CN107183386A - A kind of processing method of young pig green grass feed - Google Patents
A kind of processing method of young pig green grass feed Download PDFInfo
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- A23K50/30—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for swines
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- A23K—FODDER
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- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
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- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/195—Antibiotics
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- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of processing method of young pig green grass feed, it is characterised in that including following aspect：（1）Main feed is prepared, spirit stillage, dregs of beans, corn flour and salt mixing, is configured to main feed；（2）Green grass is finished, and fixing is handled in pressure cooker；（3）Microwave drying, drying and processing is carried out using two stages to green grass；（4）Green grass efflorescence, 30 eye mesh screens can be extremely crossed by the crushing efflorescence of dry green grass；（5）Zymotic fluid culture, prepares zymotic fluid, is cultivated under constant temperature；（6）Green grass powder ferments, and under constant temperature, is saccharified and fermentation process；（7）Drying and efflorescence, are dried under low temperature to water content 14% 18%, and carry out efflorescence processing using pulverizer；（8）Feed granulating, main feed, hay powder, functional feed mass ratio are 20:15:4, it is mixed and made into pellet.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to livestock-raising technical field, and in particular to a kind of processing method of young pig green grass feed.
Background technology
Pig feed, protein feeds, energy feed, roughage, green forage, ensiling can be divided into by being divided according to nutritional ingredient
Feed, mineral feed and the type of feed addictive 8, wherein protein and energy feed are the main component of pig feed, are carried
For nutriments such as protein, carbohydrate, fat, mineral matter and feed addictive provide middle and trace element and functional nutrient into
Point, increase the body immunity of pig；Green grass class feed, it is possible to provide abundant vitamin, reduces the hair of pig disvitaminosis
It is raw.At present, green grass class feed in pig feed, main to be used using green forage and ensilage mode, green forage is to use
Fresh green grass root, stem, leaf, directly carry out containing a large amount of celluloses and lignin composition in feeding, green grass, pig can not digest profit
With undressed green grass, animal is low to nutritional ingredient absorption rate, and it is not true that residues of pesticides etc. are there may be in green grass
Qualitative risk, edible safety is relatively low.And ensilage, refer to that the green forage that moisture content is 65%-75% is careless after chopping,
Under conditions of airtight anoxia, act on by fermentation, the roughage being made；Ensilage after by fermentation, nutritional ingredient profit
It is higher than green forage with rate, still, its holding time is short, green grass utilizes, processing mode is simple, and processing stage is low, it is impossible to make
For the supply of concentrated feed for a long time.
The content of the invention
The problem of present invention is directed to existing：Young pig feed nutrition, it is necessary to substantial amounts of protein, carbohydrate, micro- after the wean of young pig
The nutrition such as secondary element, calcium and vitamin, wherein vitamin species is more, is difficult to reach rational configuration proportion by manually adding,
And it is low manually to add absorption rate.Green grass class feed, mainly takes dark green and ensilage mode, carries out herding nursing, blue or green
Careless processing method is single, and absorption of nutrient ingredients rate is low；Green forage is to use fresh green grass root, stem, leaf, is directly fed
Food, contains a large amount of celluloses and lignin composition in green grass, pig can not digestibility and utilization, undressed green grass, animal is to nutrition
