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CN107860816A - The extraction of trace uranium element and separation method in a kind of fluid sample - Google Patents

The extraction of trace uranium element and separation method in a kind of fluid sample Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107860816A
CN107860816A CN201711057453.8A CN201711057453A CN107860816A CN 107860816 A CN107860816 A CN 107860816A CN 201711057453 A CN201711057453 A CN 201711057453A CN 107860816 A CN107860816 A CN 107860816A
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aqueous solution
fluid sample
concentration
extraction
uranium element
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CN107860816B (en
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聂亚峰
白晓波
周黎明
张爱红
卢彩虹
周建梅
赵晓光
刘波
王宁
赵男
关彩虹
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China People's Liberation Army Institute Of Chemical Defense
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China People's Liberation Army Institute Of Chemical Defense
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/62Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating the ionisation of gases, e.g. aerosols; by investigating electric discharges, e.g. emission of cathode
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/28Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
    • G01N1/34Purifying; Cleaning

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Liquids With Adsorbents In General (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Non-Biological Materials By The Use Of Chemical Means (AREA)
  • Other Investigation Or Analysis Of Materials By Electrical Means (AREA)
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Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of extraction of trace uranium element in fluid sample and separation method, belongs to trace analysis Sample Pretreatment Technique Used field.The method of the invention is mainly used as extractant by the use of two kinds of organic phosphine mixtures of pentyl pentyl phosphate and trioctylphosphine oxide (TOPO), and the concentration of strict Non-leaching salpeter solution, make uranium element that there is higher distribution coefficient and stronger adsorption capacity, so as to reach preferable extract and separate effect;And the sal volatile of certain concentration is used to make uranium element that there is the higher rate of recovery as eluant, eluent.Extraction of the present invention and separation method can simply and quickly realize the concentration to trace uranium element in fluid sample, while realize the separation to some interference heavy metal ion, improve the stability and reliability of determination of trace uranium element determination result in fluid sample.

