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CN107394858B - Transformer area central controller for controlling charging pile based on transformer area load information - Google Patents

Transformer area central controller for controlling charging pile based on transformer area load information Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107394858B
CN107394858B CN201710773833.5A CN201710773833A CN107394858B CN 107394858 B CN107394858 B CN 107394858B CN 201710773833 A CN201710773833 A CN 201710773833A CN 107394858 B CN107394858 B CN 107394858B
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
charging
resistor
capacitor
power
circuit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
CN201710773833.5A
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Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN107394858A (en
Inventor
青志明
敬勇
秦燕
宗伟
王�义
张宏艳
曾义
何蓓
章陈勇
周飞
刘永相
陈春
彭思维
韩涛
喻桂林
周浩
苟欣
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Chongqing Shuangdian Technology Co ltd
State Grid Chongqing Electric Power Co Skill Training Center
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
Original Assignee
Chongqing Shuangdian Technology Co ltd
State Grid Chongqing Electric Power Co Skill Training Center
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
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Priority to CN201710773833.5A priority Critical patent/CN107394858B/en
Publication of CN107394858A publication Critical patent/CN107394858A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN107394858B publication Critical patent/CN107394858B/en
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Classifications

    • H02J7/0027
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/11DC charging controlled by the charging station, e.g. mode 4
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12Electric charging stations
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14Plug-in electric vehicles
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/16Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a transformer area central controller for controlling charging piles based on transformer area load information, which is characterized in that a control unit is communicated with an area electric energy meter through a first communication module and is used for collecting area real-time electricity utilization information, the control unit is used for obtaining the capacity allowance of a transformer in the current area and the number of the charging piles which are allowed to charge simultaneously currently according to the collected area real-time electricity utilization information, the control unit is used for receiving the battery capacity information and the client demand information of the electric automobile uploaded by each charging pile through a second communication module, comprehensively analyzing the number of the charging piles which are allowed to charge simultaneously currently, sending corresponding instruction signals to the charging piles according to a set charging rule on the premise of not exceeding the area transformer capacity allowance, controlling the charging state of the electric automobile, sending related display commands to the charging piles, and controlling the charging piles to display corresponding information. The balance of the transformer capacity of each district is utilized to charge the electric automobile.

Description

Transformer area central controller for controlling charging pile based on transformer area load information
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of electric automobile charging, in particular to a transformer area central controller for controlling charging piles based on transformer area load information.
Background
With the rapid development of the automobile industry, the external dependence of the petroleum consumption in China is continuously increased, the petroleum shortage situation is increasingly aggravated in 2013 with 58.1 percent. The development of the electric automobile has great significance to China, on one hand, the electric energy substitution can be improved, the energy consumption of the unit GDP can be effectively reduced, on the other hand, the environmental constraint can be effectively broken, and the problems of air pollution such as haze and the like can be solved.
However, the popularization of electric vehicles requires a corresponding infrastructure, in particular charging stations, and the powerful construction of the charging piles is only possible.
The charging pile is divided into a direct current charging pile and an alternating current charging pile. The function of the electric automobile charging station is similar to that of an oiling machine in a gas station, the electric automobile charging station can be fixed on the ground or a wall, is installed in public buildings (public buildings, malls, public parking lots and the like) and residential area parking lots or charging stations, and can charge various types of electric automobiles according to different voltage levels. The input end of the charging pile is directly connected with an alternating current power grid, and the output end of the charging pile is provided with a charging plug for charging the electric automobile. The charging pile generally provides two charging modes of conventional charging and quick charging, people can use a specific charging card to swipe the card on a man-machine interaction operation interface provided by the charging pile for corresponding charging mode, charging time, charge data printing and other operations, and a charging pile display screen can display data of charging quantity, charge, charging time and the like.
The advantage of using the direct current to charge the pile is: the charging is fast; the defects are that: impact on a power system is large, construction cost is high, and a battery is damaged due to high-current quick charging. According to the construction planning of the country to the electric automobile charging pile: in 2017, 90 ten thousand charging piles are built nationally, wherein 80 ten thousand personal piles are alternating current piles, and the number of the charging piles reaches 480 ten thousand by 2020, wherein about 90% of the charging piles are alternating current charging piles.
The current constructed alternating current charging station mainly adopts a centralized charging service providing mode, and a special matched transformer is used for providing electric energy for a charging pile in the alternating current charging station. The electric vehicles are increasingly popular, the holding capacity of the electric vehicles is continuously increased, and the charging requirements of the electric vehicles are also gradually huge. Then it is sufficient to build a few or a dozen charging piles in no more than one ac charging station when this type of ac charging station is set up. An alternating current charging station with tens of charging piles is more suitable for scientific construction planning, and is also a development trend of the construction scale of the alternating current charging station of the type in the future. The number of the charging piles is too large, so that the capacity design of the transformer matched with the alternating-current charging station is larger and larger, the volume of the transformer is increased continuously, and the occupied land area of one alternating-current charging station is larger. As the amount of electric vehicles kept is continuously increased, the number of ac charging stations must be continuously increased, more and larger transformers will be installed, and more land resources will be occupied, which is a huge cost. It is not acceptable to design and manufacture transformers with larger capacity and huge volume continuously, and occupy more land resources.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the corresponding defects of the prior art, the invention provides the central controller for the transformer area, which controls the charging pile based on the transformer area load information, and uses the allowance of the transformer capacity of each district transformer area to charge the electric automobile, so that the invention can provide charging service for the electric automobile without increasing the capacity of the original transformer, without purchasing a large-capacity transformer, thereby reducing the occupation of land resources, greatly saving the cost of purchasing the transformer and land resources and reducing the construction cost expense of the alternating-current charging station.
In general, residential electricity consumption does not generate a situation that all families are fully loaded and electricity is simultaneously consumed, and the capacity design of the transformer in the transformer area is designed according to the maximum total amount of residential electricity in the area after the demand coefficient and the simultaneous coefficient are considered, so that a certain margin exists in the capacity of the transformer in the transformer area generally. The charging pile can utilize the allowance of the transformer capacity of each district transformer to charge the service for the electric automobile.
The invention is realized by adopting the following scheme: the system comprises a control unit, a second communication module, a first communication module and a power supply unit, wherein the power supply unit is used for supplying power to a central controller of the whole area, the control unit is electrically connected with the first communication module, is in communication with a power consumption information acquisition system or 485 ports of an electric energy meter of the area through the first communication module and is used for acquiring real-time power consumption information of the area, the control unit is used for acquiring capacity allowance of a transformer of the area of the current area according to the acquired real-time power consumption information of the area, the control unit is used for acquiring the quantity of charging piles which are currently allowed to simultaneously perform charging operation according to the capacity allowance of the transformer of the area of the current area, the control unit is electrically connected with the second communication module and is in communication with each charging pile through the second communication module, the control unit is used for receiving battery capacity information and customer demand information of the electric automobile uploaded by each charging pile through the second communication module, comprehensively analyzing the quantity of the charging piles which are currently allowed to simultaneously perform charging operation, and giving corresponding instruction signals to the charging piles according to set charging rules on the premise of not exceeding the capacity allowance of the transformer of the area, controlling the charging state of the electric automobile, and the control unit is used for displaying the current quantity of the charging piles and the corresponding quantity of the charging piles. The client demand information includes charging mode information selected by the client and active stop charging instruction information. The premise of not exceeding the capacity allowance of the transformer in the area is that the central controller in the area can only send N charging instructions at most, N is the number of charging piles which allow charging work to be carried out simultaneously at present, namely the central controller in the area can only control N electric vehicles to be charged simultaneously at most, and in particular, the method for selecting the electric vehicles to charge is determined according to the charging mode selected by a customer and the charging rule set by the active stopping charging instructions in a matching mode. And the central controller of the platform area decides the current charging price of the emergency charging mode and the charging price of the intelligent charging mode according to the designed price decision, sends out relevant display information to order the charging pile, controls a display in the charging pile to display the charging price, and carries out pricing according to the price. The central controller of the platform area is provided with a shell, the control unit, the second communication module, the first communication module, the power supply unit and the like are arranged in the shell, an interface used for being connected with a power line and an interface connected with a 485 port of the electric energy meter of the platform area are arranged on the shell, and the display screen is arranged on the shell.
