物乙醇主要来源于农副产品的发酵,可避免对石油资源的依赖,在巴西、印度、巴基斯坦等一些石油资源医乏的国家一直沿用此法生产乙烯,这一点对贫油和少油的国家更有现实意义。乙醇脱水制备乙烯具有部分或全部代替从石油获取乙烯的巨大潜力。因此,研究乙醇脱水制乙烯具有重大的经济价值和战略意义。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种乙醇脱水制乙烯催化剂的制备方法,使用该催化剂烯烃选择性大幅提高。
一种乙醇脱水制乙烯催化剂的制备方法,该方法包括以下步骤:
步骤1、先将KMnO4和MnSO4分别溶于相应的去离子水反应,得KMnO4浓度为0.5mg/ml,MnSO4浓度为0.2mg/ml,将两种溶液按的体积比1:1混合,加热反应时间为40小时;
步骤2、将反应所得溶液离心,去除上清液,加入去离子水,离心清洗3次,然后再115℃烘干老化10小时,之后将产物震荡粉碎,得到固体颗粒锰氧化物;
步骤3、将COF-1纳米材料置于相应容器中,加水至过量,充分搅拌过夜;再使用砂芯漏斗对搅拌之后的液体进行过滤,将所得固体置于烘箱95℃烘干6小时,使用圆振筛将固体粉碎,得到固体COF-1颗粒;
步骤4、将上述锰氧化物和COF-1颗粒两种固体按质量比1:5混合搅拌均匀,加入过量去离子水,超声震荡,打碎固体颗粒,使其混合更加均匀;将所得产物与液体离心分离,所得固体155℃烘干老化3小时,最后将固体产物使用滚筒筛将产物震荡粉碎,制得基于COF-1纳米颗粒的锰氧化物乙醇催化剂。
所述的COF-1纳米材料制备方法如下:
步骤1、将2.36mmol二氧六环、5.74mmol均三甲苯和0.6mmol冰醋酸分散在5.56mmol蒸馏水中,形成混合溶液;将0.08mmol的2,4,6一三(4一氨基苯基)一1,3,5三嗪和0.12mmol的2,5一二甲氧基一对苯二甲醛分散在所述混合溶液中;
步骤2、在氮气氛下,所得混合液静止于120℃下反应72小时,过滤,用干燥的四氢吠喃和丙酮分别洗涤3次,得到固体粉末;
步骤3、将所述的固体粉末80℃真空干燥12小时,得到具有高结晶性、高比表面积和孔容的
亚胺连接共价有机骨架材料COF-1。
有益效果:本发明的乙醇脱水制乙烯催化剂采用高结晶性、高比表面积和孔容的亚胺连接共价有
机骨架材料COF-1作为载体,通过化学浸渍和超声处理的方法将锰氧化物颗粒沉积于结构稳
定的COF-1纳米材料中,载体具有极高的比表面积和孔隙率,加快了乙醇分子的吸附和产物
烯烃的脱附,从而提高了催化效率;此外,通过优化催化材料制备工艺中原料的配比组成,
严格控制合成后催化材料的比表面积、空间结构以及或活性位数目,使得锰氧化物均匀的负
载在COF-1纳米材料的的内外表面,提高乙醇的转化率和烯烃的选择性,对乙醇的脱水反应
具有优异的催化效果。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种乙醇脱水制乙烯催化剂的制备方法,该方法包括以下步骤:
步骤1、先将KMnO4和MnSO4分别溶于相应的去离子水反应,得KMnO4浓度为0.5mg/ml,MnSO4浓度为0.2mg/ml,将两种溶液按的体积比1:1混合,加热反应时间为40小时;
步骤2、将反应所得溶液离心,去除上清液,加入去离子水,离心清洗3次,然后再115℃烘干老化10小时,之后将产物震荡粉碎,得到固体颗粒锰氧化物;
步骤3、将COF-1纳米材料置于相应容器中,加水至过量,充分搅拌过夜;再使用砂芯漏斗对搅拌之后的液体进行过滤,将所得固体置于烘箱95℃烘干6小时,使用圆振筛将固体粉碎,得到固体COF-1颗粒;