Description

The extraction of trace uranium element and separation method in a kind of fluid sample
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of extraction separating method, in more particularly to a kind of fluid sample the extraction of trace uranium element and point From method, belong to trace analysis Sample Pretreatment Technique Used field.
Background technology
Extraction is the effective ways of SEPARATION OF URANIUM and impurity in the weak solution that uranium concentration is low, impurity content is high.In uranium In extraction process, conventional extractant includes:Organic phosphine and alkyl amine extractant, such as tributyl phosphate (TBP), two (2- second Base hexyl) phosphoric acid and trioctylamine etc..Alkyl amine extractant is limited in one's ability to uranium extraction, using it is more be that organic phosphine extracts Agent;At present, in uranium element trace analysis field, most widely used is TBP extractants, but some technologies also be present and limit to.Such as: TBP can produce chemical degradation in use, these catabolites meeting adsorbing contaminant ion, reduce decontamination factor, Jin Erying The efficiency of extraction is rung, the rate of recovery for ultimately resulting in target uranium element is relatively low;In addition, in trace analysis, possible impact analysis side The sensitivity of method.
The content of the invention
In view of the deficienciess of the prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide trace uranium element in a kind of fluid sample Extraction and separation method, extraction is used as by the use of two kinds of organic phosphine mixtures of pentyl pentyl phosphate and trioctylphosphine oxide (TOPO) (TOPO) Agent, and strict Non-leaching HNO3The concentration of solution, make uranium element that there is higher distribution coefficient and stronger adsorption capacity, from And reach preferable extract and separate effect;And using certain concentration sal volatile be used as eluant, eluent, make uranium element with compared with The high rate of recovery.
The mesh of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
The extraction of trace uranium element and separation method in a kind of fluid sample, methods described comprise the following steps that:
(1) hexane solution of pentyl pentyl phosphate and trioctylphosphine oxide (TOPO) is added in polytetrafluoroethylene powder, then Stirring is complete to n-hexane volatilization, in fluffy, then uses HNO3After the aqueous solution I is adjusted to pulpous state, the two of wet method dress post and chromatograph post End is filled with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) silk, then uses HNO3The aqueous solution II elutes the chromatograph post being equipped with, and balances chromatograph post;
(2) by fluid sample upper prop, and chromatograph post is eluted with aqueous solution of nitric acid III, then with purity not less than deionized water Water washs chromatograph post to neutrality, finally uses (NH4)2CO3The aqueous solution elutes chromatograph post, and collects eluent, that is, completes to liquid The separation of trace uranium element in sample.
In hexane solution containing pentyl pentyl phosphate and trioctylphosphine oxide (TOPO), the concentration of pentyl pentyl phosphate is preferred 0.1mol/L~0.2mol/L, the preferred 0.1mol/L~0.2mol/L of concentration of trioctylphosphine oxide (TOPO);Pentyl pentyl phosphate and three The mol ratio of octylphosphine oxide is 1:1;1mL is added in every gram of polytetrafluoroethylene powder and contains pentyl pentyl phosphate and trioctylphosphine oxide (TOPO) Hexane solution.
HNO3The concentration of the aqueous solution I is 0.1mol/L~0.3mol/L, and 0.5mL HNO are added in every gram of polytetrafluoroethylene powder3 The aqueous solution I.
HNO3The concentration of the aqueous solution II is 1.5mol/L~2.5mol/L, the preferred 1mL/min~2mL/min of flow velocity;HNO3Water The volume of solution II and the volume ratio preferably 3~5 of chromatograph post:1.
To ensure effect of extracting, the flow velocity of fluid sample upper prop is less than 2.5mL/min.
The concentration of aqueous solution of nitric acid III is 2mol/L~5mol/L, the preferred 1.5mL/min~2.5mL/min of flow velocity;Nitric acid The volume of the aqueous solution III and the volume ratio preferably 3~6 of chromatograph post:1.
(NH4)2CO3The concentration of the aqueous solution is 0.05mol/L~0.4mol/L, the preferred 1mL/min~2mL/min of flow velocity; (NH4)2CO3The volume of the aqueous solution and the volume ratio preferably 3~6 of chromatograph post:1.
Beneficial effect:
Compared with individually using the extracting chromatographic column of TBP or pentyl pentyl phosphate as extraction packing material, the present invention It is middle to be used as extraction packing material using two kinds of organic phosphine mixtures of pentyl pentyl phosphate and TOPO, and optimize amyl group di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate The proportioning of pentyl ester and TOPO, effect of extracting is more preferable, and dirt-removing power is strong.Phosphono oxygen atom group can produce by force with actinide metal ion Coordination, therefore in neutral organophosphorus compound, the organic phosphine compound extracting power of R3PO (R is alkyl) structure is most strong, Such as TOPO;In addition, phosphoric ester compound, in extraction process, can remove some impurity metal ions very well, avoid list The shortcomings that solely using TOPO, ensure extraction efficiency.HNO is eluted by Optimized Extraction post3The concentration of solution, eluent (NH4)2CO3 The crucial extracting operation parameter such as the concentration of the aqueous solution, make uranium element that there is the higher rate of recovery, so as to reach preferably extraction point From effect.
Extraction of the present invention and separation method can be realized simply and quickly to nanogram magnitude uranium element in fluid sample Concentration, while realize the separation to some interference heavy metal ion, improve determination of trace uranium element determination result in fluid sample Stability and reliability.
Embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the present invention will be further described.
In following examples:
Polytetrafluoroethylene powder:The mesh of 30 mesh~60, Chinese medicines group chemical reagents corporation;
Icp mses (ICP-MS):Model Mars-9000, the limited public affairs of optically focused science and technology (Hangzhou) share Department;Tested using common sensitivity mode238U isotopes.