The power supply unit comprises a first power supply conversion circuit, a second power supply conversion circuit and a third power supply conversion circuit, wherein the first power supply conversion circuit is used for converting 220V alternating current power supply into 24V direct current power supply, the second power supply conversion circuit is used for converting 24V direct current power supply into 5V direct current power supply, and the third power supply conversion circuit is used for converting 5V direct current power supply into 3.3V direct current power supply.
The first communication module may be a 485 communication module, or may be a carrier communication module. The information collected by the electricity consumption information collection system can be uploaded to the central controller of the platform area through 485 communication or carrier communication.
Preferably, the control unit of the central controller of the platform area is an MCU module. The second communication module may be a wired communication module or a wireless communication module, and preferably, the second communication module is a carrier communication module, and the carrier communication module is connected with a power line.
And the second communication module adopts a power line carrier communication chip. Preferably, the second communication module includes a power line carrier communication chip U1 with a model LM1893 and a transformer T1, a primary coil of the transformer T1 is connected to a power line through a first capacitor C1, one end of a secondary coil of the transformer T1 is connected to one end of a second capacitor C2, one end of a third capacitor C3 and a voltage VCC, the other end of the third capacitor C3 is grounded, the other end of the second capacitor C2 is connected to the other end of the secondary coil of the transformer T1 and a first resistor R1, the other end of the first resistor R1 is connected to a negative electrode of a voltage regulator VD, a collector of a first triode Q1 and a 10 th pin of the power line carrier communication chip U1, an emitter of the first triode Q1 is connected to one end of the second resistor R2, one end of the third resistor R3 and an 8 th pin of the power line carrier communication chip U1, the other end of the third resistor R3 is grounded, the other end of the second resistor R2 is connected with the base electrode of the first triode Q1 and the 9 th pin of the power line carrier communication chip U1, the 1 st pin of the power line carrier communication chip U1 is connected with the 2 nd pin of the power line carrier communication chip U1 through a fourth capacitor C4, the 3 rd pin of the power line carrier communication chip U1 is connected with the 4 th pin of the power line carrier communication chip U1 through a sixth capacitor C6 and an eighth resistor R8 which are connected in series, the 5 th pin of the power line carrier communication chip U1 is grounded, the 6 th pin of the power line carrier communication chip U1 is grounded through a seventh capacitor C7, the 7 th pin of the power line carrier communication chip U1 is grounded through a fourth resistor R4, the 11 th pin of the power line carrier communication chip U1 is respectively connected with one end of the sixth resistor R6 and the base electrode of the second triode Q2, the other end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected with voltage VCC, the collector electrode of the second triode Q2 is connected with voltage VCC, the emitter of the second triode Q2 is connected with the 12 th pin of the power line carrier communication chip U1 through a seventh resistor R7, the 12 th pin and the 17 th pin of the power line carrier communication chip U1 are respectively connected with the control unit, the 13 th pin of the power line carrier communication chip U1 is grounded through an eighth resistor R8, the 14 th pin of the power line carrier communication chip U1 is grounded, the 15 th pin of the power line carrier communication chip U1 is connected with the voltage VCC, the 16 th pin of the power line carrier communication chip U1 is grounded through a fifth capacitor C5, and the 18 th pin of the power line carrier communication chip U1 is grounded through a 5 th resistor R5 and a potentiometer RP which are connected in series.
Of course, the second communication module may also adopt the following structure: the second communication module comprises a carrier chip (carrier chip with the model of PLCI 36-III-E) and a carrier coupling circuit, wherein the carrier chip is electrically connected with the control unit, the carrier coupling circuit is electrically connected with the power line, a signal sending circuit and a signal receiving circuit are arranged between the carrier coupling circuit and the carrier chip, the input end of the signal sending circuit is connected with the carrier chip, the output end of the signal sending circuit is connected with the carrier coupling circuit, the input end of the signal receiving circuit is connected with the carrier coupling circuit, and the output end of the signal receiving circuit is connected with the carrier chip. The signal transmitting circuit comprises a signal power amplifying circuit and an output power control circuit, the signal power amplifying circuit comprises a frequency selecting circuit composed of a fourth capacitor C4 and a first inductor L1, a first field effect tube Q1 and a second field effect tube Q2, the input end of the frequency selecting circuit is connected with a carrier coupling circuit, the output end of the frequency selecting circuit is connected with the drain electrode of the first field effect tube Q1 through a third resistor R3, the source electrode of the first field effect tube Q1 is connected with a reference ground VSS, the output end of the frequency selecting circuit is connected with the drain electrode of the second field effect tube Q2 through a second resistor R2, the source electrode of the second field effect tube Q2 is connected with one end of the fourth resistor R4, the cathode of the first diode D1 and one end of the output power control circuit, the other end of the fourth resistor R4, the anode of the first diode D1 and the grid electrode of the second field effect tube Q2 and one end of a fifth capacitor C5, the other end of the fifth capacitor C5 is respectively connected with the grid electrode of the first field effect tube Q1 and one end of a fifth resistor R5, the other end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected with a carrier chip, the output power control circuit comprises a triode Q3, an emitter of the triode Q3 is connected with power supply voltage, a collector of the triode Q3 is respectively connected with the positive electrode of a seventh capacitor C7, one end of a sixth capacitor C6, one end of a sixth resistor R6 and a signal power amplifying circuit, a negative electrode of the seventh capacitor C7, the other end of the sixth capacitor C6 and the other end of the sixth resistor R6 are connected with a reference ground VSS, a base of the triode Q3 is respectively connected with one end of the seventh resistor R7 and one end of an eighth resistor R8, the other end of the eighth resistor R8 is connected with the power supply voltage, and the other end of the seventh resistor R7 is connected with the reference ground VSS. The signal receiving circuit comprises a signal filtering circuit and a demodulation circuit, the signal filtering circuit comprises a band-pass passive filter formed by a second inductor L2, an eighth capacitor C8, a third inductor L3 and a ninth capacitor C9, a ninth resistor R9, a second diode D2 and a third diode D3, one end of the ninth resistor R9 is connected with a carrier coupling circuit, the other end of the ninth resistor R9 is connected with one end of the second inductor L2, the other end of the second inductor L2 is connected with one end of the eighth capacitor C8, the other end of the eighth capacitor C8 is respectively connected with one end of the third inductor L3, one end of the ninth capacitor C9, the positive electrode of the second diode D2, the negative electrode of the third diode D3 and the demodulation circuit, the other end of the third inductor L3, the other end of the ninth capacitor C9, the negative electrode of the second diode D2 and the positive electrode of the third diode D3 are grounded, the demodulation circuit comprises a low-power-consumption narrow-band analog front end with the model number of AFE3361, a 16 th pin of the low-power-consumption narrow-band analog front end with the model number of AFE3361 is connected with the signal filtering circuit through a sixteenth capacitor C16, a 1 st pin of the low-power-consumption narrow-band analog front end with the model number of AFE3361 is connected with one end of a seventeenth capacitor C17, the other end of the seventeenth capacitor C17 is connected with one end of a fourth inductor L4, one end of an eighteenth capacitor and one end of a fifteenth resistor respectively, the other end of the fourth inductor L4 and the other end of the eighteenth capacitor are grounded, and the other end of the fifteenth resistor is connected with a carrier chip.
