CN107128476B

CN107128476B - Material web for a folding shed for a passage between vehicles or for a boarding bridge or passenger gangway canopy

Info

Publication number: CN107128476B
Application number: CN201610108425.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: T·布施; A·维格勒菲
Original assignee: Huebner GmbH and Co KG
Current assignee: Huebner GmbH and Co KG
Priority date: 2016-02-26
Filing date: 2016-02-26
Publication date: 2020-03-03
Anticipated expiration: 2036-02-26
Also published as: CN107128476A

Abstract

The invention relates to a material web (20) of a bellows (6) of a gangway (3) between two vehicles that are articulated to one another or of a canopy of an aircraft boarding bridge or of an aircraft passenger ramp, wherein the material web (20) has at least one reinforcing base fabric layer which has elastomer coatings (21, 22) on both sides, wherein the at least one reinforcing base fabric layer is formed from a nonwoven fabric (9), wherein an adhesion promoter layer (7) is arranged between the nonwoven fabric (9) and the elastomer coatings (21, 22).

Description

Material web for a folding shed for a passage between vehicles or for a boarding bridge or passenger gangway canopy

Technical Field

The invention relates to a material web for a bellows of a gangway between two vehicles that are articulated to one another or for a canopy of an aircraft passenger gangway or of an aircraft boarding bridge.

Background

Bellows of the type mentioned at the outset are usually produced from at least one reinforcing base fabric layer/reinforcing support layer, usually a textile fabric, wherein the textile fabric is surrounded on both sides as reinforcing base fabric layer by an elastomer. Corrugated bellows or bellows are produced from this material web. In this respect, so-called double-bellows, i.e. bellows of a bellows arrangement which form a gangway in a mutually supporting manner, are also known. Double-layer corrugated bellows of this type are used in particular in fast-moving trains and are used, for example, to reinforce the sound insulation effect. The use of such double-layer corrugated bellows in particular in fast-moving trains prevents pressure surges/pressure fluctuations, which occur as follows, from entering the vehicle interior: the fast-running train enters a tunnel or two trains of fast-running trains are staggered; at least to reduce the intensity of such pressure shocks.

The sound insulation problem, however, arises not only in fast-moving trains, but also in general in all public transport vehicles, which may be trams or articulated buses. However, the installation of such double-layer corrugated bellows or double-layer corrugated bellows in trams and buses is abandoned for cost reasons only. That is, the following needs must exist: the sound insulation problem is solved in a simpler and especially more cost-effective manner and method.

Disclosure of Invention

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a material web of the type mentioned at the outset which has a good sound reduction value in terms of acoustics and which nevertheless can be produced inexpensively, so that it can be used even in cost-effective designs of bellows, for example in trams or articulated buses.

It has now surprisingly been found that a nonwoven fabric is used as a reinforcing base fabric layer, which has an elastomer coating on both sides, wherein an adhesion promoter layer is arranged between the elastomer coating and the nonwoven fabric, and that such a material web not only absorbs noise but ultimately also provides sound insulation. For the following embodiments, the nonwoven fabric comprises by definition at least one, preferably a plurality of planar fabric layers of filaments stitched to one another, wherein the plurality of planar fabric layers can likewise be stitched to one another. Each planar fabric layer or planar fabric face has a plurality of filaments which can extend unidirectionally or bidirectionally. The noise-absorbing and sound-insulating effect is obtained by: the nonwoven fabric itself acts as a flat fabric/scrim (Gelege) absorbing the noise that occurs. Coatings made of plastic, such as EPDM or silicone, are of greater mass and therefore capable of sound insulation. In the combination, a material web is thus formed which achieves good acoustic noise reduction values in the approximate range of the noise reduction values, which can be achieved with a double-corrugated bellows or a double-corrugated bellows in the following cases: where the fabric is applied as a reinforcing base fabric. It is essential for obtaining a good sound reduction value in terms of acoustics: an adhesion promoter layer is applied between the nonwoven fabric on the one hand and the coating made of elastomeric material on the other hand. In principle, nonwoven fabrics are suitable which are very permeable. If the elastomer coating is applied to the nonwoven fabric by means of a calender (Kalander), there is always the following risk in principle: the elastomeric material penetrates completely through the nonwoven layer, in relation to the height of the nonwoven and its thickness. It has now surprisingly been found that the use of an adhesion promoter layer between the nonwoven fabric on the one hand and the elastomer coating on the other hand prevents the elastomer coating from penetrating deeply into the nonwoven fabric before and during vulcanization. It is ensured above all by the adhesion promoter layer that the elastomer coating remains on the surface of the nonwoven, where, however, a stable connection to the nonwoven is still achieved. If the elastomer coating penetrates completely through the nonwoven, the noise-absorbing effect of the nonwoven tends to be zero, which in turn leads to an acoustically poor sound reduction value.

