CN107001473B - 抗-运铁蛋白受体抗体及使用方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及抗‑运铁蛋白受体抗体及其使用方法。
Description
相关申请的交叉参考
本申请要求于2014年11月19日提交的美国临时申请号62/081,827的权益,其通过引用完全结合在本文中用于任何目的。
序列表
本申请提交了电子形式的序列表。序列表作为在2015年11月18日生成的命名为“2015-11-18_01146-0042-00PCT_ST25.txt”的文件提交,该文件大小为130,420字节。电子形式的序列表中的信息通过引用完全结合在本文中。
发明领域
本发明涉及抗-运铁蛋白受体抗体及其使用方法。
背景
大分子药物的脑渗透受到很大程度上不通透的血脑屏障(BBB)的严重限制。在克服这一障碍的多种策略中,有利用在脑毛细血管内皮中表达的内源受体的胞转运输途径。已经设计了针对这些受体的重组蛋白,如单克隆抗体,以允许大分子向脑部的受体介导的递送。已经提出了使脑摄入最大化同时使回到血液的反向胞转作用最小化并且还使治疗给药后的积聚程度最大化的策略,这通过下述发现而得以解决,即具有低BBB受体亲和力的抗体相对于典型的针对此类受体的高亲和力抗体提供实质上增加缔合的治疗结构部分/分子的BBB运输和CNS滞留的潜力(Atwal等人,Sci.Transl.Med.3,84ra43(2011);Yu等人,Sci.Transl.Med.2011年5月25日:Vol.3,Issue 84,p.84ra44)。然而,那些抗体不特异性结合人和灵长类TfR。
概述
单克隆抗体具有用于治疗神经学或中枢神经系统(CNS)疾病的巨大治疗潜力,但是血脑屏障(BBB)限制其进入脑部。过去的研究显示非常小百分比(约0.1%)的在血流中循环的IgG穿过BBB进入CNS(Felgenhauer,Klin.Wschr.52:1158-1164(1974)),其中该抗体的CNS浓度可能不足以允许稳健的效果。之前发现,可以通过开发BBB受体(即运铁蛋白受体、胰岛素受体等)来提高分布至CNS中的抗体的百分比(参见,例如,WO9502421)。例如,可以使抗-BBB受体抗体为多特异性的以靶向CNS中的一个或多个所需抗原,或者一个或多个异源分子可以与抗-BBB受体抗体偶联;在任何一种情况下,抗-BBB受体抗体可以辅助治疗性分子穿过BBB向CNS中递送。
然而,用传统特异性的高亲和力抗体靶向BBB受体通常引起有限的BBB转运增加。申请人后来发现,在研究的抗-BBB抗体中,摄取到和分布在CNS中的抗体的数量与其对BBB受体的结合亲和力反相关。例如,相对于更高亲和力的抗-TfR抗体,以治疗剂量水平给药的针对运铁蛋白受体(TfR)的低亲和力的抗体大幅提高了抗-TfR抗体的BBB转运和CNS滞留,并且可以在CNS中更容易地获得治疗浓度(Atwal等人,Sci.Transl.Med.3,84ra43(2011))。使用双特异性抗体获得了这种BBB转运的证据,所述双特异性抗体结合TfR和淀粉状蛋白前体蛋白(APP)切割酶β-分泌酶(BACE1)两者。与单独的单特异性抗-BACE1相比,使用本发明的方法改造的双特异性抗-TfR/BACE1抗体的单次全身给药不仅导致在脑中显著的抗体摄取,而且还显著地降低脑Aβ1-40水平,这表明BBB穿透性影响抗-BACEl的效力。(Atwal等人,Sci.Transl.Med.3,84ra43(2011);Yu等人,Sci.Transl.Med.3,84ra44(2011))。
那些数据和实验突出显示了使用较低亲和力抗体的方法增加抗体被摄取到CNS中的若干成因机制。第一,高亲和力抗-BBB受体(BBB-R)抗体(例如,抗-TfRA,其来自Atwal等人和Yu等人,同前所述)通过快速地使在脑血管系统中的BBB-R饱和来限制脑摄取,因此减少摄取到脑中的抗体的总量并且还限制其分布至血管系统中。惊人地,降低对BBB-R的亲和力提高脑摄取和分布,观察到从血管系统到分布在CNS中的神经元和相关的神经毡的定位的明显移动。第二,提出抗体对BBB-R的较低的亲和力消弱了抗体通过BBB-R从BBB的CNS侧回到该膜的血管侧的能力,因为抗体对BBB-R的整体亲和力低并且由于抗体快速扩散到CNS区室(compartment)中而使抗体在BBB的CNS侧的局部浓度是不饱和的。第三,在体内,以及如对于TfR系统所观察到的,对BBB-R具有较低亲和力的抗体不会像对BBB-R具有较高亲和力的那些抗体那样被有效地从系统中清除,并且因此与其较高亲和力的对应物相比保持在较高的循环浓度。这是有优势的,因为较低亲和力抗体的循环抗体水平被维持在治疗水平的时间比较高亲和力抗体的时间更长,这因此在更长的时间内提高脑对抗体的摄取。此外,在血浆和脑暴露方面的这种提高可以降低临床用药的频率,这将具有潜在的益处,不仅是对于患者顺从性和方便性,而且还在于减轻抗体和/或与其相偶联的治疗性化合物的任何潜在的副作用或者脱靶(off-target)效应。
选择/改造以上引用的工作中描述的低亲和力BBB-R抗体,以避免干扰运铁蛋白与TfR之间的天然结合,并且因此避免潜在的铁转运相关的副作用。然而,在小鼠中施用这些抗体中的一些时,观察到一些明显的副作用。小鼠显示出网织红细胞群的明显消耗的初级反应,伴随着迅速发作的急性临床症状。尽管小鼠及时地从急性临床症状和降低的网织红细胞水平两者中恢复,对于能够安全地用作治疗性分子的抗-TfR抗体来说,显然需要避免或减轻这种对网织红细胞的影响。发现针对抗-TfR给药的主要反应(明显的网织红细胞消耗和急性临床迹象)很大部分上由抗体的抗体依赖性细胞介导的细胞毒性(ADCC)活性驱动,而剩余的网织红细胞消耗作用由补体途径调节。
这些之前的研究利用特异性结合小鼠TfR但是不特异性识别灵长类或人TfR的小鼠抗体。因此,本发明提供确实特异性识别灵长类和人TfR二者的抗体及其功能部分,以促进在人中治疗或诊断应用之前使用所述抗体在灵长类中的安全性和功效研究。使用用本发明的抗人TfR抗体处理的人成红细胞系和原代骨髓细胞的体外研究证明在人/灵长类细胞系统中也可以观察到如在小鼠中的强烈的TfR-阳性红细胞消耗(例如,参见实施例4)。因此,本发明还提供对本发明的抗体的修饰,以极大地减少或消除在抗-TfR施用时TfR-表达网织红细胞群体的不必要的减少,同时仍然允许由以治疗浓度施用的抗-人/灵长类TfR抗体提供的增强的BBB转运、增加的CNS分布和CNS滞留。本发明提供了几种减轻观察到的本发明的抗-TfR抗体对主要的和残留的网织红细胞消耗的影响的通用方法,并且可以单独或组合使用。
在一种方法中,降低或消除抗-人/食蟹猴(cyno)TfR抗体的效应子功能,以便降低或消除ADCC活性。在另一种方法中,进一步降低抗-人/食蟹猴TfR抗体对人或灵长类TfR的亲和力,以使得抗体与网织红细胞群的相互作用对所述群的损害小。第三种方法涉及减少血浆中存在的抗-人/食蟹猴TfR抗体的量,以减少网织红细胞群暴露于潜在有害浓度的抗体。第四种方法寻求保护、稳定和/或补充网织红细胞群,以使得避免、降低或减轻由抗-人/食蟹猴TfR抗体施用引起的循环或骨髓中网织红细胞群的任何潜在消耗。
如在本文中所描述的,效应子功能降低或消除可以通过下列方式实现:(i)降低或消除抗体的野生型哺乳动物糖基化,(例如,通过在不能发生这种糖基化的环境中产生抗体,通过使一种或多种碳水化合物附着点突变以使得抗体不能被糖基化,或者通过以化学方式或酶方式从抗体中在其已经糖基化后移除一种或多种碳水化合物);(ii)通过降低或消除抗-人/食蟹猴TfR抗体的Fc受体结合能力(例如,通过Fc区的突变、Fc区内的缺失或Fc区的消除);或者(iii)通过利用已知具有最小或不具有效应子功能的抗体同种型(即包括但不限于IgG4)。
如在本文中所描述的,通过降低或消除抗-人/食蟹猴TfR抗体的C1q结合能力(例如,通过Fc区的突变、Fc区内的缺失或Fc区的消除,或者通过修饰抗-人/食蟹猴TfR抗体的非Fc部分),或者通过其它方式抑制补体系统的活化或活性(例如,通过共同施用一种或多种补体通路活化或补体通路活性抑制剂),可以实现降低抗体补体活化。
当抗-人/食蟹猴TfR抗体与网织红细胞或其他表达高水平TfR的细胞类型上的人或食蟹猴TfR的结合诱发其消耗时,如使用本文中示例的抗-人/食蟹猴TfR抗体,减少抗体与网织红细胞或其他细胞类型上的人或食蟹猴TfR的结合应进而降低在抗体施用时观察到的网织红细胞或其他细胞类型在循环或骨髓中消耗的量。可以使用在本文中所描述的和如在实施例中所示的任何方法来改变抗-人/食蟹猴TfR抗体对灵长类或人TfR的亲和力。
可以以多种方式实现减少血浆中存在的抗-人/食蟹猴TfR抗体的量,以便减少网织红细胞群暴露于潜在有害浓度的抗体。一种方法是,简单地降低用药的抗体的量,潜在地同时还增加用药频率,以便降低血浆中的最大浓度,但是维持对于功效来说足够的血清水平,同时仍然低于细胞消耗副作用的阈值。可以与给药改进组合的另一种方法是,选择或改造具有与TfR的pH-敏感性结合的抗-TfR抗体,以使得其在pH 7.4以如在本文中所描述的所需的低亲和力结合至血浆中的细胞表面TfR,但是在内在化至内体区室时,在所述区室的相对较低的pH(pH 5.5-6.0),这种与TfR的结合迅速并且明显减少。这种解离可以保护抗体免于抗原介导的清除,或者增加递送至CNS或穿过BBB回收的抗体的量----在任何一种情况下,抗体的有效浓度相对于不包含这种pH灵敏度的抗-TfR抗体增加,而不增加抗体的施用剂量,并且又潜在地允许伴随较低副作用风险的更低的抗体剂量。
可以使用药物或物理方法实现保护、稳定和/或补充网织红细胞群。除了抗-人/食蟹猴TfR抗体之外,可以共同施用(同时或先后)减轻抗体对网织红细胞群的不利的副作用的至少一种另外的治疗剂。这种治疗剂的实例包括,但不限于,促红细胞生成素(EPO)、铁补充物、维生素C、叶酸、和维生素B12。还可以通过,例如,用可以来自具有相似血型的另一个体或可以之前已经从被施用抗-人/食蟹猴TfR抗体的受试者中提取的相似细胞输血,进行红细胞(即网织红细胞)的物理替代。
本领域普通技术人员将会理解,可以采用前述方法的任何组合以改造抗体(和/或其剂量方案),在下列各项之间达到最佳平衡:(i)将使抗体和任何缀合化合物向CNS中的转运最大化的对灵长类或人TfR的所需的低亲和力;(ii)缀合化合物对其CNS抗原的亲和力(包括作为非限制性实例的抗-人/食蟹猴TfR抗体中的第二或另外的抗原结合特异性),因为这与需要在CNS中存在以具有治疗效果的化合物的量相关;(iii)抗-人/食蟹猴TfR抗体的清除率;(iv)抗-TfR/缀合的化合物在低pH的不稳定性促进在BBB的CNS/脑侧的所述缀合的化合物的释放,以及(v)对网织红细胞群的影响。
还将会理解的是,抗-TfR抗体施用的在本文中认识到的网织红细胞消耗作用可以用于在其中网织红细胞的过度增殖是问题的任何疾病或病症的治疗。例如,在先天性红细胞增多症(congenital polycythemia)或肿瘤性真性红细胞增多症(neoplasticpolycythemia vera)中,归因于例如网织红细胞的过度增殖的升高的红细胞计数导致血液变稠和伴随的生理症状。其中保留抗体的至少部分效应子功能的本发明的抗-人/食蟹猴TfR抗体的施用将允许未成熟网织红细胞群的选择性移除,而不影响向CNS中的正常运铁蛋白转运。如在本领域中所熟知的,可以调节这种抗体的用药以使得可以最小化急性临床症状(即以非常低的剂量或以宽范围的间隔用药)。
抗-TfR/BACE1和抗-TfR/Aβ都是用于治疗阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer’s disease)的有前途的和新型的候选治疗剂。此外,基于受体介导的转运(RMT)的双特异性靶向技术为用于CNS疾病的宽范围的潜在治疗剂打开了大门。本发明提供改造BBB-渗透性治疗剂的方法,该方法极大提高治疗剂的跨BBB转运和CNS分布而没有网织红细胞的消耗。
因此,在第一个实施方案中,本发明提供结合人运铁蛋白受体(TfR)和灵长类TfR的分离的抗体,其中所述抗体不抑制运铁蛋白与TfR的结合。在一个方面中,所述结合是特异性结合。在另一个方面中,所述抗体还不抑制人血色病蛋白(“HFE”)与TfR的结合。在一些方面中,所述结合是特异性结合。在一些方面中,所述抗体是单克隆抗体。在另一个方面中,所述抗体是人抗体。在另一个方面中,所述抗体是人源化抗体。在另一个方面中,所述抗体是嵌合抗体。在另一个方面中,所述抗体是结合人TfR和灵长类TfR的抗体片段。在另一个方面中,所述灵长类TfR来自食蟹猴(cynomolgous monkey)。
在本文所述的任一个实施方案中,所述抗体包含SEQ ID NO:158或159的重链可变区(VH)序列。在本文所述的任一个实施方案中,所述抗体还包含SEQ ID NO:162或163的轻链可变区(VL)序列。在一些实施方案中,所述抗体包含SEQ ID NO:158的重链可变区氨基酸序列和SEQ ID NO:162的轻链可变区氨基酸序列,或SEQ ID NO:159的重链可变区氨基酸序列和SEQ ID NO:163的轻链可变区氨基酸序列。
在上述实施方案的一些方面中,抗体与治疗化合物偶联。在上述实施方案的另一个方面中,抗体与显像剂或标记偶联。在一个这样的方面中,抗体是多特异性抗体,并且所述治疗化合物任选地形成所述多特异性抗体的一部分。在一个这样的方面中,多特异性抗体包含结合TfR的第一抗原结合位点和结合脑抗原的第二抗原结合位点。在一个这样的方面中,所述脑抗原选自由下述组成的组:β-分泌酶1(BACE1),Aβ,表皮生长因子受体(EGFR),人表皮生长因子受体2(HER2),tau,脱脂载脂蛋白E(ApoE),α-突触核蛋白,CD20,亨廷顿蛋白,朊病毒蛋白(PrP),富含亮氨酸的重复的激酶2(LRRK2),帕金蛋白(parkin),早老蛋白1,早老蛋白2,γ分泌酶,死亡受体6(DR6),淀粉样蛋白前体蛋白(APP),p75神经营养蛋白受体(p75NTR)和胱天蛋白酶6。在另一个这样的方面中,所述多特异性抗体结合TfR和BACE1二者。在另一个这样的方面中,所述多特异性抗体结合TfR和Aβ二者。在另一个这样的方面中,所述治疗化合物是神经系统疾病(neurological disorder)药物。
在一些实施方案中,所述多特异性抗体包含含有SEQ ID NO:160的序列的第一重链和含有SEQ ID NO:161的序列的第一轻链。
在上述实施方案的一些方面中,本发明提供编码任意前述抗体的分离的核酸。在另一个方面中,本发明提供包含所述核酸的宿主细胞。在另一个方面中,本发明提供制备任意前述抗体的方法,所述方法包括培养所述宿主细胞,以产生所述抗体,并且任选地还包括从所述宿主细胞回收所述抗体。
在上述实施方案的一些方面中,本发明提供包含任意前述抗体和药用载体的药物制剂。
在上述实施方案的一些方面中,本发明提供任意前述抗体,其用作药物。在上述实施方案的另一个方面中,本发明提供任意前述抗体在制备用于治疗神经系统疾病的药物中的应用。在一个这样的方面中,所述神经系统疾病选自由下述组成的组:神经病病症(neuropathy disorder),神经变性疾病(neurodegenerative disease),癌症,眼病病症(ocular disease disorder),癫痫发作病症(seizure disorder),溶酶体贮积症(lysosomal storage disease),淀粉样变性(amyloidosis),病毒或微生物疾病,缺血(ischemia),行为障碍(behavioral disorder),和CNS炎症。
在上述实施方案的另一个方面中,本发明提供任意前述抗体,其用于治疗神经系统疾病。在一个这样的方面中,所述神经系统疾病选自由下述组成的组:神经病病症,神经变性疾病,癌症,眼病病症,癫痫发作病症,溶酶体贮积症,淀粉样变性,病毒或微生物疾病,缺血,行为障碍,和CNS炎症。
在上述实施方案的另一个方面中,本发明提供任意前述抗体,其用于运输一种或多种化合物穿过BBB。在上述实施方案的另一个方面中,提供任意前述抗体在制备用于运输一种或多种化合物穿过BBB的药物中的用途。
在上述实施方案的一些方面中,提供一种穿过受试者中的BBB运输化合物的方法,所述方法包括将任意前述抗体暴露于BBB,以使所述抗体将与其偶联的化合物运输穿过BBB。在另一个这样的方面中,所述BBB是在人受试者中的。在另一个这样的方面中,调节施用的剂量和/或频率以减少红细胞所暴露的抗体浓度。在另一个这样的方面中,所述方法还包括监测受试者的红细胞消耗的步骤。在另一个这样的方面中,以治疗剂量施用与所述化合物偶联的抗体。在一个这样的方面中,所述治疗剂量是TfR-饱和的。在另一个这样的方面中,抗体的施用以校正的剂量和/或剂量频率进行,以使抗体施用的急性临床症状最小化。
在上述实施方案的另一个方面中,提供增加受试者的CNS对化合物的暴露的方法,所述方法包括将任意前述抗体暴露于BBB,以使所述抗体将与其偶联的化合物运输穿过BBB。在另一个这样的方面中,所述BBB是在人受试者中的。在另一个这样的方面中,调节施用的剂量和/或频率以减少红细胞所暴露的抗体浓度。在另一个这样的方面中,所述方法还包括监测受试者的红细胞消耗的步骤。在另一个这样的方面中,以治疗剂量施用与所述化合物偶联的抗体。在一个这样的方面中,所述治疗剂量是TfR-饱和的。在另一个这样的方面中,抗体的施用以校正的剂量和/或剂量频率进行,以使抗体施用的急性临床症状最小化。
在上述实施方案的一些方面中,提供增加施用给受试者的化合物在CNS中的滞留的方法,所述方法包括将任意前述抗体暴露于BBB,以增加所述化合物在CNS中的滞留。在另一个这样的方面中,所述BBB是在人受试者中的。在另一个这样的方面中,调节施用的剂量和/或频率以减少红细胞所暴露的抗体浓度。在另一个这样的方面中,所述方法还包括监测受试者的红细胞消耗的步骤。在另一个这样的方面中,以治疗剂量施用与所述化合物偶联的抗体。在一个这样的方面中,所述治疗剂量是TfR-饱和的。在另一个这样的方面中,抗体的施用以校正的剂量和/或剂量频率进行,以使抗体施用的急性临床症状最小化。
在上述实施方案的一些方面中,提供治疗哺乳动物中的神经系统疾病的方法,所述方法包括用任意前述抗体治疗所述哺乳动物。在一个这样的方面中,所述神经系统疾病选自由下述组成的组:神经病病症,神经变性疾病,癌症,眼病病症,癫痫发作病症,溶酶体贮积症,淀粉样变性,病毒或微生物疾病,缺血,行为障碍,和CNS炎症。在另一个这样的方面中,所述神经系统疾病是在人受试者中的。在另一个这样的方面中,调节施用的剂量和/或频率以减少红细胞所暴露的抗体浓度。在另一个这样的方面中,所述方法还包括监测受试者的红细胞消耗的步骤。在另一个这样的方面中,以治疗剂量施用与所述化合物偶联的抗体。在一个这样的方面中,所述治疗剂量是TfR-饱和的。在另一个这样的方面中,抗体的施用以校正的剂量和/或剂量频率进行,以使抗体施用的急性临床症状最小化。
在另一个实施方案中,本发明提供结合人TfR和灵长类TfR的分离的抗体,其中所述抗体不抑制运铁蛋白与TfR的结合,并且其中所述抗体的一种或多种特性被修饰以减少或消除所述抗体对网织红细胞的影响和/或减少用所述抗体治疗的受试者或哺乳动物中的急性临床症状的严重性或存在。在一些方面中,所述结合是特异性结合。在另一个方面中,所述抗体还不抑制HFE与TfR的结合。在一些方面中,所述抗体是单克隆抗体。在另一个方面中,所述抗体是人抗体。在另一个方面中,所述抗体是人源化抗体。在另一个方面中,所述抗体是嵌合抗体。在另一个方面中,所述抗体是结合人TfR和灵长类TfR的抗体片段。在另一个方面中,所述灵长类TfR来自食蟹猴。
在上述实施方案的一些方面中,所述抗体的所述一种或多种特性选自抗体Fc区的效应子功能、抗体的补体活化功能和抗体针对TfR的亲和力。在一个这样的方面中,所述特性是抗体Fc区的效应子功能。在另一个这样的方面中,所述特性是抗体的补体活化功能。在另一个这样的方面中,所述特性是抗体针对TfR的亲和力。在一个这样的方面中,相对于相同同种型的野生型抗体,所述效应子功能或补体活化功能被减少或消除。在一些方面中,所述效应子功能通过选自下述的方法被减少或消除:减少抗体的糖基化,将抗体的同种型修饰为天然减少或消除效应子功能的同种型,和修饰Fc区。
在一个这样的方面中,通过减少抗体的糖基化而减少或消除效应子功能。在一个这样的方面中,通过选自下述的方法减少所述抗体的糖基化:在不允许野生型糖基化的环境中产生所述抗体;去除所述抗体中已经存在的碳水化合物基团;以及修饰所述抗体,以使野生型糖基化不发生。在一个这样的方面中,所述抗体的糖基化通过在不允许野生型糖基化的环境中产生所述抗体而减少,诸如在非哺乳动物细胞制备系统中产生或合成制备抗体的环境中。在一个这样的方面中,抗体在非哺乳动物细胞制备系统中产生。在另一个这样的方面中,抗体是合成产生的。在另一个这样的方面中,通过修饰抗体以使野生型糖基化不发生而减少抗体的糖基化,诸如其中抗体的Fc区包含位置297的突变,以使在该位置的野生型天冬酰胺残基被干扰在该位置的糖基化的另一种氨基酸替换。
在另一个这样的方面中,通过Fc区的至少一个修饰而减少或消除效应子功能。在一个这样的方面中,效应子功能或补体活化功能通过缺失全部或部分的Fc区或通过改造所述抗体以使其不包含胜任效应子功能或补体活化功能的Fc区或非Fc区域而被减少或消除。在另一个这样的方面中,所述Fc区的至少一个修饰选自:选自下述位置的削弱与一种或多种Fc受体的结合的Fc区点突变:238,239,248,249,252,254,265,268,269,270,272,278,289,292,293,294,295,296,297,298,301,303,322,324,327,329,333,335,338,340,373,376,382,388,389,414,416,419,434,435,437,438和439;选自下述位置的削弱与C1q的结合的Fc区点突变:270,322,329和321;消除一些或全部的Fc区,以及在CH1结构域位置132的点突变。在一个这样的方面中,所述修饰是选自下述位置的削弱与C1q的结合的Fc区的点突变:270,322,329和321。在另一个这样的方面中,所述修饰是消除一些或全部的Fc区。在另一个这样的方面中,补体引发功能通过缺失全部或部分的Fc区或通过改造所述抗体以使其不包含参与补体途径的Fc区而被减少或消除。在一个这样的方面中,抗体选自Fab或单链抗体。在另一个这样的方面中,修饰抗体的非Fc区,以减少或消除所述抗体对补体途径的激活。在一个这样的方面中,所述修饰是削弱与C3的结合的CH1区点突变。在一个这样的方面中,所述点突变在位置132(例如,参见Vidarte等人,(2001)J.Biol.Chem.276(41):38217-38223)。
在一些方面中,通过FcRn结合区中的修饰而增加抗体的半衰期。在一些方面中,所述修饰是选自下述位置的氨基酸置换:251256,285,290,308,314,385,389,428,434,436,238,265,272,286,303,305,307,311,312,317,340,356,360,362,376,378,380,382,413,424或434。在一些方面中,所述修饰是选自下述的置换:M252Y,S254T,T256E,N434A和Y436I。
在一些方面中,所述抗体与减少或有助于减少对网织红细胞水平的影响或急性临床症状的另一种化合物组合。在一个这样的方面中,所述另一种化合物保护网织红细胞免受抗体相关的消耗或支持网织红细胞的生长、发育或重建。在另一个这样的方面中,所述另一种化合物选自促红细胞生成素(EPO)、铁补充物、维生素C、叶酸和维生素B12,或是红细胞或网织红细胞。
在上述实施方案的一些方面中,如相对于不具有减少的针对TfR的亲和力的相同同种型的野生型抗体测量的,所述抗体针对TfR的亲和力减小。在一个这样的方面中,所述抗体具有约1pM至约100μM、或约10nM至100nM、或约20nM至100nM的针对TfR的KD或IC50。在另一个方面中,调节抗体的剂量量和/或施用频率,以减少红细胞暴露的抗体浓度。
在另一个实施方案中,提供减少施用给受试者的化合物的清除的方法,其中所述化合物偶联到具有针对TfR的低亲和力的抗体上,以减少所述化合物的清除,并且其中所述受试者中红细胞水平在化合物偶联的抗体施用给所述受试者时的减少被降低或消除。
在另一个实施方案中,提供最优化在受试者的CNS中有效的化合物的药代动力学和/或药效学的方法,其中所述化合物偶联到以低亲和力结合TfR的抗体上,并且选择所述抗体,以使在偶联到所述化合物后其对TfR的亲和力导致一定量的与所述化合物缀合的抗体运输穿过BBB,这最优化所述化合物在CNS中的药代动力学和/或药效学,其中所述受试者中红细胞水平在向所述受试者施用化合物偶联的抗体时的减少被减小或消除。
应该理解,本发明的任意前述方法和组合物可以互相组合和/或与本文说明书中所述的本发明其他方面组合。
附图简述
图1显示基于pdb文件3SM9的与Tf复合的TfR二聚体的三维晶体结构。标记了TfR的非-Tf-结合顶端区域。
图2A-2B显示在1μM人全-Tf(holo-Tf)的存在下结合在293细胞中瞬时表达的人和食蟹猴TfR的小鼠杂交瘤亲本克隆上清的FACS分析。除非另外指明,每幅图中填充的灰色痕迹是来自检测抗体的背景,中等灰色痕迹是与内源性表达基底水平的人TfR的293细胞的结合,粗黑色痕迹表示与瞬时表达的人TfR的结合,并且浅灰色痕迹表示与瞬时表达的食蟹猴TfR的结合。
图2C显示如实施例1所述的人/食蟹猴交叉反应性抗体竞争测定的结果。发现十四个克隆中有九个阻断展示在噬菌体上的顶端结合抗体的结合。
图3A-1,3A-2,3B-1,3B-2,3C-1,3C-2,3D-1和3D-2显示与TfR的顶端和非顶端区域结合的杂交瘤克隆的重链和轻链可变区序列。所述序列通过表位和序列相似性可以进一步细分为I-III类(顶端结合剂)和IV类(非顶端结合剂)。按照Kabat的HVR用下划线表示。
图4A-1,4A-2,4B-1,4B-2,4C-1,4C-2,4D-1和4D-2显示关于(A)15G11,(B)7A4/8A2,(C)7G7和(D)16F6的人源化序列的比对。将每个小鼠轻或重可变结构域序列(第二行)与最接近的人种系或共有可变结构域(第一行)比对。每种抗体的人源化版本显示在下方(第三行)。用阴影画出与人种系或共有序列的区别。将移接到人构架上的HVR序列框出。显示按照Kabat的CDR定义。
图4E-1和4E-2显示关于抗体的I-III类组,在FR的一个或多个残基处具有修饰的抗体的变体形式保留亲和力和结合特异性。
图5显示在6.3μM全-Tf的存在下hu7A4.v15、hu15G11.v5和hu7G7.v1与huTfR的结合。显示在存在(空心的符号和虚线)或不存在(实心符号和实线)6.3μM全-Tf的条件下抗体与固定的huTfR的结合。
图6A-B显示实施例1所述的HFE-HuTfR结合和HFE阻断测定的结果。图6A显示抗体对通过固定的HFE捕获的增加浓度的huTfR的结合。图6B显示在增加浓度的抗体的存在下huTfR与固定的HFE的结合。
图7A-B显示15G11.v5和7A4.v5IgG和Fab Ala变体对食蟹猴和人TfR的结合测定,这证明每种抗体的CDR-L3和CDR-H3中的Ala突变对针对固定的人或食蟹猴TfR的亲和力的影响,如作为IgG通过ELISA结合和作为IgG或Fab通过SPR分析测定的,如实施例2所述。
图8A-B和图9A-B显示在原代人骨髓单核细胞中或在人成红细胞系中测定效应子功能状态对抗-人TfR(“抗-hTFR”)抗体的ADCC活性的影响的实验的结果,实验如在实施例4中所述。
图10显示实施例5所述的灵长类研究的给药和取样方案。
图11A-11B显示在实施例5中所述的实验的药代动力学结果,具体地,在以30mg/kg在食蟹猴中单次IV推注施用后随时间血清中(图11A)和CSF中(图11B)个体或组平均抗-TfR1/BACE1、抗-TfR2/BACE1和抗-gD血清浓度。
图12A-12E显示实施例5所述的实验的药效学结果,具体地,在食蟹猴中以30mg/kg单次IV推注施用后随时间的个体和组平均抗-TfR1/BACE1、抗-TfR2/BACE1和抗-gD血浆(A)或CSF(B-E)浓度。上图显示血浆(图12A)和CSF(图12B)中的Aβ1-40水平,而下图显示随时间的可溶APPα水平(图12C),可溶APPβ水平(图12D)和sAPPβ/sAPPα比例(图12E)。
图13A-13D显示在实施例5所述的研究过程中进行的血液学取样的结果。在每个所示的时间点,使用标准技术测量总网织红细胞(图13A)、红细胞(图13B)、血红蛋白(图13D)和总网织红细胞集合中不成熟网织红细胞的百分数(图13C)。
图14显示实施例6所述的灵长类研究的给药和取样方案。
图15A-15B显示实施例6所述的实验的药效学结果(A)和脑抗体浓度(B)。具体地,图15A显示在食蟹猴中以30mg/kg单次IV推注施用后CSF中随时间的个体和组平均抗-TfR1/BACE1、抗-TfR2/BACE1、抗-gD和sAPPβ/sAPPα的抗-BACE1定量。图15B显示在给药后24小时不同脑区域中抗体的个体抗-TfR1/BACE1、抗-TfR2/BACE1、抗-gD和抗-BACE1浓度。
图16A-B显示从初次用于实验的天然多样性噬菌体展示文库种类获得的抗-BACE1克隆YW412.8的轻链和重链氨基酸序列以及YW412.8的亲和力成熟形式。图16A显示可变轻链(VL)序列比对(SEQ ID NOs.132-137)。图16B显示可变重链(VH)序列比对(SEQ IDNos.138-139)。在这两幅图中,每个克隆的HVR序列用框出区域表示,第一个框表示HVR-L1(图16A)或HVR-H1(图16B),第二个框表示HVR-L2(图16A)或HVR-H2(图16B),并且第三个框表示HVR-L3(图16A)或HVR-H3(图16B)。
图17A-B显示从首次用于实验的合成多样性噬菌体展示文库种类获得的抗-BACE1抗体克隆Fab 12的轻链和重链氨基酸序列以及Fab 12的亲和力成熟形式。图17A显示轻链序列比对(SEQ ID NOs.140-143)。图17B显示重链序列比对(SEQ ID NO.144)。在这两幅图中,每个克隆的HVR序列用框出区域表示,第一个框表示HVR-L1(图17A)或HVR-H1(图17B),第二个框表示HVR-L2(图17A)或HVR-H2(图17B),并且第三个框表示HVR-L3(图17A)或HVR-H3(图17B)。
图18A-B显示示例性的抗-Aβ抗体的重链(图18A;SEQ ID NO.145)和轻链(图18B;SEQ ID NO.146)。
图19显示实施例5所述的抗-TfR1/BACE1、抗-Tfr52A/BACE1和抗-TfR53A/BACE1的药代动力学特性。
图20显示实施例7所述的具有Fc效应子功能LALAPG突变的鼠IgG2a抗-TfRD/BACE1和抗-gD抗体的药代动力学特性。
图21显示如实施例7所述在施用50mg/kg剂量的具有Fc效应子功能LALAPG突变的鼠IgG2a抗-TfRD/BACE1和抗-gD抗体后24小时在小鼠中的总网织红细胞计数和不成熟网织红细胞计数。
图22显示如实施例8所述在敲入人运铁蛋白受体的小鼠中施用50mg/kg剂量的抗-TfR52A/BACE1(N297G)、抗-TfR52A/BACE1(LALAPG)、抗-TfR52A/BACE1(LALAPG/YTE)、TfR52A/BACE1(LALAPG/AI)抗体后24小时小鼠中的总网织红细胞计数。
图23显示如实施例8所述,在原代人骨髓单核细胞或在人成红细胞系中评估效应子功能状态对抗-TfR/gD、抗-TfR/BACE1(N297G)、抗-TfR/BACE1(LALAPG)、抗-TfR/BACE1(N297G/434A/436I)和抗-TfR/BACE1(LALAPG/YTE)抗体的ADCC活性的影响的实验的结果。
图24显示1511Gv.5的重链和轻链可变区序列(轻链-SEQ ID NO:152和重链-SEQID NO:108)以及下述亲和力变体的重链和轻链可变区序列:15G11.52A(轻链-SEQ ID NO:152和重链-SEQ ID NO:153),15G11.53A(轻链-SEQ ID NO:152和重链-SEQ ID NO:154)和15G11.92A(轻链-SEQ ID NO:151和重链-SEQ ID NO:108)。按照Kabat的HVR用下划线表示。
图25显示如实施例1所述的15G11v.5和抗-TfRC12之间的竞争测定。
发明实施方案详述
1.定义
“亲和力”是指分子(例如抗体)的单一结合位点与其结合配偶体(例如抗原)之间全部非共价相互作用总和的强度。除非另有说明,在用于本文时,“结合亲和力”指反映结合对的成员(例如抗体与抗原)之间1∶1相互作用的内在结合亲和力。分子X对其配偶体Y的亲和力通常可用解离常数(KD,其是X从Y的解离速率(kd或Koff)与X同Y结合速率(ka或kon)的比例)来表示。关于一种或多种抗体针对其靶标的亲和力的替代测量是其半最大抑制浓度(IC50),这是抑制已知的配体与抗体靶标的50%的结合需要多少抗体的测量。亲和力可通过本领域知晓的常用方法来测量,包括本文中所描述的那些。在本文中记述了用于测量结合亲合力的具体说明性和示例性实施方案。“血脑屏障”或者“BBB”是指外周循环与脑和脊髓(即CNS)之间的生理屏障,其由脑毛细管内皮质膜内的紧密连接形成,产生限制分子(甚至非常小的分子如尿素(60道尔顿))转运到脑中的紧密屏障。脑内的血-脑屏障,脊髓内的血-脊髓屏障,和视网膜内的血-视网膜屏障是CNS内的相连的毛细管屏障,并且在本文中被统称为血脑屏障或者BBB。BBB还包括血-CSF屏障(脉络丛),其中所述屏障由室管膜细胞而不是毛细管内皮细胞组成。
术语“淀粉样蛋白β”、“β-淀粉样蛋白”、“Abeta”、“淀粉样蛋白β”和“Aβ”在本文中可互换使用,是指当β-分泌酶1(“BACE1”)切割APP时产生的淀粉样蛋白前体蛋白(“APP”)的片段,以及其修饰、片段和任意功能等价物,其包括,但不限于,Aβ1-40和Aβ1-42。已知Aβ以单体形式存在,并且缔合形成寡聚体和原纤维结构,可以发现其是淀粉样蛋白斑的组成成员。此类Aβ肽的结构和序列是本领域普通技术人员所公知的,并且,例如,在Glenner和Wong,Biochem Biophys Res.Comm.129:885-890(1984)中记载了产生所述肽或从脑和其他组织中提取所述肽的方法。此外,Aβ肽也可以以各种形式商购获得。
“抗-Aβ免疫球蛋白”、“抗-Aβ抗体”和“结合Aβ的抗体”在本文可互换使用,并且是指与人Aβ特异性结合的抗体。抗-Aβ抗体的非限制性实例是crenezumab。抗-Aβ抗体的其他非限制性实例是solanezumab,bapineuzumab,gantenerumab,aducanumab,ponezumab,和在下述公布中公开的任意的抗-Aβ抗体:WO2000162801,WO2002046237,WO2002003911,WO2003016466,WO2003016467,WO2003077858,WO2004029629,WO2004032868,WO2004032868,WO2004108895,WO2005028511,WO2006039470,WO2006036291,WO2006066089,WO2006066171,WO2006066049,WO2006095041,WO2009027105。
术语“crenezumab”和“MABT5102A”在本文可互换使用,并且是指结合单体、寡聚体和原纤维形式的Aβ的特异性抗-Aβ抗体,并且其与CAS登记号1095207相关。在一些实施方案中,所述抗体包含包含图18A和18B中所示的序列。
“脱脂载脂蛋白E4载体”或“ApoE4载体”可与“脱脂载脂蛋白E4阳性”或“ApoE4阳性”互换使用,是指具有至少一个脱脂载脂蛋白E4(或“ApoE4”)等位基因的个体。具有零个ApoE4等位基因的个体在本文中称为是“ApoE4阴性”或“非ApoE4载体”。还参见Prekumar,等人,1996,Am.J Pathol.148∶2083-95。
术语“大脑血管源性水肿(cerebral vasogenic edema)”是指脑细胞内或细胞外空间中血管内流体或蛋白的过量积聚。例如,大脑血管源性水肿可通过脑MRI进行检测,其包括但不限于FLAIR MRI,并且可以是无症状的(“无症状性血管源性水肿”)或与神经学症状相关,如意识错乱(confusion),头晕(dizziness),呕吐(vomiting),和昏睡(lethargy)(“症状性血管源性水肿”)(参见Sperling等人,Alzheimer’s&Dementia,7:367,2011)。
术语“大脑大出血”是指直径大于约1cm的区域的颅内出血或脑中流血。大脑大出血可以通过例如脑MRI(其包括但不限于T2*-加权GRE MRI)进行检测,并且可以是无症状的(“无症状性大出血”)或与诸如暂时或永久性局部运动或感觉损伤、共济失调(ataxia)、失语症(aphasia)和构音困难(dysarthria)的症状相关(“症状性大出血”)(例如,参见Chalela JA,Gomes J.Expert Rev.Neurother.20044:267,2004和Sperling等人Alzheimer’s&Dementia,7:367,2011)。
术语“大脑微出血(cerebral microhemorrhage)”是指是指直径小于约1cm的区域的颅内出血或脑中流血。大脑微出血可以通过例如脑MRI(其包括但不限于T2*-加权GREMRI)进行检测,并且可以是无症状的(“无症状性微出血”)或可以潜在地与诸如暂时或永久性局部运动或感觉损伤、共济失调、失语症和构音困难的症状相关(“症状性微出血”)。例如,参见Greenberg,等人,2009,Lancet Neurol.8:165-74。
术语“脑积液(sulcal effusion)”是指脑沟或脑槽中流体的溢出物。脑积液可以通过例如脑MRI检测,其包括但不限于FLAIR MRI。参见Sperling等人Alzheimer’s&Dementia,7:367,2011。
术语“中枢神经系统表面铁沉积症(superficial siderosis of the centralnervous system)”是指进入脑的蛛网模下腔的流血或出血,并且可以通过例如脑MRI检测,其包括但不限于T2*-加权GRE MRI。指示中枢神经系统表面铁沉积症的症状包括感觉神经性耳聋(sensorineural deafness)、小脑性共济失调(cerebellar ataxia)和锥体束征(pyramidal signs)。参见Kumara-N,Am J Neuroradiol.31:5,2010。
术语“淀粉样变性”用在本文中是指一组由淀粉样蛋白或淀粉样蛋白样蛋白引起或与其相关的疾病和病症,并且包括,但不限于,由单体、原纤维或多聚体状态的淀粉样蛋白样蛋白或所述三种的任意组合(包括淀粉样蛋白斑)的存在或活性引起的疾病或病症。此类疾病包括,但不限于,继发性淀粉样变性和年龄相关性淀粉样变性,如包括但不限于下述的疾病:神经系统疾病,如阿尔茨海默病(“AD”),以先天性记忆能力丧失为特征的疾病或病况,诸如例如,轻度认知损害(MCI),雷维小体痴呆症(Lewy body dementia),唐氏综合症(Down’s syndrome),具有淀粉样变性的遗传性脑出血(荷兰型),关岛帕金森-痴呆复合病(Guam Parkinson-Demential complex)和其他基于或与淀粉样蛋白样蛋白相关的疾病,诸如进行性核上性麻痹(progressive supranuclear palsy),多发性硬化(multiplesclerosis),克雅病(Creutzfeld Jacob disease),帕金森病(Parkinson’s disease),HIV-相关的痴呆,ALS(肌萎缩性脊髓侧索硬化(amyotropic lateral sclerosis)),包涵体肌炎(inclusion-body myositis,IBM),成年发作型糖尿病(adult onset diabetes),内分泌肿瘤(endocrine tumor)和老年心脏淀粉样变性,以及多种眼部疾病,包括黄斑变性(macular degeneration),玻璃疣相关的视神经病变(drusen-related opticneuropathy),青光眼(glaucoma),和由于β-淀粉样蛋白沉积引起的白内障(cataract)。
青光眼是一组以视神经病变为特征性模式的涉及视网膜神经节细胞(RGC)的损失的视神经疾病。RGC是将视觉信号从眼睛传递到脑的神经细胞。凋亡过程中的两种主要的酶,即,胱天蛋白酶-3和胱天蛋白酶-8,在引起RGC凋亡的过程中被激活。胱天蛋白酶-3切割淀粉样蛋白前体蛋白(APP),以产生神经毒性片段,包括Aβ。没有APP的保护作用,Aβ在视网膜神经节细胞层中的积聚导致RGC的死亡和不可逆的视力损失。
青光眼通常,但不是总是伴有增加的眼压,其可能是阻断房水循环或其排出的结果。尽管升高的眼内压是发展青光眼的主要危险因素,但是不能定义对于引起青光眼起决定性作用的眼内压阈值。该损伤还可能由向重要的视神经纤维差的血液供应、神经结构中的弱点和/或神经纤维自身的健康性问题引起。不治疗的青光眼导致永久性的视神经损伤以及引起的视野损失,这可能进展成失明。
术语“轻度阿尔茨海默病”或“轻度AD”用在本文中(例如,“诊断患有轻度AD的患者”)是指以20-26的MMSE评分为特征的AD阶段。
术语“轻度至中度阿尔茨海默病”或“轻度至中度AD”用在本文中包括轻度和中度AD二者,并且以18-26的MMSE评分为特征。
术语“中度阿尔茨海默病”或“中度AD”用在本文中(例如,“诊断患有中度AD的患者”)是指以18-19的MMSE评分为特征的AD阶段。
术语“中枢神经系统”或“CNS”是指神经组织的复合体,其控制身体功能,并且包括脑和脊髓。
“血脑屏障受体”(本文中简写为“BBB-R”)是表达在脑内皮细胞上的跨膜受体蛋白,其能够将分子转运穿过血脑屏障。BBB-R的实例包括但不限于:运铁蛋白受体(TfR),胰岛素受体,胰岛素样生长因子受体(IGF-R),低密度脂蛋白受体,其包括但不限于低密度脂蛋白受体相关蛋白1(LRP1)和低密度脂蛋白受体相关蛋白8(LRP8),葡萄糖转运蛋白1(Glut1)和肝素结合性表皮生长因子样生长因子(HB-EGF)。本文中的示例性BBB-R是运铁蛋白受体(TfR)。
术语“运铁蛋白受体”或“TfR”用在本文中是指来自任意脊椎动物来源的任意天然TfR,除非另外指明,所述任意脊椎动物包括哺乳动物,如灵长类(例如,人)和啮齿动物(如小鼠和大鼠)。该术语包括“全长”未加工的TfR以及由在细胞中的加工产生的任意形式的TfR。该术语还包括天然存在的TfR变体,例如,剪接变体或等位基因变体。TfR是一种跨膜糖蛋白(分子量约为180,000),其由参与脊椎动物中的铁摄取的两个二硫键键合的亚基(各自的表观分子量为约90,000)组成。在一些实施方案中,本文中的TfR是人TfR(“hTfR”),其包含例如在Schneider等人,Nature 311:675-678(1984)中给出的氨基酸序列(SEQ ID NO:1)。在另一个实施方案中,本文的TfR是灵长类TfR(“pTfR”),其包含Genbank参照号AFD18260.1给出的氨基酸序列(SEQ ID NO:2)。为了比较,小鼠TfR序列可见于Genbank参照号AAH54522.1(SEQ ID NO:3)。
“神经系统疾病”当在本文中使用时是指影响CNS和/或具有在CNS中的病因的疾病或病症。示例性CNS疾病或病症包括但不限于,神经病,淀粉样变性,癌症,眼部疾病或病症,病毒或微生物感染,炎症,缺血,神经变性疾病,发作,行为障碍和溶酶体贮积症。对于本申请的目的,应该理解,CNS包括眼睛,其通常通过血-视网膜屏障与身体的其他部分隔离。神经系统疾病的具体实例包括但不限于,神经变性疾病(包括但不限于,雷维小体病,脊髓灰质炎后综合征(postpoliomyelitis syndrome),夏伊-德雷格综合征(Shy-Draegersyndrome),橄榄体脑桥小脑萎缩(olivopontocerebellar atrophy),帕金森病(Parkinson′s disease),多系统萎缩(multiple system atrophy),纹状体黑质变性(striatonigral degeneration),tau病变(tauopathies)(包括但不限于,阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer disease)和核上性麻痹(supranuclear palsy)),朊病毒痫(prion diseases)(包括但不限于,牛海绵状脑病(bovine spongiform encephalopathy),痒病(scrapie),克-雅综合征(Creutzfeldt-Jakob syndrome),库鲁病(kuru),格-施-沙病(Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker disease),慢性消耗性疾病(chronic wasting disease)和致命性家族性失眠症(fatal familial insomnia)),延髓性麻痹(bulbar palsy),运动神经元病(motor neuron disease),和神经系统异变性病症(nervous system heterodegenerativedisorders)(包括但不限于,卡纳范病(Canavan disease),亨廷顿病(Huntington′sdisease),神经元蜡样脂褐素沉积症(neuronal ceroid-lipofuscinosis),亚历山大病(Alexander′s disease),图雷特综合征(Tourette′s syndrome),门克斯扭结发综合征(Menkes kinky hair syndrome),科凯恩综合征(Cockayne syndrome),哈勒沃登-施帕茨综合征(Halervorden-Spatz syndrome),拉福拉病(lafora disease),雷特综合征(Rettsyndrome),肝豆状核变性(hepatolenticular degeneration),莱施-奈恩综合征(Lesch-Nyhan syndrome),和翁-隆综合征(Unverricht-Lundborg syndrome)),痴呆(包括但不限于,皮克病(Pick′s disease)和脊髓小脑性共济失调(spinocerebellar ataxia)),癌症(例如CNS的癌症,包括源自身体其他位置的癌症的脑转移)。
“神经系统疾病药物”是治疗一种或多种神经系统疾病的药物或治疗剂。本发明的神经系统疾病药物包括,但不限于,抗体,肽,蛋白质,一种或多种CNS靶标的天然配体,一种或多种CNS靶标的天然配体的修饰形式,适体,抑制性核酸(即,小的抑制性RNA(siRNA)和短发夹RNA(shRNA)),核酶,和小分子,或上述中任何一种的活性片段。本文中记载了本发明的示例性神经系统疾病药物,并且包括但不限于:抗体,适体,蛋白质,肽,抑制性核酸和小分子和上述中任何一种的活性片段,它们是它们本身或者特异性识别和/或作用于(即,抑制,活化,或检测)CNS抗原或者靶标分子,如,但不限于,淀粉样蛋白前体蛋白或其部分,淀粉样蛋白β,β-分泌酶,γ-分泌酶,tau,α-突触核蛋白,帕金蛋白,亨廷顿蛋白,DR6,早老蛋白,ApoE,神经胶质瘤或其他CNS癌症标记物,和神经营养蛋白。神经系统疾病药物以及可以使用它们治疗的病症的非限制性实例被提供在以下表1中:
表1:神经系统疾病药物以及可以使用它们治疗的相应病症的非限制性实例
“显像剂”是这样的化合物,其具有允许它的存在和/或位置被直接或间接检测到的一种或多种性质。这样的显像剂的实例包括结合有允许检测的标记结构部分的蛋白质和小分子化合物。
“CNS抗原”或者“脑抗原”是表达在包括脑在内的CNS中的抗原,其可以被抗体或小分子所靶向。这样的抗原的实例包括,但不限于:β-分泌酶1(BACE1),淀粉样蛋白β(Aβ),表皮生长因子受体(EGFR),人表皮生长因子受体2(HER2),tau,脱脂载脂蛋白E4(ApoE4),α-突触核蛋白,CD20,亨廷顿蛋白,朊病毒蛋白(PrP),富含亮氨酸的重复的激酶2(LRRK2),帕金蛋白,早老蛋白1,早老蛋白2,γ分泌酶,死亡受体6(DR6),淀粉样蛋白前体蛋白(APP),p75神经营养蛋白受体(p75NTR),白介素6受体(IL6R),TNF受体1(TNFR1),白介素1β(IL1β)和胱天蛋白酶6。在一些实施方案中,抗原是BACE1。
除非另外说明,术语“BACE1”当在本文中使用时是指来自任何脊椎动物来源(包括哺乳动物如灵长类(例如人)和啮齿动物(例如,小鼠和大鼠))的任何天然β-分泌酶1(也被称为β-位淀粉样蛋白前体蛋白切割酶1,膜相关天冬氨酸蛋白酶2,memapsin 2,天冬氨酰蛋白酶2或Asp2)。该术语包括“全长”未加工的BACE1以及由细胞内加工产生的任何形式的BACE1。该术语还包括天然存在的BACE1的变体,例如,剪接变体或等位变体。示例性BACE1多肽的氨基酸序列有人BACE1同种型A的序列,如在Vassar等人,Science 286:735-741(1999)中报道的,该文献通过引用完整地结合于本文中。存在人BACE1的数种其他同种型,包括同种型B、C和D。参见UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot条目P56817,其通过引用完整地结合于本文中。
术语“抗β-分泌酶抗体”、“抗BACE1抗体”、“结合β-分泌酶的抗体”和“结合BACE1的抗体”是指这样的抗体,所述抗体能够以足够的亲和力结合BACE1,以致该抗体可以用作靶向BACE1中的诊断和/或治疗剂。在一些实施方案中,抗BACE1抗体与不相关的、非BACE1蛋白结合的程度小于该抗体与BACE1的结合的程度约10%(如通过例如放射免疫测定(RIA)所测量的)。在某些实施方案中,结合BACE1的抗体的解离常数(Kd)≤1μM、≤100nM、≤10nM、≤1nM、≤0.1nM、≤0.01nM或≤0.001nM(例如10-8M以下,例如10-8M至10-13M,例如,10-9M至10- 13M)。在某些实施方案中,抗-BACE1抗体结合在来自不同物种和同种型的BACE1中保守的BACE1的表位。在一些实施方案中,提供这样的抗体,其结合BACE1上由抗BACE1抗体YW412.8.31结合的表位。在其他实施方案中,提供这样的抗体,其结合BACE1内、位于BACE1的催化结构域中的外结合位点(exosite)。在一些实施方案中,提供这样的抗体,其与在Kornacker等人,Biochem.44:11567-11573(2005)(该文献通过引用完整地结合在本文中)中鉴定的肽(即,肽1、2、3、1-11、1-10、1-9、1-8、1-7、1-6、2-12、3-12、4-12、5-12、6-12、7-12、8-12、9-12、10-12、4、5、6、5-10、5-9、乱序的(scrambled)、Y5A、P6A、Y7A、F8A、I9A、P10A和L11A)竞争结合BACE1。示例性BACE1抗体序列显示在图15A-B和图16A-B中。本文中的一个示例性抗体包含抗体YW412.8.31的可变结构域(例如如在图15A-B中的)。
本文中的“天然序列”蛋白是指包含在自然中发现的蛋白的氨基酸序列的蛋白,包括天然存在的蛋白变体。该术语当在本文中使用时包括从其天然来源分离的蛋白或者重组制备的蛋白。
术语“抗体”在本文中以最广义使用,并且包括多种抗体结构,包括,但不限于,单克隆抗体,多克隆抗体,多特异性抗体(例如,双特异性抗体),和抗体片段,只要它们显示出所需的抗原结合活性。
“抗体片段”是指除完整抗体外包含完整抗体的一部分的分子,所述完整抗体的一部分与所述完整抗体所结合的抗原结合。抗体片段的实例在本领域中是公知的(参见例如Nelson,MAbs(2010)2(1):77-83),并且包括但不限于Fab,Fab′,Fab’-SH,F(ab′)2,和Fv;双抗体;线性抗体;单链抗体分子,包括但不限于单链可变片段(scFv)、具有或不具有接头(并且任选串联)的轻链和/或重链抗原结合结构域的融合体;和由抗体片段形成的单特异性或多特异性抗原结合分子(包括但不限于由多个缺乏Fc区域的可变结构域构建的多特异性抗体)。
术语“单克隆抗体”在用于本文时指从一群基本上同质的抗体中获得的抗体,即除了可能的变体(例如,包含天然存在的突变,或者该变体可以在产生单克隆抗体的过程中出现,此类变体通常以较少量存在)外,构成群体的个体抗体是相同的和/或结合相同的表位。相比于通常包括针对不同决定簇(表位)的不同抗体的多克隆抗体制备物,单克隆抗体制剂的每个单克隆抗体针对抗原上的单一决定簇。修饰语“单克隆”表明抗体从基本上同质的抗体群获得的特征,不应解释为要求通过任何特定方法来生产抗体。例如,根据本发明使用的单克隆抗体可通过多种技术制备,包括但不限于,杂交瘤方法(例如,参见Kohler等人,Nature,256:495(1975)),重组DNA方法(例如,参见美国专利号4,816,567),噬菌体展示方法(例如,使用Clackson等人,Nature,352:624-628(1991)和Marks等人,J.Mol.Biol.,222:581-597(1991)中所述的技术),和使用包含全部或部分人免疫球蛋白基因座的转基因动物的方法,本文中记述了所述方法和用于制备单克隆抗体的其他示例性方法。本文中的单克隆抗体的具体实例包括嵌合抗体、人源化抗体和人抗体,包括它们的抗原-结合片段。
单克隆抗体在本文中具体地包括:“嵌合”抗体(免疫球蛋白),其中重链和/或轻链的一部分与衍生自特定物种或属于特定抗体类别或亚类的抗体中的相应序列相同或同源,而所述链的剩余部分与衍生自另一物种或属于另一抗体类别或亚类的抗体中的相应序列相同或同源;以及此类抗体的片段,只要它们展现出期望的生物学活性(美国专利号4,816,567;Morrison等人,Proc.Nat.Acad.Sci.USA,81:6851-6855(1984))。
用于本文目的的“接纳体人构架”是包含衍生自人免疫球蛋白构架或如下所定义的人共有构架的轻链可变结构域(VL)构架或重链可变结构域(VH)构架的氨基酸序列的构架。“衍生自”人免疫球蛋白构架或人共有构架的接纳体人构架可以包含其相同的氨基酸序列,或其可以包含氨基酸序列的变化。在一些实施方案中,氨基酸变化的数目为10以下,9以下,8以下,7以下,6以下,5以下,4以下,3以下,或2以下。在一些实施方案中,VL接纳体人构架的序列与VL人免疫球蛋白构架序列或人共有构架序列相同。
“人共有构架”是指这样的构架,即在选择人免疫球蛋白VL或VH构架序列中,其代表最常出现的氨基酸残基。一般而言,对人免疫球蛋白VL或VH序列的选择是从可变结构域序列的亚型中选择。一般而言,该序列的亚型是如Kabat等人,Sequences of Proteins ofImmunological Interest(免疫学感兴趣的蛋白质的序列),第五版,NIH Publication 91-3242,Bethesda MD(1991),1-3卷中的亚型。在一些实施方案中,对于VL,该亚型是如Kabat等人(见上文)中的亚型κI。在一些实施方案中,对于VH,该亚型是如Kabat等人(见上文)中的亚型III。
非人(例如鼠)抗体的“人源化”形式指包含来源于非人抗体的最小限度的序列的嵌合抗体。对于主要部分,人源化抗体是人抗体(接受体抗体),其中接受体高变区的残基被具有所需特异性、亲和力和能力的非人物种(供体抗体)(诸如小鼠、大鼠、兔或非人灵长类)的高变区残基替换。例如,在某些实施方案中,人源化抗体将包含基本上全部的至少一个、典型地两个可变结构域,其中所有或基本上所有HVR(例如,CDR)对应于非人抗体的那些,且所有或基本上所有构架区(FR)对应于人抗体的那些。在一些情形中,人免疫球蛋白的FR残基被相应的非人残基替换。此外,人源化的抗体可以包含在接受体抗体或在供体抗体中不存在的残基。进行这些修饰以进一步改善抗体性能。在某些实施方案中,人源化抗体将包含基本上全部的至少一个、典型地两个可变结构域,其中所有或基本上所有的高变区对应于非人抗体的那些,且所有或基本上所有FR是人抗体的那些,不同之处在于如上所述的FR置换。人源化抗体任选还将包含抗体恒定区的至少一部分,所述抗体恒定区典型地是人抗体的恒定区。抗体(例如,非人抗体)的“人源化形式”,是指已经进行人源化的抗体。更多细节参见Jones等人,Nature 321:522-525(1986);Riechmann等人,Nature 332:323-329(1988);和Presta,Curr.Op.Struct.Biol.2:593-596(1992)。
“人抗体”在本文中是包含这样的氨基酸序列结构的抗体,所述氨基酸序列结构对应于由人或人细胞生成或来源于非人来源(其利用人抗体全部成员或其他人抗体编码序列)的抗体的氨基酸序列结构。人抗体的这一定义特别排除了包含非人抗原结合残基的人源化抗体。可以通过多种技术鉴定或制备这样的抗体,所述技术包括但不限于:通过在免疫后能够在不存在内源免疫球蛋白生产的情况下生产人抗体的转基因动物(例如,小鼠)生产(见,例如,Jakobovits等人,Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA,90:2551(1993);Jakobovits等人,Nature,362:255-258(1993);Bruggermann等人,Year in Immuno.,7:33(1993);和美国专利号5,591,669,5,589,369和5,545,807));从表达人抗体或人抗体片段的噬菌体展示文库选择(见,例如,McCafferty等人,Nature 348:552-553(1990);Johnson等人,CurrentOpinion in Structural Biology 3:564-571(1993);Clackson等人,Nature,352:624-628(1991);Marks等人,J.Mol.Biol.222:581-597(1991);Griffith等人,EMBO J.12:725-734(1993);美国专利号5,565,332和5,573,905);通过体外活化的B细胞生成(见美国专利5,567,610和5,229,275);和自生产人抗体的杂交瘤分离。
“多特异性抗体”在本文中是对至少两个不同的表位具有结合特异性的抗体。示例性多特异性抗体可以结合TfR和脑抗原两者。多特异性抗体可以被制备成全长抗体或抗体片段(例如F(ab′)2双特异性抗体)。也预期改造的具有两个、三个或更多个(例如四个)功能性抗原结合位点的抗体(见,例如,美国申请号US 2002/0004587 A1,Miller等人)。多特异性抗体可以被制备成全长抗体或被制备成抗体片段。
本文中的抗体包括具有改变的抗原结合或生物学活性的“氨基酸序列变体”。这样的氨基酸变化的实例包括具有增强的对抗原的亲和力的抗体(例如“亲和力成熟”抗体),和具有改变的Fc区(如果存在的话)的抗体,例如具有改变的(增加或减小的)抗体依赖性细胞的细胞毒性(ADCC)和/或补体依赖性细胞毒性(CDC)的抗体(见,例如,WO 00/42072,Presta,L.和WO 99/51642,Iduosogie等人);和/或具有增加的或减小的血清半衰期的抗体(见,例如,WO00/42072,Presta,L.)。
“亲和力改变的变体”具有一个或多个被置换的亲本抗体(例如亲本嵌合的、人源化的或人抗体)的高变区或者构架残基,其改变(增加或减小)亲和力。产生这种置换变体的简便方式是使用噬菌体展示。简言之,将若干个高变区位点(例如6-7个位点)突变以在每个位点产生所有可能的氨基置换。这样产生的抗体变体以单价形式由丝状噬菌体颗粒展示为与包装在每个颗粒内的M13的基因III产物的融合体(fusion)。然后对噬菌体展示的变体的生物学活性(例如结合亲和力)进行筛选。为了鉴定用于修饰的候选高变区位点,可以进行丙氨酸扫描诱变以鉴别显著有助于抗原结合的高变区残基。备选地,或另外地,可能有利的是分析抗原-抗体复合物的晶体结构,从而鉴别抗体与其靶标之间的接触点。根据本文所述的技术,这样的接触残基和邻近残基是置换的候选物。在这样的变体产生后,对一组变体进行筛选,并且可以选择具有改变的亲和力的抗体用于进一步的开发。
“pH敏感性抗体变体”是在第一pH对靶抗原具有的结合亲和力不同于其在不同pH对该靶抗原具有的结合亲和力的抗体变体。作为非限制性实例,可以选择本发明的抗-TfR抗体用于与TfR的pH-敏感性结合或者将其改造以具有与TfR的pH-敏感性结合,以使其在pH7.4以所需的低亲和力(如在本文中所描述的)结合血浆中的细胞表面TfR,但是在内在化至内体区室时,在相对较低的pH(pH 5.5-6.0)迅速地与TfR解离;这种解离可以保护抗体免于抗原介导的清除,并且增加递送至CNS或穿过BBB再循环回来的抗体的量----在任何一种情况下,相对于不包含这种pH敏感性的抗-TfR抗体,所述抗体的有效浓度增加(参见,例如,Chaparro-Riggers等人.J.Biol.Chem.287(14):11090-11097;Igawa等人,NatureBiotechnol.28(11):1203-1208)。本领域普通技术人员能够容易地确定对于TfR和缀合的化合物在血清pH和在内体区室pH的亲和力的理想组合。
