CN107727371A - Measure astronomical optical fiber transmissivity and the system and measuring method of focal ratio degradation simultaneously - Google Patents
Measure astronomical optical fiber transmissivity and the system and measuring method of focal ratio degradation simultaneously Download PDFInfo
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- CN107727371A CN107727371A CN201710896504.XA CN201710896504A CN107727371A CN 107727371 A CN107727371 A CN 107727371A CN 201710896504 A CN201710896504 A CN 201710896504A CN 107727371 A CN107727371 A CN 107727371A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M11/00—Testing of optical apparatus; Testing structures by optical methods not otherwise provided for
- G01M11/30—Testing of optical devices, constituted by fibre optics or optical waveguides
- G01M11/33—Testing of optical devices, constituted by fibre optics or optical waveguides with a light emitter being disposed at one fibre or waveguide end-face, and a light receiver at the other end-face
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Abstract
The present invention is to provide a kind of while measure astronomical optical fiber transmissivity and the system and measuring method of focal ratio degradation.The present invention in incidence end by adding spectroscope, so as to monitor the fluctuation of incident intensity；Diaphragm is added after directional light, incident coke ratio can be controlled；Spectroscope is added in exit end, by controlling the transmitted light intensity of adjustable diaphragm and not being equal to energy accounting by the transmitted light intensity of diaphragm, outgoing coke ratio can be calculated, experimentation is simple.For the outgoing coke ratio of the transmissivity of measurement optical fiber and optical fiber in real time.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of measurement apparatus of astronomical optical fiber, is specially that one kind measures astronomical optical fiber transmissivity simultaneously
With the system of focal ratio degradation.
Background technology
Current telescope develops towards heavy caliber direction, and bore is bigger, and the cosmic space detected is deeper, observes
Celestial body it is also more.LAMOST(large sky area multi-object fiber spectroscopy
Telescope it is) that effective clear aperture 4m, focal length 20m, 4.47 degree of visual field that China the has been built up reflection of meridian is applied
Close special telescope, telescope use 4000 optical fiber, are that celestial spectrum obtains efficiency highest telescope in the world at present.Optical fiber
The optical transport of 4000 target celestial bodies on telescope focal plane to spectrometer is carried out to the spectrum analysis of celestial body.Optical fiber transmission property
Quality, directly influence the precision of above-mentioned astronomical observation.Weighing the optical fiber biography most important factor of light quality mainly has two：One
Individual is the efficiency of transmission of optical fiber, and another is exactly the focal ratio degradation characteristic of optical fiber.
The method of the measure fibre loss proposed at this stage has three kinds：(1) cutback technique be it is a kind of by decay define into
The method of row measurement, Output optical power is first measured using light power meter；Then optical fiber is cut in the place apart from output end 2-3m
It is disconnected, measure Output optical power；Last the ratio between power output and input power are fibre loss.This method measurement accuracy is high,
But with destructiveness.(2) insertion-loss method is substantially also the process of chopping, is simply of coupled connections head with optical fiber come generation in cut-off part
Replace.This method need not destroy optical fiber, be suitable for onsite application, but measuring accuracy and repeatability are by coupling
The influence of accuracy and repeatability.(3) backscattering method is to utilize optical time domain reflectometer (Optical Time Domain
Reflectometer, abbreviation OTDR) fibre loss is measured, it easily can carry out nondestructive measurement to optical fiber.Mesh
Preceding most of technological means is that fiber transmission attenuation is measured, such as Publication No. CN103616165A patent document
In, there is provided a kind of technical field of optical fiber measurement is based on the optical fibre transmission loss factor measurement apparatus of backscattering method and measurement
Method.Many open source literatures are all that optical fiber own loss is measured, and the present invention will measure the comprehensive damage of astronomical optical fiber
Consumption, referred to as optical fiber transmissivity.
One of an important factor for astronomical optical fiber transmissivity is decision starlight transmission quality quality, therefore astronomical optical fiber is transmitted
The accurate measurement of rate has very important significance.
, it is necessary to measure the luminous power P of optic fibre input end when measuring optical fiber entirety transmissivityinAnd Output optical power, PoutObtain
The transmissivity α of optical fiber.
The focal ratio degradation of optical fiber is to weigh optical fiber critically important light-transfer characteristic in astronomical optical fiber observing.Preferably
In the case of, when not considering the decay of optical fiber, input coke ratio is identical with output coke ratio.Under reality, fiber optic microbend, macrobend
The factors such as the bent, change of core diameter and end face processing are improper, it is likely to cause output coke ratio to diminish, emergent light spot diverging, has
Effect is reduced using energy, veiling glare increase.