Advantageous features and embodiments of the invention are indicated in the dependent claims.

The nonwoven fabric can be designed as a nonwoven, a nonwoven-lined fabric (Vliesline), a nonwoven flat fabric/non-woven flat structure (vliesgele) or a fleece knit (Vliesgewirk), which advantageously comprises a plurality of flat fabric layers. As already mentioned, the layers can be sewn to one another as individual planar fabric layers made of filaments in order to achieve a stable connection between the individual layers.

In detail, the planar fabric layers are made and/or connected to each other such that the nonwoven fabric can be subjected to different tensile forces in different directions. This is crucial based on the following background: often, a high degree of expansion in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, particularly during cornering, particularly in the region of the side walls, for example in the region of the roof or even in the region of the floor, must be caused. That is to say that the individual layers or flat fabrics have unidirectionally oriented filaments, wherein the individual flat fabric layers made of unidirectionally designed filaments are placed on top of one another by: the filaments of the various layers are angled with respect to each other. This is caused, for example, in the case where the two planar fabric layers of the thread are at an angle of 90 ° to one another: this nonwoven provides higher extensibility in the direction of the 45 ° angle, but not in the 0 ° and 90 ° angle regions. It is directly evident from this that the use area of such a nonwoven fabric can be adapted relatively easily to the external conditions. In this connection, it is likewise conceivable to use filaments of different plastic materials in the individual planar fabric layers. It is conceivable here, for example for cost reasons: an intermediate layer as a flat textile made of polyester is arranged between two flat textile layers as layers made of aramid. Nonwoven fabrics made in this manner will have good flame retardant properties due to the aramid layer.

Advantageously, filaments of different materials, in particular plastics, can also be used in the flat fabric layer, in order to thereby ultimately adapt the entire nonwoven fabric to different purposes of use.

According to an advantageous feature of the invention, the nonwoven fabric has at least one planar fabric layer in which the elastic filaments are arranged. Such elastic filaments can be made of silicone or EPDM, for example. In the case of nonwoven fabrics constructed in this way, it is advantageous to achieve high elasticity in one direction, while substantially no or only very little extensibility in the other direction is present, in which inextensible filaments of such nonwoven fabrics with a plurality of planar fabric layers extend. Such nonwoven fabrics with a flat fabric or a flat fabric layer made of elastic or inelastic filaments can also be used in particular in the following cases: high failure is expected. In particular, when the elastic thread runs transversely to the envisaged cross-sectional direction, this is essentially always the case: such filaments run parallel to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle, for example, in the side wall, it is achieved that the bellows can be torn open only in a very limited number of cases over the entire height of the side wall. This is because the elastic thread is, due to its elasticity, tree-like in the direction of the cross section in relation to its length and serves in this respect to prevent the cross section from being guided further without excessive force consumption.

According to a further feature of the invention, the filaments of the nonwoven fabric have different thicknesses. The strength or thickness of the filaments is in turn related to the direction of loading of the material web. In detail, in this case: the individual layers of the nonwoven or the filaments of the flat fabric have different thicknesses, wherein advantageously at least one layer with filaments of greater thickness is embedded between at least two layers with filaments of lesser thickness. The reason for this is that a flat fabric of a non-woven fabric with filaments of greater thickness or strength is more easily penetrated by the elastomer than a layer with thinner filaments, provided that the distance between the filaments should be the same.