抗体在本文中可以与例如“异源分子”缀合,以增加半衰期或稳定性或者在其他方面改善抗体。例如,抗体可以与多种非蛋白聚合物(例如,聚乙二醇(PEG),聚丙二醇,聚氧化烯,或聚乙二醇和聚丙二醇的共聚物)中的一种相连。与一个或多个PEG分子相连的抗体片段,如Fab’,是本发明的示例性实施方案。在另一个实例中,异源分子是治疗性化合物或可视化剂(即可检测的标记),并且抗体用于将这种异源分子转运穿过BBB。异源分子的实例包括,但不限于,化学化合物、肽、聚合物、脂质、核酸和蛋白。
本文中的抗体可以是“糖基化变体”,以使与Fc区相连的任何糖(如果存在的话)被改变,在存在/不存在方面修饰或者在类型方面修饰。例如,具有缺乏与抗体的Fc区偶联的岩藻糖的成熟糖结构的抗体记载在美国专利申请号US 2003/0157108(Presta,L.)中。也参见US 2004/0093621(Kyowa Hakko Kogyo Co.,Ltd)。在WO 2003/011878,Jean-Mairet等人和美国专利号6,602,684,Umana等人中提到在与抗体的Fc区连接的糖中具有平分型N-乙酰葡糖胺(GlcNAc)的抗体。在与抗体的Fc区连接的寡糖中具有至少一个半乳糖残基的抗体在WO 1997/30087,Patel等人中被报道。也参见WO 1998/58964(Raju,S.)和WO 1999/22764(Raju,S.),其涉及具有改变的与其Fc区连接的糖的抗体。也参见US 2005/0123546(Umana等人),其描述了具有修饰的糖基化的抗体。Fc区中的共有糖基化序列(在位置297-299处的Asn-X-Ser/Thr,其中X不能为脯氨酸)的突变(例如,通过将此序列的Asn突变为任何其他氨基酸,通过在位置298处放置Pro,或者通过将位置299修饰为除Ser或Thr外的任何氨基酸)应该消除在该位置处的糖基化(参见,例如,Fares AI-Ejeh等人,Clin.Cancer Res.(2007)13:5519s-5527s;Imperiali和Shannon,Biochemistry(1991)30(18):4374-4380;Katsuri,Biochem J.(1997)323(Pt 2):415-419;Shakin-Eshleman等人,J.Biol.Chem.(1996)271:6363-6366)。
术语“高变区”或“HVR”当在本文中使用时是指抗体可变结构域的每个区域,其在序列上是高变的(“互补决定区”或“CDR”)和/或形成结构限定的环(“高变环”)和/或包含抗原-接触残基(“抗原接触”)。通常,抗体包含六个HVR:三个在VH(H1,H2,H3)中,三个在VL(L1,L2,L3)中。本文中示例性的HVR包括:
(a)存在于氨基酸残基26-32(L1),50-52(L2),91-96(L3),26-32(H1),53-55(H2)和96-101(H3)处的高变环(Chothia和Lesk,J.Mol.Biol.196:901-917(1987));
(b)存在于氨基酸残基24-34(L1),50-56(L2),89-97(L3),31-35b(H1),50-65(H2)和95-102(H3)处的CDR(Kabat等人,Sequences of Proteins of Immunological Interest(免疫学感兴趣的蛋白质的序列),第5版.Public Health Service,National Institutesof Health,Bethesda,MD(1991));
(c)存在于氨基酸残基27c-36(L1),46-55(L2),89-96(L3),30-35b(H1),47-58(H2)和93-101(H3)处的抗原接触(MacCallum等人J.Mol.Biol.262:732-745(1996));和
(d)(a),(b),和/或(c)的组合,包括HVR氨基酸残基46-56(L2),47-56(L2),48-56(L2),49-56(L2),26-35(H1),26-35b(H1),49-65(H2),93-102(H3)和94-102(H3)。
在一些实施方案中,HVR残基包含图3A-D或4A-D、表4或表5或本说明书中其他地方鉴定出的那些。
除非另外指明,可变结构域中的HVR残基和其他残基(例如,FR残基)在本文中按照Kabat等人(同前所述)编号。
“构架”或“FR”残基是指除本文定义的高变区残基之外的那些可变结构域残基。可变结构域的FR通常由四个FR结构域组成:FR1,FR2,FR3和FR4。因此,HVR和FR序列通常以下述顺序出现在VH(或VL)中:FR1-H1(L1)-FR2-H2(L2)-FR3-H3(L3)-FR4。在某些实施方案中,一个或多个FR残基可以被修饰,以调节抗体的稳定性或调节抗体的一个或多个HVR的三维位置,例如,从而增强结合。
“全长抗体”是这样的抗体,其包含抗原-结合可变区以及轻链恒定结构域(CL)和重链恒定结构域CH1、CH2和CH3。恒定结构域可以是天然序列恒定结构域(例如人天然序列恒定结构域)或其氨基酸序列变体。
术语“全长抗体”、“完整的抗体”和“完整抗体”在本文被可互换地用于指结构与天然抗体结构基本相似或具有包含如本文所定义的Fc区的重链的抗体。
“裸抗体”是指没有缀合异源结构部分(如细胞毒性结构部分或放射性标记)的抗体。所述裸抗体可以存在于药物制剂中。
“天然抗体”是指天然存在的具有变化的结构的免疫球蛋白分子。例如,天然IgG抗体是约150,000道尔顿的异源四聚体糖蛋白,其由两个相同的轻链和两个相同的重链构成,所述链通过二硫键键合。从N末端至C末端,每个重链具有可变区(VH),其也被称为可变重链结构域或重链可变结构域,其后是三个恒定结构域(CH1,CH2和CH3)。类似地,从N末端到C末端,每个轻链具有可变区(VL),其也被称为可变轻链结构域或轻链可变结构域,其后是恒定轻链(CL)结构域。基于其恒定结构域的氨基酸序列,抗体的轻链可以被分配给被称为kappa(κ)和lambda(λ)的两个类型中的一个。
抗体“效应子功能”指抗体引起除补体通路活化外的免疫系统活化的那些生物活性。此类活性主要发现于可归因于抗体的Fc区(天然序列Fc区或氨基酸序列变体Fc区)。抗体效应子功能的实例包括,例如,Fc受体结合和抗体依赖性细胞介导的细胞毒性(ADCC)。在一些实施方案中,本文中的抗体基本上缺少效应子功能。在另一个实施方案中,本文中的抗体保持最小的效应子功能。修饰或消除效应子功能的方法在本领域中是公知的,并且包括,但不限于,消除引起效应子功能的Fc区的全部或一部分(即,以缺少Fc区的全部或一部分的形式(如但不限于如在本文中所描述的和如在本领域中已知的Fab片段、单链抗体等)使用抗体或抗体片段;在一个或多个氨基酸位点处修饰Fc区以消除效应子功能(Fc结合影响:位置238、239、248、249、252、254、256、265、268、269、270、272、278、289、292、293、294、295、296、297、298、301、303、311、322、324、327、329、333、335、338、340、373、376、382、388、389、414、416、419、434、435、436、437、438和439;以及改变抗体的糖基化(包括但不限于,在不允许野生型哺乳动物糖基化的环境中产生抗体,从已经糖基化的抗体中移除一个或多个碳水化合物基团,并且在一个或多个氨基酸位置处修饰抗体以消除抗体在那些位置(包括但不限于N297G和N297A和D265A)处被糖基化的能力)。
抗体“补体活化”功能或者抗体允许或引发“补体通路的活化”的性质可互换地使用,并且是指抗体参与或刺激受试者中免疫系统的补体通路的那些生物学活性。此类活性包括,例如,C1q结合和补体依赖性细胞毒性(CDC),并且可以通过抗体的Fc部分和非Fc部分调节。修饰或消除补体活化功能的方法在本领域中是公知的,并且包括,但不限于:消除引起补体活化的Fc区的全部或一部分(即,以缺少Fc区的全部或一部分的形式(如但不限于如在本文中所描述的和如在本领域中已知的Fab片段、单链抗体等)使用抗体或抗体片段,或者在一个或多个氨基酸位置处修饰Fc区以消除或降低与补体组分的相互作用或活化补体组分的能力,如已知参与C1q结合的位置270、322、329和321),以及修饰或消除引起补体活化的非Fc区的一部分(即在位置132处修饰CH1区(参见,例如,Vidarte等人,(2001)J.Biol.Chem.276(41):38217-38223))。
取决于其重链恒定结构域的氨基酸序列,可以将全长抗体分配到不同的“类别”。有五个主要类别的全长抗体:IgA,IgD,IgE,IgG和IgM,并且这些中的数个可以进一步被划分为亚类(同种型),例如,IgG1,IgG2,IgG3,IgG4,IgA和IgA2。对应于不同类别的抗体的重链恒定结构域分别被称为α,δ,ε,γ和μ。不同类别的免疫球蛋白的亚基结构和三维构型是已知的。
当在本文中使用时,术语“重组抗体”是指这样的抗体(例如嵌合、人源化或人抗体或其抗原-结合片段),该抗体由包含编码所述抗体的核酸的重组宿主细胞表达。
术语“宿主细胞”、“宿主细胞系”和“宿主细胞培养物”可互换地使用,并且是指其中引入外源核酸的细胞,包括这种细胞的后代。宿主细胞包括“转化体”和“转化的细胞”,其包括原代转化的细胞和来源于其的后代,而不考虑传代的次数。后代在核酸内容物上可能与亲本细胞不完全相同,而是可以包含突变。本文中包括与在最初转化的细胞中筛选或选择的具有相同的功能或生物学活性的突变体后代。用于生产重组抗体的“宿主细胞”的实例包括:(1)哺乳动物细胞,例如,中国仓鼠卵巢(CHO)、COS、骨髓瘤细胞(包括Y0和NS0细胞),幼仓鼠肾细胞(BHK),Hela细胞和Vero细胞;(2)昆虫细胞,例如,sf9,sf21和Tn5;(3)植物细胞,例如属于烟草属(genus Nicotiana)的植物(例如烟草(Nicotiana tabacum));(4)酵母细胞,例如,属于酵母属(genus Saccharomyces)的那些(例如酿酒酵母(Saccharomycescerevisiae))或属于曲霉属(genus Aspergillus)的那些(例如黑曲霉(Aspergillusniger));(5)细菌细胞,例如大肠杆菌(Escherichia.coli)细胞或者枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)细胞等。
与参照抗体“结合相同表位的抗体”是指这样的抗体,其在竞争测定中阻断50%以上的所述参照抗体与其抗原的结合,反之,参照抗体在竞争测定中阻断50%以上的该抗体与其抗原的结合。在一些实施方案中,形成本发明的双特异性或多特异性抗体中的一种的抗BACE1抗体结合被YW412.8.31所结合的BACE1表位。本文提供了示例性的竞争测定。
术语“细胞毒性剂”用在本发明中指抑制或防止细胞功能和/或引起细胞死亡或破坏的物质。细胞毒性剂包括但不限于:放射性同位素(例如,At211,I131,I125,Y90,Re186,Re188,Sm153,Bi212,P32,Pb212和Lu的放射性同位素);化疗剂或药物(例如,甲氨蝶呤(methotrexate),阿霉素(adriamicin),长春花生物碱(vinca alkaloids)(长春新碱(vincristine),长春碱(vinblastine),依托泊苷(etoposide)),多柔比星(doxorubicin),美法仑(melphalan),丝裂霉素C(mitomycin C),苯丁酸氮芥(chlorambucil),柔红霉素(daunorubicin)或其它嵌入剂);生长抑制剂;酶及其片段,如核酸水解酶;抗生素;毒素,如小分子毒素或细菌、真菌、植物或动物起源的酶促活性毒素,包括其片段和/或变体;以及本文公开的多种抗肿瘤剂或抗癌剂。
试剂例如药物制剂的“有效量”是指在需要的剂量和时间阶段有效获得所需的治疗或预防结果的量。
术语“Fc区”在本文中用于定义免疫球蛋白重链的C端区域,所述区域包含至少一部分的恒定区。该术语包括天然序列Fc区和变体Fc区。在一些实施方案中,人IgG重链Fc区从Cys226或Pro230延伸至重链的羧基端。然而,Fc区的C端赖氨酸(Lys447)可以存在或者可以不存在。除非本文另外说明,Fc区或恒定区中的氨基酸残基的编号是根据EU编号系统进行的,其也被称为EU索引,如在Kabat等人,Sequences of Proteins of ImmunologicalInterest(免疫学感兴趣的蛋白质的序列),第5版.Public Health Service,NationalInstitutes of Health,Bethesda,MD,1991中所述。
术语“FcRn受体”或“FcRn”用在本文中是指已知参与通过人或灵长类胎盘将母体IgG转移至胎儿或通过小肠将卵黄囊(兔)从初乳转移至新生动物的Fc受体(“n”表示新生的)。还已知FcRn通过结合IgG分子并将其再循环到血清中而参与维持恒定的血清IgG水平。“FcRn结合区”或“FcRn受体结合区”是指抗体与FcRn受体相互作用的部分。抗体FcRn结合区中的特定修饰增加所述抗体或其片段针对FcRn的亲和力,并且还增加该分子的体内半衰期。在下述氨基酸位置中的一个或多个中的氨基酸置换增加抗体与FcRn受体的相互作用:251,256,285,290,308,314,385,389,428,434和436。在下述位置的置换也增加抗体与FcRn受体的相互作用:238,265,272,286,303,305,307,311,312,317,340,356,360,362,376,378,380,382,413,424或434,例如,(美国专利号7,371,826)的置换。
“免疫缀合物”是与一个或多个异源分子(包括但不限于标记或细胞毒性剂)缀合的抗体。任选地,这样的缀合是通过接头进行的。
“接头”当在本文中使用时是这样的结构,其将抗-TfR抗体共价或非共价地与异源分子相连。在某些实施方案中,接头是肽。在其他实施方案中,接头是化学接头。
“标记”是与本文中的抗体偶联并被用于检测或成像的标记物。这样的标记的实例包括:放射性标记、荧光团、生色团或亲和标签。在一些实施方案中,标记是用于医疗成像的放射性标记,例如tc99m或I123,或用于核磁共振(NMR)成像(也被称为磁共振成像,mri)的自旋标记,如又有碘-123,碘-131,铟-111,氟-19,碳-13,氮-15,氧-17,钆,锰,铁等。
“个体”或“受试者”是哺乳动物。哺乳动物包括但不限于,家养动物(例如,牛,绵羊,猫,狗和马),灵长类(例如,人和非人灵长类如猴),兔,以及啮齿类动物(例如,小鼠和大鼠)。在某些实施方案中,个体或受试者是人。
“分离的”抗体是已经与其天然环境的组分分离的抗体。在一些实施方案中,将抗体纯化至大于95%或99%的纯度,如通过例如电泳(例如,SDS-PAGE,等电聚焦(IEF),毛细管电泳)或层析(例如,离子交换或反相HPLC)方法确定的。对于用于评估抗体纯度的方法的综述,参见,例如,Flatman等人,J.Chromatogr.B 848:79-87(2007)。
“分离的”核酸是指已经与其天然环境的组分分离的核酸分子。分离的核酸包括包含在通常包含该核酸分子的细胞中的核酸分子,但是该核酸分子存在于染色体外或在不同于其天然染色体位置的染色体位置处。
“分离的编码抗-TfR抗体的核酸”是指一个或多个核酸分子,其编码抗体重和轻链(或其片段),包括在单一载体或分开的载体中的这样的核酸分子,以及存在于宿主细胞中的一个或多个位置处的这样的核酸分子。
术语“包装插页”用于指常规地包含在治疗性产品的商业包装中的说明书,其含有关于适应证、用法、剂量、施用、组合疗法、禁忌症和/或关于使用此类治疗性产品的警告的信息。
相对于参比多肽序列的“百分比(%)氨基酸序列同一性”定义为在将所述序列进行比对(并在必要时导入空位)以获取最大百分比序列同一性,且不将任何保守置换视为序列同一性的部分之后,候选序列中的氨基酸残基与参比多肽序列中的氨基酸残基相同的百分数。可使用本领域各种方法进行序列比对以便实现确定百分比氨基酸序列同一性的比对目的,例如,使用公众可得到的计算机软件,如BLAST、BLAST-2、ALIGN或Megalign(DNASTAR)软件。本领域技术人员可以确定用于比对序列的适宜参数,包括对所比较的序列全长获得最大比对所需的任何算法。然而,为此目的,%氨基酸序列同一性值使用序列比较计算机程序ALIGN-2产生。ALIGN-2序列比较计算机程序的作者是Genentech,Inc.,并且源代码已经随用户文档提交至美国版权局(Washington D.C.,20559),其美国版权注册登记号为TXU510087。公众可通过Genentech,Inc.(South San Francisco,California)得到ALIGN-2程序,或者可以从源代码编译。ALIGN-2程序应当为在UNIX操作系统、包括数字UNIXV4.0D上使用而进行编译。ALIGN-2程序设定了所有序列比对参数并且不变。
在ALIGN-2应用于氨基酸序列比较的情况中,给定氨基酸序列A相对于(to)、与(with)、或针对(against)给定氨基酸序列B的%氨基酸序列同一性(或者可以这样说:给定氨基酸序列A具有或含有相对于、与或针对给定氨基酸序列B的某一%氨基酸序列同一性)如下计算:
100乘以X/Y比值
其中X是用序列比对程序ALIGN-2在该程序的A和B比对中评分为相同匹配的氨基酸残基数,且其中Y是B中的氨基酸残基总数。可以理解,当氨基酸序列A的长度与氨基酸序列B的长度不相等时,A相对于B的%氨基酸序列同一性将不等于B相对于A的%氨基酸序列同一性。除非另外具体说明,在本文用的所有%氨基酸序列同一性的值都是用ALIGN-2计算机程序如前段所描述的那样得到的。
术语“药物制剂”指这样的制剂,其以允许包含在其中的活性成分的生物学活性有效的形式存在,并且不包含对施用所述制剂的受试者具有不可接受的毒性的另外的成分。
“药用载体”是指药物制剂中活性成分之外的成分,其对受试者是无毒的。药用载体包括但不限于缓冲剂、赋形剂、稳定剂或防腐剂。
用于本文时,“治疗(treatment)”(及其语法变化如“治疗(treat)”或“治疗(treating)”)指在尝试改变待治疗的个体的天然进程中的临床干预,并且可以为了预防或在临床病理学的进程中进行。治疗的理想效果包括但不限于防止疾病发生或复发,缓和症状,消除疾病的任何直接或间接病理学后果,预防转移,减少疾病进展速率,改善或减轻疾病状态,和症状缓解或改善的预后。在一些实施方案中,将本发明的抗体用于延缓疾病的发生或减缓疾病的进展。
术语“可变区”或“可变结构域”是指参与抗体与抗原结合的抗体重链或轻链的结构域。天然抗体的重链和轻链(分别为VH和VL)的可变结构域通常具有相似的结构,其中每个结构域包含四个保守的构架区(FR)和三个高变区(HVR)。(参见,例如,Kindt等人,KubyImmunology,第6版,W.H.Freeman and Co.第91页(2007))。单个VH或VL结构域可以足以给予抗原结合特异性。此外,可以使用来自与特定抗原结合的抗体的VH或VL结构域分别筛选互补VL或VH结构域的文库而分离结合所述抗原的抗体。参见,例如,Portolano等人,J.Immunol.150:880-887(1993);Clarkson等人,Nature 352:624-628(1991)。
术语“载体”当在本文中使用时是指能够增殖与其相连的另一个核酸的核酸分子。该术语包括作为自我复制核酸结构的载体以及结合到已经引入其的宿主细胞的基因组中的载体。一些载体能够指导与其可操作相连的核酸的表达。这样的载体在本文中被称为“表达载体”。
2.组合物和方法
A.制备抗-TfR抗体及其缀合物
在一些方面中,本发明部分基于可以用于转运需要的分子穿过BBB的抗-TfR抗体。在某些实施方案中,提供结合到人TfR的抗体。在某些实施方案中,提供结合人TfR和灵长类TfR二者的抗体。例如,本发明的抗体可用于影响脑和/或CNS的疾病的诊断或治疗。
A.示例性的抗-TfR抗体
在一些方面中,本发明提供与TfR结合的分离的抗体。在某些实施方案中,本发明的抗-TfR抗体特异性结合人TfR和灵长类TfR二者。在某些这样的实施方案中,本发明的抗-TfR抗体不抑制运铁蛋白与TfR的结合。在某些这样的实施方案中,本发明的抗-TfR抗体结合TfR的顶端结构域。在其他某些这样的实施方案中,本发明的抗-TfR抗体结合TfR的非顶端结构域。在某些方面中,所述抗-TfR抗体可以用于将一种或多种缀合的成像或治疗化合物转运穿过BBB。
在一些方面中,本发明提供包含选自下述的至少一个、两个、三个、四个、五个或六个HVR的抗-TfR抗体:(a)包含SEQ ID NO:32的氨基酸序列的HVR-H1;(b)包含SEQ ID NO:33的氨基酸序列的HVR-H2;(c)包含SEQ ID NO:34的氨基酸序列的HVR-H3;(d)包含SEQ IDNO:29的氨基酸序列的HVR-L1;(e)包含SEQ ID NO:30的氨基酸序列的HVR-L2;和(f)包含SEQ ID NO:31的氨基酸序列的HVR-L3。在一些方面中,所述抗体包含全部六个上述HVR序列。在另一个方面中,所述抗体是克隆7A4,如在图3A和表3中所示。
在一些方面中,本发明提供包含选自下述的至少一个、两个、三个、四个、五个或六个HVR的抗-TfR抗体:(a)包含SEQ ID NO:37的氨基酸序列的HVR-H1;(b)包含SEQ ID NO:38的氨基酸序列的HVR-H2;(c)包含SEQ ID NO:39的氨基酸序列的HVR-H3;(d)包含SEQ IDNO:35的氨基酸序列的HVR-L1;(e)包含SEQ ID NO:30的氨基酸序列的HVR-L2;和(f)包含SEQ ID NO:36的氨基酸序列的HVR-L3。在一些方面中,所述抗体包含全部六个上述HVR序列。在另一个方面中,所述抗体是克隆8A2,如在图3A和表3中所示。
在一些方面中,本发明提供包含选自下述的至少一个、两个、三个、四个、五个或六个HVR的抗-TfR抗体:(a)包含SEQ ID NO:32的氨基酸序列的HVR-H1;(b)包含SEQ ID NO:40的氨基酸序列的HVR-H2;(c)包含SEQ ID NO:34的氨基酸序列的HVR-H3;(d)包含SEQ IDNO:35的氨基酸序列的HVR-L1;(e)包含SEQ ID NO:30的氨基酸序列的HVR-L2;和(f)包含SEQ ID NO:36的氨基酸序列的HVR-L3。在一些方面中,所述抗体包含全部六个上述HVR序列。在另一个方面中,所述抗体是克隆15D2,如在图3A和表3中所示。
在一些方面中,本发明提供包含选自下述的至少一个、两个、三个、四个、五个或六个HVR的抗-TfR抗体:(a)包含SEQ ID NO:37的氨基酸序列的HVR-H1;(b)包含SEQ ID NO:43的氨基酸序列的HVR-H2;(c)包含SEQ ID NO:44的氨基酸序列的HVR-H3;(d)包含SEQ IDNO:41的氨基酸序列的HVR-L1;(e)包含SEQ ID NO:30的氨基酸序列的HVR-L2;和(f)包含SEQ ID NO:42的氨基酸序列的HVR-L3。在一些方面中,所述抗体包含全部六个上述HVR序列。在另一个方面中,所述抗体是克隆10D11,如在图3A和表3中所示。
在一些方面中,本发明提供包含选自下述的至少一个、两个、三个、四个、五个或六个HVR的抗-TfR抗体:(a)包含SEQ ID NO:32的氨基酸序列的HVR-H1;(b)包含SEQ ID NO:33的氨基酸序列的HVR-H2;(c)包含SEQ ID NO:34的氨基酸序列的HVR-H3;(d)包含SEQ IDNO:29的氨基酸序列的HVR-L1;(e)包含SEQ ID NO:30的氨基酸序列的HVR-L2;和(f)包含SEQ ID NO:31的氨基酸序列的HVR-L3。在一些方面中,所述抗体包含全部六个上述HVR序列。在另一个方面中,所述抗体是克隆7B10,如在图3A和表3中所示。
在一些方面中,本发明提供包含选自下述的至少一个、两个、三个、四个、五个或六个HVR的抗-TfR抗体:(a)包含SEQ ID NO:53的氨基酸序列的HVR-H1;(b)包含SEQ ID NO:54的氨基酸序列的HVR-H2;(c)包含SEQ ID NO:55的氨基酸序列的HVR-H3;(d)包含SEQ IDNO:50的氨基酸序列的HVR-L1;(e)包含SEQ ID NO:51的氨基酸序列的HVR-L2;和(f)包含SEQ ID NO:52的氨基酸序列的HVR-L3。在一些方面中,所述抗体包含全部六个上述HVR序列。在另一个方面中,所述抗体是克隆15G11,如在图3B和表3中所示。
在一些方面中,本发明提供包含选自下述的至少一个、两个、三个、四个、五个或六个HVR的抗-TfR抗体:(a)包含SEQ ID NO:53的氨基酸序列的HVR-H1;(b)包含SEQ ID NO:58的氨基酸序列的HVR-H2;(c)包含SEQ ID NO:59的氨基酸序列的HVR-H3;(d)包含SEQ IDNO:56的氨基酸序列的HVR-L1;(e)包含SEQ ID NO:57的氨基酸序列的HVR-L2;和(f)包含SEQ ID NO:52的氨基酸序列的HVR-L3。在一些方面中,所述抗体包含全部六个上述HVR序列。在另一个方面中,所述抗体是克隆16G5,如在图3B和表3中所示。
在一些方面中,本发明提供包含选自下述的至少一个、两个、三个、四个、五个或六个HVR的抗-TfR抗体:(a)包含SEQ ID NO:53的氨基酸序列的HVR-H1;(b)包含SEQ ID NO:63的氨基酸序列的HVR-H2;(c)包含SEQ ID NO:55的氨基酸序列的HVR-H3;(d)包含SEQ IDNO:60的氨基酸序列的HVR-L1;(e)包含SEQ ID NO:61的氨基酸序列的HVR-L2;和(f)包含SEQ ID NO:62的氨基酸序列的HVR-L3。在一些方面中,所述抗体包含全部六个上述HVR序列。在另一个方面中,所述抗体是克隆13C3,如在图3B和表3中所示。
在一些方面中,本发明提供包含选自下述的至少一个、两个、三个、四个、五个或六个HVR的抗-TfR抗体:(a)包含SEQ ID NO:53的氨基酸序列的HVR-H1;(b)包含SEQ ID NO:65的氨基酸序列的HVR-H2;(c)包含SEQ ID NO:55的氨基酸序列的HVR-H3;(d)包含SEQ IDNO:60的氨基酸序列的HVR-L1;(e)包含SEQ ID NO:64的氨基酸序列的HVR-L2;和(f)包含SEQ ID NO:52的氨基酸序列的HVR-L3。在一些方面中,所述抗体包含全部六个上述HVR序列。在另一个方面中,所述抗体是克隆16G4,如在图3B和表3中所示。
在一些方面中,本发明提供包含选自下述的至少一个、两个、三个、四个、五个或六个HVR的抗-TfR抗体:(a)包含SEQ ID NO:74的氨基酸序列的HVR-H1;(b)包含SEQ ID NO:75的氨基酸序列的HVR-H2;(c)包含SEQ ID NO:76的氨基酸序列的HVR-H3;(d)包含SEQ IDNO:71的氨基酸序列的HVR-L1;(e)包含SEQ ID NO:72的氨基酸序列的HVR-L2;和(f)包含SEQ ID NO:73的氨基酸序列的HVR-L3。在一些方面中,所述抗体包含全部六个上述HVR序列。在另一个方面中,所述抗体是克隆16F6,如在图3C和表3中所示。
在一些方面中,本发明提供包含选自下述的至少一个、两个、三个、四个、五个或六个HVR的抗-TfR抗体:(a)包含SEQ ID NO:80的氨基酸序列的HVR-H1;(b)包含SEQ ID NO:81的氨基酸序列的HVR-H2;(c)包含SEQ ID NO:82的氨基酸序列的HVR-H3;(d)包含SEQ IDNO:77的氨基酸序列的HVR-L1;(e)包含SEQ ID NO:78的氨基酸序列的HVR-L2;和(f)包含SEQ ID NO:79的氨基酸序列的HVR-L3。在一些方面中,所述抗体包含全部六个上述HVR序列。在另一个方面中,所述抗体是克隆7G7,如在图3D和表3中所示。
在一些方面中,本发明提供包含选自下述的至少一个、两个、三个、四个、五个或六个HVR的抗-TfR抗体:(a)包含SEQ ID NO:80的氨基酸序列的HVR-H1;(b)包含SEQ ID NO:83的氨基酸序列的HVR-H2;(c)包含SEQ ID NO:84的氨基酸序列的HVR-H3;(d)包含SEQ IDNO:77的氨基酸序列的HVR-L1;(e)包含SEQ ID NO:78的氨基酸序列的HVR-L2;和(f)包含SEQ ID NO:79的氨基酸序列的HVR-L3。在一些方面中,所述抗体包含全部六个上述HVR序列。在另一个方面中,所述抗体是克隆4C2,如在图3D和表3中所示。
在一些方面中,本发明提供包含选自下述的至少一个、两个、三个、四个、五个或六个HVR的抗-TfR抗体:(a)包含SEQ ID NO:88的氨基酸序列的HVR-H1;(b)包含SEQ ID NO:89的氨基酸序列的HVR-H2;(c)包含SEQ ID NO:90的氨基酸序列的HVR-H3;(d)包含SEQ IDNO:85的氨基酸序列的HVR-L1;(e)包含SEQ ID NO:86的氨基酸序列的HVR-L2;和(f)包含SEQ ID NO:87的氨基酸序列的HVR-L3。在一些方面中,所述抗体包含全部六个上述HVR序列。在另一个方面中,所述抗体是克隆1B12,如在图3D和表3中所示。
在一些方面中,本发明提供包含选自下述的至少一个、两个、三个、四个、五个或六个HVR的抗-TfR抗体:(a)包含SEQ ID NO:94的氨基酸序列的HVR-H1;(b)包含SEQ ID NO:95的氨基酸序列的HVR-H2;(c)包含SEQ ID NO:96的氨基酸序列的HVR-H3;(d)包含SEQ IDNO:91的氨基酸序列的HVR-L1;(e)包含SEQ ID NO:92的氨基酸序列的HVR-L2;和(f)包含SEQ ID NO:93的氨基酸序列的HVR-L3。在一些方面中,所述抗体包含全部六个上述HVR序列。在另一个方面中,所述抗体是克隆13D4,如在图3D和表3中所示。
在一些方面中,本发明提供包含选自下述的至少一个、两个、三个、四个、五个或六个HVR的抗-TfR抗体:(a)包含SEQ ID NO:32的氨基酸序列的HVR-H1;(b)包含SEQ ID NO:33的氨基酸序列的HVR-H2;(c)包含SEQ ID NO:34的氨基酸序列的HVR-H3;(d)包含SEQ IDNO:29的氨基酸序列的HVR-L1;(e)包含SEQ ID NO:30的氨基酸序列的HVR-L2;和(f)包含SEQ ID NO:127的氨基酸序列的HVR-L3。在一些方面中,所述抗体包含全部六个上述HVR序列。在另一个方面中,所述抗体是克隆7A4.v15,如在图4B和表4中所示。
上述克隆落入四个互补性组,具有在HVR内的序列相似性。如在表3中所示,共有序列容易地来源于关于每个HVR所提供的抗体序列。作为一个非限制性的实例,I类抗体共有HVR如下所述:
HVR-L1:Arg-Ala-Ser-Glu-Ser-Val-Asp-[Ser或Asp]-Tyr-Gly-[Asn或Pro]-Ser-Phe-Met-His(SEQ ID NO:45);
HVR-L2:Arg-Ala-Ser-Asn-Leu-Glu-Ser(SEQ ID NO:30);
HVR-L3:Gln-[Gln或His]-Ser-Asn-Glu-[Ala,Gly或Asp]-Pro-Pro-Thr(SEQ IDNO:46);
HVR-H1:Asp-Tyr-[Ala或Gly]-Met-His(SEQ ID NO:47);
HVR-H2:[Gly或Val]-Ile-Ser-[Thr,Phe或Pro]-Tyr-[Phe或Ser]-Gly-[Arg或Lys]-Thr-Asn-Tyr-[Asn或Ser]-Gln-[Lys或Asn]-Phe-[Lys或Met]-Gly(SEQ ID NO:48);
HVR-H3:Gly-Leu-Ser-Gly-Asn-[Tyr或Phe]-Val-[Met或Val]-Asp-[Tyr或Phe](SEQ ID NO:49)。(见表4)。表4中还提供了II和IV类的共有序列。
在一些方面中,本发明提供包含选自下述的至少一个、两个、三个、四个、五个或六个HVR的抗-TfR抗体:(a)包含SEQ ID NO:47的氨基酸序列的HVR-H1;(b)包含SEQ ID NO:48的氨基酸序列的HVR-H2;(c)包含SEQ ID NO:49的氨基酸序列的HVR-H3;(d)包含SEQ IDNO:45的氨基酸序列的HVR-L1;(e)包含SEQ ID NO:30的氨基酸序列的HVR-L2;和(f)包含SEQ ID NO:46的氨基酸序列的HVR-L3。在一些方面中,所述抗体包含全部六个上述HVR序列。
在一些方面中,本发明提供包含选自下述的至少一个、两个、三个、四个、五个或六个HVR的抗-TfR抗体:(a)包含SEQ ID NO:53的氨基酸序列的HVR-H1;(b)包含SEQ ID NO:69的氨基酸序列的HVR-H2;(c)包含SEQ ID NO:70的氨基酸序列的HVR-H3;(d)包含SEQ IDNO:66的氨基酸序列的HVR-L1;(e)包含SEQ ID NO:67的氨基酸序列的HVR-L2;和(f)包含SEQ ID NO:68的氨基酸序列的HVR-L3。在一些方面中,所述抗体包含全部六个上述HVR序列。
在一些方面中,本发明提供包含选自下述的至少一个、两个、三个、四个、五个或六个HVR的抗-TfR抗体:(a)包含SEQ ID NO:100的氨基酸序列的HVR-H1;(b)包含SEQ ID NO:101的氨基酸序列的HVR-H2;(c)包含SEQ ID NO:102的氨基酸序列的HVR-H3;(d)包含SEQID NO:97的氨基酸序列的HVR-L1;(e)包含SEQ ID NO:98的氨基酸序列的HVR-L2;和(f)包含SEQ ID NO:99的氨基酸序列的HVR-L3。在一些方面中,所述抗体包含全部六个上述HVR序列。
在一些方面中,本发明提供包含前述抗体中任一种的至少一个、至少两个或全部三个VH HVR序列的抗体。在一些实施方案中,所述抗体包含前述抗体中任一种的HVR-H3序列。在另一个实施方案中,所述抗体包含前述抗体中任一种的HVR-H3和HVR-L3序列。在另一个实施方案中,所述抗体包含前述抗体中任一种的HVR-H3、HVR-L3和HVR-H2序列。在另一个实施方案中,所述抗体包含前述抗体中任一种的HVR-H1、HVR-H2和HVR-H3序列。在另一个方面中,本发明提供包含前述抗体中任一种的至少一个、至少两个或全部三个VL HVR序列的抗体。在一些实施方案中,所述抗体包含前述抗体中任一种的HVR-L1、HVR-L2和HVR-L3序列。
在另一个方面中,本发明的抗体包含:(a)包含选自前述抗体中任一种的HVR-H1、HVR-H2和HVR-H3序列的至少一个、至少两个或全部三个VH HVR序列的VH结构域,其中所述VH结构域包含M108L突变;和(b)包含选自前述抗体中任一种的HVR-L1、HVR-L2和HVR-L3序列的至少一个、至少两个或全部三个VL HVR序列的VL结构域。
在前述实施方案的任一个中,抗-TfR抗体被人源化。在一些实施方案中,抗-TfR抗体包含如在上述实施方案任一个中的HVR,并且还包含接纳体人构架,例如,人免疫球蛋白构架或人共有构架。在另一个实施方案中,抗-TfR抗体包含如在上述实施方案任一个中的HVR,并且还包含在一个或多个FR区中含有一个或多个氨基酸置换的VH或VL。按照本文的实施例2,申请人对选自上述那些的某些抗体进行丙氨酸扫描,并且确定,尽管在所选FR位置的氨基酸修饰,仍获得相似的或改善的结合。如在本文中的图6-1和6-2和实施例2所示,对于I-III类抗体组,所述抗体在FR的一个或多个残基处具有修饰的变体形式保留亲和力和结合特异性。例如,对于抗体15G11,轻链FR2中的位置43和48,重链FR2中的位置48,和重链FR3中的位置67、69、71和73可以如图6-1和6-2所示进行修饰,并且得到的抗体仍然保留针对人/灵长类TfR的特异性和强结合亲和力。在另一个实例中,对于抗体7A4,轻链FR3的位置58和68,重链FR1中的位置24和重链FR3中的位置71可以如图6-1和6-2所述进行修饰,并且得到的抗体仍然保留针对人/灵长类TfR的特异性和强结合亲和力。在第三个实例中,对于抗体16F6,轻链FR2的位置43和44和重链FR3的位置71和78可以如图6-1和6-2所示进行修饰,并且得到的抗体仍然保留针对人/灵长类TfR的特异性和强结合亲和力。在一些实施方案中,抗体包含具有M108L突变的VH结构域。
在另一个方面中,抗-TfR抗体包含的重链可变结构域(VH)序列与SEQ ID NOs:7-10,15-18,20,25-28,108,114,120,126,153和154中任一项的氨基酸序列具有至少90%,91%,92%,93%,94%,95%,96%,97%,98%,99%或100%的序列同一性。在某些实施方案中,相对于参比序列,具有至少90%,91%,92%,93%,94%,95%,96%,97%,98%或99%同一性的VH序列包含置换(例如,保守置换)、插入或缺失,但是包含所述序列的抗-TfR抗体保留与TfR结合的能力。在某些实施方案中,在SEQ ID NOs:7-10,15-18,20,25-28,108,114,120,126,153和154任一项中总计有1至10个氨基酸被置换、插入和/或缺失。在某些实施方案中,置换、插入或缺失发生在HVR外的区域中(即,在FR中)。任选地,抗-TfR抗体包含SEQ ID NOs:7-10,15-18,20,25-28,108,114,120,126,153和154中任一项的VH序列,包括所述序列的翻译后修饰。在一个特别的实施方案中,特定抗体的VH包含一个、两个或三个选自以下的HVR:上文和表3或4中关于所述特定抗体列出的HVR。关于某些抗体的VH序列显示在本文的图3和4中。在一些实施方案中,本发明提供包含SEQ ID NO:158或159的VH序列的抗-TfR抗体。
在另一个方面中,提供抗-TfR抗体,其中所述抗体包含的轻链可变结构域(VL)与SEQ ID NOs:4-6,11-14,19,21-24,105,111,117,123,151和152中任一项的氨基酸序列具有至少90%,91%,92%,93%,94%,95%,96%,97%,98%,99%或100%的序列同一性。在某些实施方案中,相对于参比序列,具有至少90%,91%,92%,93%,94%,95%,96%,97%,98%或99%同一性的VL序列包含置换(例如,保守置换)、插入或缺失,但是包含所述序列的抗-TfR抗体保持与TfR结合的能力。在某些实施方案中,在SEQ ID NOs:4-6,11-14,19,21-24,105,111,117,123,151和152任一项中总计有1至10个氨基酸被置换、插入和/或缺失。在某些实施方案中,置换、插入或缺失发生在HVR外的区域中(即,在FR中)。任选地,抗-TfR抗体包含SEQ ID NOs:4-6,11-14,19,21-24,105,111,117,123,151和152中任一项的VL序列,包括所述序列的翻译后修饰。在一个特别的实施方案中,VL包含一个、两个或三个选自以下的HVR上文和表4或5中关于所述特定抗体列出的HVR。在一些实施方案中,本发明提供包含SEQ ID NO:162或163的VL序列的抗-TfR抗体。
在另一个方面中,提供抗-TfR抗体,其中所述抗体包含如在任何以上提供的实施方案中的VH,和如在任何以上提供的实施方案中的VL。在一个实施方案中,所述抗体包含分别为下述的VL和VH序列:SEQ ID NOs:4和7;5和8;5和9;6和10;4和7;11和15;12和16;13和17;14和18;19和20;21和25;22和26;23和27;24和28;105和108;152和108;151和108;152和153;152和154;105和153;105和154;111和114;117和120;以及123和126,包括这些序列的翻译后修饰。在一些实施方案中,本发明提供包含SEQ ID NO:158或159的VH序列和SEQ IDNO:162或163的VL序列的抗-TfR抗体。在一些实施方案中,本发明提供包含SEQ ID NO:158的VH序列和SEQ ID NO:162的VL序列或包含SEQ ID NO:159的VH序列和SEQ ID NO:163的VL序列的抗-TfR抗体。
在另一个方面中,本发明提供抗体,所述抗体结合与本文中提供的抗-TfR抗体相同的表位。例如,在某些实施方案中,提供这样的抗体,其与包含分别为SEQ ID NOs:4和7;5和8;5和9;6和10;4和7;11和15;12和16;13和17;14和18;19和20;21和25;22和26;23和27;24和28;105和108;152和108;151和108;152和153;152和154;105和153;105和154;111和114;117和120;或123和126的VL和VH序列的抗-TfR抗体结合相同的表位。在一些方面中,所述抗体与I类中的任一种抗体(即,克隆7A4,8A2,15D2,10D11或7B10或这些抗体中任一种的亲和力成熟版本)竞争与TfR的结合。在另一个方面中,所述抗体与II类中的任一种抗体(即,克隆15G11,16G5,13C3或16G或这些抗体中任一种的亲和力成熟版本)竞争与TfR的结合。在另一个方面中,所述抗体与克隆16F6或其亲和力成熟版本竞争与TfR的结合。在另一个方面中,所述抗体与IV类中的任一种抗体(即,克隆7G7,4C2,1B12或13D4或其亲和力成熟版本)竞争与TfR的结合。
在本发明的另一方面中,上述任一实施方案所述的抗-TfR抗体是单克隆抗体,包括嵌合、人源化或人抗体。在一些实施方案中,抗-TfR抗体是抗体片段,例如,Fv,Fab,Fab’,scFv,双抗体或F(ab’)2片段。在另一个实施方案中,所述抗体是全长抗体,例如,完整的IgG1,IgG2,IgG3或IgG4抗体或本文所定义的其他抗体种类或同种型。
在一些实施方案中,本发明提供包含具有SEQ ID NO:160的序列的重链和具有SEQID NO:61的序列的轻链的抗-TfR抗体。在一些此类实施方案中,所述抗体是多特异性抗体。
在另一方面中,上述任一实施方案所述的抗-TfR抗体可以结合下述方面1-7中所述的任意特征(单独的或组合的):
1.抗体亲合力
在某些实施方案中,本文提供的抗体具有的解离常数(Kd)≤1μM,≤100nM,≤10nM,≤1nM,≤0.1nM,≤0.01nM或≤0.001nM(例如10-8M以下,例如10-8M至10-13M,例如,10- 9M至10-13M)。
在本发明的某些方面中,本发明的“低亲和力”抗-TfR抗体是基于,例如,实施例5和Atwal等人,Sci.Transl.Med.3,84ra43(2011)和Yu等人,Sci.Transl.Med.2011年5月25日:Vol.3,Issue 84,p.84ra44的结果选择的,这些结果表明此类针对TfR的较低亲和力抗体在脑/CNS中表现出改善的CNS(例如,脑)摄取和/或持续性。为了鉴定此类低亲和力抗体,多种用于测量抗体亲和力的测定是可用的,包括,但不限于,斯卡查德(Scatchard)测定和表面等离子体共振技术(例如使用)。根据本发明的一些实施方案,抗体对人或灵长类TfR的亲和力为从约5nM,或从约20nM,或从约100nM,至约50μM,或至约30μM,或至约10μM,或至约1μM,或至约500nM。因此,亲和力可以在约5nM至约50μM的范围内,或在约20nM至约30μM的范围内,或在约30nM至约30μM的范围内,或在约50nM至约1μM的范围内,或在约100nM至约500nM的范围内,例如通过斯卡查德分析或者所测量的。在本发明的另一个实施方案中,抗体与TfR的解离半衰期为小于1分钟,小于2分钟,小于3分钟,小于四分钟,小于5分钟,或小于10分钟至约20分钟,或至约30分钟,如通过竞争结合分析或所测量的。
因此,本发明提供制备可以用于将神经系统疾病药物转运穿过血脑屏障的抗体的方法,所述方法包括从一组针对TfR的抗体中选择一种抗体(因为其对TfR的亲和力在从约5nM,或从约20nM,或从约100nM,至约50μM,或至约30μM,或至约10μM,或至约1μM,或至约500mM的范围内)。因此,亲和力可以在约5nM至约50μM的范围内,或在约20nM至约30μm的范围内,或在约30nM至约30μm的范围内,或在约50nM至约1μM的范围内,或在约100nM至约500nM的范围内,例如通过斯卡查德分析或者则量的。如本领域普通技术人员将理解的,由于例如空间位阻或甚至由于一个结合臂的消除(如果抗体被制成多特异性的,具有与不同于该抗体的原始靶标的抗原结合的一个或多个臂),将异源分子/化合物与抗体缀合将通常降低该抗体对其靶标的亲和力。在一些实施方案中,与抗BACE1缀合的本发明的特异性针对TfR的低亲和力抗体具有如通过BIACORE测量的约30nM的对TfR的Kd。在另一个实施方案中,与BACE1缀合的本发明的特异性针对TfR的低亲和力抗体具有如通过BIACORE测量的约600nM的对TfR的Kd。在另一个实施方案中,与BACE1缀合的本发明的特异性针对TfR的低亲和力抗体具有如通过BIACORE测量的约20μM的对TfR的Kd。在另一个实施方案中,与BACE1缀合的本发明的特异性针对TfR的低亲和力抗体具有如通过BIACORE测量的约30μM的对TfR的Kd。
在一些实施方案中,Kd通过放射性标记的抗原结合测定法(RIA)测量。在一些实施方案中,RIA用目的抗体的Fab形式及其抗原进行。例如,Fab对抗原的溶液结合亲合力通过在存在未标记抗原的滴定系列的情况下,用最小浓度的(125I)-标记的抗原平衡Fab,接着用抗-Fab抗体-包被的平板捕获结合的抗原来测量(参见,例如,Chen等人,J.Mol.Biol.293:865-881(1999))。为了确定测定的条件,将多孔板(Thermo Scientific)用5μg/ml的在50mM碳酸钠(pH 9.6)中的捕获抗-Fab抗体(Cappel Labs)包被过夜,并随后用PBS中的2%(w/v)牛血清白蛋白在室温(约23℃)封闭二至五小时。在非吸附板(Nunc#269620)中,将100pM或26pM[125I]-抗原与目的Fab的系列稀释物混合(例如,与在Presta等人,Cancer Res.57:4593-4599(1997)中的抗-VEGF抗体,Fab-12的评估一致)。接着,将目的Fab温育过夜;然而,温育可以持续更长的阶段(例如,约65小时)从而确保达到平衡。随后,将混合物转移到捕获板中以在室温进行温育(例如,持续一小时)。接着,去除溶液,并将所述板用在PBS中的0.1%聚山梨醇酯20洗涤八次。当所述板已经干燥时,加入150μl/孔的闪烁剂(MICROSCINT-20TM;Packard),并将所述板在TOPCOUNTTMγ计数器(Packard)上计数十分钟。选择提供少于或等于20%的最大结合的每种Fab的浓度用在竞争性结合测定中。
在一些方面中,RIA是斯卡查德分析。例如,可以使用乳过氧化物酶法(Bennett和Horuk,Methods in Enzymology 288第134-148页(1997))将目的抗-TfR抗体碘化。使用NAP-5柱通过凝胶过滤纯化放射性标记的抗-TfR抗体以使其与游离的125I-Na分开,并测量其比活性。将50μL含有固定浓度的碘化抗体和递减浓度的连续稀释的未标记抗体的竞争反应混合物放置在96-孔板中。在37℃在5%CO2中在生长培养基中培养瞬时表达TfR的细胞,所述生长培养基由补充以10%FBS,2mM L-谷氨酰胺和1×青霉素-链霉素的Dulbecco改良eagle氏培养基(DMEM)(Genentech)组成。使用Sigma细胞解离溶液(Sigma CellDissociation Solution)将细胞与培养皿脱离,并用结合缓冲液(含有1%牛血清白蛋白,50mM HEPES,pH 7.2,和0.2%叠氮化钠的DMEM)洗涤。将洗涤的细胞以200,000个细胞/0.2mL结合缓冲液的近似密度添加到含有50-μL竞争反应混合物的96-孔板中。未标记的抗体在含有细胞的竞争反应中的终浓度是变化的,开始为1000nM,然后通过1∶2倍稀释递减达10个浓度,并且包括零添加、仅有缓冲液的样品。测定每个浓度的未标记抗体的含有细胞的竞争反应,一式三份。将含有细胞的竞争反应在室温温育2小时。在2小时温育后,将竞争反应液转移至滤板,并用结合缓冲液洗涤四次以将游离的与结合的碘化抗体分离。通过γ计数器对过滤器进行计数,并使用Munson和Rodbard的拟合算法(1980)评估结合数据以确定抗体的结合亲和力。
可以如下述进行使用本发明的组合物的示例性分析。Kd是使用表面等离子体共振测定法使用-2000(BIAcore,Inc.,Piscataway,NJ)在25℃使用抗-人Fc试剂盒(BiAcore Inc.,Piscataway,NJ)测量的。简言之,依照供应商的说明用N-乙基-N’-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)-碳二亚胺盐酸盐(EDC)和N-羟基-琥珀酰亚胺(NHS)活化羧甲基化葡聚糖生物传感器芯片(CM5,BIACORE,Inc.)。用10mM乙酸钠(pH 4.0)将抗-人Fc抗体稀释至50μg/ml,然后以5μl/分钟的流速注入,以获得约10000个响应单位(RU)的偶联蛋白质。在注入抗体后,注入1M乙醇胺以封闭未反应的基团。为了进行动力学测量,将单特异性或多特异性抗-TfR抗体变体注入到HBS-P中至达到约220RU,然后在25℃以约30μl/min的流速将MuTfR-His的两倍连续稀释液(0.61nM至157nM)注入到HBS-P中。使用简单一对一朗格缪尔(Langmuir)结合模型(Evaluation Software version 3.2)通过同时拟合缔合和解离传感图来计算缔合速率(kon)和解离速率(koff)。平衡解离常数(Kd)以比率koff/kon计算。参见例如Chen等人,J.Mol.Biol.293:865-881(1999)。
根据另一个实施方案,Kd是使用表面等离子体共振测定法使用-2000装置(BIAcore,Inc.,Piscataway,NJ)在25℃使用抗-人Fc试剂盒(BiAcore Inc.,Piscataway,NJ)测量的。简言之,依照供应商的说明用N-乙基-N’-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)-碳二亚胺盐酸盐(EDC)和N-羟基-琥珀酰亚胺(NHS)活化羧甲基化葡聚糖生物传感器芯片(CM5,BIACORE,Inc.)。用10mM乙酸钠(pH 4.0)将抗-人Fc抗体稀释至50μg/ml,然后以5μl/分钟的流速注入,以获得约10000个响应单位(RU)的偶联蛋白质。在注入抗体后,注入1M乙醇胺以封闭未反应的基团。为了进行动力学测量,将抗-TfR抗体变体注入到HBS-P中至达到约220RU,然后在25℃以约30μl/min的流速将TfR-His的两倍连续稀释液(0.61nM至157nM)注入到HBS-P中。使用简单一对一朗格缪尔(Langmuir)结合模型(Evaluation Software version 3.2)通过同时拟合缔合和解离传感图来计算缔合速率(kon)和解离速率(koff)。平衡解离常数(Kd)以比率koff/kon计算。参见例如Chen等人,J.Mol.Biol.293:865-881(1999)。
本领域已知若干种确定给定化合物的IC50的方法;普遍方法是进行竞争结合测定,如本文所述的。通常,高IC50指示需要更多的抗体以抑制已知配体的结合,并且因此该抗体对所述配体的亲和力相对较低。反之,低IC50指示需要较少的抗体以抑制已知配体的结合,并且因此该抗体对所述配体的亲和力相对较高。
测量IC50的示例性竞争性ELISA测定是这样的测定,其中将递增浓度的抗-TfR或抗-TfR/脑抗原(即,抗-TfR/BACE1,抗-TfR/Aβ等)变体抗体用于与生物素化的已知的抗-TfR抗体竞争结合TfR。抗-TfR竞争ELISA在包被以2.5μg/ml纯化的鼠TfR胞外结构域(在PBS中)的Maxisorp板(Neptune,N.J.)中在4℃过夜进行。将平板用PBS/0.05%Tween 20洗涤,并使用在PBS中的Superblock封闭缓冲液(Thermo Scientific,Hudson,NH)封闭。将每种个体抗-TfR或抗-TfR/脑抗原(即,抗-TfR/BACE1或抗-TfR/Aβ)的滴定液(1∶3连续稀释)与生物素化的抗-TfR(0.5nM终浓度)组合并加入到平板,在室温1小时。将平板用PBS/0.05%Tween 20洗涤,并将HRP-链霉抗生物素蛋白(Southern Biotech,Birmingham)加入到平板中,并在室温温育1小时。用PBS/0.05%Tween 20洗涤平板,并且使用TMB底物(BioFXLaboratories,Owings Mills)检测与平板结合的生物素化的抗-TfR抗体。
2.抗体片段
在某些实施方案中,本文提供的抗体是抗体片段。抗体片段包括但不限于,Fab,Fab’,Fab’-SH,F(ab’)2,Fv和scFv片段,以及以下描述的其他片段。对于特定抗体片段的综述,请参见Hudson等人,Nat.Med.9:129-134(2003)。对于scFv片段的综述,参见,例如,Pluckthün,在The Pharmacology of Monoclonal Antibodies(单克隆抗体的药理学)中,卷113,Rosenburg和Moore编,(Springer-Verlag,New York),第269-315页(1994);还参见WO 93/16185;和美国专利号5,571,894和5,587,458。对于包含拯救受体(salvagereceptor)结合表位残基和具有提高的体内半衰期的Fab和F(ab′)2片段的讨论,参见美国专利号5,869,046。
双抗体是具有两个抗原结合位点的抗体片段,其可以是二价或双特异性的。参见,例如,EP 404,097;WO 1993/01161;Hudson等人,Nat.Med.9:129-134(2003);和Hollinger等人,Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA 90:6444-6448(1993)。三抗体和四抗体也描述于Hudson等人,Nat.Med.9:129-134(2003)中。
单一结构域抗体是包含抗体的全部或部分重链可变结构域或全部或部分轻链可变结构域的抗体片段。在某些实施方案中,单一结构域抗体是人单一结构域抗体(Domantis,Inc.,Waltham,MA;参见,例如,美国专利号6,248,516 B1)。
抗体片段可以通过多种技术制备,包括但不限于完整抗体的蛋白水解消化以及通过重组宿主细胞(例如大肠杆菌或噬菌体)产生,如本文所述。
3.嵌合抗体和人源化抗体
在某些实施方案中,本文中所提供的抗体是嵌合抗体。某些嵌合抗体于例如美国专利号4,816,567;及Morrison等人,Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA,81:6851-6855(1984)中描述。在一个实例中,嵌合抗体包含非人可变区(例如源自小鼠、大鼠、仓鼠、兔或例如猴的非人灵长类的可变区)及人恒定区。本文感兴趣的嵌合抗体包括“灵长类源化(primatized)”抗体,该抗体包含来源于非人灵长类(例如旧世界猴(Old World Monkey),如狒狒、恒河猴(rhesus)或者食蟹猴(cynomolgus monkey))的可变结构域抗原-结合序列以及人恒定区序列(美国专利号5,693,780)。在另一实例中,嵌合抗体是种类或亚类已经自亲本抗体的种类或亚类发生变化的“种类转变”抗体。嵌合抗体包括其抗原结合片段。
在某些实施方案中,嵌合抗体是人源化抗体。典型地,非人抗体经人源化以降低对人的免疫原性,同时保持亲本非人抗体的特异性及亲和力。一般而言,人源化抗体包含一个或多个可变结构域,其中HVR,例如CDR(或其部分)源自非人抗体,且FR(或其部分)是源自人抗体序列。人源化抗体任选地也将包含人恒定区的至少一部分。在一些实施方案中,人源化抗体中的一些FR残基经来自非人抗体(例如HVR残基所源自的抗体)的相应残基置换,例如以恢复或提高抗体特异性或亲和力。
人源化抗体及其制备方法于例如Almagro和Fransson,Front.Biosci.13:1619-1633(2008)中评述,且进一步于例如Riechmann等人,Nature 332:323-329(1988);Queen等人,Proc.Nat’l Acad.Sci.USA 86:10029-10033(1989);美国专利号5,821,337、7,527,791、6,982,321和7,087,409;Kashmiri等人,Methods 36:25-34(2005)(描述特异性决定区(SDR)移接);Padlan,Mol.Immunol.28:489-498(1991)(描述“表面重整”);Dall’Acqua等人,Methods 36:43-60(2005)(描述“FR重组(shuffling)”);及Osbourn等人,Methods 36:61-68(2005)和Klimka等人,Br.J.Cancer,83:252-260(2000)(描述FR重组(shuffling)的“导向选择”方法)中描述。
可用于人源化的人构架区包括,但不限于:使用“最佳拟合”法选择的构架区(例如,参见Sims等人J.Immunol.151:2296(1993));源自特定亚群的轻链或重链可变区的人抗体共有序列的构架区(例如,参见Carter等人,Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA,89:4285(1992);和Presta等人,J.Immunol.,151:2623(1993));人成熟(体细胞突变)构架区或人种系构架区(例如,参见Almagro和Fransson,Front.Biosci.13:1619-1633(2008));及源自筛选FR文库的构架区(例如,参见Baca等人,J.Biol.Chem.272:10678-10684(1997)和Rosok等人,J.Biol.Chem.271:22611-22618(1996))。
4.人抗体
在某些实施方案中,本文中所提供的抗体是人抗体。可使用本领域中已知的各种技术来制备人抗体。人抗体一般描述于van Dijk和van de Winkel,Curr.Opin.Pharmacol.5:368-74(2001)和Lonberg,Curr.Opin.Immunol.20:450-459(2008)中。
可以通过向已经经过修饰的转基因动物施用免疫原以响应抗原攻击刺激产生完整人抗体或具有人可变区的完整抗体来制备人抗体。这些动物通常含有全部或一部分人免疫球蛋白基因座,其替代了内源免疫球蛋白基因座,或存在于染色体外或随机整合于动物染色体内。在这些转基因小鼠中,内源免疫球蛋白基因座一般已经失活。关于从转基因动物获得人抗体的方法的综述,参见Lonberg,Nat.Biotech.23:1117-1125(2005)。也参见例如描述XENOMOUSETM技术的美国专利号6,075,181和6,150,584;描述技术的美国专利号5,770,429;描述K-M技术的美国专利号7,041,870,及描述技术的美国专利申请公开号US 2007/0061900。这些动物产生的完整抗体的人可变区可进一步修饰,例如通过与不同人恒定区组合进行修饰。
人抗体也可通过基于杂交瘤的方法制得。已经描述了用于产生人单克隆抗体的人骨髓瘤及小鼠-人杂合骨髓瘤(heteromyeloma)细胞系。(例如,参见Kozbor J.Immunol.,133:3001(1984);Brodeur等人,Monoclonal Antibody Production Techniques andApplications(单克隆抗体产生技术及应用),第51-63页(Marcel Dekker,Inc.,New York,1987);和Boerner等人,J.Immunol.,147:86(1991)。)通过人B细胞杂交瘤技术产生的人抗体也在Li等人,Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci..USA,103:3557-3562(2006)中描述。其他方法包括例如美国专利号7,189,826(描述由杂交瘤细胞系产生单克隆人IgM抗体)及Ni,XiandaiMianyixue,26(4):265-268(2006)(描述人-人杂交瘤)中所述的那些方法。人杂交瘤技术(Trioma技术)也于Vollmers和Brandlein,Histology and Histopathology,20(3):927-937(2005),及Vollmers和Brandlein,Methods and Findings in Experimental andClinical Pharmacology,27(3):185-91(2005)中描述。