Ingredient draws utilization rate is low, and the uncertain risk such as residues of pesticides is there may be in green grass；Ensilage, fermented rear batallion
Absorptivity is supported to improve, but its holding time is short, green grass utilizes, processing mode is simple, and processing stage is low, it is impossible to be used as young pig essence
The supply of feed for a long time.To solve the above problems, the invention provides a kind of processing method of young pig green grass feed.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions：
A kind of processing method of young pig green grass feed, comprises the following steps：
（1）Main feed is prepared：Spirit stillage is dried, then spirit stillage, dregs of beans are crushed to powdery；Then, by white wine after processing
Vinasse, dregs of beans, corn flour and salt mixing, are configured to main feed；
（2）Green grass finishes：By green grass after washing, add into autoclave, finished, remove the sentimental taste of green grass；
（3）Microwave drying：Green grass after fixing is positioned in microwave dryer, carries out microwave drying processing：First stage slightly dries
It is dry, 84 DEG C -87 DEG C of drying temperature, during green grass high-moisture, water is reduced rapidly using high temperature by humidity 40%-45%, time 1-2h
Point；Second stage essence drying, 50 DEG C -53 DEG C of drying temperature, humidity 14%-17%, wherein time 3-4h, humidity reduce speed and are
Decline 5% per 5min, until reaching 14%-17% humidity, low temperature can reduce outside saturation degree with humidity is gradually reduced, and increase water
Divide evaporation, reduce nutrition leak；
（4）Green grass efflorescence：Green grass is handled by pulverizer efflorescence after drying, green grass dry powder is made, its efflorescence degree can cross 30 mesh
Screen cloth, crosses 40 eye mesh screens, and network blocking rate in top is less than 5%；Green grass after efflorescence, ferment effect is more abundant, matches somebody with somebody beneficial to preserving with feed
System；
（5）Zymotic fluid culture：Corn flour, sucrose, probiotic powder and dusty yeast are added into sterilized water, stir mixing, matches somebody with somebody
Zymotic fluid is made, and carries out incubated；Beneficial bacterium number in zymotic fluid can be improved, promotes intestinal absorption；
（6）Green grass powder ferments：Green grass dry powder is added into culture after fermentation liquid, makes zymotic fluid into pasty state, in isoperibol,
Carry out depth fermentation：First stage diastatic fermentation, addition 3%-4% wheat kojis, -53 DEG C of temperature 50 C of setting, humidity 42%-45%, when
Between 8-10h, promote starch etc. to be hydrolyzed into monose, improve nutritional ingredient and absorb；Second stage mesophilic digestion, 34 DEG C -37 DEG C of temperature,
Beneficial bacterial content in cellulose and lignin in humidity 45%-50%, time 18-22h, degraded hay, increase hay；
（7）Drying and efflorescence：By pasty state green grass dry powder liquid by fermentation, dry at low temperature, water content to 14%-18%, and
Efflorescence processing is carried out using pulverizer, hay powder is obtained；
（8）Feed granulating：It is 20 according to main feed, hay powder, functional feed mass ratio:15:4, prepare well mixed, pass through
The young pig green grass feed of graininess is made in feed granulator.
Step（1）Described main feed, it is respectively configured to sub-prime gauge part and is：
64-68 parts of corn flour, 31-34 parts of spirit stillage, 12-15 parts of dregs of beans, 2-4 parts of salt compounded of iodine.
Step（2）Described fixing, its de-enzyming process parameter is：
Autoclave pressure 1.5-2Pa, 96 DEG C -100 DEG C of vapor (steam) temperature, finish 10-15min.
Step（5）Described zymotic fluid, it is respectively configured to sub-prime gauge part and is：
100-120 parts of sterilized water, 19-22 parts of corn part, 11-14 parts of sucrose, 4-7 parts of fishbone dust, 3-5 parts of probiotic powder, yeast
1-2 parts of powder.
Step（5）Described zymotic fluid, its incubated temperature is 25 DEG C -28 DEG C, incubation time 24-26h.
Step（8）Described functional feed, it is respectively configured to sub-prime gauge part and is：
Micro- 3-5 parts, 0.5-1 parts of sodium selenite, 1-2 parts of bacterium peptide promise, 0.4-0.6 parts of ivermectin.