The central controller of the platform area is also provided with a display unit, and the display unit is electrically connected with the control unit of the central controller of the platform area. The central controller of the platform area can be provided with an instruction input unit according to the requirement, and the instruction input unit is electrically connected with the control unit. The display unit, the instruction input unit may be provided for setting, displaying various modes of charge fee prices, and the like as needed. Preferably, the instruction input unit and the display unit adopt LCD touch screens. The control unit is an MCU module or a singlechip.
The central controller of the platform area is also provided with a third communication module, and the control unit of the central controller of the platform area communicates with the power utilization control center through the third communication module. The third communication module adopts a wifi communication module.
When the battery of the electric automobile is full or the customer selects to actively stop charging, the charging pile controls the charging connector to be powered off, and the active stop charging instruction information operated by the customer is uploaded to the central controller of the platform area.
The charging pile is provided with a control unit, a first communication module, a power supply unit, an electric vehicle charging control circuit, an electric vehicle battery electric quantity acquisition circuit, an instruction input unit and a display unit, wherein the power supply unit is used for supplying power to the control unit, the first communication module, the electric vehicle charging control circuit, the electric vehicle battery electric quantity acquisition circuit, the instruction input unit and the display unit; the control unit is respectively and electrically connected with the first communication module, the electric automobile battery electric quantity acquisition circuit, the electric automobile charging control circuit, the instruction input unit and the display unit; the electric automobile battery electric quantity acquisition circuit is used for acquiring electric automobile battery electric quantity and transmitting the electric automobile battery electric quantity to the control unit; the instruction input unit is used for collecting client demand information and transmitting the client demand information to the control unit; the control unit uploads electric automobile battery power information and customer demand information to the central controller of the platform area through the first communication module and receives instruction signals and display commands issued by the central controller of the platform area; the control unit is used for receiving the instruction signal issued by the central controller of the platform area, outputting a control signal to the charging control circuit of the electric automobile, controlling the power on or power off of the charging connector and controlling the charging state of the electric automobile, and the control unit is used for receiving the display command issued by the central controller of the platform area and controlling the display unit to display corresponding information. Preferably, the instruction input unit and the display unit adopt touch screens. The first communication module may be a wired communication module or a wireless communication module, and preferably, the first communication module is a carrier communication module, and the carrier communication module is connected with a power line. The electric automobile battery electric quantity acquisition circuit can adopt the electric quantity acquisition device with the existing charging pile. The control unit is an MCU module. The charging connector is connected with alternating current through a contactor. One end of a contact of the contactor is connected with the charging connector, the other end of the contact of the contactor is connected with the power line, and the power on or power off of a coil of the contactor is controlled by a relay, and the relay is controlled by an MCU module. The MCU module drives the relay through ULN2803 LW.
When the charging pile receives a charging instruction issued by the central controller of the platform area, the charging connector is electrified and begins to charge, and when the charging pile receives a charging stopping instruction issued by the central controller of the platform area, the charging connector is powered off and stops charging, the charging pile is used for uploading a charge settlement signal to the central controller of the platform area, and the central controller of the platform area receives the charge settlement signal and then performs charge settlement processing.
The charging pile charging price adopts a floating price, and two charging prices are designed on the basis, namely a sudden charging mode charging price and an intelligent charging mode charging price, wherein the sudden charging mode charging price is higher than the intelligent charging mode charging price.
The power supply network corresponds to peak valley period, and the electricity prices of different periods are high or low. Therefore, when the charging price of the charging pile is designed, the charging price of the charging pile in the emergency charging mode and the charging price of the intelligent charging mode are also continuously changed by referring to the electricity price of the power supply network in the peak valley period as a basis. The method aims at shifting peaks and filling valleys by using price factors, reducing the load of a power grid and keeping power supply stable. The charging price of the sudden charging mode is increased on the basis of the floating price, and the charging price of the corresponding intelligent charging mode is higher. This is to meet the customer's demand for charging electric vehicles in particular, but at the same time, the price is raised because the charging power resources are preferentially occupied. Besides meeting the urgent needs of customers, people are encouraged to use the intelligent charging mode to evenly distribute charging power resources as much as possible.
The intelligent charging mode charging price is increased on the basis of the floating price, and the intelligent charging mode charging price is lower. The intelligent charging mode can distribute charging power resources relatively evenly, and because the charging power resources do not have priority, the charging time of the electric automobile is longer than that of the emergency charging mode, and therefore the charging price is lower than that of the emergency charging mode. Meanwhile, customers without urgent charging demands are encouraged to use the intelligent charging mode to charge as much as possible by price factors.
The invention has the advantages that: because the central controller of the transformer area based on the transformer area load information controls the charging piles to communicate with the power consumption information acquisition system, the central controller is used for acquiring the real-time power consumption information of the transformer area and analyzing the acquired real-time power consumption information of the transformer area to obtain the capacity allowance of the transformer area of the current area, and the central controller of the transformer area is used for calculating the number of the charging piles which are allowed to simultaneously charge according to the capacity allowance of the transformer area of the current area. The central controller of the platform area receives the battery electric quantity information of the electric automobile and the charging mode information selected by the customer and uploaded by each charging pile, performs comprehensive analysis on the battery electric quantity information and the calculated number of the charging piles which are allowed to simultaneously perform charging work, and sends corresponding instruction signals to the charging piles according to a set charging rule on the premise of not exceeding the capacity allowance of the transformer of the platform area, wherein the charging piles are used for receiving the instruction signals sent by the central controller of the platform area, controlling the power-on or power-off of charging joints of the charging piles and controlling the charging state of the electric automobile. According to the invention, on the premise that the capacity allowance of the transformer in the transformer area is not exceeded, the electric automobile is charged by the capacity allowance of the transformer in the transformer area, so that the transformer special for the alternating-current charging station can be canceled, the occupation of land resources is reduced, the cost of purchasing the transformer and the land resources is greatly saved, and the construction cost and the expenditure of the alternating-current charging station are reduced.
The invention also has two charging mode functions of the sudden-charge mode and the intelligent charging mode, wherein the two functions respectively correspond to two charging prices, namely the sudden-charge mode charging price and the intelligent charging mode charging price. The charging price of the sudden-charge mode is higher than that of the intelligent charging mode, so that the charging price of the sudden-charge mode is higher than that of the intelligent charging mode, and the charging price of the sudden-charge mode is higher than that of the intelligent charging mode because the sudden-charge mode is preferential to occupy the charging power resource. Besides meeting the urgent needs of customers, people are encouraged to use the intelligent charging mode to evenly distribute charging power resources as much as possible. And after the electric power resources are allocated to the charging piles in the emergency charging mode, the central controller of the platform area allocates the residual electric power resources to the charging piles in the intelligent charging mode. The intelligent charging mode can distribute charging power resources relatively evenly, and because the charging power resources do not have priority, the charging time of the electric automobile is longer than that of the emergency charging mode, and therefore the charging price is lower than that of the emergency charging mode. Meanwhile, customers without urgent charging demands are encouraged to use the intelligent charging mode to charge as much as possible by price factors.