也可通过分离选自源自人的噬菌体展示文库的Fv克隆可变结构域序列产生人抗体。随后可将这些可变结构域序列与所需的人恒定结构域组合。下文描述从抗体文库选择人抗体的技术。
5.源自文库的抗体
可通过在组合文库中筛选具有所需的一种或多种活性的抗体来分离本发明抗体。举例来说,本领域中已知多种用于产生噬菌体展示文库并且在这些文库中筛选具有所需结合特征的抗体的方法。这些方法于例如Hoogenboom等人,在Methods in MolecularBiology 178:1-37(O′Brien等人编,Human Press,Totowa,NJ,2001)中综述,并且进一步于例如McCafferty等人,Nature 348:552-554;Clackso等人,Nature 352:624-628(1991);Marks等人,J.Mol.Biol.222:581-597(1992);Marks和Bradbury,在Methods in MolecularBiology 248:161-175(Lo编,Human Press,Totowa,NJ,2003);Sidhu等人,J.Mol.Biol.338(2):299-310(2004);Lee等人,J.Mol.Biol.340(5):1073-1093(2004);Fellouse,Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA 101(34):12467-12472(2004);以及Lee等人,J.Immunol.Methods 284(1-2):119-132(2004)中描述。
在某些噬菌体展示方法中,VH及VL全体成员(repertoire)是通过聚合酶链式反应(PCR)分别克隆并且随机重组于噬菌体文库中,随后可如Winter等人,Ann.Rev.Immunol.,12:433-455(1994)中所述在其中筛选结合抗原的噬菌体。噬菌体通常展示单链Fv(scFv)片段或Fab片段形式的抗体片段。来自免疫来源的文库无需构建杂交瘤即可提供针对免疫原的高亲和力抗体。或者,天然的全体成员可经克隆(例如自人)以在无任何免疫的情况下提供针对多种非自体抗原以及自体抗原的抗体单一来源,如Griffiths等人,EMBO J,12:725-734(1993)所述。最后,也可以通过从干细胞克隆未重排的V基因区段,并且使用含有随机序列的PCR引物来编码高变性CDR3区,并且实现体外重排来合成制得天然文库,如Hoogenboom和Winter,J.Mol.Biol.,227:381-388(1992)所述。例如,描述人抗体噬菌体文库的专利公开物包括:美国专利号5,750,373,及美国专利公开号2005/0079574、2005/0119455、2005/0266000、2007/0117126、2007/0160598、2007/0237764、2007/0292936和2009/0002360。
从人抗体文库分离的抗体或抗体片段被视为本文的人抗体或人抗体片段。
6.多特异性抗体
在某些实施方案中,本文中所提供的抗体是多特异性抗体,例如双特异性抗体。多特异性抗体是对至少两个不同位点具有结合特异性的单克隆抗体。在某些实施方案中,一种结合特异性是针对TfR而另一种是针对任何其他抗原。在某些实施方案中,双特异性抗体可结合至TfR的两个不同表位。双特异性抗体也可用于将细胞毒性剂定位于表达TfR的细胞。双特异性抗体可制成全长抗体或抗体片段形式。
制造多特异性抗体的技术包括,但不限于,具有不同特异性的两个免疫球蛋白重链-轻链对的重组共表达(参见Milstein和Cuello,Nature 305:537(1983)),WO 93/08829,和Traunecker等人,EMBO J.10:3655(1991)),及“凸起-入-孔洞(knob-in-hole)”工程改造(参见例如美国专利号5,731,168)。也可通过以下方法制得多特异性抗体:工程改造用于制备抗体Fc-异二聚体的静电导引效应(WO 2009/089004A1);将两种或更多种抗体或片段交联(参见例如美国专利号4,676,980,和Brennan等人,Science,229:81(1985));使用亮氨酸拉链来产生双特异性抗体(参见例如Kostelny等人,J.Immunol.,148(5):1547-1553(1992));使用“双抗体”技术来制得双特异性抗体片段(参见例如Hollinger等人,Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA,90:6444-6448(1993));及使用单链Fv(sFv)二聚体(参见例如Gruber等人,J.Immunol.,152:5368(1994));及如例如Tutt等人,J.Immunol.147:60(1991)中所述制备三特异性抗体。
本文的抗体或片段还包括包含结合TfR以及另一不同抗原的抗原结合位点的“双重作用Fab”或“DAF”(例如,参见US 2008/0069820)。
根据本发明的一个实施方案,通过生成多特异性抗体(例如双特异性抗体)实现“偶联”。多特异性抗体是对至少两个不同抗原或表位具有结合特异性的单克隆抗体。在一些实施方案中,多特异性抗体包含结合TfR的第一抗原结合位点和结合脑抗原的第二抗原结合位点,所述脑抗原如β-分泌酶1(BACE1)或Aβ,和本文所公开的其他脑抗原。
为此种多特异性/双特异性抗体所结合的示例性脑抗原是BACE1,并且与其结合的示例性抗体是本文中图16A-B中的YW412.8.31抗体。
在另一个实施方案中,脑抗原是Aβ,示例性的此种抗体被公开于WO2007068412,WO2008011348,WO20080156622,和WO2008156621中(所述文献通过引用清楚地结合于本文中),其中示例性Aβ抗体包括包含分别在图11A和11B中的重链和轻链氨基酸序列的IgG4MABT5102A抗体。
用于制备多特异性抗体的技术包括但不限于,重组共表达具有不同特异性的两个免疫球蛋白重链-轻链对(参见Milstein和Cuello,Nature 305:537(1983)),WO 93/08829和Traunecker等人,EMBO J.10:3655(1991)),及“凸起-入-孔洞(knob-in-hole)”工程改造(参见例如美国专利号5,731,168)。也可通过以下方法制得多特异性抗体:工程改造用于制备抗体Fc-异二聚分子的静电导引效应(WO 2009/089004A1);将两种或更多种抗体或片段交联(参见例如美国专利号4,676,980,和Brennan等人,Science,229:81(1985));使用亮氨酸拉链来产生双特异性抗体(参见例如Kostelny等人,J.Immunol.,148(5):1547-1553(1992));使用“双抗体”技术来制得双特异性抗体片段(参见例如Hollinger等人,Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA,90:6444-6448(1993));及使用单链Fv(sFv)二聚体(参见例如Gruber等人,J.Immunol.,152:5368(1994)),及如例如Tutt等人,J.Immunol.147:60(1991)中所述制备三特异性抗体。
本文中也包括具有三个以上功能性抗原结合位点的经改造的抗体,包括“章鱼抗体(Octopus antibodies)”或“双-可变结构域免疫球蛋白”(DVD)(参见,例如US 2006/0025576A1,和Wu等人,Nature Biotechnology(2007))。
7.抗体变体
在某些实施方案中,涵盖本文中所提供抗体的氨基酸序列变体。举例来说,提高抗体的结合亲和力和/或其他生物学特性可能是合乎需要的。可通过在编码抗体的核苷酸序列中引入适当的修饰或通过肽合成来制备抗体的氨基酸序列变体。这些修饰包括例如抗体氨基酸序列内的残基缺失和/或插入其中和/或对其进行置换。可进行缺失、插入和置换的任何组合以获得最终构建体,条件是最终构建体具有所需特征,例如抗原结合。
a)置换、插入和缺失变体
在某些实施方案中,提供具有一个或多个氨基酸置换的抗体变体。用于置换性诱变的目的位点包括HVR和FR。保守性置换显示在表2中在“优选的置换”的标题下。更多实质性变化于表2中的“示例性置换”的标题下提供且如下文关于氨基酸侧链种类进一步描述。可将氨基酸置换引入目的抗体中并筛选具有所需活性(例如保持/提高的抗原结合、降低的免疫原性、或提高的ADCC或CDC)的产物。
表2
原始残基 | 示例性置换 | 优选的置换 |
Ala(A) | Val;Leu;Ile | Val |
Arg(R) | Iys;Gln;Asn | Lys |
Asn(N) | Gln;His;Asp,Lys;Arg | Gln |
Asp(D) | Glu;Asn | Glu |
Cys(C) | Ser;Ala | Ser |
Gln(Q) | Asn;Glu | Asn |
Glu(E) | Asp;Gln | Asp |
Gly(G) | Ala | Ala |
His(H) | Asn;Gln;Lys;Arg | Arg |
Ile(I) | Leu;Val;Met;Ala;Phe;正亮氨酸 | Leu |
Leu(L) | 正亮氨酸;Ile;Val;Met;Ala;Phe | Ile |
Lys(K) | Arg;Gln;Asn | Arg |
Met(M) | Leu;Phe;Ile | Leu |
Phe(F) | Trp;Leu;Val;Ile;Ala;Tyr | Tyr |
Pro(P) | Ala | Ala |
Ser(S) | Thr | Thr |
Thr(T) | Val;Ser | Ser |
Trp(w) | Tyr;Phe | Tyr |
Tyr(Y) | Trp;Phe;Thr;Ser | Phe |
Val(V) | Ile;Leu;Met;Phe;Ala;正亮氨酸 | Leu |
可根据常见侧链特性将氨基酸分组:
(1)疏水性:正亮氨酸,Met,Ala,Val,Leu,Ile;
(2)中性亲水性:Cys,Ser,Thr,Asn,Gln;
(3)酸性:Asp,Glu;
(4)碱性:His,Lys,Arg;
(5)影响链取向的残基:Gly,Pro;
(6)芳香性:Trp,Tyr,Phe。
非保守性置换将需要将这些种类中的一种的成员换成另一种类。
一种类型的置换变体涉及置换亲本抗体(例如人源化抗体或人抗体)的一个或多个高变区残基。一般而言,选择用于进一步研究的所得变体的某些生物学特性相对于亲本抗体改变(例如提高)(例如亲和力增加、免疫原性降低)和/或将实质上保持亲本抗体的某些生物学特性。示例性的置换变体是亲和力成熟抗体,其可例如使用基于噬菌体展示的亲和力成熟技术,例如本文中所述的那些,方便地产生。简言之,一个或多个HVR残基被突变,且变异抗体被展现在噬菌体上,并针对特定生物学活性(例如结合亲和力)对其进行筛选。
可在HVR中进行改变(例如置换),例如以提高抗体亲和力。这些改变可在HVR“热点”(即由在体细胞成熟过程中经历高频率突变的密码子编码的残基)中进行(参见例如Chowdhury,Methods Mol.Biol.207:179-196(2008));和/或在接触抗原的残基中进行,其中测试所得到的变异VH或VL的结合亲和力。通过构建并且自次级文库重新选择而获得的亲和力成熟已记述在例如Hoogenboom等人,Methods in Molecular Biology 178:1-37(O′Brien等人编,Human Press,Totowa,NJ,(2001))中。在亲和力成熟的一些实施方案中,通过多种方法(例如易错PCR(error-prone PCR)、链该组(shuffling)或寡核苷酸定向诱变)中任一种将多样性引入经选择用于成熟的可变基因中。随后产生次级文库。随后筛选该文库以鉴别具有所需亲和力的任何抗体变体。另一引入多样性的方法涉及HVR定向方法,其中数个HVR残基(例如每次4-6个残基)被随机化。可例如使用丙氨酸扫描诱变或建模来特定地鉴别抗原结合中所涉及的HVR残基。特定地,通常靶向CDR-H3及CDR-L3。
在某些实施方案中,置换、插入或缺失可在一个或多个HVR内进行,只要这些改变不实质上降低抗体结合抗原的能力即可。举例来说,可在HVR中进行不实质上降低结合亲和力的保守性改变(例如如本文中所提供的保守性置换)。例如,这些改变可在HVR中的抗原接触残基之外。在上文提供的变异VH及VL序列的某些实施方案中,各HVR是未经改变的,或含有不超过一个、两个或三个氨基酸置换。
适用于鉴别可靶向以供诱变的抗体的残基或区域的方法称作“丙氨酸扫描诱变”,如Cunningham及Wells(1989)Science,244:1081-1085所述。在此方法中,残基或靶残基的组(例如,诸如arg,asp,his,lys和glu的带电残基)经鉴定且由中性或带负电氨基酸(例如丙氨酸或聚丙氨酸)置换,以确定是否影响抗体与抗原的相互作用。可在对初始置换显示功能敏感性的氨基酸位置处引入其他置换。备选地或另外地,抗原-抗体复合物的晶体结构用于鉴别抗体与抗原之间的接触点。这些接触残基及邻近残基可以作为置换候选物被靶向或消除。可以筛选变体以确定其是否含有所需的特性。
氨基酸序列插入包括长度在一个残基至含有一百个以上残基的多肽范围内的氨基端和/或羧基端融合体,以及单个或多个氨基酸残基的序列内插入。末端插入的实例包括具有N端甲硫胺酰基残基的抗体。抗体分子的其他插入变体包括抗体的N端或C端与酶(例如对于ADEPT而言)或增加抗体的血清半衰期的多肽的融合体。
b)糖基化变体
在某些实施方案中,本文中所提供的抗体经改变以增加或降低抗体被糖基化的程度。对抗体的糖基化位点的添加或缺失可通过改变氨基酸序列以便产生或移除一或多个糖基化位点而方便地实现。
若抗体包含Fc区,则与其连接的糖类可以被改变。由哺乳动物细胞产生的天然抗体通常包含一般通过N-连接与Fc区CH2结构域的Asn297连接的分支链双触角寡糖。参见例如Wright等人,TIBTECH 15:26-32(1997)。寡糖可包括多种糖类,例如甘露糖、N-乙酰葡糖胺(GlcNAc)、半乳糖及唾液酸,以及与双触角寡糖结构的“主干”中的GlcNAc连接的岩藻糖。在一些实施方案中,可对本发明抗体中的寡糖进行修饰以产生具有某些改良特性的抗体变体。
在一些实施方案中,提供具有缺乏与Fc区连接(直接或间接)的岩藻糖的糖结构的抗体变体。举例来说,该抗体中岩藻糖的量可以是1%至80%、1%至65%、5%至65%或20%至40%。通过相对于根据MALDI-TOF质谱法所测量的所有与Asn 297连接的糖结构(例如复合型、杂合型及高甘露糖型结构)的总和,计算糖链内Asn297处岩藻糖的平均量来测定岩藻糖的量,例如如WO 2008/077546中所述。Asn297是指位于Fc区中约位置297处(Fc区残基的Eu编号)的天冬酰胺残基;然而,由于抗体中的微小序列变化,Asn297也可能位于位置297上游或下游约±3个氨基酸处,即介于位置294与300之间。这些岩藻糖基化变体可具有改善的ADCC功能。参见例如美国专利公开号US 2003/0157108(Presta,L.);US 2004/0093621(Kyowa Hakko Kogyo Co.,Ltd)。与“去岩藻糖基”或“岩藻糖缺乏”抗体变体有关的公布的实例包括:US 2003/0157108;WO 2000/61739;WO 2001/29246;US 2003/0115614;US 2002/0164328;US 2004/0093621;US 2004/0132140;US 2004/0110704;US 2004/0110282;US2004/0109865;WO 2003/085119;WO 2003/084570;WO 2005/035586;WO 2005/035778;WO2005/053742;WO 2002/031140;Okazaki等人,J.Mol.Biol.336:1239-1249(2004);Yamane-Ohnuki等人,Biotech.Bioeng.87:614(2004)。能够产生去岩藻糖基的抗体的细胞系的实例包括蛋白质岩藻糖基化缺乏的Lec13CHO细胞(Ripka等人,Arch.Biochem.Biophys.249:533-545(1986);美国专利申请号US 2003/0157108 A1,Presta,L;及WO 2004/056312 A1,Adams等人,尤其实施例11);及基因敲除细胞系,例如α-1,6-岩藻糖基转移酶基因FUT8敲除的CHO细胞(参见例如Yamane-Ohnuki等人,Biotech.Bioeng.87:614(2004);Kanda,Y.等人,Biotechnol.Bioeng.,94(4):680-688(2006);及WO 2003/085107)。
进一步提供具有平分型寡糖(bisected oligosaccharide)的抗体变体,例如,其中与抗体的Fc区连接的双触角寡糖经GlcNAc平分。这些抗体变体可具有降低的岩藻糖基化和/或改善的ADCC功能。这些抗体变体的实例例如于WO 2003/011878(Jean-Mairet等人);美国专利号6,602,684(Umana等人);及US 2005/0123546(Umana等人)中描述。也提供在与Fc区连接的寡糖中具有至少一个半乳糖残基的抗体变体。这些抗体变体可具有改善的CDC功能。这些抗体变体于例如WO 1997/30087(Patel等人);WO 1998/58964(Raju,S.);及WO1999/22764(Raju,S.)中描述。
c)Fc区域变体
在某些实施方案中,可在本文中所提供的抗体的Fc区中引入一个或多个氨基酸修饰,由此产生Fc区变体。Fc区变体可包含在一或多个氨基酸位置处包含氨基酸修饰(例如置换)的人Fc区序列(例如人IgG1、IgG2、IgG3或IgG4Fc区)。
在某些实施方案中,本发明涵盖具有一些但非所有效应子功能的抗体变体,这使其成为某些应用的理想候选物,在所述应用中抗体的体内半衰期是重要的,但某些效应子功能(例如补体及ADCC)是不必要或有害的。可进行体外和/或体内细胞毒性测定以确认CDC和/或ADCC活性的降低/消耗。举例来说,可进行Fc受体(FcR)结合测定以确保抗体缺乏FcγR结合(因此可能缺乏ADCC活性),但保持FcRn结合能力。介导ADCC的初级细胞、NK细胞仅表达Fc(RIII,而单核细胞表达Fc(RI、Fc(RII及Fc(RIII。FcR在造血细胞上的表达于Ravetch及Kinet,Annu.Rev.Immunol.9:457-492(1991)的第464页上的表3中总结。评定目的分子的ADCC活性的体外测定的非限制性实例于美国专利5,500,362(参见例如Hellstrom,I.等人,Proc.Nat’l Acad.Sci.USA 83:7059-7063(1986))及Hellstrom,I等人,Proc.Nat’lAcad.Sci.USA 82:1499-1502(1985);5,821,337(参见Bruggemann,M.等人,J.Exp.Med.166:1351-1361(1987))中描述。或者,可采用非放射性测定方法(参见例如用于流式细胞术的ACTITM非放射性细胞毒性测定(CellTechnology,Inc.Mountain View,CA)及CytoTox非放射性细胞毒性测定(Promega,Madison,WI))。适用于这些测定的效应细胞包括外周血单核细胞(PBMC)及自然杀伤(NK)细胞。备选地或另外地,目的分子的ADCC活性可于体内评定,例如在例如Clynes等人,Proc.Nat’l Acad.Sci.USA 95:652-656(1998)中所揭示的动物模型中评定。也可进行C1q结合测定以证明抗体无法结合C1q且因此缺乏CDC活性。参见例如WO 2006/029879及WO 2005/100402中的C1q及C3c结合ELISA。为评定补体活化,可进行CDC测定(参见例如Gazzano-Santoro等人,J.Immunol.Methods(免疫学方法杂志)202:163(1996);Cragg,M.S.等人,Blood(血液)101:1045-1052(2003);及Cragg,M.S.及M.J.Glennie,Blood 103:2738-2743(2004))。也可使用本领域中已知的方法进行FcRn结合及体内清除/半衰期测定(参见例如Petkova,S.B.等人,Int’l.Immunol.18(12):1759-1769(2006))。
具有减小的效应子功能的抗体的非限制性实例包括具有Fc区残基238、265、269、270、297、327及329中一个或多个置换的那些抗体(美国专利号6,737,056)。这些Fc突变体包括在氨基酸位置265、269、270、297和327的两个或两个以上位置处具有置换的Fc突变体,包括残基265和297置换为丙氨酸的所谓的“DANA”Fc突变体(美国专利号7,332,581)。
描述某些与FcR的结合提高或减少的抗体变体。(参见例如美国专利号6,737,056;WO 2004/056312,及Shields等人,J.Biol.Chem.(生物化学杂志)9(2):6591-6604(2001))。
在某些实施方案中,抗体变体包含具有一个或多个改善ADCC的氨基酸置换的Fc区,例如在Fc区的位置298、333和/或334(残基的EU编号)处置换。
在一些实施方案中,在Fc区中进行改变,其导致C1q结合和/或补体依赖性细胞毒性(CDC)改变(也即,通过提高或降低),例如如美国专利号6,194,551、WO 99/51642和Idusogie等人,J.Immunol.164:4178-4184(2000)中所述。
US2005/0014934A1(Hinton等人)中描述具有增加的半衰期及改善的与新生儿Fc受体(FcRn)的结合的抗体,其中FcRn负责将母体IgG转移至胎儿(Guyer等人,J.Immunol.117:587(1976)及Kim等人,J.Immunol.24:249(1994))。那些抗体包含其中具有一或多个置换的Fc区,所述置换提高Fc区与FcRn的结合。所述非限制性Fc变体包括在下述Fc区残基中的一个或多个处具有置换的那些:238、256、265、272、286、303、305、307、311、312、317、340、356、360、362、376、378、380、382、413、424或434,例如Fc区残基434的置换(美国专利号7,371,826)。
关于Fc区变体的其他实例,也参见Duncan及Winter,Nature 322:738-40(1988);美国专利号5,648,260;美国专利号5,624,821;及WO 94/29351。
d)经半胱氨酸工程改造的抗体变体
在某些实施方案中,可能需要产生经半胱氨酸工程改造的抗体,例如“硫代MAb”,其中抗体的一或多个残基经半胱氨酸残基置换。在特定实施方案中,经置换的残基出现在抗体的可接近位点处。通过用半胱氨酸置换那些残基,反应性硫醇基团由此定位于抗体的可接近位点处且可用于将抗体结合至其他结构部分,例如药物结构部分或接头-药物结构部分,以产生如本文中进一步描述的免疫缀合物。在某些实施方案中,任一或多个以下残基可经半胱氨酸置换:轻链的V205(Kabat编号);重链的A118(EU编号);及重链Fc区的S400(EU编号)。可如例如美国专利号7,521,541中所述,产生经半胱氨酸工程改造的抗体。
e)抗体衍生物
在某些实施方案中,本文中所提供的抗体可进一步经修饰为含有本领域中已知且容易获得的其他非蛋白质结构部分。适合抗体衍生作用的结构部分包括,但不限于,水溶性聚合物。水溶性聚合物的非限制性实例包括,但不限于,聚乙二醇(PEG)、乙二醇/丙二醇共聚物、羧甲基纤维素、葡聚糖、聚乙烯醇、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、聚-1,3-二氧戊环、聚1,3,6-三氧杂环己烷、乙烯/马来酸酐共聚物、聚氨基酸(均聚物或无规共聚物)、及葡聚糖或聚(n-乙烯基吡咯烷酮)聚乙二醇、丙二醇均聚物、聚环氧丙烷/氧化乙烯共聚物、聚氧乙基化多元醇(例如甘油)、聚乙烯醇、及其混合物。聚乙二醇丙醛因其在水中的稳定性可能具有制造优势。聚合物可具有任何分子量,且可有分支或无分支。与抗体连接的聚合物的数目可以变化,且若连接一种以上聚合物,则其可以是相同或不同的分子。一般而言,用于衍生作用的聚合物的数目和/或类型可以基于包括,但不限于,以下的考虑因素来确定:要改善的抗体的特定特性或功能、抗体衍生物是否将用在确定条件下的疗法中等。
在另一个实施方案中,提供了抗体和非蛋白性结构部分的缀合物,所述非蛋白性结构部分可以通过暴露于辐射而选择性地加热。在一些实施方案中,非蛋白性结构部分是碳纳米管(Kam等人.,Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA 102:11600-11605(2005))。辐射可以具有任何波长,并包括,但不限于这样的波长:其不伤害普通细胞,但是其将非蛋白性结构部分加热至杀伤在抗体-非蛋白性结构部分附近的细胞的温度。
B.重组方法和组合物
使用重组方法和组合物(例如,如在美国专利号4,816,567中所述)可以生产抗体。在一些实施方案中,提供了编码本文描述的抗-TfR抗体的分离的核酸。所述核酸可以编码包含所述抗体的VL的氨基酸序列和/或包含所述抗体的VH的氨基酸序列(例如,所述抗体的轻链和/或重链)。在另一个实施方案中,提供了一种或多种包含所述核酸的载体(例如,表达载体)。在另一个实施方案中,提供了包含所述核酸的宿主细胞。在一个这样的实施方案中,宿主细胞包含以下载体(例如,已经用以下载体转化):(1)包含编码包含所述抗体的VL的氨基酸序列和包含所述抗体的VH的氨基酸序列的核酸的载体,或(2)第一载体和第二载体,所述第一载体包含编码包含所述抗体的VL的氨基酸序列的核酸,所述第二载体包含编码包含所述抗体的VH的氨基酸序列的核酸。在一些实施方案中,所述宿主细胞是真核细胞,例如中国仓鼠卵巢(CHO)细胞或淋巴样细胞(例如,Y0、NS0、Sp20细胞)。在一些实施方案中,提供了制备抗-TfR抗体的方法,其中所述方法包括在适合表达所述抗体的条件下培养上述提供的包含编码所述抗体的核酸的宿主细胞,和任选地,从宿主细胞(或宿主细胞培养基)回收抗体。
为了重组产生抗-TfR抗体,分离编码抗体(例如上文所描述的抗体)的核酸,并插入一个或多个载体,用于在宿主细胞中进一步克隆和/或表达。此类核酸易于使用常规规程分离和测序(例如通过使用能够与编码抗体重链和轻链的基因特异性结合的寡核苷酸探针进行)。
用于克隆或表达编码抗体的载体的适当宿主细胞包括本文描述的原核或真核细胞。例如,抗体可在细菌中产生,特别当不需要糖基化和Fc效应子功能时。对于抗体片段和多肽在细菌中的表达,见,例如,美国专利号5,648,237,5,789,199和5,840,523。(还见Charlton,Methods in Molecular Biology(分子生物学中的方法),卷248(B.K.C.Lo,编,Humana Press,Totowa,NJ,2003),第245-254页,描述抗体片段在大肠杆菌中的表达)。在表达后,抗体可以在可溶级分中与细菌细胞糊状物分离,并且可以进一步纯化。
除了原核生物以外,真核微生物诸如丝状真菌或酵母也是关于编码抗体的载体的合适的克隆或表达宿主,包括真菌和酵母菌株,其糖基化途径已经进行“人源化”,导致产生具有部分或完全人糖基化模式的抗体。参见Gerngross,Nat.Biotech.22:1409-1414(2004),和Li等人,Nat.Biotech.24:210-215(2006)。
适于表达糖基化抗体的宿主细胞也衍生自多细胞生物体(无脊椎动物和脊椎动物)。无脊椎动物细胞的实例包括植物和昆虫细胞。已经鉴定了许多杆状病毒株,其可与昆虫细胞联合使用,特别是用于转染草地贪夜蛾(Spodoptera frugiperda)细胞。
还可利用植物细胞培养物作为宿主。见,例如,美国专利号5,959,177,6,040,498,6,420,548,7,125,978和6,417,429(其描述了在转基因植物中产生抗体的PLANTIBODIESTM技术)。
也可以将脊椎动物细胞用作宿主。例如,可以使用被改造以适合于悬浮生长的哺乳动物细胞系。有用的哺乳动物宿主细胞系的其它实例是用SV40转化的猴肾CV1系(COS-7);人胚肾系(293或293细胞,如例如Graham等人,J.Gen Virol.36:59(1977)中所描述的);幼仓鼠肾细胞(BHK);小鼠塞托利(sertoli)细胞(TM4细胞,如例如在Mather,Biol.Reprod.23:243-251(1980)中描述的);猴肾细胞(CV1);非洲绿猴肾细胞(VERO-76);人宫颈癌细胞(HELA);犬肾细胞(MDCK);布法罗大鼠(buffalo rat)肝细胞(BRL 3A);人肺细胞(W138);人肝细胞(Hep G2);小鼠乳瘤(MMT 060562);TRI细胞,如例如在Mather等人,Annals N.Y.Acad.Sci.383:44-68(1982)中所描述的;MRC 5细胞;以及FS4细胞。其它有用的哺乳动物宿主细胞系包括中国仓鼠卵巢(CHO)细胞,包括DHFR-CHO细胞(Urlaub等人,Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA 77:4216(1980));和骨髓瘤细胞系如Y0,NS0和Sp2/0。关于适合产生抗体的某些哺乳动物宿主细胞系的综述见例如Yazaki和Wu,Methods in MolecularBiology,卷248(B.K.C.Lo,编,Humana Press,Totowa,NJ),第255-268页(2003)。
C.测定
本文中提供的抗-TfR抗体可以对其物理/化学特性和/或生物活性,通过本领域中已知的不同测定来鉴定、筛选或表征。
1.结合测定和其他测定
有多种技术可用于确定抗体与TfR的结合。一种这样的测定是用于验证结合人TfR(和脑抗原)的能力的酶联免疫吸附测定(ELISA)。按照这一测定,将用抗原(例如,重组TfR)包被的平板与包含抗-TfR抗体的样品一起温育,并且确定所述抗体与目的抗原的结合。
在一些方面中,测试本发明的抗体的抗原结合活性,例如,通过已知的方法,如ELISA、蛋白质印迹等测试。
在另一方面中,可以使用竞争测定以鉴定与本文所述的任何抗体竞争结合TfR的抗体。在某些实施方案中,这种竞争性抗体结合被本文所述的任何抗体结合的相同的表位(例如,线性或构象表位),更具体地,结合由本文所述的I类、II类、III类或IV类抗体特异性结合的任一个表位(例如,参见实施例1和表4)。用于定位一个抗体结合哪个表位的详细的示例性方法在Morris(1996)“Epitope Mapping Protocols(表位绘图流程),”Methods inMolecular Biology卷66(Humana Press,Totowa,NJ)中提供。
在示例性竞争测定中,在溶液中温育固定的TfR,所述溶液包含与TfR结合的第一标记抗体(例如,本文公开的抗体中的一种或多种)和被测试其与所述第一抗体竞争结合TfR的能力的第二未标记抗体。所述第二抗体可以存在于杂交瘤上清液中。作为对照,在包含第一标记抗体但是不包含第二未标记抗体的溶液中温育固定的TfR。在允许所述第一抗体与TfR结合的条件下温育后,除去过量的未结合的抗体,并且测量与固定的TfR结合的标记的量。如果相对于对照样品在测试样品中与固定的TfR结合的标记的量显著降低,则说明所述第二抗体与所述第一抗体竞争结合TfR。参见Harlow和Lane(1988)Antibodies:ALaboratory Manual(抗体:实验室手册)ch.14(Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory,ColdSpring Harbor,NY)。
2.活性测定
在一些方面中,提供用于鉴别具有生物学活性的抗-TfR抗体的测定。生物学活性可以包括,例如,将与抗体缔合/缀合的化合物转运穿过BBB进入脑和/或CNS。还提供在体内和/或体外具有这样的生物学活性的抗体。
在某些实施方案中,针对所述生物学活性检测本发明的抗体。
D.免疫缀合物
本发明也提供包含本文中的抗-TfR抗体与一或多种细胞毒性剂,例如化疗剂或药物、生长抑制剂、毒素(例如蛋白质毒素、细菌、真菌、植物或动物来源的酶促活性毒素,或其片段))或放射性同位素缀合的免疫缀合物。
在一些实施方案中,本文的抗-TfR抗体与神经系统疾病药物、化疗剂和/或成像剂偶联,以将所述药物、化疗剂和/或成像剂更有效地转运穿过BBB。
共价缀合可以是直接的或是通过接头来实现的。在某些实施方案中,直接缀合是通过构建蛋白融合体(即,通过编码抗-TfR抗体和例如神经系统疾病药物的两个基因的遗传融合并且作为单个蛋白质表达)来实现的。在某些实施方案中,直接缀合是通过在抗-TfR抗体的两个部分中的一个上的反应基团和例如神经学药物上的相应基团或接受体之间形成共价键来实现的。在某些实施方案中,直接缀合是通过将要被缀合的两个分子中的一个修饰(即,遗传修饰)成包含反应基团(作为非限制性实例,巯基或羧基)来实现的,该基团与要被缀合的另一个分子在合适的条件下形成共价连接。作为一个非限制性实例,可以将具有所需反应基团(即,半胱氨酸残基)的分子(即,氨基酸)引入到抗-TfR抗体中,并与例如神经学药物形成二硫键。将核酸与蛋白质共价缀合的方法也是本领域中已知的(即,光致交联,参见,例如,Zatsepin等,Russ.Chem.Rev.74:77-95(2005))。
非共价缀合可以是通过任何非共价连接方式,包括疏水键、离子键、静电相互作用等,如本领域普通技术人员容易理解的。
缀合也可以使用多种接头进行。例如,可以使用多种双功能蛋白偶联剂缀合抗-TfR抗体和神经学药物,所述偶联剂如N-琥珀酰亚胺基-3-(2-吡啶基二硫代)丙酸酯(SPDP)、琥珀酰亚胺基-4-(N-马来酰亚氨甲基)环己烷-1-羧酸酯(SMCC)、亚氨基硫烷(IT)、亚氨酸酯的双功能衍生物(诸如盐酸己二亚酰胺二甲酯物)、活性酯类(诸如辛二酸二琥珀酰亚胺基酯)、醛类(诸如戊二醛)、双叠氮化合物(诸如双(对-叠氮苯甲酰基)己二胺)、双重氮衍生物(诸如双(对-重氮苯甲酰基)乙二胺)、二异氰酸酯(诸如甲苯2,6-二异氰酸酯)和双活性氟化合物(诸如1,5-二氟-2,4-二硝基苯)。例如,可以如Vitetta等人,Science 238:1098(1987)所述制备蓖麻毒蛋白免疫毒素。碳-14-标记的1-异硫氰酸苯甲基-3-甲基二乙烯三胺五乙酸(MX-DTPA)是用于将放射性核素缀合到抗体上的示例性螯合剂。参见WO94/11026。也可以使用由通过肽键相连的一至二十个氨基酸组成的肽接头。在某些这样的实施方案中,氨基酸选自二十种天然存在的氨基酸。在某些其他的这样的实施方案中,一个或多个氨基酸选自甘氨酸、丙氨酸、脯氨酸、天冬酰胺、谷氨酰胺和赖氨酸。接头可以是促进神经学药物在递送到脑后释放的“可切割接头”。举例来说,可使用酸不稳定接头、肽酶敏感性接头、光不稳定接头、二甲基接头或含二硫化物的接头(Chari等人,Cancer Res.52:127-131(1992);美国专利号5,208,020)。
本发明清楚地预期,但不限于,利用交联剂试剂制备的缀合物,所述交联剂试剂包括但不限于,BMPS,EMCS,GMBS,HBVS,LC-SMCC,MBS,MPBH,SBAP,SIA,SIAB,SMCC,SMPB,SMPH,硫代-EMCS,硫代-GMBS,硫代-KMUS,硫代-MBS,硫代-SIAB,硫代-SMCC和硫代-SMPB,以及SVSB(琥珀酰亚胺基-(4-乙烯基砜)苯甲酸酯),所述交联剂试剂可商购获得(例如购自Pierce Biotechnology,Inc.,Rockford,IL.,U.S.A)。
在一些实施方案中,免疫缀合物是抗体-药物缀合物(ADC),其中抗体与一种或多种药物缀合,所述药物包括,但不限于,美登素类(maytansinoid)(参见美国专利号5,208,020、5,416,064及欧洲专利EP 0 425 235 B1);澳瑞他汀(auristatin),如单甲基澳瑞他汀药物结构部分DE及DF(MMAE及MMAF)(参见美国专利号5,635,483及5,780,588及7,498,298);多拉司他汀(dolastatin);卡奇霉素(calicheamicin)或其衍生物(参见美国专利号5,712,374,5,714,586,5,739,116,5,767,285,5,770,701,5,770,710,5,773,001,和5,877,296;Hinman等人,Cancer Res.53:3336-3342(1993);及Lode等人,Cancer Res.58:2925-2928(1998));蒽环类抗生素(anthracycline),如道诺霉素(daunomycin)或多柔比星(doxorubicin)(参见Kratz等人,Current Med.Chem.13:477-523(2006);Jeffrey等人,Bioorganic&Med.Chem.Letters 16:358-362(2006);Torgov等人,Bioconj.Chem.16:717-721(2005);Nagy等人,Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA 97:829-834(2000);Dubowchik等人,Bioorg.&Med.Chem.Letters 12:1529-1532(2002);King等人,J.Med.Chem.45:4336-4343(2002);以及美国专利号6,630,579);甲氨喋呤(methotrexate);长春地辛(vindesine);紫杉烷(taxane),如多西他赛(docetaxel)、紫杉醇(paclitaxel)、拉罗他赛(larotaxel)、替司他赛(tesetaxel)及奥他赛(ortataxel);单端孢霉烯(trichothecene);及CC1065。
在另一个实施方案中,免疫缀合物包含与酶活性毒素或其片段缀合的如本文中所述的抗体,所述酶活性毒素或其片段包括、但不限于,白喉A链、白喉毒素的非结合活性片段、外毒素A链(来自铜绿假单孢菌(Pseudomonas aeruginosa))、蓖麻蛋白A链、相思豆毒蛋白A链、蒴莲根毒蛋白A链、α-帚曲毒蛋白(alpha-sarcin)、油桐(Aleurites fordii)蛋白、石竹素蛋白、美洲商陆(Phytolaca americana)蛋白(PAPI、PAPII和PAP-S)、苦瓜(momordica charantia)抑制剂、麻疯树毒蛋白(curcin)、巴豆毒蛋白(crotin)、肥皂草(sapaonaria officinalis)抑制剂、白树毒素(gelonin)、丝裂蛋白(mitogellin)、局限曲菌素(restrictocin)、酚霉素(phenomycin)、依诺霉素(enomycin)和单端孢菌毒素(tricothecenes)。
在另一实施方案中,免疫缀合物包含如本文中所述的抗体与放射性原子缀合形成放射性缀合物。多种放射性同位素可用于制备放射性缀合物。实例包括At211、I131、I125、Y90、Re186、Re188、Sm153、Bi212、P32、pb212及Lu的放射性同位素。当使用放射性缀合物进行检测时,其可包含用于闪烁摄影研究的放射性原子,例如tc99m或I123或用于核磁共振(NMR)成像(也称为磁共振成像,mri)的自旋标记物,同样如碘-123、碘-131、铟-111、氟-19、碳-13、氮-15、氧-17、钆、锰或铁。
E.用于诊断和检测的方法和组合物
在某些实施方案中,本文中提供的任何抗-TfR抗体可以用于检测TfR在生物样品中的存在。术语“检测”用于本文中时,包括定量或定性检测。在某些实施方案中,生物样品包括细胞或组织,如血液(即,不成熟的红细胞)、CSF和包含BBB的组织。
在一些实施方案中,提供用于诊断或检测方法的抗-TfR抗体。在另一个方面中,提供检测TfR在生物样品中的存在的方法。在某些实施方案中,所述方法包括将生物样品与如本文所述的抗-TfR抗体在允许抗-TfR抗体与TfR结合的条件下接触,并检测在抗-TfR抗体和TfR之间是否形成复合物。该方法可以是体外或体内方法。在一些实施方案中,抗-TfR抗体被用于选择适合利用抗-TfR抗体的治疗的受试者,例如其中TfR是用于选择患者的生物标记物。
由于TfR在网织红细胞中表达,并且因此可用本发明的任一种抗体检测,因而,可以使用本发明的抗体诊断的示例性病症包括涉及不成熟红细胞的病症。所述病症包括贫血(anemia)和其他由减少的网织红细胞水平引起的病症或先天性红细胞增多症(congenitalpolycythemia)或肿瘤性真性红细胞增多症(neoplastic polycythemia vera),其中由于例如网织红细胞的过度增殖的升高的红细胞计数导致血液变稠和伴随的生理症状。
在某些实施方案中,提供标记的抗-TfR抗体。标记包括但不限于,被直接检测的标记或结构部分(如荧光标记,发色团标记,电子致密标记,化学发光标记和放射性标记),以及被间接检测的结构部分,如酶或配体,例如,通过酶促反应或分子相互作用间接检测。示例性标记包括但不限于,放射性同位素32P,14C,125I,3H,和131I,荧光团如稀土螯合物或荧光素及其衍生物,罗丹明及其衍生物,丹酰(dansyl),伞形酮(umbelliferone),荧光素酶(luceriferase),例如,萤火虫荧光素酶和细菌荧光素酶(美国专利号4,737,456),荧光素(luciferin),2,3-二氢酞嗪二酮,辣根过氧化物酶(HRP),碱性磷酸酶,β-半乳糖苷酶,葡糖淀粉酶,溶菌酶,糖类氧化酶,例如,葡萄糖氧化酶,半乳糖氧化酶,和葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶,杂环氧化酶如尿酸酶和黄嘌呤氧化酶,加上利用过氧化氢氧化染料前体的酶如HRP,乳过氧化物酶,或微过氧化物酶(microperoxidase),生物素/抗生物素蛋白,自旋标记,噬菌体标记,稳定的自由基,等等。
在一些实施方案中,完整抗体缺少效应子功能。在另一个实施方案中,完整抗体具有降低的效应子功能。在另一个实施方案中,改造完整抗体以具有降低的效应子功能。在一些方面中,所述抗体是Fab。在另一个方面中,所述抗体具有一个或多个降低或消除效应子功能的Fc突变。在另一个方面中,所述抗体具有修饰的糖基化,例如,由于在缺少正常的人糖基化酶的系统中产生所述抗体导致。在另一个方面中,将Ig骨架修饰成天然具有有限的或没有效应子功能的骨架。
有多种技术可用于确定抗体与TfR的结合。一种这样的测定是用于验证结合人TfR(和脑抗原)的能力的酶联免疫吸附测定(ELISA)。按照这一测定,将用抗原(例如,重组TfR)包被的平板与包含抗-TfR抗体的样品一起温育,并且确定所述抗原与目的抗原的结合。
用于评价系统施用的抗体的摄取和抗体的其他生物学活性的测定可以按照实施例中公开的或按照关于目的抗-CNS抗原抗体已知的那样进行。
在一些方面中,提供用于鉴别具有生物学活性的缀合到(共价或非共价地)抗-BACE1抗体上的抗-TfR抗体的测定。生物学活性可以包括,例如,抑制BACE1天冬氨酰蛋白酶活性。还提供在体内和/或体外具有这样的生物学活性的抗体,例如,如通过均相时间分辨荧光HTRF测定或微流体毛细管电泳(MCE)测定使用合成的底物肽评价或在表达BACE1底物如APP的细胞系中体内评价。
F.药物制剂
如本文所述的抗-TfR抗体的药物制剂通过将具有所需纯度的所述抗体与一种或多种任选的药用载体、赋型剂或稳定剂(Remington′s Pharmaceutical Sciences第16版,Osol,A.编(1980))混合来制备,制成冻干制剂或水溶液的形式。药用载体、赋型剂或稳定剂通常在所用剂量及浓度对接受者无毒,并且包括但不限于:缓冲剂,如磷酸盐、柠檬酸盐及其他有机酸;抗氧化剂,包括抗坏血酸及甲硫氨酸;防腐剂(诸如十八烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵;氯化六甲双铵;苯扎氯铵;苄索氯铵;苯酚、丁醇或苯甲醇;对羟基苯甲酸烷基酯诸如对羟基苯甲酸甲酯或对羟基苯甲酸丙酯;儿茶酚;间苯二酚;环己醇;3-戊醇;和间甲酚);低分子量(少于约10个残基)多肽;蛋白质,如血清白蛋白、明胶或免疫球蛋白;亲水性聚合物,如聚乙烯吡咯烷酮;氨基酸,如甘氨酸、谷氨酰胺、天冬酰胺、组氨酸、精氨酸或赖氨酸;单糖、二糖和其他糖类,包括葡萄糖、甘露糖或糊精;螯合剂,如EDTA;糖类,例如蔗糖、甘露醇、海藻糖或山梨醇;成盐平衡离子,如钠;金属复合体(例如Zn-蛋白质复合体);和/或非离子表面活性剂,如聚乙二醇(PEG)。本文中的示例性药用载体还包括间质药物分散剂,如可溶性中性-活性透明质酸酶糖蛋白(sHASEGP),例如人可溶性PH-20透明质酸酶糖蛋白,如rHuPH20(Baxter International,Inc.)。某些示例性的sHASEGP及使用方法,包括rHuPH20,描述于美国专利公开号2005/0260186及2006/0104968中。在一些方面中,sHASEGP与一种或多种其他葡糖胺聚糖酶例如软骨素酶组合。
示例性的冻干抗体制剂描述于美国专利号6,267,958。水性抗体制剂包括美国专利号6,171,586和WO2006/044908中所述的那些,后一种制剂包括组氨酸-乙酸盐缓冲剂。
本文的制剂还可以包含超过一种活性成分,所述活性成分是被治疗的特定适应证所需的,优选具有不会不利地影响彼此的互补活性的那些活性成分。例如,可以合乎需要地另外提供用于治疗神经系统疾病、神经变性疾病、癌症、眼病病症、癫痫发作病症、溶酶体贮积症、淀粉样变性、病毒或微生物疾病、缺血、行为障碍或CNS炎症的一种或多种活性成分。示例性的此类药物在本文的下文中进行讨论。所述活性成分以对于目的用途有效的量合适地组合存在。
可以将活性成分截留在例如通过凝聚技术或通过界面聚合所制备的微囊中,例如,分别是在羟甲基纤维素或明胶微囊及聚-(甲基丙烯酸甲酯)微囊中,在胶状药物传递系统(例如脂质体、白蛋白微球体、微乳液、纳米颗粒及纳米胶囊)中或在粗滴乳状液中。例如,这些技术披露于Remington′s Pharmaceutical Sciences第16版,Osol,A.编(1980)中。一种或多种活性成分可以包封在与本文所述的抗-TfR抗体偶联的脂质体中(例如,参见美国专利申请公开号20020025313)。
可制备缓释制剂。缓释制剂的合适实例包括含有抗体的固体疏水聚合物的半渗透基质,所述基质呈成形物品形式,例如薄膜或微囊形式。缓释基质的非限制性实例包括聚酯、水凝胶(例如聚(2-羟乙基-甲基丙烯酸酯)或聚(乙烯醇))、聚交酯(美国专利号3,773,919)、L-谷氨酸与γ乙基-L-谷氨酸酯的共聚物、不可降解的乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯、可降解的乳酸-乙醇酸共聚物,例如LUPRON DEPOTTM(由乳酸-乙醇酸共聚物与乙酸亮丙瑞林(leuprolide acetate)组成的可注射微球体)和聚-D-(-)-3羟基丁酸。
欲用于体内施用的制剂通常是无菌的。可以容易地实现无菌性,例如,通过借助无菌过滤膜过滤而实现。
G.治疗方法和组合物
本文中提供的任何抗-TfR抗体可以用于治疗方法。在一些方面中,提供用作药物的抗-TfR抗体。例如,本发明提供将治疗化合物转运穿过血脑屏障的方法,所述方法对红细胞群具有减少的或消除的影响,所述方法包括将与治疗化合物偶联的抗-TfR抗体(例如,结合TfR和脑抗原二者的多特异性抗体)暴露于BBB,以使所述抗体将与其偶联的治疗化合物转运穿过BBB。在另一个实例中,本发明提供将神经系统疾病药物转运穿过血脑屏障的方法,所述方法包括将与脑病症药物偶联的本发明的抗-TfR抗体(例如,结合TfR和脑抗原二者的多特异性抗体)暴露于BBB,以使所述抗体将与其偶联的神经系统疾病药物转运穿过BBB,并对红细胞群具有减少的或消除的影响。在一些实施方案中,所述BBB是在哺乳动物(例如,人)中,例如,具有神经系统疾病的哺乳动物(例如,人),所述神经系统疾病包括,但不限于:阿尔茨海默病(AD),卒中,痴呆,肌营养不良症(muscular dystrophy,MD),多发性硬化(multiple sclerosis,MS),肌萎缩侧索硬化(amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,ALS),囊性纤维化(cystic fibrosis),安吉尔曼综合征(Angelman’s syndrome),利德尔综合征(Liddle syndrome),帕金森病,皮克病(Pick’s disease),佩吉特病(Paget’sdisease),癌症,外伤性脑损伤(traumatic brain injury)等。
在一些实施方案中,所述神经系统疾病选自:神经病(neuropathy),淀粉样变性,癌症(例如涉及CNS或脑),眼部疾病或病症,病毒或微生物感染,炎症(例如HCNS或脑的炎症),缺血,神经变性疾病,发作,行为障碍,溶酶体贮积症等。由于它们将一种或多种缔合的活性成分/偶联的治疗化合物转运穿过BBB并且进入CNS/脑中(所述病症在其中发现其分子、细胞或病毒/微生物基础)的能力,本发明的抗体特别适合治疗所述神经系统疾病。
神经病病症是神经系统的疾病或异常,其特征在于不适当的或失控的神经信号传导或缺少信号传导,并且其包括,但不限于,慢性疼痛(包括感受伤害的疼痛),由对身体组织的损伤引起的疼痛,包括癌相关的疼痛,神经性疼痛(由神经、脊髓或脑中的异常引起的疼痛),和精神性疼痛(完全或大部分与心理障碍相关),头痛,偏头痛(migraine),神经病,以及常常伴随这样的神经病病症的症状和综合征,如眩晕或恶心。
对于神经病病症,可以选择作为镇痛药的神经学药物,包括但不限于,麻醉药/阿片类镇痛药(即,吗啡(morphine),芬太尼(fentanyl),氢可酮(hydrocodone),哌替啶(meperidine),美沙酮(methadone),羟吗啡酮(oxymorphone),喷他佐辛(pentazocine),丙氧芬(propoxyphene),曲马朵(tramadol),可待因(codeine)和羟可酮(oxycodone)),非甾类抗炎药(NSAID)(即,布洛芬(ibuprofen),萘普生(naproxen),双氯芬酸(diclofenac),二氟尼柳(diflunisal),依托度酸(etodolac),非诺洛芬(fenoprofen),氟比洛芬(flurbiprofen),吲哚美辛(indomethacin),酮咯酸(ketorolac),甲芬那酸(mefenamicacid),美洛昔康(meloxicam),萘丁美酮(nabumetone),奥沙普秦(oxaprozin),吡罗昔康(piroxicam),舒林酸(sulindac)和托美丁(tolmetin)),皮质类甾醇(corticosteroid)(即,可的松(cortisone),泼尼松(prednisone),泼尼松龙(prednisolone),地塞米松(dexamethasone),甲泼尼龙(methylprednisolone)和曲安西龙(triamcinolone)),抗偏头痛剂(即,sumatriptin,阿莫曲普坦(almotriptan),夫罗曲普坦(frovatriptan),舒马普坦(sumatriptan),利扎曲普坦(rizatriptan),依来曲普坦(eletriptan),佐米曲普坦(zolmitriptan),双氢麦角胺(dihydroergotamine),依来曲普坦(eletriptan)和麦角胺(ergotamine)),醋氨酚(acetaminophen),水杨酸盐(即,阿司匹林(aspirin),水杨酸胆碱(choline salicylate),水杨酸镁(magnesium salicylate),二氟尼柳(diflunisal)和双水杨酯(salsalate)),抗惊厥药(即,卡马西平(carbamazepine),氯硝西泮(clonazepam),加巴喷丁(gabapentin),拉莫三嗪(lamotrigine),普瑞巴林(pregabalin),噻加宾(tiagabine)和托吡酯(topiramate)),麻醉药(即,异氟醚(isoflurane),三氯乙烯(trichloroethylene),氟烷(halothane),七氟烷(sevoflurane),苯佐卡因(benzocaine),氯普鲁卡因(chloroprocaine),可卡因(cocaine),环美卡因(cyclomethycaine),二甲卡因(dimethocaine),丙氧卡因(propoxycaine),普鲁卡因(procaine),奴佛卡因(novocaine),丙美卡因(proparacaine),丁卡因(tetracaine),阿替卡因(articaine),布比卡因(bupivacaine),卡替卡因(carticaine),辛可卡因(cinchocaine),依替卡因(etidocaine),左布比卡因(levobupivacaine),利多卡因(lidocaine),甲哌卡因(mepivacaine),哌罗卡因(piperocaine),丙胺卡因(prilocaine),罗哌卡因(ropivacaine),三甲卡因(trimecaine),蛤蚌毒素(saxitoxin)和河豚毒素(tetrodotoxin)),和cox-2-抑制剂(即,塞来昔布(celecoxib),罗非昔布(rofecoxib)和伐地考昔(valdecoxib))。对于伴有眩晕的神经病病症,可以选择作为抗眩晕剂的神经药物,其包括但不限于,美克洛嗪(meclizine),苯海拉明(diphenhydramine),异丙嗪(promethazine)和地西泮(diazepam)。对于伴有恶心的神经病病症,可以选择作为抗恶心剂的神经药物,其包括但不限于,异丙嗪(promethazine),氯丙嗪(chlorpromazine),丙氯拉嗪(prochlorperazine),曲美苄胺(trimethobenzamide)和甲氧氯普胺(metoclopramide)。
淀粉样变性是一组与CNS中细胞外蛋白质样沉积相关的疾病和病症,其包括,但不限于,继发性淀粉样变性,年龄相关的淀粉样变性,阿尔茨海默病(AD),轻度认知障碍(mildcognitive impairment,MCI),雷维小体痴呆症(Lewy body dementia),唐氏综合征(Down’s syndrome),遗传性脑出血伴淀粉样变性(荷兰型);关岛帕金森-痴呆复合病(GuamParkinson-Dementia complex),脑淀粉样血管病(cerebral amyloid angiopathy),亨廷顿病(Huntington’s disease),进行性核上性麻痹,多发性硬化;克-雅病,帕金森病,传递性海绵状脑病(transmissible spongiform encephalopathy),HIV相关痴呆,肌萎缩性脊髓侧索硬化症(ALS),包涵体肌炎(inclusion-body myositis,IBM),和涉及β-淀粉样蛋白沉积的眼病(即,黄斑变性,玻璃疣相关的视神经病变,和白内障)。
对于淀粉样变性,可以选择这样的神经学药物,其包括但不限于,特异性地结合选自β分泌酶、tau、早老蛋白、淀粉状蛋白前体蛋白或其部分、淀粉状蛋白β肽或其低聚物或原纤维(fibril)、死亡受体6(DR6)、高度糖基化终产物受体(RAGE)、帕金蛋白和亨廷顿蛋白的靶标的抗体或其他结合分子(包括但不限于小分子,肽,适体,或其他蛋白质结合物);胆碱酯酶抑制剂(即,加兰他敏(galantamine),多奈哌齐(donepezil),利斯的明(rivastigmine)和他克林(tacrine));NMDA受体拮抗剂(即,美金刚(memantine)),单胺耗竭剂(monoamine depletor)(即,丁苯那嗪(tetrabenazine));甲磺酸二氢麦角碱(ergoloid mesylate);抗胆碱能抗帕金森病药(即,丙环定(procyclidine),苯海拉明(diphenhydramine),trihexylphenidyl,苯扎托品(benztropine),比哌立登(biperiden)和苯海索(trihexyphenidyl));多巴胺能抗帕金森病药(即,恩他卡朋(entacapone),司来吉兰(selegiline),普拉克索(pramipexole),溴隐亭(bromocriptine),罗替高汀(rotigotine),司来吉兰(selegiline),罗匹尼罗(ropinirole),雷沙吉兰(rasagiline),阿扑吗啡(apomorphine),卡比多巴(carbidopa),左旋多巴(levodopa),培高利特(pergolide),托卡朋(tolcapone)和金刚烷胺(amantadine));丁苯那嗪(tetrabenazine);抗炎药(包括但不限于,非甾类抗炎药(即,吲哚美辛(indomethicin)和以上列出的其他化合物);激素(即,雌激素,孕酮和亮丙立德(leuprolide));维生素(即,叶酸和烟酰胺);dimebolin;高牛磺酸(homotaurine)(即,3-氨基丙磺酸;3APS);5-羟色胺受体活性调节剂(即,扎利罗登(xaliproden));干扰素和糖皮质激素。
CNS的癌症特征在于一个或多个CNS细胞(即,神经细胞)的异常增殖,并且包括但不限于,胶质瘤(glioma),多形性胶质母细胞瘤(glioblastoma multiforme),脑膜瘤(meningioma),星细胞瘤(astrocytoma),听神经瘤(acoustic neuroma),软骨瘤(chondroma),少突神经胶质瘤(oligodendroglioma),成神经管细胞瘤(medulloblastomas),神经节神经胶质瘤(ganglioglioma),神经鞘瘤(Schwannoma),神经纤维瘤(neurofibroma),成神经细胞瘤(neuroblastoma),和硬膜外、髓内或硬膜内肿瘤。