The coke ratio of lens is defined as：When a branch of light parallel to primary optical axis is incident to a preferable convex lens, emergent light
Focus is converged at, then the coke ratio F/# of emergent light is the focal length f of lens and the ratio between the clear aperture D of lens.
F/#=f/D (2)
In a fiber, incident coke ratio is convergent lens to fiber end face distance L1With through lens clear aperture D1The ratio between, outgoing
Coke ratio is the distance L of optical fiber end and receiving plane2With spot diameter D on receiving plane2The ratio between.
F/#in=L1/D1 (3)
F/#out=L2/D2 (4)
In reality measures, the light of fiber exit can be lacked due to the coarse of fiber end face, fibre-optical bending, stress and technique
Falling into causes emergent light subtended angle to be more than incident light subtended angle, and outgoing coke ratio is less than incident coke ratio, and this phenomenon is referred to as optical fiber focal ratio degradation.
The content of the invention
Day is measured while comprehensively can truly reflecting that system passes optical property it is an object of the invention to provide one kind
The system of literary optical fiber transmissivity and focal ratio degradation.The present invention also aims to provide while one kind is based on of the invention to measure day
The measuring method of literary optical fiber transmissivity and the system of focal ratio degradation.
The system of astronomical optical fiber transmissivity and focal ratio degradation is measured while of the invention includes collimated light source, optical fiber transmissivity
Measuring system and coke ratio test system, are specifically configured to：The light that collimated light source 1 is sent by control incident coke ratio diaphragm 2,
After one lens 3, the first spectroscope 6, a part of reflected light enters the second lens 4, then converges at the first detector 5；Another portion
Point transmitted light enters the tested optical fiber 8 being placed on the first five times regualting frame 7 and the second five times regualting frame 9, goes out in tested optical fiber 8
Penetrate end and place the second spectroscope 10, the light by the reflection of the second spectroscope 10 is assembled by the 5th lens 15 enters the 3rd detector
16；Light by the transmission of the second spectroscope 10 enters by the control outgoing coke ratio of adjustable diaphragm 11 by the light of adjustable diaphragm 11
4th lens 12 converge at the second detector 14, and the first to the 3rd detector passes through the readout power number of data processing unit 17.
The measuring method that astronomical optical fiber transmissivity and the system of focal ratio degradation are measured while based on the present invention is：
The fluctuation of the real-time monitored incident intensity of first spectroscope 6, first spectroscopical splitting ratio are K1,I1For the first light splitting
The reflective light intensity of mirror 6.According to formula Iin=K1·I1, calculate the light intensity I into tested optical fiberin；In tested optical fiber exit end
The splitting ratio of the second spectroscope 10 below is K2, the light by the transmission of the second spectroscope 10 is assembled by the 4th lens 12 to be entered
Second detector 14, record light intensity are I2, when being not added with adjustable diaphragm 11, the reflected light of the second spectroscope 10 is I3, transmitted light is
I2, pass through formula I2=K2·I3, calculate tested optical fiber exit end total light intensity Iout, Iout=I2+I3=K2·I3+I3, then it is tested
Optical fiber transmissivity:
α=Iout/Iin=I3(K2+1)/I1K1；
In outgoing coke ratio measurement, spot size, record identifier receiver position, continuous several times record are recorded by receiver
Afterwards, spot size and the fitting of receiver position linearity are obtained into outgoing coke ratio, gone out according to definition outgoing coke ratio by tested optical fiber
The ratio for penetrating spot diameter in the distance and receiving plane at end and receiving plane is obtained, and tested optical fiber exit end is obtained with connecing by measuring
The distance L in receipts face2With spot diameter D on receiving plane, according to formula F/#out=L2/D2, calculate outgoing coke ratio.
It is emitted in coke ratio measurement, the light by the transmission of the second spectroscope 10 controls outgoing coke ratio by adjustable diaphragm 11, goes out
Penetrate the second spectroscope 10 of end and be used for compensating the fluctuation of light intensity, the second detector 14, the real-time monitored two-beam of the 3rd detector 16
Light intensity, when being not added with adjustable diaphragm 11, determine the ratio between transmitted light and reflected light light intensity K2, energy accounting value EE is set, along transmission
Light optical axis direction places adjustable diaphragm 11, and the pore size of control adjustable diaphragm 11 makes diaphragm transmitted light intensity I4Can with not adding before
Dim the transmitted light intensity I of door screen2The ratio between for setting energy accounting, mobile adjustable diaphragm position, control the aperture of the diaphragm again, make
Penetrate light and meet I4=I2EE=K2·I3EE, stop position and diaphragm diameter are subjected to linear fit, the slope of fitting a straight line
As it is emitted coke ratio.