And because the power supply network corresponds to the peak valley period, the electricity prices of different periods are high or low. Therefore, when the charging price of the charging pile is designed, the charging price of the charging pile in the emergency charging mode and the charging price of the intelligent charging mode are also continuously changed by referring to the electricity price of the power supply network in the peak valley period. The method aims at shifting peaks and filling valleys by using price factors, reducing the load of a power grid and keeping power supply stable.
According to the invention, the charging state of the battery of the electric vehicle is controlled by comprehensively analyzing the power grid load state obtained by analyzing the power consumption information of the transformer area and the collection of the battery state information of the electric vehicle and combining the user charging mode selection requirement. When electricity consumption is low, the electric automobile is encouraged to sequentially queue to gradually access charging according to the electric quantity of the battery; in the case of peak electricity consumption, unless the user requires quick charging, the user does not need to charge, and the load on the power grid is not increased as much as possible. Therefore, under the condition that the transformer in the transformer area is not increased in capacity, a certain capacity of charging load can be provided for the electric automobile, and two main problems of urgent and urgent needs to be solved in popularization and application of the electric automobile are solved:
1. the electric vehicle is inconvenient to charge, and the resident has difficulty in building a charging pile;
2. the peak-valley difference of the electric automobile charging load unordered access aggravated power grid endangers the power grid safety.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a central controller of a transformer area for controlling charging piles based on transformer area load information according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of a control module of the central controller of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a first embodiment of a circuit diagram of a carrier communication module portion of a central controller of a cell according to the present invention;
Fig. 4 is a second embodiment of a circuit diagram of a carrier communication module portion of a central controller of a cell according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a circuit diagram of a 485 communication module part of the central controller of the station area according to the invention;
FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram of a power supply portion of the central controller of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a circuit diagram of a display portion of the central controller of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic block diagram of a charging stake of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a general frame diagram of the electric vehicle charge control system of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a flowchart of an electric vehicle charging control method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1 to 10, a central controller for controlling charging piles based on transformer area load information comprises a control unit and a power supply unit, wherein the power supply unit is used for supplying power to the whole controller, the control unit is used for sending down instruction signals and display commands to the charging piles and receiving electric automobile battery quantity information and customer demand information uploaded by the charging piles through a second communication module, the control unit is connected with a power utilization information acquisition system or 485 ports of an area electric energy meter through a first communication module and is used for acquiring real-time power utilization information of the area, the control unit is used for analyzing the acquired real-time power utilization information of the area to obtain the capacity allowance of a transformer in the current area, the control unit is used for calculating the quantity of the charging piles which are allowed to perform charging operation at the same time according to the capacity allowance of the transformer in the current area, the control unit is used for receiving the electric automobile battery quantity information and the customer demand information uploaded by each charging pile, comprehensively analyzing the quantity of the charging piles which is allowed to perform charging operation at the same time according to the calculated current power utilization information, and sending out corresponding control signals to the calculated charging piles and the calculated quantity of the charging piles which are allowed to perform charging operation at the same time according to the set corresponding instruction, and the charging piles which are used for displaying the corresponding charge state information such as the charging piles and the current charge quantity. The client demand information includes charging mode information selected by the client and active stop charging instruction information. The premise of not exceeding the capacity allowance of the transformer in the area is that the central controller in the area can only send N charging instructions at most, N is the number of charging piles which allow charging work to be carried out simultaneously at present, namely the central controller in the area can only control N electric vehicles to be charged simultaneously at most, and in particular, the method for selecting the electric vehicles to charge is determined according to the charging mode selected by a customer and the charging rule set by the active stopping charging instructions in a matching mode. And the central controller of the platform area decides the current charging price of the emergency charging mode and the charging price of the intelligent charging mode according to the designed price decision, sends out relevant display information to order the charging pile, controls a display in the charging pile to display the charging price, and carries out pricing according to the price.
The power supply unit comprises a first power supply conversion circuit, a second power supply conversion circuit and a third power supply conversion circuit, wherein the first power supply conversion circuit is used for converting 220V alternating current power supply into 24V direct current power supply, the second power supply conversion circuit is used for converting 24V direct current power supply into 5V direct current power supply, and the third power supply conversion circuit is used for converting 5V direct current power supply into 3.3V direct current power supply.
The first communication module may be a 485 communication module, or may be a carrier communication module. The information collected by the electricity consumption information collection system can be uploaded to the central controller of the platform area through 485 communication or carrier communication. Referring to fig. 5, the 485 communication circuit is connected with the electric energy meter of the transformer area and is used for receiving data penetrating by the electric energy meter of the transformer area, the 5 pins on the drawing J10 correspond to 485A ends on the electric energy meter of the transformer area, the 6 pins correspond to 485B ends on the electric energy meter of the transformer area, and the 2 pins correspond to 485N ends on the electric energy meter of the transformer area.
The second communication module may be a wired communication module or a wireless communication module, and preferably, the second communication module is a carrier communication module, and the carrier communication module is connected with a power line. The carrier communication module of this embodiment adopts a chip with model LM 1893.
In this embodiment, the second communication module adopts a power line carrier communication chip. Preferably, the second communication module includes a power line carrier communication chip U1 with a model LM1893 and a transformer T1, a primary coil of the transformer T1 is connected to a power line through a first capacitor C1, one end of a secondary coil of the transformer T1 is connected to one end of a second capacitor C2, one end of a third capacitor C3 and a voltage VCC, the other end of the third capacitor C3 is grounded, the other end of the second capacitor C2 is connected to the other end of the secondary coil of the transformer T1 and a first resistor R1, the other end of the first resistor R1 is connected to a negative electrode of a voltage regulator VD, a collector of a first triode Q1 and a 10 th pin of the power line carrier communication chip U1, an emitter of the first triode Q1 is connected to one end of the second resistor R2, one end of the third resistor R3 and an 8 th pin of the power line carrier communication chip U1, the other end of the third resistor R3 is grounded, the other end of the second resistor R2 is connected with the base electrode of the first triode Q1 and the 9 th pin of the power line carrier communication chip U1, the 1 st pin of the power line carrier communication chip U1 is connected with the 2 nd pin of the power line carrier communication chip U1 through a fourth capacitor C4, the 3 rd pin of the power line carrier communication chip U1 is connected with the 4 th pin of the power line carrier communication chip U1 through a sixth capacitor C6 and an eighth resistor R8 which are connected in series, the 5 th pin of the power line carrier communication chip U1 is grounded, the 6 th pin of the power line carrier communication chip U1 is grounded through a seventh capacitor C7, the 7 th pin of the power line carrier communication chip U1 is grounded through a fourth resistor R4, the 11 th pin of the power line carrier communication chip U1 is respectively connected with one end of the sixth resistor R6 and the base electrode of the second triode Q2, the other end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected with voltage VCC, the collector electrode of the second triode Q2 is connected with voltage VCC, the emitter of the second triode Q2 is connected with the 12 th pin of the power line carrier communication chip U1 through a seventh resistor R7, the 12 th pin and the 17 th pin of the power line carrier communication chip U1 are respectively connected with the control unit, the 13 th pin of the power line carrier communication chip U1 is grounded through an eighth resistor R8, the 14 th pin of the power line carrier communication chip U1 is grounded, the 15 th pin of the power line carrier communication chip U1 is connected with the voltage VCC, the 16 th pin of the power line carrier communication chip U1 is grounded through a fifth capacitor C5, and the 18 th pin of the power line carrier communication chip U1 is grounded through a 5 th resistor R5 and a potentiometer RP which are connected in series.