对于癌症,可以选择是化疗剂的神经学药物。化疗剂的实例包括烷基化试剂,如塞替哌(thiotepa)和环磷酰胺(cyclosphosphamide);烷基磺酸酯(alkylsulfonates),如白消安(busulfan),英丙舒凡(improsulfan)和哌泊舒凡(piposulfan);吖丙啶类(aziridines),如苯佐替派(benzodopa)、卡波醌(carboquone)、美妥替哌(meturedopa)和乌瑞替哌(uredopa);乙撑亚胺类(ethylenimines)和甲基蜜胺类(methylamelamines),包括六甲蜜胺(altretamine)、曲他胺(triethylenemelamine)、三亚乙基磷酰胺(triethylenephosphoramide)、三乙烯硫代磷酸胺(triethiylenethiophosphor-amide)和三羟甲蜜胺(trimethylolomelamine);聚乙酸类(acetogenins)(特别是布拉他辛(bullatacin)和布拉他辛酮(bullatacinone));△-9-四氢大麻酚(delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol)(屈大麻酚(dronabinol)、);β-拉帕醌(beta-lapachone);拉帕醇(lapachol);秋水仙碱(colchicines);桦木酸(betulinic acid);喜树碱(camptothecin)(包括合成的类似物托泊替康(topotecan)CPT-11(伊立替康(irinotecan),)、乙酰喜树碱(acetylcamptothecin)、东莨菪亭(scopolectin)和9-氨基喜树碱(9-aminocamptothecin));苔藓抑素(bryostatin);海绵多烯酮类化合物(callystatin);CC-1065(包括其阿多来新(adozelesin)、卡折来新(carzelesin)和比折来新(bizelesin)合成类似物);鬼臼毒素(podophyllotoxin);鬼臼酸(podophyllinic acid);替尼泊苷(teniposide);隐藻素类(cryptophycins)(特别是隐藻素1和隐藻素8);多拉司他汀(dolastatin);倍癌霉素(duocarmycin)(包括合成的类似物KW-2189和CB1-TM1);艾榴素(eleutherobin);pancratistatin;匍枝珊瑚醇(sarcodictyin);海绵素(spongistatin);氮芥(nitrogen mustards),如苯丁酸氮芥(chlorambucil)、萘氮芥(chlornaphazine)、胆磷酰胺(chlorophosphamide)、雌莫司汀(estramustine)、异环磷酰胺(ifosfamide)、氮芥(mechlorethamine)、盐酸氧氮芥(mechlorethamine oxide hydrochloride)、美法仑(melphalan)、新氮芥(novembichin)、苯芥胆甾醇(phenesterine)、泼尼莫司汀(prednimustine)、曲磷胺(trofosfamide)、尿嘧啶氮芥(uracil mustard);亚硝基脲类(nitrosoureas),如卡莫司汀(carmustine)、氯脲菌素(chlorozotocin)、福莫司汀(fotemustine)、洛莫司汀(lomustine)、尼莫司汀(nimustine)和雷莫司汀(ranimnustine);抗生素如烯二炔类(enediyne)抗生素(例如,卡奇霉素(calicheamicin),尤其是卡奇霉素γ1I和卡奇霉素ωI1(参见例如Agnew,Chem.Intl.Ed.Engl.,33:183-186(1994));烯二炔蒽环类抗生素(dynemicin),包括烯二炔蒽环类抗生素A;埃斯波霉素(esperamicin);以及新制癌菌素(neocarzinostatin)生色团和相关色素蛋白烯二炔类抗生素生色团)、阿克拉霉素(aclacinomysins)、放线菌素(actinomycin)、蒽霉素(authramycin)、偶氮丝氨酸(azaserine)、博来霉素(bleomycins)、放线菌素C(cactinomycin)、carabicin、洋红霉素(carminomycin)、嗜癌霉素(carzinophilin)、色霉素(chromomycins)、放线菌素D(dactinomycin)、柔红霉素(daunorubicin)、地托比星(detorubicin)、6-重氮-5-氧代-L-正亮氨酸(6-diazo-5-oxo-L-norleucine)、多柔比星(doxorubicin)(包括吗啉代-多柔比星(morpholino-doxorubicin)、氰基吗啉代-多柔比星(cyanomorpholino-doxorubicin)、2-吡咯啉-多柔比星(2-pyrrolino-doxorubicin)和脱氧多柔比星(deoxydoxorubicin))、表柔比星(epirubicin)、依索比星(esorubicin)、伊达比星(idarubicin)、马塞罗霉素(marcellomycin)、丝裂霉素类(mitomycins)如丝裂霉素C、麦考酚酸(mycophenolicacid)、诺拉霉素(nogalamycin)、橄榄霉素(olivomycins)、培洛霉素(peplomycin)、紫菜霉素(porfiromycin)、嘌呤霉素(puromycin)、三铁阿霉素(quelamycin)、罗多比星(rodorubicin)、链黑霉素(streptonigrin)、链佐星(streptozocin)、杀结核菌素(tubercidin)、乌苯美司(ubenimex)、净司他丁(zinostatin)、佐柔比星(zorubicin);抗代谢物,如甲氨喋呤和5-氟尿嘧啶(5-fluorouracil)(5-FU);叶酸类似物,如二甲叶酸(denopterin)、甲氨喋呤、喋罗呤(pteropterin)、三甲曲沙(trimetrexate);嘌呤类似物如氟达拉滨(fludarabine)、6-巯嘌呤(6-mercaptopurine)、硫咪嘌呤(thiamiprine)、硫鸟嘌呤(thioguanine);嘧啶类似物,如安西他滨(ancitabine)、阿扎胞苷(azacitidine)、6-氮尿苷(6-azauridine)、卡莫氟(carmofur)、阿糖胞苷(cytarabine)、双脱氧尿苷(dideoxyuridine)、去氧氟尿苷(doxifluridine)、依诺他滨(enocitabine)、氟尿苷(floxuridine);雄激素类,诸如卡鲁睾酮(calusterone)、丙酸屈他雄酮(dromostanolonepropionate)、环硫雄醇(epitiostanol)、美雄烷(mepitiostane)、睾内酯(testolactone);抗肾上腺药(anti-adrenals)如氨鲁米特(aminoglutethimide)、米托坦(mitotane)、曲洛司坦(trilostane);叶酸补偿剂,如亚叶酸(frolinic acid);醋葡醛内酯(aceglatone);羟醛磷酰胺配糖(aldophosphamide glycoside);5-氨基酮戊酸(aminolevulinic acid);恩尿嘧啶(eniluracil);安吖啶(amsacrine);bestrabucil;比生群(bisantrene);依达曲沙(edatraxate);defofamine;秋水仙胺(demecolcine);地吖醌(diaziquone);elfornithine;依利醋铵(elliptinium acetate);埃坡霉素(epothilone);依托格鲁(etoglucid);硝酸镓(gallium nitrate);羟基脲(hydroxyurea);香菇多糖(lentinan);氯尼达明(lonidainine);美登素类(maytansinoids),如美坦辛(maytansine)和安丝菌素(ansamitocins);米托胍腙(mitoguazone);米托蒽醌(mitoxantrone);莫哌达醇(mopidanmol);尼曲吖啶(nitraerine);喷司他丁(pentostatin);异丙嗪(phenamet);吡柔比星(pirarubicin);洛索蒽醌(losoxantrone);2-乙基酰肼(2-ethylhydrazide);丙卡巴肼(procarbazine);多糖复合物(JHS Natural Products(JHS天然产品),Eugene,OR);雷佐生(razoxane);利索新(rhizoxin);西佐喃(sizofiran);锗螺胺(spirogermanium);细交链孢菌酮酸(tenuazonic acid);三亚胺醌(triaziquone);2,2’,2”-三氯三乙胺(2,2’,2”-trichlorotriethylamine);单端孢霉烯族化合物(trichothecenes)(特别是T-2毒素、verracurin A、杆孢菌素A(roridin A)和蛇形菌素(anguidine));乌拉坦(urethan);长春地辛(vindesine)达卡巴嗪(dacarbazine);甘露莫司汀(mannomustine);二溴甘露醇(mitobronitol);二溴卫矛醇(mitolactol);哌泊溴烷(pipobroman);gacytosine;阿糖胞苷(arabinoside)(“Ara-C”);塞替哌(thiotepa);紫杉烷类化合物(taxoids),例如紫杉醇(paclitaxel)(Bristol-Myers Squibb Oncology,Princeton,N.J.)、不含Cremophor的ABRAXANETM(ABRAXANETM Cremophor-free),紫杉醇的白蛋白改造的纳米颗粒制剂(American Pharmaceutical Partners,Schaumberg,Illinois)和多西他赛(docetaxel)(Rorer,Antony,法国);苯丁酸氮芥(chloranbucil);吉西他滨(gemcitabine)6-硫鸟嘌呤(6-thioguanine);巯嘌呤(mercaptopurine);甲氨喋呤;铂类似物,如顺铂(cisplatin)和卡铂(carboplatin);长春碱(vinblastine)铂;依托泊苷(etoposide)(VP-16);异环磷酰胺(ifosfamide);米托蒽醌(mitoxantrone);长春新碱(vincristine)奥沙利铂(oxaliplatin);leucovovin;长春瑞滨(vinorelbine)诺安托(novantrone);依达曲沙(edatrexate);道诺霉素(daunomycin);氨基喋呤(aminopterin);伊班膦酸盐(ibandronate);拓扑异构酶抑制剂RFS 2000;二氟甲基鸟氨酸(difluoromethylornithine,DMFO);类视黄酸类(retinoids),如视黄酸(retinoic acid);卡培他滨(capecitabine)以上任何一种的药用盐、酸或衍生物;以及以上各项中的两个以上的组合,如CHOP,即环磷酰胺、多柔比星、长春新碱、和泼尼松龙(prednisolone)的组合疗法的缩写;以及FOLFOX,即与5-FU和leucovovin组合的奥沙利铂(oxaliplatin)(ELOXATINTM)的治疗方案的缩写。
同样包括在对化疗剂的该定义中的是抗激素剂,其作用为调节、降低、阻断或抑制可促进癌生长的激素效果,并且通常为系统或全身治疗的形式。它们自身可以是激素。实例包括抗雌激素类和选择性雌激素受体调控物类(SERM),包括,例如,他莫昔芬(tamoxifen)(包括他莫昔芬),雷洛昔芬(raloxifene),屈洛昔芬(droloxifene),4-羟基他莫西芬,曲沃昔芬(trioxifene),keoxifene,LY117018,奥那司酮(onapristone),和托瑞米芬(toremifene));抗黄体酮;雌激素受体下调剂(ERDs);起作用抑制或关闭卵巢的药剂,例如,促黄体生成激素释放素(leutinizinghormone-releasing hormone)(LHRH)激动剂,如和醋酸亮丙立德(leuprolide acetate),醋酸戈舍瑞林(goserelin acetate)、醋酸布舍瑞林(buserelinacetate)和tripterelin;其他抗雄激素类,如氟他胺(flutamide)、尼鲁米特(nilutamide)和比卡鲁胺(bicalutamide);和抑制芳香酶的芳香酶抑制剂,其调节肾上腺中的雌激素生产,诸如例如,4(5)-咪唑、氨鲁米特(aminoglutethimide)、醋酸甲地孕酮(megestrol acetate)、依西美坦(exemestane)、福美坦(formestanie),法倔唑(fadrozole)、伏氯唑(vorozole)、来曲唑(letrozole)和阿那曲唑(anastrozole)。此外,对化疗剂的这种定义包括二膦酸盐类(bisphosphonates),如氯膦酸盐(clodronate)(例如,或)、依替膦酸盐(etidronate)、NE-58095、唑来膦酸(zoledronicacid)/唑来膦酸盐(zoledronate)、阿仑膦酸盐(alendronate)、帕米膦酸盐(pamidronate)、替鲁膦酸盐(tiludronate)或利塞膦酸盐(risedronate);以及曲沙他滨(troxacitabine)(1,3-二氧戊环核苷胞嘧啶类似物);反义寡核苷酸,特别是抑制在涉及异常细胞增殖的信号传导途径中基因的表达的那些,诸如例如,PKC-α、Raf、H-Ras和表皮生长因子受体(EGF-R);疫苗诸如疫苗和基因治疗疫苗,例如,疫苗、疫苗和疫苗;石扑异构酶1抑制剂;rmRH;托西拉帕替尼(1apatinib ditosylate)(ErbB-2和EGFR双重酪氨酸激酶小分子抑制剂,也已知为GW572016);和以上任一种的药用盐、酸或衍生物。
可以被选作为用于癌症治疗或预防的神经学药物的另一组化合物是抗癌免疫球蛋白(包括但不限于,曲妥珠单抗(trastuzumab),帕妥珠单抗(pertuzumab),贝伐珠单抗(bevacizumab),阿仑单抗(alemtuxumab),西妥昔单抗(cetuximab),吉妥珠单抗(gemtuzumab ozogamicin),替尼莫单抗(ibritumomab tiuxetan),帕尼单抗(panitumumab)和利妥昔单抗(rituximab))。在一些情况中,与有毒的标记或缀合物结合的抗体可以用于靶向并杀死目的细胞(即,癌症细胞),所述抗体包括但不限于,具有131I放射性标记的托西莫单抗(tositumomab),或曲妥珠单抗emtansine(trastuzumab emtansine)。
眼部疾病或病症是眼睛的疾病或病症,为本文的目的,眼睛被视为受制于BBB的CNS器官。眼部疾病或病症包括但不限于,巩膜、角膜、虹膜和睫状体的病症(即,巩膜炎(scleritis)、角膜炎(keratitis)、角膜溃疡(corneal ulcer),角膜擦伤(cornealabrasion),雪盲(snow blindness),电光性眼炎(arc eye),Thygeson浅层点状角膜病变(Thygeson’s superficial punctate keratopathy),角膜新生血管化(cornealneovascularisation),富克斯营养不良(Fuchs’dystrophy),圆锥形角膜(keratoconus),干燥性角膜结膜炎(keratoconjunctivitis sicca),虹膜炎(iritis)和葡萄膜炎(uveitis)),晶状体的病症(即,白内障(cataract)),脉络膜和视网膜的病症(即,视网膜脱离(retinal detachment),视网膜劈裂症(retinoschisis),高血压性视网膜病变(hypertensive retinopathy),糖尿病视网膜病变(diabetic retinopathy),视网膜病(retinopathy),早产儿视网膜病,老年性黄斑变性(age-related maculardegeneration),黄斑变性(湿性或干性),视网膜外膜(epiretinal membrane),色素性视网膜炎(retinitis pigmentosa)和黄斑水肿(macular edema)),青光眼(glaucoma),悬浮物(floaters),视神经和视觉通路的病症(即,莱伯遗传性视神经病变(Leber’s hereditaryoptic neuropathy)和视觉盘玻璃疣(optic disc drusen)),眼肌/双眼移动调节/折射的病症(即,斜视(strabismus),眼肌瘫痪(ophthalmoparesis),进行性外部眼肌麻痹(progressive external opthahnoplegia),内斜视(esotropia),外斜视(exotropia),远视(hypermetropia),近视(myopia),散光(astigmatism),屈光不正(anisometropia),老花眼(presbyopia)和眼肌麻痹(ophthalmoplegia)),视觉障碍和失明(即,弱视(amblyopia),莱伯先天性黑矇(Lever’s congenital amaurosis),暗点(scotoma),色盲(colorblindness),全色盲(achromatopsia),夜盲症(nyctalopia),失明,河盲(riverblindness)和微眼炎/缺损(micro-opthalmia/coloboma)),红眼,阿盖耳罗伯逊瞳孔(Argyll Robertson pupil),角膜真菌病(keratomycosis),干眼病(xerophthalmia)和无虹膜(aniridia)。
对于眼疾病或病症,可以选择是以下各项的神经学药物:抗新生血管眼科剂(即,贝伐珠单抗,雷珠单抗(ranibizumab)和培加尼布(pegaptanib)),眼科青光眼药(即,卡巴胆碱(carbachol),肾上腺素(epinephrine),地美溴铵(demecarium bromide),阿可乐定(apraclonidine),溴莫尼定(brimonidine),布林唑胺(brinzolamide),左布诺洛尔(levobunolol),噻吗洛尔(timolol),倍他洛尔(betaxolol),多佐胺(dorzolamide),比马前列素(bimatoprost),卡替洛尔(carteolol),美替洛尔(metipranolol),地匹福林(dipivefrin),曲伏前列素(travoprost)和拉坦前列素(latanoprost)),碳酸酐酶抑制剂(即,醋甲唑胺(methazolamide)和乙酰唑胺(acetazolamide)),眼科抗组胺剂(即,萘甲唑啉(naphazoline),去氧肾上腺素(phenylephrine)和四氢唑啉(tetrahydrozoline)),眼用润滑剂,眼科甾类化合物(即,氟米龙(fluorometholone),泼尼松龙(prednisolone),氯替泼诺(loteprednol),地塞米松(dexamethasone),二氟泼尼酯(difluprednate),利美索龙(rimexolone),醋酸氟轻松(fluocinolone),甲羟松(medrysone)和去炎松(triamcinolone)),眼科麻醉剂(即,利多卡因(lidocaine),丙美卡因(proparacaine)和丁卡因(tetracaine)),眼科抗感染剂(即,左氧氟沙星(levofloxacin),加替沙星(gatifloxacin),环丙沙星(ciprofloxacin),莫西沙星(moxifloxacin),氯霉素(chloramphenicol),杆菌肽/多粘菌素b(bacitracin/polymyxin b),磺胺醋酰(sulfacetamide),妥布霉素(tobramycin),阿奇霉素(azithromycin),贝西沙星(besifloxacin),诺氟沙星(norfloxacin),磺胺异唑(sulfisoxazole),庆大霉素(gentamicin),碘苷(idoxuridine),红霉素(erythromycin),那他霉素(natamycin),短杆菌肽(gramicidin),新霉素(neomycin),氧氟沙星(ofloxacin),曲氟尿苷(trifluridine),更昔洛韦(ganciclovir),阿糖腺苷(vidarabine)),眼科抗炎剂(即,奈帕芬胺(nepafenac),酮咯酸(ketorolac),氟比洛芬(flurbiprofen),舒洛芬(suprofen),环孢菌素(cyclosporine),去炎松(triamcinolone),双氯芬酸(diclofenac)和溴芬酸(bromfenac)),和眼科抗组胺剂或解充血药(即,酮替芬(ketotifen),奥洛他定(olopatadine),依匹斯汀(epinastine),萘甲唑啉(naphazoline),色甘酸钠(cromolyn),四氢唑啉(tetrahydrozoline),吡嘧司特(pemirolast),贝他斯汀(bepotastine),萘甲唑啉(naphazoline),去氧肾上腺素(phenylephrine),奈多罗米(nedocromil),洛度沙胺(lodoxamide),去氧肾上腺素(phenylephrine),依美斯汀(emedastine)和氮卓斯汀(azelastine))。
CNS的病毒或微生物感染包括但不限于由以下引起的感染,病毒(即,流感,HIV,脊髓灰质炎病毒,风疹),细菌(即,奈瑟氏球菌属(Neisseria sp.),链球菌属(Streptococcussp.),假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas sp.),变形菌属(Proteus sp.),大肠杆菌(E.coli),金黄色葡萄球菌(S.aureus),肺炎球菌属(Pneumococcus sp.),脑膜炎球菌属(Meningococcussp.),嗜血杆菌属(Haemophilus sp.),和结核分枝杆菌(Mycobacterium tuberculosis))和其他微生物,如真菌(即,酵母,新型隐球菌(Cryptococcus neoformans)),寄生虫(即,弓形虫(toxoplasma gondii))或变形虫(amoebas),导致CNS病理生理学,包括但不限于,脑膜炎,脑炎,脊髓炎,血管炎和脓肿(abscess),其可以是急性的或慢性的。
对于病毒或微生物疾病,可以选择这样的神经学药物,其包括但不限于,抗病毒化合物(包括但不限于,金刚烷抗病毒药(即,金刚乙胺(rimantadine)和金刚烷胺(amantadine)),抗病毒干扰素(即,聚乙二醇干扰素α-2b(peginterferon alfa-2b)),趋化因子受体拮抗剂(即,马拉韦罗(maraviroc)),整合酶链转移抑制剂(即,raltegravir),神经氨酸酶(neuraminidase)抑制剂(即,奥塞米韦(oseltamivir)和扎那米韦(zanamivir)),非核苷逆转录酶抑制剂(即,依法韦仑(efavirenz),依曲韦林(etravirine),地拉韦啶(delavirdine)和奈韦拉平(nevirapine)),核苷逆转录酶抑制剂(去羟肌苷加(tenofovir),阿巴卡韦(abacavir),拉米夫定(lamivudine),齐多夫定(zidovudine),司他夫定(stavudine),恩替卡韦(entecavir),恩曲他滨(emtricitabine),阿德福韦(adefovir),扎昔他宾(zalcitabine),替比夫定(telbivudine)和去羟肌苷(didanosine)),蛋白酶抑制剂(即,达芦那韦(darunavir),阿扎那韦(atazanavir),呋山那韦(fosamprenavir),替拉那韦(tipranavir),利托纳韦(ritonavir),奈芬纳韦(nelfinavir),氨普那韦(amprenavir),茚地那韦(indinavir)和沙奎那韦(saquinavir)),嘌呤核苷(即,伐昔洛韦(valacyclovir),泛昔洛韦(famciclovir),阿昔洛韦(acyclovir),利巴韦林(ribavirin),更昔洛韦(ganciclovir),缬更昔洛韦(valganciclovir)和西多福韦(cidofovir)),和杂类抗病毒药(即,恩夫韦肽(enfuvirtide),膦甲酸(foscarnet),帕利珠单抗(palivizumab)和福米韦生(fomivirsen)),抗生素(包括但不限于,氨基青霉素(aminopenicillin)(即,羟氨苄青霉素(amoxicillin),氨苄青霉素(ampicillin),苯唑西林(oxacillin),萘夫西林(nafcillin),氯唑西林(cloxacillin),双氯西林(dicloxacillin),flucoxacillin,替莫西林(temocillin),阿洛西林(azlocillin),羧苄西林(carbenicillin),替卡西林(ticarcillin),美洛西林(mezlocillin),哌拉西林(piperacillin)和巴氨西林(bacampicillin)),头孢菌素(cephalosporin)(即,头孢唑林(cefazolin),头孢氨苄(cephalexin),头孢噻吩(cephalothin),头孢孟多(cefamandole),头孢曲松(ceftriaxone),头孢噻肟(cefotaxime),头孢达肟(cefpodoxime),头孢他啶(ceftazidime),头孢羟氨苄(cefadroxil),头孢拉定(cephradine),氯碳头孢(loracarbef),头孢替坦(cefotetan),头孢唑肟(cefuroxime),头孢丙烯(cefprozil),头孢克洛(cefaclor)和头孢西丁(cefoxitin)),碳青霉烯/培南(carbapenem/penem)(即,亚胺培南(imipenem),美罗培南(meropenem),厄他培南(ertapenem),法罗培南(faropenem)和多利培南(doripenem)),单酰胺菌素(monobactam)(即,胺曲南(aztreonam),替吉莫南(tigemonam),norcardicinA和烟毒素-β-内酰胺(tabtoxinine-β-lactam)),与另一种β-内酰胺抗生素联合的β-内酰胺酶抑制剂(即,克拉维酸(clavulanic acid),三唑巴坦(tazobactam)和舒巴克坦(sulbactam)),氨基葡糖苷(即,阿米卡星(amikacin),庆大霉素(gentamicin),卡那霉素(kanamycin),新霉素(neomycin),奈替米星(netilmicin),链霉素,托普霉素(tobramycin)和巴龙霉素(paromomycin)),安沙霉素(ansamycin)(即,格尔德霉素(geldanamycin)和除莠霉素(herbimycin)),碳头孢烯(carbacephem)(即,氯碳头孢(loracarbef)),糖肽(即,替考拉宁(teicoplanin)和万古霉素(vancomycin)),大环内酯(即,阿奇霉素(azithromycin),克拉霉素(clarithromycin),地红霉素(dirithromycin),红霉素(erythromycin),罗红霉素(roxithromycin),醋竹桃霉素(troleandomycin),泰利霉素(telithromycin)和壮观霉素(spectinomycin)),单酰胺菌素(monobactam)(即,胺曲南(aztreonam)),喹诺酮(quinolone)(即,环丙沙星(ciprofloxacin),依诺沙星(enoxacin),加替沙星(gatifloxacin),左氧氟沙星(levofloxacin),利莫沙星(lomefloxacin),莫西沙星(moxifloxacin),诺氟沙星(norfloxacin),氧氟沙星(ofloxacin),曲伐沙星(trovafloxacin),格帕沙星(grepafloxacin),司帕沙星(sparfloxacin)和替马沙星(temafloxacin)),磺酰胺(即,磺胺米隆(mafenide),sulfonamidochrysoidine,乙酰磺胺(sulfacetamide),磺胺嘧啶(sulfadiazine),磺胺甲二唑(sulfamethizole),磺胺(sulfanilamide),柳氮磺吡啶(sulfasalazine),磺胺异唑(sulfisoxazole),甲氧苄啶(trimethoprim),甲氧苄啶(trimethoprim)和磺胺甲唑(sulfamethoxazole)),四环素(tetracycline)(即,四环素(tetracycline),地美环素(demeclocycline),多西环素(doxycycline),米诺环素(minocycline)和土霉素(oxytetracycline)),抗肿瘤药或细胞毒性抗生素(即,多柔比星(doxorubicin),米托蒽醌(mitoxantrone),博来霉素(bleomycin),柔红霉素(daunorubicin),更生霉素(dactinomycin),表柔比星(epirubicin),伊达比星(idarubicin),普利霉素(plicamycin),丝裂霉素(mitomycin),喷司他丁(pentostatin)和戊柔比星(valrubicin))和杂类抗菌化合物(即,杆菌肽(bacitracin),粘菌素(colistin)和多粘菌素B(polymyxinB)),抗真菌剂(即,甲硝唑(metronidazole),硝唑尼特(nitazoxanide),替硝唑(tinidazole),氯喹(chloroquine),双碘喹啉(iodoquinol)和巴龙霉素(paromomycin)),和抗寄生虫药(包括但不限于,奎宁(quinine),氯喹(chloroquine),阿莫地喹(amodiaquine),乙胺嘧啶(pyrimethamine),磺胺多辛(sulphadoxine),百乐君(proguanil),甲氟喹(mefloquine),阿托伐醌(atovaquone),伯氨喹(primaquine),青蒿素(artemesinin),卤泛群(halofantrine),多西环素(doxycycline),克林霉素(clindamycin),甲苯达唑(mebendazole),双羟萘酸噻嘧啶(pyrantel pamoate),噻苯哒唑(thiabendazole),乙胺嗪(diethylcarbamazine),伊维菌素(ivermectin),利福平(rifampin),两性霉素B(amphotericin B),美拉胂醇(melarsoprol),efornithine和阿苯达唑(albendazole))。
CNS的炎症包括,但不限于,其由对CNS的损伤引起的炎症,所述损伤可以是物理损伤(即,由于事故,手术,脑创伤,脊髓损伤,脑震荡(concussion)所致的)或由于或相关于一种或多种CNS的其他疾病或病症(即,脓肿,癌症,病毒或微生物感染)的损伤。
对于CNS炎症,可以选择治疗炎症自身的神经学药物(即,非甾类抗炎剂如布洛芬或萘普生(naproxen)),或治疗炎症的潜在原因的神经学药物(即,抗病毒或抗癌症药剂)。
当用于本文中时,CNS的缺血是指一组病症,其相关于脑部的异常血流或血管行为或其病因,并且包括但不限于,局部脑缺血(focal brain ischemia),全局脑缺血(globalbrain ischemia),卒中(即,蛛网膜下出血(subarachnoid hemorrhage)和脑内出血(intracerebral hemorrhage)),和动脉瘤(aneurysm)。
对于缺血,可以选择这样的神经学药物,其包括但不限于,溶血栓药(即,尿激酶,阿替普酶(alteplase),瑞替普酶(reteplase)和替奈普酶(tenecteplase)),血小板凝集抑制剂(即,阿司匹林(aspirin),西洛他唑(cilostazol),氯吡格雷(clopidogrel),普拉格雷(prasugrel)和双嘧达莫(dipyridamole)),他汀(statin)(即,洛伐他汀(lovastatin),普伐他汀(pravastatin),氟伐他汀(fluvastatin),罗舒伐他汀(rosuvastatin),阿托伐他汀(atorvastatin),辛伐他汀(simvastatin),西立伐他汀(cerivastatin)和匹伐他汀(pitavastatin)),和改善血液流动或血管弹性的化合物,包括例如血压药物。
神经变性疾病是一组与CNS中神经细胞丧失功能或死亡相关的疾病和病症,并且其包括但不限于,肾上腺脑白质营养不良(adrenoleukodystrophy),亚历山大病,阿尔珀斯病(Alper’s disease),肌萎缩性侧索硬化,运动失调性毛细血管扩张症(ataxiatelangiectasia),Batten 病(Batten disease),科凯恩综合征(cockayne syndrome),基层皮质变性(corticobasal degeneration),由淀粉样变性引起或与其相关的变性,弗里德赖希共济失调症(Friedreich’s ataxia),额颞叶变性(frontotemporal lobardegeneration),Kennedy病(Kennedy’s disease),多系统萎缩,多发性硬化,原发性侧索硬化,进行性核上性麻痹,脊髓性肌萎缩,横贯性脊髓炎,雷夫叙姆病(Refsum’s disease),和脊髓小脑性共济失调。
对于神经变性疾病,可以选择是生长激素或神经营养因子的神经学药物;实例包括但不限于,脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF),神经生长因子(NGF),神经营养蛋白-4/5,成纤维细胞生长因子(FGF)-2和其他FGF,神经营养蛋白(NT)-3,促红细胞生成素(EPO),肝细胞生长因子(HGF),表皮生长因子(EGF),转化生长因子(TGF)-α,TGF-β,血管内皮生长因子(VEGF),白介素-1受体拮抗剂(IL-1ra),睫状神经营养因子(CNTF),神经胶质源性神经营养因子(GDNF),neurturin,血小板源性生长因子(PDGF),调蛋白(heregulin),神经调节蛋白,artemin,persephin,白介素,神经胶质细胞系源性神经营养因子(GFR),粒细胞集落刺激因子(CSF),粒细胞-巨噬细胞-CSF,导蛋白(netrins),心肌营养蛋白-1,刺猬分子(hedgehogs),白血病抑制因子(LIF),中期因子,多效营养因子,骨形成蛋白(BMP),导蛋白,皂化蛋白,脑信号蛋白(semaphorins)和干细胞因子(SCF)。
CNS的癫痫发作(seizure)疾病和病症涉及CNS中的不适当和/或异常电导,并且包括但不限于,癫痫(即,失神型发作(absence seizures),无张力性癫痫发作(atonicseizures),良性运动性癫痫(benign Rolandic epilepsy),儿童期失神(childhoodabsence),阵挛发作(clonic seizures),复杂部分性癫痫发作(complex partialseizures),额叶性癫痫(frontal lobe epilepsy),发热性癫痫发作(febrile seizures),婴儿痉挛(infantile spasms),青少年期肌阵挛性癫痫(juvenile myoclonic epilepsy),青少年期失神型癫痫(juvenile absence epilepsy),伦-格综合征(Lennox-Gastautsyndrome),兰-克综合征(Landau-Kleffner Syndrome),Dravet综合征(Dravet’ssyndrome),Otahara综合征(Otahara syndrome),West综合征(West syndrome),肌阵挛性癫痫发作(myoclonic seizures),线粒体病(mitochondrial disorders),进行性肌阵挛性癫痫(progressive myoclonic epilepsies),精神性癫痫发作(psychogenic seizures),反射性癫痫(reflex epilepsy),Rasmussen综合征(Rasmussen′s Syndrome),简单部分性癫痫发作(simple partial seizures),继发性全身性癫痫发作(secondarilygeneralized seizures),颞叶癫痫(temporal lobe epilepsy),强直阵挛性癫痫发作(toniclonic seizures),强直性癫痫发作(tonic seizures),精神运动癫痫发作(psychomotor seizures),边缘叶癫痫(limbic epilepsy),部分发作性癫痫发作(partial-onset seizures),全身发作性癫痫发作(generalized-onset seizures),癫痫持续状态(status epilepticus),腹型癫痫(abdominal epilepsy),无动性发作(akineticseizures),植物神经性发作(autonomic seizures),大量双侧肌阵挛(massive bilateralmyoclonus),月经性癫痫(catamenial epilepsy),跌倒发作(drop seizures),情绪性发作(emotional seizures),病灶性发作(focal seizures),发笑发作(gelastic seizures),贾克森扩布(Jacksonian March),拉福拉病(Lafora Disease),运动性发作(motorseizures),多病灶性发作(multifocal seizures),夜间发作(nocturnal seizures),光敏性发作(photosensitive seizure),假性发作(pseudo seizures),感觉性发作(sensoryseizures),微小发作(subtle seizures),sylvan发作(sylvan seizures),戒断发作(withdrawal seizures),和视反射发作(visual reflex seizures))。
对于癫痫发作病症,可以选择是抗惊厥药或抗癫痫药的神经学药物,其包括但不限于,巴比妥酸盐(barbiturate)抗惊厥药(即,扑米酮(primidone),美沙比妥(metharbital),甲苯比妥(mephobarbital),阿洛巴比妥(allobarbital),异戊巴比妥(amobarbital),阿普比妥(aprobarbital),苯烯比妥(alphenal),巴比妥(barbital),溴烯比妥(brallobarbital)和苯巴比妥(phenobarbital)),苯并二氮类(benzodiazepine)抗惊厥药(即,地西泮(diazepam),氯硝西泮(clonazepam)和劳拉西泮(lorazepam)),氨基甲酸酯(carbamate)抗惊厥药(即非尔氨酯(felbamate)),碳酸酐酶(carbonic anhydrase)抑制剂抗惊厥药(即,乙酰唑胺(acetazolamide),托吡酯(topiramate)和唑尼沙胺(zonisamide)),二苯并氮(dibenzazepine)抗惊厥药(即,卢非酰胺(rufinamide),卡马西平(carbamazepine)和奥卡西平(oxcarbazepine)),脂肪酸衍生物抗惊厥药(即,双丙戊酸钠(divalproex)和丙戊酸(valproic acid)),γ-氨基丁酸类似物(即,普瑞巴林(pregabalin),加巴喷丁(gabapentin)和氨己烯酸(vigabatrin)),γ-氨基丁酸再摄取抑制剂(即,噻加宾(tiagabine)),γ-氨基丁酸转氨酶抑制剂(即,氨己烯酸(vigabatrin),乙内酰脲(hydantoin)抗惊厥药(即苯妥英(phenytoin),乙苯妥英(ethotoin),磷苯妥英(fosphenytoin)和美芬妥英(mephenytoin)),杂类抗惊厥药(即,拉科酰胺(lacosamide)和硫酸镁),孕酮类(即,黄体酮(progesterone)),唑烷二酮(oxazolidinedione)抗惊厥药(即,甲乙双酮(paramethadione)和三甲双酮(trimethadione)),吡咯烷抗惊厥药(即,左乙拉西坦(levetiracetam)),琥珀酰亚胺抗惊厥药(即,乙琥胺(ethosuximide)和甲琥胺(methsuximide)),三嗪抗惊厥药(即,拉莫三嗪(lamotrigine)),和尿素抗惊厥药(即,苯乙酰脲(phenacemide)和苯丁酰脲(pheneturide))。
行为障碍是一种CNS的病症,其特征为就受折磨的受试者而言的异常行为,并且包括但不限于,睡眠障碍(sleep disorders)(即,失眠(insomnia),深眠状态(parasomnias),夜惊(night terrors),昼夜节律睡眠障碍(circadian rhythm sleep disorders),和发作性睡病(narcolepsy)),情绪障碍(mood disorders)(即,抑郁(depression),自杀性抑郁(suicidal depression),焦虑(anxiety),慢性情感障碍(chronic affectivedisorders),恐怖病(phobias),惊恐发作(panic attacks),强迫性障碍(obsessive-compulsive disorder),注意力缺陷伴多动障碍(attention deficit hyperactivitydisorder,ADHD),注意缺陷障碍(attention deficit disorder,ADD),慢性疲劳综合征(chronic fatigue syndrome),广场恐怖症(agoraphobia),创伤后应激障碍(post-traumatic stress disorder),双相性精神障碍(bipolar disorder)),进食障碍(即,厌食症(anorexia)或贪食症(bulimia)),重性精神病(psychoses),发育行为障碍(developmental behavioral disorders)(即,自闭症(autism),雷特综合征(Rett’ssyndrome),Aspberger综合征(Aspberger’s syndrome)),人格障碍(personalitydisorders)和精神障碍(psychotic disorders)(即,精神分裂症(schizophrenia),妄想障碍(delusional disorder)等)。
对于行为障碍,神经学药物可以选自行为修正化合物,其包括但不限于,非典型抗精神病药(即,利哌立酮(risperidone),奥氮平(olanzapine),apripiprazole,喹硫平(quetiapine),帕潘立酮(paliperidone),阿塞那平(asenapine),氯氮平(clozapine),伊潘立酮(iloperidone)和齐拉西酮(ziprasidone)),吩噻嗪抗精神病药(即,丙氯拉嗪(prochlorperazine),氯丙嗪(chlorpromazine),氟奋乃静(fluphenazine),奋乃静(perphenazine),三氟拉嗪(trifluoperazine),硫利达嗪(thioridazine)和美索达嗪(mesoridazine)),噻吨(thioxanthene)(即,氨砜噻吨(thiothixene)),杂类抗精神病药(即,匹莫齐特(pimozide),锂(lithium),吗茚酮(molindone),氟哌啶醇(haloperidol)和洛沙平(loxapine)),选择性5-羟色胺再摄取抑制剂(即,西酞普兰(citalopram),依他普仑(escitalopram),帕罗西汀(paroxetine),氟西汀(fluoxetine)和舍曲林(sertraline)),5-羟色胺-去甲肾上腺素(norepinephrine)再摄取抑制剂(即,度洛西汀(duloxetine),文拉法辛(venlafaxine),地文拉法辛(desvenlafaxine)),三环抗抑郁药(即,多塞平(doxepin)),氯米帕明(clomipramine),阿莫沙平(amoxapine),去甲替林(nortriptyline),阿米替林(amitriptyline),曲米帕明(trimipramine),丙咪嗪(imipramine),普罗替林(protriptyline)和地昔帕明(desipramine)),四环抗抑郁药(即,米氮平(mirtazapine)和麦普替林(maprotiline)),苯基哌嗪抗抑郁药(即,曲唑酮(trazodone)和奈法唑酮(nefazodone)),单胺氧化酶抑制剂(即,异卡波肼(isocarboxazid),苯乙肼(phenelzine),司来吉兰(selegiline)和反苯环丙铵(tranylcypromine)),苯并二氮(即,阿普唑仑(alprazolam),艾司唑仑(estazolam),氟西泮(flurazeptam),氯硝西泮(clonazepam),劳拉西泮(lorazepam)和地西泮(diazepam)),去甲肾上腺素-多巴胺再摄取抑制剂(即,安非他酮(bupropion)),CNS兴奋剂(即,芬特明(phentermine),安非拉酮(diethylpropion),甲基苯丙胺(methamphetamine),右旋安非他命(dextroamphetamine),安非他命(amphetamine),哌醋甲酯(methylphenidate),右哌甲酯(dexmethylphenidate),利右苯丙胺(lisdexamfetamine),莫达非尼(modafinil),匹莫林(pemoline),苯甲曲秦(phendimetrazine),苄非他明(benzphetamine),苯甲曲秦(phendimetrazine),阿莫非尼(armodafinil),安非拉酮(diethylpropion),咖啡因(caffeine),阿托西汀(atomoxetine),多沙普仑(doxapram)和马吲哚(mazindol)),抗焦虑药/镇静药/催眠药(包括但不限于,巴比妥酸盐(barbiturate)(即,司可巴比妥(secobarbital),苯巴比妥(phenobarbital)和甲苯比妥(mephobarbital)),苯并二氮(如上所述),和杂类抗焦虑药/镇静药/催眠药(即苯海拉明(diphenhydramine),羟丁酸钠(sodium oxybate),扎来普隆(zaleplon),羟嗪(hydroxyzine),水合氯醛(chloral hydrate),aolpidem,丁螺环酮(buspirone),多塞平(doxepin),左旋佐皮克隆(eszopiclone),雷美尔通(ramelteon),甲丙氨酯(meprobamate)和乙氯维诺(ethclorvynol))),分泌素(参见,例如,Ratliff-Schaub等人,Autism 9:256-265(2005)),阿片样肽(参见,例如,Cowen等人,J.Neurochem.89:273-285(2004)),和神经肽(参见,例如,Hethwa等,Am.J.Physiol.289:E301-305(2005))。
溶酶体贮积症是一种代谢病症,在一些情况中其与CNS相关或具有CNS特异性症状;这样的病症包括但不限于:泰-萨克斯病(Tay-Sachs disease),戈谢病(Gaucher’sdisease),法布里病(Fabry disease),粘多糖贮积症(mucopolysaccharidosis)(I,II,III,IV,V,VI和VII型),糖原贮积病(glycogen storage disease),GM1神经节苷脂贮积症(GM1-gangliosidosis),异染性脑白质病变(metachromatic leukodystrophy),法伯病(Farber’s disease),卡纳范脑白质营养不良(Canavan’s leukodystrophy),和神经元蜡样脂褐素沉积症(neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses)1型和2型,尼曼-皮克病(Niemann-Pick disease),庞皮病(Pompe disease),和克拉伯病(Krabbe’s disease)。
对于溶酶体贮积症,可以选择这样的神经学药物,其自身或以其他方式模拟在该疾病中受损的酶的活性。用于治疗溶酶体贮存病的示例性重组酶包括但不限于,例如在美国专利申请公开号2005/0142141中描述的那些(即,α-L-艾杜糖醛酸酶(iduronidase),艾杜糖醛酸-2-硫酸酯酶,N-硫酸酯酶,α-N-乙酰葡糖胺糖苷酶,N-乙酰-半乳糖胺-6-硫酸酯酶,β-半乳糖苷酶,芳基硫酸酯酶B,β-葡糖醛酸糖苷酶,酸性α-葡糖苷酶,葡糖脑苷脂酶,α-半乳糖苷酶A,己糖胺酶A,酸性神经磷脂酶,β-半乳糖脑苷脂酶,β-半乳糖苷酶,芳基硫酸酯酶A,酸性酰胺酶,天冬氨酸酰酶(aspartoacylase),棕榈酰-蛋白硫酯酶1和三肽酰氨肽酶1)。
在另一个实施方案中,通过保留至少部分效应子功能的抗-TfR抗体的在本文中认识到的网织红细胞消耗作用,可以预防或治疗与不适当的红细胞过度产生有关或由其导致的疾病,或者其中红细胞的过度产生是疾病的作用的疾病。例如,在先天性或肿瘤性真性红细胞增多症中,归因于例如网织红细胞的过度增殖的升高的红细胞计数导致血液变稠和伴随的生理症状(d’Onofrio等人,Clin.Lab.Haematol.(1996)Suppl.1:29-34)。其中保留抗体的至少部分效应子功能的本发明的抗-TfR抗体的施用将允许不成熟网织红细胞群的选择性移除,而不影响向CNS中的正常运铁蛋白转运。如在本领域中所熟知的,可以调节这种抗体的用药以使得可以最小化急性临床症状(即以非常低的剂量或以宽范围的间隔用药)。
在一些方面中,本发明的抗体被用于在症状发作前检测神经系统疾病和/或评估疾病或病症的严重性或持续时间。在一些方面中,抗体允许对神经系统疾病进行检测和/或成像,包括通过放射照相术、断层摄影术或磁共振成像(MRI)进行成像。
在一些方面中,提供用作药物的本发明的低亲和力抗-TfR抗体。在另外的方面中,提供用于治疗神经系统疾病或病症(例如,阿尔茨海默病)而不消耗红细胞(即网织红细胞)的低亲和力抗-TfR抗体。在某些实施方案中,提供用于如本文中描述的治疗方法中的修饰的低亲和力抗-TfR抗体。在某些实施方案中,本发明提供经修饰以提高其安全性的低亲和力抗-TfR抗体,其用于治疗患有神经系统疾病或病症的个体的方法中,所述方法包括向个体施用有效量的抗-TfR抗体(任选地与神经系统疾病药物偶联)。在一个这样的实施方案中,方法还包括向个体施用有效量的至少一种另外的治疗剂。在另外的实施方案中,本发明提供经修饰以提高其安全性的抗-TfR抗体,其用于在处于神经系统疾病或病症(例如,阿尔茨海默病)的风险中或患有所述疾病或病症的患者中减少或抑制淀粉状蛋白斑块形成。根据任何以上实施方案所述的“个体”任选地是人。在特定方面中,用于本发明方法中的本发明的抗-TfR抗体提高与其偶联的神经系统疾病药物的摄取。
在另一个方面中,本发明提供本发明的低亲和力抗-TfR抗体在生产或制备药物中的用途。在一些实施方案中,所述药物是用于治疗神经系统疾病或病症。在另一个实施方案中,所述药物是用于治疗神经系统疾病或病症的方法中,所述方法包括向患有神经系统疾病或病症的个体施用有效量的所述药物。在一个这样的实施方案中,所述方法还包括向个体施用有效量的至少一种另外的治疗剂。
在另一个方面中,本发明提供治疗阿尔茨海默病的方法。在一些实施方案中,所述方法包括向患有阿尔茨海默病的个体施用有效量的、结合BACE1和TfR两者或Aβ和TfR两者的本发明的多特异性抗体。在一个这样的实施方案中,所述方法还包括向个体施用有效量的至少一种另外的治疗剂。根据任何以上实施方案所述的“个体”可以是人。
在治疗中,本发明的抗-TfR抗体可以单独使用或与其他药剂组合使用。例如,本发明的抗-TfR抗体可以与至少一种另外的治疗剂共同施用。在某些实施方案中,另外的治疗剂是这样的治疗剂,其有效地治疗与采用所述抗-TfR抗体所治疗的神经系统疾病相同或不同的神经系统疾病。示例性的另外的治疗剂包括但不限于:以上所述的多种神经学药物,胆碱酯酶抑制剂(如多奈哌齐,加兰他敏,利斯的明和他克林),NMDA受体拮抗剂(如美金刚),淀粉样蛋白β肽聚集抑制剂,抗氧化剂,γ-分泌酶调节物,神经生长因子(NGF)模拟物或NGF基因疗法,PPARγ激动剂,HMS-CoA还原酶抑制剂(他汀类),安帕金(ampakines),钙通道阻断剂,GABA受体拮抗剂,糖原合成酶激酶抑制剂,静脉内免疫球蛋白,毒蕈碱(muscarinic)受体激动剂,烟碱(nicrotinic)受体调节物,主动或被动淀粉样蛋白β肽免疫,磷酸二酯酶抑制剂,五羟色胺受体拮抗剂和抗-淀粉样蛋白β肽抗体。在某些实施方案中,因其减轻神经学药物的一种或多种副作用的能力而选择至少一种另外的治疗剂。
如在本文中例示出的,某些抗-TfR抗体可能会具有不利地影响用抗-TfR抗体治疗的受试者中网织红细胞群的副作用。因此,在某些实施方案中,因其减轻对网织红细胞群的这种不利的副作用而选择的至少一种另外的治疗剂与本发明的抗-TfR抗体共同施用。此类治疗剂的实例包括,但不限于,增加红细胞(即网织红细胞)群的试剂,支持红细胞(即网织红细胞)的生长和发育的试剂,以及保护红细胞群免于抗-TfR抗体影响的试剂;此类试剂包括,但不限于,促红细胞生成素(EPO)、铁补充物、维生素C、叶酸、和维生素B12,以及红细胞(即网织红细胞)的物理替代,其通过例如用可以来自具有相似血型的另一个体或可以之前已经从被施用抗-TfR抗体的受试者中提取的相似细胞输血而进行。本领域普通技术人员将理解,在一些实例中,在抗-TfR抗体治疗之前或与其同时优选向受试者施用旨在保护现有红细胞(即网织红细胞)的试剂,而与抗-TfR抗体治疗同时或在其之后优选施用旨在支持或起始红细胞或血细胞群(即网织红细胞或网织红细胞群)的再生长/发育的试剂,以使得可以在抗-TfR抗体治疗之后补充此类血细胞。
在某些其他的这样的实施方案中,因其抑制或防止在施用抗-TfR抗体时补体通路的活化的能力而选择至少一种另外的治疗剂。此类治疗剂的实例包括,但不限于,干扰抗-TfR抗体结合或活化补体通路的能力的试剂以及抑制补体通路内一种或多种分子相互作用的试剂,并且通常描述于Mollnes和Kirschfink(2006)Molec.Immunol.43:107-121中,其内容通过引用清楚地结合在本文中。
这样的以上和本文所述的组合疗法包括组合给药(其中两种以上治疗剂被包含在相同或分开的制剂中),和分别给药,在所述情形中,本发明抗体的给药可以发生在另外的治疗剂和/或佐剂的给药之前、同时和/或之后。在一些实施方案中,抗-TfR抗体的给药和另外的治疗剂的给药彼此在约一个月内、或在约一周、两周或三周内、或在约一天、两天、三天、四天、五天或六天内发生。本发明的抗体也可以与其他介入疗法组合使用,介入疗法诸如,但不限于,放射疗法,行为疗法,或本领域中已知的且对于待治疗或预防的神经系统疾病来说是合适的其他疗法。
本发明的抗-TfR抗体(以及任何另外的治疗剂)可以通过任何合适的方法给药,包括肠胃外给药,肺内给药和鼻内给药,并且,如果需要局部治疗,进行病灶内给药。肠胃外输注包括肌肉内、静脉内、动脉内、腹膜内或皮下给药。在一定程度上根据用药是短期还是长期而定,可通过任何适合途径,例如通过注射,如静脉内或皮下注射用药。本文中涵盖各种剂量给药方案,包括,但不限于,单次给药或在多个时间点多次给药、推注给药及脉冲输注。
本发明的抗体以与良好医疗实践相一致的方式配制、剂量给药和施用。在这方面考虑的因素包括待治疗的具体病症、待治疗的具体哺乳动物、个体患者的临床状态、病症的原因、递送试剂的位点、给药方法、给药时间安排、和医疗从业者已知的其他因素。所述抗体不需要,而是任选地,与目前用于预防或治疗所讨论病症或者用于预防、减轻或改善抗体施用的一种或多种副作用的一种或多种药剂一起配制。所述其他药剂的有效量取决于制剂中存在的抗体的量、病症或治疗的类型、和以上讨论的其他因素。这些一般以相同剂量,并使用如本文中所述的给药途径,或以本文中所述的剂量的约1-99%,或以通过经验/临床确定为合适的任意剂量和任何途径来使用。
为了预防或治疗疾病,本发明的抗体的合适剂量(当单独或与一种或多种其他另外的治疗剂组合使用时)将取决于待治疗疾病的类型、抗体的类型、疾病的严重性和进程、所述抗体是以预防目的施用还是以治疗目的施用、以前的治疗、患者的临床病史和对所述抗体的应答和主治医师的判断力。所述抗体以一次治疗或经过一系列治疗合适地施用于患者。根据疾病的类型和严重性,约1μg/kg-15mg/kg(例如0.1mg/kg-10mg/kg)的抗体可以是用于向患者施用的最初候选剂量,例如,无论是通过一次或多次分别施药还是通过连续输注。一个典型的日剂量可以在约1μg/kg-100mg/kg或更多的范围内,其取决于上文提及的因素。为了重复施用数日或更长,根据病症,通常将持续治疗直至出现理想的疾病症状抑制。所述抗体的一个示范性剂量应该在约0.05mg/kg-约40mg/kg范围内。因此,约0.5mg/kg,2.0mg/kg,4.0mg/kg,5.0mg/kg,7.5mg/kg,10mg/kg,15mg/kg,20mg/kg,25mg/kg,30mg/kg,35mg/kg或40mg/kg(或其任意组合)的一个或多个剂量可以施用于患者。这样的剂量可以间隔地,例如每周或每三周施用(例如以使得患者接受约2-约20个或例如约6个剂量的所述抗体)。可以施用最初较高的负荷剂量,接着是一个或多个较低的剂量。然而,其它治疗方案可以是有用的。应该理解的是,通过施用抗-TfR抗体来减少对网织红细胞群的影响的一种方法是改变用药的量或时间,以使得在血流中存在总体较低量的循环抗体与网织红细胞相互作用。在一个非限制性实例中,与较高剂量的频率相比,较低剂量的抗-TfR抗体可以以更高的频率施用。所使用的剂量可以在下列各项之间平衡:需要递送至CNS的抗体的量(本身与抗体的CNS抗原特异性部分的亲和力有关),该抗体对TfR的亲和力,以及保护红细胞(即网织红细胞)、刺激生长和发育、或抑制补体通路的一种或多种化合物是否与抗体共同施用或连续施用。如在本文中所描述的和如在本领域中已知的,可以通过常规技术和测定容易地监测这种疗法的进展。
应该理解,任何以上制剂或治疗方法可以使用本发明的免疫缀合物进行以代替抗-TfR抗体或作为抗-TfR抗体的补充。
H.制品
在本发明的另一方面中,提供一种制品,所述制品包含可用于治疗、预防和/或诊断上述病症的材料。该制品包括容器和在容器上或与容器一起的标签或包装插页。适合的容器包括,例如,瓶子、小瓶、注射器、IV溶液包等。所述容器可以由各种材料诸如玻璃或塑料制成。容器装有组合物,所述组合物是单独地或与可有效用于治疗、预防和/或诊断所述病症的另一种组合物组合,并且可以具有无菌的存取口(例如,所述容器可以是具有可被皮下注射针刺穿的塞子的静脉输注液袋或小瓶)。组合物中至少一种活性试剂是本发明的抗体。标签或包装插页标明该组合物是用于治疗选择的病症。此外,所述制品可以包含:(a)其中包含组合物的第一容器,其中所述组合物包含本发明的抗体;和(b)其中包含组合物的第二容器,其中所述组合物包含另一种细胞毒性剂或其他的治疗剂。本发明的该实施方案中的制品还可以包括包装插页,所述包装插页指明所述组合物可以用于治疗特定病症。备选地,或另外地,所述制品还可以包括第二(或第三)容器,所述第二(或第三)容器包含药用缓冲剂,如抑菌注射用水(BWFI),磷酸盐缓冲盐水,林格氏液(Ringer’s solution)和葡萄糖溶液。从商业和用户立场,它还可以包括所需的其他材料,包括其他缓冲剂、稀释剂、滤器、针头和注射器。
应该理解,任何以上制品可以包括本发明的免疫缀合物以代替抗-TfR抗体或作为抗-TfR抗体的补充。
实施例
实施例1:人/食蟹猴交叉反应性抗-TFR抗体的产生、表征和人源化
开始,进行首次用于实验的抗体噬菌体淘选过程,以尝试鉴定与人TfR和来自食蟹猴(“cyno”)的TfR都交叉反应、还不与Tf竞争与TfR结合的抗体(Lee等人,JMB(2004)1073-1093)。由该噬菌体淘选过程没有鉴定出这样的交叉反应性、非-Tf-竞争性克隆。然而,鉴定了两种可用于表征后来产生的杂交瘤克隆的抗体。
鉴定了与Tf竞争与人或食蟹猴TfR的结合的物种交叉反应性抗体(Tf-竞争性抗体)。使用小鼠/人嵌合TfR受体将另一个克隆对人TfR特异性的表位绘制在huTfR的顶端结构域(图1)。当将所述顶端结构域中的小鼠TfR序列置换为huTfR时,该顶端结构域结合克隆失去与huTfR的结合。
然后,进行基于免疫的方法,以产生交叉反应性抗-人/食蟹猴TfR抗体。表达包含N端His标签的人TfR胞外结构域(“ecd”)和人血色素沉着蛋白(“HFE”)并纯化,如(Bennet等人,Nature(2000)403,46-53)所述。还制备类似的食蟹猴TfR ecd构建体。以相似的方式表达并纯化食蟹猴TfR。通过以包含2μg的食蟹猴TfR和huTfR ecd中的每一种的6次剂量(每周两次)免疫5只Balb/C小鼠的足垫而产生人和食蟹猴交叉反应性TfR抗体。所有小鼠的血清是FACS阳性的,并且将所有小鼠合并。筛选1632株杂交瘤,其中111株对于与人和食蟹猴TfR的结合是ELISA阳性的。
在存在1μM人全-Tf的条件下,通过FACS筛选得到的ELISA-阳性杂交瘤与瞬时表达人或食蟹猴TfR的293细胞的结合。简言之,使用在FACS分析之前48-72小时用lipofectamin2000 plus(Invitrogen)转染全长人或食蟹猴TfR的293细胞进行FACS分析。将未转染的(对照)和转染的293细胞用FACS缓冲液(包含1%BSA的PBS)洗涤两次,在存在1μM人全-Tf的条件下,将50μl杂交瘤上清(标准化为10μg/ml)加入到293细胞中,并且在冰上温育30分钟。将细胞用FACS缓冲液洗涤两次,向细胞中加入50μl PE-山羊-抗-鼠Fcγ(JacksonImmunoResearch),并且将它们在冰上温育30分钟。将细胞用FACS缓冲液洗涤,并且重悬在100μlFACS缓冲液中进行分析。