The present invention has advantages below compared with prior art：Young pig feed is prepared, and is divided into main feed composition, functional components
With hay meal component, main feed composition provides the nutritional ingredients such as abundant protein, fat, carbohydrate, and functional components provide micro-
Secondary element, selenium and prevention disease medicine, can improve the immunity of organisms of young pig, and hay powder provides vitamin.Green grass processing mode,
Green grass is by finishing, drying and efflorescence are handled, and its removable green grass of processing that finishes is pained, green grass or young crops taste, and reduces the anti-battalion in green grass
Support the factor；Using microwave drying, microwave produces energy effect, can destroy green grass cell membrane, discharges internal nutriment, and produces
Raw electromagnetic wave can be rapidly by moisture evaporation in green grass；Two stage stoving processes, water content is high in the incipient stage, green grass,
Moisture in moisture, reaching advanced stages, green grass can be reduced rapidly using high temperature and is in reduced levels, such as using at high temperature
Reason, drying efficiency is low, easily causes nutrition and largely loses.Fermentation process, is cultivated zymotic fluid before fermentation, is improved wherein micro-
Diastatic fermentation and yeast fermentation are combined by biological content, zymotechnique, and diastatic fermentation provides abundant for fermentation stage microorganism
Monose is supplied；Yeast fermentation phase, degradable radix glycyrrhizae is degraded, in the degradable hay of cellulase and lignoenzyme of generation
Cellulose, lignin, improve the absorption of nutriment, and containing abundant probiotics in the zymotic fluid cultivated by fermentation,
With the promotion effect of digesting and assimilating.In terms of cost, using the hay powder after processing as a part for concentrated feed, both added
Nutritional ingredient is originated, and feed and aquaculture cost are reduced again.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1：
A kind of processing method of young pig green grass feed, comprises the following steps：
（1）Main feed is prepared：Spirit stillage is dried, then spirit stillage, dregs of beans are crushed to powdery；Then, by white wine after processing
Vinasse, dregs of beans, corn flour and salt mixing, are configured to main feed；
（2）Green grass finishes：By green grass after washing, add into autoclave, finished；
（3）Microwave drying：Green grass after fixing is positioned in microwave dryer, carries out microwave drying processing：First stage slightly dries
It is dry, 85 DEG C of drying temperature, humidity 42%, time 1h；Second stage essence drying, 51 DEG C of drying temperature, humidity 15%, time 3h, its
Middle humidity reduction speed is to decline 5% per 5min, until reaching 15% humidity；
（4）Green grass efflorescence：Green grass is handled by pulverizer efflorescence after drying, green grass dry powder is made, its efflorescence degree can cross 30 mesh
Screen cloth, crosses 40 eye mesh screens, and network blocking rate in top is less than 5%；
（5）Zymotic fluid culture：Corn flour, sucrose, probiotic powder and dusty yeast are added into sterilized water, stir mixing, matches somebody with somebody
Zymotic fluid is made, and carries out incubated；
（6）Green grass powder ferments：Green grass dry powder is added into culture after fermentation liquid, makes zymotic fluid into pasty state, in isoperibol,
Carry out depth fermentation：First stage diastatic fermentation, adds 3% wheat koji, sets 51 DEG C of temperature, humidity 43%, time 8h；Second stage
Mesophilic digestion, 35 DEG C of temperature, humidity 46%, time 19h；
（7）Drying and efflorescence：By pasty state green grass dry powder liquid by fermentation, dry at low temperature, water content to 14%-18%, and
Efflorescence processing is carried out using pulverizer, hay powder is obtained；
（8）Feed granulating：It is 20 according to main feed, hay powder, functional feed mass ratio:15:4, prepare well mixed, pass through
The young pig green grass feed of graininess is made in feed granulator.
Step（1）Described main feed, it is respectively configured to sub-prime gauge part and is：
65 parts of corn flour, 32 parts of spirit stillage, 13 parts of dregs of beans, 2.5 parts of salt compounded of iodine.
Step（2）Described fixing, its de-enzyming process parameter is：
Autoclave pressure 1.6Pa, 97 DEG C of vapor (steam) temperature, finish 12min.
Step（5）Described zymotic fluid, it is respectively configured to sub-prime gauge part and is：
103 parts of sterilized water, 19.5 parts of corn part, 11.2 parts of sucrose, 4.4 parts of fishbone dust, 3.2 parts of probiotic powder, dusty yeast 1.2
Part.
Step（5）Described zymotic fluid, its incubated temperature is 26 DEG C, incubation time 25h.