Electronic diaphragm can be utilized to control and read diaphragm diameter, can control and read diaphragm phase with electricity driving displacement platform
Distance away from lens.
Astronomical optical fiber transmissivity and the system of focal ratio degradation can be measured simultaneously the invention provides a kind of.The system is being tested
During the transmission loss of astronomical optical fiber, it comprehensively can truly reflect that system passes optical property.
Measure astronomical optical fiber transmissivity and the system of focal ratio degradation, including three parts while of the invention, collimated light source,
Optical fiber transmissivity measurement system, coke ratio test system.Collimated light source produces a branch of directional light, as testing light source.
Laser is selected as light source, it is saturating by another behind by control of the adjustable diaphragm realization to incident coke ratio
Mirror, assemble incident light.
Optical fiber transmissivity measurement system and focal ratio degradation measuring system basic module are：Spectroscope, adjustable diaphragm, displacement
Platform, lens, detector.
According to the difference of measurement request, adjustable diaphragm is added in laser bundle-enlarging collimation system, for controlling incident coke ratio, thoroughly
Mirror is used for forming focused light spot.
When measuring optical fiber transmissivity, in optical fiber incidence end by adding spectroscope, next real-time monitoring calculation goes out optical fiber and entered
The performance number penetrated, realize that light source fluctuation compensates.
Coke ratio test system is emitted, when being not added with adjustable diaphragm, measures the light intensity of spectroscope transmitted light and the light intensity of reflected light,
The ratio of two light intensity is obtained, this ratio is only relevant with spectroscopical beam intensity ratio, unrelated with output intensity.Set an energy
Accounting (Encircled Energy, using light spot energy barycenter as the center of circle, hot spot is accounted for the energy included in the circle of certain radius
The ratio of gross energy.Such as round self-energy accounts for hot spot gross energy 90%, is designated as EE90).Tunable optical is added behind fiber exit end
Door screen, by adjusting the aperture of adjustable diaphragm, its transmitted light intensity is reached the energy accounting determined before with output intensity, measure light
The ratio between door screen and the distance at fiber exit end and the aperture of the diaphragm, are as emitted coke ratio.
Coke ratio test system is emitted, CCD is placed behind fiber exit end, moves a certain distance every time, is recorded by CCD
Corresponding spot size, by CCD coordinates and spot size linear fit, slope is outgoing coke ratio.
Coke ratio test system is emitted, distance and receiving panel spot diameter between direct measurement exit end and receiving panel,
Ratio between two, as it is emitted coke ratio.
The present invention is used for the outgoing coke ratio of the transmissivity of measurement optical fiber and optical fiber in real time, is measuring the transmission of astronomical optical fiber
During rate, respectively by two spectroscopes, two dichroic mirror light light intensity are directly read by detector, optical fiber is obtained indirectly and enters
Light intensity and fiber exit light intensity are penetrated, the ratio between output intensity and incident intensity are optical fiber transmissivity.It is burnt in the outgoing of measurement optical fiber
Than when, can pass through receiver record spot size, record identifier receiver position, continuous several times record after, by spot size with connecing
Receive the fitting of device position linearity and obtain outgoing coke ratio.Can also direct measurement obtain outgoing coke ratio, outgoing coke ratio is goes out by optical fiber
Penetrate the ratio of spot diameter in the distance and receiver at end and receiver.We can also quickly measure outgoing Jiao according to energy method
Than it is K to measure the ratio between the transmitted light for when not adding diaphragm 11, determining spectroscope 10 and reflected light light intensity first2, then add
Diaphragm 14, ensureing diaphragm transmitted light intensity with not being profit under conditions of setting energy accounting by the ratio between transmitted light intensity of diaphragm
With the size of its diaphragm control transmitted light beam, diaphragm transmitted light intensity is set to meet I4=I2EE=K2·I3EE, record aperture
Footpath size and corresponding diaphragm and lens distance, linear fit, obtain the outgoing coke ratio of optical fiber.
The present invention in incidence end by adding spectroscope, so as to monitor the fluctuation of incident intensity；Added after directional light
Diaphragm, incident coke ratio can be controlled；Spectroscope is added in exit end, by controlling the transmitted light intensity of adjustable diaphragm and not passing through light
The transmitted light intensity of door screen is equal to energy accounting, can calculate outgoing coke ratio, experimentation is simple.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is present system light path schematic diagram.