有14个克隆对于结合人和食蟹猴TfR二者是阳性的(图2A和2B)。进一步亚克隆这些克隆,并且通过ELISA评价与人和食蟹猴TfR二者的结合,并用上述鉴定的顶端结合噬菌体克隆将表位绘制到huTfR上。简言之,在用2μg/ml纯化的人或食蟹猴TfR(在PBS中)在4℃包被过夜的maxisorp平板中进行顶端结构域噬菌体竞争ELISA。将平板用PBS/0.05%Tween20洗涤,并且用具有酪蛋白的Superblock(Thermo Scientific,Hudson,NH)封闭。将30μl杂交瘤上清等分试样(标准化至10μg/ml)加入到每个孔中持续45分钟。然后加入30μl OD0.05的顶端结构域-结合噬菌体持续15分钟。将平板用PBS/0.05%Tween 20洗涤,并且向平板中加入1∶1000稀释的HRP-小鼠-抗M13(GE healthcare)并在室温温育1小时。将平板用PBS/0.05%Tween 20洗涤,并且用TMB底物(BioFX Laboratories,Owings Mills)检测结合的噬菌体。发现这十四个克隆中有九个阻断在噬菌体上展示的顶端结合抗体的结合(参见图2C)。
利用表面等离子体共振(“SPR”)(BiacoreTM,GE Healthcare)测量抗体亲和力。将抗-His抗体(Qiagen)以6000-8000RU偶联到BIACORETM CM5传感器芯片(Biacore,Inc.,Piscataway,NJ)的四个不同的流动池中。使用供应商提供的流程,通过经由氨基基团的随机偶联获得固定。将10XHBS-P(Biacore,Inc.,Piscataway,NJ)稀释在水中,并且作为稀释液和运行缓冲液。捕获纯化的人或食蟹猴TfR,然后是3倍稀释系列的IgG或Fab,其用单循环动力学方法以30ml/min的流速注入。使用简单的1∶1朗格缪尔结合建模或当kon或koff超出检测界限时使用稳定状态模型确定亲和力常数。以缔合速率常数(kon)与解离速率常数(koff)的比率计算平衡解离常数(KD)。结果显示在图2C中。
克隆每个杂交瘤。使用RNeasy迷你试剂盒(Qiagen)从杂交瘤分离总RNA。使用SMART 5’RACE cDNA扩增试剂盒(Clontech)根据供应商的使用说明产生cDNA。使用试剂盒中提供的UPM(5’oligo)和与恒定区退火的3’oligo扩增每种抗体的可变区。然后将完整的PCR产物克隆到pCR4Blunt-TOPO载体(Invitrogen)中进行测序。序列分析后,可以将杂交瘤细分成4组(图3A-3D)。与顶端结合抗体竞争的克隆落入3个相关的种类中(图3A-C)。4个非顶端克隆(图3D)由2个相关的克隆和2个其他独特的序列组成。每个克隆的轻链和重链CDR提供在表3中。
本文中以每个种类代表性的克隆(15G11,7A4,16F6和7G7)为例进行人源化和进一步的表征。使用HVR移接以及包括下文和图4A-4E所示的微调位置(vernier positions)实现人源化。通过将HVR移接到IGKV1-NL1*01和IGHV1-3*01人可变结构域而将15G11人源化。在人源化变体中包含不同小鼠微调位置的组合,如图4E所示。人源化的15G11变体15G11.v5包含VL(位置43和48)和VH(位置48,67,69,71和73)中的所选的微调位置,如图4A所示。另外,VH的N末端由Q变成E。为了将7A4人源化,使用7A4重链和8A2轻链HVR(7A4和8A2是相关的克隆,图3A)进行HVR移接。将HVR移接成IGKV4-1*01和IGHV1-2*02人可变结构域。在人源化变体中包含不同小鼠微调位置的组合,如图4E所示。人源化的7A4变体7A4.v15包含VL(位置68)和VH(位置24和71)中所选的微调位置以及CDR-L3变化G94A,如图4B所示。通过将HVR移接成κ4和亚组I人共有可变结构域以及VH中所选的微调位置(位置93)而将7G7人源化,如图4C所示。这一人源化的变体称为7G7.v1。通过将HVR移接成IGKV1-9*01和IGHV4-59*01人可变结构域而将16F6人源化。在人源化变体中包含不同小鼠微调位置的组合,如图4E所示。人源化的16F6变体16F6.v4包含VL中的2个变化(I48L和F71Y)以及VL(位置43和44)和VH(位置71和78)中所选的微调位置,如图4D所示。
通过SPR确定作为IgG的人源化变体针对人和食蟹猴TfR的亲和力(图4E)。还通过SPR分析作为Fab的所选的克隆,以评价单价亲和力(表7)。在这两种情形中,SPR实验按上文所述进行。
表5:关于所选的Fab-格式的变体的Biacore结合数据
按下述重新验证抗体的结合表位。在用2μg/ml纯化的人TfR(在PBS中)在4℃包被过夜的maxisorp平板中进行Tf-TfR阻断ELISA。将平板用PBS/0.05%Tween 20洗涤,并且用在PBS中的Superblock封闭缓冲液(Thermo Scientific,Hudson,NH)封闭。向平板中加入50μl 12.5μM人全-Tf(R&D Systems,Minneapolis,MN)持续40分钟。向平板中加入hu7A4.v15、hu15G11.v5、Tf竞争抗体和hu7G7.v1的50μl滴定液(以10ug/ml开始,1∶3连续稀释),并且温育20分钟。将平板用PBS/0.05%Tween 20洗涤,并且向平板中加入1∶1000稀释的HRP-山羊-抗人Fcγ(Jackson ImmunoResearch),并且在室温温育1小时。将平板用PBS/0.05%Tween 20洗涤,并且用TMB底物(BioFX Laboratories,Owings Mills)检测。
在用1μg/ml HFE(在PBS中)在4℃包被过夜的maxisorp平板中进行HFE-TfR结合ELISA。将平板用PBS/0.05%Tween 20洗涤,并且用在PBS中的Superblock封闭缓冲液(Thermo Scientific,Hudson,NH)封闭。向平板中加入人TfR的滴定液(以100ug/ml开始,1∶3连续稀释),并且温育1小时。然后向平板中加入1μg/ml的hu15G11.v5、hu7A4.v15或hu7G7.vl持续1小时。将平板用PBS/0.05%Tween 20洗涤,然后向平板中加入1∶1000稀释的HRP-山羊-抗人Fcγ(Jackson ImmunoResearch),并且在室温温育1小时。将平板用PBS/0.05%Tween 20洗涤,并用TMB底物(BioFX Laboratories,Owings Mills)检测。在用1μg/ml HFE(在PBS中)在4℃包被过夜的maxisorp平板中进行HFE-TfR阻断ELISA。将平板用PBS/0.05%Tween 20洗涤,并且用在PBS中的Superblock封闭缓冲液(Thermo Scientific,Hudson,NH)封闭。在NUNCTM平板中,将hu7A4.v15、hul5G11.v5、Tf竞争抗体、人全-Tf和对照IgG(对于所有抗体均为400μg,对于全运铁蛋白为8000μg/ml,1∶3连续稀释)的滴定液与2μg/ml生物素酰化的人TfR组合,并且温育1小时。然后,将所述混合物加入到HFE包被的平板中,在室温持续1小时。将平板用PBS/0.05%Tween 20洗涤,并且向平板中加入1∶1000稀释的HRP-链霉抗生物素蛋白(SouthernBiotech,Birmingham),并在室温温育1小时。将平板用PBS/0.05%Tween 20洗涤,并用TMB底物(BioFX Laboratories,Owings Mills)检测与所述平板结合的生物素酰化的人TfR。
这些人源化的变体与TfR的结合不受6.3μM全-Tf的存在的影响,而与TfR上的Tf结合位点结合的Tf竞争抗体的结合受到抑制(图5)。此外,人源化的7A4.v15、15G11.v5和7G7.v1仍然能够结合HFE捕获的huTfR,这表明它们不影响huTfR与固定的HFE的结合(图6A)。在相关的实验中,7A4.v15和15G11.v5不阻断生物素酰化的TfR与固定的HFE的结合。与之相反,这种相互作用被Tf竞争抗体和全Tf阻断(图6B)。已知HFE和Tf共有在TfR上的相似的表位(Bennet等人,Nature(2000)403,46-53)。
评价固定的15G11v.5和抗-TfRC12与生物素酰化的人TfR ECD或展示人TfR顶端结构域的单价M13噬菌体的结合。抗-TfRC12来源于合成的噬菌体文库,其是针对人TfR ECD淘选出来的,并且与运铁蛋白结合竞争结合人TfR上的位点。将抗体以1μg/ml(在PBS中)包被在Maxisorp平板上。分别用HRP-链霉抗生物素蛋白(GE health care,RPN 4401V)或HRP-抗-M13(GE health care,27-9421-01)检测结合的生物素酰化的人TfRECD或TfR-顶端结构域噬菌体。图25显示15G11v.5结合人TfR顶端结构域。将15G11v.5结合位点绘制在顶端结构域,是一个远离TfR配体结合位点的位点。
实施例2:亲和力改造人/食蟹猴交叉反应性抗-TFR抗体
除了上文所述的人源化的变体之外,制备了另外的亲和力改造的变体。本文示例的是15G11.v5和7A4.v15的亲和力改造。通过使用标准技术在CDR-L3或CDR-H3中进行单个丙氨酸置换而产生亲和力变体。通过ELISA和SPR筛选这些作为IgG的变体,以鉴定对与人和食蟹猴TfR的结合而言是重要的位置;还确定所选的作为Fab的变体的单价亲和力。在293细胞中表达Ala扫描变体IgG或Fab,并且在用1.8μg/ml山羊抗-人Fcγ(JacksonImmunoResearch)(在PBS中)在4℃包被过夜的maxisorp平板中通过ELISA定量与人或食蟹猴TfR的结合。将平板用PBS/0.05%Tween 20洗涤,并用在PBS中的Superblock封闭缓冲液(Thermo Scientific,Hudson,NH)封闭。将包含表达的IgG的上清1∶5连续稀释,并且加入到平板中持续1小时。纯化的hu15G11.v5或hu7A4.v15用作标准物(以1ug/ml开始1∶5稀释)。将平板用PBS/0.05%Tween 20洗涤,并向平板中加入1∶1000稀释的HRP-山羊-抗κ(SouthernBiotech),并且在室温温育1小时。将平板用PBS/0.05%Tween 20洗涤,并且用TMB底物(BioFX Laboratories,Owings Mills)检测。还通过SPR测定结合,如上文所述。结果显示在图7A(15G11.v5变体)和7B(7A4.v15变体)中。
还产生了在CDR-L1、CDR-L2、CDR-H1和CDR-H2中的位置处具有单个丙氨酸置换的15G11.v5的其他变体,进行表达,并且首先通过ELISA筛选与人和食蟹猴TfR的结合(表6)。在用2μg/ml纯化的人或食蟹猴TfR(在PBS中)在4℃包被过夜的maxisorp平板中进行Hu/Cy结合ELISA。将平板用PBS/0.05%Tween 20洗涤,并且用在PBS中的Superblock封闭缓冲液(Thermo Scientific,Hudson,NH)封闭。将包含表达的Ala扫描变体IgG的细胞培养液上清1∶5连续稀释,并且加入到孔中持续1小时。将平板用PBS/0.05%Tween 20洗涤,并且向平板中加入1∶1000稀释的HRP-山羊-抗人Fcγ(Jackson ImmunoResearch),并在室温温育1小时。将平板用PBS/0.05%Tween 20洗涤,并用TMB底物(BioFX Laboratories,OwingsMills)检测。
表6:hu15G11.v5IgG Ala变体的ELISA分析
然后,纯化所选的变体,并且通过SPR测定其针对人或食蟹猴TfR的单价亲和力(表7)。
表7:所选的15G11.v5Fab丙氨酸变体的单价SPR分析
实施例3:双特异性抗-人TfR抗体构建和体外分析
将某些前述抗体变体重新格式成双特异性抗体,所述双特异性抗体具有特异性结合BACE1的第二臂。使用‘凸起在孔洞中’双特异性抗体构建技术(Carter,P.(2001)J.Immunol.Methods 248,7-15;Ridgway,J.B.,Presta,L.G.,和Carter,P.(1996)ProteinEng.9,617-621;Merchant,A.M.,Zhu,Z.,Yuan,J.Q.,Goddard,A.,Adams,C.W.,Presta,L.G.,和Carter,P.(1998)Nat.Biotechnol.16,677-681;Atwell,S.,Ridgway,J.B.,Wells,J.A.,和Carter,P.(1997)J.Mol.Biol.270,26-35),将抗-人TfR抗体Hu15G11.v5、Hu15G11.LC92A、Hu15G11.HC52A和Hu15G11.HC53A用于改造双特异性(抗体)的TfR结合臂。对于抗-TfR(孔洞)和抗-BACE1(凸起),除了在Fc中的凸起和孔洞突变之外,所有的半抗体在Fc区中包含消除效应子功能的突变(N297G),并且Hu15G11.v5和Hu15G11.LC92A包含消除效应子功能的另外的Fc突变(D265A)。从大肠杆菌中分别纯化凸起和孔洞半-抗体,并且以1∶1.1的抗-TfR比率组合,以防止形成抗-TfR同型二聚体。通过在包含以与抗体100x比率存在的还原的谷胱甘肽和200mM精氨酸的缓冲液(pH 8.0)中在室温还原性退火至少三天而完成双特异性抗体的组装。组装后,通过疏水性相互作用层析纯化双特异性抗体。通过液相层析质谱法和SDS-PAGE证实组装。通过尺寸排阻和多角度激光光谱法证实纯化的抗体是均相的和单分散的。
得到的双特异性抗体称为15G11.v5(抗-TfR1)、15G11.W92A(15G11.LC92A或抗-TfR2)、Hu15G11.N52A(抗-TfR52A)和Hu1 5G11.T53A(抗-TfR53A)。如上文所述,通过SPR确定115G11.v5和115G11.W92A针对人和食蟹猴TfR的单价亲和力和动力学(见表9)。抗-TfR1和抗-TfR2具有与抗-TfRA和抗-TfRD结合小鼠TfR相似的单价结合亲和力(参见Atwal等人,Sci.Transl.Med.3,84ra43(2011);Yu等人,Sci.Transl.Med.2011年5月25日:Vol.3,Issue84,第84ra44页)。
表8:15G11.v5(TfR1)和15G11.W92A(LC92A,TfR2)的单价SPR分析
另外,如之前所述,通过SPR测量抗-TfR1、抗-TfR2、Hu15G11.N52A和Hu15G11.T53A双特异性抗体针对人和食蟹猴TfR的结合亲和力。如在下表9中所示,抗-TfR52A和抗-TfR53A具有的针对人和食蟹猴TfR的结合亲和力介于TfR1h15G11v5和TfR2LC92A之间。
表9
实施例4:含有效应子和无效应子的单特异性和双特异性抗体对人红白血病细胞系和原代骨髓单核细胞的影响
之前在小鼠中的研究已经确定具有效应子功能和/或补体结合能力的结合鼠TfR的抗体选择性消耗表达TfR的网织红细胞。为了确定在小鼠研究中观察到的消耗是否是鼠系统特有的,使用与人TfR结合的抗-TfR进行进一步的实验。
使用来自健康人献血者的外周血单核细胞(PBMC)作为效应子细胞进行ADCC测定。人红白血病细胞系(HEL,ATCC)和原代人骨髓单核细胞(AllCells,Inc.)用作靶细胞。为了使可能是由FcγRIIIA中残基158位置处的同种异型(allotypic)差异潜在引起捐献者间变异性最小化,在第一组实验(图8A-B)中,将献血者限制为携带杂合RcγRIIIA基因型(F/V158)的那些。对于第二组实验(图9A-B),仅使用HEL细胞作为靶细胞,PBMC来自携带F/V158基因型或FcγRIIIA V/V158基因型的健康人献血者。由于与增加的NK细胞-介导的ADCC活性的已知的相关性以及结合IgG4抗体的能力(Bowles和Weiner,2005;Bruhns等人2008),在本测定中还包括V/V158基因型。对细胞计数,并且通过(Beckman Coulter;Fullerton,CA)按照供应商的使用说明确定存活性。
使用Uni-SepTM血液分离管(Accurate Chemical&Scientific Corp.;Westbury,NY)通过密度梯度离心分离PBMC。将在50μL测定培养基(RPMI-1640,具有1%BSA和100单位/mL青霉素和链霉素)中的靶细胞以4x 104个/孔接种在96孔圆底平板中。向包含靶细胞的平板中加入测试和对照抗体的连续稀释液(50μL/孔),然后在37℃、5%CO2温育30分钟,以允许调理(opsonization)。抗体的终浓度在0.0051-10,000ng/mL范围内,按照5倍的连续稀释,总共10个数据点。温育后,向每个孔中加入在100μL测定培养基中的1.0x 106个PBMC效应子细胞,以产生25∶1的效应子:靶细胞比例,并且将平板再温育4小时。在温育结束时将平板离心,并且使用细胞毒性检测试剂盒TM(Roche Applied Scinece;Indianapolis,IN)检测上清的乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)活性。将LDH反应混合物加入到上清中,并且将平板以恒速摇动在室温温育15分钟。用1M H3PO4终止反应,并且使用SpectraMax Plus微量平板读数仪在490nm测量吸光度(对每个孔减去在650nm测量的背景)。仅包含靶细胞的孔的吸光度作为关于背景的对照(低对照),而包含用Triton-X100裂解的靶细胞的孔提供可获得的信号最大值(高对照)。在包含靶细胞和效应子细胞而没有加入抗体的孔中测量不依赖抗体的细胞性细胞毒性(AICC)。按下述计算特异性ADCC的程度:
将样品稀释液的ADCC针对抗体浓度绘图,并且使用SoftMax Pro将剂量-响应曲线针对四参数模型进行拟合。
在第一组实验中,使用人红白血病细胞系(HEL细胞)或原代人骨髓单核细胞作为靶细胞来评估多种抗-人TfR构建体的ADCC活性。在ADCC测定中,使用抗-gD WT IgG1作为阴性对照,鼠抗-人HLA(种类I)作为阳性对照,以不同的浓度检测具有二价IgG1效应子功能的抗-人TfR1抗体15G11,和该抗体的双特异性形式,所述双特异性形式具有包含D265A和N297G突变的人IgG1形式的抗-BACE1臂,从而消除效应子功能(参见实施例3)。结果显示在图8A和8B中。使用HEL细胞作为靶标(图8A)或骨髓单核细胞作为靶标(图8B),所述单特异性、效应子阳性的抗-人TfR抗体15G11引发显著的ADCC活性。该活性与阳性对照抗-人HLA抗体对HEL细胞的活性相似,并且相对于阳性对照对骨髓单核细胞的活性,活性处于稳健的但较低的水平。在骨髓单核细胞实验中观察到的略低的水平可能是由于这样的事实:实验中所用的骨髓和红细胞谱系PBMC细胞的异质混合物仅有一部分表达高水平的TfR,而HEL细胞在整个克隆细胞群中具有持续高的TfR表达。与此形成鲜明的对比,双特异性的无效应子抗-人TfR/BACE1抗体在HEL或骨髓单核细胞中都没有表现出任何ADCC活性,这与阴性对照相似。
在第二组实验中,测定该测定系统中转换抗体同种型的影响。ADCC测定步骤与上文所述的相同,不同之处在于所有的靶细胞都是HEL细胞,并且效应子细胞是来自携带杂合FcγRIIIa-V/F158基因型或纯合FcγRIIIa-V/V158基因型的健康人献血者的PBMC。所有检测的抗-人TfR是双特异性的,在三个不同的Ig骨架上具有抗-gD:野生型人IgG1,具有N297G突变的人IgG1,和人IgG4。还检测了具有人IgG4骨架的抗-Aβ抗体,并且小鼠抗-人HLA(种类I)作为阳性对照。结果显示在图9A和9B中。如基于效应子细胞活化与V/V158基因型之间的相关性所预测的(Bowles和Weiner 2005),相对于F/V158献血者(影响~25%的靶细胞),V/V158献血者的PBMC更稳健地引发ADCC活性(影响~45%的靶细胞)(比较图9A与图9B)。具有野生型IgG1的抗-TfR/gD在HEL细胞中诱导稳健的ADCC,而不具有效应子IgG1的抗-TfR/gD在HEL细胞中没有表现出任何ADCC活性,这重复了第一组实验的结果。显著地,以100ng/mL或更高的浓度,IgG4同种型的抗-TfR/gD表现出轻微的ADCC活性。在抗-AβIgG4结果中没有观察到这一活性,这表明ADCC活性需要TfR结合。这一发现与之前关于IgG4具有最小的但是可测量的效应子功能的报道(Adolffson等人,J.Neurosci.32(28):9677-9689(2012);vander Zee等人,Clin Exp.Immunol.64:415-422(1986));Tao等人,J.Exp.Med.173:1025-1028(1991))相关。
实施例5:在体内评估双特异性抗-人TfR/BACE1双特异性抗体
A.药物代谢动力学、药效学和安全性研究
为了在体内评价双特异性抗-人TfR抗体的药物浓度、药效学作用和安全性,使用配对有与前述实施例中所用的相同的抗-BACE1臂的抗-TfR抗体克隆15G11(抗-TfR1/BACE1)或配对有与前述实施例中所用的相同的抗-BACE1臂的克隆15G11.LC92A(抗-TfR2/BACE1)、或Hu15G11.N52A(抗-TfR52A/BACE1)和Hu15G11.T53A(抗-TfR53A/BACE1)用双特异性抗体对食蟹猴(Macaca fascicularis)进行给药。这些双特异性抗体是人IgG1格式,具有消除效应子功能的N297G或D265A和N297G突变,如之前所述。作为对照,使用人IgG1上的抗-gD分子。由于这些抗-TfR抗体的交叉反应性限于非人灵长类和人,因此,本研究在非人灵长类中进行。另外,研究已经表明,在人与灵长类之间,在脑脊液(CSF)与血浆区室之间的药物转运机制可能是相似的(Poplack等人,1977)。使用枕大池留置导管将抗体通过单次静脉内(IV)推注注射以30mg/kg的剂量施用到有意识的食蟹猴隐静脉中。在给药后多至60天的不同时间点,取样血浆、血清和(CSF)。样品分析包括血液学(全血)、临床化学(血清)、抗体浓度(血清和CSF)和对所述抗体的药效学响应(血浆和CSF)。关于详细的取样方案参见图10。
使用绵羊抗-人IgG猴吸附抗体涂层,然后加入以1∶100稀释开始的血清样品,并且通过加入用于检测的缀合到猴吸附的辣根过氧化物酶上的山羊抗-人IgG抗体完成,用ELISA测量给药的抗体在食蟹猴血清和CSF中的浓度。测定具有0.78-50ng/mL的标准曲线范围和0.08μg/mL的检测界限。低于该检测界限的结果报道为小于可报告的结果(LTR)。
图11A-B显示抗-TfR1/BACE1和抗-TfR2/BACE1的药物代谢动力学分析的结果。预测抗-gD的药物代谢动力学模式是关于食蟹猴中的典型的人IgG1抗体,平均清除率为3.98mL/天/kg。可能是由于周围靶标-介导的清除,两种抗-TfR/BACE1抗体的清除比抗-gD更快速。抗-TfR1/BACE1具有最快的清除率,这与其具有最高的针对TfR的结合亲和力一致,而与抗-TfR1/BACE1相比,抗-TfR2/BACE1表现出改善的药物代谢动力学模式(即,血清中延长的暴露),这可能是由于其减少的针对TfR的亲和力导致。抗-TfR1/BACE1和抗-TfR2/BACE1的清除率分别为18.9mL/天/kg和8.14mL/天/kg。所有抗体在CSF中以血清浓度的一千分之一的浓度进行检测。然而,在分子之间的CSF抗体浓度中存在高度可变性,和整体上没有可检测到的差异。
表10:在食蟹猴(n=5)中以30mg/kg单次IV推注剂量施用后对所有测试抗体的平均(±SD)PK参数估计
SD=标准偏差;IV=静脉内;AUCall=从时时刻0到最后可测量的浓度的时刻的浓度-时间曲线下面积;AUCinf=外推至无穷大的浓度-时间曲线下面积;Cmax=观察到的最大血清浓度;CL=清除率;Vss=稳定状态的分布体积;Min=最小值;Max=最大值。
图19显示关于抗-TfR1/BACE1、抗-TfR52A/BACE1和抗-TfR53A/BACE1的药物代谢动力学分析的结果。可能是由于周围靶标-介导的清除率,所有的抗-TfR/BACE1抗体的清除都比抗-gD更快。抗-TfR1/BACE1具有最快的清除率,这与其具有最高的针对TfR的结合亲和力相一致,而与抗-TfR1/BACE1相比,抗-TfR52A/BACE1和抗-TfR53A/BACE1表现出改善的药物代谢动力学模式(即,血清中延长的暴露),这可能是由于抗-TfR52A/BACE1和抗-TfR53A/BACE1减小的针对TfR的亲和力导致。
为了观察响应抗-TfR/BACE1给药的药效学效果,我们测量食蟹猴血浆和CSF中的Aβ1-40和sAPPα和sAPPβ水平。使用抗-Aβ1-40特异性多克隆抗体涂层,然后加入样品,并且通过加入用于检测的缀合到辣根过氧化物酶上的小鼠抗-人Aβ1-40单克隆抗体完成,用ELISA测量Aβ1-40。该测定具有60pg/mL的血浆检测界限和140pg/mL的CSF检测界限。低于该浓度的结果报道为小于可报告的(LTR)结果。使用sAPPα/sAPPβ多点测定(Mesoscale Discovery(Gaithersburg,MD))确定sAPPα和sAPPβ的CSF浓度。将CSF在冰上解冻,然后1∶10稀释到包含1%BSA的TBS-T(10mM Tris缓冲液,pH 8.0,150mM NaCl,0.1%Tween-20)中。按照供应商的流程进行测定,所述测定具有0.05ng/ml的sAPPα定量值下限和0.03ng/mL的sAPPβ定量值下限。
图12A-E总结了抗体的药效学行为。在周围,在抗-gD施用后,血浆Aβ1-40水平保持不变,但是在抗-TfR/BACE1施用后瞬时降低。两种变体都降低血浆Aβ1-40水平,在给药后1天获得50%的最大抑制。血浆Aβ1-40水平逐渐恢复,其中给予抗-TfR1/BACE1的动物在给药后约14天恢复到基线Aβ1-40水平。在用抗-TfR2/BACE1治疗的动物中,Aβ1-40水平在给药后21-30天恢复到基线水平。两种抗-TfR/BACE1抗体都降低CSF Aβ1-40水平,在给药抗-gD的动物中没有观察到变化。与抗-TfR2/BACE1(平均最大抑制为基线的20%)相比,抗-TfR1/BACE1施用导致更显著的CSF Aβ1-40水平降低(平均最大抑制为基线的50%)。在抗-TfR/BACE1治疗的动物中,sAPPβ的产生被抑制,但是在接受抗-gD的动物中不受抑制。与关于Aβ40的结果相似,抗-TfR1/BACE1具有的对sAPPβ产生的抑制作用比抗-TfR2/BACE1更强。在BACE1抑制过程中,抗-TfR1/BACE1和抗-TfR2/BACE1都刺激sAPPα的产生,并且响应与关于sAPPβ和Aβ1-40观察到的抑制水平负相关。SAPPα和sAPPβ是淀粉样蛋白前体蛋白(APP)的主要加工产物,并且它们的水平是高度相关的。sAPPβ/sAPPα比率使结果针对研究过程中的基底APP表达的潜在变化或CSF收集和处理中潜在的分析前差异标准化。使用抗-TfR1/BACE1的CSF sAPPβ/sAPPα比率表现出比抗-TfR2/BACE1更稳健的PD作用。因此,这些结果支持抗-TfR/BACE1抗体的靶标(即BACE1)结合(engagement)。
抗-TfR52A/BACE1和抗-TfR53A/BACE1的PD反应还与抗体暴露的持续时间有关,并且减少的亲和力TfR臂表现出增加的Aβ40减少(数据未显示)。这些数据还支持这些双特异性抗体对靶标的结合。
总之,这些结果表明,抗-TfR1/BACE1和抗-TfR2/BACE1之间具有针对人TfR的亲和力的双特异性抗-TfR/BACE1抗体可能具有合乎需要的药物代谢动力学/药效学平衡。
在本研究中没有观察到安全性信号。在给药后多至60天,对施用30mg/kg的任意双特异性抗体的猴子的任意血液学或临床化学参数没有明显的影响。重要地,由于这些抗体是效应子-功能削弱的,并且在正常的灵长类中,循环的具有高TfR水平的早期网织红细胞的整体水平非常低(参见实施例4),因此,如预测的,网织红细胞水平不受用抗-TfR1/BACE1或抗-TfR2/BACE1治疗的影响(图13)。
实施例6:在体内评估双特异性抗-人TfR/BACE1双特异性抗体
为了检验CSF中抗体的药效学与脑中的药物代谢动力学之间的关系,将食蟹猴(Macaca fascicularis)用双特异性抗体抗-TfR1/BACE1或抗-TfR2/BACE1给药,如在前述实施例中所述。这些双特异性抗体采用人IgG1格式,具有消除效应子功能的D265A和N297G突变。使用人IgG1上的抗-gD分子作为对照。为了比较,我们还用二价抗-BACE1抗体给药,所述二价抗-BACE1抗体是用于双特异性抗体的相同克隆。使用枕大池留置导管将抗体通过单次静脉内(IV)推注注射以30mg/kg的剂量施用到有意识的食蟹猴隐静脉中。在给药前24和48小时收集基线CSF样品,并且在给药后24小时收集另一份CSF样品(如在图14中所示意的)。在给药后24小时的CSF收集后,对动物灌注盐水,并且收集脑用于抗体浓度分析。将不同的脑部区域在含有完全微小的不含EDTA的蛋白酶抑制剂混合物片剂(Complete Mini EDTA-ffee protease inhibitor cocktail tablets,Roche Diagnostics)的PBS中的1%NP-40(Cal-Biochem)中匀浆。将匀浆的脑样品在4℃旋转1小时,然后以14,000rpm离心20分钟。分离上清用于脑抗体测量,所述测量使用前述实施例中所述的ELISA法。还收集血液以验证周围暴露和药效学响应,其与我们在实施例5中的观察相似。
在CSF中评估的抗-TfR1/BACE1和抗-TfR2/BACE1的药效学效果也与在之前实施例中观察到的相似。图15证明了在用抗-TfR1/BACE1给药后,CSF sAPPβ/sAPPα比率稳健降低。在本研究中,在给药后24小时,抗-TfR2/BACE1没有表现出明显的减少。抗-BACE1也没有表现出作用。脑中抗体浓度的分析揭示对照IgG和抗-BACE1抗体都具有有限的到脑中的摄入,摄入水平恰好在我们的测定的检测(平均~670pM)之上。与对照IgG(平均~2nM)相比抗-TfR2/BACE1具有~3-倍改善的脑摄入,并且抗-TfR1/BACE1具有最佳脑摄入,比对照IgG(平均~10nM)大~15-倍。在我们的研究中,关于不同抗体的脑抗体浓度与在CSF中观察到药效学响应相关,其中抗-TfR1/BACE1具有最佳脑摄入和最稳健的药效学作用,并且抗-TfR2/BACE1具有较少的脑摄入和更中等的作用。
这些结果将我们之前的发现延伸到证明TfR-结合的双特异性抗体改善在非人灵长类脑中的摄入。如在小鼠中一样,在灵长类中,可能存在最好地平衡脑摄取和TfR-介导的清除的针对TfR的最佳亲和力。在我们的实施例中,较高亲和力抗-TfR1/BACE1表现出良好的脑摄入,并且受外周靶标-介导的清除的影响。降低亲和力的TfR2/BACE1具有改善的清除特性,但是似乎具有如此低的TfR结合而不能被TfR有效的转运(主要以相同的方式,US2012/0171120中的最低亲和力抗-TfR抗体TfRE具有一些亲和力阈值,超过该阈值,亲和力太低而不能允许抗体与TfR之间充分的相互作用,以致所述抗体将在TfR开始易位过程时保持与TfR缔合)。从本实验的结果来看,预测与抗-TfR1/BACE1或抗-TfR2/BACE1相比,具有介于TfR1和TfR2之间的针对TfR的亲和力的抗-人/食蟹猴TfR/BACE1双特异性抗体在该系统中具有改善的摄入和清除特性。
实施例7:在双特异性运铁蛋白受体抗体的情形中产生另外的无效应子突变
检测Fc区中除N297G和D265A之外的消除效应子功能的其他突变的减少或防止表达TfR的网织红细胞的消耗的能力。具体地,在抗-TfRD/BACE1抗体(其在国际申请公布号WO2013/177062中记载,并且该国际申请公布通过引用完全结合在本文中)中结合美国申请公布号2012/0251531(其通过引用结合在本文中)中记载的Fc突变L234A、L235A和P329G(“LALAPG”)。
按下述进行小鼠中单次抗体施用后的药物代谢动力学分析和网织红细胞计数。所有研究使用6-8周龄的野生型C57B/6雌鼠。动物护理按照制度指导进行。小鼠以单次50mg/kg剂量的具有LALAPG突变的抗-gD抗体(鼠IgG2a)、具有LALAPG突变的抗-TfRD/BACE1抗体(大鼠/鼠嵌合体)静脉内给药。注射总体积不超过250μL,并且在需要时,将抗体稀释到D-PBS(Invitrogen)中。在24小时后,在灌注之前将全血采集在EDTA微量采血管(BDDiagnostics)中,允许在室温静置30分钟,并且以5000x g离心10分钟。将血浆的顶层转移到新管中以进行抗体测量。
使用抗-小鼠IgG2a(同种异型a)/抗-小鼠IgG2a(同种异型a)ELISA测量小鼠血浆中的总抗体浓度。将NUNC 384-孔Maxisorp免疫平板(Neptune,NJ)用小鼠抗-小鼠IgG2a同种异型A(一种同种异型A特异性的抗体)(BD/Pharmigen San Jose,CA)在4℃包被过夜,将平板用PBS,0.5%BSA在25℃封闭1小时。每种抗体(抗-gD和抗-TfR/BACEl双特异性变体)用作标准物来定量各种抗体的浓度。将平板用微量平板洗涤机(Bio-Tek Instruments,Inc.,Winooski,VT)用PBS,0.05%Tween-20洗涤,并加入稀释在含有0.5%BSA,0.35M NaCl,0.25%CHAPS,5mM EDTA,0.2%BgG,0.05%Tween-20和15ppm(Sigma-Aldrich)的PBS中的标准物和样品,在25℃放置2小时。结合的抗体用生物素-缀合的小鼠抗-小鼠IgG2a同种异型A(一种同种异型A特异性的抗体)(BD/Pharmigen San Jose,CA)进行检测。结合的生物素-缀合的抗体用辣根过氧化物酶-缀合的链霉抗生物素蛋白(GE Helathcare LifeSciences,Pittsburgh,PA)进行检测。样品用3,3′,5,5′-四甲基联苯胺(TMB)(KPL,Inc.,Gaithersburg,MD)显色,并且在Multiskan Ascent读数仪(Thermo Scientific,Hudson,NH)上在450nm测量吸光度。利用四参数非线性回归程序由标准曲线确定浓度。测定在血浆中具有78.13ng/ml的定量下限(LLOQ)值。实验组间差异的统计学分析使用双尾未配对的t检验进行。
当施用包含Fc LALAPG突变的抗-TfRD/BACE1抗体时,小鼠没有表现出如之前使用具有完全的效应子功能的抗体观察到的临床症状。参见Couch等人,Sci.Trans.Med.5:183ra57(2013)。图20显示药物代谢动力学分析的结果。
另外,使用Sysmex XT2000iV(Sysmex,Kobe,Japan)按照供应商的使用说明确定不成熟的和总网织红细胞计数。在给药后24小时,使用任意所检测的抗体,在不成熟网织红细胞级分或总网织红细胞计数中没有观察到差异,如在图21中看到的。这些结果表明LALAPG突变不仅消除抗体效应子功能,还减少了甚至使用无效应子抗体构架观察到的补体结合和补体介导的网织红细胞清除(Couch等人2013)。这与另一份报告相一致:在人IgG1上掺入LALA突变可以限制补体结合(Hessell等人,Nature 449:101-104(2007))。
实施例8-产生FcRnHIGH双特异性变体
为了增加双特异性抗体的半衰期,并且由此潜在地增加所述抗体在脑中的浓度,制备包含在IgG恒定结构域中并且具体在Fc受体-新生物(FcRn)结合结构域中(FcRnHIGH突变)的突变的双特异性变体。FcRn结合结构域已经参与抗体的母体-胎儿转移。参见Story等人,J.Exp.Med.,180:2377 2381,1994。FcRn结合结构域中的氨基酸置换增加该恒定结构域针对FcRn的亲和力,由此增加该抗体的半衰期。
已经记载FcRn结合结构域突变M252Y、S254T和T256E(YTE)增加FcRn结合,并且因此增加抗体的半衰期。参见美国公布的专利申请号2003/0190311和Dall’Acqua等人,J.Biol.Chem.281:23514-23524(2006)。另外,记载FcRn结合结构域突变N434A和Y436I(AI)也增加FcRn结合。参见Yeung等人,J.Immunol.182:7663-7671(2009)。将YTE(M252Y/S254T/T256E)和AI(N434/Y436I)突变结合在包含WT人IgG1或无效应子LALAPG或N297G突变的抗-TfR52A/BACE1和抗-TfR2/BACE1双特异性抗体二者中。另外,在抗-gD hIgG1抗体中产生FcRnHIGH突变作为对照。突变使用Kunkel诱变法构建,将抗体在CHO细胞中瞬时表达,并且使用蛋白质A层析法然后通过尺寸排阻层析(SEC)纯化蛋白。
FcRnHIGH变体抗体与FcRn的结合使用BIAcore测量。人和食蟹猴FcRn蛋白在CHO中表达,并且用IgG亲和层析纯化。数据在BIAcore T200仪器上获得。将A系列S传感器芯片CM5(GE Healthcare,Cat.BR100530)按照供应商的使用说明用EDC和NHS试剂活化,并且偶联抗-Fab抗体(人Fab捕获试剂盒,GE Health care Bio-science.AB SE-75184,upsala,Sweden)以获得约10,000个响应单位(RU),然后用1M乙醇胺封闭未反应的基团。对于亲和力测量,首先以10μl/min的流速注入抗体以在三个不同的流动池(FC)上捕获约1000RU,FC1(参比)除外,然后注入在pH6缓冲液(0.1M磷酸钠)中的人FcRn(或食蟹猴FcRn)的2倍连续稀释液(流速:30μl/min),在同一循环中从低(1nM)到高(25μM)一个接一个注入,在注射之间没有再生。记录传感曲线(Sensograms),并且在用BIAcore T200评价软件(版本2.0)评价之前减去参比和缓冲液。通过基于1∶1的结合模型分析稳定状态的结合水平而确定亲和力。关于抗-TfR52A/BACE1的LALAPG,N297G,LALAPG.YTE和LALAPG.AI变体的结合亲和力显示在下表11中。数据显示FcRnHIGH变体在内体(pH 6)中提高针对人和食蟹猴FcRn二者的亲和力。
表11
在食蟹猴中检测所选的FcRnHIGH变体,以确定FcRn亲和力的增强能否改善药物代谢动力学特性和/或增加抗-TfR/BACE1抗体的脑暴露。
为了评价物效应子和FcRnHIGH突变的安全性,将某些双特异性抗体施用到表达人运铁蛋白受体的敲入人运铁蛋白受体的小鼠中。该huTfR敲入小鼠按下述产生。使用重组工程(recombineering)(Warming等人,Molecular and Cellular Biology vol.26(18)第6913-22页2006;Liu等人,Genome Research(2003)vol.13(3)第476-84页)和标准分子克隆技术的组合制备用于使人TFRC cDNA靶向到ES细胞中的C57BL/6 Tfrc基因座中的构建体。
简言之,使用侧连小鼠Tfrc基因的短同源物的盒(人TFRC cDNA,SV40 pA,和frt-PGK-em7-Neo-BGHpA-frt)通过重组工程修饰Tfrc C57BL/6J BAC (RP23 BAC文库)。将人TFRC cDNA盒插入到内源性ATG处,并且删除Tfrc外显子2的其余部分加内含子2的开始部分。然后使BAC中的靶向区域与作为用于ES细胞靶向的同源臂的侧连基因组Tfrc序列一起重新回到pBlight-TK中(Warming等人,Molecular and Cellular Biology,vol.26(18)第6913-22页2006)。具体地,2950bp的5’同源臂对应于(assembly NCBI37/mm9):chr.16:32,610,333-32,613,282,2599bp的3’同源臂对应于chr.16:32,613,320-32,615,918。最终的载体通过DNA测序进行验证。
将Tfrc/TFRC KI载体用NotI线性化,并且使用标准方法(G418阳性和丙氧鸟苷阴性选择)靶向C57BL/6N C2 ES细胞。使用PCR和taqman分析鉴定阳性克隆,并且通过对修饰的基因座测序进行验证。将正确靶向的ES细胞用Flpe质粒转染,以去除Neo,然后使用标准技术将ES细胞注射到胚泡中。在使得到的嵌合体与C57BL/6N雌性杂交后,获得种系传递(Germline transmission)。
具体地,将下表中列出的抗体以单次50mg/kg的剂量施用到huTfR敲入小鼠中,并在24小时后,抽血(并计数)网织红细胞。huIg1,N297G
表12
抗体 | 同种型 | 小鼠数目 |
抗-gD | huIg1,N297G | 6 |
抗-TfR<sup>52A</sup>/BACE1 | huIgG1,N297G | 6 |
抗-TfR<sup>52A</sup>/BACE1 | huIgG1,LALAPG | 6 |
抗-TfR<sup>52A</sup>/BACE1 | huIgG1,LALAPG/YTE | 6 |
抗-TfR<sup>52A</sup>/BACE1 | huIgG1,LALAPG/AI | 6 |
在施用抗-TfR52A/BACE1 LALAPG、LALAPG/YTE或LALAPG/AI抗体(表12中的组3-5)后,人TfR敲入小鼠没有表现出如之前使用具有完全效应子功能的抗-TfR抗体(Couch等人2013)观察到的临床症状或网织红细胞损失(图22)。这些结果表明在人IgG1构架上掺入LALAPG突变也消除效应子功能,并且进一步表明,加入YTE或AI FcRnHIGH突变不干扰LALAPG突变使得所述抗体具有无效应子的理想特性。
还进行了ADCC测定,以在人源性细胞系中验证LALAPG、LALAPG/YTE和LALAPG/AI突变组合的无效应子状态。同前述,人红白血病细胞系(HEL,ATCC)用作靶细胞,PBMC来自携带F/V158基因型或FcγRIIIAV/V158基因型的健康人献血者。由于与增加的NK细胞-介导的ADCC活性的已知的相关性以及结合IgG4抗体的能力(Bowles和Weiner,2005;Bruhns等人2008),在本测定中还包括V/V158基因型。对细胞计数,并且通过(BeckmanCoulter;Fullerton,CA)按照供应商的使用说明确定存活性。
使用Uni-SepTM血液分离管(Accurate Chemical&Scientific Corp.;Westbury,NY)通过密度梯度离心分离PBMC。将在50μL测定培养基(RPMI-1640,具有1%BSA和100单位/mL青霉素和链霉素)中的靶细胞以4x 104个/孔接种在96孔圆底平板中。向包含靶细胞的平板中加入测试和对照抗体的连续稀释液(50μL/孔),然后在37℃、5%CO2温育30分钟,以允许调理。抗体的终浓度在0.0051-10,000ng/mL范围内,按照5倍的连续稀释,总共10个数据点。温育后,向每个孔中加入在100μL测定培养基中的1.0x 106个PBMC效应子细胞,以产生25∶1的效应子∶靶细胞比例,并且将平板再温育4小时。在温育结束时将平板离心,并且使用细胞毒性检测试剂盒TM(Roche Applied Scinece;Indianapolis,IN)检测上清的乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)活性。将LDH反应混合物加入到上清中,并且将平板以恒速摇动在室温温育15分钟。用1M H3PO4终止反应,并且使用SpectraMax Plus微量平板读数仪在490nm测量吸光度(对每个孔减去在650nm测量的背景)。仅包含靶细胞的孔的吸光度作为关于背景的对照(低对照),而包含用Triton-X100裂解的靶细胞的孔提供可获得的信号最大值(高对照)。在包含靶细胞和效应子细胞而没有加入抗体的孔中测量不依赖抗体的细胞性细胞毒性(AICC)。按下述计算特异性ADCC的程度:
将样品稀释液的ADCC针对抗体浓度绘图,并且使用SoftMax Pro将剂量-响应曲线针对四参数模型进行拟合。
ADCC测定的结果显示在图23中。如预测地,效应子阳性的抗-人TfR抗体(抗-TfR1/gD IgG1 WT)在HEL细胞上引发显著的ADCC活性。相比之下,包含LALAPG、LALAPG/YTE或LALAPG/AI突变的抗-TfR52A/BACE1抗体变体在HEL细胞中没有表现出任何ADCC活性,这与阴性对照抗-TfR52A/gD N297G抗体相似。
实施例9-抗-TfR双特异性变体序列的修饰
可以在重链可变区FR4中掺入突变,以在位置108的甲硫氨酸变为亮氨酸(M108L),以提高抗-TfR抗体的稳定性。
包含所述M108L突变的抗-TfR Fab的结合亲和力与未修饰的Fab相似,如表13所示。
表13:抗-TfR Fab的结合亲和力
预期包含含有具有M108L突变的抗-TfR2.hIgG1.LALAPG.YTE重链(SEQ ID NO:160)的抗-TfR臂的双特异性抗体比包含相同的抗-TfR臂但无M108L重链突变的双特异性抗体更稳定,同时还保留针对TfR的结合亲和力。
虽然为了清楚的理解,已经借助于举例说明和实施例在一些细节上描述了上述发明,但是描述和实施例不应当解释为限制本发明的范围。本文中引用的所有专利和科学文献的公开内容通过引用清楚地全部结合于此。
某些序列的表格
序列表
<110> 健泰科生物技术公司
<120> 抗-运铁蛋白受体抗体及使用方法
<130> 01146-0042-00PCT
<150> US 62/081,827
<151> 2014-11-19
<160> 163
<170> PatentIn version 3.5
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Met Met Asp Gln Ala Arg Ser Ala Phe Ser Asn Leu Phe Gly Gly Glu
1 5 10 15
Pro Leu Ser Tyr Thr Arg Phe Ser Leu Ala Arg Gln Val Asp Gly Asp
20 25 30
Asn Ser His Val Glu Met Lys Leu Ala Val Asp Glu Glu Glu Asn Ala
35 40 45
Asp Asn Asn Thr Lys Ala Asn Val Thr Lys Pro Lys Arg Cys Ser Gly
50 55 60
Ser Ile Cys Tyr Gly Thr Ile Ala Val Ile Val Phe Phe Leu Ile Gly
65 70 75 80
Phe Met Ile Gly Tyr Leu Gly Tyr Cys Lys Gly Val Glu Pro Lys Thr
85 90 95
Glu Cys Glu Arg Leu Ala Gly Thr Glu Ser Pro Val Arg Glu Glu Pro
100 105 110
Gly Glu Asp Phe Pro Ala Ala Arg Arg Leu Tyr Trp Asp Asp Leu Lys
115 120 125
Arg Lys Leu Ser Glu Lys Leu Asp Ser Thr Asp Phe Thr Ser Thr Ile
130 135 140
Lys Leu Leu Asn Glu Asn Ser Tyr Val Pro Arg Glu Ala Gly Ser Gln
145 150 155 160
Lys Asp Glu Asn Leu Ala Leu Tyr Val Glu Asn Gln Phe Arg Glu Phe
165 170 175
Lys Leu Ser Lys Val Trp Arg Asp Gln His Phe Val Lys Ile Gln Val
180 185 190
Lys Asp Ser Ala Gln Asn Ser Val Ile Ile Val Asp Lys Asn Gly Arg
195 200 205
Leu Val Tyr Leu Val Glu Asn Pro Gly Gly Tyr Val Ala Tyr Ser Lys
210 215 220
Ala Ala Thr Val Thr Gly Lys Leu Val His Ala Asn Phe Gly Thr Lys
225 230 235 240
Lys Asp Phe Glu Asp Leu Tyr Thr Pro Val Asn Gly Ser Ile Val Ile
245 250 255
Val Arg Ala Gly Lys Ile Thr Phe Ala Glu Lys Val Ala Asn Ala Glu
260 265 270
Ser Leu Asn Ala Ile Gly Val Leu Ile Tyr Met Asp Gln Thr Lys Phe
275 280 285
Pro Ile Val Asn Ala Glu Leu Ser Phe Phe Gly His Ala His Leu Gly
290 295 300
Thr Gly Asp Pro Tyr Thr Pro Gly Phe Pro Ser Phe Asn His Thr Gln
305 310 315 320
Phe Pro Pro Ser Arg Ser Ser Gly Leu Pro Asn Ile Pro Val Gln Thr
325 330 335
Ile Ser Arg Ala Ala Ala Glu Lys Leu Phe Gly Asn Met Glu Gly Asp
340 345 350
Cys Pro Ser Asp Trp Lys Thr Asp Ser Thr Cys Arg Met Val Thr Ser
355 360 365
Glu Ser Lys Asn Val Lys Leu Thr Val Ser Asn Val Leu Lys Glu Ile
370 375 380
Lys Ile Leu Asn Ile Phe Gly Val Ile Lys Gly Phe Val Glu Pro Asp
385 390 395 400
His Tyr Val Val Val Gly Ala Gln Arg Asp Ala Trp Gly Pro Gly Ala
405 410 415
Ala Lys Ser Gly Val Gly Thr Ala Leu Leu Leu Lys Leu Ala Gln Met
420 425 430
Phe Ser Asp Met Val Leu Lys Asp Gly Phe Gln Pro Ser Arg Ser Ile
435 440 445
Ile Phe Ala Ser Trp Ser Ala Gly Asp Phe Gly Ser Val Gly Ala Thr
450 455 460
Glu Trp Leu Glu Gly Tyr Leu Ser Ser Leu His Leu Lys Ala Phe Thr
465 470 475 480
Tyr Ile Asn Leu Asp Lys Ala Val Leu Gly Thr Ser Asn Phe Lys Val
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Ser Ala Ser Pro Leu Leu Tyr Thr Leu Ile Glu Lys Thr Met Gln Asn
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Val Lys His Pro Val Thr Gly Gln Phe Leu Tyr Gln Asp Ser Asn Trp
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Ala Ser Lys Val Glu Lys Leu Thr Leu Asp Asn Ala Ala Phe Pro Phe
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Leu Ala Tyr Ser Gly Ile Pro Ala Val Ser Phe Cys Phe Cys Glu Asp
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Thr Asp Tyr Pro Tyr Leu Gly Thr Thr Met Asp Thr Tyr Lys Glu Leu
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Ile Glu Arg Ile Pro Glu Leu Asn Lys Val Ala Arg Ala Ala Ala Glu
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Val Ala Gly Gln Phe Val Ile Lys Leu Thr His Asp Val Glu Leu Asn
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Leu Asp Tyr Glu Arg Tyr Asn Ser Gln Leu Leu Ser Phe Val Arg Asp
610 615 620
Leu Asn Gln Tyr Arg Ala Asp Ile Lys Glu Met Gly Leu Ser Leu Gln
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Trp Leu Tyr Ser Ala Arg Gly Asp Phe Phe Arg Ala Thr Ser Arg Leu
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Thr Thr Asp Phe Gly Asn Ala Glu Lys Thr Asp Arg Phe Val Met Lys
660 665 670
Lys Leu Asn Asp Arg Val Met Arg Val Glu Tyr His Phe Leu Ser Pro
675 680 685
Tyr Val Ser Pro Lys Glu Ser Pro Phe Arg His Val Phe Trp Gly Ser
690 695 700
Gly Ser His Thr Leu Pro Ala Leu Leu Glu Asn Leu Lys Leu Arg Lys
705 710 715 720
Gln Asn Asn Gly Ala Phe Asn Glu Thr Leu Phe Arg Asn Gln Leu Ala
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Leu Ala Thr Trp Thr Ile Gln Gly Ala Ala Asn Ala Leu Ser Gly Asp
740 745 750
Val Trp Asp Ile Asp Asn Glu Phe
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<212> PRT
<213> 恒河猴(Macaca mulatta)
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Met Met Asp Gln Ala Arg Ser Ala Phe Ser Asn Leu Phe Gly Gly Glu
1 5 10 15
Pro Leu Ser Tyr Thr Arg Phe Ser Leu Ala Arg Gln Val Asp Gly Asp
20 25 30
Asn Ser His Val Glu Met Lys Leu Gly Val Asp Glu Glu Glu Asn Thr
35 40 45
Asp Asn Asn Thr Lys Pro Asn Gly Thr Lys Pro Lys Arg Cys Gly Gly
50 55 60
Asn Ile Cys Tyr Gly Thr Ile Ala Val Ile Ile Phe Phe Leu Ile Gly
65 70 75 80
Phe Met Ile Gly Tyr Leu Gly Tyr Cys Lys Gly Val Glu Pro Lys Thr
85 90 95
Glu Cys Glu Arg Leu Ala Gly Thr Glu Ser Pro Ala Arg Glu Glu Pro
100 105 110
Glu Glu Asp Phe Pro Ala Ala Pro Arg Leu Tyr Trp Asp Asp Leu Lys
115 120 125
Arg Lys Leu Ser Glu Lys Leu Asp Thr Thr Asp Phe Thr Ser Thr Ile
130 135 140
Lys Leu Leu Asn Glu Asn Leu Tyr Val Pro Arg Glu Ala Gly Ser Gln
145 150 155 160
Lys Asp Glu Asn Leu Ala Leu Tyr Ile Glu Asn Gln Phe Arg Glu Phe
165 170 175
Lys Leu Ser Lys Val Trp Arg Asp Gln His Phe Val Lys Ile Gln Val
180 185 190
Lys Asp Ser Ala Gln Asn Ser Val Ile Ile Val Asp Lys Asn Gly Gly
195 200 205
Leu Val Tyr Leu Val Glu Asn Pro Gly Gly Tyr Val Ala Tyr Ser Lys
210 215 220
Ala Ala Thr Val Thr Gly Lys Leu Val His Ala Asn Phe Gly Thr Lys
225 230 235 240
Lys Asp Phe Glu Asp Leu Asp Ser Pro Val Asn Gly Ser Ile Val Ile
245 250 255
Val Arg Ala Gly Lys Ile Thr Phe Ala Glu Lys Val Ala Asn Ala Glu
260 265 270
Ser Leu Asn Ala Ile Gly Val Leu Ile Tyr Met Asp Gln Thr Lys Phe
275 280 285
Pro Ile Val Lys Ala Asp Leu Ser Phe Phe Gly His Ala His Leu Gly
290 295 300
Thr Gly Asp Pro Tyr Thr Pro Gly Phe Pro Ser Phe Asn His Thr Gln
305 310 315 320
Phe Pro Pro Ser Gln Ser Ser Gly Leu Pro Asn Ile Pro Val Gln Thr
325 330 335
Ile Ser Arg Ala Ala Ala Glu Lys Leu Phe Gly Asn Met Glu Gly Asp
340 345 350
Cys Pro Ser Asp Trp Lys Thr Asp Ser Thr Cys Lys Met Val Thr Ser
355 360 365
Glu Asn Lys Ser Val Lys Leu Thr Val Ser Asn Val Leu Lys Glu Thr
370 375 380
Lys Ile Leu Asn Ile Phe Gly Val Ile Lys Gly Phe Val Glu Pro Asp
385 390 395 400
His Tyr Val Val Val Gly Ala Gln Arg Asp Ala Trp Gly Pro Gly Ala
405 410 415
Ala Lys Ser Ser Val Gly Thr Ala Leu Leu Leu Lys Leu Ala Gln Met
420 425 430
Phe Ser Asp Met Val Leu Lys Asp Gly Phe Gln Pro Ser Arg Ser Ile
435 440 445
Ile Phe Ala Ser Trp Ser Ala Gly Asp Phe Gly Ser Val Gly Ala Thr
450 455 460
Glu Trp Leu Glu Gly Tyr Leu Ser Ser Leu His Leu Lys Ala Phe Thr
465 470 475 480
Tyr Ile Asn Leu Asp Lys Ala Val Leu Gly Thr Ser Asn Phe Lys Val
485 490 495