A particularly advantageous feature of the invention is that at least one outer elastomer coating of the material web has perforations, in particular so-called microperforations with a plurality of channels. It is advantageous if perforations are provided on the noise-generating side, that is to say that the noise reaches through the perforations and the openings, in particular the microperforations, into the nonwoven and is absorbed there. A micro-perforation is understood to be a perforation in which the openings are in the micrometer range.

Drawings

The invention is explained in detail by way of example with the aid of the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 schematically shows an articulated vehicle with bellows as part of an aisle between two vehicle parts;

FIG. 2 schematically illustrates three planar fabric layers disposed one above the other to form a nonwoven fabric;

FIG. 3 shows schematically in a cross-sectional view a nonwoven fabric coated on both sides with an elastomer;

fig. 4 shows a schematic view of a nonwoven fabric coated with elastomer from both sides, wherein the elastomer coating, however, has perforations on one side.

List of reference numerals:

1 articulated vehicle

2 vehicle part

3 passageway

4 vehicle part

6 folding shed

7 adhesion promoter layer

9 nonwoven fabric

10. 11, 12 plane fabric layer

20 webs of material

21. 22 elastomer coating

25 channel

26 perforation

Detailed Description

Fig. 1 shows an articulated vehicle, designated by 1, having an aisle, designated in general by 3, between two

vehicle parts

2 and 4, wherein the aisle comprises a bellows, designated in general by 6. The bellows 6 is designed as a bellows or corrugated bellows and has a plurality of bellows or corrugated webs connected to one another by stitching as the material web, which is also held by a circumferential bellows frame.

The invention now relates to a material web for forming a bellows or a corrugated bellows as part of a gangway between two vehicles articulated to one another, in order to enable persons to walk from one vehicle part to the other vehicle part using the bellows without being affected by the weather.

Fig. 2 in this respect has three

filament plane fabrics

10, 11 and 12 forming a nonwoven 9, which are at an angle of 90 ° or 45 ° to one another. That is, planar fabric layer 11 is at a 90 angle to the filaments of planar fabric layer 12, while planar fabric layer 10 is at a 45 angle to planar fabric layers 11 and 12, respectively. An insertable planar fabric layer forming a nonwoven fabric; the nonwoven fabric together with the elastomer coating form a material web on each side.

According to fig. 3, the nonwoven 9 itself has four planar fabric layers or planar fabric faces, the filaments of the individual planar fabric layers 11 and 12 being arranged at an angle to one another, in particular at an angle of 90 °. The reinforcing base fabric, which is designed as a nonwoven 9 and comprises a plurality of planar fabric layers 11 and 12, has

elastomer coatings

21, 22 on both sides for forming the material web 20, wherein it is absolutely conceivable that the two elastomer coatings are made of different elastomer materials. In this case, for example, it can be provided that one outer layer is made of silicone and the other outer layer is made of EPDM. Between the respective elastomer coating on the one hand and the nonwoven on the other hand, an adhesion promoter layer 7 is provided which, in addition to the bonding of the material bond between the elastomer coating and the nonwoven, also serves to cause the elastomer coating to penetrate completely through the nonwoven in the uncured state during the calender coating, i.e. during the coating process. That is, the adhesion promoter layer acts as a barrier for the elastomer coating. The adhesion promoter layer can be designed here in relation to the coating material as a polyolefin adhesion promoter or as a polyamide fiber adhesion promoter.

Fig. 4 shows what is known as a microperforation 26 of one of the elastomer coatings. The microperforations include a plurality of channels 25 which extend from the outer side of the elastomer coating 21 into the reinforcing base fabric, which is designed as a nonwoven. Such perforations, in particular micro-perforations, are provided on the side of the material web on which the noise source is formed, i.e. in particular on the outer side of the bellows.