Embodiment
Illustrate below and the present invention is described in more detail.
Light source chooses the preferable laser of coherence, ensures that light path is assembled along optical axis direction beam-expanding collimation during regulation, swashs
Light is by diaphragm 2, and diaphragm 2 is used for limiting incident coke ratio, and laser passes through spectroscope 6 by lens 3, and a part of reflected light enters saturating
Mirror 4, then converge at detector 5；A part of transmitted light enters the astronomical optical fiber being placed on five times regualting frame.In fiber exit
Spectroscope 10 is nearby placed at end, is assembled by the laser that spectroscope 10 reflects by lens 15 and is entered detector 16；Through undue
The laser that light microscopic 10 transmits passes through diaphragm 11, and diaphragm 11 is used for controlling outgoing coke ratio, enters the meeting of lens 12 by the light of diaphragm 11
Gather and pass through computer end readout power number in 14,3 detectors of detector.
Further we illustrate that transmissivity and outgoing coke ratio calculate by word, formula.Nearby put in optical fiber front end
Spectroscope 6 is put, for the fluctuation of real-time monitored incident intensity.Spectroscopical splitting ratio for transmission with reflection the ratio between, I1For light splitting
The reflective light intensity of mirror 6.According to formula Iin=K1·I1, calculate the light intensity I into optical fiberin.Placed behind fiber exit end
Spectroscope 10, assembled by the light that spectroscope 10 transmits by lens 12 and enter detector 14, record light intensity is I2, it is being not added with light
During door screen 11, the reflected light of spectroscope 10 is I3, transmitted light I2, pass through formula I2=K2·I3, calculate the total light in fiber exit end
Strong Iout, Iout=I2+I3=K2·I3+I3, then astronomical optical fiber transmissivity:
α=Iout/Iin=I3(K2+1)/I1K1。
In outgoing coke ratio measurement, spot size, record identifier receiver position, continuous several times note can be recorded by receiver
After record, spot size and the fitting of receiver position linearity are obtained into outgoing coke ratio.Optical fiber can be passed through according to definition outgoing coke ratio
The ratio of spot diameter obtains in the distance and receiving plane of exit end and receiving plane.We by measure obtain fiber exit end with
The distance L of receiving plane2With spot diameter D on receiving plane, according to formula F/#out=L2/D2, calculate outgoing coke ratio.
It is emitted in coke ratio measurement, we can also quickly measure outgoing coke ratio according to energy method, be transmitted by spectroscope 10
Light outgoing coke ratio is controlled by adjustable diaphragm 11, exit end spectroscope 10 is used for compensating the fluctuation of light intensity, and we place detection
The light intensity of device 14,16 real-time monitored two-beams.When being not added with diaphragm 11, the ratio between transmitted light and reflected light light intensity K are determined2, setting
Energy accounting value EE (such as 90%, i.e. EE90), diaphragm 11 is placed along transmitted light optical axis direction, the pore size of control diaphragm 11 makes
Diaphragm transmitted light intensity I4Transmitted light intensity I with not adding diaphragm before2The ratio between for setting energy accounting, mobile stop position, again
The aperture of the diaphragm is controlled, transmitted light is met I4=I2EE=K2·I3·EE.Stop position and diaphragm diameter are subjected to Linear Quasi
Close, the slope of fitting a straight line is to be emitted coke ratio.Electronic diaphragm can be utilized to control and read diaphragm diameter, electronic position can be used
Move platform courses and read distance of the diaphragm at a distance of lens.
Claims (3)
1. it is a kind of while measure astronomical optical fiber transmissivity and the system of focal ratio degradation, including collimated light source, optical fiber transmissivity measurement
System and coke ratio test system, it is characterized in that being specifically configured to：The light that collimated light source (1) is sent is by controlling the light of incident coke ratio
After late (2), the first lens (3), the first spectroscope (6), a part of reflected light enters the second lens (4), then converges at first
Detector (5)；Another part transmitted light enters the quilt being placed on the first five times regualting frame (7) and the second five times regualting frame (9)
Light-metering fibre (8), the second spectroscope (10) is placed in tested optical fiber (8) exit end, the light reflected by the second spectroscope (10) leads to
Cross the 5th lens (15) and assemble and enter the 3rd detector (16)；The light transmitted by the second spectroscope (10) passes through adjustable diaphragm
(11) control outgoing coke ratio, the second detector (14) is converged at by the light of adjustable diaphragm (11) into the 4th lens (12), the
One to the 3rd detector passes through data processing unit (17) readout power number.