Ser Ala Ser Pro Leu Leu Tyr Thr Leu Ile Glu Lys Thr Met Gln Asp
500 505 510
Val Lys His Pro Val Thr Gly Arg Ser Leu Tyr Gln Asp Ser Asn Trp
515 520 525
Ala Ser Lys Val Glu Lys Leu Thr Leu Asp Asn Ala Ala Phe Pro Phe
530 535 540
Leu Ala Tyr Ser Gly Ile Pro Ala Val Ser Phe Cys Phe Cys Glu Asp
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Thr Asp Tyr Pro Tyr Leu Gly Thr Thr Met Asp Thr Tyr Lys Glu Leu
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Val Glu Arg Ile Pro Glu Leu Asn Lys Val Ala Arg Ala Ala Ala Glu
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Val Ala Gly Gln Phe Val Ile Lys Leu Thr His Asp Thr Glu Leu Asn
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Leu Asp Tyr Glu Arg Tyr Asn Ser Gln Leu Leu Leu Phe Leu Arg Asp
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Leu Asn Gln Tyr Arg Ala Asp Val Lys Glu Met Gly Leu Ser Leu Gln
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Trp Leu Tyr Ser Ala Arg Gly Asp Phe Phe Arg Ala Thr Ser Arg Leu
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Thr Thr Asp Phe Arg Asn Ala Glu Lys Arg Asp Lys Phe Val Met Lys
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Lys Leu Asn Asp Arg Val Met Arg Val Glu Tyr Tyr Phe Leu Ser Pro
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Tyr Val Ser Pro Lys Glu Ser Pro Phe Arg His Val Phe Trp Gly Ser
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Gly Ser His Thr Leu Ser Ala Leu Leu Glu Ser Leu Lys Leu Arg Arg
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Gln Asn Asn Ser Ala Phe Asn Glu Thr Leu Phe Arg Asn Gln Leu Ala
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Val Trp Asp Ile Asp Asn Glu Phe
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Met Met Asp Gln Ala Arg Ser Ala Phe Ser Asn Leu Phe Gly Gly Glu
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Pro Leu Ser Tyr Thr Arg Phe Ser Leu Ala Arg Gln Val Asp Gly Asp
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Asn Ser His Val Glu Met Lys Leu Ala Ala Asp Glu Glu Glu Asn Ala
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Asp Asn Asn Met Lys Ala Ser Val Arg Lys Pro Lys Arg Phe Asn Gly
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Arg Leu Cys Phe Ala Ala Ile Ala Leu Val Ile Phe Phe Leu Ile Gly
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Phe Met Ser Gly Tyr Leu Gly Tyr Cys Lys Arg Val Glu Gln Lys Glu
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Glu Cys Val Lys Leu Ala Glu Thr Glu Glu Thr Asp Lys Ser Glu Thr
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Met Glu Thr Glu Asp Val Pro Thr Ser Ser Arg Leu Tyr Trp Ala Asp
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Leu Lys Thr Leu Leu Ser Glu Lys Leu Asn Ser Ile Glu Phe Ala Asp
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Thr Ile Lys Gln Leu Ser Gln Asn Thr Tyr Thr Pro Arg Glu Ala Gly
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Ser Gln Lys Asp Glu Ser Leu Ala Tyr Tyr Ile Glu Asn Gln Phe His
165 170 175
Glu Phe Lys Phe Ser Lys Val Trp Arg Asp Glu His Tyr Val Lys Ile
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Gln Val Lys Ser Ser Ile Gly Gln Asn Met Val Thr Ile Val Gln Ser
195 200 205
Asn Gly Asn Leu Asp Pro Val Glu Ser Pro Glu Gly Tyr Val Ala Phe
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Ser Lys Pro Thr Glu Val Ser Gly Lys Leu Val His Ala Asn Phe Gly
225 230 235 240
Thr Lys Lys Asp Phe Glu Glu Leu Ser Tyr Ser Val Asn Gly Ser Leu
245 250 255
Val Ile Val Arg Ala Gly Glu Ile Thr Phe Ala Glu Lys Val Ala Asn
260 265 270
Ala Gln Ser Phe Asn Ala Ile Gly Val Leu Ile Tyr Met Asp Lys Asn
275 280 285
Lys Phe Pro Val Val Glu Ala Asp Leu Ala Leu Phe Gly His Ala His
290 295 300
Leu Gly Thr Gly Asp Pro Tyr Thr Pro Gly Phe Pro Ser Phe Asn His
305 310 315 320
Thr Gln Phe Pro Pro Ser Gln Ser Ser Gly Leu Pro Asn Ile Pro Val
325 330 335
Gln Thr Ile Ser Arg Ala Ala Ala Glu Lys Leu Phe Gly Lys Met Glu
340 345 350
Gly Ser Cys Pro Ala Arg Trp Asn Ile Asp Ser Ser Cys Lys Leu Glu
355 360 365
Leu Ser Gln Asn Gln Asn Val Lys Leu Ile Val Lys Asn Val Leu Lys
370 375 380
Glu Arg Arg Ile Leu Asn Ile Phe Gly Val Ile Lys Gly Tyr Glu Glu
385 390 395 400
Pro Asp Arg Tyr Val Val Val Gly Ala Gln Arg Asp Ala Leu Gly Ala
405 410 415
Gly Val Ala Ala Lys Ser Ser Val Gly Thr Gly Leu Leu Leu Lys Leu
420 425 430
Ala Gln Val Phe Ser Asp Met Ile Ser Lys Asp Gly Phe Arg Pro Ser
435 440 445
Arg Ser Ile Ile Phe Ala Ser Trp Thr Ala Gly Asp Phe Gly Ala Val
450 455 460
Gly Ala Thr Glu Trp Leu Glu Gly Tyr Leu Ser Ser Leu His Leu Lys
465 470 475 480
Ala Phe Thr Tyr Ile Asn Leu Asp Lys Val Val Leu Gly Thr Ser Asn
485 490 495
Phe Lys Val Ser Ala Ser Pro Leu Leu Tyr Thr Leu Met Gly Lys Ile
500 505 510
Met Gln Asp Val Lys His Pro Val Asp Gly Lys Ser Leu Tyr Arg Asp
515 520 525
Ser Asn Trp Ile Ser Lys Val Glu Lys Leu Ser Phe Asp Asn Ala Ala
530 535 540
Tyr Pro Phe Leu Ala Tyr Ser Gly Ile Pro Ala Val Ser Phe Cys Phe
545 550 555 560
Cys Glu Asp Ala Asp Tyr Pro Tyr Leu Gly Thr Arg Leu Asp Thr Tyr
565 570 575
Glu Ala Leu Thr Gln Lys Val Pro Gln Leu Asn Gln Met Val Arg Thr
580 585 590
Ala Ala Glu Val Ala Gly Gln Leu Ile Ile Lys Leu Thr His Asp Val
595 600 605
Glu Leu Asn Leu Asp Tyr Glu Met Tyr Asn Ser Lys Leu Leu Ser Phe
610 615 620
Met Lys Asp Leu Asn Gln Phe Lys Thr Asp Ile Arg Asp Met Gly Leu
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Ser Leu Gln Trp Leu Tyr Ser Ala Arg Gly Asp Tyr Phe Arg Ala Thr
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Ser Arg Leu Thr Thr Asp Phe His Asn Ala Glu Lys Thr Asn Arg Phe
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Val Met Arg Glu Ile Asn Asp Arg Ile Met Lys Val Glu Tyr His Phe
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Leu Ser Pro Tyr Val Ser Pro Arg Glu Ser Pro Phe Arg His Ile Phe
690 695 700
Trp Gly Ser Gly Ser His Thr Leu Ser Ala Leu Val Glu Asn Leu Lys
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Leu Arg Gln Lys Asn Ile Thr Ala Phe Asn Glu Thr Leu Phe Arg Asn
725 730 735
Gln Leu Ala Leu Ala Thr Trp Thr Ile Gln Gly Val Ala Asn Ala Leu
740 745 750
Ser Gly Asp Ile Trp Asn Ile Asp Asn Glu Phe
755 760
<210> 4
<211> 111
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的多肽
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Asp Ile Val Leu Thr Gln Ser Pro Ala Ser Leu Ala Val Ser Leu Gly
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Gln Arg Ala Thr Ile Ser Cys Arg Ala Ser Glu Ser Val Asp Asp Tyr
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Gly Asn Ser Phe Met His Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Gly Gln Pro Pro
35 40 45
Lys Leu Leu Ile Tyr Arg Ala Ser Asn Leu Glu Ser Gly Ile Pro Ala
50 55 60
Arg Phe Ser Gly Ser Gly Ser Arg Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile Asn
65 70 75 80
Pro Val Glu Ala Asp Asp Val Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Gln Gln Ser Asn
85 90 95
Glu Ala Pro Pro Thr Phe Gly Gly Gly Thr Lys Leu Glu Ile Arg
100 105 110
<210> 5
<211> 111
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
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<223> 合成的多肽
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Asp Ile Val Leu Thr Gln Ser Pro Ala Ser Leu Ala Val Ser Leu Gly
1 5 10 15
Gln Arg Ala Thr Ile Ser Cys Arg Ala Ser Glu Ser Val Asp Ser Tyr
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Gly Asn Ser Phe Met His Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Gly Gln Pro Pro
35 40 45
Lys Leu Leu Ile Tyr Arg Ala Ser Asn Leu Glu Ser Gly Ile Pro Ala
50 55 60
Arg Phe Ser Gly Ser Gly Ser Arg Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile Asn
65 70 75 80
Pro Val Glu Ala Asp Asp Val Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Gln Gln Ser Asn
85 90 95
Glu Gly Pro Pro Thr Phe Gly Gly Gly Thr Lys Leu Glu Ile Lys
100 105 110
<210> 6
<211> 111
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的多肽
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Asp Ile Val Leu Thr Gln Ser Pro Ala Ser Leu Ala Val Ser Leu Gly
1 5 10 15
Gln Arg Ala Thr Ile Ser Cys Arg Ala Ser Glu Ser Val Asp Ser Tyr
20 25 30
Gly Pro Ser Phe Met His Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Gly Gln Pro Pro
35 40 45
Lys Leu Leu Ile Tyr Arg Ala Ser Asn Leu Glu Ser Gly Ile Pro Ala
50 55 60
Arg Phe Ser Gly Ser Gly Ser Arg Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile Asn
65 70 75 80
Pro Val Glu Ala Asp Asp Val Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Gln His Ser Asn
85 90 95
Glu Asp Pro Pro Thr Phe Gly Gly Gly Thr Arg Leu Glu Ile Lys
100 105 110
<210> 7
<211> 119
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的多肽
<400> 7
Gln Val Gln Leu Gln Gln Ser Gly Pro Glu Leu Val Arg Pro Gly Val
1 5 10 15
Ser Val Lys Ile Ser Cys Lys Gly Ser Gly Tyr Thr Phe Thr Asp Tyr
20 25 30
Ala Met His Trp Val Lys Gln Ser His Ala Lys Ser Leu Glu Trp Ile
35 40 45
Gly Gly Ile Ser Thr Tyr Phe Gly Arg Thr Asn Tyr Asn Gln Lys Phe
50 55 60
Lys Gly Arg Ala Thr Met Thr Val Asp Lys Ser Ser Ser Thr Ala Tyr
65 70 75 80
Met Glu Leu Ala Arg Leu Thr Ser Glu Asp Ser Ala Leu Tyr Tyr Cys
85 90 95
Ala Arg Gly Leu Ser Gly Asn Tyr Val Met Asp Tyr Trp Gly Gln Gly
100 105 110
Thr Ser Val Thr Val Ser Ser
115
<210> 8
<211> 119
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的多肽
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Gln Val Gln Leu Gln Gln Ser Gly Pro Glu Leu Val Arg Pro Gly Val
1 5 10 15
Ser Val Lys Ile Ser Cys Lys Gly Ser Gly Tyr Thr Phe Thr Asp Tyr
20 25 30
Gly Met His Trp Val Lys Gln Ser His Ala Lys Ser Leu Glu Trp Ile
35 40 45
Gly Val Ile Ser Pro Tyr Ser Gly Arg Thr Asn Tyr Asn Gln Asn Phe
50 55 60
Lys Gly Lys Ala Thr Met Thr Val Asp Lys Ser Ser Ser Thr Ala Tyr
65 70 75 80
Leu Glu Leu Ala Arg Leu Thr Ser Glu Asp Ser Ala Ile Tyr Tyr Cys
85 90 95
Ala Arg Gly Leu Ser Gly Asn Tyr Val Val Asp Tyr Trp Gly Gln Gly
100 105 110
Thr Ser Val Thr Val Ser Ser
115
<210> 9
<211> 119
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的多肽
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Gln Val Gln Leu Gln Gln Ser Gly Pro Glu Leu Val Arg Pro Gly Val
1 5 10 15
Ser Val Lys Ile Ser Cys Lys Gly Ser Gly Tyr Thr Val Thr Asp Tyr
20 25 30
Ala Met His Trp Val Lys Gln Ser His Ala Lys Ser Leu Glu Trp Ile
35 40 45
Gly Val Ile Ser Phe Tyr Ser Gly Lys Thr Asn Tyr Asn Gln Lys Phe
50 55 60
Met Gly Lys Ala Thr Met Thr Val Asp Lys Ser Ser Ser Thr Ala Tyr
65 70 75 80
Met Glu Leu Ala Arg Leu Thr Ser Glu Asp Ser Ala Ile Tyr Tyr Cys
85 90 95
Ala Arg Gly Leu Ser Gly Asn Tyr Val Met Asp Tyr Trp Gly Gln Gly
100 105 110
Thr Ser Val Thr Val Ser Ser
115
<210> 10
<211> 119
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的多肽
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Gln Val Gln Leu Gln Gln Ser Gly Pro Glu Leu Val Arg Pro Gly Val
1 5 10 15
Ala Val Lys Ile Ser Cys Lys Gly Ser Gly Tyr Lys Phe Ile Asp Tyr
20 25 30
Gly Met His Trp Val Lys Gln Ser His Thr Lys Ser Leu Gln Trp Ile
35 40 45
Gly Val Ile Ser Pro Tyr Ser Gly Lys Thr Asn Tyr Ser Gln Lys Phe
50 55 60
Lys Gly Lys Ala Thr Met Thr Val Asp Lys Ser Ser Ser Thr Ala Tyr
65 70 75 80
Met Glu Leu Ala Arg Leu Thr Ser Glu Asp Ser Ala Ile Tyr Tyr Cys
85 90 95
Ala Arg Gly Leu Ser Gly Asn Phe Val Met Asp Phe Trp Gly Gln Gly
100 105 110
Thr Ser Val Thr Val Ser Ser
115
<210> 11
<211> 107
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的多肽
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Asp Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ala Ser Leu Ser Val Ser Val Gly
1 5 10 15
Glu Thr Val Thr Ile Thr Cys Arg Ala Ser Asp Asn Leu Tyr Ser Asn
20 25 30
Leu Ala Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Gln Gly Lys Ser Pro Gln Leu Leu Val
35 40 45
Tyr Asp Ala Thr Asn Leu Ala Asp Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly
50 55 60
Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Gln Tyr Ser Leu Lys Ile Asn Ser Leu Gln Ser
65 70 75 80
Glu Asp Phe Gly Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Gln His Phe Trp Gly Thr Pro Leu
85 90 95
Thr Phe Gly Ala Gly Thr Lys Leu Glu Leu Lys
100 105
<210> 12
<211> 107
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的多肽
<400> 12
Asp Ile Gln Leu Thr Gln Thr Pro Ala Ser Leu Ser Val Ser Val Gly
1 5 10 15
Glu Thr Val Thr Ile Thr Cys Arg Ala Ser Glu Asn Ile Tyr Ser Asn
20 25 30
Leu Ala Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Gln Gly Lys Ser Pro Gln Leu Leu Val
35 40 45
Tyr Ala Ala Thr Asp Leu Ala Asp Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Arg Gly
50 55 60
Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Gln Tyr Ser Leu Lys Ile Asn Ser Leu Gln Ser
65 70 75 80
Glu Asp Phe Gly Ser Tyr Tyr Cys Gln His Phe Trp Gly Thr Pro Leu
85 90 95
Thr Phe Gly Ala Gly Thr Lys Leu Glu Leu Ile
100 105
<210> 13
<211> 107
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的多肽
<400> 13
Asp Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ala Ser Leu Ser Val Ser Val Gly
1 5 10 15
Glu Thr Val Thr Ile Thr Cys Arg Ala Ser Asp Asn Ile Tyr Ser Asn
20 25 30
Leu Ala Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Gln Gly Lys Ser Pro Gln Leu Leu Val
35 40 45
Tyr Ala Ala Thr Asn Leu Ala Asp Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly
50 55 60
Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Gln Tyr Ser Leu Lys Ile Asn Ser Leu Gln Ser
65 70 75 80
Glu Asp Phe Gly Ser Tyr Tyr Cys Gln His Phe Trp Gly Thr Pro Leu
85 90 95
Met Phe Gly Ser Gly Thr Lys Leu Glu Leu Lys
100 105
<210> 14
<211> 107
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的多肽
<400> 14
Asp Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ala Ser Leu Ser Val Ser Val Gly
1 5 10 15
Glu Thr Val Thr Ile Thr Cys Arg Ala Ser Asp Asn Ile Tyr Ser Asn
20 25 30
Leu Ala Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Gln Gly Lys Ser Pro Gln Leu Leu Val
35 40 45
Tyr Ala Val Thr Asn Leu Ala Asp Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly
50 55 60
Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Gln Tyr Ser Leu Lys Ile Asn Ser Leu Gln Ser
65 70 75 80
Glu Asp Phe Gly Ser Tyr Tyr Cys Gln His Phe Trp Gly Thr Pro Leu
85 90 95
Thr Phe Gly Ala Gly Thr Lys Leu Glu Leu Lys
100 105
<210> 15
<211> 116
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的多肽
<400> 15
Gln Val Gln Leu Gln Gln Pro Gly Ala Glu Leu Val Lys Pro Gly Ala
1 5 10 15
Ser Val Lys Leu Ser Cys Lys Ala Ser Gly Tyr Thr Phe Thr Ser Tyr
20 25 30
Trp Met His Trp Val Lys Gln Arg Pro Gly Gln Gly Leu Glu Trp Ile
35 40 45
Gly Glu Ile Asn Pro Thr Asn Gly Arg Thr Asn Tyr Ile Glu Lys Phe
50 55 60
Lys Ser Lys Ala Thr Leu Thr Val Asp Lys Ser Ser Ser Thr Ala Tyr
65 70 75 80
Met Gln Leu Ser Ser Leu Thr Ser Glu Asp Ser Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys
85 90 95
Ala Arg Gly Thr Arg Ala Tyr His Tyr Trp Gly Gln Gly Thr Ser Val
100 105 110
Thr Val Ser Ser
115
<210> 16
<211> 116
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的多肽
<400> 16
Gln Val Gln Leu Gln Gln Pro Gly Ala Glu Leu Val Arg Pro Gly Ala
1 5 10 15
Ala Val Lys Leu Ser Cys Lys Ala Ser Gly Tyr Thr Phe Thr Ser Tyr
20 25 30
Trp Met His Trp Val Lys Gln Arg Pro Gly Gln Gly Leu Glu Trp Ile
35 40 45
Gly Glu Ile Asn Pro Thr Asn Gly Arg Thr Asn Tyr Asn Glu Asn Phe
50 55 60
Lys Ser Lys Ala Thr Leu Thr Val Asp Lys Ser Ser Ser Thr Ala Tyr
65 70 75 80
Met Gln Leu Ser Ser Leu Thr Ser Glu Asp Ser Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys
85 90 95
Ala Arg Gly Thr Arg Ala Tyr His Phe Trp Gly Gln Gly Thr Ser Val
100 105 110
Thr Val Ser Ser
115
<210> 17
<211> 116
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的多肽
<400> 17
Gln Val Gln Leu Gln Gln Pro Gly Ala Glu Leu Val Lys Pro Gly Ala
1 5 10 15
Ser Val Lys Leu Ser Cys Lys Ala Ser Gly Tyr Thr Phe Ala Ser Tyr
20 25 30
Trp Met His Trp Val Lys Gln Arg Pro Gly Gln Gly Leu Glu Trp Ile
35 40 45
Gly Glu Ile Asn Pro Ile Asn Gly Arg Thr Asn Tyr Ser Glu Lys Phe
50 55 60
Lys Lys Lys Ala Thr Leu Thr Val Asp Lys Ser Ser Ser Thr Ala Tyr
65 70 75 80
Met Gln Leu Ser Ser Leu Thr Ser Glu Asp Ser Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys
85 90 95
Ala Arg Gly Thr Arg Ala Tyr His Tyr Trp Gly Gln Gly Thr Ser Val
100 105 110
Thr Val Ser Ser
115
<210> 18
<211> 116
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的多肽
<400> 18
Gln Val Gln Leu Gln Gln Pro Gly Ala Glu Leu Val Lys Pro Gly Ala
1 5 10 15
Ser Val Lys Leu Ser Cys Lys Ala Ser Gly Tyr Thr Phe Thr Ser Tyr
20 25 30
Trp Met His Trp Val Lys Gln Arg Pro Gly Gln Gly Leu Glu Trp Ile
35 40 45
Gly Glu Ile Asn Pro Ser Asn Gly Arg Thr Asn Tyr Asn Glu Thr Phe
50 55 60
Lys Ser Lys Ala Thr Leu Thr Val Asp Lys Ser Ser Ser Thr Ala Tyr
65 70 75 80
Met Gln Leu Ser Ser Leu Thr Ser Glu Asp Ser Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys
85 90 95
Ala Arg Gly Thr Arg Ala Tyr His Tyr Trp Gly Gln Gly Thr Ser Val
100 105 110
Thr Val Ser Ser
115
<210> 19
<211> 107
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的多肽
<400> 19
Asp Val Gln Ile Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser Tyr Leu Thr Ala Ser Pro Gly
1 5 10 15
Glu Thr Ile Thr Ile Asn Cys Arg Ala Ser Lys Ser Ile Ser Lys Tyr
20 25 30
Leu Ala Trp Tyr Gln Glu Lys Pro Gly Lys Thr Asn Lys Leu Leu Ile
35 40 45
Tyr Ser Gly Ser Thr Leu Gln Ser Gly Ile Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly
50 55 60
Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Asn Leu Glu Pro
65 70 75 80
Glu Asp Phe Ala Met Tyr Tyr Cys Gln Gln His Asn Glu Tyr Pro Trp
85 90 95
Thr Phe Gly Gly Gly Thr Lys Leu Glu Ile Lys
100 105
<210> 20
<211> 122
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的多肽
<400> 20
Asp Val Gln Leu Gln Glu Ser Gly Pro Gly Leu Val Lys Pro Ser Gln
1 5 10 15
Ser Leu Ser Leu Thr Cys Thr Val Thr Gly Asn Ser Ile Thr Ser Glu
20 25 30
Tyr Ala Trp Asn Trp Ile Arg Gln Phe Pro Gly Asn Lys Leu Glu Trp
35 40 45
Met Gly Tyr Ile Ser Tyr Ser Gly Thr Thr Ser Tyr Asn Pro Ser Leu
50 55 60
Lys Ser Arg Ile Ser Ile Thr Arg Asp Thr Ser Lys Asn Gln Leu Phe
65 70 75 80
Leu Gln Leu Asn Ser Val Thr Thr Glu Asp Thr Ala Thr Tyr Phe Cys
85 90 95
Ala Arg Tyr Gly Tyr Gly Asn Pro Ala Thr Arg Tyr Phe Asp Val Trp
100 105 110
Gly Ala Gly Thr Thr Val Thr Val Ser Ser
115 120
<210> 21
<211> 111
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的多肽
<400> 21
Asp Ile Val Leu Thr Gln Ser Pro Ala Ser Leu Ala Val Ser Leu Gly
1 5 10 15
Gln Arg Ala Thr Ile Ser Cys Arg Ala Arg Gln Ser Val Ser Thr Ser
20 25 30
Ser Tyr Ser Phe Met His Trp Tyr Arg Gln Lys Ala Gly Gln Pro Pro
35 40 45
Lys Leu Leu Ile Lys Tyr Ala Ser Ile Gln Glu Ser Gly Val Pro Ala
50 55 60
Arg Phe Ser Gly Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Asn Ile Leu
65 70 75 80
Pro Val Glu Glu Glu Asp Thr Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Gln His Thr Trp
85 90 95
Glu Ile Pro Phe Thr Phe Gly Ser Gly Thr Lys Leu Glu Ile Lys
100 105 110
<210> 22
<211> 111
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的多肽
<400> 22
Asp Ile Val Leu Thr Gln Ser Pro Ala Ser Leu Ala Val Ser Leu Gly
1 5 10 15
Gln Arg Ala Thr Ile Ser Cys Arg Ala Arg Gln Ser Val Ser Thr Ser
20 25 30
Ser Tyr Ser Phe Met His Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Gly Gln Pro Pro
35 40 45
Lys Leu Leu Ile Lys Tyr Ala Ser Ile Gln Glu Ser Gly Val Pro Ala
50 55 60
Arg Phe Ser Gly Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Asn Ile Leu
65 70 75 80
Pro Val Glu Glu Glu Asp Thr Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Gln His Thr Trp
85 90 95
Glu Ile Pro Phe Thr Phe Gly Ser Gly Thr Asn Leu Glu Ile Lys
100 105 110
<210> 23
<211> 108
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的多肽
<400> 23
Gln Ile Val Leu Thr Gln Ser Pro Ala Ile Met Ser Ala Ser Leu Gly
1 5 10 15
Gly Arg Val Thr Met Thr Cys Thr Thr Ser Ser Ser Val Pro Ser Ser
20 25 30
Tyr Phe His Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Gly Ser Ser Pro Lys Leu Trp
35 40 45
Ile Tyr Ser Thr Ser Asn Leu Ala Ser Gly Val Pro Ala Arg Phe Ser
50 55 60
Gly Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Ser Tyr Ser Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser Met Glu
65 70 75 80
Ala Glu Asp Ala Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys His Gln Tyr His Arg Ser Pro
85 90 95
Phe Thr Phe Gly Ser Gly Thr Lys Leu Glu Ile Lys
100 105
<210> 24
<211> 107
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的多肽
<400> 24
Asp Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Thr Thr Ser Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Leu Gly
1 5 10 15
Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Asn Cys Arg Ala Gly Gln Asp Ile Thr Asn Tyr
20 25 30
Leu Asn Trp Phe Gln Gln Lys Pro Asp Gly Thr Val Lys Leu Leu Ile
35 40 45
Tyr Tyr Thr Ser Arg Leu His Ser Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly
50 55 60
Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Tyr Ser Leu Thr Ile Thr Asn Leu Glu Gln
65 70 75 80
Glu Asp Ile Ala Thr Tyr Phe Cys Gln Gln Ala Asn Thr Leu Pro Tyr
85 90 95
Thr Phe Gly Gly Gly Thr Lys Leu Glu Ile Lys
100 105
<210> 25
<211> 120
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的多肽
<400> 25
Gln Val Gln Leu Gln Gln Pro Gly Ser Glu Leu Val Arg Pro Gly Ala
1 5 10 15
Ser Val Lys Leu Ser Cys Lys Ala Ser Gly Tyr Thr Phe Thr Ser Tyr
20 25 30
Trp Met His Trp Val Lys Gln Arg His Gly Gln Gly Leu Glu Trp Ile
35 40 45
Gly Asn Ile Tyr Pro Gly Ser Gly Ser Thr Lys Tyr Asp Glu Arg Phe
50 55 60
Lys Ser Lys Gly Thr Leu Thr Val Asp Thr Ser Ser Ser Thr Ala Tyr
65 70 75 80
Met His Leu Ser Ser Leu Thr Ser Glu Asp Ser Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys
85 90 95
Thr Arg Gly Gly Tyr Asp Ser Arg Ala Trp Phe Ala Tyr Trp Gly Gln
100 105 110
Gly Thr Leu Val Thr Val Ser Ala
115 120
<210> 26
<211> 120
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的多肽
<400> 26
Gln Val Gln Leu Gln Gln Pro Gly Ser Glu Leu Val Arg Pro Gly Ala
1 5 10 15
Ser Val Lys Leu Ser Cys Lys Ala Ser Gly Tyr Thr Phe Thr Ser Tyr
20 25 30
Trp Met His Trp Val Lys Gln Arg His Gly Gln Gly Leu Glu Trp Ile
35 40 45
Gly Asn Ile Tyr Pro Gly Ser Gly Ser Thr Lys Tyr Asp Glu Lys Phe
50 55 60
Lys Ser Lys Gly Thr Leu Thr Val Asp Thr Ser Ser Ser Thr Ala Tyr
65 70 75 80
Met His Leu Ser Ser Leu Thr Ser Glu Asp Ser Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys
85 90 95
Thr Arg Gly Gly Tyr Asp Ser Arg Ala Trp Phe Ala His Trp Gly Gln
100 105 110
Gly Thr Leu Val Thr Val Ser Ala
115 120
<210> 27
<211> 124
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的多肽
<400> 27
Glu Val Lys Leu Val Glu Ser Gly Gly Gly Leu Val Gln Pro Gly Gly
1 5 10 15
Phe Leu Lys Leu Ser Cys Ala Thr Ser Gly Phe Thr Phe Ser Asp Tyr
20 25 30
Tyr Met Tyr Trp Val Arg Gln Thr Pro Glu Lys Arg Leu Glu Trp Val
35 40 45
Ala Ser Ile Ser Asn Gly Gly Asp Asn Thr Tyr Tyr Pro Asp Thr Val
50 55 60
Lys Gly Arg Phe Thr Ile Ser Arg Asp Asn Ala Lys Asn Thr Leu Tyr
65 70 75 80
Leu Gln Met Ser Arg Leu Lys Ser Glu Asp Thr Ala Met Tyr Tyr Cys
85 90 95
Ala Arg Gln Gly Ala Leu Tyr Asp Gly Tyr Tyr Arg Gly Ala Met Asp
100 105 110
Tyr Trp Gly Gln Gly Thr Ser Val Thr Val Ser Ser
115 120
<210> 28
<211> 121
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的多肽
<400> 28
Gln Val Gln Leu Gln Gln Ser Gly Ala Glu Leu Met Lys Pro Gly Ala
1 5 10 15
Ser Val Lys Ile Ser Cys Lys Ala Ala Gly Tyr Thr Phe Ser Asn Tyr
20 25 30
Trp Ile Glu Trp Val Lys Gln Arg Pro Gly His Gly Leu Glu Trp Ile
35 40 45
Gly Glu Ile Leu Pro Gly Ser Gly Ser Thr Lys Tyr Asn Glu Lys Phe
50 55 60
Lys Gly Lys Ala Thr Phe Thr Ala Asp Thr Ser Ser Asn Thr Ala Tyr
65 70 75 80
Met Gln Leu Ser Ser Leu Thr Ser Glu Asp Ser Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys
85 90 95
Ala Arg Arg Gly Gly Tyr Gly Tyr Asp Gly Glu Phe Ala Tyr Trp Gly
100 105 110
Gln Gly Thr Leu Val Thr Val Ser Ala
115 120
<210> 29
<211> 15
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的肽
<400> 29
Arg Ala Ser Glu Ser Val Asp Ser Tyr Gly Asn Ser Phe Met His
1 5 10 15
<210> 30
<211> 7
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的肽
<400> 30
Arg Ala Ser Asn Leu Glu Ser
1 5
<210> 31
<211> 9
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的肽
<400> 31
Gln Gln Ser Asn Glu Ala Pro Pro Thr
1 5
<210> 32
<211> 5
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的肽
<400> 32
Asp Tyr Ala Met His
1 5
<210> 33
<211> 17
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的肽
<400> 33
Gly Ile Ser Thr Tyr Phe Gly Arg Thr Asn Tyr Asn Gln Lys Phe Lys
1 5 10 15
Gly
<210> 34
<211> 10
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的肽
<400> 34
Gly Leu Ser Gly Asn Tyr Val Met Asp Tyr
1 5 10
<210> 35
<211> 15
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的肽
<400> 35
Arg Ala Ser Glu Ser Val Asp Ser Tyr Gly Asn Ser Phe Met His
1 5 10 15
<210> 36
<211> 9
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的肽
<400> 36
Gln Gln Ser Asn Glu Gly Pro Pro Thr
1 5
<210> 37
<211> 5
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的肽
<400> 37
Asp Tyr Gly Met His
1 5
<210> 38
<211> 17
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的肽
<400> 38
Val Ile Ser Pro Tyr Ser Gly Arg Thr Asn Tyr Asn Gln Asn Phe Lys
1 5 10 15
Gly
<210> 39
<211> 10
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的肽
<400> 39
Gly Leu Ser Gly Asn Tyr Val Val Asp Tyr
1 5 10
<210> 40
<211> 17
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的肽
<400> 40
Val Ile Ser Phe Tyr Ser Gly Lys Thr Asn Tyr Asn Gln Lys Phe Met
1 5 10 15
Gly
<210> 41
<211> 15
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的肽
<400> 41
Arg Ala Ser Glu Ser Val Asp Ser Tyr Gly Asn Ser Phe Met His
1 5 10 15
<210> 42
<211> 9
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的肽
<400> 42
Gln His Ser Asn Glu Asp Pro Pro Thr
1 5
<210> 43
<211> 17
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的肽
<400> 43
Val Ile Ser Pro Tyr Ser Gly Lys Thr Asn Tyr Ser Gln Lys Phe Lys
1 5 10 15
Gly
<210> 44
<211> 10
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的肽
<400> 44
Gly Leu Ser Gly Asn Phe Val Met Asp Phe
1 5 10
<210> 45
<211> 15
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的
<220>
<221> 变体
<222> (8)..(8)
<223> Xaa是Ser或Asp
<220>
<221> 变体
<222> (11)..(11)
<223> Xaa是Pro或Asn
<400> 45
Arg Ala Ser Glu Ser Val Asp Xaa Tyr Gly Xaa Ser Phe Met His
1 5 10 15
<210> 46
<211> 9
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的
<220>
<221> 变体
<222> (2)..(2)
<223> Xaa是His或Gln
<220>
<221> 变体
<222> (6)..(6)
<223> Xaa是Gly或Ala或Asp
<400> 46
Gln Xaa Ser Asn Glu Xaa Pro Pro Thr
1 5
<210> 47
<211> 5
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的
<220>
<221> misc_feature
<222> (3)..(3)
<223> Xaa是Ala或Gly
<400> 47
Asp Tyr Xaa Met His
1 5
<210> 48
<211> 17
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的
<220>
<221> 变体
<222> (1)..(1)
<223> Xaa是Val或Gly
<220>
<221> 变体
<222> (4)..(4)
<223> Xaa是Phe或Thr或Pro
<220>