Claims

1. Canopy of an aisle (3) between two vehicles articulated to one another or of an aircraft boarding bridge or aircraft passenger ramp with a bellows (6), wherein the bellows or canopy has a material web, which material web (20) has at least one reinforcing base fabric layer which has elastomer coatings (21, 22) on both sides, characterized in that the at least one reinforcing base fabric layer is formed from a nonwoven fabric (9), wherein an adhesion promoter layer (7) is arranged between the nonwoven fabric (9) and the elastomer coatings (21, 22) in order to prevent the elastomer coatings from penetrating into the nonwoven fabric before and during vulcanization, wherein the nonwoven fabric has at least one planar fabric layer in which elastic filaments are arranged.

2. Canopy with bellows (6) for an aisle (3) between two vehicles articulated to one another or for an aircraft boarding bridge or aircraft passenger ramp according to claim 1, characterized in that the non-woven fabric (9) is designed as a non-woven lining fabric, as a fleece knit or as a non-woven flat fabric.

3. Canopy for an aisle (3) between two vehicles articulated to one another or for an aircraft boarding bridge or aircraft passenger ramp with bellows (6) according to claim 1, characterized in that the non-woven fabric (9) has a plurality of planar fabric layers (10, 11, 12).

4. Canopy for an aisle (3) between two vehicles hinged to one another or for an aircraft boarding bridge or aircraft passenger ramp with bellows (6) according to claim 3, characterized in that the planar fabric layers (10, 11, 12) are made and/or connected to one another in such a way that the non-woven fabric (9) can be subjected to different tensile forces in different directions.

5. Canopy for an aisle (3) between two vehicles articulated to one another or for an aircraft boarding bridge or aircraft passenger ramp with bellows (6) according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the individual planar fabric layers (10, 11, 12) have unidirectionally oriented filaments.

6. Canopy of an aisle (3) between two vehicles articulated to one another or of an aircraft boarding bridge or aircraft passenger ramp with bellows (6) according to claim 5, characterized in that the individual planar fabric layers (10, 11, 12) made of unidirectionally oriented filaments are superimposed on one another in the following manner: the filaments of the respective planar fabric layers (10, 11, 12) are angled with respect to each other.

7. An aisle (3) between two vehicles hinged to one another with a bellows (6) or a canopy of an aircraft boarding bridge or aircraft passenger ramp according to claim 1, characterised in that the filaments of the non-woven fabric (9) have different thicknesses.

8. An aisle (3) between two vehicles hinged to one another with a bellows (6) or a canopy of an aircraft boarding bridge or aircraft passenger ramp according to claim 3, characterised in that the filaments of the individual planar fabric layers (10, 11, 12) of the non-woven fabric (9) have different thicknesses.

9. An aisle (3) between two vehicles hinged to one another or an awning for an aircraft boarding bridge or an aircraft passenger ramp with bellows (6) according to claim 8, characterised in that at least one planar fabric layer (10, 11, 12) with filaments of greater thickness is embedded between at least two planar fabric layers (10, 11, 12) with filaments of lesser thickness.

10. Canopy for an aisle (3) between two vehicles articulated to one another or for an aircraft boarding bridge or aircraft passenger ramp with bellows (6) according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one outer elastomer coating (21, 22) of the material web (20) has perforations (26).

11. Canopy for an aisle (3) between two vehicles articulated to one another or for an aircraft boarding bridge or aircraft passenger ramp with bellows (6) according to claim 10, characterized in that the perforations (26) are designed as microperforations.

12. A shelter as claimed in claim 3 for a gangway (3) between two articulated vehicles or for an aircraft boarding bridge or passenger ramp with bellows (6), characterized in that the planar fabric layers (10, 11, 12) have filaments of different materials.

13. An aisle (3) between two vehicles hinged to one another with a bellows (6) or a canopy of an aircraft boarding bridge or of an aircraft passenger ramp according to claim 3, characterised in that the filaments of one and the same planar fabric layer (10, 11, 12) are made of different materials.