2. it is a kind of based on described in claim 1 while measure the measurement side of astronomical optical fiber transmissivity and the system of focal ratio degradation
Method, it is characterized in that：
The fluctuation of the first spectroscope (6) real-time monitored incident intensity, first spectroscopical splitting ratio are K1,I1For the first spectroscope
(6) reflective light intensity.According to formula Iin=K1·I1, calculate the light intensity I into tested optical fiberin；In tested optical fiber exit end
The splitting ratio of the second spectroscope (10) below is K2, by the second spectroscope (10) transmit light pass through the 4th lens (12) meeting
Poly- to enter the second detector (14), record light intensity is I2, when being not added with adjustable diaphragm (11), the reflected light of the second spectroscope (10)
For I3, transmitted light I2, pass through formula I2=K2·I3, calculate tested optical fiber exit end total light intensity Iout, Iout=I2+I3=
K2·I3+I3, then tested optical fiber transmissivity:
α=Iout/Iin=I3(K2+1)/I1K1；
In outgoing coke ratio measurement, spot size is recorded by receiver, record identifier receiver position, will after continuous several times record
Outgoing coke ratio is obtained in the fitting of spot size and receiver position linearity, according to definition outgoing coke ratio by tested optical fiber exit end with
The ratio of spot diameter is obtained in the distance and receiving plane of receiving plane, and tested optical fiber exit end and receiving plane are obtained by measuring
Distance L2With spot diameter D on receiving plane, according to formula F/#out=L2/D2, calculate outgoing coke ratio.
It is 3. according to claim 2 based on the measurement side for measuring astronomical optical fiber transmissivity and the system of focal ratio degradation simultaneously
Method, it is characterized in that：It is emitted in coke ratio measurement, the light by the second spectroscope (10) transmission is controlled by adjustable diaphragm (11) to be emitted
Coke ratio, the spectroscope of exit end second (10) are used for compensating the fluctuation of light intensity, and the second detector (14), the 3rd detector (16) are real-time
The light intensity of two-beam is observed, when being not added with adjustable diaphragm (11), determines the ratio between transmitted light and reflected light light intensity K2, set energy and account for
Ratio EE, adjustable diaphragm (11) is placed along transmitted light optical axis direction, the pore size of control adjustable diaphragm (11) transmits diaphragm
Light intensity I4Transmitted light intensity I with not adding adjustable diaphragm before2The ratio between for setting energy accounting, mobile adjustable diaphragm position, again
The aperture of the diaphragm is controlled, transmitted light is met I4=I2EE=K2·I3EE, stop position and diaphragm diameter are subjected to Linear Quasi
Close, the slope of fitting a straight line is to be emitted coke ratio.
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| CN201710896504.XA CN107727371A (en) | 2017-09-28 | 2017-09-28 | Measure astronomical optical fiber transmissivity and the system and measuring method of focal ratio degradation simultaneously |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109141824A (en) * | 2018-08-20 | 2019-01-04 | 中国科学院云南天文台 | It is a kind of for integrating the integrated detection device and detection method of visual field fiber spectrometer optical fiber property |
| CN109798847A (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2019-05-24 | 中国科学院国家天文台南京天文光学技术研究所 | The measuring device and its test method of the measuring beam angle of divergence and the laser-quality factor |
| CN110261065A (en) * | 2019-06-26 | 2019-09-20 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | A kind of astronomy optical fiber transmission property automatic measurement system |
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| CN105784336A (en) * | 2016-04-26 | 2016-07-20 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Fiber device transmission and reflection performance test device and method |
| CN106918445A (en) * | 2017-05-03 | 2017-07-04 | 河海大学 | Device based on 4 quadrant detector light-metering fibre focal ratio degradation |
| CN107063634A (en) * | 2017-03-06 | 2017-08-18 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | The system that a kind of utilization energy method quickly measures fiber exit coke ratio |
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| JP2000304656A (en) * | 1999-04-22 | 2000-11-02 | Nikon Corp | Optical characteristic measuring instrument |
| CN103512864A (en) * | 2012-06-25 | 2014-01-15 | 中国科学院微电子研究所 | Optical measuring system for measuring reflectivity and transmissivity of substrate by utilizing parallel light |
| CN105784336A (en) * | 2016-04-26 | 2016-07-20 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Fiber device transmission and reflection performance test device and method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109141824A (en) * | 2018-08-20 | 2019-01-04 | 中国科学院云南天文台 | It is a kind of for integrating the integrated detection device and detection method of visual field fiber spectrometer optical fiber property |
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