The LM1893 has two independent transmitting and receiving parts integrated therein, and the transmitting part has built therein unit circuits such as an FSK modulator, a sine wave generator, a current-mode controlled oscillator, an automatic gain control circuit (ALC), and an output power amplifier. The receiving section includes unit circuits such as a limiting amplifier, a phase-locked loop demodulator, a low-pass filter, a DC clamping circuit, and a noise filter.
When TX/RX is the control pin of sending or receiving, when TX/RX is high level, the circuit is in the transmission mode, and data signal is input from P17 to FSK modulator, forms the triangular wave of switch control current and drive oscillator production + -2.2% frequency offset, outputs the sine wave signal through sine wave shaping circuit, and is transmitted to the power line by coupling coil after power amplification. The ALC (automatic gain control circuit) is to ensure that the output carrier level is kept within a certain level range when the power line load changes.
When TX/RX is low, the circuit is in receiving mode, and the signal on the power line is input through the coupling transformer: and the 10 pins of the LM1893 enter a limiting amplifier to amplify, direct current components in signals and power frequency signals of 50Hz/100Hz are filtered, then a phase-locked loop circuit demodulates and an RC filter circuit filters high frequency components to output data signals, the reliability of the data signals is kept, shaping and noise filter filtering are carried out through a comparator, and finally the complete data signals are output from the 12 pins.
Of course, the second communication module may also adopt the following structure: the second communication module comprises a carrier chip (carrier chip with the model of PLCI 36-III-E) and a carrier coupling circuit, wherein the carrier chip is electrically connected with the control unit, the carrier coupling circuit is electrically connected with the power line, a signal sending circuit and a signal receiving circuit are arranged between the carrier coupling circuit and the carrier chip, the input end of the signal sending circuit is connected with the carrier chip, the output end of the signal sending circuit is connected with the carrier coupling circuit, the input end of the signal receiving circuit is connected with the carrier coupling circuit, and the output end of the signal receiving circuit is connected with the carrier chip. The signal transmitting circuit comprises a signal power amplifying circuit and an output power control circuit, the signal power amplifying circuit comprises a frequency selecting circuit composed of a fourth capacitor C4 and a first inductor L1, a first field effect tube Q1 and a second field effect tube Q2, the input end of the frequency selecting circuit is connected with a carrier coupling circuit, the output end of the frequency selecting circuit is connected with the drain electrode of the first field effect tube Q1 through a third resistor R3, the source electrode of the first field effect tube Q1 is connected with a reference ground VSS, the output end of the frequency selecting circuit is connected with the drain electrode of the second field effect tube Q2 through a second resistor R2, the source electrode of the second field effect tube Q2 is connected with one end of the fourth resistor R4, the cathode of the first diode D1 and one end of the output power control circuit, the other end of the fourth resistor R4, the anode of the first diode D1 and the grid electrode of the second field effect tube Q2 and one end of a fifth capacitor C5, the other end of the fifth capacitor C5 is respectively connected with the grid electrode of the first field effect tube Q1 and one end of a fifth resistor R5, the other end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected with a carrier chip, the output power control circuit comprises a triode Q3, an emitter of the triode Q3 is connected with power supply voltage, a collector of the triode Q3 is respectively connected with the positive electrode of a seventh capacitor C7, one end of a sixth capacitor C6, one end of a sixth resistor R6 and a signal power amplifying circuit, a negative electrode of the seventh capacitor C7, the other end of the sixth capacitor C6 and the other end of the sixth resistor R6 are connected with a reference ground VSS, a base of the triode Q3 is respectively connected with one end of the seventh resistor R7 and one end of an eighth resistor R8, the other end of the eighth resistor R8 is connected with the power supply voltage, and the other end of the seventh resistor R7 is connected with the reference ground VSS. The signal receiving circuit comprises a signal filtering circuit and a demodulation circuit, the signal filtering circuit comprises a band-pass passive filter formed by a second inductor L2, an eighth capacitor C8, a third inductor L3 and a ninth capacitor C9, a ninth resistor R9, a second diode D2 and a third diode D3, one end of the ninth resistor R9 is connected with a carrier coupling circuit, the other end of the ninth resistor R9 is connected with one end of the second inductor L2, the other end of the second inductor L2 is connected with one end of the eighth capacitor C8, the other end of the eighth capacitor C8 is respectively connected with one end of the third inductor L3, one end of the ninth capacitor C9, the positive electrode of the second diode D2, the negative electrode of the third diode D3 and the demodulation circuit, the other end of the third inductor L3, the other end of the ninth capacitor C9, the negative electrode of the second diode D2 and the positive electrode of the third diode D3 are grounded, the demodulation circuit comprises a low-power-consumption narrow-band analog front end with the model number of AFE3361, a 16 th pin of the low-power-consumption narrow-band analog front end with the model number of AFE3361 is connected with the signal filtering circuit through a sixteenth capacitor C16, a 1 st pin of the low-power-consumption narrow-band analog front end with the model number of AFE3361 is connected with one end of a seventeenth capacitor C17, the other end of the seventeenth capacitor C17 is connected with one end of a fourth inductor L4, one end of an eighteenth capacitor and one end of a fifteenth resistor respectively, the other end of the fourth inductor L4 and the other end of the eighteenth capacitor are grounded, and the other end of the fifteenth resistor is connected with a carrier chip.
The central controller of the platform area is also provided with a display unit, and the display unit is electrically connected with the control unit of the central controller of the platform area. The central controller of the platform area can be provided with an instruction input unit according to the requirement, and the instruction input unit is electrically connected with the control unit. The display unit, the instruction input unit may be provided for setting, displaying various modes of charge fee prices, and the like as needed.
Preferably, the display unit adopts an LCD display screen circuit. In fig. 7, the dimming circuit corresponds to the pins 2 (VDD) and 3 (CD), the brightness of the LCD display screen is adjusted according to the potentiometer (R1-10K), the reset circuit corresponds to the pin 17 (RET), the LCD display screen is reset by pressing the key S1, and the pins 7-14 on the display screen are connected with the pins PA0-PA7 on the singlechip to serve as the signal source of the LCD display screen.
The control unit adopts a singlechip with the model of STM32F103C8T 6. The 7 feet (NRST) on the singlechip are connected with a reset circuit for resetting the singlechip, the 3 feet, the 4 feet, the 5 feet and the 6 feet on the singlechip are respectively connected with a crystal oscillator circuit, the crystal oscillator circuit is combined with a circuit inside the singlechip to generate the clock frequency necessary for the singlechip, the execution of all instructions of the singlechip is based on the clock frequency, and the higher the clock frequency provided by the crystal oscillator is, the faster the running speed of the singlechip is. The 45 feet (PB 8-RX) and 46 feet (PB 9-TX) of the singlechip are used for mutually transmitting carrier communication signals and are connected with RX and TX feet in a carrier communication circuit. The 21 feet (PB 10-TX) and 22 feet (PB 11-RX) of the singlechip are used for 485 communication and are connected with RX and TX feet in a 485 communication circuit. 485 communication circuit is used for receiving the information data that the district electric energy meter uploaded. The 30 pins (PA 9-TX) and 31 pins (PA 10-RX) on the singlechip are used for serial communication, and the serial communication is used for debugging a circuit. The 18 feet (PB 0-RX) and 19 feet (PB 1-TX) on the singlechip are used for WiFi communication. And 10 feet-17 feet (PA 0-PA 7) of the singlechip are connected with an LCD display screen.
The central controller of the platform area is also provided with a third communication module, and the control unit of the central controller of the platform area communicates with the power utilization control center through the third communication module. The third communication module adopts a wifi communication module.