步骤4、将上述锰氧化物和COF-1颗粒两种固体按质量比1:5混合搅拌均匀,加入过量去离子水,超声震荡,打碎固体颗粒,使其混合更加均匀;将所得产物与液体离心分离,所得固体155℃烘干老化3小时,最后将固体产物使用滚筒筛将产物震荡粉碎,制得基于COF-1纳米颗粒的锰氧化物乙醇催化剂。
所述的COF-1纳米材料制备方法如下:
步骤1、将2.36mmol二氧六环、5.74mmol均三甲苯和0.6mmol冰醋酸分散在5.56mmol蒸馏水中,形成混合溶液;将0.08mmol的2,4,6一三(4一氨基苯基)一1,3,5三嗪和0.12mmol的2,5一二甲氧基一对苯二甲醛分散在所述混合溶液中;
步骤2、在氮气氛下,所得混合液静止于120℃下反应72小时,过滤,用干燥的四氢吠喃和丙酮分别洗涤3次,得到固体粉末;
步骤3、将所述的固体粉末80℃真空干燥12小时,得到具有高结晶性、高比表面积和孔容的
亚胺连接共价有机骨架材料COF-1。
实施例2
步骤4、将上述锰氧化物和COF-1颗粒两种固体按质量比1:1混合搅拌均匀,加入过量去离子水,超声震荡,打碎固体颗粒,使其混合更加均匀;将所得产物与液体离心分离,所得固体155℃烘干老化3小时,最后将固体产物使用滚筒筛将产物震荡粉碎,制得基于COF-1纳米颗粒的锰氧化物乙醇催化剂。
其余步骤同实施例1。
实施例3
步骤4、将上述锰氧化物和COF-1颗粒两种固体按质量比1:2混合搅拌均匀,加入过量去离子水,超声震荡,打碎固体颗粒,使其混合更加均匀;将所得产物与液体离心分离,所得固体155℃烘干老化3小时,最后将固体产物使用滚筒筛将产物震荡粉碎,制得基于COF-1纳米颗粒的锰氧化物乙醇催化剂。
其余步骤同实施例1。
实施例4
步骤4、将上述锰氧化物和COF-1颗粒两种固体按质量比1:3混合搅拌均匀,加入过量去离子水,超声震荡,打碎固体颗粒,使其混合更加均匀;将所得产物与液体离心分离,所得固体155℃烘干老化3小时,最后将固体产物使用滚筒筛将产物震荡粉碎,制得基于COF-1纳米颗粒的锰氧化物乙醇催化剂。
其余步骤同实施例1。
实施例5
步骤4、将上述锰氧化物和COF-1颗粒两种固体按质量比1:4混合搅拌均匀,加入过量去离子水,超声震荡,打碎固体颗粒,使其混合更加均匀;将所得产物与液体离心分离,所得固体155℃烘干老化3小时,最后将固体产物使用滚筒筛将产物震荡粉碎,制得基于COF-1纳米颗粒的锰氧化物乙醇催化剂。
;其余步骤同实施例1。
实施例6
步骤4、将上述锰氧化物和COF-1颗粒两种固体按质量比5:1混合搅拌均匀,加入过量去离子水,超声震荡,打碎固体颗粒,使其混合更加均匀;将所得产物与液体离心分离,所得固体155℃烘干老化3小时,最后将固体产物使用滚筒筛将产物震荡粉碎,制得基于COF-1纳米颗粒的锰氧化物乙醇催化剂。
其余步骤同实施例1。
实施例7
步骤4、将上述锰氧化物和COF-1颗粒两种固体按质量比5:2混合搅拌均匀,加入过量去离子水,超声震荡,打碎固体颗粒,使其混合更加均匀;将所得产物与液体离心分离,所得固体155℃烘干老化3小时,最后将固体产物使用滚筒筛将产物震荡粉碎,制得基于COF-1纳米颗粒的锰氧化物乙醇催化剂。
其余步骤同实施例1。
实施例8
步骤4、将上述锰氧化物和COF-1颗粒两种固体按质量比10:1混合搅拌均匀,加入过量去离子水,超声震荡,打碎固体颗粒,使其混合更加均匀;将所得产物与液体离心分离,所得固体155℃烘干老化3小时,最后将固体产物使用滚筒筛将产物震荡粉碎,制得基于COF-1纳米颗粒的锰氧化物乙醇催化剂。
其余步骤同实施例1。
实施例9