Step（8）Described functional feed, it is respectively configured to sub-prime gauge part and is：
3.5 parts of trace element, 0.6 part of sodium selenite, 1.2 parts of bacterium peptide promise, 0.42 part of ivermectin.
Embodiment 2：
The present embodiment 2 is compared with embodiment 1, and step changes in the following areas：
Step（1）Described main feed, it is respectively configured to sub-prime gauge part and is：
66 parts of corn flour, 33 parts of spirit stillage, 14 parts of dregs of beans, 3.5 parts of salt compounded of iodine.
Step（2）Described fixing, its de-enzyming process parameter is：
Autoclave pressure 1.8Pa, 98 DEG C of vapor (steam) temperature, finish 13min.
Step（3）Middle microwave drying, its stoving process is：
First stage slightly dries, 86 DEG C of drying temperature, humidity 44%, time 2h；Second stage essence drying, 52 DEG C of drying temperature is wet
Degree 16%, time 4h, wherein humidity reduction speed are to decline 5% per 5min, until reaching 16% humidity.
Step（5）Described zymotic fluid, it is respectively configured to sub-prime gauge part and is：
109 parts of sterilized water, 21 parts of corn part, 13 parts of sucrose, 6 parts of fishbone dust, 4 parts of probiotic powder, 1.8 parts of dusty yeast.
Step（5）Described zymotic fluid, its incubated temperature is 27 DEG C, incubation time 25h.
Step（6）Described depth is fermented, and phase zymotechnique is：
First stage diastatic fermentation, adds 4% wheat koji, sets 52 DEG C of temperature, humidity 44%, time 9h；Second stage mesophilic digestion,
36 DEG C of temperature, humidity 47%, time 20h.
Step（8）Described functional feed, it is respectively configured to sub-prime gauge part and is：
4.8 parts of trace element, 0.7 part of sodium selenite, 1.8 parts of bacterium peptide promise, 0.5 part of ivermectin.
Contrast 1：
This contrast 1 is compared with embodiment 1, and step is not carried out（2）Extremely（7）Middle green grass processing method, other steps and the phase of embodiment 1
Together.
Contrast 2：
This contrast 2 is compared with embodiment 1, and step is not carried out（3）Middle microwave drying, other steps are same as Example 1.
Contrast 3：
This contrast 3 is compared with embodiment 1, and step is not carried out（5）Zymotic fluid culture, other steps are same as Example 1.
Contrast 4：
This contrast 4 is compared with embodiment 1, and step is not carried out（6）Green grass powder ferments, and other steps are same as Example 1.
Contrast 5：
This contrast 5 is compared with embodiment 2, step（8）Middle main feed, hay powder, functional feed mass ratio are 20:3:1, other
Step is same as Example 2.
Control group：
Control group is fed using main feed and green grass, and green grass processing method and feed formulation is not used.
To embodiment 1, embodiment 2, contrast 1, contrast 2, contrast 3, contrast 4, contrast 5 and control group experimental program, statistics
Feed cost reduction ratio, the growth-weight gain in 2 months of young pig（Begin to use forage feed from wean）And morbidity rate.