The charging rules set in the central controller of the platform area are as follows: allowing a customer to select a sudden charging mode and an intelligent charging mode, setting the charging electricity price of the sudden charging mode to be higher than that of the intelligent charging mode, and distributing the residual power resources to the electric vehicle requesting the intelligent charging mode after distributing the power resources to the electric vehicle requesting the sudden charging mode by the central controller of the platform area; if the customer selects the quick charging mode, on the premise of not exceeding the capacity allowance of the transformer in the transformer area, allowing a sufficient number of charging piles to charge the electric automobile requesting the quick charging mode according to the sequence of receiving the quick charging command until the battery of the electric automobile requesting the quick charging mode is full or the customer actively stops charging; if the customer selects the intelligent charging mode, on the premise of not exceeding the capacity allowance of the transformer in the transformer area, allowing a sufficient number of charging piles to press the electric quantity of the battery of the automobile to charge the electric automobile requesting the intelligent charging mode from low to high, until the electric quantity of the battery of the electric automobile is full or the customer actively stops charging. The boost mode is used for meeting the requirements of customers who are in urgent need of charging the electric automobile.
The central controller of the platform area selects electric vehicles requesting the intelligent charging mode to charge according to the sequence from low battery power to high from the obtained battery power information of the electric vehicles requesting the intelligent charging mode, when a certain battery power position is touched to correspond to a plurality of electric vehicles, if the number of the electric vehicles which are allowed to be buffered currently is greater than or equal to the number of the electric vehicles corresponding to the battery power position, all the electric vehicles corresponding to the battery power position are selected to charge, and if the number of the electric vehicles which are allowed to be buffered currently is less than the number of the electric vehicles corresponding to the battery power position, the electric vehicles with the required number are randomly selected from the electric vehicles corresponding to the battery power position to charge.
For example: assuming that the capacity allowance of the transformer in the current transformer area allows 12 charging piles to be charged, 17 electric automobiles need to be charged. Wherein 2 electric vehicles needing charging urgently select a sudden charging mode. Then the rest 15 electric automobiles can only be buffered for ten. Of the 15 electric vehicles, 5 electric vehicles with 15%, 20% and 25% of electric power remain. According to the rule of intelligent charging mode, the number of 5 electric vehicles with 15% of electric quantity is smaller than 10 alternating-current charging piles allowing the buffering, and all 5 electric vehicles can be charged. The number of the 5 electric vehicles with 20% of electric quantity is equal to the number of the 5 alternating current charging piles with the allowable slow charging, and all the 5 electric vehicles can be charged. 5 electric automobiles with 25% of electricity left. Assuming that after a period of charging, all 10 electric vehicles charge 5% of the electric quantity. At this time, there are 5 electric vehicles with 20% of electric quantity left, and 10 electric vehicles with 25% of electric quantity left. According to the rule of intelligent charging mode, the number of 5 electric vehicles with 20% of electric quantity is smaller than the number of the AC charging piles allowing the buffer charging, and all 5 electric vehicles can be charged. The electric automobile with 25% of the residual electric quantity has 10 electric automobiles, and the number of the electric automobiles is 5 which is greater than the number of the residual alternating current charging piles which allow the slow charging, so that 5 electric automobiles are randomly selected from the 10 electric automobiles to be charged. And the method is repeated in a circulating way until the electric quantity of the electric automobile is full or the customer actively stops charging.
And if 12 electric vehicles needing charging urgently, selecting a sudden charging mode. Then 12 electric vehicles which are needed to be charged urgently are charged. If 17 electric vehicles needing to be charged suddenly select a sudden charging mode, selecting 12 electric vehicles needing to be charged suddenly according to the sequence of receiving the sudden charging command to charge until the electric vehicles are full of electric quantity or a customer stops charging actively.
The charging pile charging price adopts a floating price, and two charging prices are designed on the basis, namely a sudden charging mode charging price and an intelligent charging mode charging price, wherein the sudden charging mode charging price is higher than the intelligent charging mode charging price.
1) Floating price
The power supply network has peak valley period, and the electricity prices of different periods are high or low. Therefore, when designing the charging price of the alternating-current charging pile, the charging price of the alternating-current charging pile emergency charging mode and the charging price of the intelligent charging mode are also continuously changed by referring to the electricity price of the power supply network in the peak valley period as a basis. The method aims at shifting peaks and filling valleys by using price factors, reducing the load of a power grid and keeping power supply stable.
2) Charging price in rapid charging mode
The charging price of the sudden charging mode is increased on the basis of the floating price, and the charging price of the corresponding intelligent charging mode is higher.
This is to meet the customer's demand for charging electric vehicles in particular, but at the same time, the price is raised because the charging power resources are preferentially occupied. Besides meeting the urgent needs of customers, people are encouraged to use the intelligent charging mode to evenly distribute charging power resources as much as possible.
3) Intelligent charging price in charging mode
The intelligent charging mode charging price is increased on the basis of the floating price, and the intelligent charging mode charging price is lower.
The intelligent charging mode can distribute charging power resources relatively evenly, and because the charging power resources do not have priority, the charging time of the electric automobile is longer than that of the emergency charging mode, and therefore the charging price is lower than that of the emergency charging mode. Meanwhile, customers without urgent charging demands are encouraged to use the intelligent charging mode to charge as much as possible by price factors.
The central controller of the platform area is equivalent to the brain of the whole system, gathers information to carry out logic judgment, and issues a command after a conclusion is obtained. The electricity consumption information acquisition system comprises a table zone summary table and a user electricity meter. The central controller of the station area collects the station area real-time electricity consumption information (current area electricity consumption information) from the total table of the station area through RS 485. The central controller of the transformer area analyzes the real-time power consumption information of the transformer area to obtain the capacity allowance of the transformer area of the current area, and then calculates the number of the alternating current charging piles capable of simultaneously charging. Because the electric power resources for charging the electric automobile in the charging piles come from the capacity allowance of the transformer in the transformer area, the electric power resources are limited, and all the charging piles cannot charge, the electric power source can affect the common domestic electricity. Therefore, the number of the charging piles capable of performing charging work is required to be flexibly controlled according to the capacity allowance of the transformer in the current transformer area.
For example:
there is one transformer with 315KVA capacity, and after the current domestic electricity is removed, the current capacity of the transformer is remained for 50KVA. One charging pile outputs a voltage AC380V, and outputs a current 12A. According to the formula
P=UI
The apparent power of one charging pile is 4560VA, namely 4.56KVA.
The number of charging piles that can perform the charging operation is about:
50KVA/4.56KVA ≡10.96 (each)
The maximum number of charging piles that can simultaneously perform the charging operation is 10.
The selection of the charging mode is determined by the customer according to the requirements, and the operation interface in the charging pile is operated. And then collecting the customer demand information. When the charging connector is inserted into an electric vehicle, the charging pile automatically starts to collect electric vehicle battery electric quantity information. The main application of the information acquisition is that battery electric quantity information is needed to be used as a basis in random selection charging when in an intelligent charging mode. And the charging piles which perform charging work within the allowable quantity range are charged according to charging rules corresponding to different charging modes. Meanwhile, if the intelligent charging mode is adopted or the battery is fully charged and stopped, the collected battery electric quantity information is used as a logic judgment basis.
The central controller of the station area and the electricity consumption information acquisition system are in wired connection, and are communicated through RS 485. The power consumption information collection system unidirectionally transmits the real-time power consumption information of the platform area to the central controller of the platform area. The central controller of the station area communicates with the charging piles in the form of radio waves by adopting carrier communication. The communication content among them is more, relate to the electric automobile battery electric quantity information, customer's demand information (quick charge mode, intelligent charge mode, stop charging) that the stake of exchanging uploads to the central controller of district, expense settlement information. The central controller of the platform area displays different charging commands sent by the controller, the total number and the residual quantity of the alternating-current charging piles capable of currently carrying out charging work sent by the display in the alternating-current charging piles, the current quick charging mode charging price, the intelligent charging mode charging price display command and the like.