<221> 变体
<222> (6)..(6)
<223> Xaa是Ser或Phe
<220>
<221> 变体
<222> (8)..(8)
<223> Xaa是Lys或Arg
<220>
<221> 变体
<222> (12)..(12)
<223> Xaa是Ser或Asn
<220>
<221> 变体
<222> (14)..(14)
<223> Xaa是Asn或Lys
<220>
<221> 变体
<222> (16)..(16)
<223> Xaa是Met或Lys
<400> 48
Xaa Ile Ser Xaa Tyr Xaa Gly Xaa Thr Asn Tyr Xaa Gln Xaa Phe Xaa
1 5 10 15
Gly
<210> 49
<211> 10
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的
<220>
<221> 变体
<222> (6)..(6)
<223> Xaa是Phe或Tyr
<220>
<221> 变体
<222> (8)..(8)
<223> Xaa是Val或Met
<220>
<221> 变体
<222> (10)..(10)
<223> Xaa是Phe或Tyr
<400> 49
Gly Leu Ser Gly Asn Xaa Val Xaa Asp Xaa
1 5 10
<210> 50
<211> 11
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的肽
<400> 50
Arg Ala Ser Asp Asn Leu Tyr Ser Asn Leu Ala
1 5 10
<210> 51
<211> 7
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的肽
<400> 51
Asp Ala Thr Asn Leu Ala Asp
1 5
<210> 52
<211> 9
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的肽
<400> 52
Gln His Phe Trp Gly Thr Pro Leu Thr
1 5
<210> 53
<211> 5
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的肽
<400> 53
Ser Tyr Trp Met His
1 5
<210> 54
<211> 17
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的肽
<400> 54
Glu Ile Asn Pro Thr Asn Gly Arg Thr Asn Tyr Ile Glu Lys Phe Lys
1 5 10 15
Ser
<210> 55
<211> 7
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的肽
<400> 55
Gly Thr Arg Ala Tyr His Tyr
1 5
<210> 56
<211> 11
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的肽
<400> 56
Arg Ala Ser Glu Asn Ile Tyr Ser Asn Leu Ala
1 5 10
<210> 57
<211> 7
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的肽
<400> 57
Ala Ala Thr Asp Leu Ala Asp
1 5
<210> 58
<211> 17
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的肽
<400> 58
Glu Ile Asn Pro Thr Asn Gly Arg Thr Asn Tyr Asn Glu Asn Phe Lys
1 5 10 15
Ser
<210> 59
<211> 7
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的肽
<400> 59
Gly Thr Arg Ala Tyr His Phe
1 5
<210> 60
<211> 11
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的肽
<400> 60
Arg Ala Ser Asp Asn Ile Tyr Ser Asn Leu Ala
1 5 10
<210> 61
<211> 7
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的肽
<400> 61
Ala Ala Thr Asn Leu Ala Asp
1 5
<210> 62
<211> 9
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的肽
<400> 62
Gln His Phe Trp Gly Thr Pro Leu Met
1 5
<210> 63
<211> 17
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的肽
<400> 63
Glu Ile Asn Pro Ile Asn Gly Arg Thr Asn Tyr Ser Glu Lys Phe Lys
1 5 10 15
Lys
<210> 64
<211> 7
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的肽
<400> 64
Ala Val Thr Asn Leu Ala Asp
1 5
<210> 65
<211> 17
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的肽
<400> 65
Glu Ile Asn Pro Ser Asn Gly Arg Thr Asn Tyr Asn Glu Thr Phe Lys
1 5 10 15
Ser
<210> 66
<211> 11
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的肽
<220>
<221> 变体
<222> (4)..(4)
<223> Xaa是Asp或Glu
<220>
<221> 变体
<222> (6)..(6)
<223> Xaa是Ile或Leu
<400> 66
Arg Ala Ser Xaa Asn Xaa Tyr Ser Asn Leu Ala
1 5 10
<210> 67
<211> 7
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的肽
<220>
<221> 变体
<222> (1)..(1)
<223> Xaa是Ala或Asp
<220>
<221> 变体
<222> (2)..(2)
<223> Xaa是Val或Ala
<220>
<221> 变体
<222> (4)..(4)
<223> Xaa是Asp或Asn
<400> 67
Xaa Xaa Thr Xaa Leu Ala Asp
1 5
<210> 68
<211> 9
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的肽
<220>
<221> 变体
<222> (9)..(9)
<223> Xaa是Met或Thr
<400> 68
Gln His Phe Trp Gly Thr Pro Leu Xaa
1 5
<210> 69
<211> 17
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的肽
<220>
<221> 变体
<222> (5)..(5)
<223> Xaa是Ile或Thr或Ser
<220>
<221> 变体
<222> (12)..(12)
<223> Xaa是Asn或Ile或Ser
<220>
<221> 变体
<222> (14)..(14)
<223> Xaa是Asn或Lys或Thr
<220>
<221> 变体
<222> (17)..(17)
<223> Xaa是Lys或Ser
<400> 69
Glu Ile Asn Pro Xaa Asn Gly Arg Thr Asn Tyr Xaa Glu Xaa Phe Lys
1 5 10 15
Xaa
<210> 70
<211> 7
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的肽
<220>
<221> 变体
<222> (7)..(7)
<223> Xaa是Phe或Tyr
<400> 70
Gly Thr Arg Ala Tyr His Xaa
1 5
<210> 71
<211> 11
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的肽
<400> 71
Arg Ala Ser Lys Ser Ile Ser Lys Tyr Leu Ala
1 5 10
<210> 72
<211> 7
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的肽
<400> 72
Ser Gly Ser Thr Leu Gln Ser
1 5
<210> 73
<211> 9
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的肽
<400> 73
Gln Gln His Asn Glu Tyr Pro Trp Thr
1 5
<210> 74
<211> 6
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的肽
<400> 74
Ser Glu Tyr Ala Trp Asn
1 5
<210> 75
<211> 16
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的肽
<400> 75
Tyr Ile Ser Tyr Ser Gly Thr Thr Ser Tyr Asn Pro Ser Leu Lys Ser
1 5 10 15
<210> 76
<211> 13
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的肽
<400> 76
Tyr Gly Tyr Gly Asn Pro Ala Thr Arg Tyr Phe Asp Val
1 5 10
<210> 77
<211> 15
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的肽
<400> 77
Arg Ala Arg Gln Ser Val Ser Thr Ser Ser Tyr Ser Phe Met His
1 5 10 15
<210> 78
<211> 7
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的肽
<400> 78
Tyr Ala Ser Ile Gln Glu Ser
1 5
<210> 79
<211> 9
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的肽
<400> 79
Gln His Thr Trp Glu Ile Pro Phe Thr
1 5
<210> 80
<211> 5
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的肽
<400> 80
Ser Tyr Trp Met His
1 5
<210> 81
<211> 17
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的肽
<400> 81
Asn Ile Tyr Pro Gly Ser Gly Ser Thr Lys Tyr Asp Glu Arg Phe Lys
1 5 10 15
Ser
<210> 82
<211> 11
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的肽
<400> 82
Gly Gly Tyr Asp Ser Arg Ala Trp Phe Ala Tyr
1 5 10
<210> 83
<211> 17
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的肽
<400> 83
Asn Ile Tyr Pro Gly Ser Gly Ser Thr Lys Tyr Asp Glu Lys Phe Lys
1 5 10 15
Ser
<210> 84
<211> 11
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的肽
<400> 84
Gly Gly Tyr Asp Ser Arg Ala Trp Phe Ala His
1 5 10
<210> 85
<211> 12
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的肽
<400> 85
Thr Thr Ser Ser Ser Val Pro Ser Ser Tyr Phe His
1 5 10
<210> 86
<211> 7
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的肽
<400> 86
Ser Thr Ser Asn Leu Ala Ser
1 5
<210> 87
<211> 9
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的肽
<400> 87
His Gln Tyr His Arg Ser Pro Phe Thr
1 5
<210> 88
<211> 5
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的肽
<400> 88
Asp Tyr Tyr Met Tyr
1 5
<210> 89
<211> 17
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的肽
<400> 89
Ser Ile Ser Asn Gly Gly Asp Asn Thr Tyr Tyr Pro Asp Thr Val Lys
1 5 10 15
Gly
<210> 90
<211> 15
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的肽
<400> 90
Gln Gly Ala Leu Tyr Asp Gly Tyr Tyr Arg Gly Ala Met Asp Tyr
1 5 10 15
<210> 91
<211> 11
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的肽
<400> 91
Arg Ala Gly Gln Asp Ile Thr Asn Tyr Leu Asn
1 5 10
<210> 92
<211> 7
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的肽
<400> 92
Tyr Thr Ser Arg Leu His Ser
1 5
<210> 93
<211> 9
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的肽
<400> 93
Gln Gln Ala Asn Thr Leu Pro Tyr Thr
1 5
<210> 94
<211> 5
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的肽
<400> 94
Asn Tyr Trp Ile Glu
1 5
<210> 95
<211> 17
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的肽
<400> 95
Glu Ile Leu Pro Gly Ser Gly Ser Thr Lys Tyr Asn Glu Lys Phe Lys
1 5 10 15
Gly
<210> 96
<211> 12
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的肽
<400> 96
Arg Gly Gly Tyr Gly Tyr Asp Gly Glu Phe Ala Tyr
1 5 10
<210> 97
<211> 15
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的
<220>
<221> 变体
<222> (1)..(1)
<223> Xaa是Arg或Thr
<220>
<221> 变体
<222> (2)..(2)
<223> Xaa是Thr或Ala
<220>
<221> 变体
<222> (3)..(3)
<223> Xaa是Arg或Ser或Gly
<220>
<221> 变体
<222> (4)..(4)
<223> Xaa是Ser或Gln
<220>
<221> 变体
<222> (5)..(5)
<223> Xaa,如果存在,是Ser
<220>
<221> 变体
<222> (6)..(6)
<223> Xaa,如果存在,是Val
<220>
<221> 变体
<222> (7)..(7)
<223> Xaa,如果存在,是Ser
<220>
<221> 变体
<222> (8)..(8)
<223> Xaa,如果存在,是Thr
<220>
<221> 变体
<222> (9)..(9)
<223> Xaa是Ser或Val或Asp
<220>
<221> 变体
<222> (10)..(10)
<223> Xaa是Ser或Pro或Ile
<220>
<221> 变体
<222> (11)..(11)
<223> Xaa是Tyr或Ser或Thr
<220>
<221> 变体
<222> (12)..(12)
<223> Xaa是Ser或Asn
<220>
<221> 变体
<222> (13)..(13)
<223> Xaa是Phe或Tyr
<220>
<221> 变体
<222> (14)..(14)
<223> Xaa是Met或Phe或Leu
<220>
<221> 变体
<222> (15)..(15)
<223> Xaa是His或Asn
<400> 97
Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa
1 5 10 15
<210> 98
<211> 7
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的
<220>
<221> 变体
<222> (1)..(1)
<223> Xaa是Tyr或Ser
<220>
<221> 变体
<222> (2)..(2)
<223> Xaa是Ala或Thr
<220>
<221> 变体
<222> (4)..(4)
<223> Xaa是Ile或Asn或Arg
<220>
<221> 变体
<222> (5)..(5)
<223> Xaa是Gln或Leu
<220>
<221> 变体
<222> (6)..(6)
<223> Xaa是Glu或Ala或His
<400> 98
Xaa Xaa Ser Xaa Xaa Xaa Ser
1 5
<210> 99
<211> 9
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的
<220>
<221> 变体
<222> (1)..(1)
<223> Xaa是Gln或His
<220>
<221> 变体
<222> (2)..(2)
<223> Xaa是His或Gln
<220>
<221> 变体
<222> (3)..(3)
<223> Xaa是Thr或Tyr或Ala
<220>
<221> 变体
<222> (4)..(4)
<223> Xaa是Trp或His或Asn
<220>
<221> 变体
<222> (5)..(5)
<223> Xaa是Glu或Arg或Thr
<220>
<221> 变体
<222> (6)..(6)
<223> Xaa是Ile或Ser或Leu
<220>
<221> 变体
<222> (8)..(8)
<223> Xaa是Phe或Tyr
<400> 99
Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Pro Xaa Thr
1 5
<210> 100
<211> 5
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的
<220>
<221> 变体
<222> (1)..(1)
<223> Xaa是Ser或Asp或Asn
<220>
<221> 变体
<222> (3)..(3)
<223> Xaa是Trp或Tyr
<220>
<221> 变体
<222> (4)..(4)
<223> Xaa是Met或Ile
<220>
<221> 变体
<222> (5)..(5)
<223> Xaa是His或Tyr或Glu
<400> 100
Xaa Tyr Xaa Xaa Xaa
1 5
<210> 101
<211> 17
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的
<220>
<221> 变体
<222> (1)..(1)
<223> Xaa是Asn或Ser或Glu
<220>
<221> 变体
<222> (3)..(3)
<223> Xaa是Tyr或Ser或Leu
<220>
<221> 变体
<222> (4)..(4)
<223> Xaa是Pro或Asn
<220>
<221> 变体
<222> (6)..(6)
<223> Xaa是Ser或Gly
<220>
<221> 变体
<222> (7)..(7)
<223> Xaa是Gly或Asp
<220>
<221> 变体
<222> (8)..(8)
<223> Xaa是Ser或Asn
<220>
<221> 变体
<222> (10)..(10)
<223> Xaa是Lys或Tyr
<220>
<221> 变体
<222> (12)..(12)
<223> Xaa是Asp或Pro或Asn
<220>
<221> 变体
<222> (13)..(13)
<223> Xaa是Glu或Asp
<220>
<221> 变体
<222> (14)..(14)
<223> Xaa是Arg或Lys或Thr
<220>
<221> 变体
<222> (15)..(15)
<223> Xaa是Phe或Val
<220>
<221> 变体
<222> (17)..(17)
<223> Xaa是Ser或Gly
<400> 101
Xaa Ile Xaa Xaa Gly Xaa Xaa Xaa Thr Xaa Tyr Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Lys
1 5 10 15
Xaa
<210> 102
<211> 15
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的
<220>
<221> 变体
<222> (1)..(1)
<223> Xaa是Gly或Gln或Arg
<220>
<221> 变体
<222> (3)..(3)
<223> Xaa是Tyr或Ala或Gly
<220>
<221> 变体
<222> (4)..(4)
<223> Xaa是Asp或Leu或Tyr
<220>
<221> 变体
<222> (5)..(5)
<223> Xaa是Ser或Tyr或Gly
<220>
<221> 变体
<222> (6)..(6)
<223> Xaa是Arg或Asp或Tyr
<220>
<221> 变体
<222> (7)..(7)
<223> Xaa是Ala或Gly或Asp
<220>
<221> 变体
<222> (8)..(8)
<223> Xaa是Trp或Tyr或Gly
<220>
<221> 变体
<222> (9)..(9)
<223> Xaa是Phe或Tyr或Glu
<220>
<221> 变体
<222> (10)..(10)
<223> Xaa,如果存在,是Arg或Phe
<220>
<221> 变体
<222> (11)..(11)
<223> Xaa,如果存在,是Gly
<220>
<221> 变体
<222> (12)..(12)
<223> Xaa,如果存在,是Ala
<220>
<221> 变体
<222> (13)..(13)
<223> Xaa,如果存在,是Met
<220>
<221> 变体
<222> (14)..(14)
<223> Xaa是Ala或Asp
<220>
<221> 变体
<222> (15)..(15)
<223> Xaa是Tyr或His
<400> 102
Xaa Gly Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa
1 5 10 15
<210> 103
<211> 107
<212> PRT
<213> 智人
<400> 103
Asp Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly
1 5 10 15
Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys Arg Ala Ser Gln Gly Ile Ser Asn Ser
20 25 30
Leu Ala Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys Ala Pro Lys Leu Leu Leu
35 40 45
Tyr Ala Ala Ser Arg Leu Glu Ser Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly
50 55 60
Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Tyr Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro
65 70 75 80
Glu Asp Phe Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Gln Gln Tyr Tyr Ser Thr Pro Tyr
85 90 95
Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys Leu Glu Ile Lys
100 105
<210> 104
<211> 107
<212> PRT
<213> 小家鼠
<400> 104
Asp Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ala Ser Leu Ser Val Ser Val Gly
1 5 10 15
Glu Thr Val Thr Ile Thr Cys Arg Ala Ser Asp Asn Leu Tyr Ser Asn
20 25 30
Leu Ala Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Gln Gly Lys Ser Pro Gln Leu Leu Val
35 40 45
Tyr Asp Ala Thr Asn Leu Ala Asp Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly
50 55 60
Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Gln Tyr Ser Leu Lys Ile Asn Ser Leu Gln Ser
65 70 75 80
Glu Asp Phe Gly Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Gln His Phe Trp Gly Thr Pro Leu
85 90 95
Thr Phe Gly Ala Gly Thr Lys Leu Glu Leu Lys
100 105
<210> 105
<211> 107
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的多肽
<400> 105
Asp Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly
1 5 10 15
Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys Arg Ala Ser Asp Asn Leu Tyr Ser Asn
20 25 30
Leu Ala Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys Ser Pro Lys Leu Leu Val
35 40 45
Tyr Asp Ala Thr Asn Leu Ala Asp Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly
50 55 60
Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Tyr Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro
65 70 75 80
Glu Asp Phe Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Gln His Phe Trp Gly Thr Pro Leu
85 90 95
Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys Val Glu Ile Lys
100 105
<210> 106
<211> 112
<212> PRT
<213> 智人
<400> 106
Gln Val Gln Leu Val Gln Ser Gly Ala Glu Val Lys Lys Pro Gly Ala
1 5 10 15
Ser Val Lys Val Ser Cys Lys Ala Ser Gly Tyr Thr Phe Thr Ser Tyr
20 25 30
Ala Met His Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Gln Arg Leu Glu Trp Met
35 40 45
Gly Trp Ile Asn Ala Gly Asn Gly Asn Thr Lys Tyr Ser Gln Lys Phe
50 55 60
Gln Gly Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Arg Asp Thr Ser Ala Ser Thr Ala Tyr
65 70 75 80
Met Glu Leu Ser Ser Leu Arg Ser Glu Asp Thr Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys
85 90 95
Ala Arg Phe Asp Val Trp Gly Gln Gly Thr Met Val Thr Val Ser Ser
100 105 110
<210> 107
<211> 116
<212> PRT
<213> 小家鼠
<400> 107
Gln Val Gln Leu Gln Gln Pro Gly Ala Glu Leu Val Lys Pro Gly Ala
1 5 10 15
Ser Val Lys Leu Ser Cys Lys Ala Ser Gly Tyr Thr Phe Thr Ser Tyr
20 25 30
Trp Met His Trp Val Lys Gln Arg Pro Gly Gln Gly Leu Glu Trp Ile
35 40 45
Gly Glu Ile Asn Pro Thr Asn Gly Arg Thr Asn Tyr Ile Glu Lys Phe
50 55 60
Lys Ser Lys Ala Thr Leu Thr Val Asp Lys Ser Ser Ser Thr Ala Tyr
65 70 75 80
Met Gln Leu Ser Ser Leu Thr Ser Glu Asp Ser Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys
85 90 95
Ala Arg Gly Thr Arg Ala Tyr His Tyr Trp Gly Gln Gly Thr Ser Val
100 105 110
Thr Val Ser Ser
115
<210> 108
<211> 116
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的多肽
<400> 108
Glu Val Gln Leu Val Gln Ser Gly Ala Glu Val Lys Lys Pro Gly Ala
1 5 10 15
Ser Val Lys Val Ser Cys Lys Ala Ser Gly Tyr Thr Phe Thr Ser Tyr
20 25 30
Trp Met His Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Gln Arg Leu Glu Trp Ile
35 40 45
Gly Glu Ile Asn Pro Thr Asn Gly Arg Thr Asn Tyr Ile Glu Lys Phe
50 55 60
Lys Ser Arg Ala Thr Leu Thr Val Asp Lys Ser Ala Ser Thr Ala Tyr
65 70 75 80
Met Glu Leu Ser Ser Leu Arg Ser Glu Asp Thr Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys
85 90 95
Ala Arg Gly Thr Arg Ala Tyr His Tyr Trp Gly Gln Gly Thr Met Val
100 105 110
Thr Val Ser Ser
115
<210> 109
<211> 113
<212> PRT
<213> 智人
<400> 109
Asp Ile Val Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Asp Ser Leu Ala Val Ser Leu Gly
1 5 10 15
Glu Arg Ala Thr Ile Asn Cys Lys Ser Ser Gln Ser Val Leu Tyr Ser
20 25 30
Ser Asn Asn Lys Asn Tyr Leu Ala Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Gly Gln
35 40 45
Pro Pro Lys Leu Leu Ile Tyr Trp Ala Ser Thr Arg Glu Ser Gly Val
50 55 60
Pro Asp Arg Phe Ser Gly Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr
65 70 75 80
Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Ala Glu Asp Val Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys Gln Gln
85 90 95
Tyr Tyr Ser Thr Pro Tyr Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys Leu Glu Ile
100 105 110
Lys
<210> 110
<211> 111
<212> PRT
<213> 小家鼠
<400> 110
Asp Ile Val Leu Thr Gln Ser Pro Ala Ser Leu Ala Val Ser Leu Gly
1 5 10 15
Gln Arg Ala Thr Ile Ser Cys Arg Ala Ser Glu Ser Val Asp Ser Tyr
20 25 30
Gly Asn Ser Phe Met His Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Gly Gln Pro Pro
35 40 45
Lys Leu Leu Ile Tyr Arg Ala Ser Asn Leu Glu Ser Gly Ile Pro Ala
50 55 60
Arg Phe Ser Gly Ser Gly Ser Arg Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile Asn
65 70 75 80
Pro Val Glu Ala Asp Asp Val Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Gln Gln Ser Asn
85 90 95
Glu Gly Pro Pro Thr Phe Gly Gly Gly Thr Lys Leu Glu Ile Lys
100 105 110
<210> 111
<211> 111
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的多肽
<400> 111
Asp Ile Val Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Asp Ser Leu Ala Val Ser Leu Gly
1 5 10 15
Glu Arg Ala Thr Ile Asn Cys Arg Ala Ser Glu Ser Val Asp Ser Tyr
20 25 30
Gly Asn Ser Phe Met His Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Gly Gln Pro Pro
35 40 45
Lys Leu Leu Ile Tyr Arg Ala Ser Asn Leu Glu Ser Gly Val Pro Asp
50 55 60
Arg Phe Ser Gly Ser Gly Ser Arg Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser
65 70 75 80
Ser Leu Gln Ala Glu Asp Val Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys Gln Gln Ser Asn
85 90 95
Glu Ala Pro Pro Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys Leu Glu Ile Lys
100 105 110
<210> 112
<211> 112
<212> PRT
<213> 智人
<400> 112
Gln Val Gln Leu Val Gln Ser Gly Ala Glu Val Lys Lys Pro Gly Ala
1 5 10 15
Ser Val Lys Val Ser Cys Lys Ala Ser Gly Tyr Thr Phe Thr Gly Tyr
20 25 30
Tyr Met His Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Gln Gly Leu Glu Trp Met
35 40 45
Gly Trp Ile Asn Pro Asn Ser Gly Gly Thr Asn Tyr Ala Gln Lys Phe
50 55 60
Gln Gly Arg Val Thr Met Thr Arg Asp Thr Ser Ile Ser Thr Ala Tyr
65 70 75 80
Met Glu Leu Ser Arg Leu Arg Ser Asp Asp Thr Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys
85 90 95
Ala Arg Met Asp Tyr Trp Gly Gln Gly Thr Thr Val Thr Val Ser Ser
100 105 110
<210> 113
<211> 119
<212> PRT
<213> 小家鼠
<400> 113
Gln Val Gln Leu Gln Gln Ser Gly Pro Glu Leu Val Arg Pro Gly Val
1 5 10 15
Ser Val Lys Ile Ser Cys Lys Gly Ser Gly Tyr Thr Phe Thr Asp Tyr
20 25 30
Ala Met His Trp Val Lys Gln Ser His Ala Lys Ser Leu Glu Trp Ile
35 40 45
Gly Gly Ile Ser Thr Tyr Phe Gly Arg Thr Asn Tyr Asn Gln Lys Phe
50 55 60
Lys Gly Arg Ala Thr Met Thr Val Asp Lys Ser Ser Ser Thr Ala Tyr
65 70 75 80
Met Glu Leu Ala Arg Leu Thr Ser Glu Asp Ser Ala Leu Tyr Tyr Cys
85 90 95
Ala Arg Gly Leu Ser Gly Asn Tyr Val Met Asp Tyr Trp Gly Gln Gly
100 105 110
Thr Ser Val Thr Val Ser Ser
115
<210> 114
<211> 119
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的多肽
<400> 114
Glu Val Gln Leu Val Gln Ser Gly Ala Glu Val Lys Lys Pro Gly Ala
1 5 10 15
Ser Val Lys Val Ser Cys Lys Gly Ser Gly Tyr Thr Phe Thr Asp Tyr
20 25 30
Ala Met His Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Gln Gly Leu Glu Trp Met
35 40 45
Gly Gly Ile Ser Thr Tyr Phe Gly Arg Thr Asn Tyr Asn Gln Lys Phe
50 55 60
Lys Gly Arg Val Thr Met Thr Val Asp Thr Ser Ile Ser Thr Ala Tyr
65 70 75 80
Met Glu Leu Ser Arg Leu Arg Ser Asp Asp Thr Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys
85 90 95
Ala Arg Gly Leu Ser Gly Asn Tyr Val Met Asp Tyr Trp Gly Gln Gly
100 105 110
Thr Thr Val Thr Val Ser Ser
115
<210> 115
<211> 113
<212> PRT
<213> 智人
<400> 115
Asp Ile Val Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Asp Ser Leu Ala Val Ser Leu Gly
1 5 10 15
Glu Arg Ala Thr Ile Asn Cys Lys Ser Ser Gln Ser Val Leu Tyr Ser
20 25 30
Ser Asn Asn Lys Asn Tyr Leu Ala Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Gly Gln
35 40 45
Pro Pro Lys Leu Leu Ile Tyr Trp Ala Ser Thr Arg Glu Ser Gly Val
50 55 60
Pro Asp Arg Phe Ser Gly Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr
65 70 75 80
Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Ala Glu Asp Val Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys Gln Gln
85 90 95
Tyr Tyr Ser Thr Pro Phe Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys Val Glu Ile
100 105 110
Lys
<210> 116
<211> 111
<212> PRT
<213> 小家鼠
<400> 116
Asp Ile Val Leu Thr Gln Ser Pro Ala Ser Leu Ala Val Ser Leu Gly
1 5 10 15
Gln Arg Ala Thr Ile Ser Cys Arg Ala Arg Gln Ser Val Ser Thr Ser
20 25 30
Ser Tyr Ser Phe Met His Trp Tyr Arg Gln Lys Ala Gly Gln Pro Pro
35 40 45
Lys Leu Leu Ile Lys Tyr Ala Ser Ile Gln Glu Ser Gly Val Pro Ala
50 55 60
Arg Phe Ser Gly Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Asn Ile Leu
65 70 75 80
Pro Val Glu Glu Glu Asp Thr Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Gln His Thr Trp
85 90 95
Glu Ile Pro Phe Thr Phe Gly Ser Gly Thr Lys Leu Glu Ile Lys
100 105 110
<210> 117
<211> 111
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的多肽
<400> 117
Asp Ile Val Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Asp Ser Leu Ala Val Ser Leu Gly
1 5 10 15
Glu Arg Ala Thr Ile Asn Cys Arg Ala Arg Gln Ser Val Ser Thr Ser
20 25 30
Ser Tyr Ser Phe Met His Trp Tyr Gln Gln Pro Ala Gly Gln Pro Pro
35 40 45
Lys Leu Leu Ile Lys Tyr Ala Ser Ile Gln Glu Ser Gly Val Pro Asp
50 55 60
Arg Phe Ser Gly Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser
65 70 75 80
Ser Leu Gln Ala Glu Asp Val Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys Gln His Thr Trp
85 90 95
Glu Ile Pro Phe Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys Val Glu Ile Lys
100 105 110
<210> 118
<211> 112
<212> PRT
<213> 智人
<400> 118
Glu Val Gln Leu Val Gln Ser Gly Ala Glu Val Lys Lys Pro Gly Ala
1 5 10 15
Ser Val Lys Val Ser Cys Lys Ala Ser Gly Tyr Thr Phe Thr Ser Tyr
20 25 30
Tyr Ile His Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Gln Gly Leu Glu Trp Ile
35 40 45
Gly Trp Ile Asn Pro Gly Ser Gly Asn Thr Asn Tyr Ala Gln Lys Phe
50 55 60
Gln Gly Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Arg Asp Thr Ser Thr Ser Thr Ala Tyr
65 70 75 80
Leu Glu Leu Ser Ser Leu Arg Ser Glu Asp Thr Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys
85 90 95
Ala Arg Phe Asp Tyr Trp Gly Gln Gly Thr Leu Val Thr Val Ser Ser
100 105 110
<210> 119
<211> 120
<212> PRT
<213> 小家鼠
<400> 119
Gln Val Gln Leu Gln Gln Pro Gly Ser Glu Leu Val Arg Pro Gly Ala
1 5 10 15
Ser Val Lys Leu Ser Cys Lys Ala Ser Gly Tyr Thr Phe Thr Ser Tyr
20 25 30
Trp Met His Trp Val Lys Gln Arg His Gly Gln Gly Leu Glu Trp Ile
35 40 45
Gly Asn Ile Tyr Pro Gly Ser Gly Ser Thr Lys Tyr Asp Glu Arg Phe
50 55 60
Lys Ser Lys Gly Thr Leu Thr Val Asp Thr Ser Ser Ser Thr Ala Tyr
65 70 75 80
Met His Leu Ser Ser Leu Thr Ser Glu Asp Ser Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys
85 90 95
Thr Arg Gly Gly Tyr Asp Ser Arg Ala Trp Phe Ala Tyr Trp Gly Gln
100 105 110
Gly Thr Leu Val Thr Val Ser Ala
115 120
<210> 120
<211> 120
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的多肽
<400> 120
Glu Val Gln Leu Val Gln Ser Gly Ala Glu Val Lys Lys Pro Gly Ala
1 5 10 15
Ser Val Lys Val Ser Cys Lys Ala Ser Gly Tyr Thr Phe Thr Ser Tyr
20 25 30
Trp Met His Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Gln Gly Leu Glu Trp Ile
35 40 45
Gly Asn Ile Tyr Pro Gly Ser Gly Ser Thr Lys Tyr Asp Glu Arg Phe
50 55 60
Lys Ser Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Val Asp Thr Ser Thr Ser Thr Ala Tyr
65 70 75 80
Leu Glu Leu Ser Ser Leu Arg Ser Glu Asp Thr Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys
85 90 95
Thr Arg Gly Gly Tyr Asp Ser Arg Ala Trp Phe Ala Tyr Trp Gly Gln
100 105 110
Gly Thr Leu Val Thr Val Ser Ser
115 120
<210> 121
<211> 107
<212> PRT
<213> 智人
<400> 121
Asp Ile Gln Leu Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser Phe Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly
1 5 10 15
Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys Arg Ala Ser Gln Gly Ile Ser Ser Tyr
20 25 30
Leu Ala Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys Ala Pro Lys Leu Leu Ile
35 40 45
Tyr Ala Ala Ser Thr Leu Gln Ser Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly
50 55 60
Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Glu Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro
65 70 75 80
Glu Asp Phe Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Gln Gln Leu Asn Ser Tyr Pro Trp
85 90 95
Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys Val Glu Ile Lys
100 105
<210> 122
<211> 107
<212> PRT
<213> 小家鼠
<400> 122
Asp Val Gln Ile Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser Tyr Leu Thr Ala Ser Pro Gly
1 5 10 15
Glu Thr Ile Thr Ile Asn Cys Arg Ala Ser Lys Ser Ile Ser Lys Tyr
20 25 30
Leu Ala Trp Tyr Gln Glu Lys Pro Gly Lys Thr Asn Lys Leu Leu Ile
35 40 45
Tyr Ser Gly Ser Thr Leu Gln Ser Gly Ile Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly
50 55 60
Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Asn Leu Glu Pro
65 70 75 80
Glu Asp Phe Ala Met Tyr Tyr Cys Gln Gln His Asn Glu Tyr Pro Trp
85 90 95
Thr Phe Gly Gly Gly Thr Lys Leu Glu Ile Lys
100 105
<210> 123
<211> 107
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的多肽
<400> 123
Asp Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly
1 5 10 15
Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys Arg Ala Ser Lys Ser Ile Ser Lys Tyr
20 25 30
Leu Ala Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys Thr Asn Lys Leu Leu Leu
35 40 45
Tyr Ser Gly Ser Thr Leu Gln Ser Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly
50 55 60
Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Tyr Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro
65 70 75 80
Glu Asp Phe Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Gln Gln His Asn Glu Tyr Pro Trp
85 90 95
Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys Val Glu Ile Lys
100 105
<210> 124
<211> 111
<212> PRT
<213> 智人
<400> 124
Gln Val Gln Leu Gln Glu Ser Gly Pro Gly Leu Val Lys Pro Ser Glu
1 5 10 15
Thr Leu Ser Leu Thr Cys Thr Val Ser Gly Gly Ser Ile Ser Ser Tyr
20 25 30
Tyr Trp Ser Trp Ile Arg Gln Pro Pro Gly Lys Gly Leu Glu Trp Ile
35 40 45
Gly Tyr Ile Tyr Tyr Ser Gly Ser Thr Asn Tyr Asn Pro Ser Leu Lys
50 55 60
Ser Arg Val Thr Ile Ser Val Asp Thr Ser Lys Asn Gln Phe Ser Leu
65 70 75 80
Lys Leu Ser Ser Val Thr Ala Ala Asp Thr Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys Ala
85 90 95
Arg Met Asp Val Trp Gly Lys Gly Thr Thr Val Thr Val Ser Ser
100 105 110
<210> 125
<211> 122
<212> PRT
<213> 小家鼠
<400> 125
Asp Val Gln Leu Gln Glu Ser Gly Pro Gly Leu Val Lys Pro Ser Gln
1 5 10 15
Ser Leu Ser Leu Thr Cys Thr Val Thr Gly Asn Ser Ile Thr Ser Glu
20 25 30