Experimental data:
| Project | Cost reduction ratio % | Growth-weight gain kg | Morbidity rate % |
| Embodiment 1 | 26.30% | 47.6 | 0.21% |
| Embodiment 2 | 25.90% | 48.2 | 0.19% |
| Contrast 1 | 0% | 32.3 | 2.41% |
| Contrast 2 | 26.70% | 43.7 | 1.07% |
| Contrast 3 | 25.80% | 44.1 | 0.54% |
| Contrast 4 | 26.10% | 41.4 | 1.13% |
| Contrast 5 | 3.60% | 42.9 | 0.67% |
| Control group | 0% | 30.8 | 2.31% |
Synthesis result：By using green grass processing method formula feed, it is possible to decrease feed use cost 25%-26%, the young pig of increase
Growth-weight gain 15.3kg, young pig disease rate declines 2.20%；And microwave drying, zymotic fluid culture and green grass powder fermentation process are used,
Young pig growth-weight gain, the young pig disease rate of reduction can be improved；Use main feed, hay powder, functional feed mass ratio, it is possible to decrease
Feed use cost 22.3%, the young pig growth-weight gain 5.3kg of increase, young pig disease rate declines 0.46%.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of processing method of young pig green grass feed, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
（1）Main feed is prepared：Spirit stillage is dried, then spirit stillage, dregs of beans are crushed to powdery；Then, by white wine after processing
Vinasse, dregs of beans, corn flour and salt mixing, are configured to main feed；
（2）Green grass finishes：By green grass after washing, add into autoclave, finished；
（3）Microwave drying：Green grass after fixing is positioned in microwave dryer, carries out microwave drying processing：First stage slightly dries
It is dry, 84 DEG C -87 DEG C of drying temperature, humidity 40%-45%, time 1-2h；Second stage essence drying, 50 DEG C -53 DEG C of drying temperature is wet
14%-17% is spent, time 3-4h, wherein humidity reduction speed are to decline 5% per 5min, until reaching 14%-17% humidity；
（4）Green grass efflorescence：Green grass is handled by pulverizer efflorescence after drying, green grass dry powder is made, its efflorescence degree can cross 30 mesh
Screen cloth, crosses 40 eye mesh screens, and network blocking rate in top is less than 5%；
（5）Zymotic fluid culture：Corn flour, sucrose, probiotic powder and dusty yeast are added into sterilized water, stir mixing, matches somebody with somebody
Zymotic fluid is made, and carries out incubated；
（6）Green grass powder ferments：Green grass dry powder is added into culture after fermentation liquid, makes zymotic fluid into pasty state, in isoperibol,
Carry out depth fermentation：First stage diastatic fermentation, addition 3%-4% wheat kojis, -53 DEG C of temperature 50 C of setting, humidity 42%-45%, when
Between 8-10h；Second stage mesophilic digestion, 34 DEG C -37 DEG C of temperature, humidity 45%-50%, time 18-22h；
（7）Drying and efflorescence：By pasty state green grass dry powder liquid by fermentation, dry at low temperature, water content to 14%-18%, and
Efflorescence processing is carried out using pulverizer, hay powder is obtained；
（8）Feed granulating：It is 20 according to main feed, hay powder, functional feed mass ratio:15:4, prepare well mixed, pass through
The young pig green grass feed of graininess is made in feed granulator.
2. the processing method of children's pig green grass feed as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that step（1）Described main feed, its
Respectively being configured to sub-prime gauge part is：
64-68 parts of corn flour, 31-34 parts of spirit stillage, 12-15 parts of dregs of beans, 2-4 parts of salt compounded of iodine.
3. the processing method of children's pig green grass feed as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that step（2）Described fixing, it is killed
Blue or green technological parameter is：
Autoclave pressure 1.5-2Pa, 96 DEG C -100 DEG C of vapor (steam) temperature, finish 10-15min.
4. the processing method of children's pig green grass feed as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that step（5）Described zymotic fluid, its
Respectively being configured to sub-prime gauge part is：
100-120 parts of sterilized water, 19-22 parts of corn part, 11-14 parts of sucrose, 4-7 parts of fishbone dust, 3-5 parts of probiotic powder, yeast
1-2 parts of powder.
5. the processing method of children's pig green grass feed as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that step（5）Described zymotic fluid, its
Incubated temperature is 25 DEG C -28 DEG C, incubation time 24-26h.
6. the processing method of children's pig green grass feed as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that step（8）Described feature is raised
Material, it is respectively configured to sub-prime gauge part and is：
Micro- 3-5 parts, 0.5-1 parts of sodium selenite, 1-2 parts of bacterium peptide promise, 0.4-0.6 parts of ivermectin.
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| CN108849716A (en) * | 2018-05-03 | 2018-11-23 | 山东胜伟旅游发展有限公司 | In the method for the raw Festuca Arundinacea feed Fattening Sheep of salt |
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