The charging pile is provided with a control unit, a first communication module, a power supply unit, an electric vehicle charging control circuit, an electric vehicle battery electric quantity acquisition circuit, an instruction input unit and a display unit, wherein the power supply unit is used for supplying power to the control unit, the first communication module, the electric vehicle charging control circuit, the electric vehicle battery electric quantity acquisition circuit, the instruction input unit and the display unit; the control unit is respectively and electrically connected with the first communication module, the electric automobile battery electric quantity acquisition circuit, the electric automobile charging control circuit, the instruction input unit and the display unit; the control unit is connected with the power line through the first communication module and is used for uploading various information to the central controller of the platform area and receiving instruction signals and display commands issued by the central controller of the platform area; the electric automobile battery electric quantity acquisition circuit is used for acquiring electric automobile battery electric quantity and transmitting the electric automobile battery electric quantity to the control unit; the instruction input unit is used for collecting client demand information and transmitting the client demand information to the control unit; the control unit is used for receiving the instruction signal issued by the central controller of the platform area, outputting a control signal to the charging control circuit of the electric automobile, controlling the power on or power off of the charging connector and controlling the charging state of the electric automobile, and the control unit is used for receiving the display command issued by the central controller of the platform area and controlling the display unit to display corresponding information. Preferably, the instruction input unit and the display unit adopt touch screens, such as LCD touch screens. The electric automobile battery electric quantity acquisition circuit comprises an electric quantity acquisition device with a charging pile, and the electric quantity acquisition device is used for transmitting acquired electric automobile battery electric quantity information to the control unit through the 485 communication circuit or the carrier communication module. The control unit is an MCU module. The first communication module may be a wired communication module or a wireless communication module, and preferably, the first communication module is a carrier communication module, and the carrier communication module is connected with a power line. The carrier communication module of this embodiment adopts a chip with model LM 1893. The electric automobile charging control circuit comprises a contactor and a relay, and the charging connector is connected with alternating current through the contactor. One end of a contact of the contactor is connected with the charging connector, the other end of the contact of the contactor is connected with the power line, and the power on or power off of a coil of the contactor is controlled by a relay, and the relay is controlled by an MCU module. The MCU module drives the relay through ULN2803 LW. Each charging post may be provided with a charging connector or a plurality of charging connectors. Each charging pile of the present embodiment is provided with two charging connectors. The charging pile is also provided with a charging indicating circuit, and the charging indicating circuit indicates whether each charging connector is electrified or not by adopting a light emitting diode. Of course, the charging pile of the invention can also have the functions of card swiping and consumption and the functions of printing receipt, and in a word, the charging pile of the invention has various functions of the existing charging pile besides the functions of the invention.
The invention discloses an electric automobile charging control system composed of a central controller of a platform area and a plurality of alternating current charging piles, wherein the control method comprises the following steps:
1) Setting a sudden-charge mode and an intelligent charging mode, wherein the two charging modes respectively correspond to two charging prices, namely the sudden-charge mode charging price and the intelligent charging mode charging price (the price difference of the two electricity prices is determined by relevant national policies), and the sudden-charge mode charging price is higher than the intelligent charging mode charging price;
2) The central controller of the platform area collects real-time electricity utilization information of the platform area in real time and analyzes the collected real-time electricity utilization information of the platform area to obtain capacity allowance of a transformer of the platform area of the current area, calculates the number of charging piles which are currently allowed to charge simultaneously according to the capacity allowance of the transformer of the current platform area, sends related display information commands to the charging piles, controls a display of the charging piles to display the total number and the residual number of the charging piles which can be charged currently and the predicted charging completion time of each pile (predicts according to the past load change rule);
3) The central controller of the station area refers to the electricity price of the peak valley period of the power supply network, determines the current charging price of the emergency charging mode and the charging price of the intelligent charging mode, sends out related display information commands to the charging piles, controls the display of the charging piles to display the charging price, and carries out pricing according to the price;
4) The customer selects a charging mode through an operation interface, connects a charging connector with the electric automobile, automatically collects the battery power of the electric automobile by a charging pile, and uploads the battery power of the electric automobile and charging mode information selected by the customer to a central controller of a platform area;
5) The central controller of the transformer area receives the battery electric quantity information of the electric automobile and the charging mode information selected by the customer and uploaded by each charging pile, and carries out comprehensive analysis on the battery electric quantity information and the calculated number of the charging piles which are allowed to simultaneously carry out charging work, and on the premise of not exceeding the capacity allowance of the transformer area, the central controller of the transformer area respectively sends charging instructions to the corresponding charging piles according to the set charging rules, and controls the charging piles to charge the electric automobile until the battery electric quantity of the electric automobile is full or the customer actively stops charging;
6) When the battery of the electric automobile is full or the customer actively stops charging, the central controller of the platform area sends a charging stopping instruction to the corresponding charging pile, and the charging pile stops charging the electric automobile;
7) And stopping charging the electric automobile by the charging pile, stopping pricing, and settling the cost.
And after the charging instruction is issued, charging the charging connector after being electrified. After the charging instruction is issued, the charging connector stops charging after being powered off, and the charging connector starts to charge after stopping charging, and the charging is carried out by combining the charge standards of various charging modes with the charge quantity.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, it is intended that the present invention also include such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.