步骤4、将上述锰氧化物和COF-1颗粒两种固体按质量比10:7混合搅拌均匀,加入过量去离子水,超声震荡,打碎固体颗粒,使其混合更加均匀;将所得产物与液体离心分离,所得固体155℃烘干老化3小时,最后将固体产物使用滚筒筛将产物震荡粉碎,制得基于COF-1纳米颗粒的锰氧化物乙醇催化剂。
其余步骤同实施例1。
实施例10
步骤4、将上述锰氧化物和COF-1颗粒两种固体按质量比10:3混合搅拌均匀,加入过量去离子水,超声震荡,打碎固体颗粒,使其混合更加均匀;将所得产物与液体离心分离,所得固体155℃烘干老化3小时,最后将固体产物使用滚筒筛将产物震荡粉碎,制得基于COF-1纳米颗粒的锰氧化物乙醇催化剂。
其余步骤同实施例1。
实施例11
步骤4、将上述锰氧化物、有机酸化纳米硅和COF-1颗粒两种固体按质量比1:1:5混合搅拌均匀,加入过量去离子水,超声震荡,打碎固体颗粒,使其混合更加均匀;将所得产物与液体离心分离,所得固体155℃烘干老化3小时,最后将固体产物使用滚筒筛将产物震荡粉碎,制得基于COF-1纳米颗粒的锰氧化物乙醇催化剂。
其余步骤同实施例1。
所述的有机酸化纳米硅的制备方法如下:
将200g粒径为30nm的纳米氧化硅投入到水溶液中,在20℃下以3000rpm的搅拌速度机械搅拌15min后,得到纳米氧化硅的水分散液;向得到的纳米氧化硅的水分散液中加入15g改性剂L一硫代水杨酸,在80℃温度下,3000rpm的转速下搅拌,得到改性纳米氧化硅悬浮液;将所得的悬浮液进行喷雾干燥,喷雾干燥的转速为16000rpm,喷雾干燥的温度为100℃,得到有机酸化纳米硅;
对照例1
与实施例1不同点在于::乙醇脱水制乙烯催化剂制备的步骤1中,KMnO4浓度为0.5mg/ml,MnSO4浓度为0.2mg/ml,将两种溶液按的体积比1:3混合,其余步骤与实施例1完全相同。
对照例2
与实施例1不同点在于:乙醇脱水制乙烯催化剂制备的步骤1中,KMnO4浓度为0.5mg/ml,MnSO4浓度为0.2mg/ml,将两种溶液按的体积比4:1混合,其余步骤与实施例1完全相同。
对照例3
与实施例1不同点在于:乙醇脱水制乙烯催化剂制备的步骤1中,加入去离子水,离心清洗3次,然后再95℃烘干老化5小时,其余步骤与实施例1完全相同。
对照例4
与实施例1不同点在于:乙醇脱水制乙烯催化剂制备的步骤1中,加入去离子水,离心清洗3次,然后再150℃烘干老化3小时,其余步骤与实施例1完全相同。
对照例5
与实施例1不同点在于:COF-1纳米材料制备的步骤1中,将1.36mmol二氧六环、6.74mmol均三甲苯和0.6mmol冰醋酸分散在5.56mmol蒸馏水中,形成混合溶液,其余步骤与实施例1完全相同。
对照例6
与实施例1不同点在于:COF-1纳米材料制备的步骤1中,将4.36mmol二氧六环、2.74mmol均三甲苯和0.3mmol冰醋酸分散在5.56mmol蒸馏水中,形成混合溶液,其余步骤与实施例1完全相同。
对照例7
与实施例1不同点在于:COF-1纳米材料制备的步骤1中,将0.8mmol的2,4,6一三(4一氨基苯基)一1,3,5三嗪和0.42mmol的2,5一二甲氧基一对苯二甲醛分散在所述混合溶液中,其余步骤与实施例1完全相同。
对照例8
与实施例1不同点在于:COF-1纳米材料制备的步骤1中,将0.01mmol的2,4,6一三(4一氨基苯基)一1,3,5三嗪和0.02mmol的2,5一二甲氧基一对苯二甲醛分散在所述混合溶液中,其余步骤与实施例1完全相同。
对照例9
与实施例1不同点在于:COF-1纳米材料制备的步骤2中,在CO2气氛下,所得混合液静止于100℃下反应72小时,其余步骤与实施例1完全相同。