Embodiment 1
(1) pentyl pentyl phosphate and trioctylphosphine oxide (TOPO) are dissolved in n-hexane, are configured to pentyl pentyl phosphate concentration The hexane solution for being 0.15mol/L for 0.15mol/L and TOPO concentration;
(2) under agitation, the hexane solution prepared in 30mL steps (1) is added to 30g polytetrafluoroethylene powders dropwise In, it is subsequently placed in fume hood and stirs 1h, n-hexane volatilization is complete, in fluffy;It is again 0.2mol/L's with 15mL concentration HNO3After the aqueous solution I is adjusted to pulpous state, the both ends of wet method dress post and chromatograph post are filled with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) silk, are with 20mL concentration 2.0mol/L aqueous solution of nitric acid II balances chromatograph post, and it is 2.0mL/min to control the flow velocity of aqueous solution of nitric acid II;
Wherein, the material of chromatograph post used is glass, internal diameter 10mm, height of bed 80mm, and the both ends of chromatograph post are with poly- four PVF silk is filled;
(3) 5ng uranium standard samples are added in the aqueous solution of nitric acid that 200mL concentration is 2.0mol/L, are configured to liquid Sample;
(4) the fluid sample upper prop for step (3) being prepared with 2.0mL/min flow velocity, washs the beaker of holding liquid sample And by cleaning solution in the lump upper prop;Then, the aqueous solution of nitric acid III for being 3.0mol/L with 20mL concentration elutes chromatograph post, and controls nitre The flow velocity of aqueous acid III is 2.0mL/min;Chromatograph post is washed to neutrality with deionized water again, is with 20mL concentration finally 0.1mol/L (NH4)2CO3The aqueous solution elutes chromatograph post, and controls (NH4)2CO3The flow velocity of the aqueous solution is 1.0mL/min, is collected Eluent, that is, complete the concentrating and separating to trace uranium element in fluid sample.
The eluent of collection is analyzed using ICP-MS,238U detected level is 4.63ng, and sample recovery rate is 92.6%.
Embodiment 2
(1) pentyl pentyl phosphate and trioctylphosphine oxide (TOPO) are dissolved in n-hexane, are configured to pentyl pentyl phosphate concentration The hexane solution for being 0.15mol/L for 0.15mol/L and TOPO concentration;
(2) under agitation, the hexane solution prepared in 30mL steps (1) is added to 30g polytetrafluoroethylene powders dropwise In, it is subsequently placed in fume hood and stirs 1h, n-hexane volatilization is complete, in fluffy;It is again 0.2mol/L's with 15mL concentration HNO3After the aqueous solution I is adjusted to pulpous state, the both ends of wet method dress post and chromatograph post are filled with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) silk, are with 20mL concentration 2.0mol/L aqueous solution of nitric acid II balances chromatograph post, and it is 2.0mL/min to control the flow velocity of aqueous solution of nitric acid II;
Wherein, the material of chromatograph post used is glass, internal diameter 10mm, height of bed 80mm, and the both ends of chromatograph post are with poly- four PVF silk is filled;
(3) 5ng uranium standard samples are added in the aqueous solution of nitric acid that 200mL concentration is 2.0mol/L, are configured to liquid Sample;
(4) the fluid sample upper prop for step (3) being prepared with 2.0mL/min flow velocity, washs the beaker of holding liquid sample And by cleaning solution in the lump upper prop;Then, the aqueous solution of nitric acid III for being 4.0mol/L with 20mL concentration elutes chromatograph post, and controls nitre The flow velocity of aqueous acid III is 2.0mL/min;Chromatograph post is washed to neutrality with deionized water again, is with 20mL concentration finally 0.2mol/L (NH4)2CO3The aqueous solution elutes chromatograph post, and controls (NH4)2CO3The flow velocity of the aqueous solution is 1.0mL/min, is collected Eluent, that is, complete the concentrating and separating to trace uranium element in fluid sample.
The eluent of collection is analyzed using ICP-MS,238U detected level is 4.78ng, and sample recovery rate is 95.6%.
Embodiment 3
(1) pentyl pentyl phosphate and trioctylphosphine oxide (TOPO) are dissolved in n-hexane, are configured to pentyl pentyl phosphate concentration The hexane solution for being 0.15mol/L for 0.15mol/L and TOPO concentration;
(2) under agitation, the hexane solution prepared in 30mL steps (1) is added to 30g polytetrafluoroethylene powders dropwise In, it is subsequently placed in fume hood and stirs 1h, n-hexane volatilization is complete, in fluffy;It is again 0.2mol/L's with 15mL concentration HNO3After the aqueous solution I is adjusted to pulpous state, the both ends of wet method dress post and chromatograph post are filled with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) silk, are with 20mL concentration 2.0mol/L aqueous solution of nitric acid II balances chromatograph post, and it is 2.0mL/min to control the flow velocity of aqueous solution of nitric acid II;
Wherein, the material of chromatograph post used is glass, internal diameter 10mm, height of bed 80mm, and the both ends of chromatograph post are with poly- four PVF silk is filled;
(3) 5ng uranium standard samples are added in the aqueous solution of nitric acid that 200mL concentration is 2.0mol/L, are configured to liquid Sample;
(4) the fluid sample upper prop for step (3) being prepared with 2.0mL/min flow velocity, washs the beaker of holding liquid sample And by cleaning solution in the lump upper prop;Then, the aqueous solution of nitric acid III for being 5.0mol/L with 20mL concentration elutes chromatograph post, and controls nitre The flow velocity of aqueous acid III is 2.0mL/min;Chromatograph post is washed to neutrality with deionized water again, is with 20mL concentration finally 0.3mol/L (NH4)2CO3The aqueous solution elutes chromatograph post, and controls (NH4)2CO3The flow velocity of the aqueous solution is 1.0mL/min, is collected Eluent, that is, complete the concentrating and separating to trace uranium element in fluid sample.
The eluent of collection is analyzed using ICP-MS,238U detected level is 4.51ng, and sample recovery rate is 90.2%.
In summary, presently preferred embodiments of the present invention is these are only, is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Within the spirit and principles of the invention, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc., it should be included in the present invention's Within protection domain.