Tyr Ala Trp Asn Trp Ile Arg Gln Phe Pro Gly Asn Lys Leu Glu Trp
35 40 45
Met Gly Tyr Ile Ser Tyr Ser Gly Thr Thr Ser Tyr Asn Pro Ser Leu
50 55 60
Lys Ser Arg Ile Ser Ile Thr Arg Asp Thr Ser Lys Asn Gln Leu Phe
65 70 75 80
Leu Gln Leu Asn Ser Val Thr Thr Glu Asp Thr Ala Thr Tyr Phe Cys
85 90 95
Ala Arg Tyr Gly Tyr Gly Asn Pro Ala Thr Arg Tyr Phe Asp Val Trp
100 105 110
Gly Ala Gly Thr Thr Val Thr Val Ser Ser
115 120
<210> 126
<211> 122
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的多肽
<400> 126
Glu Val Gln Leu Val Glu Ser Gly Pro Gly Leu Val Lys Pro Ser Glu
1 5 10 15
Thr Leu Ser Leu Thr Cys Thr Val Ser Gly Asn Ser Ile Thr Ser Glu
20 25 30
Tyr Ala Trp Asn Trp Ile Arg Gln Pro Pro Gly Lys Gly Leu Glu Trp
35 40 45
Ile Gly Tyr Ile Ser Tyr Ser Gly Thr Thr Ser Tyr Asn Pro Ser Leu
50 55 60
Lys Ser Arg Val Thr Ile Ser Arg Asp Thr Ser Lys Asn Gln Leu Ser
65 70 75 80
Leu Lys Leu Ser Ser Val Thr Ala Ala Asp Thr Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys
85 90 95
Ala Arg Tyr Gly Tyr Gly Asn Pro Ala Thr Arg Tyr Phe Asp Val Trp
100 105 110
Gly Gln Gly Thr Leu Val Thr Val Ser Ser
115 120
<210> 127
<211> 9
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的肽
<400> 127
Gln Gln Ser Asn Glu Ala Pro Pro Thr
1 5
<210> 128
<211> 9
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的肽
<400> 128
Gln His Phe Trp Gly Thr Pro Leu Thr
1 5
<210> 129
<211> 7
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的肽
<400> 129
Gly Thr Arg Ala Tyr His Tyr
1 5
<210> 130
<211> 9
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的肽
<400> 130
Gln Gln Ser Asn Glu Ala Pro Pro Thr
1 5
<210> 131
<211> 10
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的肽
<400> 131
Gly Leu Ser Gly Asn Tyr Val Met Asp Tyr
1 5 10
<210> 132
<211> 108
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的多肽
<400> 132
Asp Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly
1 5 10 15
Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys Arg Ala Ser Gln Asp Val Ser Thr Ala
20 25 30
Val Ala Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys Ala Pro Lys Leu Leu Ile
35 40 45
Tyr Ser Ala Ser Phe Leu Tyr Ser Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly
50 55 60
Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro
65 70 75 80
Glu Asp Phe Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Gln Gln Ser Tyr Thr Thr Pro Pro
85 90 95
Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys Val Glu Ile Lys Arg
100 105
<210> 133
<211> 108
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的多肽
<400> 133
Asp Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly
1 5 10 15
Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys Arg Ala Ser Gln Asp Val Ser Thr Ala
20 25 30
Val Ala Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys Ala Pro Lys Leu Leu Ile
35 40 45
Tyr Ser Ala Ser Phe Leu Tyr Ser Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly
50 55 60
Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro
65 70 75 80
Glu Asp Phe Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Gln Gln Phe Pro Thr Tyr Leu Pro
85 90 95
Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys Val Glu Ile Lys Arg
100 105
<210> 134
<211> 108
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的多肽
<400> 134
Asp Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly
1 5 10 15
Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys Arg Ala Ser Gln Asp Val Ser Thr Ala
20 25 30
Val Ala Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys Ala Pro Lys Leu Leu Ile
35 40 45
Tyr Ser Ala Ser Phe Leu Tyr Ser Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly
50 55 60
Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro
65 70 75 80
Glu Asp Phe Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Gln Gln Gly Tyr Asn Asp Pro Pro
85 90 95
Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys Val Glu Ile Lys Arg
100 105
<210> 135
<211> 108
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的多肽
<400> 135
Asp Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly
1 5 10 15
Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys Arg Ala Ser Gln Asp Val Ser Thr Ala
20 25 30
Val Ala Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys Ala Pro Lys Leu Leu Ile
35 40 45
Tyr Ser Ala Ser Phe Leu Tyr Ser Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly
50 55 60
Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro
65 70 75 80
Glu Asp Phe Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Gln Gln Ser Ser Thr Asp Pro Thr
85 90 95
Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys Val Glu Ile Lys Arg
100 105
<210> 136
<211> 108
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的多肽
<400> 136
Asp Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly
1 5 10 15
Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys Arg Ala Ser Gln Val Val Ala Asn Ser
20 25 30
Leu Ala Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys Ala Pro Lys Leu Leu Ile
35 40 45
Tyr Leu Ala Ser Phe Leu Tyr Ser Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly
50 55 60
Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro
65 70 75 80
Glu Asp Phe Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Gln Gln Asp Ala Thr Ser Pro Pro
85 90 95
Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys Val Glu Ile Lys Arg
100 105
<210> 137
<211> 108
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的多肽
<400> 137
Asp Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly
1 5 10 15
Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys Arg Ala Ser Gln Asp Val Ser Thr Ala
20 25 30
Val Ala Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys Ala Pro Lys Leu Leu Ile
35 40 45
Tyr Ser Ala Ser Phe Leu Tyr Ser Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly
50 55 60
Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro
65 70 75 80
Glu Asp Phe Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Gln Gln Tyr Ala Thr Asp Pro Pro
85 90 95
Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys Val Glu Ile Lys Arg
100 105
<210> 138
<211> 119
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的多肽
<400> 138
Glu Val Gln Leu Val Glu Ser Gly Gly Gly Leu Val Gln Pro Gly Gly
1 5 10 15
Ser Leu Arg Leu Ser Cys Ala Ala Ser Gly Phe Thr Phe Ser Gly Tyr
20 25 30
Ala Ile His Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Lys Gly Leu Glu Trp Val
35 40 45
Gly Trp Ile Ser Pro Ala Gly Gly Ser Thr Asp Tyr Ala Asp Ser Val
50 55 60
Lys Gly Arg Phe Thr Ile Ser Ala Asp Thr Ser Lys Asn Thr Ala Tyr
65 70 75 80
Leu Gln Met Asn Ser Leu Arg Ala Glu Asp Thr Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys
85 90 95
Ala Arg Gly Pro Phe Ser Pro Trp Val Met Asp Tyr Trp Gly Gln Gly
100 105 110
Thr Leu Val Thr Val Ser Ser
115
<210> 139
<211> 119
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的多肽
<400> 139
Glu Val Gln Leu Val Glu Ser Gly Gly Gly Leu Val Gln Pro Gly Gly
1 5 10 15
Ser Leu Arg Leu Ser Cys Ala Ala Ser Gly Phe Thr Phe Leu Gly Tyr
20 25 30
Gly Ile His Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Lys Gly Leu Glu Trp Val
35 40 45
Gly Trp Ile Ser Pro Ala Gly Gly Ser Thr Asp Tyr Ala Asp Ser Val
50 55 60
Lys Gly Arg Phe Thr Ile Ser Ala Asp Thr Ser Lys Asn Thr Ala Tyr
65 70 75 80
Leu Gln Met Asn Ser Leu Arg Ala Glu Asp Thr Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys
85 90 95
Ala Arg Gly Pro Phe Ser Pro Trp Val Met Asp Tyr Trp Gly Gln Gly
100 105 110
Thr Leu Val Thr Val Ser Ser
115
<210> 140
<211> 108
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的多肽
<400> 140
Asp Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly
1 5 10 15
Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys Arg Ala Ser Gln Ser Val Ser Ser Ala
20 25 30
Val Ala Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys Ala Pro Lys Leu Leu Ile
35 40 45
Tyr Ser Ala Ser Ser Leu Tyr Ser Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly
50 55 60
Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro
65 70 75 80
Glu Asp Phe Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Gln Gln Tyr Ser Tyr Ser Pro Phe
85 90 95
Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys Val Glu Ile Lys Arg
100 105
<210> 141
<211> 108
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的多肽
<400> 141
Asp Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly
1 5 10 15
Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys Arg Ala Ser Gln Ser Val Ser Ser Ala
20 25 30
Val Ala Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys Ala Pro Lys Leu Leu Ile
35 40 45
Ser Trp Ala Ser Trp Leu Tyr Ser Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly
50 55 60
Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro
65 70 75 80
Glu Asp Phe Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Gln Gln Tyr Ser Tyr Ser Pro Phe
85 90 95
Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys Val Glu Ile Lys Arg
100 105
<210> 142
<211> 108
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的多肽
<400> 142
Asp Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly
1 5 10 15
Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys Arg Ala Ser Gln Ser Val Ser Ser Ala
20 25 30
Val Ala Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys Ala Pro Lys Leu Leu Ile
35 40 45
Trp Tyr Ala Ser Trp Leu Tyr Ser Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly
50 55 60
Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro
65 70 75 80
Glu Asp Phe Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Gln Gln Tyr Ser Tyr Ser Pro Phe
85 90 95
Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys Val Glu Ile Lys Arg
100 105
<210> 143
<211> 108
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的多肽
<400> 143
Asp Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly
1 5 10 15
Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys Arg Ala Ser Gln Ser Val Ser Ser Ala
20 25 30
Val Ala Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys Ala Pro Lys Leu Leu Ile
35 40 45
Trp Trp Ala Ser Ser Leu Tyr Ser Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly
50 55 60
Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro
65 70 75 80
Glu Asp Phe Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Gln Gln Tyr Ser Tyr Ser Pro Phe
85 90 95
Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys Val Glu Ile Lys Arg
100 105
<210> 144
<211> 126
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的多肽
<400> 144
Glu Val Gln Leu Val Glu Ser Gly Gly Gly Leu Val Gln Pro Gly Gly
1 5 10 15
Ser Leu Arg Leu Ser Cys Ala Ala Ser Gly Phe Asn Phe Tyr Tyr Ser
20 25 30
Ser Ile His Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Lys Gly Leu Glu Trp Val
35 40 45
Ala Ser Ile Ser Pro Tyr Ser Gly Tyr Thr Ser Tyr Ala Asp Ser Val
50 55 60
Lys Gly Arg Phe Thr Ile Ser Ala Asp Thr Ser Lys Asn Thr Ala Tyr
65 70 75 80
Leu Gln Met Asn Ser Leu Arg Ala Glu Asp Thr Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys
85 90 95
Ala Arg Gln Pro Thr His Tyr Tyr Tyr Tyr Ala Lys Gly Tyr Lys Ala
100 105 110
Met Asp Tyr Trp Gly Gln Gly Thr Leu Val Thr Val Ser Ser
115 120 125
<210> 145
<211> 438
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的多肽
<400> 145
Glu Val Gln Leu Val Glu Ser Gly Gly Gly Leu Val Gln Pro Gly Gly
1 5 10 15
Ser Leu Arg Leu Ser Cys Ala Ala Ser Gly Phe Thr Phe Ser Ser Tyr
20 25 30
Gly Met Ser Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Lys Gly Leu Glu Leu Val
35 40 45
Ala Ser Ile Asn Ser Asn Gly Gly Ser Thr Tyr Tyr Pro Asp Ser Val
50 55 60
Lys Gly Arg Phe Thr Ile Ser Arg Asp Asn Ala Lys Asn Ser Leu Tyr
65 70 75 80
Leu Gln Met Asn Ser Leu Arg Ala Glu Asp Thr Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys
85 90 95
Ala Ser Gly Asp Tyr Trp Gly Gln Gly Thr Thr Val Thr Val Ser Ser
100 105 110
Ala Ser Thr Lys Gly Pro Ser Val Phe Pro Leu Ala Pro Cys Ser Arg
115 120 125
Ser Thr Ser Glu Ser Thr Ala Ala Leu Gly Cys Leu Val Lys Asp Tyr
130 135 140
Phe Pro Glu Pro Val Thr Val Ser Trp Asn Ser Gly Ala Leu Thr Ser
145 150 155 160
Gly Val His Thr Phe Pro Ala Val Leu Gln Ser Ser Gly Leu Tyr Ser
165 170 175
Leu Ser Ser Val Val Thr Val Pro Ser Ser Ser Leu Gly Thr Lys Thr
180 185 190
Tyr Thr Cys Asn Val Asp His Lys Pro Ser Asn Thr Lys Val Asp Lys
195 200 205
Arg Val Glu Ser Lys Tyr Gly Pro Pro Cys Pro Pro Cys Pro Ala Pro
210 215 220
Glu Phe Leu Gly Gly Pro Ser Val Phe Leu Phe Pro Pro Lys Pro Lys
225 230 235 240
Asp Thr Leu Met Ile Ser Arg Thr Pro Glu Val Thr Cys Val Val Val
245 250 255
Asp Val Ser Gln Glu Asp Pro Glu Val Gln Phe Asn Trp Tyr Val Asp
260 265 270
Gly Val Glu Val His Asn Ala Lys Thr Lys Pro Arg Glu Glu Gln Phe
275 280 285
Asn Ser Thr Tyr Arg Val Val Ser Val Leu Thr Val Leu His Gln Asp
290 295 300
Trp Leu Asn Gly Lys Glu Tyr Lys Cys Lys Val Ser Asn Lys Gly Leu
305 310 315 320
Pro Ser Ser Ile Glu Lys Thr Ile Ser Lys Ala Lys Gly Gln Pro Arg
325 330 335
Glu Pro Gln Val Tyr Thr Leu Pro Pro Ser Gln Glu Glu Met Thr Lys
340 345 350
Asn Gln Val Ser Leu Thr Cys Leu Val Lys Gly Phe Tyr Pro Ser Asp
355 360 365
Ile Ala Val Glu Trp Glu Ser Asn Gly Gln Pro Glu Asn Asn Tyr Lys
370 375 380
Thr Thr Pro Pro Val Leu Asp Ser Asp Gly Ser Phe Phe Leu Tyr Ser
385 390 395 400
Arg Leu Thr Val Asp Lys Ser Arg Trp Gln Glu Gly Asn Val Phe Ser
405 410 415
Cys Ser Val Met His Glu Ala Leu His Asn His Tyr Thr Gln Lys Ser
420 425 430
Leu Ser Leu Ser Leu Gly
435
<210> 146
<211> 219
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的多肽
<400> 146
Asp Ile Val Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Leu Ser Leu Pro Val Thr Pro Gly
1 5 10 15
Glu Pro Ala Ser Ile Ser Cys Arg Ser Ser Gln Ser Leu Val Tyr Ser
20 25 30
Asn Gly Asp Thr Tyr Leu His Trp Tyr Leu Gln Lys Pro Gly Gln Ser
35 40 45
Pro Gln Leu Leu Ile Tyr Lys Val Ser Asn Arg Phe Ser Gly Val Pro
50 55 60
Asp Arg Phe Ser Gly Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Lys Ile
65 70 75 80
Ser Arg Val Glu Ala Glu Asp Val Gly Val Tyr Tyr Cys Ser Gln Ser
85 90 95
Thr His Val Pro Trp Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys Val Glu Ile Lys
100 105 110
Arg Thr Val Ala Ala Pro Ser Val Phe Ile Phe Pro Pro Ser Asp Glu
115 120 125
Gln Leu Lys Ser Gly Thr Ala Ser Val Val Cys Leu Leu Asn Asn Phe
130 135 140
Tyr Pro Arg Glu Ala Lys Val Gln Trp Lys Val Asp Asn Ala Leu Gln
145 150 155 160
Ser Gly Asn Ser Gln Glu Ser Val Thr Glu Gln Asp Ser Lys Asp Ser
165 170 175
Thr Tyr Ser Leu Ser Ser Thr Leu Thr Leu Ser Lys Ala Asp Tyr Glu
180 185 190
Lys His Lys Val Tyr Ala Cys Glu Val Thr His Gln Gly Leu Ser Ser
195 200 205
Pro Val Thr Lys Ser Phe Asn Arg Gly Glu Cys
210 215
<210> 147
<211> 10
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的肽
<400> 147
Gly Tyr Thr Phe Thr Ser Tyr Trp Met His
1 5 10
<210> 148
<211> 10
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的肽
<400> 148
Gly Tyr Thr Phe Thr Asp Tyr Ala Met His
1 5 10
<210> 149
<211> 9
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的肽
<400> 149
Gly Tyr Thr Phe Ser Tyr Trp Met His
1 5
<210> 150
<211> 107
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的多肽
<400> 150
Asp Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly
1 5 10 15
Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys Arg Ala Ser Asp Asn Leu Tyr Ser Asn
20 25 30
Leu Ala Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys Ser Pro Lys Leu Leu Val
35 40 45
Tyr Asp Ala Thr Asn Leu Ala Asp Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly
50 55 60
Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Tyr Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro
65 70 75 80
Glu Asp Phe Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Gln His Phe Trp Gly Thr Pro Leu
85 90 95
Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys Val Glu Ile Lys
100 105
<210> 151
<211> 107
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的多肽
<400> 151
Asp Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly
1 5 10 15
Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys Arg Ala Ser Asp Asn Leu Tyr Ser Asn
20 25 30
Leu Ala Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys Ser Pro Lys Leu Leu Val
35 40 45
Tyr Asp Ala Thr Asn Leu Ala Asp Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly
50 55 60
Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Tyr Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro
65 70 75 80
Glu Asp Phe Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Gln His Phe Ala Gly Thr Pro Leu
85 90 95
Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys Val Glu Ile Lys
100 105
<210> 152
<211> 107
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的多肽
<400> 152
Asp Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly
1 5 10 15
Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys Arg Ala Ser Asp Asn Leu Tyr Ser Asn
20 25 30
Leu Ala Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys Ser Pro Lys Leu Leu Val
35 40 45
Tyr Asp Ala Thr Asn Leu Ala Asp Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly
50 55 60
Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Tyr Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro
65 70 75 80
Glu Asp Phe Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Gln His Phe Trp Gly Thr Pro Leu
85 90 95
Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys Val Glu Ile Lys
100 105
<210> 153
<211> 116
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的多肽
<400> 153
Glu Val Gln Leu Val Gln Ser Gly Ala Glu Val Lys Lys Pro Gly Ala
1 5 10 15
Ser Val Lys Val Ser Cys Lys Ala Ser Gly Tyr Thr Phe Thr Ser Tyr
20 25 30
Trp Met His Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Gln Arg Leu Glu Trp Ile
35 40 45
Gly Glu Ile Ala Pro Thr Asn Gly Arg Thr Asn Tyr Ile Glu Lys Phe
50 55 60
Lys Ser Arg Ala Thr Leu Thr Val Asp Lys Ser Ala Ser Thr Ala Tyr
65 70 75 80
Met Glu Leu Ser Ser Leu Arg Ser Glu Asp Thr Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys
85 90 95
Ala Arg Gly Thr Arg Ala Tyr His Tyr Trp Gly Gln Gly Thr Met Val
100 105 110
Thr Val Ser Ser
115
<210> 154
<211> 116
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的多肽
<400> 154
Glu Val Gln Leu Val Gln Ser Gly Ala Glu Val Lys Lys Pro Gly Ala
1 5 10 15
Ser Val Lys Val Ser Cys Lys Ala Ser Gly Tyr Thr Phe Thr Ser Tyr
20 25 30
Trp Met His Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Gln Arg Leu Glu Trp Ile
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115
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Gly Glu Ile Ala Pro Thr Asn Gly Arg Thr Asn Tyr Ile Glu Lys Phe
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100 105 110
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115
<210> 159
<211> 116
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<220>
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Trp Met His Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Gln Arg Leu Glu Trp Ile
35 40 45
Gly Glu Ile Asn Pro Thr Asn Gly Arg Thr Asn Tyr Ile Glu Lys Phe
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100 105 110
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115
<210> 160
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<220>
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Glu Val Gln Leu Val Gln Ser Gly Ala Glu Val Lys Lys Pro Gly Ala
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Gly Glu Ile Asn Pro Thr Asn Gly Arg Thr Asn Tyr Ile Glu Lys Phe
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Met Glu Leu Ser Ser Leu Arg Ser Glu Asp Thr Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys
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Thr Val Ser Ser Ala Ser Thr Lys Gly Pro Ser Val Phe Pro Leu Ala
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Pro Ser Ser Lys Ser Thr Ser Gly Gly Thr Ala Ala Leu Gly Cys Leu
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Val Lys Asp Tyr Phe Pro Glu Pro Val Thr Val Ser Trp Asn Ser Gly
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Gly Leu Tyr Ser Leu Ser Ser Val Val Thr Val Pro Ser Ser Ser Leu
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Gly Thr Gln Thr Tyr Ile Cys Asn Val Asn His Lys Pro Ser Asn Thr
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Glu Val Thr Cys Val Val Val Asp Val Ser His Glu Asp Pro Glu Val
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Lys Pro Arg Glu Glu Gln Tyr Asn Ser Thr Tyr Arg Val Val Ser Val
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Lys Val Ser Asn Lys Ala Leu Gly Ala Pro Ile Glu Lys Thr Ile Ser
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Ser Arg Glu Glu Met Thr Lys Asn Gln Val Ser Leu Ser Cys Ala Val
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Gly Ser Phe Phe Leu Val Ser Lys Leu Thr Val Asp Lys Ser Arg Trp
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420 425 430
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<210> 161
<211> 214
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成的
<400> 161
Asp Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly
1 5 10 15
Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys Arg Ala Ser Asp Asn Leu Tyr Ser Asn
20 25 30
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35 40 45
Tyr Asp Ala Thr Asn Leu Ala Asp Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly
50 55 60
Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Tyr Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro
65 70 75 80
Glu Asp Phe Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Gln His Phe Ala Gly Thr Pro Leu
85 90 95
Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys Val Glu Ile Lys Arg Thr Val Ala Ala
100 105 110
Pro Ser Val Phe Ile Phe Pro Pro Ser Asp Glu Gln Leu Lys Ser Gly
115 120 125
Thr Ala Ser Val Val Cys Leu Leu Asn Asn Phe Tyr Pro Arg Glu Ala
130 135 140
Lys Val Gln Trp Lys Val Asp Asn Ala Leu Gln Ser Gly Asn Ser Gln
145 150 155 160
Glu Ser Val Thr Glu Gln Asp Ser Lys Asp Ser Thr Tyr Ser Leu Ser
165 170 175
Ser Thr Leu Thr Leu Ser Lys Ala Asp Tyr Glu Lys His Lys Val Tyr
180 185 190
Ala Cys Glu Val Thr His Gln Gly Leu Ser Ser Pro Val Thr Lys Ser
195 200 205
Phe Asn Arg Gly Glu Cys
210
<210> 162
<211> 107
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
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<400> 162
Asp Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly
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Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys Arg Ala Ser Asp Asn Leu Tyr Ser Asn
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35 40 45
Tyr Asp Ala Thr Asn Leu Ala Asp Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly
50 55 60
Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Tyr Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro
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Claims (51)
1.结合人运铁蛋白受体(TfR)和灵长类TfR的分离的抗体,其中所述抗体包含SEQ IDNO:158的重链可变区氨基酸序列和SEQ ID NO:162的轻链可变区氨基酸序列,或SEQ IDNO:159的重链可变区氨基酸序列和SEQ ID NO:163的轻链可变区氨基酸序列。
2.权利要求1的分离的抗体,其中所述抗体不抑制运铁蛋白与TfR的结合,并且其中所述抗体的一种或多种特性被改变以在用所述抗体治疗的受试者或哺乳动物中减少或消除所述抗体对网织红细胞的影响和/或减少急性临床症状的严重性或存在,其中所述一种或多种特性选自所述抗体Fc区的效应子功能、所述抗体的补体活化功能、所述抗体的半衰期和所述抗体针对TfR的亲和力,当所述一种或多种特性选自所述抗体Fc区的效应子功能和所述抗体的补体活化功能时,相对于相同同种型的野生型抗体,所述效应子功能或补体活化功能已被减少或消除,其中所述效应子功能通过选自下述的方法减少或消除:减少所述抗体的糖基化,将所述抗体的同种型修饰成天然具有减少的或消除的效应子功能的同种型,和修饰Fc区。
3.权利要求1或2的抗体,其是单克隆抗体。
4.权利要求1或2的抗体,其是结合人TfR和灵长类TfR的抗体片段。
5.权利要求2的抗体,其中所述抗体的糖基化通过选自下述的方法减少:在不允许野生型糖基化的环境中制备所述抗体;去除所述抗体上已存在的碳水化合物基团;和修饰所述抗体以使野生型糖基化不发生。
6.权利要求5的抗体,其中所述抗体在非哺乳动物细胞制备系统中产生,或者其中所述抗体通过合成产生。
7.权利要求5的抗体,其中按照EU编号,所述抗体的Fc区包含在位置297的突变,以使在所述位置的野生型天冬酰胺残基被干扰在所述位置的糖基化的另一种氨基酸替代。
8.权利要求2的抗体,其中通过Fc区的至少一个修饰减少或消除所述效应子功能。
9.权利要求8的抗体,其中所述效应子功能或补体活化功能通过缺失全部或部分Fc区、或通过改造所述抗体以使其不包含具有效应子功能或补体活化功能活性的Fc区或非Fc区而被减少或消除。
10.权利要求8的抗体,其中按照EU编号,所述修饰选自:选自下述位置的削弱与一个或多个Fc受体的结合的Fc区点突变:234,235,238,239,248,249,252,254,265,268,269,270,272,278,289,292,293,294,295,296,297,298,301,303,322,324,327,329,333,335,338,340,373,376,382,388,389,414,416,419,434,435,437,438和439;选自下述位置的削弱与C1q结合的Fc区点突变:270,322,329和321;消除一些或全部的Fc区,和在CH1结构域位置132的点突变。
11.权利要求10的抗体,其中按照EU编号,所述修饰是选自234,235,265,297和329的削弱与一个或多个Fc受体的结合的所述Fc区的至少一个点突变。
12.权利要求11的抗体,其中按照EU编号,所述修饰是在位置297或在位置265和297处。
13.权利要求11的抗体,其中按照EU编号,所述修饰是在位置234、235和329处。
14.权利要求11的抗体,其中按照EU编号,所述修饰是N297G;D265A和N297A或D265A和N297G。
15.权利要求11的抗体,其中按照EU编号,所述修饰是L234A、L235A和P329G。
16.权利要求2的抗体,其中所述一种或多种特性是抗体的半衰期。
17.权利要求16的抗体,其中按照EU编号,所述半衰期通过在选自252,254,256,434和436的位置在所述抗体的FcRn结合结构域中的修饰而增加。
18.权利要求17的抗体,其中按照EU编号,所述修饰是在位置252、254和256处。
19.权利要求17的抗体,其中按照EU编号,所述修饰是在位置434和436处。
20.权利要求18的抗体,其中按照EU编号,所述修饰是M252Y、S254T和T256E。
21.权利要求19的抗体,其中按照EU编号,所述修饰是N434A和Y436I。
22.一种制品,其中所述制品包含a)内含组合物的第一容器,其中所述组合物包含前述权利要求中任一项的抗体,和b)内含组合物的第二容器,其中所述组合物包含减轻或有助于减少对网织红细胞水平的影响或急性临床症状的另一种化合物。
23.权利要求22的制品,其中所述另一种化合物保护网织红细胞免受抗体相关的消耗或支持网织红细胞的生长、发育或重建。
24.权利要求23的制品,其中所述另一种化合物选自促红细胞生成素(EPO)、铁补充物、维生素C、叶酸和维生素B12,或是红细胞或网织红细胞。
25.权利要求2的抗体,其中相对于不具有减少的针对TfR的亲和力的相同同种型的野生型抗体进行测量,所述抗体针对TfR的亲和力减小。
26.权利要求1或2的抗体,其中所述抗体具有1pM至100μM的针对TfR的KD或IC50。
27.权利要求1或2的抗体,其中所述抗体具有10nM至100nM针对TfR的KD或IC50。
28.权利要求1或2的抗体,其中所述抗体具有20nM至100nM的针对TfR的KD或IC50。
29.权利要求1或2的抗体,其中所述抗体与治疗化合物偶联。
30.权利要求29的抗体,其中所述抗体是多特异性抗体。
31.权利要求30的抗体,其中所述治疗化合物形成所述多特异性抗体的一部分。
32.权利要求30的抗体,其中所述多特异性抗体包含结合TfR的第一抗原结合位点和结合脑抗原的第二抗原结合位点。
33.权利要求32的抗体,其中所述多特异性抗体包含:含有SEQ ID NO:160的序列的第一重链和含有SEQ ID NO:161的序列的第一轻链。
34.权利要求32或权利要求33的抗体,其中所述脑抗原选自由下述组成的组:β-分泌酶1(BACE1),Aβ,表皮生长因子受体(EGFR),人表皮生长因子受体2(HER2),tau,脱脂载脂蛋白E(ApoE),α-突触核蛋白,CD20,亨廷顿蛋白,朊病毒蛋白(PrP),富含亮氨酸的重复的激酶2(LRRK2),帕金蛋白,早老蛋白1,早老蛋白2,γ分泌酶,死亡受体6(DR6),淀粉样蛋白前体蛋白(APP),p75神经营养蛋白受体(p75NTR)和胱天蛋白酶6。
35.权利要求32-33中任一项的抗体,其中所述多特异性抗体结合TfR和BACE1二者。
36.权利要求32-33中任一项的抗体,其中所述多特异性抗体结合TfR和Aβ二者。
37.权利要求29的抗体,其中所述治疗化合物是神经系统疾病的药物。
38.一种分离的核酸,其特征在于,所述核酸编码权利要求1-21或25-37中任一项的抗体。
39.一种宿主细胞,其特征在于,所述宿主细胞包含权利要求38所述的核酸。
40.一种制备抗体的方法,所述方法包括培养权利要求39的宿主细胞,以产生所述抗体。
41.权利要求40所述的制备抗体的方法,其中所述方法还包括从所述宿主细胞回收所述抗体。
42.一种药物制剂,其包含权利要求1-21或25-37中任一项的抗体和药用载体。
43.权利要求1-21或25-37中任一项的抗体在制备药物中的应用。
44.权利要求1-21或25-37中任一项的抗体在制备用于治疗神经系统疾病的药物中的应用。
45.权利要求44的应用,其中所述神经系统疾病选自由下述组成的组:神经病病症,神经变性疾病,癌症,眼病病症,癫痫发作病症,溶酶体贮积症,淀粉样变性,病毒或微生物疾病,缺血,行为障碍和CNS炎症。
46.权利要求1-21或25-37中任一项的抗体在制备用于转运一个或多个化合物穿过BBB的药物中的应用。
47.权利要求29-37中任一项的抗体在制备用于将化合物转运穿过受试者的BBB的药物中的应用。
48.权利要求29-37中任一项的抗体在制备用于增加受试者的CNS对化合物的暴露的药物中的应用。
49.权利要求29-37中任一项的抗体在制备用于增加化合物在CNS中的滞留的药物中的应用。
50.权利要求29-37中任一项的抗体在制备用于治疗哺乳动物中的神经系统疾病的药物中的应用。
51.根据权利要求50的用途,其中所述神经系统疾病选自由下述组成的组:神经病病症,神经变性疾病,癌症,眼病病症,癫痫发作病症,溶酶体贮积症,淀粉样变性,病毒或微生物疾病,缺血,行为障碍和CNS炎症。
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CN107001473A (zh) | 2017-08-01 |
US11098129B2 (en) | 2021-08-24 |
US20180134797A1 (en) | 2018-05-17 |
JP6779876B2 (ja) | 2020-11-04 |
US20200123267A1 (en) | 2020-04-23 |
EP3221362B1 (en) | 2019-07-24 |
WO2016081643A1 (en) | 2016-05-26 |
JP2018503357A (ja) | 2018-02-08 |
EP3221362A1 (en) | 2017-09-27 |
JP2021035365A (ja) | 2021-03-04 |
US10508151B2 (en) | 2019-12-17 |
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