对照例10
与实施例1不同点在于:COF-1纳米材料制备的步骤2中,在CO2气氛下,所得混合液静止于160℃下反应36小时,其余步骤与实施例1完全相同。
通过将催化剂装填到常压固定床反应器中,原料为95wt%乙醇水溶液,装填量500g,反应温度380℃,空速GHSV为3h-1,反应前,在氮气保护下400℃活化2h,然后降至反应温度开始反应20小时,产物由气相色谱进行分析,计算乙醇转化率和烯烃选择性,结果如表所示。
催化剂的反应结果
实验结果表明本发明制备的乙醇脱水制乙烯催化剂采用高结晶性、高比表面积和孔容的亚胺连接共价有机骨架材料COF-1作为载体,通过化学浸渍和超声处理的方法将锰氧化物颗粒沉积于结构稳定的COF-1纳米材料中,载体具有极高的比表面积和孔隙率,加快了乙醇分子的吸附和产物烯烃的脱附,从而提高了催化效率,在反应条件一定时,乙烯选择性率越高,催化性能越好,反之越差;锰氧化物、COF-1颗粒质量比为1:5,其他配料固定,乙醇转化效果最好,与实施例1不同点在于,实施例2至实施例10分别改变催化剂主要原料的组成和配比,对催化剂的催化性能有不同的影响,值得注意的是实施例11加入了有机酸化纳米硅,乙烯选择性显提高,说明有机酸化纳米硅对催化材料的结构活性有更好的优化作用;对照例1至对照例 4改变了溶液液体积比以及老化温度,其他步骤完全相同,导致催化剂的活性发生变化,乙烯选择性明显降低;对照例5至对照例8改变COF-1有机原料的配比,乙烯选择性也不高,说明有机原料的配比对催化材料的结构影响很大;对照例9和对照例10在CO2气氛下焙烧,改变反应温度,催化效果明显变差;因此使用本发明制备的催化剂对乙醇脱水反应具有优异的催化效果。
Claims (2)
1.一种乙醇脱水制乙烯催化剂的制备方法,其特征在于该方法包括以下步骤:
步骤1、先将KMnO4和MnSO4分别溶于相应的去离子水反应,得KMnO4浓度为0.5mg/ml,MnSO4浓度为0.2mg/ml,将两种溶液按的体积比1:1混合,加热反应时间为40小时;
步骤2、将反应所得溶液离心,去除上清液,加入去离子水,离心清洗3次,然后再115℃烘干老化10小时,之后将产物震荡粉碎,得到固体颗粒锰氧化物;
步骤3、将COF-1纳米材料置于相应容器中,加水至过量,充分搅拌过夜;再使用砂芯漏斗对搅拌之后的液体进行过滤,将所得固体置于烘箱95℃烘干6小时,使用圆振筛将固体粉碎,得到固体COF-1颗粒;
步骤4、将上述锰氧化物和COF-1颗粒两种固体按质量比1:5混合搅拌均匀,加入过量去离子水,超声震荡,打碎固体颗粒,使其混合更加均匀;将所得产物与液体离心分离,所得固体155℃烘干老化3小时,最后将固体产物使用滚筒筛将产物震荡粉碎,制得基于COF-1纳米颗粒的锰氧化物乙醇催化剂。
2.权利要求1所述一种乙醇脱水制乙烯催化剂的制备方法,其特征在于所述,
所述的COF-1纳米材料制备方法如下:
步骤1、将2.36mmol二氧六环、5.74mmol均三甲苯和0.6mmol冰醋酸分散在5.56mmol蒸馏水中,形成混合溶液;将0.08mmol的2,4,6一三(4一氨基苯基)一1,3,5三嗪和0.12mmol的2,5一二甲氧基一对苯二甲醛分散在所述混合溶液中;
步骤2、在氮气氛下,所得混合液静止于120℃下反应72小时,过滤,用干燥的四氢吠喃和丙酮分别洗涤3次,得到固体粉末;
步骤3、将所述的固体粉末80℃真空干燥12小时,得到具有高结晶性、高比表面积和孔容的亚胺连接共价有机骨架材料COF-1。
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