Claims (7)

1. the extraction of trace uranium element and separation method in a kind of fluid sample, it is characterised in that:The specific steps of methods described It is as follows:
(1) hexane solution of pentyl pentyl phosphate and trioctylphosphine oxide (TOPO) is added in polytetrafluoroethylene powder, then stirred It is complete to n-hexane volatilization, then use HNO3After the aqueous solution I is adjusted to pulpous state, the both ends polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) of wet method dress post and chromatograph post Silk filling, then use HNO3The aqueous solution II elutes the chromatograph post being equipped with;
(2) by fluid sample upper prop, and chromatograph post is eluted with aqueous solution of nitric acid III, then will not less than the water of deionized water with purity Chromatograph post is washed to neutrality, finally uses (NH4)2CO3The aqueous solution elutes chromatograph post, and collects eluent, that is, completes to fluid sample The separation of middle trace uranium element;
Wherein, pentyl pentyl phosphate and the mol ratio of trioctylphosphine oxide (TOPO) are 1:1;HNO3The concentration of the aqueous solution I be 0.1mol/L~ 0.3mol/L, HNO3The concentration of the aqueous solution II is 1.5mol/L~2.5mol/L, the concentration of aqueous solution of nitric acid III for 2mol/L~ 5mol/L;(NH4)2CO3The concentration of the aqueous solution is 0.05mol/L~0.4mol/L.
2. the extraction of trace uranium element and separation method in a kind of fluid sample according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: In hexane solution containing pentyl pentyl phosphate and trioctylphosphine oxide (TOPO), the concentration of pentyl pentyl phosphate for 0.1mol/L~ 0.2mol/L, the concentration of trioctylphosphine oxide (TOPO) is 0.1mol/L~0.2mol/L;1mL is added in every gram of polytetrafluoroethylene powder and contains penta The hexane solution of base phosphoric acid diamyl ester and trioctylphosphine oxide (TOPO).
3. the extraction of trace uranium element and separation method in a kind of fluid sample according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: 0.5mL HNO are added in every gram of polytetrafluoroethylene powder3The aqueous solution I.
4. the extraction of trace uranium element and separation method in a kind of fluid sample according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: HNO3The flow velocity of the aqueous solution II is 1mL/min~2mL/min;HNO3The volume of the aqueous solution II is 3~5 with the volume ratio of chromatograph post: 1。
5. the extraction of trace uranium element and separation method in a kind of fluid sample according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: The flow velocity of fluid sample upper prop is less than 2.5mL/min.
6. the extraction of trace uranium element and separation method in a kind of fluid sample according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: The flow velocity of aqueous solution of nitric acid III is 1.5mL/min~2.5mL/min, and the volume and the volume ratio of chromatograph post of aqueous solution of nitric acid III are 3~6:1.
7. the extraction of trace uranium element and separation method in a kind of fluid sample according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: (NH4)2CO3The flow velocity of the aqueous solution is 1mL/min~2mL/min, (NH4)2CO3The volume of the aqueous solution and the volume ratio of chromatograph post are 3~6:1.
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Cited By (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110261210A (en) * 2019-07-31 2019-09-20 核工业二三O研究所 The alpha energy spectrum method of testing of the method for separating and concentrating of uranium and uranium in sample of sandstone
CN112147081A (en) * 2019-06-28 2020-12-29 中核陕西铀浓缩有限公司 Method for determining B, Si in uranium hexafluoride product

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Cited By (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112147081A (en) * 2019-06-28 2020-12-29 中核陕西铀浓缩有限公司 Method for determining B, Si in uranium hexafluoride product
CN112147081B (en) * 2019-06-28 2024-03-19 中核陕西铀浓缩有限公司 Method for measuring B, si in uranium hexafluoride product
CN110261210A (en) * 2019-07-31 2019-09-20 核工业二三O研究所 The alpha energy spectrum method of testing of the method for separating and concentrating of uranium and uranium in sample of sandstone

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