Claims (5)

1. The utility model provides a district central controller based on transformer district load information control fills electric pile which characterized in that: the system comprises a control unit, a second communication module, a first communication module and a power supply unit, wherein the power supply unit is used for supplying power to a central controller of the whole station area, the control unit is electrically connected with the first communication module, is in communication with a power consumption information acquisition system or 485 ports of a station area electric energy meter through the first communication module and is used for acquiring real-time power consumption information of the station area, the control unit is used for acquiring the capacity allowance of a transformer of the station area of the current area according to the acquired real-time power consumption information of the station area, the control unit is used for acquiring the quantity of charging piles which are currently allowed to simultaneously perform charging operation according to the capacity allowance of the transformer of the current station area, the control unit is electrically connected with the second communication module, is in communication with each charging pile through the second communication module, is used for comprehensively analyzing the quantity of the charging piles which are currently allowed to simultaneously perform charging operation, and is used for controlling the charging state of the electric automobile according to a set charging rule and sending corresponding command signal to the charging piles to control the charging state of the electric automobile, and the control unit is used for displaying the corresponding command to the charging piles through the second communication module;
The first communication module is a 485 communication module or a carrier communication module;
the second communication module adopts a power line carrier communication chip, or comprises a carrier chip and a carrier coupling circuit, wherein the carrier chip is electrically connected with the control unit, the carrier coupling circuit is electrically connected with the power line, a signal sending circuit and a signal receiving circuit are arranged between the carrier coupling circuit and the carrier chip, the input end of the signal sending circuit is connected with the carrier chip, the output end of the signal sending circuit is connected with the carrier coupling circuit, the input end of the signal receiving circuit is connected with the carrier coupling circuit, and the output end of the signal receiving circuit is connected with the carrier chip;
when the second communication module adopts a power line carrier communication chip, the second communication module comprises a power line carrier communication chip U1 with a model LM1893 and a transformer T1, a primary coil of the transformer T1 is connected with a power line through a first capacitor C1, one end of a secondary coil of the transformer T1 is respectively connected with one end of a second capacitor C2, one end of a third capacitor C3 and a voltage VCC, the other end of the third capacitor C3 is grounded, the other end of the second capacitor C2 is respectively connected with the other end of the secondary coil of the transformer T1 and a first resistor R1, the other end of the first resistor R1 is respectively connected with a negative electrode of a voltage stabilizer VD, a collector of a first triode Q1 and a 10 th pin of the power line carrier communication chip U1, an emitter of the first triode Q1 is respectively connected with one end of the second resistor R2, one end of the third resistor R3 and an 8 th pin of the power line carrier communication chip U1, the other end of the third resistor R3 is grounded, the other end of the second resistor R2 is connected with the base electrode of the first triode Q1 and the 9 th pin of the power line carrier communication chip U1, the 1 st pin of the power line carrier communication chip U1 is connected with the 2 nd pin of the power line carrier communication chip U1 through a fourth capacitor C4, the 3 rd pin of the power line carrier communication chip U1 is connected with the 4 th pin of the power line carrier communication chip U1 through a sixth capacitor C6 and an eighth resistor R8 which are connected in series, the 5 th pin of the power line carrier communication chip U1 is grounded, the 6 th pin of the power line carrier communication chip U1 is grounded through a seventh capacitor C7, the 7 th pin of the power line carrier communication chip U1 is grounded through a fourth resistor R4, the 11 th pin of the power line carrier communication chip U1 is respectively connected with one end of the sixth resistor R6 and the base electrode of the second triode Q2, the other end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected with the voltage VCC, the collector of the second triode Q2 is connected with a voltage VCC, the emitter of the second triode Q2 is connected with the 12 th pin of the power line carrier communication chip U1 through a seventh resistor R7, the 12 th pin and the 17 th pin of the power line carrier communication chip U1 are respectively connected with a control unit, the 13 th pin of the power line carrier communication chip U1 is grounded through an eighth resistor R8, the 14 th pin of the power line carrier communication chip U1 is grounded, the 15 th pin of the power line carrier communication chip U1 is connected with the voltage VCC, the 16 th pin of the power line carrier communication chip U1 is grounded through a fifth capacitor C5, and the 18 th pin of the power line carrier communication chip U1 is grounded through a fifth resistor R5 and a potentiometer RP which are connected in series;
The signal transmitting circuit comprises a signal power amplifying circuit and an output power control circuit, the signal power amplifying circuit comprises a frequency selecting circuit composed of a fourth capacitor C4 and a first inductor L1, a first field effect tube Q1 and a second field effect tube Q2, the input end of the frequency selecting circuit is connected with a carrier coupling circuit, the output end of the frequency selecting circuit is connected with the drain electrode of the first field effect tube Q1 through a third resistor R3, the source electrode of the first field effect tube Q1 is connected with a reference ground VSS, the output end of the frequency selecting circuit is connected with the drain electrode of the second field effect tube Q2 through a second resistor R2, the source electrode of the second field effect tube Q2 is connected with one end of the fourth resistor R4, the cathode of the first diode D1 and one end of the output power control circuit, the other end of the fourth resistor R4, the anode of the first diode D1 and the grid electrode of the second field effect tube Q2 and one end of a fifth capacitor C5, the other end of the fifth capacitor C5 is respectively connected with the grid electrode of the first field effect tube Q1 and one end of a fifth resistor R5, the other end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected with a carrier chip, the output power control circuit comprises a triode Q3, an emitter of the triode Q3 is connected with power supply voltage, a collector of the triode Q3 is respectively connected with the positive electrode of a seventh capacitor C7, one end of a sixth capacitor C6, one end of a sixth resistor R6 and a signal power amplifying circuit, a negative electrode of the seventh capacitor C7, the other end of the sixth capacitor C6 and the other end of the sixth resistor R6 are connected with a reference ground VSS, a base of the triode Q3 is respectively connected with one end of the seventh resistor R7 and one end of an eighth resistor R8, the other end of the eighth resistor R8 is connected with the power supply voltage, and the other end of the seventh resistor R7 is connected with the reference ground VSS.
2. The zone central controller of claim 1, wherein: the charging rules set in the central controller of the platform area are as follows: allowing a customer to select a sudden charging mode and an intelligent charging mode, setting the charging electricity price of the sudden charging mode to be higher than that of the intelligent charging mode, and distributing the residual power resources to the electric vehicle requesting the intelligent charging mode after distributing the power resources to the electric vehicle requesting the sudden charging mode by the central controller of the platform area; if the customer selects the quick charging mode, on the premise of not exceeding the capacity allowance of the transformer in the transformer area, allowing a sufficient number of charging piles to charge the electric automobile requesting the quick charging mode according to the sequence of receiving the quick charging command until the battery of the electric automobile requesting the quick charging mode is full or the customer actively stops charging; if the customer selects the intelligent charging mode, on the premise of not exceeding the capacity allowance of the transformer in the transformer area, allowing a sufficient number of charging piles to press the electric quantity of the battery of the automobile to charge the electric automobile requesting the intelligent charging mode from low to high, until the electric quantity of the battery of the electric automobile is full or the customer actively stops charging.
3. The zone central controller of claim 2, wherein: the central controller of the platform area selects electric vehicles requesting the intelligent charging mode to charge according to the sequence from low battery power to high from the obtained battery power information of the electric vehicles requesting the intelligent charging mode, when a certain battery power position is touched to correspond to a plurality of electric vehicles, if the number of the electric vehicles which are allowed to be buffered currently is greater than or equal to the number of the electric vehicles corresponding to the battery power position, all the electric vehicles corresponding to the battery power position are selected to charge, and if the number of the electric vehicles which are allowed to be buffered currently is less than the number of the electric vehicles corresponding to the battery power position, the electric vehicles with the required number are randomly selected from the electric vehicles corresponding to the battery power position to charge.
4. The zone central controller of claim 1, wherein: the signal receiving circuit comprises a signal filtering circuit and a demodulation circuit, the signal filtering circuit comprises a band-pass passive filter formed by a second inductor L2, an eighth capacitor C8, a third inductor L3 and a ninth capacitor C9, a ninth resistor R9, a second diode D2 and a third diode D3, one end of the ninth resistor R9 is connected with a carrier coupling circuit, the other end of the ninth resistor R9 is connected with one end of the second inductor L2, the other end of the second inductor L2 is connected with one end of the eighth capacitor C8, the other end of the eighth capacitor C8 is respectively connected with one end of the third inductor L3, one end of the ninth capacitor C9, the positive electrode of the second diode D2, the negative electrode of the third diode D3 and the demodulation circuit, the other end of the third inductor L3, the other end of the ninth capacitor C9, the negative electrode of the second diode D2 and the positive electrode of the third diode D3 are grounded, the demodulation circuit comprises a low-power-consumption narrow-band analog front end with the model number of AFE3361, a 16 th pin of the low-power-consumption narrow-band analog front end with the model number of AFE3361 is connected with the signal filtering circuit through a sixteenth capacitor C16, a 1 st pin of the low-power-consumption narrow-band analog front end with the model number of AFE3361 is connected with one end of a seventeenth capacitor C17, the other end of the seventeenth capacitor C17 is connected with one end of a fourth inductor L4, one end of an eighteenth capacitor and one end of a fifteenth resistor respectively, the other end of the fourth inductor L4 and the other end of the eighteenth capacitor are grounded, and the other end of the fifteenth resistor is connected with a carrier chip.
5. The zone central controller of claim 1, wherein: the central controller of the platform area further comprises a display unit, and the display unit is electrically connected with the control unit.
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